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1
Mantala, Chawanakorn. "Sensorless control of brushless permanent magnet motors." Thesis, University of Bolton, 2013. http://ubir.bolton.ac.uk/625/.
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In this thesis, a sensorless control method of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs), whose machine neutral points are accessible, for all speeds and at standstill is proposed, researched and developed. The sensorless method is called Direct Flux Control (DFC). The different voltages between a machine neutral point and an artificial neutral point are required for the DFC method. These voltages are used to extract flux linkage signals as voltage signals, which are necessary to approximate electrical rotor positions by manipulating the flux linkage signals. The DFC method is a continuous exciting method and based on an asymmetry characteristic and machine saliencies. The DFC method is validated by implementing on both software and hardware implementation. A cooperative simulation with Simplorer for the driving circuit and programming the DFC and Maxwell for doing finite element analysis with the machine design is selected as the software simulation environment. The machine model and the DFC method are validated and implemented. Moreover, the influences of different machine structures are also investigated in order to improve the quality of the measured voltages. The hardware implementation has been employed on two test benches, i.e. for small machines and for big machines. Both test benches use a TriCore PXROS microcontroller platform to implement the DFC method. There are several PMSMs, both salient poles and non-salient poles, which are used to validate the DFC method. The flux linkage signals are also analyzed. The approximation of the flux linkage signal is derived and proposed. A technique to remove the uncertainty of the calculated electrical rotor position based on the inductance characteristics has been found and implemented. The electrical rotor position estimation method has been developed based on the found flux linkage signal approximation function and analyzed by comparing with other calculation techniques. Moreover, the calculated electrical rotor position is taken into account to either assure or show the relation with the exact rotor position by testing on the hardware environment. The closed loop speed sensorless control of PMSMs with DFC is presented and executed by using the assured calculated electrical rotor position to perform the DFC capability. This thesis has been done in the Electric Machines, Drives and Power Electronics Laboratory, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Soest, Germany.
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Ede, Jason David. "High-speed permanent magnet brushless DC motors." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.719807.
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Martin, Benjamin C. "Geometric Design Optimization of Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MartinBC2009.pdf.
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Bentouati, Syham. "Permanent magnet brushless DC motors for low cost applications." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487427.
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Liu, Chunhua. "Design, analysis, control and application of permanent-magnet hybrid brushless machines." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841665.
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Niu, Shuangxia. "Design, control and application of double-stator permanent magnet brushless machines." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841677.
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Mevey, James Robert. "Sensorless field oriented control of brushless permanent magnet synchronous motors." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1507.
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Britten, Mark David. "Torque Controlled Drive for Permanent Magnet Direct Current Brushless Motors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5252.
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This thesis describes the design and implementation of a simple variable speed drive (VSD) based on a brushless direct current (BLDC) machine and discrete logic circuits. A practical VSD was built, capable of operating a BLDC machine in two quadrants, motoring and regenerative braking. The intended applications are electric scooters and electric bicycles, where the recovered energy from braking extends the range of the vehicle. A conceptual four quadrant VSD, suitable for three and four wheelers requiring reverse operation, was designed and tested in simulation. Simplicity was emphasized in this design to help achieve a robust, easy to analyse system. The versatility of multi-function gate integrated circuits (ICs) made them ideal for implementing the commutation logic and keeping the system simple. The BLDC machine has sensors with a resolution of 60 ed to determine rotor position. An electronic commutator or phase switcher module interprets the position signals and produces a switching pattern. This effectively transforms the BLDC machine into a direct current (DC) brushed machine. A synchronous step down converter controls the BLDC machine current with a tolerance band scheme. This module treats the BLDC machine as if it was a DC machine. The leakage inductance of the electric machine is used as the inductive filter element. The unipolar switching scheme used ensures that current flows out of the battery only for motoring operation and into the battery only during regeneration. The current and torque are directly related in a DC brushed machine. The action of an electronic commutator or phase switcher creates that same relationship between torque and current in a BLDC machine. Torque control is achieved in the BLDC machine using a single channel current controller. The phase switcher current is monitored and used to control the duty ratio of the synchronous converter switches. Successful operation of the practical VSD was achieved in two quadrants: forwards motoring and forwards regenerating. The maximum tested power outputs were 236W in motoring mode and 158W in regenerating mode. The output torque could be smoothly controlled from a positive to a negative value. iv v Simulation of the conceptual four quadrant design was successful in all the motoring, generating and active braking zones. The required manipulation of logic signals to achieve this type of operation was done automatically while the machine was running. The resulting output torque is smoothly controlled in all of the operating zones. Commutation at certain speeds and torques are handled better by some topologies than others. Some current sensing strategies adversely affect instantaneous phase currents under certain conditions. The final design chose the method where phase currents experience no overshoot, minimizing component stress. The battery, or energy storage system, used in verifying the operation of the VSD in the practical electric bicycle was found to be the most limiting component. In regenerating mode, the low charge acceptance rate of the battery reduced the maximum retarding torque and energy recovery rate.
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Niu, Shuangxia, and 牛双霞. "Design, control and application of double-stator permanent magnet brushless machines." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42841677.
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Liu, Chunhua, and 劉春華. "Design, analysis, control and application of permanent-magnet hybrid brushless machines." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42841665.
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Xia, Wei. "A new phase decoupling permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its control /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19667747.
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Yu, Chuang, and 余创. "Design, analysis and control of flux-mnemonic permanent magnet brushless machines." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44769027.
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Li, Fuhua, and 李富华. "Design, analysis, control and application of permanent magnet brushless dual-memory machines." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208621.
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Conventional PM machines have fixed PM excitation and can only perform flux-weakening by controlling the d-axis current. This current incurs the power dissipation and reduces the efficiency during flux-weakening operations.
Memory machines change this situation by introducing the memory function, namely magnetizing or reversely magnetizing Al-Ni-Co PMs to change the air-gap flux density. This provides another new way to realizing flux-weakening. And the elimination of the flux-weakening d-axis current improves the overall efficiency. But the single-memory machines have lower power density due to the low-energy Al-Ni-Co PMs.
By incorporating the memory concept and with the intention of improving the power density, the DC-excited PMBL dual-memory machines have been proposed and implemented, based on two kinds of PMs which are high-coercivity Nd-Fe-B PMs and low-coercivity Al-Ni-Co PMs. The Nd-Fe-B PMs provide a strong magnetic field to excite high air-gap flux density; while the Al-Ni-Co PMs can be forward magnetized to strengthen the magnetic field produced by Nd-Fe-B PMs or can be reversely magnetized to cancel that field. Consequently the air-gap flux density can be controlled within a wide range.
A series of design principles on such kind of dual-memory machine are devised for guidance. The key design principles involve how to determine the number of salient poles on the stator and rotor, how to choose the surface areas and thicknesses of the two kind of PM pieces and how to size the rotor dimension.
Generally, increase on the proportion of Nd-Fe-B PMs will raise the base field and the load capacity. On the other hand, increment on the proportion of Al-Ni-Co PMs will extend the controllable flux range. Analysis is also carried out on the equivalent magnetic circuit to formulate the magnetizing force exerted on Al-Ni-Co PMs.
The machine model is analyzed by using time-stepping FEM (TS-FEM) and co-simulation of FEM software and Matlab Simulink. The dynamic reverse magnetizing processes are simulated and presented in details under different magnetizing current. In addition the effect of adding iron bridges between the two kinds PMs is also evaluated by simulations.
Furthermore, the control methods are evaluate by simulations and experiments. The direct torque control (DTC) scheme is adapted to this doubly-salient dual-memory machine and a torque estimator is proposed to facilitate the DTC method. Both of the simulation results and the experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed design principles and the effectiveness of the control methods.
Eventually, this dual-memory machine is proposed as a pole-changing wind power generator and a pole-changing EV machine. Simulation and experimental results have verified the validity of the pole-changing scheme and the pole-protection scheme.published_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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夏偉 and Wei Xia. "A new phase decoupling permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its control." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31235426.
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Gan, Jinyun, and 干金云. "Design, analysis and control of multiphase flux regulated permanent magnet brushless DC motor drives." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245304.
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Yong, Wang. "A new polygonal-winding permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive for electric vehicles." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628739.
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Wang, Yong, and 王勇. "A new polygonal-winding permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive for electric vehicles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628739.
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Wiriyakitja, Wisaruda. "Winding current reconstruction of brushless permanent magnet motor." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENS/09ensw798.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 101-102. The main objective of this thesis is to reconstruct the winding currents accurately by using the information of DC link current and the switching signals. Describes the advantages and disadvantages of the BLPM motor and presents a comparative study. Reports the current measurement techniques and related devices and then discusses the requirement of current sensors and their locations in detail. Explains the simulation program of the BLPM motor drive. Describes the experimental setup that is used to validate the simulation results. Provides the details of all possible switching states of the inverter that is obtained by analysing the switching patterns and the directions of the currents and the details of the LabVIEW-based simulation block diagrams.
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Goss, James. "The design of AC brushless permanent magnet motors for electric vehicle traction applications." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685970.
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Brushless permanent magnet machines are a preferred topology for electric vehicle traction due to their inherent high efficiencies and excellent power densities. Electric and hybrid vehicles are a rapidly growing sector in the global automotive industry due to concerns regarding man made climate change, pollution in urban areas and the rising and volatile cost of fossil fuels. This research thesis investigates the design of brushless permanent magnet motors for electric vehicle applications from a technical and commercial perspective. A set of computationally efficient techniques are presented that enable the performance of any sinusoidal BPM machine to be evaluated over the entire operational envelope. By applying these techniques torque/speed characteristics, efficiency maps, complex duty cycles and thermally constrained performance envelopes can be modelled within a few minutes of computation. The techniques are comprehensively validated using experimental results from a 36 slot 10 pole interior permanent magnet motor designed for a small electric vehicle traction application. A complete design methodology is presented that provides a simple and rigorous approach to the design of BPM electric motors for traction applications. A number of modern CAD tools are utilised and electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical performance aspects are taken into account. It is shown that the use of this methodology can result in a significantly improved design, compared to the use of a unstructured iterative design approach, when used by an inexperienced designer.
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Al-Hadithi, Khalid Salih Mohammad. "Mathematical modelling of permanent-magnet brushless DC motor drives." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1992. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7302.
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Brushless dc motor drives have become increasingly popular, following recent developments in rare-earth permanent-magnet materials and the semiconductor devices used to control the stator input power and to sense the rotor position. They are now frequently used in applications such as flight control systems and robot actuators, and for drives which require high reliability, long life, little maintenance and a high torque-to-weight ratio. In many motor drives the presence of torque and speed ripples, especially at low speed, is extremely undesirable. The mathematical model developed in this thesis was used to investigate their occurrence in a typical brushless dc drive system, with the objective of establishing factors which effect their magnitude and ways by which they may be reduced. The model is based on the numerical solution of the differential equations for the system, with those for the motor being formulated in the phase reference frame. Tensor methods are used to account for both the varying topology and the discontinuous operation of the motor arising from changes in the conduction pattern of the inverter supply switches. The thesis describes the design, construction and testing of an experimental voltage source PWM inverter, using MOSFET switching devices, to drive a 1.3 kW 3-phase brushless dc motor. A practical circuit is described which implements current profiling to minimize torque ripple, and the optimum phase current waveforms are established. The effect of changes in the firing angle of the inverter switches on the torque ripple are also examined. Throughout the thesis, theoretical predictions are verified by comparison with experimental results.
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Sahin, Ilker. "Measurement Of Brushless Dc Motor Characteristics And Parameters And Brushless Dc Motor Design." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611481/index.pdf.
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The permanent magnet motors have become essential parts of modern motor drives recently because need for high efficiency and accurate dynamic performance arose in the industry. Some of the advantages they possess over other types of electric motors include higher torque density, higher efficiency due to absence of losses caused by field excitation, almost unity power factor, and almost maintenance free construction. With increasing need for specialized PM motors for different purposes and areas, much effort has also gone to design methodologies.
In this thesis a design model is developed for surface PM motors. This model is used with an available optimization algorithm for the optimized design of a PM motor. Special attention is paid to measurement of parameters of a sample PM motor.
As a result of this study, an effective analytical model with a proven accuracy by measurement results is developed and applied in a design process of a surface PM motor. Parametric and performance results of analytical model and tests have been presented comparatively. A prototype motor has been realized and tested.
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Wing, Mitchell 1968. "Analysis of an energy efficient permanent magnet brushless universal motor." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9473.
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Bibliography: leaves 131-138.The vast improvements made in the development of rare earth magnets, power electronics and micro-electronics over the last two decades can claim to be the major driving forces behind the rapid growth of permanent magnet (PM) brushless motor drives. The state of the art in PM motor technology is the PM universal motor, i.e. a combination of a PM synchronous and a PM brushless direct current (DC) motor. The PM universal motor has the capability to operate as a variable speed DC shunt motor with high torque at low speeds, and also as a synchronous motor at constant speed with high efficiency. The literature on synchronous and PM brushless motors is very extensive, although no studies have dealt with the concept of a PM brushless universal motor in any detail. The objective of this thesis is to develop an energy efficient, high performance, reliable and inexpensive electrical motor to replace induction motors, in the 21st century. Initial research of different AC motors highlighted the importance of correctly designing electrical motors. The different PM synchronous motors used in this study revealed that a sound knowledge of the motor's performance characteristics, at the design stage, is crucial to the successful and optimal design of any PM motor.
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Zhu, Zi-Qiang. "The electromagnetic performance of brushless permanent magnet DC motors : with particular reference to noise and vibration." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2968/.
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A comprehensive analytical technique is developed for predicting the instantaneous magnetic field distribution in radial-field, surface-mounted permanent magnet brushless DC motors under any load condition and commutation strategy. It is based on a 2-dimensional analysis in polar coordinates and accounts implicitly for the corresponding stator winding current waveforms and the effect of stator slot openings. In addition, a 2-dimensional analytical method for calculating the back-emf waveform is presented, whilst the analytical technique is applied to the prediction of the cogging torque waveform and the calculation of the self- and mutual-winding inductances. Also developed and validated is an analytical model for predicting the steady-state dynamic performance of a 3-phase brushless DC drive, by exploiting the periodicity in the stator winding voltage and current waveforms, with due account of the influence of commutation events in the inverter bridge, the back-emf waveform, current limiting, and commutation timing etc. The model is developed further to couple with the motion equation of the rotor to enable the transient and steady-state dynamic performance of brushless DC drives to be predicted. The effect of end-shields on the vibrational behaviour of stators is investigated by the modem modal analysis technique, and new formulae for the calculation of the acoustic power radiated by a cylindrical stator of finite length, using an analytical method, are presented. A technique which combines the finite element method and Fourier analysis to account for the effects of end-shields on the acoustic radiation is developed, and the spherical acoustic radiation model of motors has been improved by the application of finite elements. Finally, a systematic analytical approach to the estimation and analysis of the acoustic noise from a radial-field, internal rotor, brushless DC motor is presented.
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Abed, Wathiq. "Robust fault analysis for permanent magnet DC motor in safety critical applications." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3550.
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Robust fault analysis (FA) including the diagnosis of faults and predicting their level of severity is necessary to optimise maintenance and improve reliability of Aircraft. Early diagnosis of faults that might occur in the supervised process renders it possible to perform important preventative actions. The proposed diagnostic models were validated in two experimental tests. The first test concerned a single localised and generalised roller element bearing fault in a permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor. Rolling element bearing defect is one of the main reasons for breakdown in electrical machines. Vibration and current are analysed under stationary and non-stationary load and speed conditions, for a variety of bearing fault severities, and for both local and global bearing faults. The second test examined the case of an unbalance rotor due to blade faults in a thruster, motor based on a permanent magnet brushed DC (PMBDC) motor. A variety of blade fault conditions were investigated, over a wide range of rotation speeds. The test used both discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to extract the useful features, and then feature reduction techniques to avoid redundant features. This reduces computation requirements and the time taken for classification by the application of an orthogonal fuzzy neighbourhood discriminant analysis (OFNDA) approach. The real time monitoring of motor operating conditions is an advanced technique that presents the real performance of the motor, so that the dynamic recurrent neural network (DRNN) proposed predicts the conditions of components and classifies the different faults under different operating conditions. The results obtained from real time simulation demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed methodology in accurately classifying faults and predicting levels of fault severity.
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Braiwish, Nasser. "Design optimisation of brushless permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/100265/.
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A novel new application of optimisation algorithm “Bess Algorithm” in the design of electric machine is presented in this thesis. The optimisation has the ability to perform global and local search and can be applied on constrained, unconstrained optimisation problem with multi-objective function, which all counted when consider optimisation algorithm for the design of electric machine. The searching procedure of the optimisation algorithm has been described in detailed. Furthermore, novel instructions and recommendation were implemented to tune the optimisation parameters, particularly for the purpose electric machine design, which in turn reduced the search space, increase efficiency and ability to find optimal solution with lower computation time. The optimisation was applied to search for optimal parameters of a benchmark electric machine with multi-objective to reduce the cost and increase the power density, power-volume ratio and efficiency. Throughout the thesis, a full detailed analytical model for the design of brushless permanent magnet synchronous motor that account for electromagnetic and thermal aspects was described. The optimisation was employed to search for optimal parameters of the analytical model that satisfy the design requirements. Then, the generated optimal parameters were evaluated and verified by Finite Element Analysis, FEA. The results from the FEA show good agreement with their corresponding values in the analytical model within acceptable range. At the same operational conditions and output specifications, the results show that the power density, volume to power ratio and cost of the new optimised motor IV were all increased by 19%, 39%, 24% respectively and the efficiency reduced only by -1%. The optimisation was also compared with one of the most usable optimisation algorithm used in the design of electric machine i.e. Genetic Algorithm. The results show that bees algorithm has more ability to cover the search space with less number of recruited bees and less number of iterations and higher computation efficiency.
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Ray, Subhasis. "Multi-objective optimization of an interior permanent magnet motor." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116021.
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In recent years, due to growing environmental awareness regarding global warming, green cars, such as hybrid electric vehicles, have gained a lot of importance. With the decreasing cost of rare earth magnets, brushless permanent magnet motors, such as the Interior Permanent Magnet Motor, have found usage as part of the traction drive system in these types of vehicles. As a design issue, building a motor with a performance curve that suits both city and highway driving has been treated in this thesis as a multi-objective problem; matching specific points of the torque-speed curve to the desired performance output. Conventionally, this has been treated as separate problems or as a combination of several individual problems, but doing so gives little information about the trade-offs involved. As a means of identifying the compromising solutions, we have developed a stochastic optimizer for tackling electromagnetic device optimization and have also demonstrated a new innovative way of studying how different design parameters affect performance.
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Vijayraghavan, Praveen. "Design of Switched Reluctance Motors and Development of a Universal Controller for Switched Reluctance and Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drives." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29799.
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Switched Reluctance Machines (SRMs) are receiving significant attention from industries in the last decade. They are extremely inexpensive, reliable and weigh less than other machines of comparable power outputs. Although the design principles of the machine are available as a concatenation of many different sources, the need for a unified, step-by-step design procedure from first principles of electromagnetics is an absolute requirement. This dissertation discusses a procedure that can be applied by engineers with a basic background in electromagnetics. Subsequent to the design of the machine, existing finite element software can do the analysis of the machine. However, this is a laborious process and the need for an analytical method is preferable to verify the design procedure before the final verification by finite elements. The analytical procedure as well as a procedure to calculate iron losses is also developed in this dissertation. A prototype machine has been developed as an example of the design process and an existing prototype is analyzed to verify the analysis procedure.
The similarities between the SRM and the Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Machine (PMDBC) beg the consideration of the development of a converter that can be used to drive either machine. One such converter has been developed in this dissertation. The design of the drive for both the machines is seen to be very similar. As a consequence, a universal controller that can be used to operate both machines has been developed and implemented with a DSP. Simulations and experimental correlation for both drives have been presented.Ph. D.
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Mhango, Landson Manase Caron. "High power density, high speed, three phase brushless permanent magnet DC motor." Thesis, University of East London, 2010. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/2608/.
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This thesis describes a development of a high power density, high-speed 3-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motor developed specifically for use in aircraft and defence applications. The drive is essentially intended for low power, high-speed application and it incorporates an integral electronic controller. Special attention is paid to the geometry of the rotor assembly. The development of high power density permanent magnet machines has had several unsuccessful attempts by distinguished researchers. These past attempts made use of the concept of flux focusing technique which provides the airgap flux density that is higher than that in the magnets. The original contribution of the thesis is a novel rotor construction that achieves high power density through flux focusing, but in contrast to the approach of Prof K Binns, also achieves a cost effective design regarding manufacturability. The work in this thesis considers the use of 2D finite element techniques that is used to handle the electromagnetic part of the design process and provides the way in which its results identify benefits that arise from use of different forms of the rotor geometries. New design principles are described and methods of analyzing and predicting the motor performance from design data are presented and validated by comparisons of experimental and predicted results. A motor design programme is developed and its design format is presented. The essential technical features of a proposed integral power electronic controller are described. The methods of selecting an appropriate motor for an application, simulation and prediction of motor performance, thermal analysis and acceleration performance are all presented and validated by experimental measurement. The constructional features land the design techniques of the 3-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motor developed in this study have been applied to a number of commercial aerospace and defence applications and have proved to be extremely effective and competitive. Typical practical examples of applications are presented. The challenge of the study was to improve motor efficiency significantly and to design a motor that can withstand very high peripheral speeds while at the same time develop high power density without suffering from overheating. These special requirements are typical in modern aerospace and defence applications.
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Brown, D. "The analysis and simulation of permanent magnet machines for brushless drive applications." Thesis, University of Bath, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480528.
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Ahmed, Saeed Mohamed. "Investigations into the improvement of a single phase permanent magnet brushless DC motor." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10114.
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The work presented in this thesis is aimed at improving single phase permanent magnet brushless DC motors; including their operation, design, efficiency and smoothness. Three main areas were identified and researched for further improvement. As a precursor to this work, a detailed literature study related to each area is also presented. The first of these areas concentrates on the improvement of the open circuit torque for a single phase BLDC motor. The open circuit torque is not only due to the slot openings, but is also contributed by the uneven airgap which is conventionally used to solve starting problem. The aim is to enhance the starting torque at alignment positions and attenuate the torque ripple between null points where the back EMF is non-zero. The improvement of the open circuit torque was investigated in two stages. In the first stage the open circuit torque due to the slot openings was reduced, and in the second stage the focus was on enhancing the open circuit torque contributed from the uneven air gap topology with minimum ripple. The second area of investigation was to devise a new encoderless control method for a single phase BLDC motor. A detailed analysis on the derivation of the method is presented. The method has been validated both analytically and numerically. The third area of investigation was the creation of a new non-complex phase advance control method. The details of the analytical simulation and practical implementation are presented. The method has been validated experimentally and it was shown that the experimental results agree well with the analytical predictions.
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Ozturk, Salih Baris. "Direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motors with non-sinusoidal back-EMF." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2728.
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Groenewald, David Jordaan. "Evaluation of a radial flux air-cored permanent magnet machine drive with manual transmission drivetrain for electric vehicles." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6576.
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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Due to finite oil resources and its political and economical impact, a renewed interest in energy independence has compelled industry and government to pursue electric vehicle designs. The current worldwide research that is being conducted on drivetrain topologies for EVs, focus mainly on direct in-wheel drive, direct differential drive and fixed-gear differential drive topologies. Furthermore, the control strategy for these type of motor drives require a, so called, field-weakening operation in order to achieve acceptable performance characteristics for the vehicle. This thesis evaluates the use of a manual gearbox drivetrain topology and a radial flux air-cored permanent magnet (RFAPM) synchronous machine, without flux-weakening operation, as a traction drive application for EVs. For the purpose of this research study, a 2006 model Opel Corsa Lite is converted to a battery electric vehicle, and the Corsa is renamed to the E-Corsa. The Corsa is converted so that all the original functionality, boot space and space inside the vehicle are retained. The original 5-speed manual gearbox is used as drivetrain for the vehicle and a 40 kW, 70 Nm RFAPM traction drive is developed for the manual gearbox. A power electronic converter is designed for RFAPM traction drive and a Lithium ion (Li-ion) battery pack is used as energy source for the traction drive. The battery pack is mounted partially in the front and partially in the back of the vehicle to maintain an even weight distribution in the vehicle.
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El, Khawly Zakaria [Verfasser], Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schramm, and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Gerling. "Detailed Investigation on Electromagnetic Noise in Permanent Magnet Brushless Motors for Hybrid Vehicles / Zakaria El Khawly. Gutachter: Dieter Gerling. Betreuer: Dieter Schramm." Duisburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059350742/34.
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Davis, Eli Marc. "Design and performance evaluation of an electric go-kart and custom permanent magnet brushless DC motor." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74438.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 23).
This undergraduate thesis documents the design considerations and specifications of building a personal battery-powered go-kart. This includes designing and building a custom brushless DC motor for use in the drivetrain. Details of the fabrication and assembly processes are included for reference. The motor was not finished in time to be able to be tested, but the performance of the go-kart has been estimated through scientific calculations.
by Eli Marc Davis.
S.B.
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Lai, Shu Hau. "Design optimisation of a slotless brushless permanent magnet DC motor with helically-wound laminations for underwater rim-driven thrusters." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/47950/.
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Rim (or tip) driven thrusters with structurally integrated brushless PM motors are now an established technology with an increasing range of applications. In these thrusters, the stator of the motor is housed within the thruster duct, and the rotor forms a ring around the tips of the propeller. Such high pole number motors tend to be very thin radially, have very small axial length to diameter ratios, and have relatively large airgaps to accommodate corrosion protection layers on the surfaces of the rotor and stator. The relatively large diameter stator laminations of such machines tend, therefore, to have a very thin back of core and narrow teeth, which make them expensive and difficult to manufacture. This thesis proposes an alternative motor topology featuring a toothless stator whose laminations are manufactured from a single strip of steel that is edge wound into a spiral. The electromagnetic design of the motor was optimised for maximum efficiency for a given propeller torque and speed. The airgap flux density in was obtained from an analytical solution of Laplace and Poisson's equations of scalar magnetic potential. Electromagnetic torque was calculated for ideal square wave current distribution. Copper and core losses were estimated in the usual manner. Design of the machine was refined using transient finite element analysis, allowing for rotation of the rotor. The design optimisation revealed that there is an optimum radial thickness for the permanent magnet and number of poles at which the efficiency is maximum. A demonstrator machine was built and tested, and yield a 10% lower efficiency when compared with an existing slotted machine of the same diameter, with an increased volume in the slotless machine of 15%. A cost analysis yielded that the slotless edge-wound laminations are cheaper to manufacture than slotted laser-cut laminations, however the costs of the increased magnet material required are higher. This project has demonstrated a potential cost savings in the manufacture of laminations, however, for this specific thruster application the costs are offset by the need for more magnet material.
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Bureš, Petr. "Návrh synchronního stroje s permanentními magnety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376906.
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Given today’s trend with environment being very important, there has been an ongoing attempt in the rotating machine industry to create machines with highest efficiency possible. And so, permanent magnet synchronous machines represent types of machine with very high efficiency and are gradually replacing other machines in many applications. This work deals with familiarization of the properties of permanent magnet synchronous motor as well as typical design choices. The main focus of this work is the design of permanent magnet EC motor and following comparison of results obtained from analytical design and analysis in the RMxprt program. Finally, the results of design methods are compared.
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Borelli, Rafael. "Construção, acionamento e ensaios do motor bifásico de imã permanente no rotor (MBIPR)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-19052017-155349/.
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Visando uma opção de substituição, onde for possível e aplicável, do motor de indução monofásico, este trabalho relata o estudo teórico, a construção, o acionamento e os ensaios de um motor bifásico com ímã permanente no rotor, de baixa potência, utilizando imãs de ferrita na confecção do rotor.This work shows the theoretical studies, building, driving systems and tests of a small-power double-phase motor with ferrite permanent-magnet in the rotor, based on the original structure of a single-phase induction motor. The objective is to create an option to replace the single-phase induction motor where it is possible and applicable.
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Cabra, Henry. "Design, Simulation, Prototype, and Testing of a Notched Blade Energy Generation System." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4992.
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This dissertation addresses the design, simulation, prototype, and test of a new energy generation system, which transforms rotational motion into electricity by the use of an innovative turbine-generator. The system is divided in two assembled subsystems that interact to finally transform kinetic energy into electricity. The first subsystem is a miniaturized notched impulse turbine system, and the second one is a millimeter permanent magnet generator (PMG) assembled into the turbine.
The conversion of biomechanical energy to electric energy, using clean and free energy produced by a living organism, is being increasingly researched [1]-[11]. These are all viable options, but advantages and disadvantages of each type of energy conversions should be evaluated individually to determine key factors such as efficiency as an energy harvesting method, the implementation cost, size, and the final applications where they will be used.
Through this dissertation, a new option of green energy conversion is made available; focusing on the use of turbines to extract energy from microfluidics, with diverse application in biomedical, military/aerospace, and home areas. These systems have the potential of converting mechanical movement energy, and hydraulic energy into electric energy that may be sufficient for self-powering nano/micro devices and nano/micro systems. A flow, with constant pressure, a magnetic generator, and a novel impulse turbine design are combined to form a self-contained miniaturized generator system. The turbine consists of two main parts: a bearingless rotor and the enclosure or casing; while the miniaturized magnetic generator is a permanent magnet brushless machine, consisting of permanent magnets in a ring configuration and radial coils. A permanent pressure, from microfluidic pressure system, is the force used to move the blades. This rotational motion of the turbine is transformed into electricity using magnetic induction, formed by permanent magnets on the rotor and nine coils fixed in the holder of the turbine. The electricity is generated when the magnetic field rotates and moves past the conductor, which induces a current according to Faraday's Law [1-3]. The system has potential uses not only in medical equipment, but in automotive applications, home appliances, and aquatic and ventilation systems.
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Monteiro, José Roberto Boffino de Almeida. "Estratégias de acionamento e controle em máquinas CA de ímã permanente com fluxo não senoidal." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-22102015-141534/.
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O objetivo desse trabalho é o estudo e a análise do desempenho de máquinas brushless com ímã permanente no rotor, com fluxo de entreferro não senoidal. São consideradas máquinas brushless com ímã permanente na superfície do rotor. Três modelos matemáticos são considerados: o modelo por fase de estator, o modelo vetorial e o modelo velocidade-tensão de segunda ordem. Máquinas com diferentes tipos de enrolamento de estator são comparadas, incluindo as máquinas síncronas com ímã permanente no rotor (com a densidade dos enrolamentos distribuída de forma senoidal no estator). Os resultados para o torque eletromagnético das máquinas foram obtidos considerando-se dois tipos de acionamentos em malha aberta: um acionamento de seis pulsos e um acionamento senoidal. Por fim, um método de controle é apresentado para máquinas não senoidais. As ondulações no torque e o desempenho das máquinas não senoidais. As ondulações no torque e o desempenho das máquinas não senoidais, utilizando controle vetorial, são comparados aos das máquinas senoidais.The aim of this work is to analyse the torque performance of brushless machines with non-sinusoidal distributed magnetic fluxes. The machine type considered is a surface mount permanent magnet brushless machine. Three mathematical models for the machine are considered: the per stator phase, the vectorial and the linear second order speed-voltage models. Machines with different stator windings are compared including the permanent magnet synchronous machines with sinusoidal distributed stator windings. The torque outputs of these machines are obtained considering two kinds of open loop driving systems: one with a six-pulse waveform and other with a sinusoidal waveform. Finally, a vectorial control is proposed for the non-sinusoidal machines. The torque ripple as well the overall performance of non-sinusoidal machines with vectorial control is compared to that of sinusoidal machines.
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Monteiro, José Roberto Boffino de Almeida. "Transformação dq não senoidal para máquinas síncronas com imã permanente no rotor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-24092015-135013/.
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O presente trabalho apresenta uma transformação dq não senoidal e sua aplicação em máquinas síncronas com ímã permanente na superfície do rotor (MSIP) e forma de onda de FEM não senoidal. O modelo resultante da aplicação dessa transformação permite o controle direto do torque eletromagnético, permitindo reduzir as ondulações do torque produzido nesse tipo de máquina. A redução dessas ondulações em MSIPs não senoidais possibilita que esse tipo de máquina seja empregado em aplicações onde somente MSIPs senoidais, que possuem custo mais elevado, poderiam ser usadas. Simulações e resultados práticos, obtidos pela implementação do sistema de controle vetorial não senoidal desenvolvido, são apresentados no trabalho. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se verificar que o método proposto é eficaz na redução das ondulações do torque eletromagnético em MSIPs não senoidais.This work presents a non-sinusoidal dq transformation and its application in permanent- magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) with a non-sinusoidal back-EMF waveform. The resulting model of the application of such transformation permits direct control of machine electromagnetic torque, which achieves the reduction of torque ripple. The reduction of torque ripple in non-sinusoidal PMSMs makes possible the use of this kind of PMSM instead of sinusoidal PMSMs, which are more expensive. Simulation and practical results, obtained by the implementation of such non-sinusoidal vectorial control system, are shown in this work. Those results show that the method presented is efficacious in the torque ripple reduction in non-sinusoidal PM synchronous machines.
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Devgan, S. K. "Permanent magnet synchronous motors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235056.
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Tseng, Chih-Tang, and 曾智堂. "Sensorless Control of Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17868412774469163006.
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碩士大葉大學
電機工程學系
98
In this paper, a brushless DC (BLDC) motor is studied. We propose the detecting phase back-EMF sensorless controller architecture. This architecture combines analog hybrid digital-control and a control technology without sensor on brushless DC motor. Design of BLDC motor control of sensorless IC, brushless DC motor control is implemented by using Microchip Company PIC16F877 single-chip. In this study, we integrate key technologies including sensorless control technology, motor control chip design and motor drive power modules. The stationary position of rotor is first detected, and then the motor is accelerated until the back electromotive force is large enough. After this accelerating, the position of motor is estimated correctly in sensorless mode. In this method, no position sensors are required. Therefore the cost is reduced. Experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed methods.
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Shiu, Meng-Yuan, and 許孟原. "Design and Performance of Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qxz24z.
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碩士逢甲大學
電機工程所
91
Abstract The first part of the thesis is to write a design program for brushless permanent magnet motors. Then the program is applied to design a surface mounted (SPM) and an interior permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous motors with the same specifications. Finite element electromagnetic field analysis is conducted to predict the performance of the motors. Results show that SPM motors have larger values of air gap flux density, open-circuit voltage, cogging torque and average torque than IPM motors when they have the same magnet volume, and SPM motors have smaller average torque than IPM motors when they have the same values of air gap flux density. Due to the manufacturing imprecision and long time running, the rotational axis of the rotor is shifted from the center of the motor and results in vibration and noise. Therefore, the second part of the thesis is to use the finite element method to study the effect of rotor eccentricity. Results show that cogging torque increases for IPM motors but decreases for SPM motors when the rotor is not in real circular shape. It is also shown that air-gap flux design, cogging torque and average torque increase for both IPM and SPM motors, especially for IPM motors. Keyword：Surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor, Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor, Finite element method, Rotor eccentricity
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Tsai, Pei-li, and 蔡配醴. "Design and Analysis of Brushless Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98067754488502326856.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
101
The purpose of this study is to investigate the structural geometry, electromagnetic field, and design process of brushless interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motors. Typical configurations and winding layout of brushless IPM motors with exterior rotors are introduced first. The equivalent magnetic circuit model of a brushless IPM motor with an exterior rotor is then established to calculate the magnetic flux density within the air gap, while verified by the finite-element analysis (FEA). A design process, including the magnetic circuit design, electric design, and detail design, is proposed for the implementation of a brushless IPM motor. A design example with 500W, 3-phase, 18-slot/12-pole brushless IPM motor with an exterior rotor configuration is presented. By comparing with a traditional SPM motor with identical volume of permanent magnets, the electromagnetic torque of the IPM motor is reduced by 17.4%, while the torque ripple is reduced by 81%.
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Cho, Chien-Ting, and 卓建廷. "Modeling, Simulation and Analysis of the Permanent Magnet Brushless Motors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40211402666441499747.
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碩士逢甲大學
資訊電機工程碩士在職專班
99
The purpose of this thesis is to present the modeling and simulating the brushless permanent magnet motor using Matlab/Simulink. Firstly, a mathematical description of the dynamic system of the motor is created. Then the Simulink model is constructed and the simulation is conducted. An example of a three-phase, six-pole, and 27-slot surface-mounted permanent magnet motor is simulated. The simulating results including the electromotive force (EMF), the phase current, the average torque and so on, are compared to those computed using the finite element analysis.
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Chan, Jen-Hao, and 張仁豪. "Numerical Investigation into Thermal Analysis of Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26229966447173795614.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
車輛工程系所
98
The thermal flow field of the brushless permanent magnet (BPM) motor is numerical investigated in this study. The paths of the conductive and convective heat dissipation are elucidated, and the design of force convective type with fins embedded on the motor housing is also proposed. It is difficult to model motor winding area and to well pose the motor external boundary conditions for using CFD method. A possible approach to simplify the thermal resistance computation is to use an empirical equivalent thermal conductivity of the system winding impregnation and insulation. The empirical equivalent thermal conductivity is case sensitive and regressed in the experiment. The same is true for the boundary condition of motor. In this paper, we proposed a new model to compute equivalent thermal conductivity and overcome the above problem. This model takes advantage of the packing bed heat transfer model proposed by Zehner and Schlünder (1970). Several numerical and experimental experiments are conducted to validate the feasibility of the present model. The present equivalent thermal conductivity depends on several factors, such as thermal conductivity of wire insulation and impregnation resin, the volume fraction of wire inside the slot. Finally, the boundary conditions are obtained by the numerical experiments.
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Chen, Yueh-Tung, and 陳岳東. "Analysis of Cogging Torque of Brushless Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99430570662464787431.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系
102
Brushless permanent-magnet motors have many advantages, such as small volume and high output torque. But it also brings the vibration problems that come along with a higher cogging torque. This study focuses on the cogging torque reduction of brushless interior permanent-magnet motors. We design the geometric parameters of brushless interior permanent-magnet motors by Taguchi method, in order to eliminate the cogging torque. We first introduce the characteristics of brushless interior permanent-magnet motors. Then, we derive the cogging torque formula, verified by the finite element analysis software. And, we discuss four parameters that influence the cogging torque, and make these geometric parameters to be the control factors by using Taguchi method, then complete the optimization. As a result, the cogging torque of the re-designed motors declines 80.6%, and the torque ripple drops 31.5% by comparing to the original motors. On the contrary, the electromagnetic torque decreases 16%. The proposed interior permanent-magnet motors with low cogging torques and torque ripples are applicable to high precision and low vibration circumstances.
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Yao, Nian-Hong, and 姚念宏. "Design and Implementation of Slotless DC Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42916495798179440641.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
98
This thesis is concerned with the analysis, optimum design and production of slotless DC brushless permanent-magnet motors for high-speed applications such as centrifuge. The reason of proposing the kind of innovation with slotless motor molded coil production manufacturing is to improve the traditional slotless motor manufacturing. Temperature could be much lower by using electronic thermal insulating material mold, which can effectively discharge the heat generated by coil. Due to the fact that the motor is slotless, cogging torque induced by slot effect is reduced, thereby results in low noise and vibration in high-speed operation. A 4-poles, 12 coil windings is proposed for the slotless motor. Full-pitch distributed winding is adopted to yield a difference of 180 electrical degrees between any two of three-phase windings. This will result in the best utilization rate of the magnetic flux generated by the coils. The total harmonic distortion of the induced phase voltage will also be reduced accordingly. Theoretical derivations are first given to obtain optimum parameters such as air-gap flux density, rated voltage and current, etc. Analysis by finite element electromagnetic-field analysis software package, Ansoft/Maxwell_2D, is conducted to justify the characteristics obtained through the derivations mentioned above. Finally, the material of the permanent-magnet, number of coil winding as well as the geometric dimensions of the slotless motor are determined. A slotless motor molded coils winding is built. Experimental results show that the operating speed is 13,500 rpm and the frequency is 450 Hz, the rated torque is 0.21 N-m, and the cogging torque is 2×10-8 N-m, the ratio is 9.52×10-6 ％, which shows the cogging torque is very low. The induced voltage and harmonic distortion measured are 12.1 V and 4.58 %, respectively. Furthermore, this slotless motor installation and calibration is completed with Hall sensor circuit. Direction-axis and quadrature-axis inductances measured are 47.14 μHand 48.12 μH, correspondingly, with the winding resistance Rs of 0.2368Ω and flux linkage of 4.229V-s/rad.
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Cheng, Shih-Ping, and 鄭世平. "Design and Implementation of High-Performance Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47346965567773814363.
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博士逢甲大學
電機與通訊工程所
95
The purpose of this dissertation is to provide a method for the design of high performance brushless permanent magnet (PM) motors with concentrated windings and unequal tooth widths. A systematic method for winding layout procedure of PM motors is presented, and the comparison of the performance of different winding configurations is made by using finite-element analysis. A computer-aided design (CAD) program for automatic winding layout has been developed and implemented using the Visual Basic language. Secondly, a new structure of three phase brushless PM motor with single-layer concentrated windings and unequal tooth widths is presented. The design procedure and constraints of the motor with single-layer concentrated unequal tooth widths design are also presented. The electromagnetic performance of three-phase brushless PM motors with equal tooth widths and unequal tooth widths is compared completely. Finally, the method for reducing cogging torque of brushless PM motors is discussed. The influence of the combinations of the numbers of slots and poles on cogging torque of brushless PM motors is investigated. Useful criteria for selecting an adequate combination of slots and poles of three-phase brushless PM motors with low cogging torque are presented. A novel method for reducing cogging torque in surface-mounted PM motors by skewing the stator slot opening in the rotation of the machine is also presented. The commercial finite element analysis software, Flux 2D is employed to obtain the performance of the motors. The results show that a high performance PM brushless motor can be obtained by the methods presented in this dissertation. Keywords: brushless permanent magnet motor, winding layouts, concentrated winding, cogging torque, skewed slot opening, finite element analysis.
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Huang, Chun-Wei, and 黃俊維. "Analysis of Internal Permanent Magnet Brushless Motors in Electric Scooter Applications." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91825094903876862089.
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碩士國立清華大學
光電科技產業研發碩士專班
97
As the oil shortage is worsening gradually, electric scooters are attracting more attention and getting more popular in application. Many companies started research projects and even production of these scooters. Hence, electric scooters will become a transportation tool with convenience and green energy considerations. In this thesis, a high-performance, low-cost and compact electric motor would be investigated for the electric scooters. The objective is to study and design a highly efficient brushless DC motor with internal permanent magnets which are high-performance NdFeB magnets. The magnets are high in energy, magnetic retentivity, and coercivity so that the air-gap magnetic flux density inside the motor can be increased. With the goal for utilization of reluctance torque to reduce the weight and volume, this study first gathered the specifications of the scooters; and then, we design the motors based upon fundamental formulae for the sizes of the motors. We further used computer simulation tools for analysis of the magnetic circuit in details. Finally, we finished the design with data from two-dimensional magnetic field distributions of many cases with optimized parameters of the motors. By exploring the details and comparing the pros and cons from the simulations, we concluded that the design goals for electric motors in application for electric scooters have been met.