Journal articles: 'Buckling Restrained Brace Frame'

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Hu, Jong Wan, Dong Ho Choi, and Dong Keon Kim. "Inelastic behavior of smart recentering buckling-restrained braced frames with superelastic shape memory alloy bracing systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 4 (August 17, 2012): 806–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212457730.

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Buckling-restrained braced frames are steadily replacing concentrically braced frames because buckling-restrained brace can yield without buckling when subjected to both tension and compression. Though buckling-restrained brace frames are being widely used as framing structures for construction in high seismicity areas, it is shown that at large strains, a considerable amount of permanent deformation is produced at the support connector between the brace and the frame. This drawback can be overcome by providing recentering capabilities to the braced frame system. By applying the concept of a recentering system to the design of buckling-restrained brace frames, we developed braced frames that incorporate buckling-restrained braces with superelastic shape memory alloy end-support connectors. Owing to the recentering capability, shape memory alloy materials have been used in the place where large deformation may feasibly occur. The primary advantages of the innovative braced frames proposed herein are verified through nonlinear pushover analyses. Analytical frame models are developed to estimate theultimate and residual inter-story drifts. The analysis results suggest that buckling-restrained brace frames with superelastic shape memory alloy bracing systems are more effective in controlling residual inter-story drifts than those with conventional steel bracing systems owing to the inherent self-healing characteristics of superelastic shape memory alloys.

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Chu, Yun Peng, Yong Yao, Bin Xu, Yong Jun Deng, and Shu Lian Xiao. "The Damping Energy Dissipation Study on Buckling Restrained Brace in Multilayer Steel Frame." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.910.

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The buckling-restrained brace has stable energy dissipation capability. It has been widely used in recent years. This paper uses finite element software ANSYS to do non-linear time history analysis for Center Braced Steel Frame, Eccentrically Braced Steel Frame, Buckling-restrained Braced Steel Frame under the earthquake. The results show that: (1) The peak acceleration, residual displacement and top floor displacement of buckling-restrained braced steel frame is smaller than the other two brace frames, provide support for the structure stability. (2) The damping energy and bracing energy dissipation capability of buckling-restrained braces and eccentrically braced are strong, so it can avoid the collapse of the main structure under the large or medium earthquake.

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Chen, Xiang Rong, and Hua Wei Liu. "Design of Interior Joints Strength of Buckling-Restrained Braced Frame of Reinforced Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3619–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3619.

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The performance of buckling-restrained brace and the stress mechanism of interior joints in RC frame are both briefly introduced,based on which interior joints strength of buckling-restrained braced frame of reinforced concrete is studied，and contributions to the shear strength of the joint made by brace is therefore summarized. These results can serve as references for the design of interior joints strength of buckling-restrained braced frame of reinforced concrete to meet the “strong connection-weak connected member” requirement.

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Zsarnóczay, Ádám, Tamás Balogh, and László Gergely Vigh. "On the European Norms of Design of Buckling Restrained Braced Frames." Open Civil Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 513–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501711010513.

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The application of buckling restrained braced frames is hindered in Europe by the absence of a standardized design procedure in Eurocode 8, the European seismic design standard. The presented research aims to develop a robust design procedure for buckling restrained braced frames. A design procedure is proposed by the authors. Its performance has been evaluated for buckling restrained braced frames with two-bay X-brace type brace configurations using a state-of-the-art methodology based on the recommendations in the FEMA P695 document. A special numerical material model was developed within the scope of this research to represent the behavior of buckling restrained braces more appropriately in a numerical environment. A total of 24 archetype designs were prepared and their nonlinear dynamic response was calculated using real ground motion records in incremental dynamic analyses. Evaluation of archetype collapse probabilities confirms that the proposed design procedure can utilize the advantageous behavior of buckling restrained braces. Resulting reliability indices suggest a need for additional regulations in the Eurocodes that introduce reasonable structural reliability index limits for seismic design.

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Ferdinand, Niyonyungu, Zhao Jianchang, Yang Qiangqiang, Guobing Wang, and Xu Junjie. "Research on Application of Buckling Restrained Braces in Strengthening of Concrete Frame Structures." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 344–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091475.

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This paper examines the application of BRB in strengthening of reinforced concrete frame structures to meet seismic requirements according to Chinese seismic design code. Elastic response spectrum analysis and nonlinear time history analysis are performed by taking a real engineering example that suffers weak first floor irregularity due to added loads and addition of one floor. With the method of equivalent stiffness and displacement-based design method, buckling restrained brace parameters are deduced and are used to model BRB in ETABS using plastic wen model. Three configurations of buckling restrained braces are studied together with ordinary braces. Under elastic state, the relationship between the required cross section area of BRB and ordinary braces is deduced from the formula of calculating elastic bearing capacity where it is shown that the area of the ordinary braces must be 1.25 times that of BRB for ensuring the same performance. The results show that Inverted V brace configuration demonstrated better performance over single brace and V brace configurations and X brace configuration, although not recommended by Chinese code, is simulated and used in this paper and has demonstrated better performance over other configurations, and the further research on the practical use of this brace is recommended. Also, under action of strong earthquakes, by nonlinear time history analysis, buckling restrained braces demonstrated better performance of strengthening the structure and make it meet the requirement of code. Under this same condition, ordinary braces losses their bearing capacity due to excessive buckling.

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Chou, Chung-Che, and Jia-Hau Liu. "Frame and Brace Action Forces on Steel Corner Gusset Plate Connections in Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames." Earthquake Spectra 28, no. 2 (May 2012): 531–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000007.

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This work presents test and finite element analysis results for a steel buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF). The objectives are to evaluate the forces of frame and brace actions on the corner gusset plate and to develop a method that considers both actions in design. The BRBF test frame exhibited excellent performance up to a drift of 2% with a maximum axial strain of 1.7% in the buckling-restrained brace. Without free-edge stiffeners, the corner gusset plate buckled at a significantly lower strength than that predicted by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) specifications ( AISC 2005a ). By idealizing the corner gusset plate as a strut, a strut model can be used to determine the forces resulting from frame action, which are on the same order as the brace forces. Considering the stress distributions and force components from the frame and brace actions, the maximum stresses in the gusset tips are used as an additional design parameter for sizing gusset connections.

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Ozcelik, Ramazan, and Elif Firuze Erdil. "Pseudodynamic Test of a Deficient RC Frame Strengthened with Buckling Restrained Braces." Earthquake Spectra 35, no. 3 (August 2019): 1163–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/122317eqs263m.

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Three story–three bay reinforced concrete (RC) frames with and without chevron braces were tested using the continuous pseudodynamic test method. New steel–concrete composite lateral load–carrying members called Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs) were used as chevron brace members while retrofitting the RC frame. The BRBs were fitted to the interior span of the RC frame by using anchorage rods. The chevron braced frame was observed to be effective in controlling interstory drift. The test results indicated that retrofitting with BRBs was beneficial in resisting deformation without significant damage under simulated ground motions. Furthermore, significant yielding that occurred on the core plate of the BRBs enabled the braced frame to dissipate energy induced by dynamic loading. The test results were compared with the results of the nonlinear time-history analysis. The analysis results were capable of estimating the base shear capacity and displacement demands with reasonable accuracy.

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Jiang, Hua, En He Bao, and Rong Zeng. "The Static and Dynamic Seismic Design of Multi-Layer Buckling Restraint Braced Steel Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1578–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1578.

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For the aim to simplify the dynamic analysis responses of multi-storey steel frame structure under strong earthquake, the level participation ratio β of buckling restrained brace（BRB）as the main research, 6 multi buckling restrained braced frame（BRBF） models were established, and evaluate formula was given based on energy and story displacement. The results revealed that the static analysis responses of story displacement, shear and the energy distribution of buckling restrained brace and the relationship of hysteretic curve are in agreement with the dynamic when the level participation ratio β between 20% and 60%. So the static analysis value can evaluate the value of seismic response accurate under strong earthquake when the frame was designed with fixed equivalent base shear method and the level participation ratio β between 20% and 60%.

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Han, Wei, Xiao Yu Jia, and Xian Qiang Meng. "Analysis on Energy Dissipation Principle of Buckling Restrained Brace Frame." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.965.

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Buckling Restrained Brace, Abbreviated as BRB in thefollowing content, a new omponent dissipating energy and absorbing quake ,as itis installed steel constrained unit to prevent overall instability ,it can notonly maintain its stiffness and stability, but also dissipate seismic energy bythe steel core material, as a result we can protect the main structure of thebuilding. This paper focuses on the buckling restrained braced frame (BRBF) ofthe energy principle、calculation method and thespecific design process.

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Yue, Yanchao, Tangbing Chen, Yongtao Bai, Xiaoming Lu, Yan Wang, and Josephine Musanyufu. "Seismic design and analysis of reinforced concrete buckling-restrained braced frame buildings with multi-performance criteria." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 10 (October 2019): 155014771988135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719881355.

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Buckling-restrained braces play a critical role as the first-defendant line in dissipating seismic energy and are often used in concrete frame structures to ensure that the main beam–column members are “undamaged” or significantly elastic during medium earthquakes. The design of the reinforced concrete frame structures with buckling-restrained brace is generally based on the assumption of shear deformation of the structure. The conventional seismic design considers the “second-defendant line design” based on the geometric relationship between the axial deformation and strength of buckling-restrained braces and stratified deformation. This article proposes iterative optimization of the buckling-restrained brace design method and layout scheme based on the nonlinear structural response of the calibrated numerical model, and then approximates the nonlinear structure scheme using a linear method. Time history analyses are performed to prove that the linear design method is highly conservative for estimating seismic intensity, and the proposed design method provides more efficient damage distributions in frame components. The results of the nonlinear performance evaluation and energy analysis indicate that the method proposed in this article can meet the performance design requirements achieving multi-performance criteria.

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He, Li Jun, Yong Yao, and Yun Peng Chu. "Based on ANSYS Buckling-Restrained Brace Frame Structure Shock Absorption Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.651.

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Whether the design of new structure or reinforcement of the existing projects, structure earthquakereduction design is always the focus of research at home and abroad. The buckling restrained braces won the unanimous endorsement of the engineering sector with good energy dissipation capacity and simpleeasy construction process. This Paper based on the ANSYS analysis the structural response through simulated the bucklingrestrained brace frame structure and the general reinforced concrete frame on effect of the rare earthquake or design earthquake, and analysis the bucklingrestrained braces on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame structure. The analysis results show that the seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame with bucklingrestrained braces well, it can effectively reduce the maximum story drift and control structural damage. Therefore, Bucklingrestrained Brace should be used extensively to reinforced concrete framework .

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Zhang, Ji Gang, Jian Han, and Wen Yan Deng. "Experimental Study of Buckling-Restrained Brace System with Pall-Typed Frictional Damper." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2973–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2973.

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In view of general braces of Pall-typed frictional damper will produce additional axial forces on side column in frame, considering the buckling-restrained braces(BRB) to replace the general braces to make the braces action fully, it would not generate the growth of additional axial forces on side columns, to settle basis for BRBs’ application in Pall friction damping brace system. Because hysteresis behaviors of the Pall-typed friction damper are not affected by brace buckling forces, this paper puts forward that the braces use the ordinary steel plate replacing BRB core plate to do Pall-typed frictional damping brace experimental research, meanwhile considering the geometric nonlinearity the finite element simulation analyses are done for this brace system in ANSYS software. The experimental results and simulation results show that the Pall friction force and brace forces’ variation rule is almost the same, and the brace force is almost the same.

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Wang, Tingting, Jianhua Shao, Chao Zhao, Wenjin Liu, and Zhanguang Wang. "Shaking Table Test for Evaluating the Seismic Performance of Steel Frame Retrofitted by Buckling-Restrained Braces." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 6, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6654201.

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To investigate the seismic performance of buckling-restrained braces under the earthquake action, the shaking table test with a two-story 1/4 scale model is carried out for the ordinary pure steel frame and the buckling-restrained bracing steel frame with low-yield-point steel as the core plate. The failure modes, dynamic characteristics, acceleration response, interstory drift ratio, strain, shear force, and other mechanical properties of those two comparative structures subjected to different levels of seismic waves are mainly evaluated by the experiment. The test results show that under the action of seismic waves with different intensities, the apparent observations of damage occur in the pure frame structure, while no obvious or serious damage in the steel members of BRB structure is observed. With the increase in loading peak acceleration for the earthquake waves, the natural frequency of both structures gradually decreases and the damping ratio gradually increases. At the end of the test, the stiffness degradation rate of the pure frame structure is 11.2%, while that of the buckling-restrained bracing steel frame structure is only 5.4%. The acceleration response of the buckling-restrained bracing steel frame is smaller than that of the pure steel frame, and the acceleration amplification factor at the second story is larger than that at the first story for both structures. The average interstory drift ratios are, respectively, 1/847 and 1/238 for the pure steel frame under the frequent earthquake and rare earthquake and are 1/3000 and 1/314 for the buckling-restrained bracing steel frame, which reveals that the reduction rate of lateral displacement reaches a maximum of 71.71% after the installation of buckling-restrained brace in the pure steel frame. The strain values at each measuring point of the structural beam and column gradually increase with the increase of the peak seismic acceleration, but the strain values of the pure steel frame are significantly larger than those of the buckling-restrained bracing steel frame, which indicates that the buckling-restrained brace as the first seismic line of defense in the structure can dramatically protect the significant structural members. The maximum shear force at each floor of the structure decreases with the increase in height, and the shear response of the pure frame is apparently higher than that of the buckling-restrained bracing structure.

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Kari, Amir, Mehdi Ghassemieh, and Baitollah Badarloo. "Development and design of a new self-centering energy-dissipative brace for steel structures." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 6 (February 10, 2019): 924–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19828502.

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Buckling-restrained braces are able to provide significant energy dissipation along with large ductile capacity through their excellent hysteretic behavior. However, due to their lack of recentering capability, buckling-restrained braced frames experience large residual drifts following a strong earthquake, leading to enormous repair costs. To overcome this shortcoming, super-elastic shape memory alloy braces with excellent recentering capacity have been introduced as a viable alternative to steel braces. Nevertheless, their energy dissipation capacity is usually low for seismic applications. This article proposes a robust self-centering energy-dissipative brace to be used in structural frames. The brace is capable of providing adequate energy dissipation capacity in the structure while simultaneously bringing the structure to its original configuration after the earthquake.

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Liu, Chunyang, Peng Sun, and Ruofan Shi. "Seismic Response Analysis and Control of Frame Structures with Soft First Storey under Near-Fault Ground Motions." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (March 30, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2642431.

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This paper proposes two kinds of arrangements of buckling-restrained brace dampers to strengthen soft-first-storey structures locally. Two types of near-fault ground motion, with and without pulse, were selected for a study of the seismic response characteristics of soft-first-storey structures with and without buckling-restrained brace dampers, and the effects of different bracing arrangements on improving the seismic performance of soft-first-storey structures were recognized. The results show that, compared with pulse-free ground motion, near-fault pulsed ground motion results in a more severe seismic response in soft-first-storey frame structures, leading to more serious and rapid destruction of the main structure. Buckling-restrained brace dampers have an obvious energy dissipation effect, play a better role in protecting the main structure, and have good practicality. Compared with structures in which the buckling-restrained brace dampers are arranged only on the bottommost layer, the bottom-four-layer-support structure is more advantageous in terms of seismic performance.

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Zou, Xue, Jun Zhao, En He Bao, and Yi Hu Chen. "Plastic Analysis on Buckling Restrained Braced Steel Frame." Advanced Materials Research 859 (December 2013): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.859.157.

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Six pieces of building models were designed for studying the multilayer buckling restrained braced steel frame in this paper. The main parameter in the study included the frame strength and the level Participation ratio β. Second-order nonlinear time history analyses for models are conducted based on plastic hinge theory. The parametric analysis was performed on story displacement and shear. The results revealed that story bending deformation become more remarkable when the frame strength is increasing from 0.3 to 0.5 or the level Participation ratio β from 30% to 90%, and this situation is more obvious on the upper layer. The share of shear by the buckling restrained brace and the largest story shear ratio get larger in these models as the frame strength and the level Participation ratio β increasing.

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Choi, Hyunhoon, Jinkoo Kim, and Lan Chung. "Seismic design of buckling-restrained braced frames based on a modified energy-balance concept." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 1251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-068.

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The conventional energy-based seismic design procedure based on the energy-balance concept was revised for performance-based design of buckling-restrained braced frames. The errors associated with the energy-balance concept were identified and were corrected by implementing proper correction factors. The design process began with the computation of the input energy from a response spectrum. Then the plastic energy computed based on the modified energy-balance concept was distributed to each story and the cross-sectional area of each brace was computed in such a way that all the plastic energy was dissipated by the brace. The proposed procedure was applied to the design of three-, six-, and eight-story steel frames with buckling-restrained braces for three different performance targets. According to the time-history analysis results, the mean values of the top story displacements of the model structures, designed in accordance with the proposed procedure, corresponded well with the given target displacements. Key words: energy-balance concept, buckling-restrained braces, hysteretic energy, performance-based seismic design.

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Feng, Yulong, Jing Wu, Chunlin Wang, and Shaoping Meng. "Evaluating the Effect of Buckling-Restrained Brace Model on Seismic Structural Responses." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 11, no. 02 (May 10, 2017): 1750002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431117500026.

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Numerical simulation is an important measure to study the seismic performance of buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs). Practically, some simplified models, such as the elastic–plastic with kinematic hardening model and the elastic perfectly-plastic model, are used to simulate the behavior of buckling-restrained brace (BRBs). To provide structural engineers the reference of errors when simplified models are used, this paper comparatively evaluates the effect of the BRB model on seismic structural responses using the OpenSees software. A comparison is made on six-storey and 16-storey BRBFs with rigid beam-to-column connections; these are designed according to Chinese seismic design code. Moreover, the effects of the post-yielding stiffness ratio of frame [Formula: see text] and the stiffness ratio of BRB to frame [Formula: see text] on the errors are specifically investigated through a parametric study of both BRBFs. The results show that the seismic response average errors of the simplified models are mostly less than 5%, which satisfies the engineering requirements.

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Tremblay, R., P. Bolduc, R. Neville, and R. DeVall. "Seismic testing and performance of buckling-restrained bracing systems." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l05-103.

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This paper describes a subassemblage seismic test program performed on six buckling-restrained braces (BRBs). Two different brace core segment lengths and two different buckling-restraining mechanisms were examined. The applied loading histories included a qualifying quasi-static cyclic test with stepwise incremental displacement amplitudes and a dynamically applied seismic loading. A test was also carried out on a conventional bracing member for comparison purposes. The concrete-filled tube specimens exhibited satisfactory performance under the quasi-static loading protocol, regardless of the length of the core segment. Strain hardening and frictional responses resulted in brace axial forces significantly exceeding the core yield capacity. The steel BRB system exhibited good performance under the quasi-static and dynamic loading sequences, provided that the clearance between the brace core and the buckling-restrained mechanism was kept to a minimum. The dynamic loading protocol was less severe for low-cycle fatigue than the quasi-static loading, but higher strain rates resulted in amplified yield resistance. The conventional bracing member withstood the entire quasi-static loading history but exhibited limited energy-dissipation capacity compared with the concrete-filled BRBs.Key words: concentrically braced steel frames, bracing members, buckling, energy dissipation, friction, yielding, fracture, seismic.

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Liu, Lu, and Bin Wu. "Self-Centering Buckling-Restrained Braces." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 846–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.846.

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Buckling-Restrained Brace (BRB) consists of energy dissipative core and a strengthening tube to prevent buckling when subjected to compression. Under cyclic loading, BRB exhibits elastoplastic hysteretic behavior, which leads to certain amount of permanent displacement in the structure after medium to severe earthquake. Residual deformations can result in increased cost of repairing. An innovative BRB device called Self-centering Buckling-Restrained Braces (SC-BRB) is devised to control maximum and residual drift of steel moment frame buildings subjected earthquakes. The SC-BRB is composed of the BRB energy dissipating cores which are responsible for energy dissipation, and the self-centering system which makes BRB energy dissipating core return to its initial position upon completely unloading. By exploring the mechanism of SC-BRB, it is found that to ensure fully self-centering capacity, the self-centering bar should have sufficient elongation capacity as well as considerably large elastic modulus which could afford stiffness in real structures

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Wang, Xiu Li, Xiao Dong Li, and Tao Li. "Anti-Seismic Behavior of Innovatory RC Frame Subjected to Severe Earthquake Action." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.713.

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The anti-seismic behavior of RC frame with buckling restrained braces (BRBs) subjected to severe earthquake action in seismic region was investigated in this paper. A design process of the buckling restrained braces used for stiffness-deficiency concrete frame structures was given, the design of the buckling restrained braces was conducted for a common frame structure, the layout of these braces in it was given by taking an actual engineering for illustrations, and the static analysis and time-history dynamic analysis were also performed. The results of computation showed that the use of buckling restrained braces has led to several functional improvements, such as the increase in structure stiffness, reduction of story displacement, and improved energy dissipation ability when compared with the frame without such braces. Analysis results showed further that RC frame with BRBs could absorb and dissipate seismic energy more effectively, improving anti-seismic performance of the framed structure.

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Xie, Ying, and En He Bao. "Elastic-Plastic Static Analysis of BRBF Steel Frame Structure." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1942–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1942.

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For the purpose of investigating the relationship between storey displacements and shear stress as well as the distribution of plastic hinges, the paper treated BRBF as the research object, and on the basis of different horizontal force sharing rate β of buckling restrained brace and the frame strength CB, six models were established, of which elastic-plastic static analysis were conducted with the secondary nonlinear effect. He study showed that storey deformations of the models with horizontal force sharing rates of the buckling restrained braces of 30%-60% mainly occur in the middle and low parts of the frame, for those with horizontal force sharing rates of 90%, the deformations mainly occur in the low parts of the frame, and the storey-concentrated deformation and the distribution of plastic hinge are not affected by the frame strength.

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Niyonyungu, Ferdinand, and Ehsan Noroozinejad Farsangi. "Application of Buckling Restrained Braces to Upgrade Vertical Stiffness of Existing RC Frames." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 68–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2020-0034.

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Abstract In this paper, based on the RC frame structure of an industrial building, the finite element model of the structure is developed, according to the Chinese code for seismic design of buildings [9]. Considering the lack of seismic performance, the buckling restrained brace (BRB) is adopted for seismic retrofitting, and various configurations of buckling restrained support are considered for reinforcement. The elastic response spectrum analysis (RSA) and direct integration nonlinear time history analyses (NL-TH) are carried out for the frame structure before and after reinforcement using ETABS finite element software. From the joints displacement, inter-story displacement, inter-story shear force, acceleration, energy dissipation, and other aspects of the seismic response of the strengthened structure and the non-strengthened structure, the comparison has been made. The effect of buckling restrained support and common support on the existing building structure is verified through analytical modeling. After reinforcement, there is a 40%, 39.3%, 40%, 36.4%, and 38.3% reduction in the first period of vibration after the building is strengthened by inverted BRB, V BRB, two-story BRB, single BRB, and ordinary steel braces, respectively. Strengthening of the structure by buckling restrained braces and ordinary steel braces both decrease the original building displacement by more than 50% from the first to the fourth floor. Under severe earthquakes, the use of BRB reduced the column shear by 46.6%; similarly, the incorporation of ordinary steel braces reduced the column shear by 4.72%. It is concluded that using buckling restrained braces will increase the vertical stiffness of the structure to a very high extent.

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Wang, Peng. "Analysis on Buckling Restrained Brace Used for a Steel Structure Damping." Applied Mechanics and Materials 160 (March 2012): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.160.245.

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SAP2000 was established in a high-rise steel structure buildings numerical analysis model, through the added a full steel support and common support the buckling and structure under earthquake effect of dynamic response analysis, the key research and support for the structure seismic buckling influence on the performance of the, the analysis results show that add fortify buckling support the energy dissipation structure performance than pure frame structure and common support-frame structure.Introduction.

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Telford, Joshua W., Ashley W. Sim, Gregory A. MacRae, and Don M. Clucas. "Buckling Restrained Brace Deformation Measuring Device." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 900–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.900.

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Buckling Restrained Braces (BRB’s) have become common in seismic frames in earthquake areas. If a BRB performs as desired the steel core may yield but it is not easy to know the degree of yielding, or how much of the BRB earthquake life has been used up. To determine whether such a brace should remain as is, or whether it needs to be replaced, an inexpensive and simple measuring device that reports the deformations undergone is required. This paper discusses a study undertaken to develop such a device. Firstly, a literature study was undertaken and candidate devices were selected. Using Subjective Quantitative Analysis (SQA) and specific performance objectives the most appropriate of these was chosen. This device was then constructed and tested in a controlled environment. This mechanical device performed well through various stimulated earthquake cycles and events, is cheap, simple to install, and small. It provides cumulative and maximum displacement estimations and will be beneficial to the industry in post-event decision making.

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Wang, Hong Nan, Hua Bo Liu, and Jian Feng Wang. "Application of Buckling-Restrained Braces in Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1527.

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The old prefabricated reinforced concrete buildings have been designed with old standards that are lower than the present design code provisions. These buildings are likely to be vulnerable to severe damage or total collapse under strong seismic excitations. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate these buildings seismic performance and to retrofit them using appropriate methods. Buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is a kind of prospective energy dissipation component. As a brace, it is also a lateral force resistant member. Based on the characteristics of prefabricated frame and BRB, the time history analysis of a prefabricated frame strengthening by BRB is carried out by using software ANSYS to input the seismic wave. Then, the seismic behavior of this kind of frame is studied. It is observed that the seismic response of the retrofitted structures reduces significantly in comparison with the corresponding original structure without any retrofit measures.

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TAKEUCHI, Toru, Yosuke YAMAMOTO, Mitsumasa MIDORIKAWA, Kazuhiko KASAI, Jerome F. HAJJAR, Tsuyoshi HIKINO, Ryota MATSUI, and Shoichi KISHIKI. "RESPONSE PREDICTION OF CONTROLLED ROCKING FRAME USING BUCKLING RESTRAINED BRACE." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 76, no. 667 (2011): 1695–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.76.1695.

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28

Sugihardjo, Hidajat, Yudha Lesmana, and Dwi Prasetya. "Development of Ductile Truss System Using Double Small Buckling-Restrained Braces: Analytical Study." Open Civil Engineering Journal 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501913010010.

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Introdution: This paper proposed a Small Buckling-Restrained Brace (SBRB) for the ductile truss moment frames and is called here as the Double Braced Truss Moment Frames (DB-TMF). The braces are located at the edge of the truss girder and are only placed around the building perimeter. The braces work in pair as a weak element (structural fuses) and is expected to effectively absorb the seismic energy. The proposed DB-TMF system is an extended development of the Knee Braced Truss Moment Frames (KB-TMF). The DB-TMF system is expected to carry the whole seismic loads, while the rest of the frame is designed to carry only the gravity loads. Methods: To study the performance of the proposed DB-TMF system, non-linear finite element analysis was carried out using the DRAIN-2DX package. From the analysis with various time history records, it was found that the drift ratio of the DB-TMF system is lower than the allowed story drift. The roof-top displacement shows an asymptotic behavior. The shape of the hysteresis curve tends to have a pinching shape. However, the cumulative ductility of the proposed system satisfies the requirements as a hysteretic structure. In the event of an earthquake, only the SBRB and the chords adjacent to the column element are damaged while the rest of the structural elements remain elastic which is expected. Results and Conclusion: Based on the performance evaluation of the DB-TMF system, the DB-TMF system is suitable for moderate seismic region and has smaller dimension steel sections compared to the KB-TMF system.

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29

Wigle, Victoria R., and Larry A. Fahnestock. "Buckling-restrained braced frame connection performance." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 66, no. 1 (January 2010): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2009.07.014.

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30

Naghavi, Mohammad, Rohola Rahnavard, Robert J. Thomas, and Mohsen Malekinejad. "Numerical evaluation of the hysteretic behavior of concentrically braced frames and buckling restrained brace frame systems." Journal of Building Engineering 22 (March 2019): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.12.023.

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31

Naghavi, Mohammad, and Mohsen Malekinejad. "A Numerical Study of the Behavior of Steel Frame with Concentric Buckling Restrained and Conventional Braces." Journal of Building Material Science 1, no. 1 (October 14, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jbmr.v1i1.992.

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In this paper, a method is proposed to provide a simple model of buckling restrained braces. After introducing the elements, taking into account all parts of buckling restrained braces, a sample of this type of braces is modeled in finite element Abaqus software. After confirming the numerical model using the available laboratory results, which is carried out by static nonlinear analysis, moment frame model with chevron bracing is compared with moment frame with chevron buckling-restrained bracing. In this study, the behavior of buckling restrained braces as a hysteretic damper was investigated and a good performance was observed in energy absorption compared to conventional bracing.

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Naghavi, Mohammad, and Mohsen Malekinejad. "Numerical Study of the Behavior of Steel Frame with Concentric Buckling Restrained and Conventional Braces." Journal of Building Material Science 1, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v1i1.992.

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In this paper, a method is proposed to provide a simple model of buckling restrained braces. After introducing the elements, taking into account all parts of buckling restrained braces, a sample of this type of braces is modeled in finite element Abaqus software. After confirming the numerical model using the available laboratory results, which is carried out by static nonlinear analysis, moment frame model with chevron bracing is compared with moment frame with chevron buckling-restrained bracing. In this study, the behavior of buckling restrained braces as a hysteretic damper was investigated and a good performance was observed in energy absorption compared to conventional bracing.

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33

Guo, Yu Rong, Xiao Jing Zhu, Zhi Mao Wang, and Zhong Xi Zhang. "A NetSLab Based Hybrid Testing Program for Composite Frame Structures with Buckling Restrained Braces." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 1142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1142.

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A networked structural laboratory system NetSLab has been developed for shared use of laboratory facilities and computing resources. The NetSLab consists of a network based communication platform and a series of hybrid testing programs. In this paper, a hybrid testing program for simulating seismic responses of composite frame structures with buckling restrained braces has been developed. The entire frame structure is simplified as a multi-degree-of-freedom model and only the relationship between story shear force and story drift is considered. The hybrid testing program consists of three types of modules, namely control center, physical tester, virtual tester. Control center organizes testing procedure and handles numerical integration. Physical tester and virtual tester generate restoring forces of substructures using actual testing equipment or numerical simulation. The substructure tested can be any continuous multi-story or a single brace taken from the entire frame structure. A serial port communication method is utilized to transfer request and feedback data between physical tester and the control computer of Popwil electro-hydraulic servo system. A series of virtual and physical hybrid tests of composite frame structures with buckling restrained braces under earthquake excitations were carried out. The results validated the reliability of the testing program.

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Huang, Sheng Nan, Xin Zheng Lu, and Lie Ping Ye. "Study on the Strengthening Effect of a Typical RC Frame in Wenchuan Earthquake with Attached Substructures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2057–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2057.

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This work is based on a typical RC frame that was closed to the epicenter and collapsed during the Wenchuan Earthquake. The seismic collapse resistance of the frame was strengthened by attached substructures, including conventional brace, buckling restrained brace (BRB) and viscous damper. Collapse fragility analysis based on incremental dynamic analysis is implemented for each strengthening scheme to compare their effects and to analyze the influence of critical parameters. The results show that the viscous damper performs better than the BRB, and the BRB performs better than the conventional brace. With the same strengthening parameters, the A-shaped bracing scheme is better than the X-shaped scheme.

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35

Murphy, Colton, Chris P. Pantelides, Hans-Erik Blomgren, and Douglas Rammer. "Development of Timber Buckling Restrained Brace for Mass Timber-Braced Frames." Journal of Structural Engineering 147, no. 5 (May 2021): 04021050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002996.

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36

Matsui, Ryota, Toru Takeuchi, Shunji Urui, and Masaki Tokuno. "Collapse Analysis of Steel Frames Considering Fracture of Braces and End of Beams." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.686.

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The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ruptured multiple faults simultaneously, generating strong ground motions over a long duration at long periods. Such severe events have recently begun to be considered in structural design, requiring explicit calculation of the low cycle fatigue capacity and fracture point. This paper presents a numerical study of dual moment and braced frames, with either conventional or buckling-restrained braces. Both brace and beam end fracture is considered, and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) used to determine the ultimate failure mechanism under extremely large ground motions. Fragility curves are generated, demonstrating the significant role that member fracture has on the seismic performance of braced frames.

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37

Wang, Hanqin, Yulong Feng, Jing Wu, Qing Jiang, and Xun Chong. "Damage Concentration Effect of Multistory Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (March 27, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7164373.

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Due to the low postyield stiffness of buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), multistory buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs) subjected to earthquakes are prone to lateral deformations and damage concentrations at certain stories, which is deemed a damage concentration effect (DCE). A series of nonlinear pushover analyses and response history analyses are conducted to investigate the key factors affecting the DCE of BRBFs. Two comparisons of the DCE are performed for different types of structures and different beam-to-column connections in the main frame (MF). These comparisons show that BRBFs equipped with BRBs as the main earthquake resistance system have a more serious DCE than the traditional moment-resisting frame or conventional braced frame and that the MF stiffness significantly affects the structural residual displacement and DCE. Then, parametric analyses are performed to investigate the influence of two stiffness distribution parameters (in the horizontal and vertical directions) on the DCE of a 6-story BRBF dual system designed according to the Chinese seismic code. The results show that increasing the MF stiffness and avoiding abrupt changes in the BRB stiffness between stories can effectively mitigate the DCE of BRBFs. Finally, the correlations between various damage performance indices are analyzed. A low statistical correlation between the peak and residual drift responses can be observed in BRBFs. Therefore, it is recommended that the DCE be considered in BRBF design.

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38

Chen, Xiang Rong, Lin Zhao, and Xiao Song Lu. "Research on Application of BRBs in Steel Frame Structures." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.730.

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This paper presents an analysis on the seismic behavior of buckling-restrained brace frames（BRBFs）with different rigidity ratios by the finite element analysis software ANSYS. Based on the elastic-plastic time-history analysis, the relationships of maximum story drift ratio and the uniformity of maximum story drift ratio with different rigidity ratios are established for BRBFs subjected to large earthquakes, a reasonable range of rigidity ratio is recommended, which is the reference for the design of BRBFs.

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39

KODERA, Naoyuki, Takanori OYA, Yusuke MAIDA, Hiroyasu SAKATA, and Mamoru IWATA. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CONNECTION OF RC FRAME AND BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACE." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 19, no. 41 (2013): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.19.137.

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40

Park, Byung Tae, Sun Jae Lee, and Joon Ho Lee. "Experimental Study on Seismic Retrofit of Buckling Restrained Knee Brace Frame System." Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction 33, no. 3 (June 27, 2021): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7781/kjoss.2021.33.3.191.

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41

Liu, Qiang, and Xiao Qun Luo. "Investigation on Discrepancy of Dynamic Responses between Two Constitutive Models of Aluminum Alloy BRBs in Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 858 (November 2016): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.858.214.

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In the study, the employment of central aluminum alloy buckling restrained braces were attempted for damage control of a single-deck steel frame. Smart metal of A5083-H111 aluminum alloy was chosen to use as the core material of aluminum alloy buckling restrained braces. The discrepancy of structural dynamic responses between two constitutive models of aluminum alloy buckling restrained braces was studied. Two different cross section areas of aluminum alloy buckling restrained braces were adopted for comparative study. Displacement, reaction, stress, strain of critical area and plastic energy dissipation were investigated under one strong ground motion. Suggestions for further academic research and engineering application were given.

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42

Zhao, Xi, Wen Pan, and Jing Xu Song. "The Improved Elastic Stiffness Method Based on Energy Dissipation System with Buckling Restrained Brace Design." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 1503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.1503.

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This paper brings up the improved elastic stiffness method to the energy dissipation system with buckling restrained brace design in high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings, Introducing amplification factor technology by improving the original elastic stiffness method can amplify seismic action regularly and the iteration was notably reduced by the seismic action which was calculated from the amplified coefficient so that solving the problem of relatively slow iterative speed. According to the demand of displacement limit value and the stiffness distribution in main structure, the demand of lateral stiffness in general structure can be directly worked out so that it can get the effective stiffness which should be added to the energy dissipation with buckling restrained brace. By the practical engineering example which height of frame-core tube is 144m, the design steps and user principles of the method are clearly illustrated. Meanwhile the application of response spectrum method on the basis of the elastic stiffness is expanded.

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43

Sabelli, R., S. Mahin, and C. Chang. "Seismic demands on steel braced frame buildings with buckling-restrained braces." Engineering Structures 25, no. 5 (April 2003): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(02)00175-x.

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44

Praveen, Preena. "Modification of Buckling Restrained Braces and Evaluating the Deflection Amplification Factor." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 4564–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36015.

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Buckling is a main problem in every structure. It is a sudden change in shape or deformation of a structural component under load. Under moderate to severe earthquakes, buckling of compressive braces may cause damage to the joints and connections. So Buckling-Restrained Braces (BRBs) have been widely implemented in framed structures to reduce damage during severe earthquakes. Unlike conventional braces that buckle under compression, the core of BRBs yields both in tension and compression under the restraining effect of the casing. A typical buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is composed of a ductile steel core, which is designed to yield in both tension and compression. To avoid global buckling in compression, the steel core is usually wrapped with a steel casing, which is subsequently filled with mortar or concrete. So in this work the deflection amplification factor of these braces are found out. As DAF predicts the maximum capacity of the structure, so a deep study in this field is necessary. DAF is the ratio of in-elastic deformations to elastic deformation. So after finding the DAF of these BRBs and by knowing the elastic deformation of the structure we can easily find the in-elastic deformation. For this works the analysis are carried out using etabs and abaqus software.

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45

KIKUCHI, Takamasa, Kazuhisa KOYANO, Hiroyasu SAKATA, and Mamoru IWATA. "THE ANCHOR-LESS STRUCTURAL SYSTEM USING A BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACE AND STEEL-FRAME." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 23, no. 54 (2017): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.23.507.

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46

Abdollahzadeh, Gholamreza, and Mohammadreza Banihashemi. "Response modification factor of dual moment-resistant frame with buckling restrained brace (BRB)." Steel and Composite Structures 14, no. 6 (June 25, 2013): 621–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2013.14.6.621.

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47

Senol, Erkan, Ismail Kose, Bilge Doran, Pelin Elif Mezrea, and Bulent Akbas. "Ductility Enhancement in Reinforced Concrete Structure with Buckling Restrained Braced Frames." Applied Mechanics and Materials 847 (July 2016): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.847.281.

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Adding braces to moment frames is considered to be quite an efficient technique for increasing the global stiffness and strength of the structure. It has not only been used in steel moment frames, but also in reinforced concrete (RC) moment frames in recent years. It certainly can increase the energy absorption capacity of structures and also decrease the demand imposed by seismic ground motions. Steel braces are anchored firmly to boundary beams and columns. They are modeled as truss elements and increase earthquake resistance of the building. Buckling restrained braced frames (BRBFs) in which members yield under both tension and compression without significant buckling have been used in recent years in order to ensure the desired seismic performance of special concentrically braced frames. BRBFs are similar to the special concentrically braced frames in that seismic accelerations are resisted by a building-frame members and diagonal braces whereas the design procedure is different. BRBs should be designed to permit ductile yielding both in compression and tension. In this paper, flat-slab RC building with two different configurations of buckling restraint braces (BRBs) is studied. The buildings have 4-storey with 5 bays in both X-and Y-directions and have been designed according to Turkish Specification of Reinforced Concrete Design (TS 500). In order to explore overall behavior up to failure and lateral load resisting capacities for these buildings, nonlinear static analyses have then been performed using SAP 2000-V14.1. Pushover analysis under constant gravity loads and monotonically increasing lateral forces during an earthquake until a target displacement is reached is generally carried out as an effective tool for performance based design. The major outcome of a pushover analysis is the capacity curve which shows the base shear vs. the roof displacement relationship and represents the overall performance of the building. The results of the analyses are presented in terms of capacity curve and energy dissipation.

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48

Valente, Marco. "Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Steel Frames Strengthened by Buckling-Restrained Braces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 1114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.1114.

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This study presents a displacement-based design procedure for seismic retrofitting of steel frames using buckling-restrained braces (BRB) to meet a given target displacement in the framework of the capacity spectrum method. The seismic performance of a six-storey steel frame equipped with BRB is investigated. Different storey-wise BRB distribution methods are proposed and the influence on the results of the design procedure is analyzed. Nonlinear dynamic analyses demonstrate the efficacy of the design procedure showing the improvements achieved by the retrofitting intervention using BRB. The maximum top displacement registered for the retrofitted frame under earthquake excitation coincides with the target displacement obtained in accordance with the design procedure. The introduction of buckling-restrained braces enhances the earthquake resistance of the steel frame, providing significant energy dissipation and the stiffness needed to satisfy structural drift limits.

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Huang, Jia Hao, Zhen Zhou, Xian Ting He, and Ling Xuan Li. "Comparative Investigation on the Seismic Performance of a Benchmark Steel Frame with Different Bracing Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 1917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.1917.

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Buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) and self-centering buckling-restrained braces (SC-BRBs) have been verified as novel energy dissipation bracing systems. This paper conducted a comparative investigation on the seismic-resisting performance of a Benchmark steel frame with these two types of bracing systems using the finite element analysis software OpenSEES. The analysis demonstrated that, in the equal-strength design principle, the SC-BRB frame results in weaker energy dissipation, bigger story drifts, and more evenly distributed story drifts along the building height compared to BRB frame. The residual deformations of SC-BRB frame under strong earthquakes are significantly smaller than the pure frame as well as BRB frame, but the maximum axial bracing force and floor accelerations are increased significantly for SC-BRB frame.

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Huang, Mei Ling, Zhao Yu Fu, and En He Bao. "Seismic Performances of Buckling-Restrained Braced Steel Frames in China, Japan and US." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1106.

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Buckling-Restrained Brace (BRB) in China, Taiwan, and Japan, as a kind of hysteretic damper has been installed into steel frame structure; In the United States, however, it has been installed into the hinge-connected steel framework, as the main seismic element in order to add lateral stiffness and strength.This paper according to the design codes of frame structure in China, Japan and the United States,establishes the research model based 0n the typical steel frame form of China, Japan, and the US.The main research parameters of the model are horizontal force sharing ratio of BRB (β) and frame strength of BRB (CB)。Through the steel consumption,the relationship of story drift and story shear, the formation of plastic hinge of the design model,it compares the steel frame seismic design method of China, Japan and the United States.The steel consumption of frame is related to the strength of the frame, but has nothing to do with the frame structure form;The plastic hinge of each model focused mainly on the BRB,reflecting the overall mechanism; As to seismic design requirements, the Japanese codes are stricter, codes of China and the United States is relatively close.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Buckling Restrained Brace Frame'

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