Journal articles: 'Bruce Codex'

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Dillon, John Noël. "CONJECTURES AND CRITICISM IN BOOK 1 OF THECODEX JUSTINIANUS." Classical Quarterly 65, no. 1 (2015): 321–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838814000640.

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Since 2007, a team of American and British ancient historians has been preparing a new translation of theCodex Justinianus. The ‘Codex Project’ was launched by chief editor Bruce W. Frier; the goal of the project is to create the first reliable English translation of theCodex Justinianuson the basis of the standard edition by Paul Krüger. Since 1932, the notoriously unreliable translation by Scott has remained the only one in English. The new translation by the Codex Project should appear soon.

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Bricker, Harvey M., and Victoria R. Bricker. "More on the Mars Table in the Dresden Codex." Latin American Antiquity 8, no. 4 (1997): 384–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/972108.

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The suggestion made early in this century that pages 43b to 45b of the Dresden Codex are concerned with the synodic cycle of the planet Mars was vigorously opposed in mid-century by J. Eric S. Thompson but supported during the last decade by other scholarship, including our own. Thompson’s interpretation, which Bruce Love has recently argued is correct, is certainly of historical interest and value, but it is no longer adequate in light of more recent advances in understanding codical instruments. In particular, it ignores the great importance to the authors of these instruments of the commensuration of calendrical and astronomical cycles. The Mars table is not just a Chac almanac dealing with weather and agriculture.

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Crégheur, Eric. "The Manuscript and the Coptic Text of the Untitled Text of the Bruce Codex." Chronique d'Egypte 92, no. 184 (2017): 397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.cde.5.115214.

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Muehlberger, Ellen. "Preserving the Divine: ατο- Prefixed Generative Terms and the Untitled Treatise in the Bruce Codex". Vigiliae Christianae 65, № 3 (2011): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157007211x543040.

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AbstractIn Greek literature from antiquity, there is a set of terms formed from verbs of origination or generation and prefixed with ατο-, which are represented primarily in three types of literature prior to the fifth century: in the surviving fragments from Numenius, in apologetic histories which incorporate oracular statements about first gods, and in the reports about and examples of Sethian literature. By considering the range of transliterated words in the Coptic Untitled Treatise based upon ατο- prefixed generative terms from Greek, we can discern several of the traditions that underlie this text’s multiple, often competing, narratives about the structure and population of the divine world. Many of those traditions are also recorded in apologetic histories, and comparison with these shows that the Untitled Treatise is an example of a different mode of historical writing, one which is preservationist rather than explicitly persuasive.

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Brendel, Raphael. "Bruce W. Frier (Hg.): The Codex of Justinian. A new annotated translation, with parallel Latin and Greek text." Das Historisch-Politische Buch 66, no. 1 (2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/hpb.66.1.61.

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McFarlane, Doreen M. "YHWH Elohim: A Survey of Occurrences in the Leningrad Codex and their Corresponding Septuagintal Renderings - By Bruce J. Harvey." Reviews in Religion & Theology 19, no. 4 (2012): 463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9418.2012.01115.x.

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Millard, A. R. "YHWH Elohim. A Survey of Occurrences in the Leningrad Codex and their Corresponding Septuagintal Renderings. By BRUCE J. HARVEY." Journal of Theological Studies 64, no. 1 (2013): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jts/flt051.

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8

du Plessis, Paul J. "Bruce W. Frier, ed., The Codex of Justinian: A New Annotated Translation with Parallel Latin and Greek Text, 3 vols., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Pp. clxxxvi + 3176. $750 cloth (ISBN 9780521196826)." Law and History Review 36, no. 2 (2018): 429–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073824801800007x.

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9

Bricker, Victoria R. "The Paris Codex: Handbook for a Maya Priest. Bruce Love, with introduction by George E. Stuart. University of Texas Press, Austin, 1994. xviii + 144 pp., 68 figures, 22 plates, appendix, bibliography, index. $37.50 (cloth)." Latin American Antiquity 6, no. 3 (1995): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971679.

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Delfosse, Nicolas, and Matthew B. Hastings. "Union-Find Decoders For Homological Product Codes." Quantum 5 (March 10, 2021): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-03-10-406.

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Homological product codes are a class of codes that can have improved distance while retaining relatively low stabilizer weight. We show how to build union-find decoders for these codes, using a union-find decoder for one of the codes in the product and a brute force decoder for the other code. We apply this construction to the specific case of the product of a surface code with a small code such as a [[4,2,2]] code, which we call an augmented surface code. The distance of the augmented surface code is the product of the distance of the surface code with that of the small code, and the union-find decoder, with slight modifications, can decode errors up to half the distance. We present numerical simulations, showing that while the threshold of these augmented codes is lower than that of the surface code, the low noise performance is improved.

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11

Zhang, Wen Yuan, and Constantin Christopoulos. "A Discussion on some Key Issues for Seismic Design of Concentrically Braced Frames According to Canadian and Chinese Codes." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.211.

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To gain further insight into the seismic design of concentrically braced frames as defined by the Canadian and Chinese codes, a comparison of the main design requirements contained in each code is carried out in this paper. The comparison emphasizes on the differences existing in these two code provisions, and the reasons behind them. The issues that are examined include the seismic force resisting systems for braced frames, the height restrictions, the force transferred to the beams in chevron configurations, the slenderness ratios of the bracing members, the width-to-thickness ratios of the brace sections, and the influence of brace connections on the columns. Some additional issues that still remain undefined on the seismic response of these systems and some proposals for further studies are also discussed. It is concluded through this comparison that a number of modifications are still required in order to fully implement a capacity design approach of these systems in both codes.

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Grošek, Otokar, Viliam Hromada, and Peter Horák. "A Cipher Based on Prefix Codes." Sensors 21, no. 18 (2021): 6236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186236.

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A prefix code, a P-code, is a code where no codeword is a prefix of another codeword. In this paper, a symmetric cipher based on prefix codes is proposed. The simplicity of the design makes this cipher usable for Internet of Things applications. Our goal is to investigate the security of this cipher. A detailed analysis of the fundamental properties of P-codes shows that the keyspace of the cipher is too large to mount a brute-force attack. Specifically, in this regard we will find bounds on the number of minimal P-codes containing a binary word given in advance. Furthermore, the statistical attack is difficult to mount on such cryptosystem due to the attacker’s lack of information about the actual words used in the substitution mapping. The results of a statistical analysis of possible keys are also presented. It turns out that the distribution of the number of minimal P-codes over all binary words of a fixed length is Gaussian.

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Pfeilschifter, Rene. "Bruce W. Frier (Ed.), The Codex of Justinian. A New Annotated Translation, with Parallel Latin and Greek Text. Based on a Translation by Justice Fred H. Blume. With Contributions by Timothy Kearley. 3 Vols. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2016." Historische Zeitschrift 308, no. 1 (2019): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2019-1027.

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Zetzel, James E. G. "The Codex of Justinian. A New Annotated Translation, with Parallel Latin and Greek Text. Volume 1: Introductory Matter and Books I–III. Volume 2: Books IV–VII. Volume 3: Books VIII–XII ed. by Bruce W. Frier et al." Classical World 111, no. 1 (2017): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/clw.2017.0098.

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15

GUERRINI, ELEONORA, EMMANUELA ORSINI, and MASSIMILIANO SALA. "COMPUTING THE DISTANCE DISTRIBUTION OF SYSTEMATIC NONLINEAR CODES." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 09, no. 02 (2010): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498810003884.

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The most important families of nonlinear codes are systematic. A brute-force check is the only known method to compute their weight distribution and distance distribution. On the other hand, it outputs also all closest word pairs in the code. In the black-box complexity model, the check is optimal among closest-pair algorithms. In this paper, we provide a Gröbner basis technique to compute the weight/distance distribution of any systematic nonlinear code. Also our technique outputs all closest pairs. Unlike the check, our method can be extended to work on code families.

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Spurzem, Rainer. "How to build and use special purpose PC clusters in stellar dynamics." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, no. 14 (2006): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307011209.

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Large scale, direct particle-particle, brute force N-body simulations are required to accurately resolve numerically transport processes of energy and angular momentum due to two-body relaxation, and interactions between supermassive black holes and other particles having a much smaller mass. Direct accurate N-body codes are the widely used tool for such simulations, e.g., NBODY4 or NBODY6 (Aarseth 1999, 2003), see also Harfst et al. (2007) for a less complex code variant, used for benchmarks in this paper. Makino (2002) has presented another direct N-body summation code, which is optimized for a quadratic layout of processor (p required to be a square number).

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Yongkang, Shen, and Wang Zhengzhong. "Seismic Performance Evaluation on Eccentrically Brace Steel Frame by Capacity Spectrum Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 752–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.752.

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According to the seismic demand spectra form the code for seismic design of buildings, seismic performances of eccentrically braced steel frames (EBF) in frequently, fortification and seldom occurred different intensity earthquakes were evaluated by the Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM). The capacity curves derived from base force-top displacement curves of structures subjected to the lateral seismic load of seismic codes were obtained from pushover analysis by applying sap2000 software and transformed to the spectrum curves, seismic performance were evaluated according to the intersection between the seismic demand spectra and the capacity spectrum. Seismic performances of 15 EBFs designed according to the Chinese design codes were evaluated by CSM. The certain ductility and displacement capacity of EBF in accordance with the China corresponding design codes are shown and some reference is suggested.

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Bacila, Carlos Roberto. "O CASO BRUCE MACARTHUR E O FATOR COMUM ENTRE OS SERIAL KILLERS." REVISTA INTERNACIONAL CONSINTER DE DIREITO 9, no. 9 (2019): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19135/revista.consinter.00009.15.

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This work presents an analysis of the case of Toronto’s serial killer Bruce MacArthur, focusing on identifying a common factor among the cases of the most worldwide known series assassins. That is, what would be the main difficulty in investigating and holding those involved more quickly, from the perspective of the thesis of stigmas as second code. A comparison among these serial killers was made, confirming that common rules related to stigmas in fact interfere in the criminal responsibility of the person involved in serious crimes, in a way that if the person has no stigma, he/she has little visibility to criminal investigation and accountability, although strong evidences that he/she may have committed homicides are present. In the end, I present some suggestions in order to avoid the interference of stigmas such as negative second codes.

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19

Ries, Gerhard. "Bruce Wells, The Law of Testimony in the Pentateuchal Codes." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte. Romanistische Abteilung 125, no. 1 (2008): 739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/zrgra.2008.125.1.739.

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Ferdinand, Niyonyungu, Zhao Jianchang, Yang Qiangqiang, Guobing Wang, and Xu Junjie. "Research on Application of Buckling Restrained Braces in Strengthening of Concrete Frame Structures." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 2 (2020): 344–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091475.

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This paper examines the application of BRB in strengthening of reinforced concrete frame structures to meet seismic requirements according to Chinese seismic design code. Elastic response spectrum analysis and nonlinear time history analysis are performed by taking a real engineering example that suffers weak first floor irregularity due to added loads and addition of one floor. With the method of equivalent stiffness and displacement-based design method, buckling restrained brace parameters are deduced and are used to model BRB in ETABS using plastic wen model. Three configurations of buckling restrained braces are studied together with ordinary braces. Under elastic state, the relationship between the required cross section area of BRB and ordinary braces is deduced from the formula of calculating elastic bearing capacity where it is shown that the area of the ordinary braces must be 1.25 times that of BRB for ensuring the same performance. The results show that Inverted V brace configuration demonstrated better performance over single brace and V brace configurations and X brace configuration, although not recommended by Chinese code, is simulated and used in this paper and has demonstrated better performance over other configurations, and the further research on the practical use of this brace is recommended. Also, under action of strong earthquakes, by nonlinear time history analysis, buckling restrained braces demonstrated better performance of strengthening the structure and make it meet the requirement of code. Under this same condition, ordinary braces losses their bearing capacity due to excessive buckling.

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Moorhouse, G. Eric. "Bruck nets, codes, and characters of loops." Designs, Codes and Cryptography 1, no. 1 (1991): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00123956.

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22

Ichwan, M., Milda Gustian, and Novan Rizky Nurjaman. "Implementasi Keyed-Hash Message Authentatication Code Pada Sistem Keamanan Rumah." MIND Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/mindjournal.v1i1.9.

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Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) adalah algoritma untuk menghitung nilai MAC (Message Authentication Code) yang menggunakan Fungsi Hash dikombinasikan dengan sebuah kunci rahasia, Fungsi Hash yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Secure Ha sh Algorithm 256 (SHA256). Nilai MAC digunakan sebagai otentikasi untuk menjamin integritas data dan keaslian pesan. Algoritma ini di implementasikan pada sistem keamanan rumah, dimana pertukaran pesan antara user dan sistem keamanan di otentikasi dengan menggunakan HMAC. Keamanan algoritma HMAC ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pengujian Avalanche effect yang mencapai 87.5% pada fungsi Hash yang digunakan ,dan dibutuhkan waktu sampai 84 tahun untuk serangan Brute force berhasil pada kunci dengan panjang 8 karakter. Kata kunci: keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code, Hash function, Avalanche effect, Brute force attack

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23

Landau, Norma. "Summary Conviction and the Development of the Penal Law." Law and History Review 23, no. 1 (2005): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000000080.

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Bruce Smith's article, “The Presumption of Guilt and the English Law of Theft, 1750–1850,” has a highly intriguing argument. While I do not agree with that argument, it is nonetheless very helpful in identifying questions fundamental to characterization of what Smith terms the “Bloodless Code”—the eighteenth-century laws authorizing summary conviction, laws that, as Smith states, were a striking feature of the Hanoverian legal regime.

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Wang, Xiu Li, Wen Wei Yang, and Lei Zou. "Finite Element Analysis for Unstiffened Overlapped CHS KK-Joints Welded in Different Ways." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.299.

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The question whether hidden weld of unstiffened overlapped CHS (circular hollow sections) KK-joints is welded or un-welded is not clearly mentioned in China's steel structure design codes (GB50017-2003) .This paper mainly analyzes the influence of chord-to-brace diameter ratio β, diameter-to- ply ratio γ and brace-to-chord ply ratio τ to the ultimate bearing capacity of the joints with the hidden weld welded and un-welded. The influence of welded and un-welded hidden welds of the joints on hysteretic behavior under low frequency loading is analyzed , and hysteretic curve of the joints are obtained by the finite element software ANSYS. Side brace or opposite brace of the hidden weld of the joints has little influence on the failure modes and ultimate capacity of the joints. Hysteretic behavior of the joints with the hidden weld un-welded is much better than that of the welded.

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Tremblay, Robert, André Filiatrault, Peter Timler, and Michel Bruneau. "Performance of steel structures during the 1994 Northridge earthquake." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 2 (1995): 338–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-046.

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The performance of concentrically braced steel frames and moment resisting steel frames during the January 17, 1994, Northridge, California, earthquake is examined. Most of the observations made during the reconnaissance visits confirmed the current knowledge on the inelastic response of these structural systems. This permits the anticipation of proper seismic behavior for buildings designed according to the seismic provisions that have been recently introduced in the Canadian building code and standard for steel structures. In some cases, however, the observed damage raised concerns that should be addressed in future investigations or next editions of these codes. Preventing potentially hazardous nonstructural damage, avoiding premature nonductile failures anywhere along the lateral load paths, limiting structural and nonstructural damage due to brace buckling, and accounting for the vertical ground motion are among those issues. Key words: earthquake, seismic, steel, concentrically braced frames, moment resisting frames, weld.

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Karrow, Paul F., Aleksis Dreimanis, and Peter J. Barnett. "A Proposed Diachronic Revision of Late Quaternary Time-Stratigraphic Classification in the Eastern and Northern Great Lakes Area." Quaternary Research 54, no. 1 (2000): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2144.

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A succession of stratigraphic codes (1933, 1961, 1983) has guided attempts to refine classifications and naming of stratigraphic units for Quaternary deposits of the Great Lakes region. The most recent classifications for the late Quaternary of the Lake Michigan lobe (1968) and the eastern Great Lakes (1972) have been widely used, but later work has created the need for revision. An attempt has been made to integrate the two previous classifications following the diachronic system of the 1983 Code of Stratigraphic Nomenclature. A new nomenclature for the higher, more broadly recognized units was presented in 1997. We here present the diachronic nomenclature for finer subdivisions recognized in the eastern and northern Great Lakes. Following the interglacial Sangamon Episode, the three parts of the Wisconsin Episode are further subdivided as follows: the Ontario Subepisode (former Early Wisconsinan) comprises the Greenwood, Willowvale, and Guildwood phases; the Elgin Subepisode (former Middle Wisconsinan) comprises the Port Talbot, Brimley, and Farmdale phases; and the Michigan Subepisode (former Late Wisconsinan) consists of Nissouri, Erie, Port Bruce, Mackinaw, Port Huron, Two Creeks, Onaway, Gribben, Marquette, Abitibi, and Driftwood phases. Succeeding interglacial time to the present is the Hudson Episode.

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Wang, Yu Dong, Elide Nastri, Lucia Tirca, Rosario Montuori, and Vincenzo Piluso. "Comparative Response of Earthquake Resistant CBF Buildings Designed According to Canadian and European Code Provisions." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 1155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.1155.

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In this study, both Canadian and European code provisions for steel concentrically braced frames (CBF) are discussed and issues addressing ductility classes for brace cross-sections, q factor value and brace configurations as covered in Eurocode 8 are presented. From comparison with the Canadian provisions it is concluded that beams and columns of CBFs designed according to Eurocode 8 could be under-design when braces perform in the inelastic range. A prototype 8-storey CBF building with multi-storey X-braces is designed and analysed in agreement with both code provisions. The nonlinear seismic responses are presented in terms of interstorey drift, residual interstorey drift and floor acceleration. It was concluded that both buildings are able to yield similar base shear, show similar floor acceleration while the European building undergoes larger residual interstorey drift.

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Malhotra, Praveen K., Paul E. Senseny, Antonio C. Braga, and Roger L. Allard. "Testing Sprinkler-Pipe Seismic-Brace Components." Earthquake Spectra 19, no. 1 (2003): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1543160.

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The design codes and standards (e.g., UBC, IBC, NFPA-13) estimate the amplitude of the seismic load in sprinkler-pipe braces, but they do not specify the number of cycles for which this load must be resisted by various components of pipe braces. Because the components can fail in low-cycle fatigue, the number of load cycles must be considered in establishing the strength of the brace components. The first part of this study deals with determining the number of cycles for which a component must resist its rated capacity. Strong-motion records from 18 strongly shaken buildings were incorporated into a low-cycle fatigue model to develop a test criterion for measuring the seismic strength of brace components. In the second part of this study, a series of tests were conducted to gain insight into the cyclic behavior of brace components. Finally, a test protocol was established to measure the seismic strength of brace components. With some modifications, the protocol can be applied to many other nonstructural components.

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Wang, Da Peng, and An Lin Yu. "Shear Failure Behavior of Y-Eccentrically Brace in RC Frame Structures under Earthquake Action." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.866.

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In order to study the mechanical characteristics and the shear failure behavior under earthquake action, a single-storey single-span RC frame structure strengthened with Y-eccentrically brace were designed and manufactured to be 1/3 scale. The pseudo-dynamic testing method was carried out under El-Centro earthquake action with different peak acceleration adjusted by Code for Seismic Design of Buildings in mainland China. The testing result indicates that RC frame structure strengthened with Y-eccentrically steel brace presents perfect seismic performance under strong earthquake action, at one time, the seismic performance maybe affected by the length of outsourcing steel at the joint between energy dissipation element of eccentric steel brace and RC frame beam. The joint should be considerably designed to make sure that shear failure can firstly occur in energy dissipation element.

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Sirks, Boudewijn. "The Codex of Justinian A new annotated translation, with parallel Latin and Greek text, based on a translation by Justice Fred H. Blume, Bruce Frier general editor, Editors Serena Connolly, Simon Corcoran, Michael Crawford, John Noël Dillon, Dennis P. Kehoe, Noel Lenski, Thomas A.J.M. McGinn, Charles F. Pazdernik, Benet Salway. With contributions by Timothy Kearley, 2016." Tijdschrift voor rechtsgeschiedenis 85, no. 1-2 (2017): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-08512p12.

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Kim, Dong Keon, and Jong Wan Hu. "Bracing Systems for Seismic and Wind Performance of Tall Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 650 (January 2013): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.650.667.

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Occurrence of frequency of earthquakes around the world has been increased including Sendai earthquake in Japan and magnitude of earthquake has also increased. Recently, many tall buildings using local seismic codes can be exposed to the risk of an earthquake and wind. Also, some buildings, which was planned to be built, were foundered as a result of lack of finance. Therefore, for tall buildings, structural safety such as earthquake and wind resistant performance, and financing issue are very important to progress the huge project. So we need to find another optimum alternative other than damping devices and base isolation system. In this study, four types of test specimens are used, which are fifty-story base tall building, tall building that was reinforced with diagonal brace, x-brace, and Chevron brace. And all of these cases, are subjected to the seismic load and wind load, finally analyzed and compared for seismic and wind performances.

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Hamdan, Abderlahman Ismaeel. "Stress Concentration Factors (SCFs) in Circular Hollow Section CHS-to-H-shaped Section Welded T-Joints under Axial Compression." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091223.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of non-dimensional geometric parameters on stress concentration factors (SCFs) of circular hollow section CHS brace-to-H-shaped section T-connections under axial compression. This type of welded joints is used increasingly in steel construction. However, its fatigue design is not covered by codes, and its fatigue strength has not been given the deserved attention by researchers. This research, however, bridges the gab on SCFs in this type of welded connections when being loaded in axial compression. here, parametric study based on the numerical analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of CHS brace diameter to H-shaped chord flange width ratio (β), H-shaped chord flange width to thickness ratio (2γ) and CHS brace thickness to H-shaped chord flange thickness ratio (τ) on SCFs in the brace and the chord of the connection. Based on practical considerations, the validity range of these parameters was 0.3 ≤ β ≤ 0.7, 16 ≤ 2γ ≤ 30 and 0.2 ≤ τ ≤ 0.1. Three-dimensional finite element (FE) study using commercial software ABAQUS was performed to study the hot spot stress distribution and hence SCFs in this type of welded joints. To begin with, the results of FEM were verified against available experimental data and good agreement was achieved. Afterwards, 48 joints were modeled in Abaqus to study the effect of geometrical parameter on SCFs in brace and chord. Based on the results of this extensive study, the effect of geometrical parameters was revealed. The paper, thus, shows that whilst β increases, SCFs in the brace and chord increases. Moreover, increasing the parameter 2γ results in an increase in SCFs in the two members. However, the change in τ has no significant effect on the SCFs in the brace or the chord. Values of SCFs are found to be between 2 and 7.

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Caruso-Juliano, A., A. Gallagher, T. E. Morrison, and C. A. Rogers. "Seismic performance of single-storey steel concentrically braced frame structures constructed in the 1960s." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 41, no. 7 (2014): 579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2013-0198.

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A general overview of the seismic performance of representative single-storey concentrically braced frame (CBF) buildings designed using the 1965 National Building Code of Canada and the 1965 S16 Canadian Standards Association Steel Structures for Buildings Standard was obtained through the use of nonlinear time history dynamic analyses and the testing of brace elements obtained from buildings constructed in the 1960s. The study comprised 16 representative buildings subjected to 20 site selected ground motions for three locations; Halifax (Nova Scotia) low seismicity, Montreal (Quebec) moderate seismicity, and Abbotsford (British Columbia) high seismicity. Incremental dynamic analyses were performed using various failure criteria as obtained from the test data; brace net-section fracture, bolt shear, block shear, bolt bearing and brace yielding. Fragility curves were created and the probability of failure was defined. The performance of the structures designed for Abbotsford was unsatisfactory for all of the brace connection failure mechanisms. In contrast, because of the lower current seismic hazard in Montreal, the 16 archetypical buildings demonstrated better performance. In Halifax the buildings performed well, based on the identified failure criteria. It was necessary to strengthen the roof diaphragms for all buildings to carry 2010 NBCC design level seismic forces.

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Qi, Yong Sheng, Feng Hua Zhao, and Jun Wen Zhou. "Research about Influence of Strength Variability on Seismic Performance of Weak Shear Type Concentrically-Braced Steel Frames." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1396.

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Influence of strength variability of braces on the weak shear type concentrically-braced steel frames is studied by pushover and nonlinear time history analysis method, which leads to a conclusion that the overstrength of brace has obviously detrimental influence on the seismic performance of the structure, induces stronger seismic reaction and higher seismic risk. Another valuable discovery is that after the area of the braces of weak shear type centrically-braced steel frames are determined according to the requirement of current codes, the designer can intentionally specify the structural steel of comparatively low strength (for example, the 2nd group in the paper taking 70% strength of steel Q235) for the brace, which can provide the structure more excellent seismic performance.

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Wang, Dong, Xiaosong Zhang, Jiang Ming, Ting Chen, Chao Wang, and Weina Niu. "Resetting Your Password Is Vulnerable: A Security Study of Common SMS-Based Authentication in IoT Device." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (July 4, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7849065.

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Firmware vulnerability is an important target for IoT attacks, but it is challenging, because firmware may be publicly unavailable or encrypted with an unknown key. We present in this paper an attack on Short Message Service (SMS for short) authentication code which aims at gaining the control of IoT devices without firmware analysis. The key idea is based on the observation that IoT device usually has an official application (app for short) used to control itself. Customer needs to register an account before using this app, phone numbers are usually suggested to be the account name, and most of these apps have a common feature, called Reset Your Password, that uses an SMS authentication code sent to customer phone to authenticate the customer when he forgot his password. We found that an attacker can perform brute-force attack on this SMS authentication code automatically by overcoming several challenges, then he can steal the account to gain the control of IoT devices. In our research, we have implemented a prototype tool, called SACIntruder, to enable performing such brute-force attack test on IoT devices automatically. We evaluated it and successfully found 12 zero-day vulnerabilities including smart lock, sharing car, smart watch, smart router, etc. We also discussed how to prevent this attack.

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Yahmi, Djamal, Taïeb Branci, Abdelhamid Bouchaïr, and Eric Fournely. "Evaluating the Behaviour Factor of Concentric X-Braced Steel Structures." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.98.

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The behaviour factor (q-factor) is a factor introduced in Eurocode-8 (EC8) to reduce the seismic elastic forces of structures obtained from an elastic analysis accounting for their ductility and overstrength. Seismic codes, especially the EC8, gives a constant value for q-factor, since change in structural characteristics of building change in behaviour of braced steel structures and that affects on q-factor. In this paper, the q-factor is evaluated for X-braced steel structures using pushover analysis. The effects of brace slenderness ratio and stories number are investigated. The results of this study indicate that the most important parameter that affects the q-factor is the brace slenderness ratio. Furthermore, the EC8 recommends a higher than actual value of q-factor, which is potentially unsafe.

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Revenkov, Pavel, Alexander Berdyugin, and Pavel Makeev. "Assessment of the Risk of a Cybersecurity Breach in a Commercial Bank (by the Example of an Attacks “Brute Force” and “Black Box” on ATMS)." Voprosy kiberbezopasnosti, no. 3(43) (2021): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21681/2311-3456-2021-3-20-30.

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Abstract. During the XX–XXI century there was a development of technologies, which resulted in the creation of a global financial system that allows you to quickly make money transactions in opposite points of the Earth. The progress of digital transformation of society and, in particular, financial and economic systems leads to the complication of the problems of information security of competing entities. By focusing on scientific research, we can achieve success in these areas. The purpose of the study: to increase the level of security of banking services for individuals and legal entities in accordance with the recommendations of information security standards by analyzing the risk of information security violations in electronic banking technologies (on the example of the “Brute force” and “Black box” attacks). Research methods: empirical methods of scientific knowledge (observation, measurement, experiment), theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, formalization), graphical interpretation of information, probability theory methods and computer programming. The result of the study: standards for effective management of information security management at the enterprise are considered. The advantage of social engineering methods over the “Brute force” method of PIN codes is shown quantitatively. The time characteristics of its commission and protective measures against attacks of the “Black box” type are analyzed. A method for improving the effectiveness of the response and protection of ATMS from attacks of the “Black box” type is proposed.

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DAVID, NORMAND, STEVEN M. S. GREGORY, GUY M. KIRWAN, JAMES A. JOBLING, FRANK D. STEINHEIMER, and GUILHERME RENZO ROCHA BRITO. "Addendum to Kirwan et al. (2016, Zootaxa 4121(1): 89–94)." Zootaxa 4216, no. 3 (2017): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4216.3.7.

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Following the publication of Kirwan et al. (2016), it has been brought to our attention that the treatment of any possible alternative genus-group name for Parus pipra Linnaeus, 1758, when treated as monotypic, was not as self-evident to others as it was to the authors. As there is no “case law” in Zoological Nomenclature, and whatever conclusions we reached were naturally subject to our interpretation of the Code (ICZN 1999), and may not necessarily accord with the views of others, we have revisited “Pythis Viell.: Pipra leucocilla Gm.” in Boie (1826: 971) which has been viewed as an available alternative name by one correspondent (Murray Bruce in litt. June 2016).

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Takeuchi, Toru. "Buckling-Restrained Brace: History, Design and Applications." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.50.

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Buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), which were first applied in 1989 in Japan, are now widely used worldwide as ductile seismic-proof members in seismic zones, such as those in Japan, USA, Taiwan, China, Turkey, and New Zealand. Although the design procedures of BRBs and their applications are described in the design codes and recommendations of several countries, they do not necessarily cover all the required aspects. Moreover, various new types of BRBs are still under investigation by many researchers. In this paper, the early history of BRB research and development and state-of-the-art views on the items required to design BRBs for obtaining stable hysteresis are briefly overviewed. This is followed by a summary of various representative application concepts and up-to-date investigations.

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Wang, Hong Nan, Hua Bo Liu, and Jian Feng Wang. "Application of Buckling-Restrained Braces in Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1527.

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The old prefabricated reinforced concrete buildings have been designed with old standards that are lower than the present design code provisions. These buildings are likely to be vulnerable to severe damage or total collapse under strong seismic excitations. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate these buildings seismic performance and to retrofit them using appropriate methods. Buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is a kind of prospective energy dissipation component. As a brace, it is also a lateral force resistant member. Based on the characteristics of prefabricated frame and BRB, the time history analysis of a prefabricated frame strengthening by BRB is carried out by using software ANSYS to input the seismic wave. Then, the seismic behavior of this kind of frame is studied. It is observed that the seismic response of the retrofitted structures reduces significantly in comparison with the corresponding original structure without any retrofit measures.

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Chang, Yao Tang, and Chung Wei Tsailin. "Enhanced Design for AWG-Based Dynamic Reconfigurable Free-Spectral-Range Group Hopping Coder/Decoders to Protect against Eavesdropping." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 1240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.1240.

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To further robust confidentiality protecting against eavesdropping over optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) networks, this study improves the robustness of the network toward eavesdropping for encryption/decryption mechanism by using a specified storage register controller controlling optical switches approach in which Free-spectral-range group hopping code is used to generate a specific signature address. This paper presents an enhanced security mechanism to protect spectral-amplitude-coding optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) networks against eavesdropping. This study proposes an alternative to huge code-space size techniques such as wavelength hopping and exchange-encode for network protection against eavesdropping by exploiting the cyclic properties of arrayed-waveguide-grating routers and maximal-length sequence code (M-sequence code). In addition, the network is protected using a wavelength hopping based on optical switches and exchange the encode assignment scheme implemented using the exchange switches before import to arrayed-waveguide-grating routers (AWG).In this scheme, eavesdropper is difficult to solute correct user data bit , whatever there is using brute-force searching or simple energy detector..

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Shen, Yong Kang. "Seismic Response Modification Factor of Eccentrically Brace Steel Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1605.

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Seismic response modification factor (R) and displacement amplification factor (Cd) are very important parameters to compute seismic force and to verify elasto-plasticity deformation in advanced seismic design. According to the present China Code for Seismic Design of Buildings,15 eccentrically braced steel frames are designed. R & Cd of 15 samples are computed by the Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM).Some correlative factors are analyzed and some reference is presented to the seismic design of these structures.

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Ferdiansyah, Ferdiansyah, Asep Id Hadiana, and Fajri Rakhmat Umbara. "Penggunaan QR Code Berbasis Kriptografi Algoritma AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) Untuk Administrasi Rekam Medis." Journal of Information Technology 3, no. 2 (2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47292/joint.v3i2.64.

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Data Administrasi dalam kesehatan dapat mengandung beberapa informasi penting, seperti identitas pasien, dokter, bahkan fasilitas kesehatan. Kemanan data diperlukan untuk menjaga kerahasiaan dan mencegah pihak yang tidak berwenang menyalahgunakan data tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab gap yang ada dengan Penggunaan QR Code mengamankan Kemudian QR Code tersebut dibagian Dokumen untuk Manajemen Administrasi. Pada penelitian ini, pesan data Informasi rahasia disematkan ke QR code berbasis Kriptografi dengan menggunakan Metode AES Advanced Encyrption Standard. QR code akan memperbaiki kesalahan yang dihasilkan prosedur penyematan rahasia ke dalam dokumen, kemudian QR code dapat memvalidasi untuk menampilkan data. Penulis melakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan metode brute force dan Pengujian AES untuk memastikan keamanan Aplikasi ini berjalan sebagaimana mestinya dalam mengamankan data tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah QR code dapat mengamankan dokumen data Administrasi Rekam Medis dengan menggunakan metode AES. Dengan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi potensi kebocoran data Administrasi Rekam Medis secara signifikan. Kesimpulan dari Penulis telah menyajikan pendekatan untuk mengamankan data menggunakan teknologi menyimpan yang digunakan untuk otentikasi saat melakukan request data administrasi. Penggunaan metode keamanan AES Advanced Encyrption Standard ini memberikan keuntungan dalam penggunaan yang mudah dan penggunaan sumber daya yang efisien

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Hou, Hanxu, Kenneth W. Shum, and Hui Li. "On the MDS Condition of Blaum–Bruck–Vardy Codes With Large Number Parity Columns." IEEE Communications Letters 20, no. 4 (2016): 644–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2530721.

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Mantha, Chris, Xi Chen, and Yi Liu. "Lateral torsional buckling of steel twin plate girder systems with torsional braces only." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 2 (2016): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0170.

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This paper presents results of both an experimental and a finite element study on the lateral torsional buckling behaviour and strength of twin plate girder systems with only discrete torsional braces. Two scaled twin-beam specimens with different arrangements of lateral and torsional braces were tested and results were used to validate the finite element model. The finite element study considered the effect of individual brace member stiffness and the number of braces. Results showed that for twin plate girders braced with only torsional braces, the critical buckling moment has the most significant increase when the number of interior braces increases from two to three. For a given girder section, the increase in the critical moment capacity by increasing the cross-frame member size is minimal. The lateral torsional buckling moment equation as well as the brace force design procedure contained in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code were examined. A relationship between the ratio of provided-to-required torsional stiffness and the effective length factor was discussed.

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Gillespie, Martin R., and A. Graham Leslie. "BRUCS: a new system for classifying and naming mappable rock units." Journal of the Geological Society 178, no. 4 (2021): jgs2020–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-212.

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A new scheme is introduced for classifying and naming mappable rock bodies that lack primary stratification. In recognition of their distinctive geological characteristics, these ‘nonstratiform’ bodies are defined and classified according to their 3D form, spatial distribution and genetic relationships, in two hierarchical (parent–child) chains: one for intrusions and one for tectonometamorphic units. Geologically complex units, encompassing bodies of different genetic classes, are classified in a third chain reserved specifically for ‘mixed-class’ units. The new classification scheme is offered as an alternative to existing recommendations in the International Stratigraphic Guide and North American Stratigraphic Code, in which nonstratiform bodies are recognized and defined primarily by their lithological character. BRUCS (the BGS Rock Unit Classification System) combines the three new parent–child chains for nonstratiform units with the well-established chain for stratiform units (bed–member–formation–group–supergroup) to create a flexible, practical and effective solution for classifying and naming all mappable rock bodies. The taxonomic rigour of BRUCS means that the considerable capabilities of modern digital systems for managing and communicating mapping data can be exploited fully.

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Meyer, Linda A., Eunice A. Greer, and Lorraine Crummey. "An Analysis of Decoding, Comprehension, and Story Text Comprehensibility in Four First-Grade Reading Programs." Journal of Reading Behavior 19, no. 1 (1987): 69–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10862968709547588.

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This study focuses on the instructional approaches to decoding and comprehension in the first-grade basal reading programs published by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich (1983), Houghton Mifflin (1979), Ginn (1976) (analytical phonics, meaning-emphasis programs), and S.R.A. Reading Mastery (1983) (a synthetic phonics, code-emphasis program). In addition, analyses were completed on the comprehensibility of matched and selected stories from each of the four programs. Results reveal that with the exception of consonant sound instruction and text-tied comprehension interactions, the programs vary considerably. Results of the analysis of comprehensibility show similar differences between programs.

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Najjar, Mohannad. "Using Improved d-HMAC for Password Storage." Computer and Information Science 10, no. 3 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v10n3p1.

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Password storage is one of the most important cryptographic topics through the time. Different systems use distinct ways of password storage. In this paper, we developed a new algorithm of password storage using dynamic Key-Hashed Message Authentication Code function (d-HMAC). The developed improved algorithm is resistant to the dictionary attack and brute-force attack, as well as to the rainbow table attack. This objective is achieved by using dynamic values of dynamic inner padding d-ipad, dynamic outer padding d-opad and user’s public key as a seed.

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KOMBA, E. K., S. N. KIBONA, A. K. AMBWENE, J. R. STEVENS, and W. C. GIBSON. "Genetic diversity among Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolates from Tanzania." Parasitology 115, no. 6 (1997): 571–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182097001856.

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We compared 19 stocks of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense collected in 1991 and 1994 from Tanzania with representative stocks from other foci of Rhodesian sleeping sickness in Zambia, Kenya and Uganda. Stocks were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis, restriction fragment length polymorphisms in variant surface glycoprotein genes and random amplification of polymorphic DNA; the banding patterns obtained were coded for numerical analysis. In addition, the Tanzanian stocks were compared by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Overall the Tanzanian stocks formed a homogeneous group and the predominant genotype isolated in 1991 was still present in the 1994 sample, although at a reduced level. The Tanzanian stocks were distinct from representative stocks from other East African foci. This observation does not support the proposal that there are northern and southern strains of T. b. rhodesiense, but is consistent with the view that T. b. rhodesiense stocks form a mosaic of different genotypes varying from focus to focus in East Africa.

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Khirbeet, Ahmed Salih, and Ravie Chandren Muniyandi. "New Heuristic Model for Optimal CRC Polynomial." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 1 (2017): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp521-525.

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Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are important for maintaining integrity in data transmissions. CRC performance is mainly affected by the polynomial chosen. Recent increases in data throughput require a foray into determining optimal polynomials through software or hardware implementations. Most CRC implementations in use, offer less than optimal performance or are inferior to their newer published counterparts. Classical approaches to determining optimal polynomials involve brute force based searching a population set of all possible polynomials in that set. This paper evaluates performance of CRC-polynomials generated with Genetic Algorithms. It then compares the resultant polynomials, both with and without encryption headers against a benchmark polynomial.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bruce Codex'

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