Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bromus tectorum

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Academic literature on the topic 'Bromus tectorum'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bromus tectorum"

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Orr, Matthew R., Ron J. Reuter, and Shanti J. Murphy. "Solarization to control downy brome (Bromus tectorum) for small-scale ecological restoration." Invasive Plant Science and Management 12, no. 02 (April 29, 2019): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2019.8.

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AbstractDowny brome (Bromus tectorum L.) is a common impediment to ecological restoration, because its seedbank remains viable after repeated treatment with herbicides. Soil solarization has been used in ecological restoration to control seedbanks of invasive plants. Here we test the efficacy of soil solarization to reduce B. tectorum cover and establish native plants at a site in B. tectorum’s core invasive range with a long history of disturbance and infestation. Solarization raised soil temperatures by as much as 13 C and reduced B. tectorum densities by approximately 20-fold. In 30 plots solarized for 0 to 101 d, B. tectorum emerged in inverse abundance to treatment duration. Broadleaf weeds were less abundant than B. tectorum before treatment, and diminished under solarization, but their response to solarization was weaker than B. tectorum’s, and they emerged in greater numbers than B. tectorum 2 to 3 yr after treatment. When seeded after solarization, a native perennial bunchgrass, squirreltail [Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey], did not differ in abundance between solarized and control plots. Solarization may facilitate B. tectorum control on a small scale without jeopardizing the establishment of native plants, but only if treatment durations are long and subsequent management of broadleaf weeds and remnant B. tectorum is planned.
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Link, Steven O., Carson W. Keeler, Randal W. Hill, and Eric Hagen. "Bromus tectorum cover mapping and fire risk." International Journal of Wildland Fire 15, no. 1 (2006): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf05001.

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Fire risk in western North America has increased with increasing cover of Bromus tectorum, an invasive alien annual grass. The relationship between B. tectorum cover and fire risk was determined in a historically burned Artemisia tridentata-Poa secunda shrub–steppe community where B. tectorum cover ranged from 5 to 75%. Fire risk ranged from ~46% with an average of 12% B. tectorum cover to 100% when B. tectorum cover was greater than 45% based on prediction confidence limits. Reflectance of the green and red bands of aerial photographs were related to senescent B. tectorum cover to create fine resolution B. tectorum cover and fire risk maps. This assessment technique will allow land managers to prioritize lands for restoration to reduce fire risk in the shrub-steppe.
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Pillay, M. "Genomic organization of ribosomal RNA genes in Bromus (Poaceae)." Genome 39, no. 1 (February 1, 1996): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g96-026.

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Restriction site maps of the rDNA genes of nine Bromus species are described. The rDNA repeat units ranged from 8.2 to 11.1 kbp in length. Intraspecific length variation was observed in the BamHI digestions in three of the nine species. Restriction site variation was observed mainly in the intergenic spacer (IGS) but was also detected in the coding region. A unique KpnI site was present in the IGS of Bromus tectorum and Bromus sericeus (subgenus Stenobromus); in addition, B. sericeus contained an extra EcoRI site. An additional DraI site was observed in the IGS of Bromus trinii (subgenus Neobromus). A BstEII site in the IGS, common to seven of the species, was absent in B. tectorum and B. sericeus. In the coding region, a 2.1-kbp BstEII fragment was present in four subgenera represented by Bromus inermis and Bromus erectus (subgenus Festucaria), Bromus marginatus and Bromus carinatus (subgenus Ceratochloa), B. tectorum and B. sericeus (subgenus Stenobromus), and B. trinii (subgenus Neobromus); a similar fragment of only 1.1 kbp was present in Bromus mollis and Bromus arvensis (subgenus Bromus). An additional BamHI site was present in the coding region of B. erectus. Ribosomal DNA data suggested that B. mollis and B. arvensis (subgenus Bromus) are genetically isolated from the other subgenera, which showed a derived relationship. Restriction site mapping of the rDNA genes could provide useful molecular data for species identification and population and evolutionary studies in Bromus. Key words : Bromus, ribosomal DNA, restriction maps, evolutionary relationships.
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Sales, Fatima. "Taxonomy and nomenclature of Bromus sect. Genea." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 50, no. 1 (March 1993): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600000627.

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A modem re-assessment is given of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the 8(-9) annual taxa within the mainly Mediterranean/SW Asiatic Bromus L. sect. Genea Dum. (Poaceae): B. diandrus Roth var. diandrus, B. diandrus var. rigidus Roth, B. fasciculatus Presl, B. madritensis L., B. rubens L., B. sterilis L., B. tectorum L. subsp. tectorum and B. tectorum subsp. lucidus Sales; less emphasis is given to B. madritensis and B. rubens. None of these taxa has previously been investigated throughout their total areas and the taxonomic conclusions expressed here are a result of a multidisciplinary approach. For reasons of convenience the species are considered in three informal groups based on overall similarities: i, B. sterilis, B. diandrus and B. rigidus, so often recognized as independent species in recent Floras but here regarded as varieties of one species; ii, B. madritensis, B. rubens and B. fasciculatus, with particular attention given to B. fasciculatus; and iii, B. tectorum subsp. tectorum and subsp. lucidus, previously regarded as independent species.
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Rice, Kevin J., and Richard N. Mack. "Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorum." Oecologia 88, no. 1 (1991): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00328406.

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Rice, Kevin J., and Richard N. Mack. "Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorum." Oecologia 88, no. 1 (1991): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00328407.

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Rice, Kevin J., and Richard N. Mack. "Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorum." Oecologia 88, no. 1 (1991): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00328408.

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8

Harvey, Audrey J., Lisa J. Rew, Tim S. Prather, and Jane M. Mangold. "Effects of Elevated Temperature and CO2 Concentration on Seedling Growth of Ventenata dubia (Leers) Coss. and Bromus tectorum L." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): 1718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111718.

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The impacts of climate change are expected to alter the abundance and distribution of invasive annual grasses, such as Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) and Ventenata dubia (Leers) Coss. (ventenata). High temperature extremes will be more frequent and for longer periods, and increased atmospheric CO2 is expected to double even with the most conservative estimates. Climate change draws concern for the potential success of winter annual grasses in arid and semi-arid plant communities. Information on B. tectorum’s growth response to climate change in laboratory and field experiments are available for monocultures; however, more knowledge is needed on the response when growing with other invasive grasses, such as V. dubia. We examined differences in seedling growth for V. dubia and B. tectorum growing alone and with each other under current (4 °C/23 °C at 400 ppm CO2) and elevated (10.6 °C/29.6 °C at 800 ppm CO2) climate conditions. There was one trial per climate scenario with 10 replications per competition type (inter-, intra-specific competition for each species). Bromus tectorum was larger than V. dubia across climate and competition treatments, but contrary to previous studies, both species were smaller in the elevated climate treatment. Ventenata dubia allocated more growth to its roots than B. tectorum across both climate treatments, indicating V. dubia may have a competitive advantage for soil resources now and in the future.
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Speziale, Karina L., Agustina di Virgilio, Maria N. Lescano, Gabriela Pirk, and Jorgelina Franzese. "Synergy between roads and disturbance favour Bromus tectorum L. invasion." PeerJ 6 (August 31, 2018): e5529. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5529.

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Background Global change produces pervasive negative impacts on biodiversity worldwide. Land use change and biological invasions are two of the major drivers of global change that often coexist; however, the effects of their interaction on natural habitats have been little investigated. In particular, we aimed to analyse whether the invasion of an introduced grass (Bromus tectorum; cheatgrass) along roads verges and the disturbance level in the natural surrounding habitat interact to influence the degree of B. tectorum invasion in the latter habitats in north-western Patagonia. Methods Along six different roads, totalling approximately 370 km, we set two 50 m × 2 m sampling plots every 5 km (73 plots in total). One plot was placed parallel to the road (on the roadside) and the other one perpendicular to it, towards the interior of the natural surrounding habitat. In each plot, we estimated the B. tectorum plant density in 1 m2 subplots placed every 5 m. In the natural habitat, we registered the vegetation type (grassy steppe, shrub-steppe, shrubland, and wet-meadow) and the disturbance level (low, intermediate, and high). Disturbance level was visually categorized according to different signs of habitat degradation by anthropogenic use. Results B. tectorum density showed an exponential decay from roadsides towards the interior of natural habitats. The degree of B. tectorum invasion inside natural habitats was positively related to B. tectorum density on roadsides only when the disturbance level was low. Shrub-steppes, grassy steppes and shrublands showed similar mean density of B. tectorum. Wet-meadows had the lowest densities of B. tectorum. Intermediate and highly disturbed environments presented higher B. tectorum density than those areas with low disturbance. Discussion Our study highlights the importance of the interaction between road verges and disturbance levels on B. tectorum invasion in natural habitats surrounding roads of north-western Patagonia, particularly evidencing its significance in the invasion onset. The importance of invasion in road verges depends on disturbance level, with better conserved environments being more resistant to invasion at low levels of B. tectorum density along road verges, but more susceptible to road verges invasion at higher levels of disturbance. All the habitats except wet-meadows were invaded at a similar degree by B. tectorum, which reflects its adaptability to multiple habitat conditions. Overall, our work showed that synergies among global change drivers impact native environments favouring the invasion of B. tectorum.
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UPADHYAYA, MAHESH K., DOUGLAS McILVRIDE, and ROY TURKINGTON. "THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 75. Bromus tectorum L." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 689–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-091.

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Bromus tectorum L. (downy brome), introduced to North America from Europe before 1861, has spread throughout most of the continent. It is present in all Canadian provinces except Newfoundland and is particularly abundant in southwestern Alberta and southern British Columbia. The ubiquitous nature of B. tectorum and its dual role as a serious weed and an important forage have resulted in extensive documentation on various aspects of its biology. Intensive research efforts have been expended in understanding its competitive success, and in implementing management and control practices. This paper reviews and summarizes literature on the biology of B. tectorum.Key words: Bromus tectorum, downy brome, cheatgrass, weed biology
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bromus tectorum"

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Finch, Heather. "The Bromus tectorum-Pyrenophora semeniperda Pathosystem." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4125.

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Variable mortality of Pyrenophora semeniperda--infected Bromus tectorum seeds has been referred to as a "race for survival", stating that seeds that germinate quickly are more likely to escape pathogen-caused mortality. Dormancy status is not the only variable determining outcomes within the Bromus-Pyrenophora pathosystem. Varying temperature and exposure to water may strongly influence germination outcomes of B. tectorum when in the presence of P. semeniperda. Low water potentials characteristic of semi-arid soils are often over-looked in the context of seed pathogens, and are ecologically relevant- especially for plant species that inhabit intermittently dry environments. To adequately characterize the Bromus tectorum-Pyrenophora semeniperda pathosystem, four studies were conducted to address the following questions: (1) do temperature, water potential, and dormancy status influence germination outcomes in the Bromus-Pyrenophora pathosystem, (2) do repeated wetting-drying scenarios influence germination outcomes of infected B. tectorum seeds following dehydration at low water potentials similar to those found in the field (i.e., -4 through -150 MPa), (3) can we accurately characterize the asexual life cycle of P. semeniperda on a dormant B. tectorum seed, determining when infection takes place, and what occurs during disease development in continuously hydrated conditions, and (4) how does disease development of P. semeniperda influence the B. tectorum seed embryo and endosperm. All studies were conducted using dormant and/or non-dormant B. tectorum seeds and an intermediate strain of P. semeniperda. Study one used varying temperatures (5-20°C), and five water potentials (0, -0.5, -1, -1.5, -2 MPa) (achieved using PEG 8000). Inoculated seeds were exposed to low water potentials at various temperatures for 7, 14, 21, or 28 days then re-hydrated for 28 days. In the second study, seeds were incubated at 20°C at four nominal water potentials (-4, -10, -40, or -150 MPa) following 8 or 24 hours of initial hydration. Seeds were dehydrated for 1, 7, 14, or 21 days, then re-hydrated. In study three, inoculated seeds were chemically fixed between days 0 and 21 and viewed with a scanning electron microscope. In the fourth study, infected seeds were frozen with liquid nitrogen following 3, 8, and 14 days of disease development, then cross sectioned longitudinally and laterally prior to chemical fixation. Results indicate that non-dormant seeds escape death by germinating rapidly under favorable conditions, that incubation at low water potentials greatly increases seed mortality, that -10 MPa is near the threshold for full pathogen activity, and at water potentials lower than -40 MPa, P. semeniperda may successfully survive severe dehydration if previous hydration resulting in infection has occurred. SEM images indicate that mycelia penetration occurs within 8-24 hours, and that mycelium may penetrate all opening in the seed (i.e., stomata, cracks). Development of P. semeniperda is shown to cause significant damage to the endosperm and embryo within 8 days. As starch is consumed, the endosperm collapses leaving a hollow middle. The embryo is more resilient, but gradually deforms and deteriorates.
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Elwood, Heather. "Integrated Management of Downy Brome (Bromus Tectorum L.) Infested Rangeland." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2019.

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Invasive weed species are a threat to the health and functionality of many rangeland systems. Downy brome (Bromus tectorum) is an invasive annual grass that affects the productivity of rangelands by decreasing the grazing capacity for livestock as well as altering the wildfire cycle and competing against more desirable vegetation for limited resources.In 2006, an Invasive Plant Management Plan and Environmental Assessment was approved for Dinosaur National Monument, calling for prioritization of invasive species management on high value wildlife habitat, vector areas, and for species with a high ecological impact. The Cub Creek Watershed was identified as a priority for immediate attention due to its high historical, recreational, and environmental significance.This research was another phase of an integrated effort to manage vegetation in the Cub Creek Watershed and surrounding rangelands. Field work at two locations within Dinosaur National Monument was coupled with greenhouse experiments to evaluate chemical and mechanical methods of downy brome seed reduction and control, and to evaluate the response of four weedy grasses to herbicides used in broadleaf weed management practices.
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Fowers, Beth. "Ecologically-Based Manipulation Practices for Managing Bromus tectorum-infested Rangelands." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1019.

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Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is an invasive annual grass common in several semiarid plant communities in the western U.S. B. tectorum presence increases fire frequency and size, reducing species diversity, and leading to annual species-dominated systems with inconsistent livestock forage potential and degraded wildlife habitat value. Most efforts to manage B. tectorum-dominated rangelands have focused on controlling the plant itself rather than addressing the causes of vegetation change. An alternative approach, ecologically-based invasive plant management (EBIPM), identifies treatments that can alter factors associated with the causes of succession, leading to a more desirable vegetation state. This study utilized the EBIPM framework to design a large-scale demonstration project, which implemented a series of manipulation treatments (mowing, prescribed fire, imazapic herbicide, and seeding with perennial species) to suppress B. tectorum and promote desirable species. The treatments were implemented at two semiarid shrubland sites in northwestern Utah. Treatments were evaluated by measuring resident vegetation cover, density, aboveground biomass, and litter and soil seed banks. Herbicide was most effective in reducing B. tectorum cover, density, and biomass, while fire was effective in reducing seed density in the litter seed bank. Treatment interactions were rarely significant; however, by combining fire and herbicide, increased B. tectorum control was achieved. Seedlings of seeded perennial grasses emerged in all treatments; however, establishment by the end of the first growing season was greatest in treatments involving fire. The results of this study indicate that using a decision-making framework to select a series of treatments that alter the causes of succession can improve the management of B. tectroum-dominated rangelands.
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Ricks, Nathan Joseph. "A Metagenomic Approach to Understand Stand Failure in Bromus tectorum." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8549.

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Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) is an invasive annual grass that has colonized large portions of the Intermountain west. Cheatgrass stand failures have been observed throughout the invaded region, the cause of which may be related to the presence of several species of pathogenic fungi in the soil or surface litter. In this study, metagenomics was used to better understand and compare the fungal communities between sites that have and have not experienced stand failure. Samples were taken from the soil and surface litter in Winnemucca, Nevada and Skull Valley, Utah. Results show distinct fungal communities between Winnemucca and Skull Valley, as well as between soil and surface litter. In both the Winnemucca and Skull Valley surface litter, there was an elevated abundance of the endophyte Ramimonilia apicalis in samples that had experienced a stand failure. Winnemucca surface litter stand failure samples had increased abundance of the potential pathogen in the genus Comoclathris while the soils had increased abundance of the known cheatgrass pathogen Epicoccum nigrum. Skull Valley surface litter stand failure samples had increased abundance of the known cheatgrass pathogen Clarireedia capillus-albis while the soils had increased abundance of potential pathogens in the genera Olpidium and Monosporascus.
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Myklebust, May Christin. "The Carbon Cycle of a Semi-arid Grass System, Bromus tectorum." DigitalCommons@USU, 2007. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6617.

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Understanding the carbon cycle of major ecosystems is important in predicting feedback responses of the terrestrial biosphere to climate change. Bromus tectorum dominated ecosystems currently cover 7% of the Great Basin and represents a major land cover type for the region. This study looked at the carbon cycle of a near monoculture field of B. tectorum in southeastern Idaho, USA. A major portion of the study was dedicated to measurement validation because of the disagreement among techniques used to measure net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems . NEE, net photosynthesis, and canopy and soil respiration were quantified for the B. tectorum stand using multiple methods. This allowed for comparisons among measurement techniques and permitted the calculation of a best estimate of NEE. The study found that the eddy covariance technique underestimated NEE at night for the B. tectorum stand and the magnitude of underestimation increased with increasing leaf area index of the plant canopy. Annual NEE estimated by eddy covariance for the year 2005 was over four times lower than the best estimate of -80 g C m-2 yr-1 determined by a combination of methods. Implications are that many studies currently underestimate NEE and productive systems underestimate NEE more than less productive systems.
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Lindon, Heather Lynn. "Genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (L.) (Poaceae) in the Eastern Mediterranean region." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/H_Lindon_042707.pdf.

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Griffith, Alden B. "Global change in a sagebrush ecosystem : Bromus tectorum invasion and precipitation change /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Bair, Necia B. "A hydrothermal after-ripening time model of seed dormancy loss in Bromus tectorum /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd487.pdf.

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Bair, Necia Beck. "A Hydrothermal After-ripening Time Model of Seed Dormancy Loss in Bromus tectorum." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/533.

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After-ripening, the process of seed dormancy loss in dry storage is associated with a decrease in the mean base water potential, one of the parameters of hydrothermal time. The rate of change of the mean base water potential is assumed to be a linear function of temperature above a specific base temperature and as a result can be described by a thermal after-ripening (TAR) time model, an extension of hydrothermal modelling. The thermal requirement for after-ripening is the thermal time necessary for the modelling base water potential of the seed to shift from its original value to its final value. In order to include the effects of water potential on the rate of dormancy loss, a hydrothermal after-ripening (HTAR) time model was developed. Laboratory and field studies were conducted using seeds of Bromus tectorum. These studies identified four important ranges of water potential that influence the rate of dormancy loss. The ranges are identified as follows: seeds experiencing soil water potentials seeds experiencing soil water potentials <-400 MPa do not after-ripen, between -400 MPa and -150 MPa seeds after-ripen as a function of temperature (T) and water potential (Ψ), seeds experiencing water potentials >-150 MPa after-ripen as a linear function of temperature, and somewhere above -40 MPa seeds are too wet to after-ripen. These ranges suggest that specific reaction thresholds associated with non-fully imbibed seeds also apply to the process of after-ripening. The HTAR model for B. tectorum seeds generally improved predictions of dormancy loss in the field under soil conditions that were too dry for TAR alone. Reduced after-ripening rate under extremely dry conditions is ecologically relevant in explaining how seeds may prolong dormancy under high soil temperature conditions.
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Eldon, Desiree Rochelle. "Population Genetic Structure of Bromus tectorum in the American Desert Southwest." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4273.

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Following its introduction to North America in the late nineteenth century, Bromus tectorum L., an inbreeding invasive winter annual grass, has become dominant on millions of hectares of sagebrush steppe habitat throughout Intermountain Western North America. It appears that within the last 30-40 years, B. tectorum has expanded its range southward into the Mojave Desert and also into more climatically extreme salt desert environments. Previous research using microsatellite markers and experimental studies has suggested that lineages found in desert habitats are genetically distinct from those found in the sagebrush-steppe habitat and possess suites of traits that pre-adapt them to these environments. To provide additional support for our hypothesis that desert habitat-specific haplotypes dominate and are widely distributed across warm and salt desert habitats, we genotyped approximately 20 individuals from each of 39 B. tectorum populations from these habitats and adjacent sagebrush steppe habitats using 71 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers. Our data clearly demonstrate that populations throughout the Mojave Desert region, as well as in salt desert habitats further north, are dominated by a small number of closely related SNP haplotypes that belong to the desert clade. In contrast, populations from adjacent environments are largely dominated by haplotypes of the common clade, which is widely distributed throughout the North American sagebrush steppe. Populations across all habitats were usually dominated by 1-2 SNP haplotypes. This suggests that inbreeding B. tectorum lineages can often maintain their genetic integrity. It also explains the strong association between marker fingerprints and suites of adaptive traits in this species.
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Books on the topic "Bromus tectorum"

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Nesse, Philip E. Downy brome, Bromus tectorum L. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1994.

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Barrett, T. R. Invasive species surveying and mapping in the North Cascades National Park: A look at Bromus tectorum. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of the Environment, Western Washington University, 2007.

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Richardson, Jesse Maurice. Studies on the reproductive biology of downy brome (Bromus tectorum). 1985.

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Hendrickson, Paul E. Response of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and Kentucky bluegrass (Pao pratensis) to primisulfuron. 1998.

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Pierson, Elizabeth Ann Kurtz. Limits to the distribution of Bromus tectorum in forests of eastern Washington and northern Idaho. 1988.

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Sheley, Roger Leslie. Life-history, growth and interference of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.). 1993.

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Sheley, Roger Leslie. Life-history, growth and interference of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.). 1993.

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Downs, Janelle Leora. Effects of plant age and soil water deficit on the hydraulic resistance of Bromus tectorum L. 1990.

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Novak, Stephen John. Multiple introduction and founder effects in Bromus tectorum L.: An analysis of Eurasian and North American populations. 1990.

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Munīr, Muhammad. Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) to metribuzin and ethyl metribuzin. 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bromus tectorum"

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Young, James A., and Raymond A. Evans. "Demography of Bromus Tectorum in Artemisia Communities." In The Population Structure of Vegetation, 489–502. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5500-4_20.

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Meyer, Susan E., Julie Beckstead, and JanaLynn Pearce. "Community Ecology of Fungal Pathogens on Bromus tectorum." In Springer Series on Environmental Management, 193–223. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_7.

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Novak, Stephen J., and Richard N. Mack. "Mating System, Introduction and Genetic Diversity of Bromus tectorum in North America, the Most Notorious Product of Evolution Within Bromus Section Genea." In Springer Series on Environmental Management, 99–132. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_4.

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Hufft, Rebecca A., and Tamara J. Zelikova. "Ecological Genetics, Local Adaptation, and Phenotypic Plasticity in Bromus tectorum in the Context of a Changing Climate." In Springer Series on Environmental Management, 133–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_5.

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Reeves, Matt, Inés Ibáñez, Dana Blumenthal, Gang Chen, Qinfeng Guo, Catherine Jarnevich, Jennifer Koch, et al. "Tools and Technologies for Quantifying Spread and Impacts of Invasive Species." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 243–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_11.

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AbstractThe need for tools and technologies for understanding and quantifying invasive species has never been greater. Rates of infestation vary on the species or organism being examined across the United States, and notable examples can be found. For example, from 2001 to 2003 alone, ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality progressed at a rate of 12.97 km year −1 (Siegert et al. 2014), and cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is expected to increase dominance on 14% of Great Basin rangelands (Boyte et al. 2016). The magnitude and scope of problems that invasive species present suggest novel approaches for detection and management are needed, especially those that enable more cost-effective solutions. The advantages of using technologically advanced approaches and tools are numerous, and the quality and quantity of available information can be significantly enhanced by their use. They can also play a key role in development of decision-support systems; they are meant to be integrated with other systems, such as inventory and monitoring, because often the tools are applied after a species of interest has been detected and a threat has been identified. In addition, the inventory systems mentioned in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_10 are regularly used in calibrating and validating models and decision-support systems. For forested areas, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data are most commonly used (e.g., Václavík et al. 2015) given the long history of the program. In non-forested systems, national inventory datasets have not been around as long (see Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_10), but use of these data to calibrate and validate spatial models is growing. These inventory datasets include the National Resources Inventory (NRI) (e.g., Duniway et al. 2012) and the Assessment Inventory and Monitoring program (AIM) (e.g., McCord et al. 2017). Similarly, use of the Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) database is growing as well (e.g., Evangelista et al. 2017). The consistent protocols employed by these programs prove valuable for developing better tools, but the data they afford are generally limited for some tools because the sampling intensity is too low.
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Belnap, Jayne, and Susan K. Sherrod. "Soil amendment effects on the exotic annual grass Bromus tectorum L. and facilitation of its growth by the native perennial grass Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth." In Herbaceous Plant Ecology, 345–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2798-6_29.

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Billings, W. D. "Bromus tectorum, a Biotic Cause of Ecosystem Impoverishment in the Great Basin." In The Earth in Transition, 301–22. Cambridge University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511529917.016.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bromus tectorum"

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Shafer, David S., David DuBois, Vic Etyemezian, Ilias Kavouras, Julianne J. Miller, George Nikolich, and Mark Stone. "Fire as a Long-Term Stewardship Issue for Soils Contaminated With Radionuclides in the Western U.S." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7181.

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On both U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and U.S. Department of Defense sites in the southwestern United States (U.S.), significant areas of surface soils are contaminated with radionuclides from atmospheric nuclear testing, and with depleted uranium, primarily from military training. At DOE sites in Nevada, the proposed regulatory closure strategy for most sites is to leave contaminants in place with administrative controls and periodic monitoring. Closure-in-place is considered an acceptable strategy because the contaminated sites exist on access-restricted facilities, decreasing the potential risk to public receptor, the high cost and feasibility of excavating contaminated soils over large areas, and the environmental impacts of excavating desert soils that recover very slowly from disturbance. The largest of the contaminated sites on the Tonopah Test Range in Nevada covers over 1,200 hectares. However, a factor that has not been fully investigated in the long-term stewardship of these sites is the potential effects of fires. Because of the long half-lives of some of the contaminants (e.g., 24,100 years for 239Pu) and changes in land-cover and climatic factors that are increasing the frequency of fires throughout the western U.S., it should be assumed that all of these sites will eventually burn, possibly multiple times, during the timeframe when they still pose a risk. Two primary factors are contributing to increased fire frequency. The first is the spread of invasive grasses, particularly cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum and Bromus rubens), which have out-competed native annuals and invaded interspaces between shrubs, allowing fires to burn easier. The second is a sharp increase in fire frequency and size throughout the western U.S. beginning in the mid-1980s. This second factor appears to correlate with an increase in average spring and summer temperatures, which may be contributing to earlier loss of soil moisture and longer periods of dry plant biomass (particularly from annual plants). The potential risk to site workers from convective heat dispersion of radionuclide contaminants is an immediate concern during a fire. Long-term, post-fire concerns include potential changes in windblown suspension properties of contaminated soil particles after fires because of loss of vegetation cover and changes in soil properties, and soil erosion from surface water runoff and fluvial processes.
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