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Journal articles on the topic 'Building-free measures'
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1
Pernišová, Alena. "Proposal of Architectonic – Construction Solution of Barrier-Free Measures of Entry Premises in Non-Residential Buildings Specified for Use by the Public." Applied Mechanics and Materials 820 (January 2016): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.820.57.
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Barrier-free environment should be an obvious part of our life. The reality is but different. In non-residential buildings specified for use by the public one can uselessly look for information useful for persons with limited ability of movement and orientation. The question of information boards is very disregarded and often non-dealt with at all. Upon entry into most of the buildings you will not find any optical system for deaf people, acoustic system (voice light) for blind people or information related to barrier-free access for people with movement handicap. Project engineer, upon performing his work has to take into consideration the fact that building being designed shall be used by all groups of citizens. Try to look around with eyes of a person who moves on wheelchair or through a walking stick. You will find missing information and orientation system on possibilities of barrier-free movement inside the building on each and every building.
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Ivanenko, Olena, Vyacheslav Radovenchyk, Tatyana Overchenko, and Іaroslav Radovenchyk. "INTEGRATED USE OF MAGNETITE IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES." ScienceRise, no. 5 (November 11, 2020): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2020.001462.
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The object of research: magnetite obtained by using the ferritic method for the purification of iron-containing solutions.
Problem to be solved: a comprehensive solution to the problem of using magnetite, obtained as a result of using the ferrite method for purifying iron-containing solutions, as a catalyst for the oxidation of carbon monoxide and its further utilization in the production of building materials.
The main scientific results: it has been shown that the magnetite precipitate formed during the processing of pickling solutions by the ferrite method can be used as a cheap, affordable and effective catalyst for the oxidation of carbon monoxide from flue gases of industrial enterprises, the disposal of which after long-term use does not create problems due to its stability and inertness.
Field of practical use of research results: the use of the ferrite method in the purification of pickling solutions of metallurgical enterprises provides not only an increase in the efficiency of water purification, but also leads to the introduction of waste-free technology. The decisive factor will be the use of magnetite as sludge of the use of ferrite technology to solve the problem of reducing flue gas emissions from the production of electrodes for the metallurgical industry, which include toxic carbon monoxide.
Innovative technology product: waste-free technology for the processing of pickling solutions by the ferrite method with the formation of a product with magnetic and catalytic properties, further processing of which consists in using red lead iron as a pigment in the production of building materials.
Scope of the innovative technology product: oxidation of carbon monoxide from industrial flue gases, followed by the use of red lead as a pigment.
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Zherlykina, M. N., T. V. Shchukina, and A. Gurbangulyev. "Optimization of Building Air Conditioning Processes Applying Free Cooling." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 24, no. 2 (October 4, 2020): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2020-24-2-73-89.
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Purpose of research is to carry out an applied research of the thermal behaviour of the production premise of an industrial building and to develop air conditioning processes, including the search for an expedient circuit design for conditioning and increasing the effectiveness of the system by using the cold outdoor air.Methods. In the work, based on the results of the energy audit, a technique for calculating the flows of harmful emissions in the production premise in the Production mode was developed and the thermal loads of the objects of the study were determined to achieve the set objectives. Possible options for air processing by technological conditioning systems including the minimization of energy costs are analyzed. For the assimilation of excess heat in the warm season and a rational choice of the air treatment process in order to save thermal energy consumption, techniques of air treatment with and without heating are proposed. In the cold season, it is proposed to carry out air conditioning using cold outdoor air. The versatility of the technique makes it possible to determine a process feasible in real conditions, including adjusting the processing scheme, in which air preheating is required.Results. The result of the research work is the development of a number of engineering and technical solutions to ensure the energy efficiency of the engineering system and improve the consumer quality of the research objects.Conclusion. Implementation of the developed measures for thermal protection of the research object and the use of energy-efficient engineering solutions will allow achieving the following results: to improve the consumer quality of buildings, to bring the parameters of the internal microclimate to the standard value; to extend significantly the service life of enclosing structures, to ensure the quality of the air intended for the technological process with a high degree of accuracy, to ensure energy savings for air conditioning through the use of the cold outdoor air; to maintain a minimum cooling temperature by mixing outdoor and recirculated air without the risk of frost formation on the surface of the heat exchanger and the formation of ice.
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Burlachenko, Oleg V., Oksana G. Chesnokova, and Tatiana F. Cherednichenko. "The Usage of Modern Inorganic Composite Material in the Design of Insulation of Unheated Smoke-Free Stairwells." Defect and Diffusion Forum 410 (August 17, 2021): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.599.
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The article describes the problems that arise during the operation of unheated, smoke-free stairwells in multi-storey residential buildings. Measures are proposed for thermal protection of premises adjacent to stairwells of the H1 type. To solve the problems of improving the energy efficiency of the building, it is proposed to use modern thermal insulation material. In addition, a constructive solution is proposed for the insulation of the internal walls of an unheated, smoke-free stairwell using foam glass, which will ensure the strength, durability and reliability of thermal protection and finishing. Using modern composite materials, it is possible to improve the energy efficiency of the building.
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Olusanya, Olasunmbo Ayanfeoluwa. "Subcontracting Systems and Social Protection in the Informal Building Construction Industry in Lagos, Nigeria." Journal of Construction Business and Management 2, no. 1 (January 3, 2018): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/jcbm.2.1.91.
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Subcontracting systems are entrenched in the building construction process in Nigeria. However, the implications for informal building construction industry workers' access to social protection measures are a cause for concern. This study examined the influence of subcontracting systems on access to social protection measures by workers in the informal building construction industry in Lagos, Nigeria, based on a cross-sectional research design, agency theory and the general theory of employment. The secondary and primary data used for the study were derived from a systematic review of relevant literature, a questionnaire administered to 908 respondents and 50 key informant interviews among informal building construction workers and subcontractors. The structured questionnaire was subjected to internal and external validity; the Cronbach's Alpha reliability test of the survey stood at 0.722. Data extracted from the structured questionnaire and interviews were analysed through the use of descriptive statistics, correlational analysis and narrative analysis. Findings revealed that workers got financial and health assistance from employers and government respectively. Results also show that informal building construction workers perceived provision of social protection as inadequate. The results of Pearson Correlation indicate that subcontracting systems have an inverse and statistically significant relationship with access to free or subsidised medical care, the remedy to accident on site and pattern of savings. Therefore, subcontracting systems influenced the availability of social protection measures significantly. Based on the findings and the important roles of subcontractors in the building construction industry, it is recommended that appropriate legislative instrument should be developed to address the challenges posed by subcontracting concerning access to social protection measures in the informal building construction industry. It is also suggested that steps should be taken by the government to promote formalisation of employment in the informal sector and support community-based social insurance schemes in Nigeria.
Keywords: Building construction, Informal economy, Lagos, Social protection, Subcontracting systems.
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Studer, Sibylle, and Stefan Rieder. "What Can Policy-Makers Do to Increase the Effectiveness of Building Renovation Subsidies?" Climate 7, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7020028.
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Heating is responsible for a substantial share of global energy consumption and still relies strongly on fossil fuels. In order to reduce energy consumption for heating, subsidies for building renovations are a common policy measure in Europe. Policy makers often combine them with information and advice measures. Policy mixes of this kind have been acknowledged widely in the literature, but their effectiveness needs further empirical examination. Based on a survey of the recipients of renovation subsidies and on four focus groups, we examine the (cost) effectiveness of subsidies, as follows: The effectiveness of renovation subsidies was measured by the extent to which receiving subsidies contributed either to the decision to renovate at all, or to the decision to enhance the quality or scope of the renovation. Fifty percent of the recipients surveyed reported that the subsidies contributed to a more energy-efficient renovation than was initially intended. The other fifty percent must be considered as free riders. Multivariate analyses further show that homeowners who used advice services and attributed outstandingly positive characteristics to the policy implementer were more likely to spend subsidies to improve energy efficiency. The findings demonstrate the importance of applying a combination of financial and persuasive policy measures. Additionally, they illustrate the importance of non-financial and non-technical factors, such as the communication competencies of the implementer, when designing policy measures.
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Blomqvist, Stefan, Lina La Fleur, Shahnaz Amiri, Patrik Rohdin, and Louise Ödlund (former Trygg). "The Impact on System Performance When Renovating a Multifamily Building Stock in a District Heated Region." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 2199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082199.
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In Sweden, 90% of multifamily buildings utilize district heat and a large portion is in need of renovation. The aim is to analyze the impact of renovating a multifamily building stock in a district heating and cooling system, in terms of primary energy savings, peak power demands, electricity demand and production, and greenhouse gas emissions on local and global levels. The study analyzes scenarios regarding measures on the building envelope, ventilation, and substitution from district heat to ground source heat pump. The results indicate improved energy performance for all scenarios, ranging from 11% to 56%. Moreover, the scenarios present a reduction of fossil fuel use and reduced peak power demand in the district heating and cooling system ranging from 1 MW to 13 MW, corresponding to 4–48 W/m2 heated building area. However, the study concludes that scenarios including a ground source heat pump generate significantly higher global greenhouse gas emissions relative to scenarios including district heating. Furthermore, in a future fossil-free district heating and cooling system, a reduction in primary energy use will lead to a local reduction of emissions along with a positive effect on global greenhouse gas emissions, outperforming measures with a ground source heat pump.
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Baglivo, Cristina. "Dynamic Evaluation of the Effects of Climate Change on the Energy Renovation of a School in a Mediterranean Climate." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 3, 2021): 6375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116375.
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This paper addresses the effects of long-term climate change on retrofit actions on a school building located in a Mediterranean climate. Dynamic energy simulations were performed using Termolog EpiX 11, first with conventional climate data and then with future year climate data exported from the CCWorldWeatherGen computational software. To date, many incentive actions are promoted for school renovations, but are these measures effective in preventing the discomfort that will be found due to overheating generated by climate change? Today, one of the main objectives in retrofit measures is the achievement of ZEB (Zero Energy Building) performance. Achieving this target requires first and foremost a high-performance envelope. This study evaluates the impact of retrofit strategies mostly applied to the school building envelope, over the years, considering three different time horizons, until 2080. Thermal performance indices and indoor operative temperature under free-floating were evaluated. The results highlight that, with a changing climate, it is no longer possible to assume a constant static condition to evaluate retrofit actions, but it is necessary to develop a predictive mathematical model that considers the design variability for future years. There is an urgent necessity to ensure both the safety and comfort of buildings while also anticipating future variations in climate.
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Nahouli, Zacharia, Coral J. Dando, Jay-Marie Mackenzie, and Andreas Aresti. "Rapport building and witness memory: Actions may ‘speak’ louder than words." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): e0256084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256084.
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Building rapport during police interviews is argued as important for improving on the completeness and accuracy of information provided by witnesses and victims. However, little experimental research has clearly operationalised rapport and investigated the impact of rapport behaviours on episodic memory. Eighty adults watched a video of a mock crime event and 24-hours later were randomly allocated to an interview condition where verbal and/or behavioural (non-verbal) rapport techniques were manipulated. Memorial performance measures revealed significantly more correct information, without a concomitant increase in errors, was elicited when behavioural rapport was present, a superiority effect found in both the free and probed recall phase of interviews. The presence of verbal rapport was found to reduce recall accuracy in the free recall phase of interviews. Post-interview feedback revealed significant multivariate effects for the presence of behavioural (only) rapport and combined (behavioural + verbal) rapport. Participants rated their interview experience far more positively when these types of rapport were present compared to when verbal (only) rapport or no rapport was present. These findings add weight to the importance of rapport in supporting eyewitness cognition, highlighting the potential consequences of impoverished social behaviours for building rapport during dyadic interactions, suggesting ‘doing’ rather than simply ‘saying’ may be more beneficial.
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Ji, Jin Bao, Wei Ming Yan, and Qian Zhou. "Seismic Damage Causes and Strengthening Methods of Museum Free-Standing Cultural Relics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1558–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1558.
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To protect museum cultural relics, seismic damage causes as well as aseismic strengthening methods of free-standing museum cultural relics were studied in this paper. Museums, cultural relics and their bases were all considered to study causes of damage of free-standing relics. Shortages of typical domestic aseismic methods were discussed, overseas isolation techniques were introduced. Based on 2 typical examples, reasonable strengthening methods for museum cultural relics were further demonstrated. Results show that main damage causes of museum cultural relics under earthquakes relate closely to over strong earthquake intensity, shortage of strengthening measures of relic, destruction of showcase or museum building and so on; museum, showcase and relic are all important factors for aseismic strengthening of the relics. Besides, to effectively protect the relics, traditional strengthening methods have to be improved; development as well as application of new isolation devices is encouraged.
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Baía Saraiva, Nuno, Luisa Dias Pereira, Adélio Rodrigues Gaspar, and José Joaquim da Costa. "Barriers on Establishing Passive Strategies in Office Spaces: A Case Study in a Historic University Building." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 4563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084563.
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The adaptation of spaces to different usage typologies can be complex in heritage buildings. Facilities were initially planned for a specific type of use that, when changed, require additional measures to ensure a suitable indoor environment. Passive strategies—e.g., free cooling—are commonly used as an alternative without requiring equipment installation. However, its implementation often leads to unsatisfactory conditions. Therefore, it is important to clarify the main barriers to achieving thermal comfort in readapted historic buildings. The present work investigates the thermal comfort conditions reported by workers in office spaces of a historic building in the University of Coimbra. A monitoring campaign was carried out between May and September 2020 to assess indoor conditions’ quality. Due to the current pandemic of COVID-19, offices were not occupied at full capacity. A one-day evaluation of thermal comfort was made using a climate analyzer and six occupants were surveyed on 19 August 2020. The main results highlighted discomfort due to overheating of spaces. The causes were related to the combination of inadequate implementation of the free cooling actions and the building use. Furthermore, it was recommended the installation of HVAC systems in case of full capacity.
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Kazimierowski, Piotr. "Requirements for rail service." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2016, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_16_05_04.
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One of the elements of the integration process of the European Union is striving to remove barriers to the free movement of persons, goods, services and capital between the countries of the Community. This process does not bypass means that rail transport for environmental reasons is promoted, developed and is to constitute one of the pillars of building cohesion, despite the numerous technological diff erences existing between the systems in the individual EU countries. These measures are aimed as soon as possible to ensure interoperability between countries and transport systems.
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Pauly, Markus, and Łukasz Smaga. "Asymptotic permutation tests for coefficients of variation and standardised means in general one-way ANOVA models." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 9 (March 18, 2020): 2733–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280220909959.
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Coefficients of variations are unit-free measures that can, for example, be used to compare the variability of different samples. To this end, we study inference methods for them as well as their reciprocal given by standardised means in general heterogeneous one-way ANOVA designs. As no specific model assumptions are made, a permutation method is proposed to guarantee good finite sample performance. Building on recent limit theorems for randomisation techniques, we prove that the permutation procedure is asymptotically correct in general and finitely exact when data is exchangeable. These results are fostered in extensive simulation studies and two illustrative data analyses.
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Rozhkov, A. F., A. A. Lavrov, I. V. Pikuleva, and D. A. Polivanov. "Providing the spatial rigidity of a multi-story wood-based frame building." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 47, no. 4 (January 21, 2021): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2020-47-4-151-161.
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Objective. The article deals with the problem of ensuring the rigidity of a frame wooden multi-story building and ways to achieve the necessary spatial rigidity, taking into account the requirements of preserving the internal volume and free space. The case of excess spatial rigidity and measures to optimize it are provided to increase the economic efficiency of the project.Methods. A simpler and less time-consuming method is the initial estimation of the cross-sectional area of the rigid elements that take the wind load. The authors propose a method for the preliminary calculation of building stiffness with subsequent adjustment in the calculation scheme.Results. The design scheme of the building frame is made in the Scad Office software package to take into account the influence of the own structure weight, the redistribution of forces and movements due to the spatial work of the frame, with subsequent adjustment of the cross-sections of rigid elements.Conclusion. The most rational and least time-consuming method for numerical calculation of stiffness is the initial estimation of the cross-sectional area of the system of rigid elements. With its help, it is possible to avoid an excess of spatial rigidity of the building and reduce the time and labor costs for selecting the location of rigid elements.
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Kuznetsova, G. V., and V. V. Korovkin. "Digitalization and domestic machine building: Prospects and risks." National Interests: Priorities and Security 16, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 678–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.16.4.678.
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Subject. The article discusses the current and future development of domestic machine building as digital transformation processes are under way worldwide. Objectives. The study explores how a new wave of S&T progress influences the coming future of the industry by predicting and analyzing domestic machine building as is. We also substantiate that, as the most critical part of the Russian economy, the machine building sector should be redesigned in terms of its structure and management so as to adapt to challenges brought by digitalization. Methods. The study employs the logic systems analysis of statistical data and expert assessments, techniques for generalization and grouping, abstraction-logic method. Results. The domestic machine building crisis was proved to still linger. Those meager achievements are not viable without the State aid. What describes the industry is that the Russian enterprises and products are hardly integrated into global chain values, resulting from their low competitiveness globally. Most of them are designated for the domestic market or even narrower regional markets. Conclusions and Relevance. There is still no definite conclusion on the impact of digitalization on the future of domestic machine building. However, the industry is not very prepared for innovation, with the governmental domination of the economy impeding the innovative transformation, which requires the freedom of business. As a preliminary requirement for Russia to join a group of global leaders, it should create conditions for the free development of businesses by integrating into global value chains and become more competitive. The findings can underlie practical measures to formulate the industrial policy from macro- and microeconomic perspectives.
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Mahar, Waqas Ahmed, Griet Verbeeck, Sigrid Reiter, and Shady Attia. "Sensitivity Analysis of Passive Design Strategies for Residential Buildings in Cold Semi-Arid Climates." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 4, 2020): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031091.
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Buildings are significant drivers of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Improving the thermal comfort of occupants in free-running buildings and avoiding active and fossil fuel-based systems is the main challenge in many cities worldwide. However, the impacts of passive design measures on thermal comfort in cold semi-arid regions are seldom studied. With the rapid urbanization and the widespread use of personalised heating and cooling systems, there is a need to inform building designers and city authorities about passive design measures that can achieve nearly optimal conditions. Therefore, in this study, a global sensitivity analysis of the impact of passive design parameters on adaptive comfort in cold semi-arid climates was conducted. A representative residential building was simulated and calibrated in Quetta, Pakistan, to identify key design parameters for optimal thermal comfort. The results list and rank a set of passive design recommendations that can be used widely in similar climates. The results show that among the investigated 21 design variables, the insulation type of roof is the most influential design variable. Overall, the sensitivity analysis yielded new quantitative and qualitative knowledge about the passive design of buildings with personalised heating systems, but the used sensitivity analysis has some limitations. Finally, this study provides evidence-based and informed design recommendations that can serve architects and homeowners to integrate passive design measures at the earliest conceptual design phases in cold semi-arid climates.
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Srikanth, Aligi. "Incidents of Sexual Harassment at Educational Institutions in India: Preventive Measures and Grievance Handling." Asian Review of Social Sciences 7, no. 3 (November 5, 2018): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2018.7.3.1458.
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Building up of a value based work culture is expected to be inherent in every educational setting. The emphasis of this research paper is to set up a preventive measure and fair procedure to develop a better and reliable organisational culture in educational institutions, free from issues of sexual harassment and exploitation. In doing so this paper will look at the recent developments in the arena of sexual harassment, the mandatory legal requirements for implementing policy that act as deterrent to and safeguard victim of sexual harassment at schools, colleges and universities. The paper highlights the imperatives that are vital for rendering executable and implementable policies, procedures and remedies. The research methodology adopted for this paper is doctrinal and sources of information are both primary and secondary which includes opinion and experience of women in educational institutions, reports and articles from books, newspapers, websites, case laws, etc. Various statute books and Bare Acts like the Indian Penal Code, 1860, Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 and The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act 2013 has also been referred for the study. Research attempted to understand the perception of women in educational institutions towards sexual harassment issues and identify the consequences and aftermath of incidents of sexual harassment at workplace. This paper suggests measures for effective implementation of Sexual Harassment Redressal forums in Educational Institutions as prescribed by law of land.
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Prabowo, Rachmat Wahyu. "TIPOLOGI KERUSAKAN BANGUNAN AKIBAT CUACA EKSTREM STUDI KASUS CUACA EKSTREM KABUPATEN BANTUL 2019." Sustainable, Planning and Culture (SPACE) : Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/space.v2i2.1123.
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The threat of disaster is unavoidable in Indonesia. In 2018, for example, 2,564 disasters occurred in which no city / district in Indonesia was free from threats. Statistical data shows that more than 90% of disasters in Indonesia are included in the hydrometereological disaster category, which has continued to increase over the past 15 years. Even in the early half of 2020, there were 256 disasters with 99% of them being hydrometereological disasters such as floods, landslides and tornadoes. The existence of extreme weather events in Bantul Regency in 2019 shows that the dangers of hydrometereology can cause considerable harm to the community. There needs to be a study to find out how to mitigate hydrometereological disasters which are the most common hazards in Indonesia. Analysis of building damage and disaster data needs to be carried out to determine the characteristics of the impact of extreme weather on buildings, to identify building elements that are vulnerable to damage, to provide anticipatory measures and alertness to extreme weather in Indonesia. Building damage data is grouped and processed in graphical form to read information patterns as material for analysis. The results of the study show that there are things that must be done in the face of extreme weather including: choosing the quality of materials and the strength of the construction of the building, attention to building elements, especially the back of the building (kitchen & bathroom), walls, and foundations, high vigilance in the area steep contours and highlands, need to be vigilant with all elements of society in areas of high potential for extreme weather, and the need to pay attention to vulnerable groups of the elderly and children.
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Zhou, Qi, and YuanJian Tian. "Spatial-temporal Evolution and Completeness Analysis of OpenStreetMap Building Data in China from 2012 to 2017." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-436-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> OpenStreetMap (OSM), as a typical volunteered geographic information project, is an online map with free content and everyone can edit and use it (Goodchild 2007). A range of applications has been proposed using OSM data, including routing and navigation, crisis mapping, 3D modelling, land use/cover mapping. This is because the OSM data is not only free of use, but also has a global coverage and high currentness. In despite of the above advantages, however, most of the OSM data were contributed by ‘non-professional’ or ‘amateur geographers’ (Goodchild 2008; Haklay 2010). Therefore, a lot of concerns have been paid attention to the quality issue of the OSM data. Assessing the quality of OSM data has become a hot topic in the field of geographic information science.</p><p>Extensive studies have been carried out on assessing various quality measures (e.g. positional accuracy, completeness and attribute accuracy) of OSM datasets in different countries or districts such as Germany, England, France, Italy, Canada and the United States. In the meanwhile, the road feature of an OSM dataset has been paid much attention to. To our knowledge, however, not any study has been focused on assessing the data quality of OSM building data in China, although it may be an essential data source for urban planning and management, 3D modelling and indoor navigation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the OSM building data in China. More precisely, an analysis of the spatial-temporal evolution and completeness of OSM building data in China from 2012 to 2017 was carried out. The tenet of our study was to employ two quality indicators, i.e. building count (Gröchenig et al. 2013, Barron et al. 2014, Fan 2016) and building density (Zhou 2018), for the analyses. First, the numbers of OSM building data from 2012 to 2017 were calculated in terms of both provincial- and prefecture-level divisions in China; The OSM building count were then compared among different divisions and also different years (2012&ndash;2017) for analyzing the evolution of OSM building data in China in both temporal dimension and spatial scale. Moreover, the correlations between OSM building counts and four potential factors (i.e. gross domestic product (GDP), population, urban land area, OSM road length), which may influence the development of OSM building data in China, were respectively investigated. Second, a 1&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;1&thinsp;km<sup>2</sup> regular grid was overlapped onto the OSM building datasets in urban areas for calculating the OSM building density of each grid cell; Moreover, high-density grid cells (whose OSM building data were almost complete) were extracted and analyzed through a simple clustering method, in order to investigate the spatial pattern of OSM building data in urban areas. Results showed that,</p><p>1) The OSM building data in China increased almost 20 times from the years 2012 to 2017, especially for those located in the eastern coastal regions of China (e.g. the provincial-level divisions: Jinagsu, Zhejiang, Guangzhou and Shandong and the prefecture-level divisions: Beijing, Nantong, Shanghai, Tianjin, Suzhou, Yangzhou and Dalian). In most cases, both the GDP and OSM road length factors had a moderate correlation with the OSM building count.</p><p> 2) Most of the grid cells in urban areas still had no building or their building densities were equal to 0%, which indicated that the OSM building dataset in China was far from being complete. From analyzing the high density grid cells, two typical spatial distribution modes, i.e. dispersion and aggregation, were found in different prefecture-level divisions. As an example, the high-density grid cells for some prefecture-level divisions (e.g. Luoyang, Yueyang and Dalian) were mostly aggregated in the city cores; while those for some (e.g. Beijing Tianjin and Shanghai) were located in the hot spots such as business districts, attractions and transportation hubs.</p><p>The above results may benefit for users (especially those researchers and educators) to choose appropriate study area(s) from the OSM building dataset in China. In the meanwhile, the volunteers around the world may be motivated to contribute more OSM building data in this region. Further research work may include: developing quality indicators for quantitative completeness estimation of OSM building data, especially in rural areas; and investigating other quality measures (e.g. positional accuracy and semantic accuracy) or geographical features (e.g. railways, land uses, and points of interest) in China’s OSM dataset.</p>
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Brown, Ashley, Helen Sweeting, Greig Logan, Evangelia Demou, and Kate Hunt. "Prison Staff and Prisoner Views on a Prison Smoking Ban: Evidence From the Tobacco in Prisons Study." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 21, no. 8 (May 26, 2018): 1027–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty092.
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Abstract Introduction In jurisdictions permitting prisoner smoking, rates are high (c75%), with smoking embedded in prison culture, leading to secondhand smoke exposures among staff and prisoners and challenges for smoking cessation. Momentum is building to ban smoking in prisons, but research on staff and prisoner views is lacking. We address this gap, providing evidence on staff and prisoner views throughout all Scottish prisons. Methods Data were collected prior to the announcement of a (November 2018) prison smoking ban throughout Scotland. Mixed methods were used: surveys of staff (online, N = 1271, ~27%) and prisoners (questionnaire, N = 2512, ~34%); 17 focus groups and two paired interviews with staff in 14 prisons. Results Staff were more positive than prisoners about bans and increased smoking restrictions, although prisoner views were more favorable should e-cigarettes be permitted. Nonsmokers were more positive than smokers. Whilst 74% staff and 22% prisoners agreed bans were a good idea, both groups acknowledged implementation and enforcement challenges. Staff views were influenced by beliefs about: acceptability of the policy in principle and whether/how bans could be achieved. Although some voiced doubts about smoke-free policies, staff likened a ban to other operational challenges. Staff raised concerns around needs for appropriate measures, resources and support, adequate lead-in time, and effective communication prior to a ban. Conclusion We recommend that regular and open opportunities for dialogue within and between different stakeholder groups are created when preparing for prison smoking bans and that specific measures to address staff and prisoner concerns are incorporated into plans to create and maintain smoke-free environments. Implications To our knowledge, this study is the first to research staff and prisoner views across a whole prison system prior to implementation of smoke-free policies. The results highlight potential challenges and suggest measures, which might help to maximize the success of bans. Our results are relevant for prison service managers responsible for the forthcoming introduction of a ban in Scottish prisons (November 2018) and for other prison systems and comparable institutions planning smoke-free initiatives. Given that prison smoking bans may be contentious, we recommend creating regular and open opportunities for dialogue between stakeholders when preparing for and maintaining smoke-free environments.
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Issaraelian, Evgenia L. "L’initiative de Gorbatchev à Mourmansk et les mesures de restauration de la confiance dans l’Arctique." Études internationales 20, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/702460ar.
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In his speech at Murmansk on October 1, 1987, General Secretary Gorbachev presented a programme to radically lower the level of military confrontation in the Arctic and proposed a number of confidence-building measures. The Murmansk initiative followed numerous previous proposals along the same line, going back to the nineteen fifties. The political and military aspects of the initiative are linked to the Soviet concept of international security. There are three main elements to this concept: first, the impossibility, to-day, of insuring a country's security by military means alone; second, security must be mutual between the Soviet Union and the United States and it must be universal in the rest of the world; third, security must be comprehensive and must include the military, political, economic and humanitarian dimensions. Specifically on northern security, it must be noted that the Soviet Union is quite vulnerable in the Arctic, with about half of its total land mass north of the 60th parallel. Also, the Arctic offers the shortest route for ICBMS, SLBMs and strategic bombers. Consequently, international security in the Arctic dictates confidence-building measures. The Murmansk initiative represents a significant contribution to the whole process of confidence-building by proposing, in particular: to limit the number of large exercises by naval and air forces in the Northern seas; to invite observers to such exercises; to include Barents Sea, along with other Northern seas, in a zone of peace; to ban anti-submarine activities in agreed areas of the Northern and Western Atlantic; to include the reduction of military activities in the Arctic on the agenda of the second stage of the Conference on CBM and Disarmement in Europe; to reduce naval activities in international straits; and to pursue the establishment of a Nordic nuclear weapon-free zone for which the Soviet Union would act as guarantor.
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Pulyaev, Sergey, and Ivan Pulyaev. "Considering the temperature factor of hardening concrete in the construction of transport infrastructure facilities." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126301003.
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Currently, there is a significant increase in personal and commercial road transport in the Russian Federation, which is why the issue of building new roads, bridges, tunnels, and other crossings is becoming more acute. Since often during the construction of these facilities, one of the main tasks is to minimize the construction period of the object, the process of intensifying production processes comes first. Based on the fact that the absolute leader in the use of reinforced concrete as the main building material, it is important and necessary to observe all the quality characteristics of this material both at the stage of laying the concrete mixture in the formwork, and in the process of maintaining the hardening concrete until the termination of heat-and-humidity care for it. In this regard, in order to optimize the temperature factor of hardening concrete in the construction of transport infrastructure facilities, it is necessary to provide measures at the design stage to consider the influence of the temperature gradient of hardening concrete on the operational properties of building structures. The article presents the main methods for considering the temperature factor of the hardening concrete of the constructed structures, developed by the authors of the work, the use of which will ensure the defect-free concreting of objects, including in an accelerated time.
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Ladislau Batista, Josielma, Livia Da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar, and Ricardo Silva Parente. "Accident Prevention in Electrical Installations at Construction Sites in Manaus - Amazonas." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 10 (October 31, 2019): 614–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1808.
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Electricity brings great benefits to the population, but when misused can pose a great danger especially with regard to safety.Safety is risk fre.Despite several safety standards and standards in place to ensure safety in work involving electricity, there are still many accidents that range from minor injuries to fatalities.The present work aims to propose preventive measures for the risks existing in building electrical installations, in order to guarantee the safety and health of workers who perform activities and services of electrical installations, by explaining the origin of the causes of accidents in buildings. electrical installations, workers' awareness of the importance of safety and the main risks in electrical services. Subsequent to this, preventive and corrective measures will be suggested to reduce work accidents in building electrical installations. In the development of this study, a direct observation field research was carried out in three construction sites of Manaus City, where relevant aspects related to work safety were observed, with works involving electricity.In partnership with the field research, bibliographical researches were carried out in order to strengthen the data collected in the sites of the researched works.According to the bibliographic survey and direct observation field research, the main consequences of not complying with the recommendations prescribed in NR1O and NBR 5410 are accidents and occupational diseases.Accidents are caused by unsafe acts and unsafe condition.The importance of DDS (Safety Dialogue) was pointed out to show the importance of equipment to workers, the percentage of personal protective equipment used at construction sites and the reasons that lead workers not to use PPE, among others. Through the lecture, it was possible to clarify to workers about the importance of using preventive measures so that they change their attitudes and there is a transformation and behavioral changes on safety measures.Therefore, although companies have accident prevention measures, it is confirmed that the maximum of protective measures has their flaws.There is no work environment completely free of hazards and risks.Risks will always exist, even if in minimal proportions. Most workers have positive conceptions of improvements and benefits from the prevention of accidents in electricity.
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Abdurrahmani, Bledar. "The Communist past of Albania and the Country in 25 Years of Transition." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 4 (January 21, 2017): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i4.p110-110.
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Already quarter of a decade after the fall of communism in Albania, the country continues to struggle with an undergoing profound political, economic, social and legal transition period. This long transition challenges the constitutional aspiration of the Albanian people to build a democratic state that is founded on the protection and guarantee of human rights and fundamental freedoms, on building a future of social peace and economic prosperity. Despite a large corpus of constitutional and legal measures undertaken during the transition years to build a state of law based on freedom and human rights, the initiative of the free market, private and public property, they have failed to address adequately the demand for respect of human rights and fundamental freedoms of a category of subjects that during communism suffered the profound violation of these rights, were victims of vicious inhuman acts and unable to benefit from repair as much as possible of the consequences of these violations.This paper aims to make a thorough analysis of the concept of transitional justice, the legal instruments of international law used to address the obligation of ex communist states to take measures for the eradication of the communist past, as a prerequisite for building a functional democracy founded upon social peace and prosperity. The essence of this paper lies in assessing how these instruments are reflected in domestic legislation, the stage they are and the effects they have brought about. The focus of this paper are the factors that have conditioned the separation of Albania from its communist past and the steps needed to be undertaken.
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Hahn, Ellen J., Jeslyn K. Kolpek, Erin Lee, Rachael Record, Amanda T. Wiggins, Karen M. Butler, and Mary Kay Rayens. "Rural Print Media and a Tailored Advocacy Intervention for Smoke-Free Policy." American Journal of Health Promotion 31, no. 1 (November 17, 2016): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.140725-quan-364.
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Purpose. To examine frequency, prominence, and content of local print media after a 4-year policy advocacy intervention. Design. This was a controlled community-based trial. Setting. The study took place in 39 rural counties (22 intervention, 17 comparison). Subjects. Subjects consisted of 2525 newspaper articles monitored over 18 quarters (July 2007 to December 2011). Intervention. One key element of the tailored policy advocacy intervention delivered by community advisors was building demand for smoke-free policy via media advocacy strategies. Measures. Media clips were coded to assess number of articles; percent of tobacco-related articles on the front page or bold heading section; percent of pro-health articles; and percent of articles with secondhand smoke (SHS)–relevant topics or themes. Analysis. Coded data were entered into Atlas.ti software. Article frequencies and attributes were compared between groups and over time using negative binomial regression for longitudinal data, with county-level demographics as covariates. Results. In the last 3 years, there were approximately twice as many articles in intervention than in comparison counties. Media clips from newspapers in intervention counties were between 1.4 and 2 times more likely to have front page placement and percent of relevant topic or theme than were those in comparison counties. There was no difference in rate of pro-health articles by group. Conclusion. The policy advocacy intervention to promote smoke-free policy increased media attention to SHS and may have increased public awareness of issues related to smoke-free policy.
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Ansari, Jamal H. "Improving access of the poor to serviced urban land in India." Social Change 30, no. 1-2 (March 2000): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570003000209.
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Free land market operations, and land development and disposal processes (whether carried out by public or private sector) have been deficient in securing access of the poor to serviced urban land. The poor have thus resorted to informal and mainly illegal methods of gaining a foothold on land for building shelters for themselves, giving rise to squatter settlements and unauthorized colonies. This paper reviews various aproaches for increasing the access of the poor to serviced urban land. Experiences relating to secure land tenure, land sharing, and incremental development approaches as practiced in India and other developing countries of Asia have been discussed. The role of NGOs and CBOs has also been highlighted. In the end, suggestions have been made regarding measures to be undertaken by planners and policy makers to improve accessibility of the poor to serviced urban land.
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Singh, Mayengbam Nandakishwor. "Election Commission, Electoral Democracy and Constitutionalization of Elections in India." Indian Journal of Public Administration 67, no. 2 (June 2021): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00195561211022579.
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Amid the debates as to whether India practises democracy in the true fashion, the stupendous role of the Election Commission of India (ECI) clearly exhibits that India adopts at least a robust electoral democracy. Stringent election codes of conduct are imposed on political parties. The ECI ensures that all Indian citizens eligible for political rights exercise their franchise independently. They are sufficiently empowered to choose their representatives. Since the responsibilities of ensuring free and fair elections are shouldered by the Election Commission, there is no doubt that it holds one of the worthiest roles in shaping Indian democracy. This article seeks to examine the changing role of the ECI in building electoral democracy in the country. Most importantly, the present article attempts to examine the noteworthy measures undertaken by the ECI to bolster the electoral democracy in India in the 21st century.
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Sulym, Borys. "Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations in modern conditions." Grani 23, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172091.
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The main directions of development of Ukrainian-Polish trade relations are considered in the article. The positive and negative effects of cross-border cooperation in trade and investment are substantiated, as well as a number of recommendations for building mutually beneficial relations on the basis of national interests.The purpose of this article is to assess the Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations in modern conditions in order to form scientifically sound recommendations for the development of mutually beneficial cross-border cooperation, taking into account national interests.Research methods. Methods of scientific analysis are used in the critical assessment of the concept of free market and free trade; comparison in the study of the dynamics of Ukrainian-Polish trade relations; graphical method for displaying and comparing trade in goods and services and investment between Poland and Ukraine; method of generalization in the development of proposals to improve the efficiency of cross-border trade and investment between countries, taking into account national characteristics and interests.Results. An assessment of Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations over the past ten years is given. It is proved that Ukrainian-Polish relations in the field of trade in goods do not have significant benefits for the Ukrainian economy, as their balance is negative during the period under study. Emphasis is placed on mutual exits in the field of trade in services, where the Polish side actively uses Ukrainian enterprises to order services for processing material resources through cheap labor, which stimulates the inflow of funds into Ukrainian business, job creation and more. There is a significant predominance of Polish investment in the national economy over Ukrainian investment in the Polish economy, due to the higher development of the Polish economy and interest in building branches and subsidiaries of Polish enterprises.A number of measures have been proposed to increase the economic complexity of the domestic economy in order to increase technological exports to Poland and equalize the trade balance between the countries; the directions of development of trade in services (in particular medical services in the conditions of COVID-19), as well as measures to increase the volume of Polish investment are substantiated.
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Seo, Donggoo, Kyungsuk Cho, Jongho Lee, and Sangheon Kim. "Study on the Improvement of Domestic Barrier-free Standard and Response Manual to Secure Evacuation Safety for Blind Persons." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2021.21.1.139.
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There are approximately 290 million blind people worldwide. Among them, approximately 40 million people are severely blind. Although systems and policies have been improved to enhance the convenience of the visually impaired, the standards related to evacuation safety in the case of fire have not been sufficiently improved. Therefore, in this study, to ensure the safe evacuation of the visually impaired in case of fire, domestic fire safety standards were derived by analyzing the development status of a domestic barrier-free system and related manuals based on the characteristics of evacuation behaviors of the visually impaired, as well as by reviewing the cases in the United States and the United Kingdom. As a result, the following measures were derived: 1) improving the display method for landmark elements, 2) customized fire safety education and training for employees, and 3) a plan to develop a personal emergency evacuation planning manual in accordance with the characteristics of a building. It is expected that these objectives can be used to improve fire safety standards and manuals and to develop related technologies for the visually impaired.
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Elison, Sarah, Jonathan Ward, Glyn Davies, Nicky Lidbetter, Daniel Hulme, and Mike Dagley. "An outcomes study of eTherapy for dual diagnosis using Breaking Free Online." Advances in Dual Diagnosis 7, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/add-11-2013-0025.
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Purpose – In recent years there has been a proliferation of computer-based psychotherapeutic interventions for common mental health difficulties. Building on this, a small number of such interventions have now been developed to address substance dependence, one of which is Breaking Free Online (BFO). A new “eTherapy” self-help service, which was set up by the UK mental health charity Self-Help Services, has provided access to BFO to service users presenting with comorbid mental health and substance misuse difficulties. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a range of clinical outcomes in the first cohort of service users accessing this dual diagnosis service. Design/methodology/approach – A number of standardised psychometric assessments were conducted with service users at baseline and post-treatment at discharge from the service. Outcome data were available for 47 service users out of an original cohort of 74. Findings – Statistically significant improvements were found in terms of measures of social functioning, depression, anxiety, alcohol and drug use and social anxiety. Clinically relevant gains were also identified, with fewer service users reaching threshold scores for depression and anxiety at post-treatment compared to baseline. Effect sizes also indicated that the identified improvements across the psychometric measures were robust and significant. Research limitations/implications – These findings provide further support for the clinical effectiveness of BFO, and also provide evidence that an eTherapy self-help service may be appropriate for some individuals presenting with dual diagnosis. Further research is underway with larger and alternative clinical populations to examine the effectiveness of BFO and also this novel eTherapy self-help approach. Originality/value – This paper has provided initial data to support effectiveness of a novel eTherapy service for dual diagnosis.
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Kariuki, Dorcas Wambui. "ICT for Sustainability or Sustainability in ICT? A Review of the Role of ICT in Enhancing Sustainability versus the Need to Enhance Sustainability in ICT." East African Journal of Information Technology 3, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajit.3.1.333.
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Is ICT a solution to sustainability problems or is it just a greater environmental problem? Throughout their lifecycle, ICT products and services are associated with significant levels of energy consumption and carbon emissions. On the contrary, despite being one of the main contributors to global carbon emissions, the ICT sector has a crucial role to play in boosting productivity and sustainability in many sectors—education, transport, agriculture, business, buildings, health, power, and manufacturing. To improve their efficiency and mitigate carbon emissions from ICT products, producers and end-users of such ICT products should therefore, employ measures that enhance their sustainability. Such measures identified in this article include the use of sustainable manufacturing processes, sustainable procurement/purchasing of ICT products, proper ICT product use, reuse, recycle, and proper disposal of ICT devices that are out of use. In data centres, such measures include virtualisation, recovery and reuse of waste heat, designing data centres to allow free cooling, control of restricted air conditioning, replacement of old servers and processors with new energy-efficient ones, and locating data centres near renewable energy sources. This is because apart from enhancing sustainability in the ICT sector itself, ICT has the potential to enhance sustainability in other sectors through improvement in efficiency and reduction in carbon emissions. This article discusses how ICT can enhance sustainability in the transport, power, manufacturing, and building sectors, which are the major energy consumers and carbon-emitting sectors.
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Blin, Frédéric, and Maria V. Fedotova. "Transforming a Building to Prevent Risks: the Case of the National and University Library Strasbourg (France)." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science] 68, no. 6 (February 2, 2020): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2019-68-6-627-633.
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Built between 1889 and 1895, internally fully transformed in the 1950s, the main building of the National and University Library Strasbourg was in 2004 diagnosed with a major potential risk. In case of a fire, the whole building would collapse and destroy all its remarkable collections in less than 15 minutes. Still traumatised by the complete destruction of the Strasbourg library in 1870, local, regional and national authorities decided to create a fully new and safe library within the original walls of this historical building, one of the architectural landmarks of the city. Between 2010 and 2014, four years of moving collections away and in again, of destructing all inner structures, of building new spaces for the users and for the collections, have led to one of the most beautiful libraries in France, joining original elements to modern facilities. Preventing risk was the core of the decision to launch this 65M€ project. The new library now responds to antisismic norms, has a relatively good inner climate stability due to new windows completing restored original ones, has climate control in all stacks and special fire security measures in two historical ones, even has a cold room for storing photographic documents. Cost issues were dealt with from the beginning, leading to some compromises on climate control. All stacks are free from any water pipe, smoke evacuation facilities have not been forgotten, and exhibition areas respond to all official norms. Four and a half years after the completion of the project, it is possible to draw an assessment of its successes and shortcomings. If the overall situation is nowhere close to comparable to what it was before, communication issues, compromises to reduce the costs, constraints of the original building, but also things not as well planned as they should have been, have however impacted the final result. And new themes have appeared since, linked to sustainable development and — very sadly — to security against terroristic acts, that had not been so actual 15 years ago and need to be addressed today. The improvement of the building is a continuous process that is included in the institution’s strategy; reducing risks still is an essential part of it.
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Seghier, Mohamed L. "Clustering of fMRI data: the elusive optimal number of clusters." PeerJ 6 (October 3, 2018): e5416. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5416.
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Model-free methods are widely used for the processing of brain fMRI data collected under natural stimulations, sleep, or rest. Among them is the popular fuzzy c-mean algorithm, commonly combined with cluster validity (CV) indices to identify the ‘true’ number of clusters (components), in an unsupervised way. CV indices may however reveal different optimal c-partitions for the same fMRI data, and their effectiveness can be hindered by the high data dimensionality, the limited signal-to-noise ratio, the small proportion of relevant voxels, and the presence of artefacts or outliers. Here, the author investigated the behaviour of seven robust CV indices. A new CV index that incorporates both compactness and separation measures is also introduced. Using both artificial and real fMRI data, the findings highlight the importance of looking at the behavior of different compactness and separation measures, defined here as building blocks of CV indices, to depict a full description of the data structure, in particular when no agreement is found between CV indices. Overall, for fMRI, it makes sense to relax the assumption that only one unique c-partition exists, and appreciate that different c-partitions (with different optimal numbers of clusters) can be useful explanations of the data, given the hierarchical organization of many brain networks.
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Frei, Daniel. "International Humanitarian Law and Arms Control." International Review of the Red Cross 28, no. 267 (December 1988): 491–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400071941.
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For almost two decades, the International Red Cross Movement has been engaged in a continuing process of self-examination regarding its contribution to peace and disarmament. At the same time, public attention is being focused on, and sometimes even captivated by, various bilateral and multilateral efforts to achieve progress in nuclear and non-nuclear arms control in fields such as the reduction of strategic and intermediate-range nuclear weapons, nuclear and chemical weapon-free zones, confidence- and security-building measures, and so on. The two lines of action are usually dealt with individually without proper consideration of the manifold interconnections existing between them. Only recently have efforts been made to clarify the relationship between the two. The purpose of this article is to bring them together and to do so by asking the question: To what extent can the effort to promote and implement international humanitarian law be seen as a contribution in terms of arms control?
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Shan, Wei, and Fang-Fang Wang. "Challenges and Policy Suggestions on the Development of Hydrogen Economy in China." E3S Web of Conferences 155 (2020): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015501011.
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In recent years, with the intensification of environmental damage, mankind is at a crossroads towards the next energy revolution. Hydrogen energy, because of its pollution-free nature, has become the focus of technological research and development in many countries, and the economic pattern around it is taking shape China’s investment in the field of new energy has been increasing in recent years, and the prospect of hydrogen economy has prompted China to continuously increase the development of hydrogen energy. However, it faces many obstacles, both technical and social. The Chinese government is now using financial subsidies to help hydrogen companies incubate. However, with the development of the industry, China is currently facing great obstacles in large-scale commercial application, intellectual property protection and innovation, standardization construction and social confidence. This paper believes that policy measures such as selective commercial distribution, innovation system building, industry standardization construction and social education can be adopted to help solve these challenges
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Yordanov, V., M. A. Brovelli, D. Carrion, L. Barazzetti, L. J. A. Francisco, H. R. Comia, and M. I. Caravela. "CAPACITY BUILDING FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN MOZAMBIQUE THROUGH TEACHING PUBLIC PARTICIPATORY GIS AND SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-3/W1-2020 (November 18, 2020): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-3-w1-2020-151-2020.
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Abstract. Mozambique is highly vulnerable to clime change induced hazards. The extreme weather impacts are directly related to the temperature and precipitation variations leading to more frequent and devastating events as floods, droughts and cyclones. Even though Mozambique has committed to international policies and has adopted mitigation measures, still it is lacking of sufficient capacity on various levels to lower the country’s vulnerability level. A consortium of eight partner countries, along with Mozambique, commenced a Climate Change Induced Disaster Management in Africa (CIDMA) project which aims at building education capacity through implementing geospatial information technology for improved disaster management in Mozambique. The core of the project is in developing three 10 ECTS courses that will implement state-of-the-art techniques and methodologies for dealing with climate change induced hazards. The courses are intended from one hand to university students and staff, but on the other to local authorities, organisations and companies occupied with disaster management, and local communities. As one of course, “Public Participatory GIS and Spatial Data Infrastructure in Disaster Management” is designed to prepare students to be able to produce thematic maps through GIS and crowdsourced data, as well as various EO data. With the presented course it is expected for the students to gain valuable theoretical and practical knowledge of GIS, VGI and SDI for exploiting, managing and processing geospatial data for risk mitigation and hazard mapping. Moreover, they will be skilled in using free and open-source GIS software, desktop and mobile mapping techniques, and free web-based dissemination and processing services. In addition, it is expected for the students to develop critical judgement for analysing data with the correct tools in case of climate induced disasters. This paper describes the design, structure and topics of the “Public Participatory GIS and Spatial Data Infrastructure in Disaster Management”.
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Adi Bandono, Avando Bastari, and Okol Sri Suharyo. "The relations concept of Indonesia-India; political, education, and defense perspective." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 7, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 071–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2021.7.3.0080.
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Indonesia and India see the Indian Ocean as their strategic political, education, defense, and maritime security. Diplomatic relations between Indonesia and India have been established since 1951 and were upgraded to become a Strategic Partnership in the fields of politics, defense, and maritime security aimed at increasing Confidence Building Measures (CBM). This study aims to analyze the perspective of Indonesia's cooperation with India in the fields of politics, defense and maritime security. The development of Indonesia-India relations has included mutual influence between soft power and hard power. Soft power in Indonesian and Indian foreign policy began to shift to strategic thinking or hard power in entering the stages of the development of Indonesian and Indian Education. This development is in line with Indonesia's foreign policy, which embraces free and active politics. Free means not being bound by ideology or by a foreign country's politics or by a specific bloc of nations, or superpowers, while active means a realistic contribution to developing freedom of friendship and international cooperation by respecting the sovereignty of other countries. Commemorating 70 years of Indonesia-India relations is expected to be a momentum to strengthen strategic cooperation between the two countries is neighboring and have the same interests, covering the Indian Ocean, South China Sea, and the Indo-Pacific as part of emerging strategic entities.
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Adan, Hassan, and Franz Fuerst. "Modelling energy retrofit investments in the UK housing market." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 4, no. 3 (November 16, 2015): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-03-2013-0016.
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Purpose – Improving the energy efficiency of the existing residential building stock has been identified as a key policy aim in many countries. The purpose of this paper is to review the extant literature on investment decisions in domestic energy efficiency and presents a model that is both grounded in microeconomic theory and empirically tractable. Design/methodology/approach – This study develops a modified and extended version of an existing microeconomic model to embed the retrofit investment decision in a residential property market context, taking into account tenants’ willingness to pay and cost-reducing synergies. A simple empirical test of the link between energy efficiency measures and housing market dynamics is then conducted. Findings – The empirical data analysis for England indicates that where house prices are low, energy efficiency measures tend to increase the value of a house more in relative terms compared to higher-priced regions. Second, where housing markets are tight, landlords and sellers will be successful even without investing in energy efficiency measures. Third, where wages and incomes are low, the potential gains from energy savings make up a larger proportion of those incomes compared to more affluent regions. This, in turn, acts as a further incentive for an energy retrofit. Finally, the UK government has been operating a subsidy scheme which allows all households below a certain income threshold to have certain energy efficiency measures carried out for free. In regions, where a larger proportion of households are eligible for these subsidies,the authors also expect a larger uptake. Originality/value – While the financial metrics of retrofit measures are by now well understood, most of the existing studies tend to view these investments in isolation, not as part of a larger bundle of considerations by landlords and owners of how energy retrofits might influence a property’s rent, price and appreciation rate. In this paper, the authors argue that establishing this link is crucial for a better understanding of the retrofit investment decision.
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Adelson, Kerin B., Kim Framski, Patricia Lazette, Teresita Vega, and Rogerio Lilenbaum. "An electronic intervention to improve structured cancer stage data capture." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.151.
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151 Background: Cancer Staging is critical for prognosticating, treatment planning, outcomes analysis, registry reporting and clinical trial eligibility determination. Oncology EHRs have structured staging modules but use by physicians is inconsistent. Typically, stage is entered as unstructured free text in clinical notes and cannot be used for reporting. Instead, institutions depend the tumor registry (TR) which typically lag 6 months behind. Our Cancer Committee determined that real-time capture of structured cancer staging was an imperative. Methods: We created an EPIC best practice advisory (BPA) decision support tool that requires physicians to enter cancer stage if the following criteria are met: 1)unstaged cancer on the problem list 2)EPIC staging module exists for that cancer 3)physician is from a specialty with staging expertise. This BPA was implemented 12/18/14. If physicians chose not to stage they had to enter a reason why. Choices were: 1) cancer diagnosed before 2014, at which the BPA was permanently removed 2) staging studies not yet completed, at which the BPA fired at a future encounter 3) Not a staging provider, at which the BPA no longer fires for that individual provider 4) Cannot stage: document reason, at which the BPA was permanently removed. Results: We used TR data to determine the number of patients who were eligible for staging. In 12 months prior to the intervention, 1480/5222, or 28% of patients who were eligible for staging were staged in the structured staging module. After we launched the intervention, between 12/18/14 and 4/30/15, 1654/1831 or 90% of eligible patients were staged electronically. This is an absolute improvement of > 200% Conclusions: Electronic decision support can dramatically improve rates of structured staging. Such data allows automated reports for clinical trial screening, outcomes analysis, quality comparisons, and reporting. We are now building automated reports for: clinical trial eligibility, Commission on Cancer/ QOPI breast, colon and lung measures, rates of palliative care consultation for advanced disease and outcome measures like disease free interval by stage and overall survival.
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Idzkowski, Adam, Karolina Karasowska, and Wojciech Walendziuk. "Temperature Analysis of the Stand-Alone and Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems Based on Simulation and Measurement Data." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2020): 4274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164274.
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Sunlight is converted into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect in photovoltaic cells. Energy yield of photovoltaic systems depends on the solar array location, orientation, tilt, tracking and local weather conditions. In order to determine the amount of energy produced in a photovoltaic system, it is important to analyze the operation of the photovoltaic (PV) arrays in real operating conditions and take into account the impact of external factors such as irradiance, ambient temperature or the speed of blowing wind, which is the natural coolant of PV panels. The analysis was carried out based on mathematical models and actual measurement data, regarding the dependence of the average temperature of PV arrays on variable and difficult to predict ambient conditions. The analysis used standard (nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT)), King, Skoplaki, Faiman and Mattei thermal models and the standard model for flat-plate photovoltaic arrays. Photovoltaic installations PV1, PV2a and PV2b, being part of the hybrid power plant of the Bialystok University of Technology, Poland, were the objects of the research. In the case of a free-standing solar system, the Skoplaki model proved to be the best method for determining the average temperatures of the PV arrays. For building-integrated PV systems, a corrected value of the mounting coefficient in the Skoplaki model was proposed, and the original results were compared. The comparison of the accuracy measures of the average operating temperatures for three micro-power plants, differently mounted and located, is presented.
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Krasnova, Anna, Sarah Tom, Linda Valeri, Maria Glymour, Paul Crane, and David Bennett. "Life Course Socioeconomic Status and Late-Life Cognition and Cognitive Decline in the Rush Memory and Aging Project." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.831.
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Abstract The relationships among life course socioeconomic status (SES) measures with later life cognition and cognitive decline are unclear. We test the hypothesis that life-course SES is associated with late life level of cognition and rate of cognitive decline. The Rush Memory and Aging Project enrolled 1,864 dementia-free people aged ≥65 years between 1994 – 2018. Participants reported early life (parental education, number of siblings, and childhood financial need), mid-life (income at 40 years), and late life (baseline income) SES. Global cognitive function is a composite of 19 neuropsychological tests, administered annually. We utilized marginal structural models to assess the effect of SES (dichotomized at the median) at three life-course stages on late life global cognitive function and decline. We calculated inverse probability weights to adjust for socio-demographic confounders at each life-course stage. A total 1,063 participants had all relevant variables. Average follow-up was 4.4 years, and mean baseline age was 80.4 years. Most respondents were non-Hispanic white (89.7%) and female (74.1%). In the fully adjusted model, high childhood SES (coefficient 0.10; 95% CI 0.01, 0.20) and high late-life SES were associated with higher cognition intercept (coefficient 0.21; 95% CI 0.09, 0.32). High mid-life SES was associated with slower rate of cognitive decline (coefficient 0.02; 95% CI 0.001, 0.05). Childhood and late-life SES measures were not related to cognitive decline. Childhood and adult SES may reflect processes in building cognitive capacity, while midlife SES may reflect cognition maintenance. Interventions relating to SES across the life-course may benefit later life cognition.
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Diamaoden, Arsalan A., Haimanah R. Abdulhakim, and Sittie Roselainie P. Camama. "The Decomissioning of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front Combatants in Camp Darul Arham, Butig Lanao Del Sur and It’s Implication to Peace." International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 2, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.03.07.
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Alongside the roadmap toward the creation of the Bangsamoro is an implementation of Normalization Process by both the Government of the Philippines (GPH) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) which mandates among others the decommissioning of MILF forces and weaponry. As a critical part of the similarly criti-cal normalization process, decommissioning shall be a process of putting the weapons of the MILF beyond use and a process of allowing a smooth transition for MILF combatants to productive civilian life. In line with this, this paper aims to: (a) track the socio-demographic profiles of the combatants; (b) examine the perceptions of the combatants in the decommissioning; (c) describe the role of the Independent Decommissioning Body (IDB) in the decommissioning process and challenges encounter; (d) draw implication from the findings of the study to peace building. The study utilized the explorative-evaluative research design that employed the qualitative descriptive approach in the interpre-tation of data to one hundred (100) combatants of Darul Arham and IDB staff. A researcher-designed survey questionnaire was used to elicit necessary information. Results show that the combatants highly perceived socio-economic assistance specifically financial, social development, and economic and sustainable livelihood assistance to be extended to them as they are being decommissioned. The study recommends for the strengthening of measures for the both parties, the GPH and the MILF, to promote and guarantee free movement of IDB and create an environment free of fear and of intimidation so it can fulfill its part in the normalization process.
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Terada, Takashi. "The US Struggles in APEC’s Trade Politics: Coalition-Building and Regional Integration in the Asia-Pacific." International Negotiation 18, no. 1 (2013): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718069-12341245.
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Abstract From a perspective of change in the institution’s function, the history of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) can be divided into four periods: 1989–1995, 1996–2001, 2001–2006, and 2007–present. APEC’s activities in each of these periods have been organized around major themes: respectively, the establishment of guidelines for liberalization; the implementation of liberalization measures; security issues such as counter-terrorism; and the establishment of a free trade area. American political will can be seen as a major driving force behind these changes in APEC’s agenda-setting. However, norm setting during the first and second periods encountered objections from China and Japan, respectively. During the third period, the Bush administration’s interest in combating terrorism through APEC was not supported by Asian members, who emphasized APEC’s primary role as a framework for economic cooperation, instead placed higher priorities on East Asian regionalism that excluded the US. In light of this shift, in the fourth period, the US once again urged that APEC should be used as a framework for liberalization and pushed for the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). This period saw the discriminatory, legally-binding and reciprocity-based norms for trade liberalization take root in APEC, resulting largely from the American coalition-building approach through the promotion of the TPP as an existing integration framework. This has helped to create a critical mass while competition with China over regional trade policies becomes more intense, demonstrating the case where the US successfully set its own preferred agenda and norm together for the first time.
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Antoniou, Nicola, Jill Marshall, Alexander Gilder, and Rabia Nasimi. "Royal Holloway, University of London and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association: New Partnerships and Challenges During COVID-19 in the Clinical Legal World." International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 27, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 155–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v27i4.1058.
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In January 2020, Royal Holloway, University of London set up a new Legal Advice Centre offering free legal advice to the local community, including building upon key partnerships to address unmet legal needs. This practice-paper discusses Royal Holloway’s Legal Advice Centre (LAC) and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association’s (ACCA) collaborative approach and response to the global pandemic since March 2020. It will highlight the unprecedented challenges that they have faced, and their efforts to overcome them. In addition, the paper will discuss their research project, which provides Royal Holloway’s student volunteers with the opportunity to gain unique multidisciplinary understandings of the effect of the pandemic in Afghanistan, and a chance to put their legal skills into practice by producing legal information to support local users of both Royal Holloway’s LAC and the Law Clinic at the ACAA.This practice-paper includes a road map to Royal Holloway’s long-term goal, namely, to work with ACAA to research the legal vulnerabilities of women in Afghanistan, with the aid of a research grant supporting international collaboration. Recent reports highlight that lockdown and quarantine measures will have a long-term impact on the basic rights and freedoms of Afghan women, who already face hardship.
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Gorbanev, S. A., N. A. Mozzhukhina, Gennady B. Yeremin, S. N. Noskov, A. O. Karelin, D. S. Vyucheyskaya, O. I. Kopytenkova, and E. A. Badaeva. "ON PROPOSALS FOR ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS TO SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS TO LIVING CONDITIONS IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS AND PREMISES." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 7 (October 28, 2019): 707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-7-707-712.
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Residential buildings and premises must comply with sanitary rules and regulations, but a lot of provisions of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions contradict Federal legislation and do not provide for the regulation of public relations arising in the process of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of population at all stages of arranging residential buildings and premises, therefore they require updating. International, national regulatory legal acts of a number of countries, regulatory legal acts of Russian Federation, establishing sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises, research studies carried out in Russia and abroad were used as research materials. A set of general scientific research methods: analytical, system-structural, comparative was a procedural basis of the study. Widening of the scope of sanitary standards and rules: extension of responsibility for compliance with the requirements of the document to the executive authorities, expanding the list of objects prohibited for allocation in residential buildings, measures to ensure a barrier-free environment for the disabled, requirements of inadmissibility of residential building destruction by mold, and others were suggested as the results of the study. Due to the fact that the problem of fresh air is common, the design indices of air and air exchange rate are proposed. Recommended changes regarding noise regulation assume the elimination of contradictions when correction coefficients are applied. Conclusions. Analysis of current sanitary and epidemiological requirements enabled to specify indoor environmental factors of the living space, originating from an interaction of outdoor environment, indoor environment of the living space and direct effect of the human himself and on which favorable living conditions depend, and elaborate on the reasons of violations of the established requirements. Suggested changes and additions corresponded to the main trends existing in international practice are aimed at specifying the provisions of the document, optimizing a number of standards, and eliminating contradictions. It is noted that regulation and monitoring of dwelling condition cannot be limited just by the indoor premises of the building. It is necessary to consider the living environment as a united system: human - residential unit (apartment, room, and auxiliary facilities) - building - surrounding grounds- microdistrict - residential area of the city.
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Pavlenko, T., V. Ivasenko, and I. Koval. "FORMATION METHODS OF PUBLIC SPACE DURING THE AIRPORT RECONSTRUCTION." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 159 (November 27, 2020): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-91-96.
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The paper considers the basic concepts in the reconstruction of airports and the public space formation. Certain terminology makes it clear that the concept of "civil space" as part of public space is formed in the open space structure. A special distinguishing criterion is charge free - the right to spend free time on a free basis to citizens and city guests. The peculiarities of the civil space formation as a component of public space in the city structure are revealed. The method of forming civil space during the airport reconstruction on the example of the Vovchansk city, Kharkiv region, is determined and worked out. The methods of civil space forming during airport reconstruction are carried out in stages: maximum collection of initial data, identification of problems and the main development vector, qualitative analysis of factors influencing the study object, determining the profitability of airport reconstruction, quantifying methods of reconstruction and forming a direct design solution based on the results. The first and second stages involve the initial data collection on the district planning and urban development prospects. Also, at this stage the main purposes and tasks of reconstruction are set, the type of functional filling of the airport is chosen. At this stage, the urban situation, infrastructure, socio-economic indicators and environmental aspects of the problem of the reconstructed area are analyzed. At the third stage, the site is analyzed, the topogeological features of the airport are studied, the main characteristics of the building planned for design and construction are determined. The fourth stage involves economic verification of the previous stages results. The fifth stage involves the methods selection for the direct reconstruction of the airport environment for construction. In the sixth stage, the typological direction of the construction object is finally chosen and a project is developed that takes into account the principles and research and creates conditions for their implementation through certain techniques and measures.
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Antoniou, Nicola, Jill Marshall, Alexander Gilder, and Rabia Nasimi. "Royal Holloway, University of London and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association: New Partnerships and Challenges During COVID-19 in the Clinical Legal World." International Journal of Public Legal Education 4, no. 2 (December 11, 2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijple.v4i2.1068.
Full textAbstract:
<p>In January 2020, Royal Holloway, University of London set up a new Legal Advice Centre offering free legal advice to the local community, including building upon key partnerships to address unmet legal needs. This practice-paper discusses Royal Holloway’s Legal Advice Centre (LAC) and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association’s (ACCA) collaborative approach and response to the global pandemic since March 2020. It will highlight the unprecedented challenges that they have faced, and their efforts to overcome them. In addition, the paper will discuss their research project, which provides Royal Holloway’s student volunteers with the opportunity to gain unique multidisciplinary understandings of the effect of the pandemic in Afghanistan, and a chance to put their legal skills into practice by producing legal information to support local users of both Royal Holloway’s LAC and the Law Clinic at the ACAA.</p><p><br />This practice-paper includes a road map to Royal Holloway’s long-term goal, namely, to work with ACAA to research the legal vulnerabilities of women in Afghanistan, with the aid of a research grant supporting international collaboration. Recent reports highlight that lockdown and quarantine measures will have a long-term impact on the basic rights and freedoms of Afghan women, who already face hardship.</p>
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Arikawa, Koji. "Graph Theory Teaches Us Something About Grammaticality." Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics 112, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pralin-2019-0002.
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Abstract Graph theory, which quantitatively measures the precise structure and complexity of any network, uncovers an optimal force balance in sentential graphs generated by the computational procedures of human natural language (CHL). It provides an alternative way to evaluate grammaticality by calculating ‘feature potential’ of nodes and ‘feature current’ along edges. An optimal force balance becomes visible by expressing ‘feature current’ through different point sizes of lines. Graph theory provides insights into syntax and contradicts Chomsky’s current proposal to discard tree notations. We propose an error minimization hypothesis for CHL: a good sentential network possesses an error-free self-organized force balance. CHL minimizes errors by (a) converting bottom-up flow (structure building) to top-down flow (parsing), (b) removing head projection edges, (c) preserving edges related to feature checking, (d) deleting DPmovement trajectories headed by an intermediate copy, (e) ensuring that covert wh-movement trajectories have infinitesimally small currents and conserving flow directions, and (f) robustly remedying a gap in wh-loop by using infinitesimally inexpensive wh-internally-merged (wh- IM) edge with the original flow direction. The CHL compels the sensorimotor (SM) interface to ground nodes so that Kirchhoff’s current law (a fundamental balance law) is satisfied. Internal merges are built-in grounding operations at the CHL–SM interface that generate loops and optimal force balance in sentential networks.
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Hurd, Ami L., Erik M. Augustson, Cathy L. Backinger, Candace Deaton, and Mary Anne Bright. "Impact of National ABC Promotion on 1-800-QUIT-NOW." American Journal of Health Promotion 21, no. 6 (July 2007): 481–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-21.6.481.
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Purpose. ABC's World News Tonight (WNT) promotion of 800-QUIT-NOW allowed for a nationwide introduction of the QUIT-NOW number; this study examined the impact on call volume. Design. Pre-postassessment. Setting. National health promotion campaign. Subjects. U.S. population (smokers). Measures. Monthly call attempts to the quitline at national and state levels. Intervention. During November 2005 ABC's WNT highlighted the National Network of Tobacco Cessation Quitlines' toll-free number, 800-QUIT-NOW, during the month-long series, “Quit to Live: Fighting Lung Cancer.” Analysis. We compared changes in call volume prepromotion, during promotion, and postpromotion by percent and regional differences, range, and average number of calls. Results. Overall call volume in the United States (49 states and the District of Columbia) increased markedly in November; 37,049 calls compared with 16,145 in October. Although there was large variability across states, there was an average of 317 calls prepromotion, 726 calls during the promotion, and 397 calls postpromotion. Conclusion. The promotion highlighted the need for capacity building in terms of both sustained promotion and ability of quitlines to provide service as the number of calls increased, as well as the importance of coordinating efforts so adjustments to individual state quitlines can be made. The series served as the first national promotion and drew attention to the potential impact on the National Network of Tobacco Cessation Quitlines.
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Yu, Yang, Hui Xu, Xiaohan Wang, Jiahong Wen, Shiqiang Du, Min Zhang, and Qian Ke. "Residents’ Willingness to Participate in Green Infrastructure: Spatial Differences and Influence Factors in Shanghai, China." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 29, 2019): 5396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195396.
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Green infrastructure (GI) plays a fundamental role in achieving urban pluvial flood management, mitigating urban heat island effect, and improving living suitability. Residents’ participation is the main driving force of GI implementation. Based on semi-structured interviews, GIS spatial analysis, and multiple regression, we investigated residents’ willingness to participate in the implementation of GI in public and private space and identified the influence factors in Shanghai, China. The results show that, compared with private space, residents prefer to implement GI in public space, where they have different preferences of GI measures. On urban scale, residents’ willingness to participate in the implementation of GI in private space is characterized as “high in the inner city, low in the suburban areas”, while the spatial difference is insignificant for public space. In addition, the factors affecting residents’ willingness to participate in the implementation of GI are different in private and public space. The deterministic factors of GI participation are gender, education level, and floor for private space, while only include building age for public space, in addition to the common factors of free time, cognition of GI, perception of pluvial flood risk, supportive factors, and environment-improving factors that can influence both private and public space GI participation. Our analysis therefore provides valuable information for policymakers concerning nature-based solutions to climate change adaptation and urban sustainability.