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Journal articles on the topic 'Bronze Age City'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Shanshashvili, Nino, and Goderdzi Narimanishvili. "Early Bronze Age settlement from ancient city Samshvilde." ARAMAZD: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies 16, no. 1-2 (2022): 390–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/ajnes.v16i1-2.1840.

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A settlement of the Kura-Araxes culture was discovered on the territory of the ancient city of Samshvilde. Houses of the Early Bronze Age were excavated west of the Temple of Sioni of Samshvilde in of 50-70 m. The houses are damaged by pits and walls of the medieval era. The walls of the houses are so fragmented that the plan of housing is difficult to determine. In the northern part of the excavation site, only a small part of a stone wall and a shelf have survived. Both of these structures are built of basalt stones. The shelf was covered with a clay solution. On the shelf were placed grain

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Thalmann, Jean-Paul. "Tell Arqa: A Prosperous City during the Bronze Age." Near Eastern Archaeology 73, no. 2-3 (2010): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/nea25754039.

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3

Greener, Aaron. "Archaeology and Religion in Late Bronze Age Canaan." Religions 10, no. 4 (2019): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10040258.

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Dozens of temples were excavated in the Canaanite city-states of the Late Bronze Age. These temples were the focal points for the Canaanites’ cultic activities, mainly sacrifices and ceremonial feasting. Numerous poetic and ritual texts from the contemporary city of Ugarit reveal the rich pantheon of Canaanite gods and goddesses which were worshiped by the Canaanites. Archaeological remains of these rites include burnt animal bones and many other cultic items, such as figurines and votive vessels, which were discovered within the temples and sanctuaries. These demonstrate the diverse and recep

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Barjamovic, Gojko, Thomas Chaney, Kerem Coşar, and Ali Hortaçsu. "Trade, Merchants, and the Lost Cities of the Bronze Age*." Quarterly Journal of Economics 134, no. 3 (2019): 1455–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjz009.

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AbstractWe analyze a large data set of commercial records produced by Assyrian merchants in the nineteenth century BCE. Using the information from these records, we estimate a structural gravity model of long-distance trade in the Bronze Age. We use our structural gravity model to locate lost ancient cities. In many cases, our estimates confirm the conjectures of historians who follow different methodologies. In some instances, our estimates confirm one conjecture against others. We also structurally estimate ancient city sizes and offer evidence in support of the hypothesis that large cities

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Wang, Xiaoting, Yingdong Yang, Tianyou Wang, Dian Chen, and Wugan Luo. "How can Archaeological Scientist Integrate the Typological and Stylistic Characteristics with Scientific Results: A Case Study on Bronze Spearheads Unearthed from the Shuangyuan Village, Chengdu City, Southwest China." Current Analytical Chemistry 17, no. 7 (2021): 1044–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411017666210111095416.

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Background: Bronze spears are weapons with unique regional characteristics of the Shu culture, Southwest China in the Bronze Age, which reflect the bronze manufacturing tradition and the utilization of mineral resources of ancestors. Previous studies mainly focused on the classification, the alloy composition, or the production of bronze spearheads of the Shu culture. The purpose of this paper was to make a comprehensive discussion on the Shu culture from the aspects of the relationship between typology and scientific characteristics, the differences in metal raw material selection with the Ba

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Kaniewski, D., E. Paulissen, E. Van Campo, et al. "Late second–early first millennium BC abrupt climate changes in coastal Syria and their possible significance for the history of the Eastern Mediterranean." Quaternary Research 74, no. 2 (2010): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.07.010.

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AbstractThe alluvial deposits near Gibala-Tell Tweini provide a unique record of environmental history and food availability estimates covering the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. The refined pollen-derived climatic proxy suggests that drier climatic conditions occurred in the Mediterranean belt of Syria from the late 13th/early 12th centuries BC to the 9th century BC. This period corresponds with the time frame of the Late Bronze Age collapse and the subsequent Dark Age. The abrupt climate change at the end of the Late Bronze Age caused region-wide crop failures, leading towards socio

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Feldman, Michal, Daniel M. Master, Raffaela A. Bianco, et al. "Ancient DNA sheds light on the genetic origins of early Iron Age Philistines." Science Advances 5, no. 7 (2019): eaax0061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax0061.

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The ancient Mediterranean port city of Ashkelon, identified as “Philistine” during the Iron Age, underwent a marked cultural change between the Late Bronze and the early Iron Age. It has been long debated whether this change was driven by a substantial movement of people, possibly linked to a larger migration of the so-called “Sea Peoples.” Here, we report genome-wide data of 10 Bronze and Iron Age individuals from Ashkelon. We find that the early Iron Age population was genetically distinct due to a European-related admixture. This genetic signal is no longer detectible in the later Iron Age

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8

Boyes, Philip J. "Negotiating Imperialism and Resistance in Late Bronze Age Ugarit: The Rise of Alphabetic Cuneiform." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 29, no. 2 (2018): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774318000471.

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Ugarit was a highly cosmopolitan, multilingual and multiscript city at the intersection of several major Late Bronze Age political and cultural spheres of influence. In the thirteenth centurybc, the city adopted a new alphabetic cuneiform writing system in the local language for certain uses alongside the Akkadian language, script and scribal practices that were standard throughout the Near East. Previous research has seen this as ‘vernacularization’, in response to the city's encounter with Mesopotamian culture. Recent improvements in our understanding of the date of Ugarit's adoption of alph

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Fischer, Peter M., and Teresa Bürge. "The Swedish Jordan Expedition 2014 at Tall Abu al-Kharaz. Preliminary results from areas 12 and 13." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 8 (November 2015): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-08-07.

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In previous seasons excavations have concentrated on the periphery of the city of Tall Abu al-Kharaz, a multi-period tell in the Central Jordan Valley. Tall Abu al-Kharaz flourished from the Early Bronze to Islamic times, from roughly 3200 BC to the 10th century AD. The main object of the field work in 2014 was to investigate the area around the geographical centre of the city (Area 12). Preference was given to further investigation of the Iron Age sequence, i.e. the period from the 12th to the 7th centuries BC (local Phases IX–XV). Another task was to extend the excavations in the northern pa

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Nõmmik, Andres. "Egyptian Control in the Southern Levant and the Late Bronze Age Crisis." STUDIA ANTIQUA ET ARCHAEOLOGICA 28, no. 1 (2022): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saa-2022-28-1-4.

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In the Late Bronze Age, Egypt controlled the city-states of the Southern Levant, even though local rulers maintained partial autonomy. However, the period ended with a crisis that seems to have considerably changed the local power structures along with the disappearance of the Egyptian empire in the region. This paper investigates shows how both Egyptian power and its relatively rapid disappearance worsened the crisis. Three factors are highlighted: Egyptian policy of weakening the defensive capabilities of Levantine city-states, the Egyptians’ demand for different resources and how these two

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Ullén, Inga, and Hubert Hydman. "Bronsåldershästarna från Tågaborg i nytt ljus." Fornvännen 2024, no. 4 (2024): 241–51. https://doi.org/10.62077/odjysu.19qnfi.

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This paper discusses a Bronze Age hoard, found at Tågaborg in 1895, in the city of Helsingborg. The find is regarded as one of the most important from the Early Bronze Age in Sweden, 1500–1300 BC. It includes two small bronze horse sculptures, four spearheads and three axes made from bronze. In 2002 replicas of the horse figurines were made for exhibition purposes, along with a new examination. It turned out that the bronze horse hoofs were designed as deer hooves. Besides, traces on the preserved head of one of the horse figurines showed signs of fitting for antlers, now lost. Considering the

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Beswick, Pauline, M. Ruth Megaw, J. V. S. Megaw, and Peter Northover. "A Decorated Late Iron Age Torc from Dinnington, South Yorkshire." Antiquaries Journal 70, no. 1 (1990): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500070268.

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In August 1984 Mr James Rickett, using a metal detector adjacent to a public footpath in a wood near Dinnington, South Yorkshire, found a bronze torc. Recognizing it as an important find he promptly took it into Sheffield City Museum, Weston Park. Subsequently the landowners, Mr and Mrs J. H. Morrell, generously donated the torc to the Museum (Accession no. SHEFM:1984.515). Later a careful survey was made of the wood by staff of Sheffield City Museums and the South Yorkshire Archaeology Unit.

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Alokhunov, Alisher. "ON THE QUESTION OF EARLY URBAN PLANNING FERGANA VALLEY." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 15, no. 2 (2019): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2019-15-06.

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In Central Asia, in particular, on the territory of Uzbekistan to the Bronze Age,important historical changes took place, such as the emergence of traditions of early urban culture, the emergence and development of the oldest state associations. From an archaeological point of view, this article highlights the emergence of first agricultural settlements in the Ferghana Valley, then urban-type fortresses, and later of the early city-states in the late Bronze and Early Iron Age

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Ralston, Ian. "Ian Alexander George Shepherd." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 139 (November 30, 2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.139.1.8.

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Ian Shepherd, the doyen of the Scottish Local authority archaeologists, and an unrivalled authority on the archaeology and architecture of North-East Scotland and internationally respected Bronze Age specialist, died in his adopted city of Aberdeen at the early age of 58.

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Szentmiklosi, Alexandru, Bernhard S. Heeb, Julia Heeb, Anthony Harding, Rüdiger Krause, and Helmut Becker. "Corneşti-Iarcuri — a Bronze Age town in the Romanian Banat?" Antiquity 85, no. 329 (2011): 819–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00068332.

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A massive Late Bronze Age fortified settlement in Central Europe has been the subject of a new and exemplary investigation by excavation and site survey. This prehistoric enclosure, nearly 6km across, had a complex development, dense occupation and signs of destruction by fire. It can hardly be other than a capital city playing a role in the determinant struggles of its day — weighty and far reaching events of the European continent now being chronicled by archaeology.

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Fischer, Peter M., and Teresa Bürge. "The Swedish Jordan Expedition 2013 at Tall Abu al-Kharaz. Preliminary results from Areas 9, 10 and 11." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 7 (November 2014): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-07-06.

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The Swedish excavations at Tall Abu al-Kharaz, a twelve-hectare tell in the central Jordan Valley, continued in 2013 in order to shed further light on the Iron Age occupation of this city that was first settled around 3200 BC, corresponding to the conventional Early Bronze Age IB. The Iron Age occupation lasted from the 12th century BC until 732 BC, when the city was conquered by the Neo-Assyrians. From 2009 to 2012, excavations in Area 9 revealed an exceptionally well-preserved two-storey compound dating from Iron Age I (local Phase IX), i.e. around 1100 BC. The stone compound was exposed for

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Fischer, Peter M., Teresa Bürge, A. Gustafsson, and J. Azzopardi. "The Swedish Jordan Expedition 2009 and 2010 at Tall Abu al-Kharaz. Preliminary results from the Early Iron Age occupation in Area 9." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 5 (November 2012): 165–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-05-08.

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Tall Abu al-Kharaz, in the central Jordan Valley, was occupied during approximately five millennia. A walled town, which had a dominant position in the Jordan Valley, existed already in the Early Bronze Age IB, viz. before 3050 BC. Walled settlements also flourished at the end of the Middle Bronze Age (around 1600 BC), during the Late Bronze Age (roughly 1500–1200 BC) and throughout the entire Iron Age (roughly 1200–600 BC). It is most likely that Tell Abu al-Kharaz is identical with Jabesh Gilead: this city is mentioned frequently in the Old Testament. During earlier seasons most of the Early

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Kapuran, Aleksandar. "New finds of copper metallurgy during the bronze age in the Timok region (north-east Serbia)." Godišnjak Centra za balkanološka ispitivanja, no. 48 (January 6, 2022): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/godisnjak.cbi.anubih-48.118.

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Over the last 7 years a series of discoveries were made at Banjsko Polje near the city of Bor, the largest copper exploitation center in south-eastern Serbia, which prove that in the Bronze Age copper metallurgy intensified on this territory. Besides the remains of two metallurgical kilns, a large quantity of ceramics and slag was discovered from the same context. The types of slag indicate a complex process of extracting copper from sulfide ore of the Timok eruptive basin, where the first absolute date established for the Bronze Age on this territory contributed to a change in the archeologic

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Kennedy, Titus. "The Bronze Age Destruction of Jericho, Archaeology, and the Book of Joshua." Religions 14, no. 6 (2023): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14060796.

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The ancient city of Jericho, located at the archaeological site of Tell es-Sultan west of the Jordan River and adjacent to the Ein es-Sultan spring on the edge of modern Jericho, has often been associated with the biblical city of Jericho and the story found in the book of Joshua. The identification of Jericho with Tell es-Sultan is not disputed, and numerous excavation teams have affirmed Tell es-Sultan as Jericho. While excavations have also uncovered the fiery destruction of a walled city at Jericho, the date of the fall of Bronze Age Jericho and the association of this destruction with the

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Inoue, Hiroko, Alexis Álvarez, Eugene N. Anderson, et al. "Urban Scale Shifts since the Bronze Age: Upsweeps, Collapses, and Semiperipheral Development." Social Science History 39, no. 2 (2015): 175–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.50.

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This is a study of the growth and decline of cities for the purpose of identifying those events in which they significantly increased in size. Significant changes in the scale of cities are important for understanding the long-term trend toward more complex and hierarchical human societies. We report the results of an inventory of cycles, upsweeps, and collapses of settlements in five separate interpolity systems. Upsweeps are instances in which the largest settlement in a world system significantly increases in size. Collapses occur when the size of the largest settlement greatly decreases an

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Goroshnikov, Andrei, Zoya Goroshnikova, Tatiana Smekalova, and Anna Antipenko. "The Composition of the Alloy of Metal Objects from the Excavations of the Late Bronze Age Settlement of Bagay 1 in the North-Western Crimea." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 2 (April 25, 2023): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp232319336.

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The Late Bronze Age settlement Bagai 1 is located on the left bank of the Bagai ravine, which flows into one of the largest lakes in the Crimea, Sasyk-Sivash, near the city of Yevpatoria. In the northern part of the settlement, excavations were carried out by the expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in connection with the construction of the Yevpatoria branch of the Tavrida highway. The article examines the results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of the alloy composition of metal finds from the excavations. It turned out that all studied items of the Late

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Garfinkel, Yosef. "Iron Age Towers and the Middle Bronze Age Fortifications of Lachish: A Replay to Vaknin et al.’s Archaeomagnetic Study." Jerusalem Journal of Archaeology 6 (2024): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52486/01.00006.3.

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A recent article presenting the results of paleomagnetic dating conducted at Tell ed-Duweir (ancient Lachish) indicates that a burnt Iron Age tower was destroyed by Sennacherib in 701 BCE, verifying earlier observations that are not under debate. However, the article’s caption suggests that the 2 km-long stone fortification dubbed the Revetment or the Mid-slope City Wall should also be dated to the Iron Age. However, this claim ignores the stratigraphically complicated relationship between the tower and the Mid-Slope City Wall and the date of the city wall itself, questions that are examined i

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Schwartz, Glenn M., Christopher D. Brinker, Andrew T. Creekmore, Marian H. Feldman, Alexia Smith, and Jill A. Weber. "EXCAVATIONS AT KURD QABURSTAN, A SECOND MILLENNIUMb.c. URBAN SITE ON THE ERBIL PLAIN." Iraq 79 (May 4, 2017): 213–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/irq.2017.2.

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Excavations at the 109 hectare site of Kurd Qaburstan on the Erbil plain in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq were conducted by the Johns Hopkins University in 2013 and 2014. The Middle Bronze Age (Old Babylonian period) is the main period of occupation evident on the site, and the project therefore aims to study the character of a north Mesopotamian urban centre of the early second millenniumb.c. On the high mound, excavations revealed three phases of Mittani (Late Bronze) period occupation, including evidence of elite residential architecture. On the low mound and the south slope of the high moun

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Lowther, Jessica. "A Peek at Prehistoric Paisley: Early Bronze Age Evidence from Wellmeadow Street." Scottish Archaeological Journal 45, no. 1 (2023): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/saj.2023.0185.

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Minor archaeological works completed at Wellmeadow Street, Paisley between 2017 and 2018 have identified evidence of prehistoric activity in the centre of the city. Comprising a single prehistoric feature and a shafthole stone, the finds from these works demonstrate the importance of archaeological mitigation, even in areas of low expectation.

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Berecki, Sándor, and Sándor-József Sztáncsuj. "The Cooper Age Settlement from Târgu Mureș–Shopping City." MARISIA Archaeologia Historia Patrimonium 2023, no. 5 (2025): 7–32. https://doi.org/10.63509/mrsahp.2023.5.01.

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During the construction of the Shopping City Mall in Târgu Mureş in 2018, traces of a prehistoric settlement were found. The Mureş County Museum carried out a rescue excavation in the area. Based on the observations made during the research and the material collected, the settlement can be attributed to the Ariuşd cultural group of the Early Copper Age. In the excavated area, traces of at least four surface dwellings and several pits belonging to the settlement were discovered. The vast majority of the collected material is made up of ceramics, wattle and daub fragments of houses, a few burnt

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Wild, Eva M., Peter M. Fischer, Peter Steier, and Teresa Bürge. "14C-Dating of the Late Bronze Age City of Hala Sultan Tekke, Cyprus: Status Report." Radiocarbon 61, no. 5 (2019): 1253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2019.75.

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ABSTRACTHala Sultan Tekke is a large Bronze Age city located on the southeastern littoral of Cyprus. The city flourished from approximately 1650 BC to 1150 BC according to the archaeological evidence. Since 2010, Swedish excavations have exposed four new city quarters (CQ1–4) with three occupational phases, the 14C dating of which is of highest importance also for other contemporaneous cultures. The finds demonstrate vast intercultural connections in the Mediterranean and even with southern Scandinavia. In 2014, roughly 500 m to the east of CQ1, one of the richest cemeteries on the island was

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Paz, Sarit, and Raphael Greenberg. "Conceiving the City: Streets and Incipient Urbanism at Early Bronze Age Bet Yerah." Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 29, no. 2 (2016): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jmea.v29i2.32572.

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López-Ruiz, Carolina. "Sacrifice and the City : Administration and Religion in the Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age." ASDIWAL. Revue genevoise d'anthropologie et d'histoire des religions 8, no. 1 (2013): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/asdi.2013.996.

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Gregori, Barbara. "“THREE-ENTRANCE” CITY-GATES OF THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE IN SYRIA AND PALESTINE." Levant 18, no. 1 (1986): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/lev.1986.18.1.83.

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Indino, Lorenzo. "INNOVATION IN HYDRAULIC INSTALLATIONS: THE CASE OF UGARIT." Vicino Oriente 28 (2024): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.53131/vo2724-587x2024_27.

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The study focuses on identifying the diverseand numerous water systems in the ancient city of Ugarit during the second half of the 2ndmillennium BC (Late Bronze Age I-II/1600-1200 BC),in order toproduce a typological subdivision that highlights innovations in the hydraulic technology

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Dönmez, Şevket. "Sinop Province in the Second Millennium B.C. (In the Light of New Archaeological Evidence)." Belleten 68, no. 251 (2004): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2004.29.

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During the 1980s Archaeological research began to be carried out in Sinop Province. Until that time, it was an unexplored part of Anatolia (terra incognita) but since research efforts began our knowledge of the 2nd Millennium BC in Sinop Province has increased. M.A. Işın and İ. Tatlıcan conducted one of the most effective surveys in this province. In addition to the surveys, I was invited to the Boyabat-Kovuklukaya rescue excavation led by Musa Özcan, the current director of Sinop Museum. I was given responsibility for Trench 5 where we found a building with a substructure built from flat ston

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Moloney, Colm, and John A. Lawson. "Excavations at Maybury Park, Edinburgh (1990–2)." Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports, no. 23 (2006): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/issn.2056-7421.2006.23.1-39.

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This paper presents the results of a series of excavations carried out by the City of Edinburgh Council Archaeology Service between 1990 and 1992 in advance of the Edinburgh Park development (NGR: NT 178 720). Following a programme of test excavations, seven areas were opened up for excavation. Three of these contained significant archaeology dating to the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages. The main findings included a Neolithic trackway, evidence for Bronze Age settlement and a large stone-built structure dating to the beginning of the 1st millennium AD.

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Turri, Luigi. "Enslaved People in an Ancient Syrian City." Journal of Global Slavery 3, no. 1-2 (2018): 68–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00301005.

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Abstract The cuneiform documents found at Tell Atchana, a site on the River Orontes not far from modern city of Antakya, are of pivotal importance for our knowledge of western Syrian society during the Middle and Late Bronze Age. These tablets from ancient Alalakh provide data relating to the city’s daily life and its social structure and administration. Compared to the large amount of information regarding free citizens, the material concerning slave laborers and menial workers—which is the topic of this article—is scanty and not always easy to interpret, for both the public and private secto

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Androniki, Mastoraki. "Παλαιολιθική εγκατάσταση–Νεολιθικός οικισμός–Πόλη της Εποχής του Χαλκού". Archive 12 (6 грудня 2016): 19–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4488452.

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Paleolithic is characterized by unstable climatic conditions and the consecutive existence of nomadic hunters-gatherers. On the contrary, Neolithic era in Helladic - Aegean area it is characterized by stabilization of climatic conditions, a fact that favors the organization of settlements of permanent character, with economy supported by systematic agricultural exploitation, the  livestock-farming, the exchange of raw materials and products and the production of  ceramics. During Bronze Age take place important changes and realignments, which are focused mainly in the gradual spread

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Kofel, Dominika, Teresa Bürge, and Peter M. Fischer. "Crops and food choices at the Late Bronze Age city of Hala Sultan Tekke." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 36 (April 2021): 102827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102827.

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Nigro, Lorenzo. "Khirbet al-Batrawy: an Early Bronze Age city at the fringes of the desert." Syria, no. 90 (January 1, 2013): 189–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/syria.1790.

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Fischer, Peter M. "The Occupational History of the Bronze Age Harbour City of Hala Sultan Tekke, Cyprus." Ägypten und Levante 29 (2020): 188–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/aeundl29s188.

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Fischer, Peter M. "The Occupational History of the Bronze Age Harbour City of Hala Sultan Tekke, Cyprus." Ägypten und Levante 29 (2020): 189–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/aeundl29s189.

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Fischer, Peter M. "The Occupational History of the Bronze Age Harbour City of Hala Sultan Tekke, Cyprus." Ägypten und Levante 29 (2020): 188–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003b51a9.

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Esse, Douglas. "The Early Bronze Age Citadel and Lower City at Ai (Et-Tell). Joseph Callaway." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 46, no. 2 (1987): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/373237.

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Soar, Katy. "Sects and the city: factional ideologies in representations of performance from Bronze Age Crete." World Archaeology 46, no. 2 (2014): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2014.885850.

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Laughlin, John C. H. "“To the God Who is in Dan”: The Archaeology and History of Biblical Dan." Review & Expositor 106, no. 3 (2009): 323–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003463730910600304.

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This article consists of two foci. First, the archaeological history of Tel Dan as revealed by the longest running excavation ever conducted in Israel will be surveyed. Emphasis will be given to the major periods of known urbanization of the site: The Early Bronze Age; the Middle Bronze Age; and the Iron Age II. The materials dated to Iron Age II will be especially emphasized because they have the most significance for any attempt to understand the city of Dan during the biblical period. The second issue to be discussed is the thorny one of relating biblical texts to archaeological data or vic

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Popovici, S., and E. Kaiser. "A BURIAL MOUND IN THE TOWN OF CIMIŞLIA IN SOUTHERN PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA: RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY OF THE BURIALS." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 39, no. 2 (2021): 270–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2021.02.16.

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The grave mound 8 the in city of Cimişlia, Republic Moldova is located on the first terrace of the Cogвlnic River. Burials from the Eneolithic to the Sarmatian period, a ditch and cult structure have been discovered in it. The relative and absolute dating of the burial series of the Eneolithic — Early Bronze Age is being clarified.

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Steegstra, Hannie. "Malligheden. Een Noord-Franse gietmal in een Nederlands museum." Paleo-aktueel, no. 30 (December 14, 2019): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/pa.30.23-29.

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Saved for Science? (Summary, already written in 2008 by Jay Butler). Especially in northern France, much has been lost in the course of the wars that devastated the area, but much has been saved too. Particularly intriguing among the saved Bronze Age objects are the bronze casting moulds, which in prehistoric times must have been common objects, but which are now scarce because most examples would have been sacrificed to the smith’s ever-ready melting pot. One such object, a finely preserved half-mould for a socketed axe (of the Plainseau family, with slight plastic imitation wings) is in the

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Çevik, Özlem. "The emergence of different social systems in Early Bronze Age Anatolia: urbanisation versus centralisation." Anatolian Studies 57 (December 2007): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154600008553.

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AbstractThe second half of the third millennium BC has generally been accepted as the period in which urbanisation took place in Anatolia. Prominent sites of this period are described by scholars as ‘towns’, ‘town-like settlements’, ‘city-states’ and ‘proto-city-states’. The use of a variety of terms for the same type of site implies that there is no clear consensus on the conceptualisation of this transformational process. It is generally accepted that, from the Neolithic period onwards, Anatolia did not display a great degree of cultural homogeneity, both in terms of material culture and soc

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Dönmez, Şevket. "An Overview of the 2nd Millennium BC and Iron Age Cultures of the Province of Sinop in Light of New Research." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 16, no. 1-2 (2010): 153–540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005711x560354.

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Abstract Archaeological research conducted to date has shown that the earliest settlements in the province of Sinop date to the Late Chalcolithic period. However, despite these Late Chalcolithic period cultural strata, identified during the Kocagöz Höyük and Boyabat-Kovuklukaya excavations, the stone bracelet fragments from Maltepe Höyüğü and potsherds supposedly from Kıran Höyük and Kabalı Höyük (but hitherto unpublished) indicate that the settlement process of the region may have started in the Early Chalcolithic or even Late Neolithic period. In the Early Bronze Age, following the Late Chal

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Hertel, Dieter, and Frank Kolb. "Troy in clearer perspective." Anatolian Studies 53 (December 2003): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3643087.

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AbstractWas late Troy VI a large Anatolian palatial city, a hub for trade, a commercial metropolis or even the centre of a Bronze Age federation of cities (hanse), as the present excavator of Hisarlik, M. Korfmann, has claimed in numerous publications? Several German archaeologists and historians have maintained the opposite and declared Korfmann's view of Troy as unfounded and a fiction. In a recent article in Anatolian Studies (2002: 75–109) D.F. Easton, J.D. Hawkins, and A.G. and E.S. Sherratt state that they share the opinion of the excavator. In reality, they do not defend the above menti

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Lee, chan goo. "A Study of Ancient Characters (宁) and (墉) Discovered in the Xiajiadian Culture in Chifeng Area : Reviewing the possibility of the ‘Gojoseon-character’ used prior to Yin's Oracle bone script". Barun Academy of History 22 (31 жовтня 2024): 29–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55793/jkhc.2024.22.29.

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The purpose of this study was to interpret two characters engraved on a large cauldron made of bronze yan(靑銅甗) from the Toupai site in Chifeng City(赤峰市), which was excavated from the Xiajiadian Culture(夏家店下層文化), and to examine the possibility that these characters are ‘Gojoseon-character’ used before the oracle bone inscriptions. The two characters discovered are and . These characters are called ‘Bronze Inscriptions’ and their format corresponds to characters engraved on bronze during the Bronze Age. However, the form of the characters is different from the bronze characters of Yin (殷) and Zh

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Wicks, Yasmina. "Production and Mortuary Consumption of Copper-Base Materials at Susa in the Early to Middle Bronze Age Transition." Old World: Journal of Ancient Africa and Eurasia 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26670755-20230001.

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Abstract At the critical junction of the Early and Middle Bronze Ages, marked by the fall of the Ur iii polity, the city of Susa in today’s southwest Iran left Mesopotamian control and became the lowland seat of the Shimashki and then Sukkalmah dynasts of the Zagros mountains, who elevated Elam as a significant power on the dynamic early Middle Bronze Age Near Eastern geopolitical stage. This transition ushered in new political, economic, and social conditions, which this paper argues can be detected in Susa’s mortuary record, particularly in the consumption of copper-base materials. A compari

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PILIPOSYAN, A. S. "METSAMOR - AN ANCIENT CITY OF THE BRONZE AND IRON AGE ON THE TERRITORY OF ARMENIA." History and Modern Perspectives 6, no. 1 (2024): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2658-4654-2024-6-1-119-126.

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The article presents the results of many years of excavations of the citadel, urban quarters and necropolis of the Bronze and Iron Age (second half of the 4th - first half of the 1st mil BC) archaeological site of Metsamor, located in the Ararat Valley of Armenia. The artifacts of this multi-layer monument are of certain importance for comprehensive reconstructions of the military-political, socio-economic and ethno-cultural processes that took place in the territory of Asia Minor, the Levant, the Iranian Plateau and the Armenian Highlands, especially in the middle and end of the 2nd mil BC, a

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