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Journal articles on the topic 'Bronze powder xrd analysis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pavlova, Svetlana S. "The relationship of dispersion and properties of powder materials on the example of titanium oxide bronze." Yugra State University Bulletin 18, no. 2 (2022): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18822/byusu20220230-35.

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The subject of this work is oxide potassium-titanium bronzes. The purpose of the work: to establish the relationship between the dispersion of samples of oxide potassium-titanium bronze and its physicochemical properties. Synthesis methods: self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), mechanosynthesis. Research methods used in the work: X-ray phase analysis (XRF), optical method for determining particle size, four-probe method for determining electrical conductivity, thermal analysis, method for determining chemical resistance. Results of the study: particle sizes were

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2

Kahtan, M. S., and Rahmat Azmi. "The Factors Affecting the Swelling of W–Bronze Composite System at Different Sintering Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.470.

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During sintering of Wbronze metal matrix composites, the difference in the interdiffusuion path, sintering atmosphere and alloying element might be the source of the swelling phenomenon. In this study, the factors lead to swelling of Wbronze sintered compacts were investigated. To achieve this goal, two swelled groupes of Wbronze sintered compacts were examined. The first group was compacts of ball milled powder with activator additions and the second group was compacts of ball milled powder infiltrated by bronze melt. The latter type showed the severest level of swelling. Sintered density mea

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3

Romański, A., T. Tokarski, and D. Tyrała. "Sintered Fe-Ni-Cu-Sn-C Alloys Made of Ball-Milled Powders." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 3 (2014): 947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0159.

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Abstract The main objective of this paper was to perform sinterability studies of ball-milled Fe-12%Ni-6.4%Cu-1.6%Sn-0.6%C powders. A mixture of precisely weighed amounts of elemental iron, nickel and graphite, and pre-alloyed 80/20 bronze powders was ball-milled for 8, 30 and 120 hours. After cold-pressing at 400 MPa the specimens were sintered at 900oC for 30 minutes in a reducing atmosphere and subsequently tested for density and hardness as well as subjected to structural studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The obtained results showed that

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4

Cadden, Thomas, Sudipta Roy, and Edward Brightman. "Hydrothermally Enhanced Tungsten-Tungsten Bronze (W-M_xWO₃) Electrodes for Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 22 (2022): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0222942mtgabs.

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Hexagonal tungsten bronzes (h-MxWO3) are an emergent class of pseudocapacitive energy storage material: a metastable phase arranged in a hexagonal crystal structure that enhances the oxide’s rapid intercalation mechanism with impressive capacitances of over 200 F/g and excellent cyclability figures reported. A symmetrical pseudocapacitive device composed of h-MxWO3 electrodes negates the need for expensive and problematic rare minerals such as cobalt and lithium instead using low-cost tungsten whilst offering more efficient high-rate energy storage than commercial lithium-ion batteries. Hexago

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Thummavichai, Kunyapat, Le Anh Thi, Swee-Yong Pung, et al. "Sodium Tungsten Oxide Bronze Nanowires Bundles in Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye under UV and Visible Light Exposure." Energies 14, no. 5 (2021): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051322.

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This paper describes the analysis and characterization of NayWOx bronze nanowires bundles and evaluation of their effective adsorption of methylene blue dye (MB). The Na-doped WOx bronze nanowires bundles were first synthesized via a simple solvothermal method, which were then fully characterized by using different techniques including TEM, XRD, XPS and UV-Vis, to validate the successful Na+ insertion into the WOx framework. The adsorption activities of the resulting NayWOx bronze nanowires bundles, compared with the undoped WOx form, were investigated by evaluating the adsorption effect on me

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Molodin, Vyacheslav Ivanovich, and Ludmila Nikolaevna Mylnikova. "THEORY AND PRACTICE OF RESEARCH ANCIENT CERAMICS: TRADITIONAL AND THE LATEST METHODS." Samara Journal of Science 4, no. 3 (2015): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20153211.

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Presents traditional and new methods of studying ancient pottery. Stressed that in the world literature there is practically no standard (or at least consistent) approach to the study of ancient ceramics samples using the methods of the natural sciences. Was marked severities and shortcomings and the main is: lack of access for archaeologists to use physical and chemical methods; unsystematic and randomness of the results; the inability to compare results. Lack of specialists among archaeologists and weak interest natural scientists led to the fact that have not yet been generalized instructio

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7

Yang, Qi, Shun Huang, Jin Tian Chen, Guang Zhi He, and Guo Zheng Yan. "The Preparation of Aluminum-Bronze/Steel Duplex Metal by Loose Sintering." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.160.

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Aluminum-bronze/steel duplex metal has been prepared by aluminum-bronze powder whose compact oxide film was removed by dilute HCl solution before sintering. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDS), density measurement and compression shear strength test were used to investigate the structure, composition, relative density and bond strength of aluminum-bronze/steel duplex metal. The results show: liquid phase could wet the aluminum-bronze powder washed by acid, improve sintering activity of the powder and increase bond strength of aluminum-bronze/steel interface. Th

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Liu, Jing Xiao, Xiao Jie Wang, Fei Shi, et al. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cesium Tungsten Bronze and its Heat Insulation Properties." Advanced Materials Research 531 (June 2012): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.531.235.

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Using sodium tungstate and cesium carbonate as raw materials, cesium tungsten bronze (CsxWO3) powders were synthesized by low temperature hydrothermal reaction with citric acid as the reducing agent. The CsxWO3 films were prepared on glass using polyvinyl alcohol solution as dispersing agent. The microstructure and morphology of CsxWO3 powders were characterized by XRD and SEM, and the optical spectra and heat insulation properties of CsxWO3 powder and films were investigated. The results indicate that the synthesized cesium tungsten bronze powders have hexagonal Cs0.32WO3 crystal structure. T

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Musurzaeva, B. B. "Microstructure and elemental analysis of iron-based powder composite materials." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 66, no. 2 (2023): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2023-2-148-153.

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This paper studies the kinetics of structure formation of an iron-bronze composite containing solid lubricants. Depending on the compacting pressure and sintering temperature, binary and complex phases are detected in the iron-bronze structure. The presence of solid lubricants in the composition of the composite material significantly reduces interaction of the liquid (bronze) and solid (iron) phases during sintering. Talc and graphite, which are heat–resistant at a sintering temperature of 850 – 1150 °C, were used as solid lubricants. The presence of talc, located on the surface of compressed

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Wen, Dongsheng, Ya Xiao, Guangyi Yao, Weiqiang Zhou, Yan Qi, and Shaojun Liu. "Cu-Sn-Pb Alloy Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy and Its Application for Standard Curve Establishment of Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument for Alloy Analysis on Bronze Relics." MRS Advances 2, no. 39-40 (2017): 2095–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.263.

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ABSTRACT One of the most important non-destructive methods for on-site analysis of bronze artifacts is portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF). However, bronze artifacts are usually heterogeneous in composition due to, among other things, the segregation of lead, which is hard to be eliminated through annealing treatments. In the present work, Cu-Sn-Pb alloys with homogenous composition and microstructure is fabricated by powder metallurgy technique. The suitability of the standard curve using Cu-Sn-Pb alloys by powder metallurgy as the standard samples for XRF on the analysis of bronze artifacts is

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Luzan, Sergii, and Vyacheslav Bantkovskiy. "Increasing the anti-friction properties of the surfaces of machine parts through plasma spraying of powder coating PG-19M-01 instead of cast bronze bushing." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI». Series: Automobile and Tractor Construction, no. 1 (October 16, 2023): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-6840.2023.1.05.

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The anti-friction properties of the plasma-sprayed powder coating based on copper PG-19M-01, proposed instead of the cast bronze sleeve made of 05Ts5S5 bronze, used in the coupling of the drive shaft and gear of the T-155 transfer case pumps, were proposed and investigated in the paper. X-ray phase analysis of plasma coatings from PG-19M-01 powder showed that the main phase in the coatings is a solid solution of aluminum in copper. X-ray microspectral analysis established that the composition of the coating is heterogeneous in thickness. The results of the conducted research and field tests sh

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Shan, Lian Wei, Wei Li, Ji Hua Wang, Zhong Li, and Li Min Dong. "Pyroelectric Properties of SBN/BST by Powder-Sol Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.190.

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0.7BaO·0.3SrO·0.3Nb2O5·0.7TiO2 (SBN/BST) composite ceramics werefabricated using a Powder-Sol (P-S) method with Nb2O5fine powder suspended in the barium strontium titanate (abbreviated as BST) solsolution. By X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations, it is found that thetetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) phase and perovskite phase were co-present incompositions. The average grain size of BST and SBN phase is 140 nm and 2.2 μm,respectively. The room temperature relative dielectric constant is 1445 forthis sample measured at 1 kHz and zero bias. In the room temperature, thepyroelectric coefficient o

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13

Shvab, R., E. Hryha, A. M. Tahir, and L. Nyborg. "Copper Bronze Powder Surface Studied by XPS and HR SEM." Powder Metallurgy Progress 16, no. 1 (2016): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pmp-2016-0004.

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Abstract The state of the powder surface represents one of the main interests in the whole cycle of components’ production using powder metallurgy (PM) route. Large specific surface area of the powder in combination with often alloying with oxygen sensitive elements results in oxidation of the powder surface in most of the cases. The information about surface chemistry of the powder is of vital importance for further consolidation and sintering steps. Surface sensitive analytical techniques – X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy combined with

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14

Vázquez-Aguirre, Ian Didiere, Alvaro Torres-Islas, Edna Vázquez-Vélez, Horacio Martínez, Adrián del Pozo-Mares, and Ave María Cotero-Villegas. "Fatty Imidazolines as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Bronze Exposed to Acid Rain." Coatings 14, no. 9 (2024): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091152.

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Acid rain is one of the primary corrosive agents on bronze exposed to the atmosphere. Bronze naturally forms a layer of oxides on its surface called patina, protecting it from corrosion. However, when exposed to acid rain, this layer dissolves, making it necessary to use a corrosion inhibitor or stabilize the patina. This study investigated fatty imidazolines derived from agro-industrial waste bran as a corrosion inhibitor of SAE-62 bronze in simulated acid rain (pH of 4.16 ± 0.1). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curve (PC) measurements were used t

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15

Fu, Xiao Ming. "Submicron Tungsten Carbide Powder Prepared with Ammonium Tungsten Bronze." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.255.

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Submicron tungsten carbide (WC) powder is obtained with ammonium tungsten bronze (ATB). The samples are characterized by laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The analysis confirms that submicron tungsten powder is obtained with ATB through the deoxidation process in the hydrogen gas (Rate of purity: 99.99 %, dew point: -40 °C). And then submicron tungsten powder is carbonized in the hydrogen gas. The volume percent content of submicron WC powder between 0 μm and 1 μm is 83.7 %. Therefore, ATB is advantageous to prepare submicron WC powder via the conventional de

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16

Auechalitanukul, Chiraporn, Ryan C. McCuiston, Benjawan Bunlangsup, Chanattha Naikorn, and Sudachuan Tapanaun. "Properties of Sintered Bronze-Graphite Containing Natural Anhydrite." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.19.

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This study examined the effect of natural anhydrite (CaSO4) powder additions on the microstructure and frictional properties of a 95 Bronze - 5 Graphite composite prepared by a powder metallurgy process. Natural anhydrite powder, ranging in content from 2 to 8 weight percent, was added to a premixed bronze powder composed of copper and tin and mixed, before the graphite was added. The powder mixture was compacted into disc shaped samples under a pressure of 500 MPa. The compacted samples were sintered at 750 °C for 30 minute in a reducing atmosphere. The green and sintered densities of the sam

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17

Wang, Huai Zhi, Zhi Ping Wang, Yang Lu, Ya Fei Li, and Guo Qing Tian. "Study on Friction and Wear Properties of Plasma and Laser Coatings of Aluminium Bronze Powder." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.621.

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Cu-14Al-X alloys was made into powder and then the powder was coated onto the surface of AISI 1045 steel respectively via plasma spraying and laser cladding technologies. Microstructure and phases of the coating were investigated by EPMA, XRD, SEM et al. Friction and wear properties of the two coatings were tested by RFT- friction and wear testing machine. The results indicates that the two coatings all consists of β′, α, K and γ2 phases and the structure of laser cladding is more evenly distributed. Under the condition of boundary lubrication, abrasion mechanism of laser coating remains abras

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Swider, Joseph R. "Powder micro-XRD of small particles." Powder Diffraction 25, no. 1 (2010): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.3308434.

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The increasing use of microanalysis techniques to analyze particles has demanded more rapid phase identification methods for samples in the 10 μm size range. The XRD analysis of such particles is routinely accomplished using a Rigaku combination instrument combined with particle handling methods. Several case studies show the variety of material analysis problems that can be solved with this technique including identification of multiple mineral phases, corrosion components, and paint samples.

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Bakar, M. S. A., Sufizar Ahmad, Hamimah Abdul Rahman, H. Basri, and A. Muchtar. "XRD and EDS Analysis of Composite Cathode Powders LSCF-SDCC-Ag for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (LTSOFC)." Advanced Materials Research 1087 (February 2015): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1087.207.

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X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) analysis has been conducted on composite cathode powder LSCF-SDCC-Ag. Composite cathode powder LSCF-SDCC has been produced using high energy ball milling via wet milling method through calcinations at 750 °C. The calcined LSCF-SDCC powder then was mixed with Ag (3wt%) then pressed become pellets and sintered at 500, 550 and 600 °C. The phase purity of composite cathode powder LSCF-SDCC-Ag was determined via XRD analysis and elements distributions were observed via EDS-mapping. The SrCO3 phase was emerged after the addition of com

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Jiachang, Chen, Chen Liwei, Zhang Liangshuai, Cui xinzhan, and Liu Xin. "Analysis of Mineralization and Disease Characteristics of Bronzes Unearthed in Archaeology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2737, no. 1 (2024): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2737/1/012002.

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Abstract Bronze artifacts unearthed by archaeologists are affected by underground burial environment and other factors, and most of them have different degrees of corrosion. Bronze artifacts unearthed by archaeologists have different degrees of mineralization. Establishing a data analysis database for basic structure and disease analysis of mineralized bronze artifacts is a necessary prerequisite for developing targeted reinforcement materials and realizing accurate protection. Based on the characteristic analysis of the mineralized bronzes, this paper systematically analyzed the mineralizatio

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Drathen, Christina, Kirill Yusenko, and Serena Margadonna. "Structural modulations in multiferroic tetragonal tungsten bronze KxMnxFe1+xF3." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314099471.

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Multiferroic materials showing coupling of the different order parameters (ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, ferroelastic) are interesting not only from a fundamental perspective, but also from a technological point of view, e.g. for to the development of new storage technologies. However, the coexistence of (ferro)magnetism and ferroelectricity is considered a rare phenomenon. Whilst this may be true for perovskite oxides, where emptyd-shells favor the off-centering of ions but counteract magnetism, this intrinsic limitation can be avoided by moving to different structure types, and/or away from

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ROMANOV, ILYA, and ROMAN ZADOROZHNIY. "10.22314/2618-8287-2020-58-4-148-156." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin 4, no. 141 (2020): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2020-58-4-148-156.

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Among the well-known repair technologies for restoring bronze parts, there are practically no technologies using metal powders from non-ferrous metals. Electroerosive dispersion is an energy-efficient process that makes it possible to obtain powdered copper and bronze from machine-building waste with lower costs and environmental impact. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in evaluating the physical and mechanical properties of bronze powders obtained by electroerosive dispersion from machine-building waste, and justifying the possibility of their application in the technologies of repa

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Park, Woon Bae, Jiyong Chung, Jaeyoung Jung, et al. "Classification of crystal structure using a convolutional neural network." IUCrJ 4, no. 4 (2017): 486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205225251700714x.

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A deep machine-learning technique based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) is introduced. It has been used for the classification of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns in terms of crystal system, extinction group and space group. About 150 000 powder XRD patterns were collected and used as input for the CNN with no handcrafted engineering involved, and thereby an appropriate CNN architecture was obtained that allowed determination of the crystal system, extinction group and space group. In sharp contrast with the traditional use of powder XRD pattern analysis, the CNN never treats po

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Islak, S., D. Kir, and H. Çelik. "Investigation of the Usability of Cubic Boron Nitride Cutting Tools as an Alternative to Diamond Cutting Tools for the Aircraft Industry." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 4 (2013): 1119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0135.

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Abstract Diamond and cubic boron nitride (cBN) cutting segments were produced using hot pressing technique for this study to be used in cutting natural stone. cBN grains were added to bronze powder, the chosen matrix, at a rate of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% (according to percentage by weight). Segments were produced under a pressure of 35 MPa, at a sintering temperature of 600°C, over a sintering time of 3 minutes. The cutting properties of the produced segments were determined by cutting Ankara andesite. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) were used to

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Vintaikin, B. Е., A. E. Smirnov, S. Yu Shevchenko, A. A. Drenin, and V. I. Sheykina. "Phase Composition and Structure of the BrX Chromium Bronze Powder." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 1 (106) (February 2023): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2023-1-82-94.

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Methods of the X-ray phase analysis, as well as optical and scanning electron microscopy supplemented by construction of the distribution maps for such chemical elements as oxygen and copper demonstrated presence in the structure of the PR-BrX brand powder made of bronze with the FСС lattice of oxygen-containing phases, i.e., copper oxides (CuO, Cu2O) located along the grain boundaries and on the powder particle surface. Using these methods demonstrated that annealing in the ammonia at a temperature of 450 °C promoted reduction of the oxide phases to the single-phase structure of the initial s

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Shakil, Md Mahbubur R., Tapas Debnath, Claus H. Ruscher, and Altaf Hussain. "Study of Tantalum Substituted Potassium Tungsten Bronzes." Journal of the Bangladesh Chemical Society 25, no. 1 (2012): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v25i1.11770.

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A series of compounds KxTayW1-yO3 with x = 0.30, 0.00 ? y ? 0.30 and x = 0.55, 0.00 ? y ? 0.10 were synthesized by conventional solid-state method. The samples were characterized using XRD and FTIR spectroscopy. X-ray powder patterns reveal that the samples with compositions x = 0.30, y ? 0.30 show hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB) type phase and the samples with x = 0.55, 0.02 ? y ? 0.10 show a mixture of two phases (K-HTB and tetragonal potassium tungsten bronze, K-TTB). The samples of the system, K0.30TayW1-yO3 with 0.00 ? y ? 0.15 shows no significant change in the cell parameters. However,

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Reynaud, Marine, and Montse Casas-Cabanas. "Order and disorder in NMC layered materials: a FAULTS simulation analysis." Powder Diffraction 32, S1 (2017): S213—S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715617000033.

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The program FAULTS has been used to simulate the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD), and electron diffraction (ED) patterns of several structural models for LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2, including different types of ordering of the transition metal (TM) cations in the TM slabs, different amounts of Li+/NiII+ cation mixing and different amounts of stacking faults. The results demonstrate the relevance of the structural information provided by NPD and ED data as compared with XRD to characterize the microstructure of NMC (LiNi1−y-zMnyCozO2) compounds.

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Alvarez, Omar, Carlos Valdés, Arturo Barba, et al. "Wear Resistance Improvement of Copper Alloys Using a Thermochemically Obtained Zinc-Rich Coating." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 9 (2020): 1089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.9.2070.

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It has been developed a thermochemical process that has been applied on copper alloys: brass and bronze, using pure zinc powder, obtaining a zinc-rich wear protective coating. The layers obtained by a diffusion process, on brass (alloy C36000) and bronze specimens (alloy SAE 62), were characterized using a scanning electron microscope, EDAX microanalysis, Vickers microhardness, X-Ray diffraction analysis, and sliding wear test. The chemical analysis showed a layer composition of 62 % Zn and 38 % Cu, on average. The microhardness for thermochemical treated brass was 496HV and 598HV for bronze;

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Alvarez, Omar, Carlos Valdés, Arturo Barba, et al. "Wear Resistance Improvement of Copper Alloys Using a Thermochemically Obtained Zinc-Rich Coating." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, no. 9 (2020): 1089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.9.2070.

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It has been developed a thermochemical process that has been applied on copper alloys: brass and bronze, using pure zinc powder, obtaining a zinc-rich wear protective coating. The layers obtained by a diffusion process, on brass (alloy C36000) and bronze specimens (alloy SAE 62), were characterized using a scanning electron microscope, EDAX microanalysis, Vickers microhardness, X-Ray diffraction analysis, and sliding wear test. The chemical analysis showed a layer composition of 62 % Zn and 38 % Cu, on average. The microhardness for thermochemical treated brass was 496HV and 598HV for bronze;

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Bondarenka, Vladimiras, and R. Sereika. "XPS Study of Sol-Gel Synthesized Vanadium-Titanium-Hydroquinone Oxide Bronze Films." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 54 (July 2015): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.54.201.

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Vanadium-titanium-hydroquinone oxide bronze, V1.67Ti0.33O5±δ /HQ (HQ-hydroquinone), was synthesized by using the sol–gel method. Vanadium pentoxide powder, titanium dihydride, hydrogen peroxide and hydroquinone were used as the starting materials to produce bronze. The composition of the synthesized compound was compared with V1.67Ti0.33O5±δ∙nH2O/HQ xerogel data. The xerogel and bronze were investigated by means of the XPS method. Analysis of the V–O region of XPS spectra showed that vanadium ions in xerogel ocurr in V5+ and V4+ states. In bronze, these ions are in a stable V5+ state. The oxyg

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Bondarenka, Vladimiras, and R. Sereika. "XPS Study of Sol-Gel Synthesized Vanadium-Titanium-Hydroquinone Oxide Bronze Films." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 54 (July 3, 2015): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-7wv7ep.

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Vanadium-titanium-hydroquinone oxide bronze, V1.67Ti0.33O5±δ /HQ (HQ-hydroquinone), was synthesized by using the sol–gel method. Vanadium pentoxide powder, titanium dihydride, hydrogen peroxide and hydroquinone were used as the starting materials to produce bronze. The composition of the synthesized compound was compared with V1.67Ti0.33O5±δ∙nH2O/HQ xerogel data. The xerogel and bronze were investigated by means of the XPS method. Analysis of the V–O region of XPS spectra showed that vanadium ions in xerogel ocurr in V5+ and V4+ states. In bronze, these ions are in a stable V5+ state. The oxyg

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Ju, C., Q. Li, Z. L. Wang, et al. "Reaction mechanism comparison of AlSi-polyester and aluminum bronze/polyester plasma spraying." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, no. 4 (2021): 1411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.164.1411.

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AlSi-polyester seal coatings and aluminum bronze/polyester seal coatings prepared by plasma spraying were used to study their reaction mechanism. The composition of AlSi-polylester and aluminum bronze/polyester powders and coatings were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The powders were analyzed by thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Comparing the powder with the coating, it is found that they have the same phase by X-ray diffraction. Thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis of the powders show that the service temperature should not exceed

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Hernández-Rivera, Efraín, Sean J. Fudger, B. Chad Hornbuckle, Anthony J. Roberts, and Kristopher A. Darling. "Understanding Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stabilization of FeNiZr via Systematic High-Throughput In Situ XRD Analysis." Metals 10, no. 4 (2020): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040482.

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The role of kinetically and thermodynamically driven microstructural evolution on FeNiZr was explored through in situ XRD analysis. A statistical approach based on log-likelihoods and composite link model was used to fit and extract important data from the XRD patterns. Best practices on using the statistical approach to obtained quantitative information from the XRD patterns was presented. It was shown that the alloyed powder used in the current study presents more thermodynamic stability than previously reported ball-milled powders. Based on hardness values, it was shown that mechanical stre

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Taguchi, Takeyoshi. "A new position sensitive area detector for high-speed and high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction analysis." Powder Diffraction 21, no. 2 (2006): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2204063.

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A state-of-art semiconductor technology-based position sensitive area detector, namely D/teX-25, has recently been developed for high-speed and high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of materials. X-ray powder diffraction intensities obtained by a D/teX-25 detector were found to over 50 times higher than those by a conventional scintillation counter. A D/teX-25 detector mounted on a conventional 2 kW XRD system has been used to collect ultrafast XRD data with scanning speeds up to 160°2θ per minute. Ultrahigh-speed XRD is particularly useful for time-resolved dynamical and in-situ s

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Romański, Andrzej, Piotr Matusiewicz, and Elżbieta Cygan-Bączek. "Searching Optimum Self-Brazing Powder Mixtures Intended for Use in Powder Metallurgy Diamond Tools—A Statistical Approach." Materials 18, no. 12 (2025): 2726. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18122726.

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This paper presents a study on optimising self-brazing powder mixtures for powder metallurgy diamond tools, specifically focusing on wire saws used in cutting natural stone. The research aimed to understand the relationship between the chemical composition of powder mixtures and the hardness of the sintered matrix. The experimental process involved the use of various commercially available powders, including carbonyl iron, carbonyl nickel, atomised bronze, atomised copper, and ferrophosphorus. The samples made of different powder mixtures were compacted and sintered and then characterised by d

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Çakmakkaya, Mehmet, İbrahim Mutlu, and Gökmen Başoğlu. "Microstructure Analysis of Brake Pads with Bronze Matrix and Silverberry Seed Powder." Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering 18, no. 3 (2018): 1130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/fmbd.67692.

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Babu, B., J. Chandrasekaran, and S. Balaprabhakaran. "Growth and characterization of hexamethylenetetramine crystals grown from solution." Materials Science-Poland 32, no. 2 (2014): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13536-013-0176-7.

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AbstractOrganic nonlinear optical single crystals of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT; 10 × 10 × 5 mm3) were prepared by crystallization from methanol solution. The grown crystals were subjected to various characterization techniques such as single crystal XRD, powder XRD, UV-Vis and electrical studies. Single crystal XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the grown crystals. Their crystalline nature was also confirmed by powder XRD technique. The optical transmittance property was identified from UV-Vis spectrum. Dielectric measurements were performed as a function of frequency at dif

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Imak, Anil, Musa Kilic, and Ihsan Kirik. "Production of Ni-Co-bronze composites with different tic composition by hot pressing." Science of Sintering, no. 00 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos220404007i.

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Improving microstructural, mechanical, and thermal properties of Ni-Co-Bronze composites is crucial for various applications. In this study, five Ni-Co-Bronze (CuSn) + XTiC (0, 3, 7, 10, and 15 wt.%) composites were produced by using the hot pressing method. The effect of TiC reinforcement rate on each of their microstructure, wear, hardness, and thermal properties was investigated. Within the scope of microstructure analysis, the scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and XRD analysis were employed. Thermal analyses were carried out for thermal differences

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Sun, Hong Fei, Zhan Rui Niu, Can Ming Wang, and Bo Yuan. "Scientific Analysis of an Ancient Bronze Mirror Dating of Han Dynasty." Advanced Materials Research 337 (September 2011): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.337.743.

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A bronze mirror dating of Han-dynasty was studied in this paper. The in-depth structure and the composition of the natural patina and substrate alloy were determined by Electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) observation and EDS cartographies on a cross-section, the mineral composition of patinas were analyzed using XRD. The results show the layer structure of the patina has two obvious layers, and the inner layer ranges from 90µm to 260µm. This bronze mirror is a typical ancient Chinese black mirror Heiqigu, and the formation of high tin layer is due to special surface treatment by the ancients.

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Rasmussen, Svend Erik, Sidsel Grundvig, and Walter L. Friedrich. "Composition of pigments of Santorini frescoes: The Rietveld method as an aid in qualitative phase analysis." Powder Diffraction 19, no. 2 (2004): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1643052.

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Ten fragments of bronze age frescoes from the Greek group of volcanic islands known as Santorini have been examined by powder X-ray diffraction. A qualitative phase analysis based on line positions only was supplemented by the Rietveld method which uses complete diffraction profiles to increase the credibility of the phase analysis.

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Song, Zhiqiang, and Ojiyed Tegus. "The Corrosion Properties of Bronze Alloys in NaCl Solutions." Materials 16, no. 14 (2023): 5144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145144.

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Chloride ions play an important role in the corrosion of bronze through their active reactivity to copper alloys. The corrosion behavior of bronze alloys in NaCl solution was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electrochemical tests, with a special emphasis on the corrosion resistance of the α and δ phases in Cu-20 wt%Sn bronze alloys. The experimental results show that the corrosion current density of Cu-20 wt%Sn bronze alloys increases from 1.1 × 10−7 A/cm2 to 2.7 × 10−6 A/cm2 with the increase in the chloride ion concentration from 10−3 m

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Hubbard, Camden R., and Robert L. Snyder. "RIR - Measurement and Use in Quantitative XRD." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 2 (1988): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600013257.

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AbstractThe Reference Intensity Ratio (RIR) is a general, instrument-independent constant for use in quantitative phase analysis by the X-ray powder diffraction internal standard method. When the reference standard is corundum, RIR is known as I/Ic; These constants are collected in the Powder Diffraction File (1987), can be calculated, and can be measured. Recommended methods for accurate measurement of RIR constants are presented, and methods of using these constants for quantitative analysis are discussed. The numerous, complex constants in Copeland and Bragg's method introduced to account f

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Itagaki, Hirotomo, Taisei Yachi, Hisato Ogiso, et al. "DC Arc Plasma Treatment for Defect Reduction in WC-Co Granulated Powder." Metals 10, no. 7 (2020): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10070975.

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Tungsten carbide–cobalt (WC–Co) agglomerated powder is widely used for additive manufacturing and spray coating, and a reduction in internal gaps in the powder is required to obtain a product of high quality. In this paper, we investigate plasma effects on agglomerated powder when WC–12%Co powder is directly subjected to direct current (DC) arc plasma treatment to reduce gaps in the WC–Co powder. We obtain a plasma-treated powder with reduced gaps among WC particles. Furthermore, plasma-treatment improves the sphericity of the powder particles, due to the spheroidization effect, so that the pe

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Petrov, Ognyan, and Zhivka Yanakieva. "Powder XRD analysis and Rietveld based quantification approaches for proving of moganite in silica natural samples." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 85, no. 2 (2024): 104–7. https://doi.org/10.52215//rev.bgs.2024.85.2.104.

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Powder XRD approaches are applied for proving of moganite in an agate from Lozevo village (Shumen region). Moganite associates with silica minerals – quartz (quartzine and chalcedony), opal-CT and opal-A, all being characteristic for agates. Quartz and moganite display similar structures and thus the powder XRD pattern of moganite significantly overlaps with that of quartz and distinguishing of moganite is difficult. However, some of its diffraction peaks are well observed – with inter-planner spacings (d) 4.43 Å, 3.388 Å, 3.116 Å. The presence of moganite is proved in the agate of study in al

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Ng, Kei Hoa, and Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah. "Preliminary Studies of the Effects of Polyethylene Glycol/Hydroxyapatite Powder-Binder System for 3D Printing Application." Advanced Materials Research 1087 (February 2015): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1087.345.

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The role of binder in powder system has gained its importance lately in 3D printing (3DP) applications. This research aims to investigate the effect of powder system developed from incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) onto hydroxyapatite (HAP) powder for 3D printing application. Simple spray method was used to incorporate mixture of PEG into HAP powder. Raw commercial HAP powder was determined by using particle size analyser. The morphology and crystallinity of raw HAP powder and powder mixture were characterised by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffractive (XRD) ana

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Omar, Halo Dalshad. "The Analysis of Copper-Iron Metallic Mixture by Means of XRD and XRF." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 64 (February 2016): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.64.130.

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The objective of the paper has been given on observations based on studies of the three samples of copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy have been prepared from 3gm mass of copper of 99.9 % purity powder and adding 1gm weight of iron powder and adding 1.5gm weight of iron powder. A discussion about simple and low cost preparation of Cu-Fe alloy by Mini Mill 2 Panalytical and preparation of the sample was rotating at 10 min and in case of grinding samples at high speed 300 rpm. Herzog press Panalytical used to produce pressed powder Cu-Fe alloy. The characters of Cu-Fe particles are depending on their size

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Omar, Halo Dalshad. "The Analysis of Copper-Iron Metallic Mixture by Means of XRD and XRF." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 64 (February 15, 2016): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-tj32k9.

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The objective of the paper has been given on observations based on studies of the three samples of copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy have been prepared from 3gm mass of copper of 99.9 % purity powder and adding 1gm weight of iron powder and adding 1.5gm weight of iron powder. A discussion about simple and low cost preparation of Cu-Fe alloy by Mini Mill 2 Panalytical and preparation of the sample was rotating at 10 min and in case of grinding samples at high speed 300 rpm. Herzog press Panalytical used to produce pressed powder Cu-Fe alloy. The characters of Cu-Fe particles are depending on their size

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Nagler, Stephen E., Alexandru D. Stoica, Grigoreta M. Stoica, et al. "Time-of-Flight Neutron Diffraction (TOF-ND) Analyses of the Composition and Minting of Ancient Judaean “Biblical” Coins." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2019 (March 3, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6164058.

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TOF-ND elastic scattering of thermal neutrons offers some important advantages over X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and metallography for the study of archaeological and numismatic problems. Traditional analytical methods are usually destructive and often probe only the surface. Neutrons deeply penetrate samples, simultaneously giving nondestructive bulk information about the crystal structure, composition, and texture (alignment of crystallites) from which thermomechanical manufacturing processes (e.g., cast, struck, or rolled) may be inferred. An analysis of the metal comp

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Vlase, Dan, Dragos Diaconescu, Victor Bunoiu, et al. "Analytical investigations of adornment pieces from Susani (Timiş County, Romania)." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 141 (June 20, 2020): 1067–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13317980.

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The samples originate from the funerary cache of a cremation burial mound dating from the Late Bronze Age (according to the Reinecke chronological system, Bronze D—Hallstatt A, according to absolute chronology ca. 1200 cal BC), discovered within the Susani-<em>Grămurada de la Jupani</em> mound (Timiș County, Romania). The pieces are sphere-shaped; however, many show signs of fire from the cremation of the buried person/persons. Together with bronze and gold pieces, they were part of composite necklaces and/or bracelets. Complementary techniques were used in the analysis: TG/DTA, FTIR, XR

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Achary, S. N., G. D. Mukherjee, A. K. Tyagi, and B. K. Godwal. "Powder X-ray diffraction data of a new polymorph of HfMo2O8." Powder Diffraction 18, no. 2 (2003): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1536195.

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A new polymorph of HfMo2O8 (β-form) is synthesized under high pressure and high temperature conditions. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data could be explained based on a monoclinic lattice (Space Group: C2/c No. 15) with the unit cell parameters as: a=11.415(3), b=7.906(2), c=7.438(2) Å and β=122.37(2)°, V=566.9(2) Å3. The detailed powder XRD data and analysis are reported herein.

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