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Journal articles on the topic 'Bronzes, Ancient'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Kane, Virginia C., Ma Chengyuan, Hsio-yen Shih, and Tang Bowen. "Ancient Chinese Bronzes." Journal of the American Oriental Society 109, no. 2 (1989): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/604465.

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2

Gamble, Clive. "Ancient bees and bronzes." Nature 344, no. 6262 (1990): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/344120a0.

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3

Feng, Li. "Ancient Reproductions and Calligraphic Variations: Studies of Western Zhou Bronzes with “Identical” Inscriptions." Early China 22 (1997): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800003230.

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Traditional studies of Western Zhou bronze inscriptions have long centered on the issue of dating, but have ignored technical aspects regarding the creation of the inscriptions. In these studies, scholars generally considered bronzes with “identical” inscriptions to have been produced simultaneously. This article demonstrates, with the example of the newly excavated Ke lei and Ke he, that an inscription could be reproduced during the Western Zhou. The Ke lei was cast at the outset of the Zhou dynasty to celebrate the granting of the state of Yan, while the Ke he was probably cast somewhat late

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4

Yang, Yanpeng, Xiaojuan Cao, Yang Li, et al. "Spontaneous Symmetry-Breaking in the Corrosion Transformation of Ancient Bronzes." Minerals 10, no. 8 (2020): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080656.

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In general, during long-term museum conservation, ancient bronzes will generate new corrosion products also called the “secondary corrosion” on the surface of the unearthed “primary corrosion” products due to various environmental conditions. In this paper, the corrosion stages of several ancient Chinese bronzes are characterized by using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectrometer (Raman). It is found that there exist phase transformation relationships in between the “primary corrosion” and t

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5

Pan, Chun Xu, Ling Min Liao, and Ya Li Hu. "Functions and Morphology of Metal Lead Addition to Ancient Chinese Bronzes." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.523.

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The typical morphology of metal lead (Pb) in ancient bronzes made in the Spring-Autumn Warring States Period (770 B.C. –221 B.C.), China, was examined by using electron microscopic techniques. We propose that the main purposes for adding metallic Pb in a large quantity into ancient bronzes such as arrows and ritual vessel-Ding were for increasing weight and economical reasons. SEM observations from the fracture surface of the bronzes revealed that the Pb particle possessed a “hollow–cored bubble” structure, which was formed due to absorbing casting gases during solidification and therefore ind

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6

Lee, Sungwon. "Multiple Implications of Bronzes in Ancient China." DAEGU HISTORICAL REVIEW 140 (August 31, 2020): 245–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17751/dhr.140.245.

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7

Notis, Michael R., and DongNing Wang. "Ancient Chinese Bronze Casting Methods: The Dilemma of Choice." MRS Advances 2, no. 33-34 (2017): 1743–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.298.

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AbstractThe history of the manufacture of the magnificent bronze castings produced in ancient China has been reinterpreted a number of times during the past hundred years or so. These bronzes were first believed to be fabricated by lost wax (cire perdue) casting, but this gave way to a belief that piece mold casting was the dominant, if not the sole method of manufacture from the Shang (1700-1100 BCE) until possibly as late as the Tang dynasty (618-907 CE). This has been reinforced by the finding, a number of years ago, of the Houma piece mold foundry, as well a number of more recent similar f

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8

Shi, Jingsong. "Shang dynasty bronzes and society in southern China: an illustration of complexity and diversity." Chinese Archaeology 20, no. 1 (2020): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2020-0013.

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AbstractThe production and use of bronzes had significant influences on the social developments even the formation of the early states. However, in different areas, the bronzes played different roles. By observing the different characteristics of the bronzes in the Central Plains, the Ganjiang River basin, the Xiangjiang River basin, and the Chengdu Plains, various developments of societies can be revealed. The case studies of these areas can further explain the complex relationships between the bronzes and their societies, as well as the diversity of the patterns of the developments of the an

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9

Li, Bingjie, Xudong Jiang, Yin Tu, Qiang Fu, and Chunxu Pan. "“Inward Growth” Corrosion and Its Growth Mechanism in Ancient Chinese Bronzes." MRS Advances 5, no. 27-28 (2020): 1457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.58.

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ABSTRACTWe divide the corrosion products on ancient bronzes into two categories, i.e., "inward growth" and “outward growth” corrosions. Several selected Chinese ancient bronzes with the "inward growth” corrosion are studied; and their chemical compositions, microstructures and morphologies are characterized systematically. According to the results, it is found that the “inward growth” corrosion can be further divided into three types, i.e., "noble patina", "noble-like patina" and "lamellar peeling patina". We propose that the growth mechanism of the “inward growth” corrosion is that the corros

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10

Wang, Zhongchi, Yang Li, Xudong Jiang, and Chunxu Pan. "Research Progress on Ancient Bronze Corrosion in Different Environments and Using Different Conservation Techniques: A Review." MRS Advances 2, no. 37-38 (2017): 2033–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.222.

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ABSTRACTAncient Chinese bronzes are precious cultural relics. Their surfaces are often severely damaged by dynamic changes in the external environment, both before and after they are unearthed. Therefore, scientific research has been required to preserve these treasures. In recent years, along with the development of modern science and technology, innovative instrumental analytical techniques have become indispensable tools to study corrosion phenomena as well as to evaluate post-excavation conservation techniques. In this paper, we present an overview of bronze corrosion processes in various

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11

Hoffmann, Herbert, and Nigel Konstam. "Casting the Riace Bronzes: Modern Assumptions and Ancient Facts." Oxford Journal of Archaeology 21, no. 2 (2002): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0092.00155.

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12

Rahmouni, K., H. Takenouti, N. Hajjaji, A. Srhiri, and L. Robbiola. "Protection of ancient and historic bronzes by triazole derivatives." Electrochimica Acta 54, no. 22 (2009): 5206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.02.027.

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13

Liao, Lingmin, and Chunxu Pan. "Relationships between microstructures and properties of chinese ancient bronzes." Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 18, no. 3 (2013): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11859-013-0919-7.

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14

Yamazaki, E., S. Nakai, Y. Sahoo, et al. "Feasibility studies of Sn isotope composition for provenancing ancient bronzes." Journal of Archaeological Science 52 (December 2014): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2014.09.014.

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15

Young, M. L., F. Casadio, S. Schnepp, J. Almer, D. R. Haeffner, and D. C. Dunand. "Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and imaging of ancient Chinese bronzes." Applied Physics A 83, no. 2 (2006): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-006-3504-5.

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16

Hingley, Richard. "Esoteric Knowledge? Ancient Bronze Artefacts from Iron Age Contexts." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 75 (2009): 143–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00000335.

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‘Esoteric knowledge is knowledge of the unusual, the exceptional, the extraordinary; knowledge of things that in some way lie beyond the familiar everyday world’ (Helms 1988, 13)This paper explores the ways in which Bronze Age bronze artefacts may, on occasions, have been used in the commemoration of place during the southern British Iron Age. The chronologically-based typological systems adopted by archaeologists indicate that these artefacts occur out of their time as they were already several centuries old when they were buried, but it should not be supposed that Iron Age societies necessar

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17

Emami, M. A., and M. Bigham. "Mechanism of corrosion due to unalloyed copper inclusion in ancient bronzes." Surface Engineering 29, no. 2 (2013): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174329413x13601473753808.

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18

Budd, P., R. Haggerty, A. M. Pollard, B. Scaife, and R. G. Thomas. "Rethinking the quest for provenance." Antiquity 70, no. 267 (1996): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00083034.

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One of the larger — and more expensive — present programmes of study in archaeological science explores the provenance of prehistoric bronzes from the Mediterranean. What are the bases of research? What will the findings tell us about the real place of metal as it moved in the ancient world?

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19

Бровендер, Ю. М. "To the issue of tin bronzes over the area of the Dnieper-Don region in the late bronze age." ВІСНИК СХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ імені Володимира Даля, no. 3(259) (February 18, 2020): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2020-259-3-13-17.

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The paper is devoted to tin ores as an alloying impurity in the bronze production by the ancient population of the Dnieper-Don region in the Late Bronze Age. The eastern and western supply vectors providing the local population with both ore (cassiterite) and its products are considered. The author draws attention to the assumptions of some researchers not confirmed by geological surveys about the possibility of finding tin deposits in the Donbass and Krivoy Rog basin, which could probably have been developed in the Early Metal Age. An opinion was given regarding the production of bronze from

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20

Falsone, Gioacchino. "A Syro-Phoenician Bull-Bowl in Geneva and its Analogue in the British Museum." Anatolian Studies 35 (December 1985): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642879.

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The following discussion begins with a study of a bronze bowl belonging to Monsieur George Ortiz, whose collection of ancient bronzes in Vandoeuvres/Geneva includes a large number of outstanding pieces of Near Eastern art. The bowl was recently acquired in the antiquities market and is said to come from modern Turkey. It is one of the finest and best preserved examples of a particular class of oriental metalwork in repoussé, the so-called Syro-Phoenician “bull-bowls”, which were most probably produced in the Levant in the early first millennium B.C. The main decoration of this class consists o

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21

Ehrlich, Vladimir. "The Most Ancient Tin Bronzes in the North-Western Caucasus. New Data." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 5 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080011449-0.

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22

De Ryck, I., A. Adriaens, and F. Adams. "MICROANALYTICAL METAL TECHNOLOGY STUDY OF ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN BRONZES FROM TELL BEYDAR*." Archaeometry 45, no. 4 (2003): 579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1475-4754.2003.00129.x.

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23

Oudbashi, Omid, and Russell Wanhill. "Long-Term Embrittlement of Ancient Copper and Silver Alloys." Heritage 4, no. 3 (2021): 2287–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030130.

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The manifestations of ancient metals’ embrittlement, cracking and fracture, are challenging problems for restorers and conservators, yet the scientific understanding of these problems is limited. In particular, the study and interpretation of fracture surfaces, fractography, is a minor or non-existent consideration for most archaeometallurgical investigations. This paper presents a survey of fractographic analyses, in combination with the more widely used disciplines of microstructural studies, metallography, and chemical analyses for some Old-World copper alloy (bronzes) and high-silver alloy

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24

Tignor, Robert L. "W. R. Bascom and the Ife bronzes." Africa 60, no. 3 (1990): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160114.

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Opening ParagraphIn 1938 an African building a house in the city of Ife, the cultural capital of the Yorubas and the mythical cradle of Yoruba civilisation, came upon an extraordinary cache of ancient Nigerian bronzes. In all, at least fifteen bronzes were uncovered in 1938 in a compound only 100 yards from the palace of the Oni of Ife. These bronzes were to prove of great historical and artistic significance. Until that time only two other bronzes had been unearthed in the Yoruba area, and one of those had disappeared, leaving Nigeria only a single original and a replica. In the disposition o

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25

Liu, Wei, Mo Li, Na Wu, Siran Liu, and Jianli Chen. "A new application of Fiber optics reflection spectroscopy (FORS): Identification of “bronze disease” induced corrosion products on ancient bronzes." Journal of Cultural Heritage 49 (May 2021): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2021.03.007.

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26

Moorey, P. R. S. "Ancient Persian Metalwork: The Collection of Luristan Bronzes at Medelhavsmuseet. Pat Marino-Hultman." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 59, no. 1 (2000): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/468769.

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27

Ospitali, Francesca, Cristina Chiavari, Carla Martini, Elena Bernardi, Fabrizio Passarini, and Luc Robbiola. "The characterization of Sn‐based corrosion products in ancient bronzes: a Raman approach." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 43, no. 11 (2012): 1596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.4037.

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28

Mackenzie, Colin, and Jenny F. So. "Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, Volume III of Ancient Chines Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections." Artibus Asiae 56, no. 3/4 (1996): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3250124.

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29

Yener, K. Aslihan, and Hadi Özbal. "Tin in the Turkish Taurus mountains: the Bolkardağ mining district." Antiquity 61, no. 232 (1987): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00052029.

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The sources of tin in the ancient Near East have been a long-standing puzzle. Anatolia is a key area, for it has copper in vast quantities, and silver. Since no substantial or workable deposits of tin seemed to exist in Turkey, an external source for tin bronzes in Anatolia has seemed necessary. The new finds reported here change that picture, as they reveal a major source of the metal in the Taurus mountains, on the south coast of Anatolia.

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30

del Chiaro, Mario A., and Richard de Puma. "Etruscan Tomb-Groups. Ancient Pottery and Bronzes in Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History." American Journal of Archaeology 93, no. 1 (1989): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/505413.

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31

De Puma, Richard. "FRANCESCO MARTINETTI AND THE CISTA PASINATI: SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF ANCIENT BRONZES." Source: Notes in the History of Art 20, no. 1 (2000): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/sou.20.1.23206965.

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32

Sarabia-Herrero, F. Javier, Jesús Martín-Gil, and Francisco J. Martín-Gil. "Metallography of ancient bronzes: Study of pre-roman metal technology in the Iberian Peninsula." Materials Characterization 36, no. 4-5 (1996): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1044-5803(96)00067-8.

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33

Fornarini, L., V. Spizzichino, F. Colao, R. Fantoni, and V. Lazic. "Influence of laser wavelength on LIBS diagnostics applied to the analysis of ancient bronzes." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 385, no. 2 (2006): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0300-1.

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34

Spoto, G., E. Ciliberto, G. C. Allen, et al. "Chemical and structural properties of ancient metallic artefacts: multitechnique approach to study of early bronzes." British Corrosion Journal 35, no. 1 (2000): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000705900101501065.

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35

Shilstein, S., A. Berner, Y. Feldman, S. Shalev, and Yu Rosenberg. "Distinguishability between ancient and modern leaded tin bronzes by the composition of their lead inclusions." STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research 5, no. 2 (2019): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2019.1649082.

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36

Papadopoulou, O., J. Novakovic, P. Vassiliou, E. Filippaki, and Y. Bassiakos. "Chemical corrosion by chlorides on ancient-like bronzes and treatment by hydrogen glow discharge plasma." Applied Physics A 113, no. 4 (2013): 981–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7726-z.

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37

Rawson, Jessica. "Ancient Chinese ritual bronzes: the evidence from tombs and hoards of the Shang (c. 1500-1050 BC) and Western Zhou (c. 1050-771 BC) periods." Antiquity 67, no. 257 (1993): 805–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00063808.

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The great cast bronzes of China are today deservedly celebrated for their splendour and sheer size. By looking behind that surface impression, and into the characters of their find-contexts, one can - as for any class of artefact - see behind what they are for us towards what they were in their own time.

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38

Benzonelli, A., I. C. Freestone, and M. Martinón-Torres. "A Better Shade of Black: Effects of Manufacturing Parameters on the Development of Ancient Black Bronzes*." Archaeometry 59, no. 6 (2017): 1034–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/arcm.12299.

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39

CHIAVARI, C., M. DEGLI ESPOSTI, G. L. GARAGNANI, C. MARTINI, and F. OSPITALI. "ANCIENT METALLURGY AT SUMHURAM (SULTANATE OF OMAN): TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF RAISED INSCRIPTIONS ON SOUTH ARABIAN BRONZES." Archaeometry 53, no. 3 (2010): 528–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2010.00541.x.

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40

Figueiredo, Elin, Rui J. C. Silva, M. Fátima Araújo, and Francisco M. Braz Fernandes. "Multifocus Optical Microscopy Applied to the Study of Archaeological Metals." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, no. 5 (2013): 1248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613001608.

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AbstractStudies on cultural metal artifacts can benefit greatly from microscopy techniques. The examination of microstructural features can provide relevant information about ancient manufacturing techniques, as well as about corrosion/degradation processes. In the present work, advantages of the use of multifocus imaging techniques in optical microscopy for the study of archaeological metals are presented. An archaeometallurgical study of a large collection of bronzes demonstrates the possibility of a microstructural study with no need for sample removal, which is a great advantage in the stu

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41

Haubner, Roland, and Susanne Strobl. "The Copper-Arsenic Eutectic and the Cu₃As Phase." Defect and Diffusion Forum 405 (November 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.405.19.

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In ancient bronze ingots Cu3As was observed beside other impurities like Sb. Moreover, the Cu-As bronzes were studied concerning the decrease in As during melting respectively remelting. To verify the microstructure and hardness of the eutectic and Cu3As phase appropriate mixtures were produced by melting pure Cu and As. The eutectic point in the Cu-As system is at 685 °C and 20.8 wt. % As and the Cu3As phase with 29.56 wt. % As melts at 827 °C. In the sample´s core the microstructure is a homogeneous eutectic, but near the surface it becomes hypoeutectic, i.e. an As loss took place. The lamel

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42

Ingo, Gabriel Maria, Irene Calliari, Manuele Dabala, Giuseppe Bultrini, Tilde de Caro, and Gianni Chiozzini. "Microchemical study of the corrosion products on ancient bronzes by means of glow discharge optical emission spectrometry." Surface and Interface Analysis 30, no. 1 (2000): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-9918(200008)30:1<264::aid-sia831>3.0.co;2-l.

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43

Quarta, Gianluca, Lucio Calcagnile, and Massimo Vidale. "Integrating Non-Destructive Ion Beam Analysis Methods and AMS Radiocarbon Dating for the Study of Ancient Bronze Statues." Radiocarbon 54, no. 3-4 (2012): 801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200047457.

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Analytical methods based on particle accelerators are widely used in cultural heritage diagnostics and archaeological sciences from the absolute dating of organic materials by means of radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to the analysis of the elemental composition of a wide range of materials (metals, obsidians, pottery) via ion beam analysis (IBA) techniques. At CEDAD (Centre for Dating and Diagnostics), the accelerator facility of the University of Salento, AMS 14C dating and PIXE (particle-induced X-ray emission)-PIGE (particle-induced gamma-ray emission) compositional analysis

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44

Balliana, Eleonora, Maite Aramendía, Martin Resano, Carlo Barbante, and Frank Vanhaecke. "Copper and tin isotopic analysis of ancient bronzes for archaeological investigation: development and validation of a suitable analytical methodology." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 405, no. 9 (2012): 2973–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6542-1.

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45

Robbiola, Luc, and Richard Portier. "A global approach to the authentication of ancient bronzes based on the characterization of the alloy–patina–environment system." Journal of Cultural Heritage 7, no. 1 (2006): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2005.11.001.

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46

Volpp, Sophie. "The Literary Circulation of Actors in Seventeenth-Century China." Journal of Asian Studies 61, no. 3 (2002): 949–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3096352.

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Actors were luxury goods traded among the elite in late Ming and early Qing China. Not only individual actors but entire troupes were sold, bestowed upon friends, and bequeathed upon relatives. Their circulation served to create and maintain networks of social exchange, in much the same manner as did gifts of fine ceramic ware, calligraphic scrolls, and ancient bronzes. The cultural prestige of the actor as a luxury good, in turn, was predicated on a highly refined discourse of connoisseurship. For example, the theater aficionado Pan Zhiheng's (1556–1622) disquisitions on the art of acting wer

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47

Scott, David A. "New insights on the corrosion of ancient bronzes using X-ray powder diffraction: The importance of paratacamite, sampleite, and connellite." Studies in Conservation 62, no. 7 (2016): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2016.1219466.

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48

Frost, Ray L., Peter A. Williams, Wayde Martens, and J. Theo Kloprogge. "Raman spectroscopy of the polyanionic copper(II) minerals buttgenbachite and connellite: implications for studies of ancient copper objects and bronzes." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 33, no. 9 (2002): 752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.917.

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49

Young, M. L., F. Casadio, S. Schnepp, E. Pearlstein, J. D. Almer, and D. R. Haeffner. "Non-invasive characterization of manufacturing techniques and corrosion of ancient Chinese bronzes and a later replica using synchrotron X-ray diffraction." Applied Physics A 100, no. 3 (2010): 635–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5646-8.

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50

Slaczka, Anna, Sara Creange, and Joosje Van Bennekom. "Nataraja Informed through Text and Technique." Rijksmuseum Bulletin 67, no. 1 (2019): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52476/trb.9714.

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The imposing Chola-period bronze Shiva Nataraja at the Rijksmuseum is a product of the living tradition of metal casting established over a thousand years ago in the region of Tamil Nadu. Purchased in 1935 from a Parisian dealer, it is one of the highlights of the collection belonging to the Royal Asian Art Society in the Netherlands, which is exhibited at the Rijksmuseum. The interdisciplinary study presented here links an art historical investigation of ancient texts and scholarly literature with scientific analysis in an attempt to refine the art historical context and at the same time fles

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