Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bruit de passage des véhicules'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 19 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Bruit de passage des véhicules.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Bongini, Estelle. "Modèle acoustique global et synthèse sonore du bruit d'un véhicule : application aux véhicules ferroviaires." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473940.
Full textHamdad, Hichem. "Recherche d'une description optimum des sources et systèmes vibroacoustiques pour la simulation du bruit de passage des véhicules automobiles." Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA1032/document.
Full textCurrently, to put a vehicle on market, car manufacturers must comply to a certification test of exterior noise. The regulation of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, ECE R51-03, specifies permissible levels a rolling motor vehicle can emit. This regulation is applied since July 1st, 2016, to replace the old regulation ECE R51-02 (test method change and tightening of permissible levels). The drastic reduction in noise levels will be done in 3 steps: from 74 dB (A) under the old regulation to 68 dB (A) in 2024. Therefore, manufacturers as well as their suppliers will face a great challenge to achieve this goal. The objective of this thesis is to develop an aid to the modeling of the pass-by noise of a vehicle, as called for in regulatory testing. The goal is to predict and evaluate accurately the noise emissions earlier in the vehicle development cycle, i.e. before the industrialization stage. We must then seek a trade-off between accuracy of estimates, sensitivity to parameters, robustness of the method and numerical efficiency
Cousson, Rémi. "Identification de sources acoustiques au passage d'un véhicule routier par imagerie acoustique parcimonieuse dans le domaine temporel." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI106/document.
Full textThe study detailed in this manuscript is part of the effort to characterize the noise emission from road vehicles. We wish to identify the noise sources of a moving vehicle, when driven on a roadway in real-world conditions, with roadside acoustic measurements. The current acoustic imaging methods do not provide sufficient performance on road vehicles. A state of the art led to the selection of an existing method, MSA-PSF, which consists in deconvolving signals from mobile sources in the frequency domain under certain assumptions, and was originally developed for aeroacoustics. This method is adapted here to the context of road vehicles. Then, an original approach is proposed in order to tackle the specific constraints of this context: CLEANT. This is an iterative method, performed in time domain with a wideband approach, which takes into account the effect of sources motion and includes two parameters designed to refine the result: the loop factor and the stopping criterium. A further version of the algorithm, including a frequency filter, is also proposed and shows significant improvement in identifying secondary sources in some particular cases. An interesting point of CLEANT is the availability of the sources reconstructed time signals, which enables other types of analysis, especially the use of the coherence with signals from on-board measurements in order to separate the contributions of uncorrelated sources. MSA-PSF and CLEANT are evaluated with numerical simulations and a set of indicators to measure their source localization and quantification performance. They are then tested in a controlled laboratory conditions experiment, using a moving source. This experiment represents a first application of the methods to a practical case, involving a linear motion, two simultaneous sources and different kinds of signals (tone and wideband). They are finally compared to the classical approach of moving source beamforming, within the frame of an experiment on a road vehicle, in real-world conditions. The original approach CLEANT yields very encouraging results, and is a clear improvement from the conventional beamforming, especially at low frequency for the tested cases. Applying it to a road vehicle in real-world conditions highlights a potentially troublesome behavior of the method, and the solution brought by CLEANT's frequency filtered version, or by adapting its various parameters. The coherence with reference signals to discriminate the physical origins of the sources is also tested and underlines the role of the short duration of the signals related to the sources passing-by context
Klein, Achim. "Annoyance indicators for various urban road vehicle pass-by noises and urban road traffic noise combined with tramway noise." Thesis, Vaulx-en-Velin, Ecole nationale des travaux publics, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENTP0002/document.
Full textNoise pollution is a major concern for residents of urban areas. To date, the European directive 2002/49/CE requires member states to represent community noise through noise maps. These are produced using the Lden (day-evening-night level) index which is also employed for dose-effect relationships in noise annoyance prediction. However, for the assessment of noise annoyance in urban areas, its relevance is often questioned. Numerous studies have shown that noise annoyance due to community noise is not solely based on the sound pressure level and other acoustical signal characteristics such as temporal and spectral features influence noise annoyance ratings. This thesis aims to improve the assessment of noise annoyance due to various road vehicle noises in cities. It is based on experiments carried out in laboratory conditions and comprises two main parts. The first addresses the enhancement of the physical and perceptual characterization of annoyance due to various urban road vehicle pass-by noises, such as buses, poweredtwo- wheelers, heavy vehicles and light vehicles. A specific focus is put on the characterization of annoyance due to powered-two-wheelers which are among the most annoying road vehicles and studied little in the existing literature. An indicator accounting for annoyance-relevant auditory attributes of urban road vehicle pass-by noises is determined: it comprises loudness, a spectral index and two modulation indices proposed in this work. In urban agglomerations, people are often exposed to road traffic in presence of a variety of other environmental noise sources. The focal point of the second part is on the prediction of total annoyance due to urban road traffic noise combined with tramway noise. In the aim of adequately characterizing total annoyance, first the perceptual phenomena involved in annoyance due to the combination of the sources are studied. Furthermore, the analysis allows for the testing of the proposed noise annoyance indicator for the characterization of urban road traffic noise. To characterize annoyance due to tramway noise, an indicator determined in a recent study is employed. Based on these indicators and the findings regarding perceptual phenomena, models for the prediction of total annoyance due to combined urban road traffic and tramway noise are proposed
Gaulin, David. "Caractérisation physique des sources sonores en milieu urbain." Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA1025.pdf.
Full textToday, a growing request concerning tools for allowing sound level predictions during the construction of new urban infrastructures is observed. Some of them exist, but physical phenomena taken into account have to be still improved. This is the aim of these researches, widely based on experimental approach. Due to their various physical characteristics, all the sound sources cannot be represented by the same theoretical model. They are splited in two groups : mechanical sources and human sources. In both group, each sound source cannot be individually modelled. That is why a classification is established. It is particularly the case for the mechanical sources which are distributed in four categories. This classification has been compared with those existing in some national methods. Similar results have been found. In a first step, road vehicles circulating at steady speeds, upper than 80 km/h where tyre/road noise is dominant, are modelled by omnidirectional point sources, the equivalen source heights of which have to be determined. A method based on an inverse fitting procedure performed on experimental excess attenuation results between two receivers has been implemented. Before this, the procedure was validated using an artificial pink noise sound source located at various positions. The equivalent source has always been found very close to the pavement surface which is confirmed by a study from INRETS. Sound power level can be obtained afterwards. This procedure has been applied to passenger cars, mopeds and motorcycles for urban traffic conditions including acceleration and deceleration phases. The speed ranges between 30 and 70 km/h. Sound power level predictions, for each third octave band, have been determined with a good accuracy. Concerning human sources, for which research results are rare in existing literature, two experimental campaigns allowed to test a method simulating groups of people by several omnidirectional point sources, each of them with their adequate location and sound power level spectrum. This method has been applied to school playgrounds and to a market place. Even if in the future, other types of sound sources have to be studied, these physical characteristics can already be introduced in the theoretical sound propagation model for urban areas
Golay, Francis. "Caractérisation de l'émission acoustique des véhicules étendus par des sources ponctuelles équivalentes." Le Mans, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00853308.
Full textGeissner, Emilie. "Perception du bruit extérieur d'un véhicule urbain de livraison." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131513.
Full textFakhar, Sina. "Effet du bruit et des vibrations sur la vigilance des conducteurs de véhicules légers en situation de conduite monotone." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0061.
Full textThe subject of this study is the effect of noise and vibrations on the vigilance of drivers in monotonous driving conditions. We have realized an on-board data acquisition system for physiological and behavioural signals. We also realized an original system for assessing the driver's position in a 3 dimensional frame in real driving conditions. We have used two new original vigilance indicators in complement of traditional ones. The first one is a signal related to the orienting reflex and the second one is the tilting angle of the driver's head. A data fusion method based on KALMAN optimal filtering is applied to obtain a vigilance scale graduated between 0 and 10. Finally, we apply the analyse of variance technique to experimental results recorded on 9 subjects who drove on the highway between Lyon and Dijon. The subjects were exposed to 2 levels of noise and 2 levels of vibrations
Hallé, Yannick. "Amélioration des services de reconnaissance vocale automatisée pour les véhicules, par analyse et caractérisation du contexte d'utilisation." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S039.
Full textInterfaces based on speech recognition have recently become interesting as a way of improving the use of equipments inside a car. However, tuning such interfaces demands to take into account the special sound conditions in the passenger compartment. In this PhD, we focused on improving the robustness of a present speech recognition system due to be used in a very noisy passenger compartment. We focused on the tuning and use of an advanced denoising device based on harmonic regeneration (HRNR) We then looked at "specialised" models, adapted to a specific recording situation. Finally, the differences in decoding observed when using various models made us look at differences that can occur between decodings of the same words by three distinct microphones located at various places of the dashboard. A majority vote applied to decodings of recordings made by the three microphones allowed a sensible improvement of the error rate compared to the use of a single sound recording
Rivenq, Atika. "Etude de systèmes anti-collision basés sur les techniques radar pour véhicules routiers." Valenciennes, 1996. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/08c0d176-22f2-43e1-9790-c2656a116cac.
Full textDenjean, Sebastien. "Sonification des véhicules électriques par illusions auditives : étude de l'intégration audiovisuelle de la perception du mouvement automobile en simulateur de conduite." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4710.
Full textThis thesis aims to build an auditory display to sonify electric vehicles. Our goal consisted in bringing back to the driver the motion information, which is usually provided by the combustion engine noise.The first stage of this work consisted in analyzing how automotive noises can influence drivers’ perception of motion. We conducted two driving simulator experiments to study drivers’ speed perception in presence of different automotive noises. These results provided a link between the acoustic feedback and the speed perceived by the driver, on which we based our sonification strategy.Similarly to combustion engine noise, the acoustic feedback proposed in this work informs the driver via its pitch variation. We used the Shepard Risset glissando illusion to sonify the whole speed range of the vehicle. Pitch circularity in the construction of these sounds provides a precise information on small speed variation with fast pitch variations, and is in addition restrained within a narrow bandwith.We then tested the contribution of this strategy in two experiments. The first dealt with the influence of the proposed sounds on drivers’ speed perception ; the second with their behavior in a common braking task. These studies showed that the drivers easily integrate the information brought by this sound, and that it influences their perception of motion and modifies their driving behavior. These inputs make the proposed sound a good candidate to become the new « engine noise » of future electric cars
Njeh, Mohamed. "Contribution au contrôle des pulsations de couple d'une propulsion hybride." Poitiers, 2011. http://nuxeo.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/df030f33-74b2-48ca-a265-d7a9aaebe169.
Full textThe research presented in this PhD thesis concerns the development of new control strategies to attenuate the insanteneous torque ripples of a hybrid diesel/electric propulsion. On a diesel engine, torque ripples are quasiperiodic for a given rotational speed. We present two strategies to control fixed and variable speed to reduce torque ripples. In the first approach, the state model is expressed in a rotating frame at the frequency of the harmonic rejection. This particular model leads to consider a harmonic ripple as a exogenous constant signal. This control strategy is based on a dynamic output feedback synthesis. The second approach is based on internal model control. The controller has a copy of the exogenous disturbance of the model. This is a problem of persistent disturbance rejection and reference tracking. We will adapt these approaches for control of variable speeds. In this case, the system models and controllers are with varying parameters (Linear Parameter Varying). We present a synthesis method based on S-procedure and full-block multipliers to solve the problem of output feedback. These strategies are applied to an experimental benchmark consists of mono-cylinder diesel engine coupled to a permanent magnets synchronous machine
Mora, Gómez Luis Fernando. "Bifurcations dans des systèmes avec bruit : applications aux sciences sociales et à la physique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4228.
Full textBifurcations in continuous dynamical systems, i.e., those described by ordinary differential equations, are found in a multitude of models such as those used to study phenomena related to physical, chemical, biological, ecological, economic and social systems. Using this concept as a unifying idea, in this thesis, we apply it to model and explore both Social as well as Physical systems. In the first part of this thesis we apply tools of statistical physics and bifurcation theory to model a problem of binary decision in Social Sciences. We find an scheme to predict the appearance of extreme jumps in these systems based on the notion of precursors which act as a kind of warning signal for the upcoming appearance of these catastrophic events. We also solve a mathematical model of social collapse based on a logistic re-growing equation used to model population grow and how limited resources change grow patterns. This model exhibits subcritical bifurcations and its relation to the social phenomenon of sunk-cost effect is studied. This last phenomenon explains how past investments affect current decisions and the combination of both phenomena is used as a model to explain the disintegration of some ancient societies, based on evidence from archeological records. In the second part of this thesis, we study macroscopic systems described by multidimensional stochastic differential equations or equivalently by their deterministic counterpart, the multidimensional FokkerPlanck equation. A new and alternative scheme of computation based on Path Integrals, related to stochastic processes is introduced in order to calculate the Probability Distribution Function. The computations based on this Path Integral scheme are performed on systems in one and two dimensions and contrasted to some soluble models completely validating this method. We also extended this scheme to the case of computation of Mean Exit Time, finding a new expression for each computation in systems in arbitrary dimensions. It is worth noting that in case of two-dimensional dynamical systems, the computations of both the probability distribution function as well as of the mean exit time validated the Path Integral scheme and the perspective for continuing this line of work are based on the fact that this method is valid for both arbitrary non gradient systems and noise intensities. This opens the possibility to explore new cases, for which no methods are known to obtain them
Meneghin, Grégory. "Intégration en technologie BiCMOS et caractérisation d'un convertisseur de fréquence de réception pour un radar automobile en bande W assurant des communications inter-véhicules." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2708/.
Full textThanks to the developments realized over the last decade, the nanoscale silicon technologies have become very competitive with III-V for millimeter-wave applications exceeding 100 GHz. The exclusive high integration levels of the silicon make it particularly well suited to design complex systems. In this thesis the background example of a W-band automotive impulse radar with inter-vehicle wireless data link is used to evaluate the capabilities of SiGe BiCMOS technology for the design of W-band zero-IF down-conversion mixer. When a zero-IF down-converter has to be designed, the passive mixer represents the best choice thanks to its absence of flicker noise. This mixer employs NMOS transistors in any Si-based technology. Among its benefits, one has to highlight its large linearity and a low noise figure equaling its conversion losses. Whereas it is widely used in low-power RF zero-IF receivers, the frequency limitations of this topology are not well-defined. The first part of this work evaluates the feasibility of this topology up to the W-band using a 0. 13 µm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The geometry of NMOS device is widely discussed regarding conversion losses and linearity. These results are then employed to design a 79 GHz down-converter including the RF and LO drivers as well as the IF amplifier. Finally, a test-bench is also developed to characterize the designed down-converter. Experimental results indicate state-of-the-art performances with a conversion gain of 14. 5 dB at an optimal center frequency of 76 GHz, a double-sideband noise figure of 6. 3 dB and an output compression point of -10dBm. These results, close to the electrical simulations, validate the whole design methodology
Loiseau, Paul. "Contrôle actif acoustique du bruit large bande dans un habitacle automobile." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMNA0275/document.
Full textClassical methods used for noise reduction in cars are based on adjusting the mechanical properties: mass, stiffness and damping. They are qualified as passive and induce significative addition of weight for reducing low frequency noises. Active noise control is seen as a possible solution to achieve low frequency noise attenuation and weight reduction.The goal of this work is to evaluate achievable performances with such solution.Acoustic enclosures are known to be resonant systems of highorder. Obtaining a model of it, therefore requires a suitable identification method. The approach chosen is based on subspace methods. It processes data in the frequency domain for obtaining a continuous time model.The control problem derived from the specifications is a MIMO H1, multi-objective and multi-model problem with a strong stability constraint. Futhermore, actuators and sensors are not-colocated, and no measure of the disturbance is available. In order to precisely evaluate the achievable performances, this problem is solved using non smooth optimization.Such approach ensures the absence of pessimism, but requires an appropriate initialization and a parsimonious controller structure, because it does not ensure convergence toward the global optimum. The proposed methodology was validated in simulation and experimentally. It allows a precise evaluation and comparison of achievable performances according to the constraints on available measures and means of action
Oudompheng, Benoit. "Localisation et contribution de sources acoustiques de navire au passage par traitement d’antenne réduite." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT071/document.
Full textSince the surface ship radiated noise is the main contribution to the underwater acoustic noise in coastal waters, The Marine Framework Strategy Directive of the European Commission recommends the development of the monitoring and the reduction of the impact of the traffic noise. The need for developing an industrial system for the noise mapping of the surface ship have motivated this study, it will allow the naval industries to identify which part of the ship radiates the stronger noise level.In this context, this research work deals with the development of passive noise mapping methods of a surface ship passing-by above a static linear array with a reduced number of hydrophones. Two aspects of the noise mapping are considered: the localization of acoustic sources and the identification of the relative contribution of each source to the ship acoustic signature.First, a bibliographical study concerning the acoustic radiation of a passing-by surface ship is conducted in order to list the main acoustic sources and then to simulate representative ship sources. The acoustic propagation is simulated according to the ray theory and takes the source motion into account. The simulator of the acoustic radiation of a passing-by ship is built in order to validate the proposed noise mapping methods and to design an experimental set-up. A study about the influence of the source motion on the noise mapping methods led to the use of the beamforming method for moving sources for the source localization and a deconvolution method for the identification of the source contribution. The performances of both methods are assessed considering measurement noise and uncertainties about the propagation model in order to know their limitations. A first improvement of the beamforming method consists of a passive synthetic aperture array algorithm which benefits from the relative motion between the ship and the antenna in order to improve the spatial resolution at low frequencies. Then, an algorithm is proposed to acoustically correct the trajectography mismatches of a passing-by surface ship. Finally, the last part of this thesis concerns a pass-by experiment of a towed-ship model in a lake. These measurements allowed us to validate the proposed noise mapping methods and their proposed improvements, in a real and controlled environment
Ménéghin, Grégory. "Intégration en technologie BiCMOS et caractérisation d'un convertisseur de fréquence de réception pour un radar automobile en bande W assurant des communications inter-véhicules." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067441.
Full textVoinot, Olivier. "Développement de méthodologies de synthèse de loi de commande pour le pilotage des lanceurs." École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (Toulouse ; 1972-2007), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ESAE0013.
Full textKaisser, Florent. "Communications dans les réseaux fortement dynamiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00512021.
Full text