Journal articles: 'Budget of the building'

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Nuzzo, Iolanda, Nicola Caterino, Antonio Novellino, and Antonio Occhiuzzi. "Computer-Aided Decision Making for Regional Seismic Risk Mitigation Accounting for Limited Economic Resources." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 5539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125539.

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Seismic risk mitigation levels for an existing building are a balance between the reduction of risk and the cost of rehabilitation. Evidently, the more that is paid the more risk is reduced; however, due to limited public budgets a practical approach is needed to manage the risk reduction program when a portfolio of buildings is concerned. Basically, decision makers face a challenge when there are a large number of vulnerable buildings and there is no plan for how to allocate the appointed budget. This study develops a technological platform that implements a decision-making procedure to establish how to optimally distribute the budget in order to achieve the maximum possible portfolio risk reduction. Decisions are made based on various presumed intervention strategies dependent on building’s level of risk. The technological platform provides an interactive, user-friendly tool, available online, that supports stakeholders and decision makers in understanding what the best economic resource allocation will be after selecting the available budget for a specific portfolio of buildings. In addition, the ease of use enables the user to analyze the extent of risk reduction achievable for different budget levels. Therefore, the web platform represents a powerful tool to accomplish two challenging tasks, namely optimal budget selection and optimal budget allocation to gain territorial seismic risk mitigation.

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Abdallah, Moatassem, Boateng Akyeampong, and Khaled El-Rayes. "Maximizing sustainability of existing buildings within limited upgrade budgets." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 9 (September 2018): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0346.

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Existing buildings, especially aging ones, are currently in urgent need of upgrading to improve their performance and potentially achieve green certification. Building owners often need to identify and implement building upgrades that maximize the sustainability of their buildings as well as achieve green certification programs such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). This paper presents the development of an optimization model that maximizes the number of earned LEED points for existing buildings within a specified upgrade budget. A case study of an existing building is used to demonstrate the use of the optimization model and illustrate its capabilities. This research presents new methodology for optimizing the selection of building upgrades to maximize the sustainability of existing buildings and achieve green certification within limited budgets. The present model is expected to support decision-makers, building owners and operators, building managers, and contractors to optimize the use of their upgrade budgets and maximize sustainability of their buildings.

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Andalas, Bayu, Haryoto Kusnoputranto, and Raldi H. Koestoer. "Developing thermal comfort model through regional budget expenditure analysis towards low energy consumption in public building facility (case object: government building in north and south of Jakarta)." E3S Web of Conferences 74 (2018): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187405001.

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Building efficiency policy has implemented Indonesia. However, energy consumption in building sector remains significantly increased. Jakarta Government relied on AC in providing a comfortable condition for its service it consumed 57% of its total energy consumption. Current available energy monitoring method based on the expensive electrical device, so a new method using regional budget expenditure is developed in this research. This study established: Field study (6 buildings), regional budget expenditure analysis (313 buildings) on thermal comfort and building energy in 112 administrative office building equipped with Natural air ventilated (NV) and Air Conditioned (AC) and 224 building occupants/building manager were taking part in this research. Quantitative method used in this research with variables: thermal comfort (Air temperature, Relative humidity, radiant temperature, Air velocity, and personal clothing index) with Fanger’s Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) method calculation. Another variable used in this research is government standard for Building Energy Consumption Index (IKE) through regional government budget analysis. During an early stage, the budget analysis shows 6 out of 112 office buildings energy consumption (electricity) categorised as ‘extravagant.’ Field study higher IKE caused by too cold temperature setting, underperformed Air Conditioning System, building envelope and ventilation or ‘inappropriate’ building orientation (facing east-west).

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Prasetiyo, Nandang. "PERBANDINGAN ESTIMASI ANGGARAN BIAYA ANTARA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN BLITAR DENGAN PEMERINTAH KOTA BLITAR PADA PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TEMBUS DI JL. KURMA KOTA BLITAR." Jurnal Qua Teknika 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/quateknika.v7i1.212.

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The scientific work entilited Comparison of the estimated budget between the government kabupaten blitar with government blitar city on construction of access road in Jl. Kurma blitar City aims to knowing the cost of building a road through on jl. Kurma knowing the cost of building a road through on jl. Kurma to know the different costs of road construction budged breaks on jl.kurma with an estimated price of materials and wages of two distinct regionsThe study estimates the cost of the budget implemented in CV. EKA CONSULTANT with methods of primary and secondary data collectionOf the research budget estimates resulting cost difference significant budget lies in masonry work time

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Prasetiyo, Nandang. "PERBANDINGAN ESTIMASI ANGGARAN BIAYA ANTARA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN BLITAR DENGAN PEMERINTAH KOTA BLITAR PADA PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TEMBUS DI JL. KURMA KOTA BLITAR." JURNAL QUA TEKNIKA 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/quateknika.v7i1.212.

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The scientific work entilited Comparison of the estimated budget between the government kabupaten blitar with government blitar city on construction of access road in Jl. Kurma blitar City aims to knowing the cost of building a road through on jl. Kurma knowing the cost of building a road through on jl. Kurma to know the different costs of road construction budged breaks on jl.kurma with an estimated price of materials and wages of two distinct regionsThe study estimates the cost of the budget implemented in CV. EKA CONSULTANT with methods of primary and secondary data collectionOf the research budget estimates resulting cost difference significant budget lies in masonry work time

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CAMPBELL, JOHN L. "State Building and Postcommunist Budget Deficits." American Behavioral Scientist 38, no. 5 (March 1995): 760–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764295038005006.

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Mosier, Rachel, and Douglas D. Gransberg. "A Framework to Reconcile Green Goals with Budget Reality." ISRN Construction Engineering 2013 (May 12, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/656742.

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A public agency that decides to implement green design and construction features in its capital improvement program is actually adding an undetermined incremental cost to the initial cost of public buildings. Past research has portrayed these costs as a percentage increase, essentially creating an overall contingency for green buildings, but no work has been done to quantify the incremental cost on a building's actual design program that can be assigned directly to the project budget. This research sought to provide an objective approach to estimating sustainable design and proposes a framework for estimating the initial capital costs of sustainable building design and construction as measured by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification program. The framework allows tracking of costs during design and can be utilized for estimating future projects. The framework is developed using case study analysis of green building projects in OK City, Oklahoma. The paper concludes that the cost of “going green” can be estimated as a unit price basis as a cost per LEED credit. The proposed framework can be used by any public agency to determine the additional cost of LEED certification and for budgeting future projects.

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Baker, Shari. "Building for the future: Boosting the budget." Fundraising for Schools 2008, no. 95 (November 2008): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/fund.2008.1.95.39496.

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BRIGGS, TREVOR. "Budget-constrained maintenance in the building industry." IMA Journal of Management Mathematics 4, no. 3 (1992): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imaman/4.3.243.

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Lucas, John A., and Michael Madden. "A TRUSTEE'S GUIDE TO LIBRARY BUDGET BUILDING." Bottom Line 3, no. 1 (January 1990): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb025208.

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MacSporran, C., and S. N. Tucker. "Target budget levels for building operating costs." Construction Management and Economics 14, no. 2 (March 1996): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014461996373557.

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Alhassan, Bassel, Jamal Younes Omran, and Fayez Ali Jrad. "Maintenance Management for Public Buildings Using Building Information Modeling BIM." International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 10, no. 3 (July 2019): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.2019070105.

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Building maintenance is gaining an increasing attention in the various fields of scientific research and there was a need for the use of new technologies in maintenance management, as the facility management deal with a large amount of information relating to maintenance, which includes drawings and specifications, lists, and reports, and the use of paper files leads to decrease the efficiency and create a shortage of data and information. The authors offer in this research tool to manage the maintenance process by using the BIM through linking deterioration models and three-dimensional model of the facility to be maintained and compensate the external investigation data for maintenance work in these models to get at the end of this research and with the help of the possibilities offered by Revit database to an upcoming maintenance items and arrange them according to their importance and impact on the facility and the estimated budget for the periodic maintenance and distribution of this budget on the various construction elements and the development of resources plan for next year.

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Suwandari, Yunita Dian, and Mirnayani Mirnayani. "Evaluation of Historical Building Economic Value To Improve Company Revenue With Value Engineering Method." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 23, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v23i1.25944.

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Abstract: Historical buildings have high historical, cultural, and architectural values. This research aims to provide an overview of the economic benefits for building owners when utilizing the building. Case studies, the qualitative methods and Value Engineering were used in this research. This study identified three building functions to add economic value and are feasible in terms of investment value. The buildings are a budget hotel, restaurant/cafeteria, and co â€“ working space. IRR value for budget hotels is 14.29%; the NPV value is IDR 58,375,939,253; 14 years payback; the distribution of the financing scheme 30% landowners and 70% investors; 30-year concession. Restaurant / cafÃ© and co â€“ working space; the value of IRR is 12.47%; the value of NPV is IDR 4,727,841,299.58; Payback 8 years. This research is useful for historic building owners, government, and academics to utilize their assets to have economic value. Â

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Liu, Li Guo, and Shao Qing Tang. "The Building of State-Owned Capital Dual Budget System." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2490–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2490.

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according to the requirement of the reform of state-owned assets management system, combinative oneself is actual exploration and practice, to build "the csi model" the main content of the state-owned capital management budget system, build the state-owned capital management budget system, formed the characteristics of state-owned capital management budget system.

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Thohir, Muhammad Abu, Senot Sangadji, and Sholihin As'ad. "Maintenance and Rehabilitation Prioritization of School Buildings Using Knapsack Problem." International Journal of Science and Applied Science: Conference Series 2, no. 1 (December 10, 2017): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ijsascs.v2i1.16718.

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<p class="Abstract">Many of the public buildings are in conditions of distress due to deterioration and damage and require maintenance and rehabilitation to be able to function appropriately. On the contrary the government funding and budget allocated is limited. A systematic approach to overcome the problem is using setting up priority and optimize the resources allocation. Within a budget ceiling the what buildings components should be prioritized to achieve maximum profit and or surpass threshold is the ultimate goal of the decision maker and stakeholders. In this study, optimizing budget allocated for maintenance and rehabilitation of building components may be carried out by implementing knapsack algorithm within dynamic programming framework. The public junior high school 4 (SMPN 4) building was chosen as case study to apply the algorithm and determine the priority scale. The building is in Salatiga and suffers from some material deterioration as well as structural component degradation. The school building consists of three main sections namely, building itself, school yard, and school fence. To assess and evaluate damage based on the criteria set by Ministry of National Education, the building is divide into structures, architecture, and utilities. These components were divided into elements and sub elements. The structure was divided into the roof structure, super structure above the ground, and substructure (foundation). The damage condition of components and sub components of the building was then tabulated by assigning weights according to criteria set by office of education of Salatiga (Dinas Pendidikan Kota Salatiga, 2017)</p>

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Pham, Anh-Duc, Quang Trung Nguyen, Duc Long Luong, and Quynh Chau Truong. "The Development of a Decision Support Model for Eco-Friendly Material Selection in Vietnam." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 2769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072769.

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In recent years, the awareness of sustainable construction has increasingly risen in countries around the world, with the main goal being to avoid depleting energy resources and raw materials and to greatly reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, the selection of eco-friendly building materials becomes a difficult task and choosing the best construction strategy is a complicated process. Most of the studies of the building material selection often focus on optimizing material-related green building scores with budget constraints based on the environmental impacts of those materials. However, these studies do not pay attention to the impact of sustainable materials on two important aspects of a project: The initial investment cost and the total labor-working days. Hence, this study developed a model that optimizes a material mix for buildings considering the building budget, total labor-working days, and material-related green building scores. A case study in Vietnam was conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. This proposed model provides a guidance for decision-makers in selecting approximate materials for buildings toward sustainability.

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Траченко, Marina Trachenko, Мищенко, and L. Mishchenko. "Budget Model Formation Tools for Activity and Project-Based Budgeting." Administration 3, no. 4 (December 10, 2015): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16697.

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Activity-based budgeting (ABB) and project-based budgeting (project budgeting) are important trends of budgeting at an enterprise level. The paper authors have systematized factors of formation for directions of the activity-based and project-based budgeting, have characterized these directions’ budget models and revealed their specific features. The main specific features of activity-based budgeting model are the matrix (or more complex, multidimensional) structure of the budget model, interrelation of business processes’ budget items with key performance indicators and balanced scorecards (thus the model focused on strategy), simultaneous incorporation of financial indicators describing a business process into the budgets of business processes, budgets of CFR (Centers for Financial Responsibility) units, or project budgets, and a number of other specific features. The most important particulars of the project-based budgeting model is the integration of master budgets, operational and support budgets with project budgets within a budget model, the use of project budgets as a link between project management and budgeting as a management technology, and others particulars. The paper authors have developed a tool for the ABB budget model formation, which includes two algorithms. The first one is the algorithm for ABB model formation based on the budgets of CFR acting as expense providers, from the perspective of CFR units. The algorithm relies on the budgets of expense-providing Centers for Financial Responsibility. These Centers control the expenses of all CFR by certain business processes and items. The second one is the algorithm for the more detailed ABB model formation based on the budgets of business processes that are structured for analytical purposes (other than CFR units). This algorithm is intended for building a more detailed ABB model and implies the allocation of analytical sections like “CFR”, “Business Processes” and other analytics. It has been proposed to use a standard project budget a as a tool to solve the problem of matching the individual projects implementation time with the budget period. The standard budget is developed for the project’s entire life, in conjunction with the Project Budget, the indicators of which describe the project in a certain budget period.

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Hoffman, Renee L. "Building a curriculum materials center from the ground up: A practical approach." College & Research Libraries News 79, no. 9 (October 4, 2018): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.9.511.

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While many large universities boast ample space and hefty budgets for their curriculum materials centers, as a small university with a tight budget, creating Saint Francis University’s (SFU) Curriculum Materials Center (CMC) was a process that required creativity, planning, and ingenuity. This article outlines that process. SFU, located in rural Loretto, Pennsylvania, is a small, Catholic university with an FTE of approximately 2,400.

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Liu, Shu-Shun, and Muhammad Faizal Ardhiansyah Arifin. "Preventive Maintenance Model for National School Buildings in Indonesia Using a Constraint Programming Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 1874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041874.

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The Indonesian government needs to maintain around 231,000 school buildings in active use. Such a portfolio of buildings given the diversity of locations, limited maintenance budget, and deterioration rates varied by different building conditions presents many challenges to effective maintenance planning. Many of those schools had been reported to be aging and in a degenerated condition. However, contemporary practice for the planning method of Indonesia’s building maintenance program applies reactive maintenance strategies with a single linear deterioration rate. Such methodology cannot properly guarantee the sustainability of those school buildings. Therefore, this study attempts to examine a different approach to Indonesia’s building maintenance planning by adopting a preventive maintenance strategy using the deterioration rate model proved by historical data from a previous study. This study develops an optimization model with varied deterioration rates and considers the budget limitation, by utilizing a Constraint Programming (CP) approach. The proposed model achieves the minimum maintenance cost for a real case of 41 school buildings under different deterioration rates to ensure adequate building conditions and maintain expected levels of service. Finally, research analysis also proves that this new preventive maintenance model has potential to deliver superior capability for assisting building maintenance decisions in Indonesia’s government.

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Băbălau, Anişoara, and Adriana Ionescu. "Rules of Taxing Property Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 880 (March 2018): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.880.377.

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An Integral Part of the Economic and Financial Mechanism, Taxation Means, on the One Hand, the Collection of Resources to the State Budget, but Also a Legal Relationship between a Debtor and a Creditor, Including their Correlation Rights and Obligations. the Determinants of Budgetary Revenues Refer to the Subjects of Taxation, the Object of Taxation, the Unit of Taxation, the Tax Rate, the Rights and Obligations of the Debtors, their Liability, as well as the Payment Terms. Building Tax is an Annual Tax due to the Local Budget of the Administrative-Territorial Units in which the Building is Located by its Owners. Therefore, Subjects of Taxation are those who Own a Building Located on the Territory of Romania, with Certain Exceptions Regulated by the Fiscal Code. for Residential Buildings and Annex Buildings owned by Individuals, the Building Tax is Calculated by Applying a Rate between 0.08% and 0.2% on the Taxable Value of the Building. for Non-Residential Buildings owned by Individuals, the Tax is Calculated by Applying a Rate between 0.2% and 1.3% on the Taxable Amount of the Building. for Mixed-Purpose Buildings Owned by Individuals, the Tax is Calculated by Adding Together the Tax Calculated for the Area Used for Residential Purposes with the Tax Determined for the Area Used for Non-Residential Purposes. for Residential Buildings Owned or Held by Legal Entities, the Tax or the Building Tax is Calculated by Applying a Rate between 0.08% and 0.2% on the Taxable Value of the Buildings; and for Non-Residential Buildings the Tax or Tax on Buildings is Calculated by Applying a Rate between 0.2% and 1.3% Inclusive of the Taxable Value of the Building.

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Tijanić, Ksenija, Diana Car-Pušić, and Ksenija Čulo. "Impact of funding on cost-time aspects of public and social buildings." Journal of the Croatian Association of Civil Engineers 71, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14256/jce.2205.2017.

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The comparison of the traditional (budget-funded) public building procurement model with the public private partnership (non-budget funded) model is presented in the paper. Public service buildings procured based on the traditional model and those procured according to the PPP model are compared in the scope of research involving nine buildings realized in the Republic of Croatia. The results point to greater efficiency of the PPP model in the construction of public service buildings, with regard to both cost and time of construction work.

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McMahon, Richard A., Peter D. DeVries, and P. Pete Chong. "Building a wireless network infrastructure under budget constraints." International Journal of Mobile Communications 3, no. 4 (2005): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmc.2005.007026.

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Gripper, J. "Building a practice. Budget forecasts and performance monitoring." Veterinary Record 124, no. 2 (January 14, 1989): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.124.2.29.

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Rauzana, Anita. "Analysis of Direct Budget Implementation Building Construction Work." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 4, no. 4 (2012): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-0444348.

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Abdallah, Moatassem, Khaled El-Rayes, and Liang Liu. "Optimizing the selection of sustainability measures to minimize life-cycle cost of existing buildings." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 2 (February 2016): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0179.

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Buildings have significant impacts on the environment and economy as they were reported by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development in 2009 to account for 40% of the global energy consumption. Building owners are increasingly seeking to integrate sustainability and green measures in their buildings to minimize energy and water consumption as well as life-cycle cost. Due to the large number of feasiblecombinations of sustainability measures, decision makers are often faced with a challenging task that requires them to identify an optimal set of upgrade measures to minimize the building life-cycle cost. This paper presents a model for optimizing the selection of building upgrade measures to minimize the life-cycle cost of existing buildings while complying with owner-specified requirements for building operational performance and budget constraints. The optimization model accounts for initial upgrade cost, operational cost and saving, escalation in utility costs, maintenance cost, replacement cost, and salvage value of building fixtures and equipment, and renewable energy systems. A case study of a rest area building in the state of Illinois in the United States was analyzed to illustrate the unique capabilities of the developed optimization model. The main findings of this analysis illustrate the capabilities of the model in identifying optimal building upgrade measures to achieve the highest savings of building life-cycle cost within a user-specified upgrade budget; and generating practical and detailed recommendations on replacing building fixtures and equipment and installing renewable energy systems.

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Kwon, Hyukchun, and Chang Wook Kang. "Improving Project Budget Estimation Accuracy and Precision by Analyzing Reserves for Both Identified and Unidentified Risks." Project Management Journal 50, no. 1 (November 29, 2018): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756972818810963.

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Project risk is a critical factor in estimating project budget. Previous studies on this topic have only addressed estimation methods that consider project budget reserves against identified risks. As a result, project managers still face the challenge of completing projects within given budgets but without the relevant tools to deal with unidentified risks. This study proposes an approach for estimating reserves for both identified and unidentified risks separately. The study also suggests using the three-point estimation technique and R-value determination for estimating risk costs, which can improve budget accuracy and precision. The construction of residential building projects in South Korea demonstrates the advantages of the proposed approach compared with previous methods.

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Domokos, László, and Gyula Pulay. "Sustainable Budget and the Sustainability Appearing in the Budget." Pénzügyi Szemle = Public Finance Quarterly 65, Special edition 2020/2 (2020): 25–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35551/pfq_2020_s_2_2.

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Fiscal sustainability has become one of the most important requirements of fiscal policy over the past two to three decades. Hungary’s Fundamental Law stipulates that Hungary enforces the principle of sustainable budget management. In international practice, fiscal sustainability is often identified with preserving the solvency of the state and the sustainable financing of public debt. The risks related to the fulfilment of the constitutional requirement to reduce public indebtedness are also regularly assessed by the State Audit Office, for which it has developed its own risk analysis method. The authors of the article define fiscal sustainability as a series of budgets that provide coverage for the public goods needs of present generations while increasing the capacity and opportunity of future generations to meet their own future needs. Based on this, and building on the resolution of the National Assembly and international good practices, they present how the coverage of Sustainable Development Goals can be integrated into the respective budgets in a transparent and accountable way.

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Lerner, Josh. "Participatory budgeting: Building community agreement around tough budget decisions." National Civic Review 100, no. 2 (June 2011): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.20059.

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Marcel, Mario, and Marcelo Tokman. "Building a consensus for fiscal reform." OECD Journal on Budgeting 2, no. 3 (January 20, 2003): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/budget-v2-art15-en.

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Carbonari, Alessandro, Giuseppe Martino Di Giuda, Luigi Ridolfi, Valentina Villa, and Alessandra Corneli. "A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF LARGE BUILDING STOCKS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 25, no. 5 (May 24, 2019): 477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.9872.

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Both public administrations and private owners of large building stocks need to work out plans for the management of their property, while having to deal with yearly budget limitations. Particularly for the former, this is a rather critical challenge, since public administrations are given the responsibility of sticking to very strict budget distributions over the years. As a consequence, when planning the actions to be taken on their building stocks in order to comply with their current use and the legislation in-force, they need to classify refurbishment priorities. The aim of this paper is to develop a first tool based on Bayesian Networks that offers an effective decision support service for owners even in case some information is incomplete. This tool can be used to evaluate the compliance of existing buildings with the latest standards. The decision support platform proposed includes a multi-criteria evaluation approach combining several performance indicators, each of which related to a specific regulatory area. This tool can be applied to existing buildings, where the building with the lowest score shows the highest priority of intervention. Also, the platform performs an assessment of expected costs for required refurbishment or renovation actions.

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Guo, Xiao Mei, Yu Xing Lin, and Fan Xiao. "Environmental Impacts Analysis for Affordable Housing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.221.

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The building industry has consumed a large portion of resources, and is responsible for most pollution. So many efforts have been taken to push the industry green, including green building. However, such practice is costly, which makes it unpractical for low income buyers. Hence, other measures should be taken when construct affordable buildings, so that the environmental impacts can be mitigate while the cost is still kept within the budgets. In this article, the authors carried out a particular study on a construction project targeted at low income people to assess its environmental impacts from the life cycle perspective, with the objective to identify the largest environmental impacts and take measures to control them. Cost and benefits for related measures were also analyzed. Results shows that green policy can also be applied to affordable housing. Both targets of environmental performance and cost budget can be met.

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Lam, K. C., S. O. Cheung, C. M. Tang, and S. T. Ng. "Capital Budgeting Evaluation Practices of Building Contractors in Hong Kong." Construction Economics and Building 2, no. 1 (November 15, 2012): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v2i1.2889.

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This paper reports the results of an investigation into capital budgeting evaluation practicesin the construction industry of Hong Kong. The aim of this study was to identify thepopularity and extent of usage of various techniques for capital budget evaluation, investmentappraisal, risk analysis, and management science. The current study was comparedwith a similar survey conducted in 1994 to establish the changes in the capital budgetingevaluation practices of contracting firms over time. The results indicate that there was ageneral increase in the popularity and extent of usage in certain capital budget evaluationtechniques such as “best/worst estimate” and “formal financial evaluation”. In addition,the evaluation techniques examined were fitted into a discriminant function analysis (DFA),and a model has been developed which allows contracting firms to be classified accordingto their predominant characteristics in capital budget evaluation.

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Williams, Bernard. "Setting the budget." Facilities 4, no. 11 (November 1986): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb006381.

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Ürge-Vorsatz, Diana, Radhika Khosla, Rob Bernhardt, Yi Chieh Chan, David Vérez, Shan Hu, and Luisa F. Cabeza. "Advances Toward a Net-Zero Global Building Sector." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 45, no. 1 (October 17, 2020): 227–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-012420-045843.

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The building sector is responsible for 39% of process-related greenhouse gas emissions globally, making net- or nearly-zero energy buildings pivotal for reaching climate neutrality. This article reviews recent advances in key options and strategies for converting the building sector to be climate neutral. The evidence from the literature shows it is possible to achieve net- or nearly-zero energy building outcomes across the world in most building types and climates with systems, technologies, and skills that already exist, and at costs that are in the range of conventional buildings. Maximizing energy efficiency for all building energy uses is found as central to net-zero targets. Jurisdictions all over the world, including Brussels, New York, Vancouver, and Tyrol, have innovated visionary policies to catalyze themarket success of such buildings, with more than 7 million square meters of nearly-zero energy buildings erected in China alone in the past few years. Since embodied carbon in building materials can consume up to a half of the remaining 1.5°C carbon budget, this article reviews recent advances to minimize embodied energy and store carbon in building materials.

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Xia, Bin, and Jia Zhuo. "Construction of Comprehensive Budget Management System Based on EVA." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.706.

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Comprehensive budget management as the important tool of enterprise internal control and management goal achieving gradually expose some problems like out of touch with strategy, budget work become a mere formality in the long running process. This thesis puts the concept of EVA into the comprehensive budget management, find out the dominant position of the comprehensive budget management based on EVA, discuss on the comprehensive budget management system building, and seek a new way for the enterprise comprehensive budget management.

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Fatoni, Ahmad, Kusworo Adi, and Aris Puji Widodo. "PIECES Framework and Importance Performance Analysis Method to Evaluate the Implementation of Information Systems." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 15007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020215007.

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Work plan and budget are solutions in gathering budget planning data and uniforming budgeting. the purpose of the work plan and budget is to assist all work units in preparing and managing the budget plan without mixing it with other units. The importance of performances analysis method and PIECES framework were chosen in this study because both of method were able to classify the insitution problems, opportunities and information system goals. PIECES Framework as a questionnaire criteria to responding the users and the Importance Performance Analysis method as a result of questionnaire data from 88 respondents in the form of Quadrants. The aim of the research to evaluate information systems is a user satisfaction and importance of information systems. The calculation results with IPA method shows that the user's satisfaction averages and the importance of information system quality is 93.71%. However, there are a few deficiencies that need to be improved in the development of information systems, work plans and annual budgets such as system quality, accurate informations, estimated cost of building the system, security systems efficiency and service improvement for users.

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Dahlen, F. A., and Terence D. Barr. "Brittle frictional mountain building: 1. Deformation and mechanical energy budget." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 94, B4 (April 10, 1989): 3906–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb094ib04p03906.

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Barr, Terence D., and F. A. Dahlen. "Brittle frictional mountain building: 2. Thermal structure and heat budget." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 94, B4 (April 10, 1989): 3923–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb094ib04p03923.

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Weng, Kerui, and Bo Qu. "The optimization of road building schedule based on budget restriction." Kybernetes 38, no. 3/4 (April 10, 2009): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03684920910944146.

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LaPlante, Josephine M. "Seven habits of unsustainable budget building: A state policy perspective." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 23, no. 2 (March 2011): 215–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-23-02-2011-b004.

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Lam, K. C., G. Runeson, S. T. Ng, T. S. Hu, S. O. Cheung, and Z. M. Deng. "Capital budget planning practices of building contractors in Hong Kong." Construction Management and Economics 19, no. 6 (October 2001): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01446190110054112.

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Li, Chong, and Chang Biao Zhong. "Introduction to Economic Practicability High-Rise Building Water Supply and Drainage Design." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2096–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2096.

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With the rapid development of China's economy and the increasing levels of science, our country's high-rise building height and number of layers is also increasing. Especially in the 21st century, our country develop toward the height of high-rise buildings ever higher, more layers, better equipped, more complete, more advanced technology more economically rational. High-rise building has become a symbol of a modern metropolis. However, due to the high-rise buildings have many people, so relevant norms on its construction and drainage system design and fire safety, reliability and economic practicality of a higher requirement, this requires a high-rise building water supply and drainage system on the technical design more reasonable, economic budget cost savings at the same time to achieve its design function.

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Bahri, Samsul, Syahril Djaddang, and Tri Widyastuti. "Peran Kepuasan Wajib pajak Sebagai Pemediasi Atas Pelayanan Fiskus Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 5, no. 1 (July 16, 2018): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v5i1.14.

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Increasingly rapid economic development resulted in many new companies springing up and creating a tight business competition. To be able to maintain business continuity, companies must be able to make a careful planning and control of the costs. Planning and control can be realized with the budget as a mean of control. Controlling costs by the company are intended to enable companies to minimize costs. At minimal costs the company will be able to achieve the profit target by more optimal as primary destinations in general. In connection to this, the purpose of this study was to determine the costs of the company budget preparation, budget realization costs and revenues, as well as the role of the budget as a mean of control in achieving its profit target. The research was conducted at PT ABC located in Bogor. PT ABC is one of the private companies engaged in construction services focusing on building the types of housing. This kind of development focus includes the construction of a building without infrastructure development. The study of PT ABC shows that the preparation of the company's budget is based on field survey and accompanying informations on the revenue budget and previous projects. In the implementation of the work there was an increase in the actual cost, thus resulting difference in the budget and actual costs. The occurrence of this difference will reduce the company’s profits. Overall budgets have created optimal control of the realization of the costs incurred. Budget serves as guidelines and benchmarks maximum value in any cost incurred by the company. However, in the implementation of the work there are still some shortcomings, resulting cost difference persists. This difference occurs because lack of oversight of the usage of raw materials. Companies must be able to improve control over the using of raw materials to be better coordinated. Increased control is evidenced by the increase in its profit target achievement on the next project. In the subsequent project, company managed to improve the performance of surveillance so that the difference in costs declined and its optimal profit target can be achieved.

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., Fransiska, and Arief Fahmi. "Peranan Anggaran Biaya Proyek Sebagai Alat Pengendalian Biaya dalam Usaha mencapai target laba Perusahaan." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 5, no. 1 (July 16, 2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v5i1.16.

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Increasingly rapid economic development resulted in many new companies springing up and creating a tight business competition. To be able to maintain business continuity, companies must be able to make a careful planning and control of the costs. Planning and control can be realized with the budget as a mean of control. Controlling costs by the company are intended to enable companies to minimize costs. At minimal costs the company will be able to achieve the profit target by more optimal as primary destinations in general. In connection to this, the purpose of this study was to determine the costs of the company budget preparation, budget realization costs and revenues, as well as the role of the budget as a mean of control in achieving its profit target. The research was conducted at PT ABC located in Bogor. PT ABC is one of the private companies engaged in construction services focusing on building the types of housing. This kind of development focus includes the construction of a building without infrastructure development. The study of PT ABC shows that the preparation of the company's budget is based on field survey and accompanying informations on the revenue budget and previous projects. In the implementation of the work there was an increase in the actual cost, thus resulting difference in the budget and actual costs. The occurrence of this difference will reduce the company’s profits. Overall budgets have created optimal control of the realization of the costs incurred. Budget serves as guidelines and benchmarks maximum value in any cost incurred by the company. However, in the implementation of the work there are still some shortcomings, resulting cost difference persists. This difference occurs because lack of oversight of the usage of raw materials. Companies must be able to improve control over the using of raw materials to be better coordinated. Increased control is evidenced by the increase in its profit target achievement on the next project. In the subsequent project, company managed to improve the performance of surveillance so that the difference in costs declined and its optimal profit target can be achieved.

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Borissova, Daniela, and Zornitsa Agresimova Atanassova. "Multi-Criteria Decision Methodology for Supplier Selection in Building Industry." International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 7, no. 4 (October 2018): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2018100103.

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The current paper proposes a multi-criteria decision methodology to determine the most reliable supplier for green buildings. The selection of a supplier for the construction of green buildings should meet different criteria due to the specifics of the materials used, a predetermined budget, and fixed deadlines. The proposed methodology is based on localization of possible suppliers around the building project up to an acceptable distance. The methodology can use different methods based on utility function to perform the selection. This methodology could be integrated as a separate module for logistics in the determination of supplier selection.

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Amani, Nima, Nasly Bt Mohamed Ali, and Seyedmohsen Hosseini. "Building Component Maintenance/Repair Management: an Economic Analysis Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 2134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.2134.

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Starting, implementation, and operation of building facilities system are very vital, especially under limited budget. To component repair cost decisions, suitable assessment, and accurate prediction of the condition of assets are essential. The purpose of this study is at supporting the condition assessment and predicting the future of component condition by NCES condition metrics. This paper reflects on the NCES condition index process in maintenance and repair system of building components by research in similar subjects and looks specifically at the use of NCES condition index (CI) as a development tool. The result of research can be used as a guide to assist component managers and building owners to make suitable decisions about component appropriate maintenance based on limited budget during its service life.

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Pandita, Ramesh, and Shivendra Singh. "Collection building trend among the institutes of higher learning in India: a preferential race between print and electronic resources." Collection Building 35, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cb-08-2016-0018.

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Purpose The present study aims to assess the resource procurement preferences among the leading academic libraries of the institutes of higher learning across India. The study analyses the amount and percentage of budget spent by the institutions under study during the period 2012-2013, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 on the procurement of print and electronic resources in their libraries. The study also discusses about concerns with regard to the subscription of e-resources and the reasons for weaning interest among the Indian academicians towards the print resources. Design/methodology/approach By and large, the scope of the study is limited to institutes of higher learning across India, but reflects a great deal of relevance to the global higher education practices. The study has been undertaken on the 20 leading institutes each from Universities, Institutes of Management and Institutes of Technology in India, based on the ranking list released by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, on 4 April 2016. Findings The electronic documents are the dominant forms of present day library procurements in India, with the print struggling to retain its readership. The Institutes of Engineering and Technology and Management have almost similar procurement preferences, spending almost three-fourth of their library budgets on the procurement of e-documents. On average, the University libraries in India have spent 43.54 per cent of their budget on the procurement of print resources and 56.46 per cent of their budget on the procurement of electronic resources during the period of study. Similarly, on average, each Institute of Engineering and Technology has spent 24.04 per cent of their library budget on the procurement of print documents and 75.96 per cent towards the procurement of electronic resources, whereas 27.51 per cent of the library budget by the Institutes of Management in India is being spent on the procurement of print resources and 72.49 per cent towards the procurement of electronic resources. Originality/value The study is original and is first of its kind, undertaken on three different category of institutions, based on the national ranking of the country.

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Mahmoudabadi, Gita, Ron Milo, and Rob Phillips. "Energetic cost of building a virus." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 22 (May 16, 2017): E4324—E4333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701670114.

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Viruses are incapable of autonomous energy production. Although many experimental studies make it clear that viruses are parasitic entities that hijack the molecular resources of the host, a detailed estimate for the energetic cost of viral synthesis is largely lacking. To quantify the energetic cost of viruses to their hosts, we enumerated the costs associated with two very distinct but representative DNA and RNA viruses, namely, T4 and influenza. We found that, for these viruses, translation of viral proteins is the most energetically expensive process. Interestingly, the costs of building a T4 phage and a single influenza virus are nearly the same. Due to influenza’s higher burst size, however, the overall cost of a T4 phage infection is only 2–3% of the cost of an influenza infection. The costs of these infections relative to their host’s estimated energy budget during the infection reveal that a T4 infection consumes about a third of its host’s energy budget, whereas an influenza infection consumes only ≈ 1%. Building on our estimates for T4, we show how the energetic costs of double-stranded DNA phages scale with the capsid size, revealing that the dominant cost of building a virus can switch from translation to genome replication above a critical size. Last, using our predictions for the energetic cost of viruses, we provide estimates for the strengths of selection and genetic drift acting on newly incorporated genetic elements in viral genomes, under conditions of energy limitation.

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Mendoza, Daniel L., Carlo Bianchi, Jermy Thomas, and Zahra Ghaemi. "Modeling County-Level Energy Demands for Commercial Buildings Due to Climate Variability with Prototype Building Simulations." World 1, no. 2 (July 23, 2020): 67–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world1020007.

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The building sector accounts for nearly 40% of total primary energy consumption in the U.S. and E.U. and 20% of worldwide delivered energy consumption. Climate projections predict an increase of average annual temperatures between 1.1–5.4 °C by 2100. As urbanization is expected to continue increasing at a rapid pace, the energy consumption of buildings is likely to play a pivotal role in the overall energy budget. In this study, we used EnergyPlus building energy models to estimate the future energy demands of commercial buildings in Salt Lake County, Utah, USA, using locally-derived climate projections. We found significant variability in the energy demand profiles when simulating the study buildings under different climate scenarios, based on the energy standard the building was designed to meet, with reductions ranging from 10% to 60% in natural gas consumption for heating and increases ranging from 10% to 30% in electricity consumption for cooling. A case study, using projected 2040 building stock, showed a weighted average decrease in heating energy of 25% and an increase of 15% in cooling energy. We also found that building standards between ASHRAE 90.1-2004 and 90.1-2016 play a comparatively smaller role than variation in climate scenarios on the energy demand variability within building types. Our findings underscore the large range of potential future building energy consumption which depends on climatic conditions, as well as building types and standards.

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Caterino, Nicola, Behnam M. Azmoodeh, and Gaetano Manfredi. "Seismic Risk Mitigation for a Portfolio of Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings through Optimal Allocation of a Limited Budget." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (September 17, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8184756.

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The mitigation of seismic risk for a population of vulnerable civil critical structures (e.g., hospitals, schools, and bridges) is a crucial issue for many governments of earthquake-prone regions. Furthermore, owing to the global economic crisis, limited financial resources make full seismic rehabilitation of entire building stocks challenging. Therefore, a critical decision has to be made on the following key question: what is the most advantageous way of spending the available budget while treating each building in a portfolio differently, by giving it a different level of structural improvement to reduce the overall risk of the portfolio of buildings as much as possible? Herein, a decision-making tool is proposed to address this high-social-impact issue. Starting with a limited amount of information, which is gathered through expeditious surveys on existing buildings, and by involving uncertainties, the overall risk is evaluated from the fragility analysis of each structure. This is conducted via simplified pushover analyses by considering the local seismic hazard. Then, an optimization is performed for each building of the portfolio to select a relevant structural intervention from four alternatives (no intervention, partial retrofit, full retrofit, and demolition and reconstruction), based on both the overall risk reduction and the amount of financial resources. Procedures for quick estimation of fragility curves and installation costs are also discussed as part of the proposed approach. Finally, a practical application is presented with reference to a simulated case study consisting of 46 reinforced concrete school buildings located in Campania, Italy.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Budget of the building'

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