Relevant bibliographies by topics / Building Cost

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Building Cost'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Building Cost"

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Yin, Hang. "Building Management System to support building renovation." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2010 (January 1, 2010): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2010.37.

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Many publications have concluded that around 40% of the world’s energy costs are incurred in buildings. The biggest energy users in a building are facilities which cover 40% to 60% of the total energy cost. In recent years, construction work undertaken in building renovation and rehabilitation has increased considerably. Technical renovations have always brought better building management. Modern technology has a more user friendly interface as well as giving us the successful management of building systems and associated reduced costs. In order to implement more energy efficiency in existing buildings, Building Management System (BMS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) play important roles in the energy & cost savings of the building’s life. This paper emphasises the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to support and justify essential building renovation that will improve a building’s performance and decrease annual energy costs. We will present an introduction to BMS and BIM ...
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Khaja, G., P. Sai, and K. Siva Sankar. "Alternative Low Cost Building Materials on Beams." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-5 (August 31, 2017): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2295.

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Izobo-Martins, Oladunni Oluwatoyin, Ekhaese Eghosa, and Ayo-Vaughan Kunle Emmanuel. "Architects’ View on Design Consideration that Can Reduce Maintenance Cost." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0061.

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Abstract Buildings are designed with the intent of lasting for a certain period of time. Building maintenance in different building typology is described as multi-faceted activities which involve planning, directing, controlling and organizing resources for the sustenance of the building’s physical, functional and operational performance. The research focused on ways cost of maintaining a building was done, effectively or efficiently with the influence of the design approach used. Literatures of works pertaining to building maintenance were reviewed to identify the various impacts, influences that a building design would have on the cost of maintaining any building type. Maintenance departments of educational institutions were surveyed and data analyzed. The study revealed that maintenance culture of buildings could either be positive or negative, based on the quality of design approach used. The study recommends a proper review of building codes and regulations by organizations intending to erect building structures with a view of designers to specified standards and prevent excess maintenance cost in the future.
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Chong, Heap-Yih, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Wei Chian Lai, Monty Sutrisna, Xiangyu Wang, and Illankoon Mudiyanselage Chethana Sa Illankoon. "Cost implications for certified Green Building Index buildings." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management 170, no. 1 (February 2017): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jwarm.16.00019.

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Li, Na. "Research on Comfort Performance of Green Building and Conventional Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 822–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.822.

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t has been argued that green buildings have a better indoor environmental quality than conventional buildings and that this translates into a more satisfying workplace for the building's occupants and, inturn, a more productive workforce. Assessing a building's cost effectiveness means taking into account all the costs that will be incurred during its life cycle not just development costs. People found no evidence to believe that green buildings are more comfortable than conventional building. In fact, the only difference between the buildings was that occupants of the green building were more likely to perceive their work environment as warm, and occupants who felt warm were more likely to describe their work environment as poor.
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Stoy, Christian, and Hans-Rudolf Schalcher. "Residential Building Projects: Building Cost Indicators and Drivers." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 133, no. 2 (February 2007): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2007)133:2(139).

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Lim, Cheng Sim, Tien Choon Toh, Wah Peng Lee, See Seng Ng, Chin Khian Yong, and Kai Chen Goh. "The Effect of Different Groupings of Building Elements on Cost Significant Elements and their Cost Contributions to the Total Building Cost of a Block of Medium Cost Apartments in Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 3335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.3335.

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Utilising cost data from a block of medium cost apartments in Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, this pilot study aims to evaluate the cost significant elements (CSE) and their cost contributions (in percentages) to the total building cost (TBC) determined based on the grouping of building elements according to the original bills of quantities (BQ) format and the grouping of building elements according to The Institution of Surveyors, Malaysia (ISM)’s elemental cost analysis (ECA) format. Two separate tabulations following the same steps are made in order to achieve the objective of the study. Each tabulation has information on the total cost of each element, and produces information on ‘Actual Total Bill Value’, ‘Mean Bill Value’, ‘Total Bill Value of CSE’, ‘Number of Total Elements (TE)’, ‘Number of CSE in Total’, ‘CSE/TE (per cent)’, and lastly ‘Total Bill Value of CSE/Actual Total Bill Value’. For both tabulations, it is found that “45.45% to 50.00%” of the total number of building elements has contributed to “78.11% to 83.77%” of the TBC and that the two different groupings of building elements being studied have yielded quite similar results. Nonetheless, further analysis can be done with more data from other similar buildings in the region to obtain statistically reliable results.
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Lou, Na, and Jingjuan Guo. "Study on Key Cost Drivers of Prefabricated Buildings Based on System Dynamics." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (October 28, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8896435.

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The prefabricated building as a major initiative has been put forward by China in recent years to promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry, but its rapid development also faces high cost constraints. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to study the key cost drivers and cost control paths of prefabricated buildings. Most of the current research focuses on the construction cost of prefabricated building as a static object. This article, on the other hand, regards the construction cost of prefabricated building as a dynamic formation process and conducts systematic research from product systems, technical systems, construction processes, and management modes. The influence factors of prefabricated building cost are defined and screened with the help of HSM and previous research results. A cause-and-effect model and cost control model of prefabricated building cost driver are established. Based on the model test of the actual project, the cost generation of prefabricated buildings is simulated. Through sensitivity analysis, key cost drivers of prefabricated building are identified and ranked as degree of design standardization, unit price, prefabrication rate, information technology level, transportation mode, labor level, machinery level, transportation distance, etc. Accordingly, corresponding strategies are proposed for the cost control of prefabricated buildings.
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Gu, Hongmei, Shaobo Liang, and Richard Bergman. "Comparison of Building Construction and Life-Cycle Cost for a High-Rise Mass Timber Building with its Concrete Alternative." Forest Products Journal 70, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 482–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-20-00052.

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Abstract Mass timber building materials such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) have captured attention in mid- to high-rise building designs because of their potential environmental benefits. The recently updated multistory building code also enables greater utilization of these wood building materials. The cost-effectiveness of mass timber buildings is also undergoing substantial analysis. Given the relatively new presence of CLT in United States, high front-end construction costs are expected. This study presents the life-cycle cost (LCC) for a 12-story, 8,360-m2 mass timber building to be built in Portland, Oregon. The goal was to assess its total life-cycle cost (TLCC) relative to a functionally equivalent reinforced-concrete building design using our in-house-developed LCC tool. Based on commercial construction cost data from the RSMeans database, a mass timber building design is estimated to have 26 percent higher front-end costs than its concrete alternative. Front-end construction costs dominated the TLCC for both buildings. However, a decrease of 2.4 percent TLCC relative to concrete building was observed because of the estimated longer lifespan and higher end-of-life salvage value for the mass timber building. The end-of-life savings from demolition cost or salvage values in mass timber building could offset some initial construction costs. There are minimal historical construction cost data and lack of operational cost data for mass timber buildings; therefore, more studies and data are needed to make the generalization of these results. However, a solid methodology for mass timber building LCC was developed and applied to demonstrate several cost scenarios for mass timber building benefits or disadvantages.
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Abdallah, Moatassem, Khaled El-Rayes, and Liang Liu. "Optimizing the selection of sustainability measures to minimize life-cycle cost of existing buildings." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 2 (February 2016): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0179.

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Buildings have significant impacts on the environment and economy as they were reported by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development in 2009 to account for 40% of the global energy consumption. Building owners are increasingly seeking to integrate sustainability and green measures in their buildings to minimize energy and water consumption as well as life-cycle cost. Due to the large number of feasiblecombinations of sustainability measures, decision makers are often faced with a challenging task that requires them to identify an optimal set of upgrade measures to minimize the building life-cycle cost. This paper presents a model for optimizing the selection of building upgrade measures to minimize the life-cycle cost of existing buildings while complying with owner-specified requirements for building operational performance and budget constraints. The optimization model accounts for initial upgrade cost, operational cost and saving, escalation in utility costs, maintenance cost, replacement cost, and salvage value of building fixtures and equipment, and renewable energy systems. A case study of a rest area building in the state of Illinois in the United States was analyzed to illustrate the unique capabilities of the developed optimization model. The main findings of this analysis illustrate the capabilities of the model in identifying optimal building upgrade measures to achieve the highest savings of building life-cycle cost within a user-specified upgrade budget; and generating practical and detailed recommendations on replacing building fixtures and equipment and installing renewable energy systems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Building Cost"

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Phaobunjong, Kan. "Parametric cost estimating model for conceptual cost estimating of building construction projects." Thesis, Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3086790.

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Alabi, Bimpe Omolara. "Effect of building materials cost on housing delivery towards sustainability." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2635.

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Thesis (MTech (Construction Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
The study investigates the predominant factors responsible for increase in the cost of building materials and the effect of this cost increase on housing delivery in Western Cape, South Africa. Sustainable housing is buildings produced to meet the present housing needs of people without conceding the ability of the future generation to meet their future needs. However, a significant increase in the cost of building materials has been a major constraint to the delivery of sustainable housings, as made evident in the literature, leading to project cost and time overruns or even project abandonment. However, building materials consume up to 65% of the total cost of construction. This factor on cost has, over the years, threatened the ability of the construction industry to deliver projects within budgeted cost, at stipulated time, and at satisfactory quality. This prompted the need to proffer solutions to these factors identified which are causing increases in the cost of building materials towards sustainable housing delivery in Western Cape. Based on this research study, housing is termed to be sustainable when it is available and affordable for the masses timely and at quality expected. The research study adopted a mixed methodological approach, involving the use of semi-structured qualitative interviews and closed-ended quantitative questionnaires administered to construction stakeholders (architects, quantity surveyors, engineers, construction managers, project managers, site supervisors and material suppliers) in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. SPSS version 24 software was used for analysing the quantitative data collected and ‘content analysis’ method was used to analyse the information collected through the qualitative interviews. The findings revealed that the major factors responsible for increasing the cost of building materials are inflation, wastages of building materials by labourers, cost of transportation and distribution of labour, design changes, client contribution to design change and change in government policies and regulation. Moreover, the research showed that fluctuation in the cost of construction and high maintenance costs due to poor workmanship also impact the cost increase of building materials for housing delivery. In addition, research findings affirmed that for optimum materials usage for the enhancement of sustainable construction, the following criteria should be considered in the selection of building materials: maintenance cost, energy consumption and maintainability. The adoption of these findings by construction stakeholders in the South African construction industry would enhance the delivery of affordable housing at reduced cost, at the required time and at the expected quality. Therefore, an adequate implementation of the framework presented in this study will enhance sustainable housing delivery.
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Silva, Vera. "Cost-effective Building Constructions – Carbon Fibres Reinforcement." Thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-35085.

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Wu, Kin-kwong. "A study of the cost management process and estimation techniques for estimating building services installations in the building construction industry /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949597.

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Choi, Ming-hang Edmund. "Evaluation of the cost estimating systems /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949780.

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Doğan, Sevgi Zeynep Günaydın H. Murat. "Using machine learning techniques for early cost prediction of structural systems of buildings/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2005. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezlerengelli/doktora/mimarlik/T000357.pdf.

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Thesis (Doctoral)--İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, 2005.
Keywords:Artificial neural networks, artificial intelligence, cost estimation, predictive models, construction management. Includes bibliographical references (leaves.111).
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Kibar, Mustafa Alptekin. "Building Cost Index Forecasting With Time Series Analysis." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608686/index.pdf.

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Building cost indices are widely used in construction industry to measure the rate of change of building costs as a combination of labor and material costs. Cost index forecast is crucial for the two main parties of construction industry, contactor, and the client. Forecast information is used to increase the accuracy of estimate for the project cost to evaluate the bid price. The aim of this study is to develop time series models to forecast building cost indices in Turkey and United States. The models developed are compared with regression analysis and simple averaging models in terms of predictive accuracy. As a result of this study, time series models are selected as the most accurate models in predicting cost indices for both Turkey and United States. Future values of building cost indices can be predicted in adequate precision using time series models. This useful information can be used in tender process in estimation of project costs, which is one of the critical factors affecting the overall success of a construction project. Better cost estimates shall enable contractors to produce cash flow forecasts more acurately. Furthermore accurate prediction of future prices is very useful for owners in budget allocations
moreover can help investors to evaluate project alternatives adequately.
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Tang, Wai-kuen Raymond. "Cost management for building contractors in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31601212.

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鄧惠權 and Wai-kuen Raymond Tang. "Cost management for building contractors in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31601212.

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Aldwaik, Mais M. "Cost Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Highrise Building Structures." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574738135695095.

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Books on the topic "Building Cost"

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Crocker, Alan. Building failures: Recovering the cost. Oxford: BSP, 1990.

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Pearson, Steve. Building cost management in France. London: RICS, 1994.

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Cost control in building design. Kingston, Ma: R.S. Means Co., 1988.

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Ogershok, Dave. 2010 national building cost manual. 3rd ed. Carlsbad, CA: Craftsman Book Co., 2009.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Dept. of Building Inspection. Cost schedule: Building valuation data. San Francisco, Calif: Dept. of Building Inspection, 2002.

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Sport, Sports Council Technical Unit for. Building cost guide: Sports facilities. London: Sports Council, 1992.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Dept. of Building Inspection. Cost schedule: Building valuation data. San Francisco, Calif: Dept. of Building Inspection, 2001.

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Company, R. S. Means, ed. Building construction cost data 2011. 6th ed. Kingston, MA: R.S. Means Co., 2010.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Dept. of Building Inspection. Cost schedule: Building valuation data. San Francisco, Calif: Dept. of Building Inspection, 2003.

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Smith, Jim. Building cost planning in action. Victoria: Deakin University Press, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Building Cost"

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Seeley, Ivor H. "Cost Modelling." In Building Economics, 202–10. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_8.

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Hutchinson, Keith. "Project Cost." In Building Project Appraisal, 51–76. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12983-6_5.

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Seeley, Ivor H. "The Concept of Cost Control." In Building Economics, 1–30. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_1.

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Seeley, Ivor H. "Cost Planning Theories and Techniques." In Building Economics, 174–201. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_7.

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Seeley, Ivor H. "Cost Analyses, Indices and Data." In Building Economics, 211–47. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_9.

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Seeley, Ivor H. "Practical Application of Cost Control Techniques." In Building Economics, 248–76. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_10.

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Papanikolaou, Apostolos. "Estimation of Building Cost." In Ship Design, 439–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8751-2_6.

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Seeley, Ivor H. "Cost Implications of Design Variables and Quality Assurance." In Building Economics, 31–55. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_2.

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Seeley, Ivor H. "Functional Requirements and Cost Implications of Constructional Methods." In Building Economics, 56–89. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13757-2_3.

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Ruegg, Rosalie T., and Harold E. Marshall. "Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)." In Building Economics: Theory and Practice, 16–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4688-4_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Building Cost"

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Mertz, George A., Gregory S. Raffio, and Kelly Kissock. "Cost Optimization of Net-Zero Energy House." In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36077.

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Environmental and resource limitations provide increased motivation for design of net-zero energy or net-zero CO2 buildings. The optimum building design will have the lowest lifecycle cost. This paper describes a method of performing and comparing lifecycle costs for standard, CO2-neutral and net-zero energy buildings. Costs of source energy are calculated based on the cost of photovoltaic systems, tradable renewable certificates, CO2 credits and conventional energy. Building energy simulation is used to determine building energy use. A case study is conducted on a proposed net-zero energy house. The paper identifies the least-cost net-zero energy house, the least-cost CO2 neutral house, and the overall least-cost house. The methodology can be generalized to different climates and buildings. The method and results may be of interest to builders, developers, city planners, or organizations managing multiple buildings.
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Zhang, Ning, and Chander Kant. "Building Cost-Effective Storage Clouds." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic2e.2014.39.

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Chen, Po-Han, Long Chan, Yu-Chieh Lee, and Meng-Shen Kan. "Cost Analysis Of Green Buildings Using Building Information Modeling (Bim)." In The Seventh International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-5354-2_aae-26-443.

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Xu, Shen, Kecheng Liu, and Llewellyn C. M. Tang. "Cost Estimation in Building Information Models." In International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413135.053.

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Haque, Ariful, Mir Ashikur Rahman, and Q. Ahsan. "Building Integrated Photovoltaic system: Cost effectiveness." In 2012 7th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering (ICECE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icece.2012.6471697.

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Liu, Yilin, and Mei Lu. "Analysis on building construction project cost." In 2015 International Conference on Education Technology, Management and Humanities Science (ETMHS 2015). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/etmhs-15.2015.293.

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Henze, Gregor P. "Trade-Off Between Energy Consumption and Utility Cost in the Optimal Control of Active and Passive Building Thermal Storage Inventory." In ASME 2004 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2004-65108.

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In contrast to building energy conversion equipment, less improvement has been achieved in thermal energy distribution, storage and control systems in terms of energy efficiency and peak load reduction potential. Cooling of commercial buildings contributes significantly to the peak demand placed on an electrical utility grid. Time-of-use electricity rates are designed to encourage shifting of electrical loads to off-peak periods at night and weekends. Buildings can respond to these pricing signals by shifting cooling-related thermal loads either by precooling the building’s massive structure (passive storage) or by using active thermal energy storage systems such as ice storage. Recent theoretical and experimental work showed that the simultaneous utilization of active and passive building thermal storage inventory can save significant amounts of utility costs to the building operator, yet in many cases at the expense of increased electrical energy consumption. This article investigates an approach to ensure that a commercial building utilizing both thermal batteries does not incur excessive energy consumption. The model-based predictive building controller is modified to trade off energy cost against energy consumption. This work shows that buildings can be operated in a demand-responsive fashion to substantially reduce utility costs, however, at the expense of increased energy consumption. Placing a greater emphasis on energy consumption led to a reduction in the savings potential. In the limiting case of energy-optimal control, the reference control was replicated, i.e., if only energy consumption is of concern, neither active nor passive building thermal storage should be utilized. On the other hand, cost-optimal control suggests strongly utilizing both thermal storage inventories.
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Kiy, M., R. P. Stanley, M. Schmotz, R. Pfeiffer, and C. Winnewisser. "Low cost anodes for patterned polymer light emitting devices." In Workshop on Building European OLED Infrastructure, edited by Thomas P. Pearsall and Jonathan Halls. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.629140.

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Moledina, Mohamed Murteza Gulamhussein, Goh Wei Pin, Wallace Imoudu Enegbuma, Kherun Nita Ali, and Kayode Adenuga. "Building information modelling technological innovations in industrialised building systems cost estimation." In 2017 5th International Conference on Research and Innovation in Information Systems (ICRIIS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icriis.2017.8002480.

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Berawi, Mohammed Ali, Perdana Miraj, Mustika Sari Sayuti, and Abdur Rohim Boy Berawi. "Improving building performance using smart building concept: Benefit cost ratio comparison." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING ENGINEERING (ICONBUILD) 2017: Smart Construction Towards Global Challenges. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5011508.

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Reports on the topic "Building Cost"

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Yoder, R. Commercial building least-cost planning data development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7011657.

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Charette, Robert P., and Harold E. Marshall. UNIFORMAT II elemental classification for building specifications, cost estimating, and cost analysis. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6389.

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Dr. Subhendu Guha and Dr. Jeff Yang. Low Cost Thin Film Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1041180.

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Lippiatt, Barbara C., and Stephen F. Weber. Productivity impacts in building life-cycle cost analysis. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4762.

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Abhari, Ramin. Low-Cost Phase Change Material for Building Envelopes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1208635.

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Garrabrant, Michael, and Christopher Keinath. Low-Cost Gas Heat Pump for Building Space Heating. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1328433.

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Williams, Alison, Sarah K. Price, and Ed Vine. The Cost of Enforcing Building Energy Codes: Phase 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170601.

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Williams, Alison, Ed Vine, Sarah Price, Andrew Sturges, and Greg Rosenquist. The Cost of Enforcing Building Energy Codes: Phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1171620.

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Fowler, Kimberly M., Amy E. Solana, and Kathleen L. Spees. Building Cost and Performance Metrics: Data Collection Protocol, Revision 1.0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/885473.

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Kneifel, Joshua D., and Eric G. O'Rear. Net-Zero Energy Residential Building Component Cost Estimates and Comparisons. National Institute of Standards and Technology, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1207.

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