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Journal articles on the topic 'Bromine in Chloroform'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tan, Shu Er, and Mohd Sani Sarjadi. "Alternative pathway to brominate 2,13-benzothiadiazole: Preparation of 4,7-dibromobenzo[c]-1,2,5-thiadiazole via N-bromosuccinimide." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (2017): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v0n0.549.

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This present work reports an alternative pathway to brominate the 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT). The conventional method to brominate a phenyl/benzene ring is to use the bromine solution (Br2) together with hydrobromic acid (HBr). This is because the phenyl/benzene rings exhibit high stability due to the delocalized -conjugation, which the substitution of bromines into the rings can only be done through a strong bromination source, e.g. the Br2/HBr. Besides that, there is another bromine source, known as N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), which is normally used for bromination of thiophene rings but not

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2

Carrasco-Turigas, Glòria, Cristina M. Villanueva, Fernando Goñi, Panu Rantakokko, and Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen. "The Effect of Different Boiling and Filtering Devices on the Concentration of Disinfection By-Products in Tap Water." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/959480.

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Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are ubiquitous contaminants in tap drinking water with the potential to produce adverse health effects. Filtering and boiling tap water can lead to changes in the DBP concentrations and modify the exposure through ingestion. Changes in the concentration of 4 individual trihalomethanes (THM4) (chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM)), MX, and bromate were tested when boiling and filtering high bromine-containing tap water from Barcelona. For filtering, we used a pitcher-type filter and a household reverse os

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3

D.T.Tayade*, R. D. Thombare S.A. Waghmare. "SYNTHESIS OF 3-[4-AMINO-N-SUBSTITUTED-o-ANISAMIDO- 5-YL]AMINO-5-SUBSTITUTED-1,2,4-DITHIAZOLE." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 10 (2017): 3890–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1035231.

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A novel series of 3-{4-Amino-N-[2-(dithethylamino)ethyl-o-anisamido-5-yl}amino-5-substitutedimino-1,2,4- dithiazole was synthesized by the oxidative cyclization of 4-amino-5-substituteddithiobiureto-N-[2- (dithethylamino)ethyl-o-anisamide in chloroform medium by making the use of liquid bromine as oxidizing agent. The products were characterized and justified on the basis of elemental analysis, chemical characteristics and spectral studies. Keywords:3-{4-Amino-N-[2-(dithethylamino)ethyl-o-anisamido-5-yl}amino-5-substituted -imino-1,2,4-dithiazole, 4- amino-5-substituteddithiobiureto-N-[2-(dith

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4

Koreneva, Yu. "The toxicokinetics of Bromine in the body of laying hens under conditions of subchronic administration of sodium bromide diet." Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini, no. 2(160) (November 24, 2020): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2020-160-2-140-149.

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The aim of the scientific work was to study the toxicokinetics of Bromine in the body of laying hens under conditions of subchronic administration of sodium bromide diet. The subject of the study was the content of bromine in the organs and tissues of laying hens under conditions of subchronic administration of sodium bromide diet. The experiment was on laying hens. Three experimental and one control groups of animals were formed (n=15). The background indicator of the Bromine content in the compound feed was 2.0 mg/kg of feed. An aqueous solution of sodium bromide was added daily to the feed

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5

Gaude, Didier, Gisèle Gellon, Raymond Le Goaller, and Jean-Louis Pierre. "Influence de la complexation sur la réactivité de nitrates d'halogènes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 1 (1989): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-018.

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Iodine nitrate or bromine nitrate in acetonitrile or in chloroform react with a variety of phenolic substrates to form both halogenated and nitrated products. In the presence of strong complexing agents of halonium ions, no reaction occurs, while in the presence of pyridine or triethylamine, only halogenated phenols exhibiting a strong ortho-directing effect of the phenolic function are produced. Keywords: phenols, iodine nitrate, bromine nitrate, halogenation, nitration.

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6

Putri, Verucha Fauzia, Purwantiningsih Sugita, and Budi Arifin. "Synthesis of Bromo Eugenol Derivatives with Molecular Bromine." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 27, no. 6 (2024): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.6.271-277.

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The bromination of eugenol using molecular bromine (Br2) has been widely reported. However, the outcomes have been inconsistent, and as a result, the specific steps of the bromination process have not been definitively established. This research aims to synthesize various derivatives of bromo eugenol, incorporating bromine atoms either in the alkene group, the aromatic ring, or both. The synthetic approaches employed include: (1) direct bromination of eugenol using 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 equivalents (equiv) of Br2 in chloroform, (2) bromination of eugenyl benzoate with 2.4 equiv of Br2 in chlorofor

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7

Kut, D., M. Kut, M. Onysko, and V. Lendel. "Kut D., Kut M., Onysko M., Lendel V. STUDY OF REGIO- AND STEREO-SELECTIVITY OF HALOGEN-INDUCED CYCLIZATION OF TERMINAL PROPARGYL THIOETHERS OF 3-ALKYL(PHENYL)QUINAZOLINE-4-ONES." Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry» 50, no. 2 (2024): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2414-0260.2023.2.46-52.

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Polycyclic condensed quinazoline derivatives are biologically valuable compounds that have found their application in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. Their practical use makes such compounds interesting and promising, and their synthesis is an urgent task. In the present work, the regio- and stereo-selectivity of the halocyclic reaction of propargyl thioethers of 2-thioxoquinazoline-4-one with bromine, iodine and iodine bromide, the effect of solvent polarity, acceptor substituent at position 7 of quinazoline, and the steric effect of the substituent at N(3) of quinazoline on the cours

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8

Kuprin, Gennady N., and Denis S. Kuprin. "Fast-Hardening Foam: Fire and Explosion Prevention at Facilities with Hazardous Chemicals." Journal of Materials Science Research 6, no. 4 (2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v6n4p56.

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Analysis of the terroristic attacks in Siria, Afghanistan and other countries has shown high probability of the hazardous chemicals application by the terroristic groups. In the article the most catastrophic accidents which were connected with hazardous chemicals are described.That is why research and developments in the sphere of protection from hazardous chemicals are still actual.This article is dedicated to the new screening method of the spilled hazardous chemicals surface on the example of protection of the factories with these substances. Methodology, experimental apparatus, protective

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9

Mazhukina, О. А., and О. V. Fedotova. "Morden Aspects in Chemistry of Condensed 2H-chromen-2-ones." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Chemistry. Biology. Ecology 10, no. 2 (2010): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1816-9775-2010-10-2-3-7.

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The bromination of condensed chromen-2-ones is carried out. The influence of medium on the reaction occurrence has been studied. In the acidic acid solution aromatization of the 4H-pyrane fragment or hydrogen atom substitution at the tertiary carbon atom takes place. In chloroform, addi tion of bromine by the double bond occurs. Mixture of tetrachloromethane and propanol-2 promotes the intermolecular dehydration with the formation of ether bond.

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10

V, Kumar, and Rao CMMP. "Pharmacological Screening of Some Novel 3,5-Disubstituted Isoxazoles Derivatives of Dibromochalcones." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 04 (2024): 1130–38. https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.14.4.30.

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Background: The preparation of some novel 3, 5-disubstituted isoxazole derivatives of dibromochalcones is encouraged by the study. When hydroxylamine hydrochloride and α-β chalcone dibromide combine, a new technique for synthesizing 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles is produced. Bromine or N-BromoSuccinimide can be used to produce compounds with low polarity like carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and dichloromethane; however the product obtained are very little. Tetrabutylammonium tribromide (TBABr3), thus, induces chalcones to bromate regioselectively and produces a high yield without polymerisatio

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11

Dearman, Samuel M. G., Xiang Li, Yang Li, Kuldip Singh, and Alison M. Stuart. "Oxidative fluorination with Selectfluor: A convenient procedure for preparing hypervalent iodine(V) fluorides." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 20 (July 29, 2024): 1785–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.20.157.

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The ability to investigate hypervalent iodine(V) fluorides has been limited primarily by their difficult preparation traditionally using harsh fluorinating reagents such as trifluoromethyl hypofluorite and bromine trifluoride. Here, we report a mild and efficient route using Selectfluor to deliver hypervalent iodine(V) fluorides in good isolated yields (72–90%). Stability studies revealed that bicyclic difluoro(aryl)-λ5-iodane 6 was much more stable in acetonitrile-d3 than in chloroform-d1, presumably due to acetonitrile coordinating to the iodine(V) centre and stabilising it via halogen bondi

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12

Sheng, Xinru, Errui Li, and Feihe Huang. "Construction of pillar[4]arene[1]quinone–1,10-dibromodecane pseudorotaxanes in solution and in the solid state." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 16 (December 2, 2020): 2954–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.16.245.

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We report novel pseudorotaxanes based on the complexation between pillar[4]arene[1]quinone and 1,10-dibromodecane. The complexation is found to have a 1:1 host–guest complexation stoichiometry in chloroform but a 2:1 host–guest complexation stoichiometry in the solid state. From single crystal X-ray diffraction, the linear guest molecules thread into cyclic pillar[4]arene[1]quinone host molecules in the solid state, stabilized by CH∙∙∙π interactions and hydrogen bonds. The bromine atoms at the periphery of the guest molecule provide convenience for the further capping of the pseudorotaxanes to

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13

Q. Abdulkadir, Maadh. "Proceeding Bromometric Phenol Assay without Starch Indicator." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 18, no. 1 (2017): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol18iss1pp72-77.

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In this research, we exclude starch indicator preparation,that is used in official phenol assay method. The liberated iodine, in presence of chloroform, was acting as indicator and titrated with sodium thiosulfate until getting a sharp colorless end point. Similarly, starch was cancelled during both blank and standardization of bromine water solution experiments needed in phenol assay. The results obtained were the same volumes and weights as that achieved using starch with just about 0.03% difference in sample procedure. Finally, this work will enable us to save time, effort, fuel and materia

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14

Shailendra, Jain. "SYNTHESIS OF SOME BENZIMIDAZOLYL PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 5, no. 6 (2018): 85–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1285780.

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A simple competent method has been developed for the synthesis of some pyrazole derivatives under microwave irradiation. The reaction of benzimidazolyl chalcone (1) with bromine in chloroform gave corresponding dibromochalcones (2), which when condensed with hydrazine hydrate  afforded the title compounds 3-benzimidazolyl-5-aryl-2-pyrazoles (3). All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR and MS spectra. Microwave irradiation method provided improved product yield in a very short span of time. Newly synthesized pyrazoles were screened for their antimicr

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15

Mathew, Lukose, and John Warkentin. "Rate constants for abstraction of bromine from bromotrichloromethane by butyl, cyclopropylmethyl, and phenyl radicals in solution." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 1 (1988): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v88-002.

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The radical chain decomposition of cyclopropylmethyl (1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-diazene [Formula: see text] at 253–341 K in hexafluorobenzene or in dichloromethane solution containing bromotrichloromethane affords cyclopropylmethyl bromide, 4-bromo-1-butene, 1-bromo-5,5,5-trichloro-2-pentene, and 3,5-dibromo-1,1,1-trichloropentane from the cyclopropylmethyl portion of 1. Other major products are nitrogen, acetone, and chloroform. The rate constant for formation of cyclopropylmethyl bromide by attack of cyclopropylmethyl free radicals from 1 at bromine of BrCCl3[Formula: see text] was calculated

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16

Wahman, David G., Lynn E. Katz, and Gerald E. Speitel. "Cometabolism of Trihalomethanes by Nitrosomonas europaea." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 12 (2005): 7980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.12.7980-7986.2005.

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ABSTRACT The ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea (ATCC 19718) was shown to degrade low concentrations (50 to 800 μg/liter) of the four trihalomethanes (trichloromethane [TCM], or chloroform; bromodichloromethane [BDCM]; dibromochloromethane [DBCM]; and tribromomethane [TBM], or bromoform) commonly found in treated drinking water. Individual trihalomethane (THM) rate constants ( \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(k_{1_{THM}}\) \end{document} ) increased with

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17

Chen, Wei Xing, Su Yan Zhang, Ai Jie Ma, and Qi Guan Wang. "The Synthesis and Characterization of Thiophene Derivative Polymers." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1846–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1846.

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Thiophene derivative polymer is an important kind of conductive polymers. They often have good electrochemical activity, environment stability and ease of processing. Here, 3-bromothiophene and 3-thiophenezoic acid as monomers, using chemical oxidation approach, the poly (3-thiophenezoic acid) (PTPA), the copolymer of 3-bromine thiophene (BTP) and 3-thiophenezoic acid (TPA) are synthesized in the media of chloroform or methanol. The structures of both polymers are characterized with FT IR, NMR and UV-vis. The results showed that the reactivity of TPA can be improved after alkalizing. The copol

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18

Gurbanov, Atash, Dmitriy Mertsalov, Fedor Zubkov, et al. "Role of Halogen Substituents on Halogen Bonding in 4,5-DiBromohexahydro-3a,6-Epoxyisoindol-1(4H)-ones." Crystals 11, no. 2 (2021): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11020112.

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A series of 4,5-dibromo-2-(4-substituted phenyl)hexahydro-3a,6-epoxyisoindol-1(4H)-ones were synthesized by reaction of the corresponding 2-(4-substituted phenyl)-2,3,7,7a-tetrahydro-3a,6-epoxyisoindol-1(6H)-ones with [(Me2NCOMe)2H]Br3 in dry chloroform under reflux for 3−5 h. In contrast to the 4-F and 4-Cl substituents, one of the bromine atoms of the isoindole moiety behaves as a halogen bond donor in the formation of intermolecular halogen bonding in the 4-H, 4-Br and 4-I analogues. Not only intermolecular hydrogen bonds, but also Ha⋯Ha and Ha⋯π types of halogen bonds in the 4-H, 4-Br, and

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19

Unrine, Jason M., Nina McCoy, W. Jay Christian, et al. "Spatial and seasonal variation in disinfection byproducts concentrations in a rural public drinking water system: A case study of Martin County, Kentucky, USA." PLOS Water 3, no. 3 (2024): e0000227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000227.

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To increase our understanding of the factors that influence formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in rural drinking systems, we investigated the spatial and seasonal variation in trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) concentrations in relation to various chemical and physical variables in a rural public drinking water system in Martin County, Kentucky, USA. We collected drinking water samples from 97 individual homes over the course of one year and analyzed them for temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, free chlorine, total chlorine, THMs (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, d

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20

Bianchini, Roberto, and Cinzia Chiappe. "Stereoselectivity and reversibility of electrophilic bromine addition to stilbenes in chloroform: influence of the bromide-tribromide-pentabromide equilibrium in the counteranion of the ionic intermediates." Journal of Organic Chemistry 57, no. 24 (1992): 6474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00050a021.

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21

Kiehlmann, E., and A. S. Tracey. "Proton magnetic resonance spectra of catechin and bromocatechin derivatives: C6- vs. C8-substitution." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 10 (1986): 1998–2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-330.

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The 1Hmr spectra of 20 catechin derivatives substituted at C-6/C-8 by bromine and/or hydrogen and at oxygen by methyl, acetyl, and/or hydrogen have been analyzed in deuterated acetone, acetonitrile, and chloroform. Because of its dependence on the nature of the solvent and of the oxygen substituent, the difference between H-6 and H-8 chemical shifts has been found to be an unreliable criterion for the distinction between 8-bromo and 6-bromo isomers. In methylated catechins, double irradiation of H-8 and H-6 enhances one (MeO-7) and two (MeO-5 and MeO-7) methoxy signals, respectively, via the n

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22

Erzunov, Dmitry A., Anna A. Botnar, Natalia P. Domareva, Tatiana V. Tikhomirova, and Arthur S. Vashurin. "Synthesis, Spectroscopic Properties and Redox Behavior Kinetics of Rare-Earth Bistetrakis-4-[3-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)phenoxy]phthalocyaninato Metal Complexes with Er, Lu and Yb." Molecules 26, no. 8 (2021): 2181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082181.

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Novel bistetrakis-4-[3-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)phenoxy]phthalocyaninato of complexes erbium, lutetium and ytterbium were synthesized using a template fusion method to prevent any polymerization process. The complexes were separated from the reaction mixtures and characterized by NMR, IR and electron absorption spectroscopy. The spectroscopic properties of the metal phthalocyaninates in chloroform, acetone and tetrahydrofuran were studied. The regular bathochromic shift in the Er–Yb–Lu series was determined. In acetone medium all the complexes obtained were found to exist in an equilibrium state be

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23

BIANCHINI, R., and C. CHIAPPE. "ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselectivity and Reversibility of Electrophilic Bromine Addition to Stilbenes in Chloroform: Influence of the Bromide-Tribromide- Pentabromide Equilibrium in the Counteranion of the Ionic Intermediates." ChemInform 24, no. 14 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199314106.

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24

Kong, Xianqi, and T. Bruce Grindley. "Control of regioselectivity in reactions of dialkylstannylene acetals. Part II. NMR results and mechanistic analysis." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 12 (1994): 2405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-307.

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The 119Sn NMR spectra of dialkylstannylene acetals derived from a number of carbohydrate-based terminal 1,2-diols have been recorded. The spectra of chloroform-d solutions at room temperature of most of these dialkylstannylene acetals were consistent with the presence of single symmetric dimers only although some did contain small proportions of higher oligomers. A general mechanistic scheme is presented that explains the regioselectivity of p-toluenesulfonation reactions of dialkylstannylene acetals presented in the preceding paper. In the scheme, the reaction intermediates are the dialkylsta

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25

Jewett, D. K., and L. B. Bjostads. "Structure-Activity Study with Haloalkane Attractants of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larvae Using a Behavioral Bioassay." Journal of Entomological Science 32, no. 1 (1997): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-32.1.91.

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A two-choice laboratory behavioral bioassay was used to compare the dose-dependent responses of second-instar western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, larvae to a series of structurally-related haloalkanes, including ones with different halogens, degree of halogen substitution, chain length, and degree of saturation. Disubstituted bromine and iodine analogs of dichloromethane attracted larvae at all doses tested, including 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg. Dibromomethane attracted significantly more larvae than dichloromethane at the lowest dose tested (0.5 mg). Analogs of dichl

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26

Rybakova, A., M. Dmitriev, and D. Kim. "Synthesis and electrophilic heterocyclization of 3-allylsulfanyl-1,2,4-triazino[6,5-b]indole." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Chemistry" 16, no. 3 (2024): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/chem240308.

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A number of scientific studies has shown that isatin α-thiosemicarbazones, as well as their corresponding cyclization products – [1,2,4]triazino[6,5-b]indole-3-thiones – exhibit higher ionization ability, lipophilicity and anti-inflammatory activity than their isomeric isatin β thiosemicarbazones and their cyclization products. In addition, the well-known indomethacin is characterized by lesser anti-inflammatory activity and greater toxicity than the studied isatin derivatives. At the same time, isatin α thiosemicarbazones and their cyclization products are less described in the literature com

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27

Sharghi, H. "Spectrophotometric study of the reaction of iodine and bromine with two new macrocycle diamides and di-ortho methoxybenzoyl thiourea in chloroform solution." Talanta 49, no. 3 (1999): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-9140(99)00011-9.

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28

Guru, S. Gadaginamath, R. Puja Shashikant, S. Donawade Dundappa, and R. Kavali Rajesh. "Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new linearly fused 6-substituted-3,8-diacetyl-4, 7-dimethyl-2H -pyrano[ 6,5-f]indoles, their chemoselective bromnination and synthesis of 3-thiazolylpyranoindoles." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 81, Oct 2004 (2004): 865–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832567.

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P.G. Department of Studies' in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad-580 003, India <em>E-mail</em> : profgmath@yahoo.co.in Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India Korea Advanced Instituted of Science and Technology (KAIST), Taejon 305-701, Korea <em>Manuscript received 1 December 2003, accepted 17 May 2004</em> When 1-substituted-3,6-diacetyl-5-hydroxy-2-methylindoles 1 (a, b) were reacted with ethyl acetoacetate in presence of 2- methylpiperidinc produced new 6-substituted-3,8-diacetyl-4,7-dimethyl-2<em>H</em>-pyrano[6,5-<em>f</em>]indole-2-ones 2(a,b). Then these compoun

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29

Pechnikova, Nadezhda L., Tatiana A. Ageeva, Oskar I. Koifman, Elena V. Alopina, and Oleg Yu Кuznetsov. "SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BROMINE DERIVATIVES OF PORHYRIN POLYMERS AND THEIR ZINC COMPLEXES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 2 (2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017602.5404.

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A creation of new water-soluble porphyrin-polymers having antibacterial properties is actual today because these substances can be used in a medicine and pharmacology. Therefore, the aim of this work is to obtain a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol-based immobilizates containing dibromo-derivatives of meso-aryl porphyrins in a side chain of the polymer and the study of their bacterial activity towards Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 885-653, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 653. The bromination of 2-formyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin and its zinc (II) complexes in the phenyl rin

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30

Marco, E., C. Lourencetti, JO Grimalt, et al. "Influence of physical activity in the intake of trihalomethanes in indoor swimming pools." Environmental Research 140 (July 1, 2015): 292–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.04.005.

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This study describes the relationship between physical activity and intake of trihalomethanes (THMs), namely chloroform (CHCl3), bromodichloromethane (CHCl2Br), dibromochloromethane (CHClBr2) and bromoform (CHBr3), in individuals exposed in two indoor swimming pools which used different disinfection agents, chlorine (Cl-SP) and bromine (Br-SP). CHCl3 and CHBr3 were the dominant compounds in air and water of the Cl-SP and Br-SP, respectively. Physical exercise was assessed from distance swum and energy expenditure. The changes in exhaled breath concentrations of these compounds were measured fr

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31

Curnow, Owen J., Ward T. Robinson, and Rong Shang. "Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide chloroform hemisolvate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 10 (2007): o3951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053680704192x.

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Tavares, A. M., P. Alvito, S. Loureiro, H. Louro, and M. J. Silva. "Multi-mycotoxin determination in baby foods and in vitro combined cytotoxic effects of aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A." World Mycotoxin Journal 6, no. 4 (2013): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2013.1554.

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The co-occurrence of mycotoxins in baby foods, including aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), has been reported in previous studies, but data on their potential combined toxic effects are still missing. The present work aimed at (1) validating an in-house multi-mycotoxin high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method for AFM1, total aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2)) and OTA in infant formulae (milk powders) and cereal baby foods (flours), and (2) assessing the combined cytotoxic effects o

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Kleyn, S. V., and S. A. Vekovshinina. "Priority risk factors related to drinking water from centralized water supply system that create negative trends in population health." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.06.

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Our research object was long-term dynamics of parameters describing drinking water from centralized water supply systems and additional cases of health disorders among population in Russia directly caused by low-quality drinking water. Our research goal was to perform hygienic assessment of priority risk factors related to drinking water and potential health disorders that could be caused by them. Our research technique was hygienic analysis of drinking water parameters as per data taken from the federal statistical form No. 18 entitled «Data on sanitary situation in a RF region» over 2000–201

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Kleyn, S. V., and S. A. Vekovshinina. "Priority risk factors related to drinking water from centralized water supply system that create negative trends in population health." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.06.eng.

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Our research object was long-term dynamics of parameters describing drinking water from centralized water supply systems and additional cases of health disorders among population in Russia directly caused by low-quality drinking water. Our research goal was to perform hygienic assessment of priority risk factors related to drinking water and potential health disorders that could be caused by them. Our research technique was hygienic analysis of drinking water parameters as per data taken from the federal statistical form No. 18 entitled «Data on sanitary situation in a RF region» over 2000–201

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Joly, Helen Alma, and Kenneth Charles Westaway. "Isotope effects in nucleophilic substitution reactions. V. The mechanism of the decomposition of 1-phenylethyldimethylphenylammonium halides in chloroform." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 6 (1986): 1206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-200.

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Secondary α and β hydrogen–deuterium kinetic isotope effects have been used together to show that the SN reaction between 1-phenylethyldimethylphenylammonium ion and bromide or iodide ion in chloroform occurs by way of an SN2 mechanism within a triple ion in spite of the fact that it reacts faster than the primary substrate, benzyldimethylphenylammonium bromide. The very loose transition state and steric effects in the ground state appear to be responsible for the unusually fast SN2 reactions between 1-phenylethyldimethylphenylammonium ion and halide ions in chloroform.

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Gebhardt, S., A. Colomb, R. Hofmann, J. Williams, and J. Lelieveld. "Halogenated organic species over the tropical rainforest." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 1 (2008): 1159–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-1159-2008.

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Abstract. Airborne measurements of the halogenated trace gases methyl chloride, methyl bromide and chloroform were conducted over the Atlantic Ocean and 1000 km of pristine tropical rainforest in Suriname and French Guyana (3–6° N, 51–59° W) in October 2005. In the boundary layer (0–1.4 km), maritime air masses initially low in forest hydrocarbons, advected over the forest by southeasterly trade winds, were measured at various distances from the coast. Since the organohalogens presented here have relatively long atmospheric lifetimes (0.4–1.0 years) in comparison to the transport times (1–2 da

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Kulesza, Alyssa A., Richard J. Staples, and Shannon M. Biros. "Crystal structure of bis(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutyl)diphenylphosphonium bromide chloroform monosolvate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 5 (2015): o339—o340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205698901500763x.

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In the title salt solvate, C24H32O2P+·Br−·CHCl3, the P atom has a distorted tetrahedral geometry, and the planes of the phenyl rings form a dihedral angle of 71.86 (14)° with one another. The bromide anion is disordered and was modelled over three positions (occupancy ratio 0.50:0.35:0.15). The crystal also contains one disordered chloroform solvent molecule that was modeled over three positions (occupancy ratio 0.50:0.35:0.15). Weak intermolecular interactions (C—H...Br and C—H...O) exist between the complex cation and the bromide anion fragments. The resulting supramolecular structure is an

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Sajusha, Duguluri, and Sivagnanam Selvakumar. "In vitro cytotoxicity investigations of chloroform extract of Anisomeles malabarica on vero and lung cancer [A-549] cell lines." Research Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 12 (2021): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1612rjbt9599.

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The main objective of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic potential of chloroform extract of medicinal plant Anisomeles malabarica. Successive solvent extraction of Anisomeles malabarica in chloroform was done. The extracts were tested against normal cell lines (Vero) human lung cancer cell lines (A-549) using the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide test (MTT) assay. The results of the present investigation revealed that the chloroform extract of Anisomeles malabarica shown anti-lung cancer activity. The evaluation of the toxicity of medicinal plants and their herbal preparations is esse

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Aslam, Sarmad, Abdul Waqar Rajput, Amir Abbas, Anwar Ul Aleem, and Saad Aslam. "Online structural health monitoring of polymer composite structure using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)." Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 43, no. 2 (2024): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.3085.

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A mechanism for online structural health monitoring of composite structure was established by developing highly sensitive strain gauges based on colloidal Gold Nano Particles (AuNPs). They were synthesized using well known Turkevich-Frens method followed by phase transfer in chloroform using surfactant Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Flexible Strain gauges / smart sensors were formed by mixing colloidal AuNPs-chloroform solution in polystyrene (PS) – chloroform solution and depositing their thick paste on hand-made flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film. These sensors were used

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Elsebrock, R., and M. Stockhausen. "Dielectric Spectroscopy of Solutions of Some Alkylammonium Salts in Chloroform and 1-Octanol." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, no. 6-7 (2000): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-6-711.

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Abstract Dielectric loss spectra between 1 MHz and 36 GHz have been measured at 20°C for solutions of hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and chloride, tetrahexylammonium bromide and tetrabutylam-monium bromide in chloroform and 1-octanol (three solutes per solvent) at moderate and high concen-trations. The discussion is aimed at identifying relaxation processes involving ions. Describing the relax -ational part of the spectra (after subtraction of the conductivity contribution) by a sum of spectral com-ponents, the lowest frequency component can be attributed to the solute in all cases. Its c

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Mariyappan, Sasikala, Sivakumar Ramalingam, Lavanya Murugan, and Renuka Saravanan. "ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE POTENTIAL OF Carica papaya LEAVES ON BREAST CANCER CELLS – MCF-7." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 9, no. 5 (2021): 678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(5).678.686.

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The study's objective is to identify the phytoconstituents and determine the anti-cancer potential of Carica papaya leaves against the MCF 7 cell line. Chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of C. papaya leaves were prepared by cold maceration method and qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed. The anti-proliferative effect of these extracts was determined by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and apoptotic assay by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining method on MCF 7 cells. The effect of the extracts, with different concentration

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Easton, CJ, and SC Peters. "Synthesis of Novel Cross-Linked Amino Acid Derivatives." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 1 (1990): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900087.

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Reactions of the derivatives of cysteine (6), serine (7) and lysine (8a), with the bromide (1), afforded the corresponding cross-linked amino acid derivatives (11), (12) and (13). Of the linked species (11)-(13), the cysteine derivative (11) was found to be the most stable under a variety of conditions. A mixture of the cross-linked serine derivative (12) and the cysteine derivative (6) in chloroform containing triethylamine reacted to give the cross-linked cysteine derivative (11) and the serine derivative (7). Similarly, a mixture of (13) and (6) in chloroform reacted to give (11).

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Lin, Ye Ting, Chang Jiang Yu, Li Zhu, Xue Qiong Yin, Bang Sheng Lao, and Qiang Lin. "Synthesis and Characterization of Alkyl Bacterial Cellulose through Etherification with Alkyl Bromide in DMAc/LiCl." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.478.

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Four types of alkyl (ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl) bacterial cellulose with the degree of substitution 0.14-2.64 were prepared through etherification of bacterial cellulose with alkyl bromide in dimethyl acetamide/lithium chloride solution under ambient pressure at 50°C, with sodium hydride as the acid binding agent. The products were characterized through FTIR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The solubility of the derivatives in chloroform, ethanol, DMSO, and toluene/ethanol (V/V 3/7) was tested. Key words: alkyl bacterial cellulose, alkyl bromide, synthesis, characterization

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Mortier, Tom, André Persoons, and Thierry Verbiest. "Oxidation of solid gold in chloroform solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide." Inorganic Chemistry Communications 8, no. 12 (2005): 1075–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2005.08.015.

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Mishra, Nidhi Dixit, S. C. Dixit, and H. C. Srivastava. "Evaluation of Trihalomethane Formation Potential Due To Anthropogenic Sources in the Ground Water of Kanpur." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 2 (2012): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/280764.

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The ground water of Jajmau(which is the hub of tanneries), Kanpur has been evaluated for trihalomethane formation potential in January and May, 2009.Bromide is absent. Chloroform is the only THM species identified in all the ground water samples. The levels of chloroform are found below the regulated WHO guideline value of 300 μgL-1.THM formation rate is very fast in first 24 h. as compared to that of the exceeding reaction time (>24 h). High TOC content is found in both the winter and summer seasons. Values of THMFP increase as the chlorine doses from 14 mg/L to 17 mg/L increased in both t

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46

Gebhardt, S., A. Colomb, R. Hofmann, J. Williams, and J. Lelieveld. "Halogenated organic species over the tropical South American rainforest." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 12 (2008): 3185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-3185-2008.

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Abstract. Airborne measurements of the halogenated trace gases methyl chloride, methyl bromide and chloroform were conducted over the Atlantic Ocean and about 1000 km of pristine tropical rainforest in Suriname and French Guyana (3–6° N, 51–59° W) in October 2005. In the boundary layer (0–1.4 km), maritime air masses, advected over the forest by southeasterly trade winds, were measured at various distances from the coast. Since the organohalogens presented here have relatively long atmospheric lifetimes (0.4–1.0 years) in comparison to the advection times from the coast (1–2 days), emissions w

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47

Beheshti, F., A. A. Shabani, M. R. Akbari Eidgahi, P. Kookhaei, M. Vazirian, and M. Safavi. "Anticancer Activity of Ipomoea purpurea Leaves Extracts in Monolayer and Three-Dimensional Cell Culture." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (June 7, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6666567.

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Cancer is a leading cause of death and a vital health care challenge in the world. Hence, this work was conducted to determine the in vitro anticancer property and also the molecular mechanism of aqueous and organic extracts of Ipomoea purpurea leaves in three human cancer cell lines, including A-549 (human lung cancer), HepG-2 (human liver cancer), MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer), and MCF-10A (breast normal cell line). In vitro cytotoxic potential of organic extracts, such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, methanol, and aqueous extract was examined using a standard (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo

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Hasson, Mohammed Mujbel, Adil A. Awad, and Mahmoud Najim Al-Jibouri. "Synthesis and Structural Investigation of Some Transition Metals Complexes of Benzimidazolium Bromide." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 3 (2019): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21641.

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The present work involves the synthesis of novel imidazolium salts of bromide in step-wise reactions which are started from preparation of 2,4-dimorpholine-6-(1H-benzimidazole-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (1) in potassium hydroxide and DMF solvent followed by substitution reactions with n-butyl bromide and n-octyl bromide to afford the new ligands names L1 = 1-(2,4-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-3-butyl-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium bromide and L2 = 1-(2,4-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-3-octyl-1Hbenimidazol-3-ium bromide. The new ligands were recrystallized from hot chloroform and the following of reac

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Zolfonoun, Ehsan. "Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique combined with UV–Vis spectrophotometry for determination of zirconium in aqueous samples." Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal 3, no. 03 (2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v3.i03.107.

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Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with UV–Vis spectrophotometry was applied for the determination of zirconium in aqueous samples. In this method a small amount of chloroform as the extraction solvent was dissolved in pure ethanol as the disperser solvent, then the binary solution was rapidly injected by a syringe into the water sample solution containing Zr(IV), xylenol orange and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The formed ion-associate was extracted into the fine chloroform droplets. The detection limit for Zr(IV) was 0.010 µg mL−1. The precision of the method, evaluated as th

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Sari, Ghani Nurfiana Fadma, and Sri Rejeki Handayani. "The Effect Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Propagation Chloroform Fraction of Ocimum sanctum L. Towards Hela Cells Line Culture." Biomedika 13, no. 1 (2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.774.

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Materials used in the research are Ocimum sanctum L, a herbaceous shrub used in traditional medicine displaying as immunomodulator, anti-stress, hepatoprotective, kemopreventif, and anti-inflammatory. A research to identify its ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum has been conducted, showing that it possesses cytotoxic activities to HeLa cells with IC50 value of 209µg/ml. The aim of this research is to find out activities cytotoxic and apoptotic propagation chloroform fraction of Ocimum sanctum towards HeLa cells line. The extraction was done using maceration using ethanol 96% solvent and fractio

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