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Pg, Haji Hassan Dk Noor Hasharina Binti. "Everyday finances and consumption in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/192863/.
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After the financial global crisis in 2008, there has been a growing interest in studying financialisation in economic geography mainly in Anglo-American societies. Most attempts in understanding finance in Geography focus on macro level finance culture i.e. examining financial structures and institutions. With financial iberalisation, financial institutions play a significant role in influencing the financial markets in Anglo-America while government interference has been declining. Social scientists such as Langley (2008) and Lee et al. (2009) identified a dearth of literature in economic geography that focuses on everyday personal finances of consumers and relate consumers’ borrowing culture to their consumption patterns which are shaped by social intermediaries including governments, family and traditions. This thesis fills this gap in contemporary areas in economic geography. The aim of the thesis is to examine the development of personal finances and consumption in Brunei Darussalam. Brunei makes a relevant case study due to its distinctive evolving personal finance and consumption culture where the government plays a significant role through the monitoring and regulating of financial institutions. Regulating Brunei’s financial structure was a pro-active action taken by the government to address problems of Bruneians’ dependency on borrowing to consume rather than as a reaction to the global financial crisis. Moreover, this study shows how individual choices and actions as well as traditional cultural intermediaries (du Gay et al., 1997) particularly the family and traditions shape Bruneians’ financial access and consumption culture. My thesis demonstrates that financialisation and consumption culture are not homogenised across different geographies, thus stresses the importance of acknowledging and need to consider social and cultural practices of consumers and governments in order to understand the financial and consumption culture and development of different societies.By employing mixed methods in particular qualitative research methods, this thesis also presents empirical evidence of the transformation in financial culture and identifies functions and motivators of consumption that affect consumers’ everyday finances in Brunei which are different from other geographies including Anglo- America
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Kassim, Mona Yati Mohd. "Tourism in Brunei Darussalam : content and context." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34408.
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The purpose of this research was to analyse the content and context of tourism stakeholder management in Negara Brunei Darussalam and to investigate stakeholder views on tourism management, planning and development. The author attempted to identify the web of stakeholders as perceived by the main key groups of players in the tourism industry in the months leading up to the sultanate's first ever 'Visit Brunei Year 2001'. In addition, she attempted to investigate the underlying causes of ineffective tourism management in Negara Brunei Darussalam, which operates under a strict Malay Muslim Monarchy ('Melayu Islam Beraja' or'MIB') system of governance and national philosophy. Many hold the view that developing the tourism industry in Negara Brunei Darussalam is a necessary stepping-stone towards diversification from its dependence on oil and gas. However, very little effort has been made to educate the general community on its benefits and disadvantages. In addition, only a very select group of people are directly involved in its planning and development leading to conflict in the community. Little has been said about real community support of tourism development and on the impact it may have on its stakeholders. The present study has attempted to do this. Problems in tourism management, planning and development are expected to arise because of Negara Brunei Darussalam's inexperience in this field, lack of coordination and planning between government and private sectors; and, perhaps due to conflict between its MIB philosophy and the perceived negative nature of the tourism industry. Research was conducted in several stages from November 1999 to February 2001. Data collection from the fieldwork was elicited through questionnaires administered by four trained interviewers in all four districts in Negara Brunei Darussalam and through in-depth interviews with selected tourism stakeholders by the author. The author observed that key players of tourism were relatively unaware of the concept of community participation in tourism development and planning, as well as the identity of a wider range of tourism stakeholders. The community at large does support tourism development and planning and expectations for accrual of tourism revenue and benefits are high. Many in the private sector have voiced the view that the government should do more to give this industry a boost. Similarly, the governmental body believes that a pro-active private sector is needed for sustainability of this industry. An alternative model to western stakeholder management is proposed that is applicable to this small Muslim sultanate.
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Haji, Md Sum Hisham. "Educational dependency : a case study on Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335887.
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Ebil, Syazana. "Assessment of demersal fishery resources in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57704/.
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A problem commonly encountered in stock assessments of tropical marine resources in developing countries is data paucity, which invariably results from the lack of both human and economic capacity within the government to implement and maintain programmes for data collection and analysis. With special reference to the demersal fishery of Brunei Darussalam, this thesis examines approaches for extracting useful information from data-poor fisheries to assess the state of resources and inform fishery management actions. By using official fishery statistics, augmented by local ecological knowledge (LEK) obtained from fishers engaged in either the large-scale (LS) or small-scale (SS) fisheries in Brunei, changes in demersal fishery resources over the years were assessed. The sustainability of Brunei’s demersal capture fishery was evaluated in the face of its ongoing development and climate change. Using trophodynamic indicators such as mean trophic level (MTL), Fishing-in- Balance (FiB), trophic spectra (TS) and community structure analyses, LS fishery catches of Brunei between 2000 and 2009 revealed a deteriorating state of the coastal demersal ecosystem. Closer examination of the abundance of overall demersal finfish stocks, using the Catch-Per-Unit-Effort (CPUE) index – standardised for other factors not related to abundance – indicated a declining trend, even when total catches remained stationary, although trends in abundance of the different demersal fish families varied. This rapid significant change in recent years is further supported by fishers’ LEK on relative abundance of Brunei marine resources. The study on LEK has also revealed the ‘shifting baseline syndrome’ (SBS) among currently active fishers and their exploited populations, a phenomenon not previously reported for Brunei fisheries. Findings from the study are synthesised with other information, where a number of key issues and policy options are discussed, and recommendations for the management of the fishery are made. This thesis demonstrates that researchers in data-poor fisheries can utilise different assessment tools, given the resources at their disposal, to assist in the management of marine resources.
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Sabtu, K. "Evaluation of diabetic retinopathy screening in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2391561/.
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In recognition of the increasing prevalence of diabetes in Brunei, and the expected increase in diabetic retinopathy (DR), primary health centre based DR screening was introduced in 2006 for seven health centres in the Brunei-Muara district. The Brunei National Prevention of Blindness from Diabetic Retinopathy is a policy document calling for DR screening to be made systematic at a national level. However, the effectiveness of the model in practice was not evaluated and the DR screening programme was launched without a baseline survey and situation assessment. Consequently, the responsiveness of the health system to embed a systematic approach to DR screening has faced many constraints and was slow to evolve. This study has provided evidence to support the implementation of the policy document and baseline information on the gaps and challenges within the key service provision stages for DR screening and treatment. The overall objective of this thesis was to evaluate the DR screening model in the Brunei-Muara District. Results from this study suggest that the DR screening model in Brunei-Muara is partially systematic. The main findings showed that key processes are in place at different stages of DR screening and treatment and that sufficient resources have been allocated to detect sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) at primary health centres (PHCs) and to treat STDR at the national eye centre (NEC). This was supported by the good DR annual screening uptake rates (77%) and low DR prevalence rates (5.8%) reported in this study. However, the lack of monitoring of both the implementation processes and screening effectiveness was viewed as key limitations in the programme. This was evident through process gaps observed throughout the DR screening and treatment pathway including the identification of patients for screening at PHCs, GP to DR referral process, referral for treatment processes to NEC and disease registers that were not integrated and lacked accuracy. This was also backed by evidence that DR screening coverage rates were low (56%) across all health centres. Based on a generic framework to analyse development of DR screening programmes used in this study, the existing screening model could be enhanced by improving screening coverage rates, universal access to DR treatment, trained and certified workforce, implementation of a call and recall system and systematic digital photography screening system. However, further studies are required before these recommendations could be implemented.
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Abdullah, Yuzilawati. "Export oriented refinery : a viable option for Brunei Darussalam?" Thesis, University of Dundee, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505605.
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Aziz, Haji Muhammad Majdi Pehin Dato Haji Abdul. "Baseline study on chemical composition of Brunei Darussalam rivers." Thesis, Brunel University, 2005. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4820.
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The research provides data of pH and conductivity, some anions (e. g. fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate and sulphate), monovalent cations (e. g sodium, ammonium and potassium), divalent cations (e. g calcium and magnesium) heavy metals (e. g. iron, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, cadmium and manganese) and organic compounds – from water samples of rivers of Brunei Darussalam, namely, Brunei River, Belait River, Tutong River and Temburong River. The higher values of certain parameters with respect to the acceptable standard limits for river water indicate the pollution in river water samples of the study area, make the waters unsuitable for various applications and do pose a human health hazard. The pH levels in Brunei Darussalam is quite reassuring and mostly safe. Although there are some stretches of rivers that show slightly lower levels of pH, there is no cause for any alarm as these waterways are not sources of drinking water. As for anions and cations, the only anion of significant levels detected in Brunei Rivers is chloride whereas only monovalent cation detected in significant levels, is sodium. The concentrations of chloride and sodium ions are below the standard concentrations. Brunei Rivers are still free from chloride and sodium pollution. For heavy metals, only iron is detected in Brunei Rivers. Brunei being a oil based country experiments were done to identify levels of a numbers of significant toxic organic compounds, including, toluene and benzene which have been detected in the waters of the oil mining district of Belait District but are within normal limits. The use of a photolytic cell system to achieve the photodegradation of benzene, toluene, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and the surfactant – hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (C19H42NBr) is reported. The system has been optimised by investigating the effects of the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H202) as an oxidant and the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a catalyst. The results show that the photolytic system can be used to achieve >99% degradation of organic contaminants. The research also includes a final chapter on management system which covers water protection, pollution control and solid waste management in Brunei. In addition to investigating various factors of the solid waste management in Brunei, the researcher has also exposed some of the weaknesses that need immediate addressing. Various measures have been suggested to make Brunei's water more efficient. Moreover, ways of preserving the high quality of Brunei's water figures in this chapter.
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Haji-Othman, Noor Azam. "Linguistic diversity in Negara Brunei Darussalam : an ecological perspective." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30897.
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Despite its tiny size and population, Brunei Darussalam is linguistically and ethnically diverse. The dominant race, the Malays, is made up of seven different ethnic groups, namely Belait, Bisaya, Brunei Malays, Dusun, Kedayan, Murut and Tutong, all of whom are considered indigenous to Brunei. With the exception of the Brunei Malays and Kedayans, each of the other groups traditionally speaks their own distinct indigenous languages that are distinct from the Malay language. Drawing on qualitative data obtained through interviews and documentary analysis, this study aims to explore the historical and contemporary interrelationships between these languages within the 'ecology of language' framework, and to find out how the notion of linguistic diversity interplays with national unity in the face of modernization. Although the study reveals a high level of tolerance by the informants toward linguistic diversity, there is evidence to suggest that as the minority ethnic population are abandoning their traditional languages and shifting to Malay, a synchronous convergent evolutionary process of identity shift is occurring too. The implications are that as linguistic diversity is diminishing in Brunei, so too is cultural diversity.
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Haji, Wahsalfelah Siti Norkhalbi. "Traditional woven textiles : tradition and identity construction in the 'new state' of Brunei Darussalam." University of Western Australia. Anthropology and Sociology Discipline Group, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0013.
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Since its independence in 1984, politicians and nationalists in Brunei Darussalam have appealed to traditions in their efforts to create a national identity based on Brunei Darussalam’s national philosophy, `Malay Islamic Monarchy’. Weaving is one of the traditions related to Brunei traditional culture, thus traditional textile is used to construct national identity. This study focuses on the role played by powerful institutions in the creation of new tradition in order to foster national awareness in the `new state’ of Brunei Darussalam and I examine how traditional textiles are incorporated into the project of nation building. In Bruneian society, traditional woven cloths have multiple roles whose meanings vary according to the situation in which the traditional cloth is utilized. This research explores the significance of traditional textiles in Brunei Darussalam, focusing on the consumption of locally woven textiles in its traditions and the relationships to the expression and construction of identity. Since Islam came to Brunei Darussalam, it has become one of the predominant markers of identity of the Malays. This study analyse the influence of Islam in the production and consumption of traditional textile in Brunei Darussalam. The continuity of the production and consumption of traditional woven textile in Brunei Darussalam is very much dependent on its significant in the traditions of Brunei society as a whole. In order to prove this, this study focuses its investigation upon the production and uses of traditional textiles in the social customs of Malay society in Brunei Darussalam. Traditional woven textiles are employed to construct social identity in the reproduction of distinction. Traditional textiles are also offered to signify privilege and power. I examine how traditional textile is being used to distinguish social status and political prominence, denote offices, and display wealth and prestige.
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Haji, Saim Hajah Sainah. "The administrative system of Brunei Darussalam : management, accountability and reform." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322383.
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Salleh, Ak Mohd Hasnol Alwee. "Exploring an inclusive Islamic financial planning framework in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/8501/.
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The 1970s has witnessed two novel developments in the realm of personal finance and Islamic finance. Within personal finance, the decade saw a growth in the demand for financial planning, moving from a sector that prior to the 1970s catered exclusively to the wealthy, to one that provides services to the middle-income class. In the field of Islamic finance, the decade is remembered for the establishment of the first Islamic bank and takaful (insurance) company that laid the foundations of an industry that is now reported to be a trillion dollar industry. This study is designed to explore if Islamic financial planning, which falls within the purview of Islamic finance, can be developed further to include those with low incomes and in poverty. The aim of this study is to examine the needs of the poor and non-poor households in order to identify, describe and establish an inclusive Islamic Financial Planning (IFP) framework for both groups in Brunei Darussalam. This suggested framework integrates historical institutions such as zakat and awqaf, with contemporary financial concepts and approaches such as financial exclusion and financial planning. In order to achieve the research aim, primary data was collected using structured interviews/questionnaire-based surveys and semi-structured interviews. The former, quantitative method, involved interviews with 431 Muslim heads of households in the Brunei-Muara district, composed of 216 non-welfare recipients (non-poor or net surplus households) and 215 welfare recipients (poor or net deficit households). The data was analysed using statistical techniques, which include Pearson’s chi-square test and logistic regression. Meanwhile, the qualitative information gathered from semi-structured interviews with 39 net deficit respondents was coded and reported. The findings of the study display a hierarchical form of financial planning, for the poor and non-poor in Brunei. For net deficit households, the hierarchical structure involves moving individuals from the bottom of the hierarchy, that is the money management level, to emergency planning, and finally to the top of the hierarchy, that is investing for goals. For net surplus households, their role relates to the supply-side of the inclusive IFP framework, whereby they provide funds necessary in the form of zakat and awqaf to implement the approaches associated with money management, emergency planning and investing for goals. The study also found instances of financial exclusion in Brunei for net deficit respondents in opening bank accounts and accessing credit facilities. In terms of financial planning practices and financial knowledge, the findings highlight net deficit respondents were more likely to fare poorly than net surplus respondents. Further, in terms of zakat and awqaf, both groups of respondents appear to have low-level understanding of these concepts. Overall, the study provides the conceptual framework for an inclusive IFP approach in Brunei. Thereby, it provides a different paradigm towards combating poverty, through the lens of financial planning, alongside the added components of zakat, awqaf, financial literacy and financial inclusion.
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Haji, Sukri Rahayu Sukmaria. "Differentiation of Dipterocarp floristic composition and species distributions in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158320.
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This thesis investigates the influence of niche specialisation on floristic composition and species distributions of the family Dipterocarpaceae along topographic gradients at two contrasting lowland Mixed Dipterocarp Forest sites in Brunei Darussalam: Andulau (overlying nutrient-poor sandy soils) and Belalong (overlying nutrient-rich clay soils). Dipterocarp tree density, species richness and diversity were higher at Andulau than Belalong, and were also higher on ridges than in slopes and valleys. Randomisation tests detected significant dipterocarp species associations with site and tomography. Dipterocarp floristic composition was strongly correlated with various habitat variables at Belalong, even after accounting for distance between samples. In contrast, fewer habitat variables were correlated with dipterocarp floristic composition at Andulau, implying weaker habitat effects in this more topographically homogeneous site. In a field-based transplant experiment, Dryobalanops aromatica and Dryobalanops rappa seedlings consistently showed higher growth rates and survival in gaps than in understorey plots. Higher survival and leaf production of D. aromatica seedlings at Andulau than Belalong provide evidence of a habitat preference. Growth and survival of D. rappa seedlings were similar at the two sites, but D. rappa seedlings grew significantly faster in height than D. aromatica seedlings on slopes at both sites. In conclusion, local and landscape scale variations in edaphic and environmental resources influence dipterocarp species distributions and floristic composition, as well as dipterocarp seedling growth and survival. Thus, niche specialisation is an important mechanism in the maintenance of species coexistence at Andulau and Belalong.
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Haji, Shahminan Hajah Norbayah. "A critical exploration of deaf young people's underachievement in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7693.
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This study employs qualitative methods to explore the tensions experienced by deaf young people with hearing parents, hearing parents with little or no experience of deafness prior to the birth of their deaf children and language teachers with a lack of skills and knowledge of deafness in the implementation of an inclusive education system in Brunei Darussalam. The empirical evidence I used to develop and support my thesis involves data I have generated using a variety of data collection tools, and includes analysis of documents, interviews with 12 deaf people age 18-25 years old, 4 hearing parents and 4 teachers together with 8 hours of classroom observations. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify prevalent similarities in the participant’s responses. Underachievement among young deaf people was due to undeveloped language. Undeveloped language for communication is the major theme identified. This study argues that while certain barriers to participation in hearing inclusive classrooms and hearing environments may be being removed, perceptions of the deaf as being unable to communicate remain embedded in dominant disability discourse (Lang, 2001). The study’s conclusions are drawn within the context of proposing a framework for a holistic, integrated, community based educational support structure for Brunei Darussalam that meets the support requirements of deaf young people (DYP), parents and teachers within inclusive schools.
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Dato, Haji Metussin Halimatussaadah. "Corporatisation in the telecommunication industry : a case study from Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/346352/.
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For any organisation to survive, it needs to be able to change. Due to problems that most governments are facing such as inefficiency, some governments have sought for corporatisation of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Corporatisation means ‘efforts to make SOEs operate as if they were private firms facing a competitive market or if monopolies, efficient regulation’ (Shirley, 1999, p. 115). This is often conducted prior to privatisation. In contrast to the large quantity of literature concerning privatisation, little has been written on corporatisation. This research aims to fill this gap. One of the keys to organisational change is leadership. This study also aims to explore the behaviour of leaders in managing change. It seeks both to observe the approaches to change that leaders adopt, and to investigate what the corporatisation process involves, using activity theory as a theoretical lens. This research is based on a case study: the corporatisation process of Jabatan Telekom Brunei (JTB, which later became TelBru), a telecommunication organisation in one of the South-East Asian region, Brunei Darussalam. The official corporatisation of JTB took place in 2006. This research was conducted for four consecutive years, from 2009 until 2012. The findings are based on semi-structured interviews (eighty-eight interviews were conducted) supplemented with questionnaire and a substantial amount of documents related to the corporatisation, and are analysed using Miles and Huberman’s (1994) approach. The study identifies three distinct time periods: i) before the formation of TelBru; ii) the formation of TelBru (2002); iii) during the corporatisation period (2002-2006). Seven significant activities were found, all of which are described using the triangle Activity Model. The results of this research also provide empirical evidence that both top-down and bottom-up change approaches were adopted and overall, it was a slow change process characterised with both ‘snail’ (slow) and ‘rushing' (fast) change. Additionally, seven leadership behaviours have emerged from this research: Tasking, Supporter, Change Communicator, People Person, Change Preparator, Old McDonald, and Problem Maker. This study’s contributions to the research field, and other implications the findings may have, are also discussed.
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Lampoh, Abdullah Awang. "Professional development of senior staff of secondary schools in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/506ac74c-7e8d-4fff-9788-3c4c8b935a1d.
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Pengiran, Haji Osman/Othman Pengiran Karim. "The evidence of oriental ceramic and earthenware distributions in Brunei Darussalam as an aid in understanding protohistoric Brunei." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242692.
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Karim, Haji Suhaimi bin Haji Abdul. "Towards an integrated information system for a public organisation in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7526.
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Information systems, by nature, are open to interpretation from a number of viewpoints. This thesis emphasizes that information systems are not 'technical' systems that have behavioural and social consequences, they are 'social systems' that rely to an increasing extent on information technology for their functions. Hence any systems development methodologies used cannot deal simply with the problem of how one designs technically reliable and cost effective information systems. Instead it regards systems development as an example of multidimensional social change, the application of technology may not be a desirable solution to the situation. The choice of a development methodology should therefore take into account its sensitivity to the cultural, social, and political aspects of systems design. The aims of the thesis are three-fold. The first aim is to transform an idea or perception of needs into actionable drivers for change in a public sector organisation in Brunei Darussalam. The second aim is to identify and diagnose the problems associated with the management of information. Finally, the study aims to identify a suitable methodology that can be used to investigate a number of organisational issues. This work incorporates a practical case study of a problem situation at the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the sole government agency responsible for perpetuating and disseminating Islamic teaching in Brunei Darussalam. The methodology used to investigate the problem situation is Checkland's Soft System Methodology (SSM). This is well chosen as the case study deals with human activity systems that are not well defined. Systems intervention via a semi-structured and informal discussion interviews were used to identify the unstructured problem situation (stage 1) of the SSM. The SSM progressed through to the recommendation of actions that constitute culturally feasible and desirable change. In fact, although manual systems are less efficient and effective than their computer-based counterparts, they are preferred in the first instance. Only when the manual system has reached maturity should a computer-based replacement be considered.
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Khalid, Omar Haji. "Special needs in inclusive schools in Brunei Darussalam : perceptions, concerns and practices." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365478.
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Jait, Adam. "Government e-services delivery requires citizens awareness : the case of Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9447.
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This study examines citizens awareness and usage of government e-services. Governments use Web-based Internet applications to enhance their citizens access to government services. However, in a case study in Brunei Darussalam, it was found that the government s initiative in providing e-services in last few years has not been as successful as it could have been as the services have not been citizen-centric. This was due to the availability of e-services being unknown amongst the citizens and that a silo-based approach existed for each government ministry. One notable finding was that although the ICT literacy of Brunei citizens has rapidly improved, this has not been reflected in the citizens interaction with government. There are several challenges for citizens awareness and use of government e-services that occur on e-government initiatives. Failure in managing such problems, results in a high probability of these services becoming a white elephant , with inefficiency, wastefulness and cost overruns on e-government projects. E-government management agencies still do not have an organized citizens awareness strategy approach to managing knowledge in e-government initiatives. The proposed Government e Services Citizens Awareness Strategy (GeS-CAS) framework, incorporating communication, management and education strategies, can effectively be used to enable e-government agencies to deal with e-government projects problems and risks in an organised and efficient way. It is concluded that e-government initiatives management can be improved if the knowledge dimensions of the problems are well understood and are conveyed to the right people, at the right time and the right place, and are appropriately managed. This research has developed an integrated citizens awareness strategy Knowledge Management framework that provides a structured approach to achieving this which is easy to understand and put in to practice by e-government agencies, and can be used to solve citizen awareness problems, explore opportunities and make decisions.
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McLellan, James A. H. "Malay-English language alternation in two Brunei Darussalam on-line discussion forums." Thesis, Curtin University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/581.
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This is a study of language choice and language alternation patterns in a corpus of messages posted on two Brunei Darussalam on-line discussion forums. It aims to break new ground by investigating Malay-English language alternation in the context of computer-mediated communication (CMC), in contrast to previous research which has mostly studied alternation or code-switching in informal conversations. The corpus of texts consists of 21 1 messages posted on the 'Bruclass' and 'Brudirect' forums. These were analysed in terms of their grammatical and discoursal features to determine what role is played by each of the contributing languages. Chapter 1 outlines the major research questions: how much alternation is there between Malay and English, how is this alternation achieved, and why do the bilingual text producers make these language choices when posting their messages in the on-line forums? This chapter also includes outline description of the sociolinguistic context of Brunei Darussalam in terms of its population, history, system of education, and discussion of the varieties of Malay and of English used by Bruneians. In Chapter 2 relevant literature on language alternation is reviewed, with a gradual narrowing of the focus: from theories of code-switching and language alternation to studies dealing specifically with Malay-English code-switching in Malaysia and in Brunei Darussalam. Studies on language use and alternation in the CMC domain are also reviewed. Chapter 3 discusses the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, and the rationale for these. Findings from the grammatical and discoursal analyses are reported and discussed in Chapter 4. Whilst monolingual English messages are the most frequent, almost half of the corpus texts are found to include a measure of Malay-English alternation.Many of these display an asymmetric alternation pattern, in which one language supplies the grammar and the other the lexis, but there are also examples of equal alternation, where Malay and English both contribute to the grammar and to the lexis. The reasons for these choices are investigated through a questionnaire survey, which includes a text ranking task, and through other published texts in which Bruneians discuss their use of language. Chapter 5 discusses these findings, and the concluding Chapter 6 considers connections between the analysis of the texts and the questionnaire survey, especially the preference for monolingual English. Chapter 6 also includes discussion of questions of identity as reflected in the language choices and of language use in the CMC domain.
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McLellan, James A. H. "Malay-English language alternation in two Brunei Darussalam on-line discussion forums." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Language and Intercultural Education, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16277.
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This is a study of language choice and language alternation patterns in a corpus of messages posted on two Brunei Darussalam on-line discussion forums. It aims to break new ground by investigating Malay-English language alternation in the context of computer-mediated communication (CMC), in contrast to previous research which has mostly studied alternation or code-switching in informal conversations. The corpus of texts consists of 21 1 messages posted on the 'Bruclass' and 'Brudirect' forums. These were analysed in terms of their grammatical and discoursal features to determine what role is played by each of the contributing languages. Chapter 1 outlines the major research questions: how much alternation is there between Malay and English, how is this alternation achieved, and why do the bilingual text producers make these language choices when posting their messages in the on-line forums? This chapter also includes outline description of the sociolinguistic context of Brunei Darussalam in terms of its population, history, system of education, and discussion of the varieties of Malay and of English used by Bruneians. In Chapter 2 relevant literature on language alternation is reviewed, with a gradual narrowing of the focus: from theories of code-switching and language alternation to studies dealing specifically with Malay-English code-switching in Malaysia and in Brunei Darussalam. Studies on language use and alternation in the CMC domain are also reviewed. Chapter 3 discusses the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, and the rationale for these. Findings from the grammatical and discoursal analyses are reported and discussed in Chapter 4. Whilst monolingual English messages are the most frequent, almost half of the corpus texts are found to include a measure of Malay-English alternation.Many of these display an asymmetric alternation pattern, in which one language supplies the grammar and the other the lexis, but there are also examples of equal alternation, where Malay and English both contribute to the grammar and to the lexis. The reasons for these choices are investigated through a questionnaire survey, which includes a text ranking task, and through other published texts in which Bruneians discuss their use of language. Chapter 5 discusses these findings, and the concluding Chapter 6 considers connections between the analysis of the texts and the questionnaire survey, especially the preference for monolingual English. Chapter 6 also includes discussion of questions of identity as reflected in the language choices and of language use in the CMC domain.
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Damit, Abd Rahim. "Identifying sources of stress and level of job satisfaction amongst registered nurses within the first three years of work as a registered nurse in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16608/1/Abd_Rahim_Damit_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Method
This study used a descriptive correlational study design to examine new nurses within the first three years of work as a registered nurses' perception of stress and level of job satisfaction in today's complex clinical nursing working environment. Data was collected through distribution of self administered questionnaires, which comprised 59 items of Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (French, Lenton, Walters and Eyles, 1995) and the two part measurement tool of Index of Work Satisfaction Survey (Stamps, 2001). This questionnaire was distributed to 120 new registered nurses working in Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital (R.I.P.A.S.), the main referral hospital in Brunei Darussalam. The sample consisted of both male and female registered nurses (RN) who had less than three years working experience in nursing.
Results
Responses to the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) identified that the new registered nurses rated their Uncertainty Concerning Treatment as highly stressful events that frequently occurred in the workplace. The study findings also revealed that the level of stress and the common stressors in new registered nurses within the first three years of work as a registered nurses were similar irrespective of whether they were working in the speciality units or in general wards. Results for Index Work Satisfaction Survey (IWSS) Part A and B also suggested that there was no significant difference on the levels of job satisfaction in both groups of new registered nurses, with the majority of nurse choosing Professional Status as the most important component.
Conclusion
Results of this study are likely to have important implications for nursing education, administration, management, organisation, practice, knowledge, and research. The study findings have the potential to make a significant contribution to determining coping strategies that might help in reducing the amount of stress experienced by the new registered nurses in day to day challenging and demanding nursing roles. The study also has the potential to have wider benefits to nursing practice not just at Brunei Darussalam.
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Damit, Abd Rahim. "Identifying sources of stress and level of job satisfaction amongst registered nurses within the first three years of work as a registered nurse in Brunei Darussalam." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16608/.
Full textAbstract:
Method This study used a descriptive correlational study design to examine new nurses within the first three years of work as a registered nurses' perception of stress and level of job satisfaction in today's complex clinical nursing working environment. Data was collected through distribution of self administered questionnaires, which comprised 59 items of Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (French, Lenton, Walters and Eyles, 1995) and the two part measurement tool of Index of Work Satisfaction Survey (Stamps, 2001). This questionnaire was distributed to 120 new registered nurses working in Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital (R.I.P.A.S.), the main referral hospital in Brunei Darussalam. The sample consisted of both male and female registered nurses (RN) who had less than three years working experience in nursing. Results Responses to the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) identified that the new registered nurses rated their Uncertainty Concerning Treatment as highly stressful events that frequently occurred in the workplace. The study findings also revealed that the level of stress and the common stressors in new registered nurses within the first three years of work as a registered nurses were similar irrespective of whether they were working in the speciality units or in general wards. Results for Index Work Satisfaction Survey (IWSS) Part A and B also suggested that there was no significant difference on the levels of job satisfaction in both groups of new registered nurses, with the majority of nurse choosing Professional Status as the most important component. Conclusion Results of this study are likely to have important implications for nursing education, administration, management, organisation, practice, knowledge, and research. The study findings have the potential to make a significant contribution to determining coping strategies that might help in reducing the amount of stress experienced by the new registered nurses in day to day challenging and demanding nursing roles. The study also has the potential to have wider benefits to nursing practice not just at Brunei Darussalam.
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Haji, Masri Masairol. "Performance measurement systems in service SME : a Brunei case study." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/performance-measurement-systems-in-service-sme-a-brunei-case-study(b3a9cc7b-13dc-479e-9433-ca12ab982438).html.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the practice of performance measurement systems (PMS) in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) operating in the service sector in Brunei Darussalam. A further aim was to find the drivers and barriers of PMS adoption for such companies. Quantitative and qualitative methods were applied in this research. Documentary data, questionnaires, and interviews were used to collect the data. 357 questionnaires were sent out to service SME and a total of 62 responses were received. 29 managers from four case study companies were interviewed and semi-structured questions were used during the interviews. The results from the questionnaires showed that 26 per cent of the sample practice advanced PMS, 16 per cent still use a traditional PMS and the rest use a balanced system. The results of the interviews showed two additional drivers and one additional barrier to those found in the literature review. Business process and external stakeholders were identified as the additional drivers of PMS adoption and the former was also identified as the additional factor that could block such adoption. The additional findings indicated that organizational strategy, appropriate management style and management experience and qualifications were the core factors that could either drive or block the adoption of PMS. The lack of a clear mission and vision influenced all the other blocking forces. At the same time, the existence of a clear policy, such as a mission and vision statement, influenced the other driving forces. Furthermore, exercising an appropriate management style which takes into account the current organizational culture of the company has a significant positive impact on the acceptance of performance measurement. The employment of a qualified and experienced management team that understands the concept of performance measurement is also valuable in ensuring that the design of the PMS is appropriate and the implementation successful. A practical framework based on the findings was created to overcome the key identified problems associated with PMS adoption. From these findings, the research results offer both useful and actionable implications for practitioners such as managers and external consultants involved in PMS, particularly in Brunei. Consideration was given to the breadth of the interviews and the use of other documentary data, as well as the limitations of the case study method employed in the research. This should ensure the findings will be useful for companies currently implementing PMS or those intending to in the future. Given the context of this research, the findings will predominantly be of use in developing countries.
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Lau, Hon Chung. "Fishers of men in the abode of peace missiological reflections on Brunei Darussalam /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Ahmad, Kumpoh Asiyah az-Zahra. "Conversion to Islam : the case of the Dusun ethnic group in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9804.
Full textAbstract:
A literature review on the conversion studies reveals that most models of religious conversion postulate Christian-centric and western-centric perspectives. One of these models is the seven-stage Rambo Model. This study’s main objective is to critically engage the Rambo Model in exploring the conversion process of the Dusun Muslim converts in Brunei Darussalam and to answer the first research question that seeks to find out the actual definitions of the conversion stages as how they had been typically experienced by the converts. The model’s framework is further tested by the second research question which aims to identify the determinant that explains the variations and similarities found in the stage sequence of the conversion process of the Dusun Muslim converts in comparison to those occurring in different religious settings. Drawing on the qualitative data obtained through interviews and the utilisation of relevant literature, the case study of the Dusun Muslim converts confirms the cultural specificity issue inherent in the Rambo Model. Some theoretical changes were suggested where a new concept of contextual components and of culture-free definitions of the stages were added to the model’s framework. This modified version of the Rambo Model was found to be effective in demonstrating that the actual definitions of the conversion stages of the Dusun Muslim converts are unique and distinctly specific, principally due to the effects of Brunei’s majority-religion context. The theoretical changes of the model were also useful in explaining the variations and similarities in the stage order of conversion process occurring in different religious settings. Thus, by presenting a non-Christian and non-western case study of religious conversion, this study concludes that a more generic version of the Rambo Model can actually be formulated and be utilised by future research undertakings.
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Haji, Taha Zaitun. "Teaching primary mathematics in Brunei Darussalam : the interplay between teachers' beliefs and practices." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1995. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/teaching-primary-mathematics-in-brunei-darussalam--the-interplay-between-teachers-beliefs-and-practices(b36e3a20-6949-46d1-9233-a0b618befc83).html.
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Goh, Adeline Yuen Sze. "Learning to become a Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) teacher in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21111/.
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This thesis was devised to explore my central interest in finding out empirically how individuals learn to become Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) teachers in Brunei. This study was based on a case study of twelve participants which includes five males and seven females undergoing a one year full-time Post Graduate Certificate Technical Education course in Brunei. Each participant was interviewed twice: once at the beginning of the course and once at the end of the course. My main empirical findings show that social relationships in learning situations are important with regard to becoming a VTE teacher in Brunei. Within different learning situations, individuals were also proactive in taking control of their own learning. In addition, my findings illustrate that most, if not all, student teachers have learned and changed towards the end of the teacher training course. The process of becoming a VTE teacher could logically be seen as two separate stages; choosing and learning to become a VTE teacher. One of the thesis objectives was also to understand the relationship between career decision-making and learning in relation to the Brunei VTE teachers. Drawing from Hodkinson et al.'s (1996) careership theory and Hodkinson et al. 's (2008) integrated theory of learning cultures and cultural theory of learning, I conclude that the two stages are integrated in practice and should be viewed as an on-going learning process called an individual learning journey. Based on my empirical findings, I also conclude that Hodkinson et al.'s (2008) learning theories need to be extended in order to fully understand social relationships, individual agency within learning cultures and to take into account that learning cultures change even within the same learning situation when individual position and roles change. This thesis concludes by identifying some implications for research and practice that arise from the findings of this study.
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Abdul, Karim Haji S. H. "Towards an integrated information system for a public sector organisation in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/35186.
Full textAbstract:
Information systems, by nature, are open to interpretation from a number of viewpoints. This thesis emphasizes that information systems are not 'technical' systems that have behavioural and social consequences, they are 'social systems' that rely to an increasing extent on information technology for their functions. Hence any systems development methodologies used cannot deal simply with the problem of how one designs technically reliable and cost-effective information systems. Instead it regards systems development as an example of multidimensional social change, the application of technology may not be a desirable solution to the situation. The choice of a development methodology should therefore take into account its sensitivity to the cultural, social, and political aspects of systems design. The aims of the thesis are three-fold. The first aim is to transform an idea or perception of needs into actionable drivers for change in a public sector organisation in Brunei Darussalam. The second aim is to identify and diagnose the problems associated with the management of information. Finally, the study aims to identify a suitable methodology that can be used to investigate a number of organisational issues.
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Hj, Zaini Muhd Zaki. "An analysis of the management of Zakat allocation and distribution in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21329.
Full textAbstract:
The role of the state is not limited to only collecting Zakat but it must also distribute Zakat effectively. The correct practice of Zakat distribution is necessary to ensure the Zakat fund is utilised effectively and that it has the maximum impact on recipients especially in countries which do not enforce Zakat payment. In Brunei, the collection and distribution of Zakat is managed by the Division of Zakat Collection and Distribution Brunei (DZCDB). Based on the findings of this study some positive and negative issues are raised concerning the practice of Zakat distribution adopted by DZCDB. The findings show that DZCDB adopted a comprehensive priority assessment system which indicates a positive approach: in the earlier stage of assessment those who were more financially in need were more likely to be granted Zakat cash, while in distributing the amount of Zakat cash those who were more vulnerable and financially disadvantaged were more likely to receive a higher amount of Zakat cash assistance. Similar practice was also seen in distributing most of the non-cash assistance provided by DZCDB where the majority of recipients were those who were more financially disadvantaged. There were also a high number of cases where assistance was granted to non-applicants showing the inclusiveness of the assessment system. The amount of Zakat cash given to the recipients was found to have a very significant positive impact but the impact is not strong enough to create the right impact by enriching the recipients. The majority of the poor receiving Zakat remain below the Zakat poverty line despite receiving Zakat cash, and a similar situation was also observed among the needy recipients where there were substantial cases of income remaining below the Zakat poverty line. DZCDB has to be careful in granting assistance to non-applicants, especially on granting debt-relief, and has to make sure the granted assistance is necessary. The analysis of the characteristics of Zakat applicants indicates the severity of the poverty level and unemployment among the applicants which indicates the necessity for DZCDB to collaborate intensively with pertaining agencies not only to deal with the poverty and unemployment issues but also to help DZCDB to tailor its assistance.
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Aziz, Hanan Pehin. "Domestic and sexual violence against women from the Islamic perspective : focus on Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683019.
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Khalid, Madihah. "Enhancing the mathematical achievement of technical education students in Brunei Darussalam using a teaching and learning package." Thesis, Curtin University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2456.
Full textAbstract:
Mathematics plays a key role in many of today’s most secure and financially rewarding careers. In almost every sector of the economy, a substantial core of mathematics is needed to prepare students both for work and for higher education. The impact of computers and information technology in areas as diverse as manufacturing and advertising means that understanding mathematics becomes more important because it provides students with basic prerequisites in other useful areas such as problem-solving. Technical students in Brunei are trained with the skills needed in the world of industry and commerce to become competent workers and many of them continue to pursue higher education. They need the right balance of mathematics that can prepare them for both purposes. Considered to be academically weak, and coming from the system (high schools) whose teaching approaches benefit abstract learners, these students need to be motivated and have their interest in mathematics nurtured. This study is an attempt to improve the mathematical skills of technical students in Brunei by developing a teaching and learning package that can be used by mathematics instructors with their students. The package was designed to provide student-centred instruction and focuses on the learning environment aspects of “Teacher Support”, “Innovation”, “Cooperation”, “Task Orientation” and “Relevance”. These learning environment aspects were incorporated into each category of the ARCS motivational model (Keller, 1983b) for the purpose of enhancing motivation. It was anticipated that students’ mathematical understanding and attitude would be improved when their learning environment and thus their motivation was enhanced.When the package was implemented among a group of technical students, they experienced an approach to the teaching of mathematics that shifted from instruction fostering the procedures of practice and memorisation toward instruction that emphasised mathematical inquiry and conceptual understanding. Integrated curricula and cooperative learning techniques were used to link both the mathematics understanding of materials and their composition to the application of materials in the world of work. The use of technology to pursue mathematical investigations by way of learning aids was encouraged because the impact of technology on education today cannot be ignored. A group of students from two classes were involved in the implementation of the package to determine its effectiveness, for a duration of eight weeks. By applying the pre-experimental design methodology to the study, pre-test and post-test were used to measure students’ cognitive and affective changes. Mathematics proficiency in the categories of procedural skills, conceptual understanding and problem solving abilities were measured and examined by comparing students’ pre- and post-test results. Other forms of assessment such as projects and graded class-work (and homework) and also the communication that took place between the students during discussions were analysed to further validate their mathematical understanding. The learning environment and attitude factors mentioned were identified and validated through surveys, observations and interviews. A learning environment instrument called the College Classroom Environment Inventory (CCEI) was adapted for the purpose of measuring students’ perception of the learning environment.Another instrument named the Attitude Towards Mathematics survey was designed to measure students’ attitude towards mathematics. Both instruments were created, validated and then used to measure students’ affective changes (before and after package implementation) and thus evaluate the efficacy of the package. Besides the quantitative data obtained, the qualitative data from observations and interviews was used to confirm, explain and verify results. The results obtained from this study demonstrated students’ improved cognitive outcome in all areas of mathematical proficiency measured. As for the affective outcome, there were improvements in students’ perception of the classroom environment and also in the attitude category of “Importance” where more post-test than pre-test students agreed on the importance of mathematics in everyday life. The result also indicated associations between cognitive outcomes and a number of the learning environment scales. Students who experienced the package also demonstrated better mathematical understanding compared to those who did not. Students, instructors, curriculum developers and administrators should benefit from the results of this study. The study also provides a starting point for more research of this kind to be carried out for the benefit of technical students in Brunei in particular, and for mathematics students generally.
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Jaidin, Jainatul Halida. "Conceptions of learning held by upper primary children in government shcools in Brunei Darussalam." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30349/.
Full textAbstract:
The current study examined the conceptions of learning held by upper primary children in government schools in Brunei. Previous studies have shown that the conceptions of learning held by students influence the ways in which they approach learning tasks and, in turn, impact on their learning outcomes. However, the majority of these studies were carried out with university and secondary school students, with little research involving primary school children. A phenomenographic research approach was used to describe the qualitatively different ways in which a group of sixteen upper primary children experienced learning in two government schools in Brunei. Data were gathered using scenariobased semi]structured interviews. Iterative cycles of analysis revealed three categories of description depicting three qualitatively different ways in which the children experienced the phenomenon. The three categories of description were: learning as acquiring information (Category 1), learning as remembering information (Category 2) and learning as doing hands]on activities (Category 3). These categories indicate a variation in the ways in which upper primary children experience learning in government schools in Brunei. The conceptions of learning held by the children provide a platform from which educators and policy]makers can consider possibilities for meaningful learning in government schools in Brunei.
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Jones, Gary Michael. "A study of bilingualism and implications for language policy planning in Negara Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388882.
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Musa, Haji Abd Hamit Haji. "Quality of nursing care in Brunei Darussalam : a study of educational and service issues." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285926.
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Lim, Siew Bee. "An interactive model for in-service development of primary science teachers in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298775.
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Haji, Abdul Mumin Khadizah. "An exploration of the internationalisation of the nursing and midwifery curriculum in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/362827/.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored curriculum developers’ experiences of developing and internationalising the nursing and midwifery curriculum in Brunei Darussalam (henceforth: ‘Brunei’), and students’ and graduates’ views of learning from the curriculum. The internationalisation of the curriculum, in education generally and health care and nursing in particular, has featured as a phenomenon in much global literature, describing attempts to ensure that curricula are fit for purpose, both to meet globally acceptable standards and accommodate an increasingly mobile workforce. A qualitative case study approach was used for the research. Data were collected from 34 participants (curriculum developers [n=17], students [n=8], graduates [n=9]) through semi-structured in-depth individual interviews. Qualitative data analysis used grounded theory principles and thematic analytic methods. Literature indicated that the evolution of the internationalisation of the nursing and midwifery curriculum in Brunei initially occurred due to the influence of the British over Brunei, from 1888 until 1983. The findings in this study showed that, in contemporary times, the integration of international perspectives into the curriculum has been culturally influenced whereby only perspectives considered as usable, culturally acceptable and applicable in Brunei would be selected for the curriculum. These international perspectives were further adapted to ensure relevancy to the Brunei context, in order to preserve its local identity. Data also indicated that curriculum users have contrasting perceptions on what constitutes relevance. Importantly students and graduates have particular views which characteristically were ignored in curriculum development. This study has implications for the development of an internationally oriented curriculum in nursing and midwifery which takes into account the cultural context of a specific country. Since there existed different perceptions of curriculum developers and those engaging with and learning through the curriculum, the study also points to a need to involve students in the curriculum design, an inclusion that is not apparently commonplace.
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Jaidin, Jainatul Halida. "Conceptions of learning held by upper primary children in government schools in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/30349/1/Halida_Jaidin_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The current study examined the conceptions of learning held by upper primary children in government schools in Brunei. Previous studies have shown that the conceptions of learning held by students influence the ways in which they approach learning tasks and, in turn, impact on their learning outcomes. However, the majority of these studies were carried out with university and secondary school students, with little research involving primary school children. A phenomenographic research approach was used to describe the qualitatively different ways in which a group of sixteen upper primary children experienced learning in two government schools in Brunei. Data were gathered using scenariobased semi�]structured interviews. Iterative cycles of analysis revealed three categories of description depicting three qualitatively different ways in which the children experienced the phenomenon. The three categories of description were: learning as acquiring information (Category 1), learning as remembering information (Category 2) and learning as doing hands�]on activities (Category 3). These categories indicate a variation in the ways in which upper primary children experience learning in government schools in Brunei. The conceptions of learning held by the children provide a platform from which educators and policy�]makers can consider possibilities for meaningful learning in government schools in Brunei.
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Yusof, Jamilah. "Mathematics errors in fractions work: a longitudinal study of primary level pupils in Brunei." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1803.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the different types of mathematical errors exhibited by primary level pupils in Brunei when working with fractions. In addition, the study examined pupils' attitudes towards the learning of fractions and investigated if there were gender differences among Bruneian pupils' performances with fractions and with their attitudes towards fractions. The study was longitudinal in nature and its two phases involved a single cohort of Primary 5 pupils followed through a full year period in four government-funded primary schools in Brunei Darussalam. Pupils' mathematical errors were assessed by means of researcher-developed paper-and-pencil tests, while pupils' attitudes towards the learning of fractions were measured by means of an adapted version of attitude questionnaire that has been used previously with Bruneian pupils. Guided by six research questions, a number of statistical analyses were carried out to ensure the validity and reliability of the instruments used. These included piloting and revising the instruments, the use of Cronbach's alpha with the items in the attitude questionnaire, and the calculation of the Pearson Product Correlation Coefficient between scales of the questionnaire. The data was analysed by calculating the percentages and means of occurrences of each type of error. Paired and independent sample t-tests were carried out in order to investigate gender differences in pupils' errors and the impact of further instruction on fraction at the P6 level, while the GLM test was administered in order to investigate if there were significant change in pupils' attitudes towards fractions from the pre- to the posttests. Qualitative information obtained through pupils' interviews, field notes and lesson observations was used to support the quantitative data.The study revealed that though pupils' achievement in the post-test improved, their performances on fraction work remained generally unsatisfactory. Many pupils in the study continued to have difficulty with the basic operations on fractions and resorted to the use of keyword strategies in dealing with word problems. Despite the pupils' unsatisfactory performance in the diagnostic tests, they generally held very positive attitudes towards the learning of fractions. No significant gender differences were observed either in pupils' performance in working with fractions tasks nor with their attitudes towards the learning of fractions. The findings of this study also highlight a number of issues for mathematics teachers to consider when dealing with fractions, and the findings also have implications for the quality of the instructional activities provided by the teachers, for the impact of language transfer in the medium of instruction - that is, from Bahasa Melayu to English at the pupils' Primary 4 level- and for the quality of the teacher training program in Brunei.
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Haji, Rashid Fairul. "The development of balanced scorecards in the public sector of Brunei Darussalam : a grounded theory." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/368333/.
Full textAbstract:
This research explores the phenomenon of Balanced Scorecards in the context of the public sector in Brunei Darussalam. Balanced Scorecards has become a popular mechanism in Performance Management and Measurement System to date and has been applied in the private and public sectors of many countries. Nevertheless, despite its popularity, little is known about the role of Balanced Scorecards in the context of this present study and this research simply adds value to that body of knowledge. This research is guided by an interpretive methodology and is carried out by using Grounded Theory procedures (Strauss and Corbin, 1990, 1998). Two of Brunei’s government ministries have been purposely chosen to participate in this research project. The substantive grounded theory proposed that discretionary engagement is the core activity underpinning the Balance Scorecards process. Discretionary engagement essentially deals with the process of loose alignment or disconnection involving the higher-level directions, and the respective departmental strategic responses, in relation to the ministerial- level Balanced Scorecards strategic goals. The core phenomenon emerged from the contextual interactions of both external and internal conditioners. The effects of two internal causal conditioners are mediated by the departmental response strategies which then become an essential part of the discretionary engagement process. The impact of this core activity has undermined the initial purpose of the overall Balanced Scorecards strategy development and has, in turn, caused a variety of unintended consequences. The rich insights gained from the present study are primarily filling the research gap in both interpretive research, via Grounded theory procedures, and Balanced Scorecards knowledge in the public sector environment, by conducting the research in unexplored social setting. This study also essentially contributed to the theorising of decoupling of Performance Management and Measurement System in the context of the public sector, in the realm of New Institutional Theory of Sociology.
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Khalid, Madihah. "Enhancing the mathematical achievement of technical education students in Brunei Darussalam using a teaching and learning package." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2004. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15984.
Full textAbstract:
Mathematics plays a key role in many of today’s most secure and financially rewarding careers. In almost every sector of the economy, a substantial core of mathematics is needed to prepare students both for work and for higher education. The impact of computers and information technology in areas as diverse as manufacturing and advertising means that understanding mathematics becomes more important because it provides students with basic prerequisites in other useful areas such as problem-solving. Technical students in Brunei are trained with the skills needed in the world of industry and commerce to become competent workers and many of them continue to pursue higher education. They need the right balance of mathematics that can prepare them for both purposes. Considered to be academically weak, and coming from the system (high schools) whose teaching approaches benefit abstract learners, these students need to be motivated and have their interest in mathematics nurtured. This study is an attempt to improve the mathematical skills of technical students in Brunei by developing a teaching and learning package that can be used by mathematics instructors with their students. The package was designed to provide student-centred instruction and focuses on the learning environment aspects of “Teacher Support”, “Innovation”, “Cooperation”, “Task Orientation” and “Relevance”. These learning environment aspects were incorporated into each category of the ARCS motivational model (Keller, 1983b) for the purpose of enhancing motivation. It was anticipated that students’ mathematical understanding and attitude would be improved when their learning environment and thus their motivation was enhanced.When the package was implemented among a group of technical students, they experienced an approach to the teaching of mathematics that shifted from instruction fostering the procedures of practice and memorisation toward instruction that emphasised mathematical inquiry and conceptual understanding. Integrated curricula and cooperative learning techniques were used to link both the mathematics understanding of materials and their composition to the application of materials in the world of work. The use of technology to pursue mathematical investigations by way of learning aids was encouraged because the impact of technology on education today cannot be ignored. A group of students from two classes were involved in the implementation of the package to determine its effectiveness, for a duration of eight weeks. By applying the pre-experimental design methodology to the study, pre-test and post-test were used to measure students’ cognitive and affective changes. Mathematics proficiency in the categories of procedural skills, conceptual understanding and problem solving abilities were measured and examined by comparing students’ pre- and post-test results. Other forms of assessment such as projects and graded class-work (and homework) and also the communication that took place between the students during discussions were analysed to further validate their mathematical understanding. The learning environment and attitude factors mentioned were identified and validated through surveys, observations and interviews. A learning environment instrument called the College Classroom Environment Inventory (CCEI) was adapted for the purpose of measuring students’ perception of the learning environment.
Another instrument named the Attitude Towards Mathematics survey was designed to measure students’ attitude towards mathematics. Both instruments were created, validated and then used to measure students’ affective changes (before and after package implementation) and thus evaluate the efficacy of the package. Besides the quantitative data obtained, the qualitative data from observations and interviews was used to confirm, explain and verify results. The results obtained from this study demonstrated students’ improved cognitive outcome in all areas of mathematical proficiency measured. As for the affective outcome, there were improvements in students’ perception of the classroom environment and also in the attitude category of “Importance” where more post-test than pre-test students agreed on the importance of mathematics in everyday life. The result also indicated associations between cognitive outcomes and a number of the learning environment scales. Students who experienced the package also demonstrated better mathematical understanding compared to those who did not. Students, instructors, curriculum developers and administrators should benefit from the results of this study. The study also provides a starting point for more research of this kind to be carried out for the benefit of technical students in Brunei in particular, and for mathematics students generally.
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Teo, Siew Yea. "An analysis of female labour supply and earnings in small islamic country: evidence from Brunei Darussalam /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18114.pdf.
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Ismail, Pengiran Anak Haji Amiruddin Alam Shah bin Pengiran Anak Haji. "The needs and objectives of the teaching and learning of Arabic language in Negara Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485403.
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This case study aims, to establish the expectations of future trends of teaching Arabic in Negara Brunei Darussalam, with special reference to 1pe findings of the Needs Analysis in teaching and learning Arabic in educational institutions (Arabic Secondary School, ASS and Universiti B1\lIlei. Darussalam, UBD), and government . ~ . Ministries (the Ministry ofReligious Affairs, MRA; the Ministry ofEducation, MOE; and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, :MFA). A questionnaire was developed and used for students in the schools and university, and for officers in the three ministries. The ~concept of teaching is understood' here as a process that is fundamentally and inseparably bound up with learning. The teaching of a language based on learnerqentred ,education has become a new trend in the teaching of a language' in recent years. This should be considered as leading to the development and improvement of , the teaching of Arabic in the above mentioned institutions. The teaching of the target language should be focused on learner behaviour and should be coordinated with the learner's goals in, needs for, and objectives in the studying of Arabic; In fact, ,acknowledgment that learners have needs has resulted in the identification of many· factors which influence the learning and teaching process. Issues related to the teaching and learning of Arabic in each institution has been discussed, and some problems have been detected and defined. To solve these problems, I have proposed several recommendations and suggestions; it is hoped and expected that the quality of the teaching and learning of the Arabic language in Negara Brunei Darussalam will thus be improved, arid iI). particular at the five institutions that require and use of Arabic.
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Chua, Kui Hong, and kuihongchua@hotmail com. "Studies on Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (HDM 15) A Medicinal Native Plant of Brunei Darussalam." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080703.112512.
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Ethno botanical surveys have revealed that Brunei Darussalam has a rich source of tropical medicinal plants. As 80% of the country's land is covered by tropical rainforest, Brunei Darussalam may have some medicinal plants with unique characteristics of secondary metabolites. Some plants such as Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don and Eurycoma longifolia Jack have long been used by the local communities to treat various disease conditions. However, no research has been done in terms of the constituents or biological activities of the Brunei Darussalam medicinal plants. We have investigated the genetic variability diversity and pharmacological actions of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees [1] also known as Daun Pahit or Chuan Xin Lian or King of Bitters by an interdisciplinary approach, involving DNA-based RAPD and RFLP analyses, HPLC-based chemical analysis as well as cell culture and tissue-based bioassays. We have demonstrated that Andrographis paniculata extr acts exhibited a range of actions including antioxidant, anti-allergies, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. Some of the pharmacological actions of Andrographis paniculata are co-related with their active constituents Andrographolide (A) and Dehydroandrographolide (D). The study is valued not only in obtaining experimental evidence for supporting traditional use of native medicinal plants but also in establishing a platform for studying other medicinal plants in Brunei Darussalam.
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Martin, Peter Wesley. "Accomplishing lessons bilingually in three primary classrooms in Negara Brunei Darussalam : insights into the dwibahasa programme." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387442.
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Yusof, Jamilah. "Mathematics errors in fractions work : a longitudinal study of primary level pupils in Brunei /." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15027.
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This study examined the different types of mathematical errors exhibited by primary level pupils in Brunei when working with fractions. In addition, the study examined pupils' attitudes towards the learning of fractions and investigated if there were gender differences among Bruneian pupils' performances with fractions and with their attitudes towards fractions. The study was longitudinal in nature and its two phases involved a single cohort of Primary 5 pupils followed through a full year period in four government-funded primary schools in Brunei Darussalam. Pupils' mathematical errors were assessed by means of researcher-developed paper-and-pencil tests, while pupils' attitudes towards the learning of fractions were measured by means of an adapted version of attitude questionnaire that has been used previously with Bruneian pupils. Guided by six research questions, a number of statistical analyses were carried out to ensure the validity and reliability of the instruments used. These included piloting and revising the instruments, the use of Cronbach's alpha with the items in the attitude questionnaire, and the calculation of the Pearson Product Correlation Coefficient between scales of the questionnaire. The data was analysed by calculating the percentages and means of occurrences of each type of error. Paired and independent sample t-tests were carried out in order to investigate gender differences in pupils' errors and the impact of further instruction on fraction at the P6 level, while the GLM test was administered in order to investigate if there were significant change in pupils' attitudes towards fractions from the pre- to the posttests. Qualitative information obtained through pupils' interviews, field notes and lesson observations was used to support the quantitative data.The study revealed that though pupils' achievement in the post-test improved, their performances on fraction work remained generally unsatisfactory. Many pupils in the study continued to have difficulty with the basic operations on fractions and resorted to the use of keyword strategies in dealing with word problems. Despite the pupils' unsatisfactory performance in the diagnostic tests, they generally held very positive attitudes towards the learning of fractions. No significant gender differences were observed either in pupils' performance in working with fractions tasks nor with their attitudes towards the learning of fractions. The findings of this study also highlight a number of issues for mathematics teachers to consider when dealing with fractions, and the findings also have implications for the quality of the instructional activities provided by the teachers, for the impact of language transfer in the medium of instruction - that is, from Bahasa Melayu to English at the pupils' Primary 4 level- and for the quality of the teacher training program in Brunei.
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Rahman, Junaidi Haji Abd. "Reflection on writing in portfolio assessment : a case study of EFL primary school pupils in Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3090/.
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This research focuses on the reflection practices of 45 young learners of English in Brunei Darussalam. The purpose of the research was to ascertain the feasibility of employing a reflection exercise, as a core component of a writing portfolio assessment procedure, in the context of Brunei Darussalam. The research adopted a case study approach which was specifically aimed at: a) examining the reflection criteria used by pupils; b) identifying any developmental pattern of reflection in the use of these criteria: and c) determining the correlation between writing performance and the pattern of progression in reflection. The findings of the study suggest that the pupils made use of a number of criteria which can be grouped into three categories according to the extent of their approximation to the concept of reflection and their focus on the writing pieces being reflected on. In terms of progression, it was found that a large number of pupils were considered mixed in their reflection, a third showed positive progression, while a small number failed to progress. The correlation between the pupils' writing performance and their progression in reflection was found to be significant, especially among female pupils. The implications of the findings, among others, are that: a) the concept of reflection within portfolio assessment is generally practicable among the young learners in the context of Brunei Darussalam; b) some evidence for positive progression in the use of the selection criteria categories essentially illustrates the pupils' ability to shift the focus of their reflection; c) the evidence to suggest the link between performance in writing and progression in reflection calls for more investigation possibly with the involvement of a larger population sampling. These implications are significant not only for the research community, where there is a clear lack of research of this kind with young learners or learners of English as a foreign language; but also for the Brunei Darussalam context where portfolio assessment is one new approach to assessment being recommended to schools.
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Sion, Habibah. "The Preparation of Deputy Heads to Become Head Teachers of Secondary School Head in Negara Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487483.
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The main focus of this study is the 'route of learning' taken by Deputy Heads as they learn to be Heads, and how this preparation is achieved in Brunei's secondary schools. It is felt that the Ministry of Education in Brunei does not yet have adequate strategic and systematic pl~ in place to prepare deputies for headship. The preparation practices that do exist are carried out on an 'ad-hoc' basis for example the sending of some selected Deputy Heads for training either locally or abroad. Additionally, the issue of preparing for headship is very new in the field of academic research in the Brunei context. According to e.g., ERIC search, local research has been concerned with the training and development of school Heads, and identifying the skills that they required, but none have.focused on specifically investigating in depth how to develop those skills. Since independence in 1984, Brunei's industrial and economic development has been rapid, creating an increasing demand for more skilled and educated manpower to participate in national development. The government's response to these developments has been to give high priority to HRD with special emphasis on education, training and development. Since educational establishments play a very important role in the production of a quality workforce needed by the country, this study focuses on institutional. development with !articular emphasis on the development of managers or leaders particularly Heads of Schools and their Deputies. If the quality of education and training is to be achieved, school managers must be enterprising, visionary, quality conscious and most important, contribute effectively to successful schooling. School leaders are therefore expected to be knowledgeable, skillful and have the competencies to meet the changing economic environment and also the existing and future educational challenges. To meet this requirement and expectation, effective preparation of school leaders is of paramount importance and it deserves to be given serious consideration. Given this background, the study aims to examine the existing process in the preparation of school leaders, particularly in terms of 'experiential learning' which underpins part of 'modes of learning' from the aspect of informal (daily experiences, previous job experiences and acting headship), relational learning (networking within the school management team and mentoring or coaching) and formal learning (training and qualification). The study also examines the current practices and policy developments in respect of school leadership development. ,The study applies a qualitative case-study method in which semi-structured interviews. constitute the main data-collection technique, supplemented and enriched by diary keeping and telephone interviews to elicit information on the perceptions, experiences and views of school Heads and Deputy Heads at the school and ministerial (policy makers) levels. A total of 17 key stakeholders, mainly school Heads and Deputy Heads, and policy makers participated in the study. A survey by telephone was conducted for all government secondary schools (Head and Deputy Heads) at the initi~ stage of the study to carry out the selection of the respondents using purposive sampling in order to narrow down the number of respondents for further research using a case-study method. The study reveals'a number of key findings which should be noted and also should be applied in the current school setting. Firstly, the respondents agreed that informal and relational aspects ofleaining provided them with the~ opportunity to understand and learn their own personal strengths and weaknesses including skill gaps and knowledge. Interestingly, the nature of networking and mentoring activities between Head and Deputy Heads. influenced the respondents' perceptions of team-work, learning and the kind of 'leade~ship style' which in tum influenced the perceptions of deputy heads as their 'future reference' for positive and negative role modeling. Therefore, such variables should be given special attention by the school and ministerial level officials in the efforts to . improve the process of preparing deputies to be school Heads. The study also shows that most respondents (deputy Heads) were not aware ofthe 'sub-conscious learning' they had gone through via informal ~pects oflearning un&l they were asked questions for the purpose ofthis research. Secondly, in the area of formal learning (training and qualification), the study shows that not all schools are managed by well qualified and trained leaders. A few school leaders have been trained in educational managementwhile others have not been trained. likeWise, Deputy Heads in some schools have been groomed for future Heads while in other schools grooming has not taken place. The existing leadership training that is being offered at the Universiti Brunei Darussalam, namely; MA Educational Management and Leadership of Educational Programme, has been viewed by the respondents as 'inadequate' to meet the needs of existing and future school Heads. The study also revealed some deficiencies in the current system. These include the absence of a systematic procedure for recruitment and selection of future Heads, the absence of training policy for preparing the Heads and teachers in schools and the reliance on 'ad-hoc' procedures in the preparation for headship. Some form of 'standardization' is needed so that in future the procedures for preparing school heads can be applied consistently across schools. I An interesting finding of the study is that the three categories of stakeholders (policy makers, Head Teachers and Deputy Heads) are consistent in their perception that the three aspects of learning, namely: informal, relational and formal, are important for the preparation of school heads. These aspects of learning, therefore, should be incorporated consciously and offered to all officers who are identified as future school heads. The study concludes with a number of suggestions for improving current practices. [t is proposed that certain principles could be adopted as a framework for guiding the successful preparation of school leaders in Brunei secondary schools. This study is by no means an end in itself. There are suggestions . . on areas for further study such as the issue of 'know/edge transfer' for trained school heads and why some school heads do not fully internalize their leadership and management training; issues on professional and organizational socialization, and generalization for future research and comparative studies with other sectors or regional level organizations.
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com, ashri_ha@hotmail, and Ashri Haji Ahmad. "Quality Assurance of the Assessment Process in Brunei Darussalam Vocational and Technical Education: Stakeholders' Perceptions and Future Challenges." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070917.103229.
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Quality and quality assurance in education have become global issues in the last decade. Educational institutions around the world are focusing on designing and implementing quality assurance systems to ensure students a high quality of education. In many countries, including Brunei Darussalam, the development of a national system of quality assurance in education has sometimes brought confusion and controversy. The main reason for this stems from the conflicting perspectives of different interest groups: mainly governments, administrators and academic staff, but students, employers and the general public also have significant voices. All, of course, are committed to quality but each regards quality in a slightly different way.
This study set out to explore the perceptions of two groups of stakeholders, administrators and teachers, about the quality assurance system and in particular, the quality assurance of the assessment process in vocational and technical education (VTE) in Brunei Darussalam. The study examined the stakeholders understanding of the term quality and the significance of quality assurance measures. It assessed the extent to which these measures have been utilised by the Department of Technical Education (DTE) and its Vocational and Technical Education Institutions (VTEIs) and it also examined the challenges facing DTE and its VTEIs in ensuring quality VTE.
A mixed-method research approach was used in this investigation, including document analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The results provide insights into stakeholders perceptions of quality and a range of purposes for quality assurance system implementation. The effectiveness of the current system based on an external moderation system generated mixed views. The study identified the lack of a structured comprehensive quality assurance system for the assessment process in the DTE and VTEIs and highlighted ways in which quality assurance of the assessment process measures are currently formulated. Both groups of stakeholders agreed that there are challenges confronting the DTE and its VTEIs. Several recommendations were made to improve the current quality assurance measures. The study was timely in light of the increased interest in shaping quality assurance mechanisms in VTE in Brunei Darussalam.
Overall this study carries implications for a better understanding of quality in VTE and issues related to the implementation of a quality assurance system.
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Aziz, Rosdi Bin Haji Abdul. "The effectiveness of public service complaint management processes in contexts of autocratic governance : the case of Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6213/.
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Almost inevitably on occasions, purchasers, customers or users of services will be so dissatisfied with the quality or experience of procurement that they will feel driven to make a complaint. Whether in relation to public or private sector organisations, complaints can provide suppliers with valuable feedback information about their services which may help to inform and direct improvements more generally as well as in relation to the particular case and circumstances. This aim of this study has been to examine complaint management within a public governmental organization – and particularly within such an organization in an autocratic state context. The study has taken the form of a case-study – set in Brunei Darussalam - and involved a mixed methods research approach of both a survey of some 200 public servants with a structured questionnaire, and a set of some 60 more in-depth, semi structured, interviews with senior governmental officials drawn from a range of departments. While, almost all respondents and interviewees readily acknowledged the importance and value of complaints and complaint management as a key component of good customer focus, the research found that, mostly, the mechanisms for realizing such value were not in place and that, in practice, few government departments in Brunei were managing complaints in any systematic manner. This state of affairs, it has been concluded, reflects the lack of market or democratic pressures for departments to learn from complaints and to improve its public services.