Relevant bibliographies by topics / Building Model Generation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Building Model Generation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Building Model Generation"

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Yastikli, N., and Z. Cetin. "AUTOMATIC 3D BUILDING MODEL GENERATIONS WITH AIRBORNE LiDAR DATA." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W4 (November 13, 2017): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w4-411-2017.

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LiDAR systems become more and more popular because of the potential use for obtaining the point clouds of vegetation and man-made objects on the earth surface in an accurate and quick way. Nowadays, these airborne systems have been frequently used in wide range of applications such as DEM/DSM generation, topographic mapping, object extraction, vegetation mapping, 3 dimensional (3D) modelling and simulation, change detection, engineering works, revision of maps, coastal management and bathymetry. The 3D building model generation is the one of the most prominent applications of LiDAR system, which has the major importance for urban planning, illegal construction monitoring, 3D city modelling, environmental simulation, tourism, security, telecommunication and mobile navigation etc. The manual or semi-automatic 3D building model generation is costly and very time-consuming process for these applications. Thus, an approach for automatic 3D building model generation is needed in a simple and quick way for many studies which includes building modelling. In this study, automatic 3D building models generation is aimed with airborne LiDAR data. An approach is proposed for automatic 3D building models generation including the automatic point based classification of raw LiDAR point cloud. The proposed point based classification includes the hierarchical rules, for the automatic production of 3D building models. The detailed analyses for the parameters which used in hierarchical rules have been performed to improve classification results using different test areas identified in the study area. The proposed approach have been tested in the study area which has partly open areas, forest areas and many types of the buildings, in Zekeriyakoy, Istanbul using the TerraScan module of TerraSolid. The 3D building model was generated automatically using the results of the automatic point based classification. The obtained results of this research on study area verified that automatic 3D building models can be generated successfully using raw LiDAR point cloud data.
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Pârvu, Iuliana Maria, F. Remondino, and E. Ozdemir. "LOD2 Building Generation Experiences and Comparisons." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 8, no. 2 (2018): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2018-0019.

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Abstract The VOLTA project is a RISE Marie-Curie action designed to realize Research & Innovation (R&I) among intersectoral partners to exchange knowledge, methods and workflows in the geospatial field. To accomplish its objectives, the main R&I activities of VOLTA are divided in four interlinked Work Packages with two transversal ones responsible for knowledge transfer & training as well as dissemination of the project results. The research activities and knowledge transfer are performed with a series of secondments between partners. The consortium is composed of 13 partners from academic & research institutions, industrial partners and national mapping agencies. The Romanian National Center of Cartography is part of this research project and in this article the achievements of the secondment at Bruno Kessler Foundation in Trento (Italy) are given. The main goal of the exchange was to generate level of detail - LOD2 building models in an automated manner from photogrammetric point clouds and without any ancillary data. To benchmark existing commercial solutions for the realization of LOD2 building models, we tested Building Reconstruction. This program generates LOD2 models starting from building footprints, digital terrain model (DTM) and digital surface model (DSM). The presented work examined a research and a commercial-based approach to reconstruct LOD2 building models from point clouds. The full paper will report all technical details of the work with insight analyses and comparisons.
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Asghari, Ali, Mohsen Kalantari, and Abbas Rajabifard. "Formative and Summative Validation of Building Information Model-Based Cadastral Data." Land 10, no. 8 (2021): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080822.

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Among 3D models, Building Information Models (BIM) can potentially support the integrated management of buildings’ physical and legal aspects in cadastres. However, there is not a systematic approach to author the cadastral information into the BIM models. Moreover, the common approaches for data validation only check the final cadastral output, and they ignore the data generation steps as potential avenues for validation. Therefore, this study aims to develop the criteria and standards to check the spatial consistency and integrity of BIM-based cadastral data in the process of generating the data. The paper utilises a case study approach as its methodology to investigate the requirements of generating a BIM-based cadastral model and identify the issues within the process. The results include a formative assessment (i.e., multistep validation approach during the data generation) alongside a summative assessment (i.e., one-step validation approach at the end of data generation). This study found the summative assessment alone insufficient for 3D cadastral data validation. The paper concludes that a formative and summative assessment together can improve the validity of the data. The results will potentially bring more efficiency to modern land administration processes by avoiding the accumulation of errors in 3D cadastral data generation.
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Bulgakov, Alexey, Alexey Evgenov, and Cornell Weller. "Automation of 3D Building Model Generation Using Quadrotor." Procedia Engineering 123 (2015): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.10.065.

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Gruen, A., S. Schubiger, R. Qin, et al. "SEMANTICALLY ENRICHED HIGH RESOLUTION LOD 3 BUILDING MODEL GENERATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W15 (September 23, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w15-11-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper reports about an effort to generate LoD3 models of buildings semi-automatically, with the highest possible level of automation. It is work in progress. We use multi-sensor data like aerial images from a 5-head camera with a GSD of 10 cm, UAV images, and aerial and mobile LiDAR point clouds. We distinguish two cases: LoD2 models are available and they are not. We apply Multi-Photo Geometrically Constrained Least Squares Matching for different kind of point measurements. The regularity of many building façades in Singapore leads us to the idea to generalize the measurement procedure towards using measurement macros (geometrical primitives, i.e. windows, doors, etc.) and combine reality-based with procedural modelling. In parallel we try to model these façade elements from LiDAR point cloud data. In another research line we do building detection by a novel approach to land-cover classification, incorporating features of the façades to improve the classification accuracy. To generate the semantic labels of the façades, we developed a spatially unrelated mean-shift clustering method to yield structurally confined segments. It is the characteristic of automated and even semi-automated procedures that the results need some amount of editing. We therefore work on interactive post-editing approaches on CityGML building models containing semantic information of each surface. Maintaining the semantic information throughout the editing process is essential but often lack the support from current tools. Accordingly, we implement a method to synchronize CityGML models. Overall this project consists of a great number of different algorithmic components, which can only be coarsely explained in this paper.</p>
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Nys, Gilles-Antoine, Florent Poux, and Roland Billen. "CityJSON Building Generation from Airborne LiDAR 3D Point Clouds." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9 (2020): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090521.

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The relevant insights provided by 3D City models greatly improve Smart Cities and their management policies. In the urban built environment, buildings frequently represent the most studied and modeled features. CityJSON format proposes a lightweight and developer-friendly alternative to CityGML. This paper proposes an improvement to the usability of 3D models providing an automatic generation method in CityJSON, to ensure compactness, expressivity, and interoperability. In addition to a compliance rate in excess of 92% for geometry and topology, the generated model allows the handling of contextual information, such as metadata and refined levels of details (LoD), in a built-in manner. By breaking down the building-generation process, it creates consistent building objects from the unique source of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds.
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Zhu, Guangya, Tin-Tai Chow, and Norman Tse. "Short-term load forecasting coupled with weather profile generation methodology." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 3 (2017): 310–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417740858.

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Short-term building load forecasting is indispensable in daily operation of future intelligent/green buildings, particularly in formulating system control strategies and assessing the associated environmental impacts. Most previous research works have been focused on studying the advancement in forecasting techniques, but not as much on evaluating the availability of influential factors like the predicted weather profile in the coming hours. This article proposes an improved procedure to predict the building load 24 hours ahead, together with a backup weather profile generating method. The quality of the proposed weather profile generation model and the forecasting procedures were examined through a case study of application to university academic buildings. The results showed that the load forecasting accuracy with the application of either the real weather data on record or of the predicted weather data from the profile generation model is very much similar. This indicates that the weather prediction model is suitable for applying to building load forecasting. Besides, the comparisons between different sets of input data illustrated that the forecasting accuracy can be improved through the input data filtering and regrouping procedures. Practical application: A weather profile prediction technique for use in building energy forecasting was introduced. This can be coupled to a building energy use forecasting model for predicting the hourly consumption profile of the next day. This prediction time span can be crucial for formulating the daily operation plan of the utility systems or for smart micro-grid applications. The appropriateness of the methodology was evaluated through a case study.
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Viglione, Alberto, Magdalena Rogger, Herbert Pirkl, Juraj Parajka, and Günter Blöschl. "Conceptual model building inspired by field-mapped runoff generation mechanisms." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 66, no. 3 (2018): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2018-0010.

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Abstract Since the beginning of hydrological research hydrologists have developed models that reflect their perception about how the catchments work and make use of the available information in the most efficient way. In this paper we develop hydrologic models based on field-mapped runoff generation mechanisms as identified by a geologist. For four different catchments in Austria, we identify four different lumped model structures and constrain their parameters based on the field-mapped information. In order to understand the usefulness of geologic information, we test their capability to predict river discharge in different cases: (i) without calibration and (ii) using the standard split-sample calibration/ validation procedure. All models are compared against each other. Results show that, when no calibration is involved, using the right model structure for the catchment of interest is valuable. A-priori information on model parameters does not always improve the results but allows for more realistic model parameters. When all parameters are calibrated to the discharge data, the different model structures do not matter, i.e., the differences can largely be compensated by the choice of parameters. When parameters are constrained based on field-mapped runoff generation mechanisms, the results are not better but more consistent between different calibration periods. Models selected by runoff generation mechanisms are expected to be more robust and more suitable for extrapolation to conditions outside the calibration range than models that are purely based on parameter calibration to runoff data.
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Allen, James, Ari Halberstadt, John Powers, and Nael H. El-Farra. "An Optimization-Based Supervisory Control and Coordination Approach for Solar-Load Balancing in Building Energy Management." Mathematics 8, no. 8 (2020): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8081215.

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This work considers the problem of reducing the cost of electricity to a grid-connected commercial building that integrates on-site solar energy generation, while at the same time reducing the impact of the building loads on the grid. This is achieved through local management of the building’s energy generation-load balance in an effort to increase the feasibility of wide-scale deployment and integration of solar power generation into commercial buildings. To realize this goal, a simulated building model that accounts for on-site solar energy generation, battery storage, electrical vehicle (EV) charging, controllable lighting, and air conditioning is considered, and a supervisory model predictive control (MPC) system is developed to coordinate the building’s generation, loads and storage systems. The main aim of this optimization-based approach is to find a reasonable solution that minimizes the economic cost to the electricity user, while at the same time reducing the impact of the building loads on the grid. To assess this goal, three objective functions are selected, including the peak building load, the net building energy use, and a weighted sum of both the peak load and net energy use. Based on these objective functions, three MPC systems are implemented on the simulated building under scenarios with varying degrees of weather forecasting accuracy. The peak demand, energy cost, and electricity cost are compared for various forecast scenarios for each MPC system formulation, and evaluated in relation to a rules-based control scheme. The MPC systems tested the rules-based scheme based on simulations of a month-long electricity consumption. The performance differences between the individual MPC system formulations are discussed in the context of weather forecasting accuracy, operational costs, and how these impact the potential of on-site solar generation and potential wide-spread solar penetration.
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Li, Xiao Yong, and Zhi Gang Zhang. "Generation of the 3D CAD Model of Construction Building." Advanced Materials Research 346 (September 2011): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.346.83.

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Project teams face ever increasing pressure to deliver projects as quickly as possible. To meet these demands, contractors are faced with the need to explore various construction strategies in order to meet delivery dates, and to assure themselves as to the achievability and quality of construction building. Various visual representations of construction building, i.e. 3D CAD, can assist with these tasks of identifying effective construction program. Such visual representations aid communication amongst project staff and facilitate brain-storming, and, implemented well they can provide clear, fast, and multi-dimensional feedback to the project team. In this paper, we describe aspects of our work which is directed at formulating a dynamic visualization environment that links 3D CAD. Requirements of such an environment include quickness, treating scale, working at multiple levels of detail, dealing with design variability, and realistic representation of the work. The applicability of the system is demonstrated by applying it to various examples. The results show that the system can be effectively used for generating the 3D CAD model of construction building.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Building Model Generation"

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Kulikov, Vitaliy Y. (Vitaliy Yurievich) 1981. "Building model generation project : generating a model of the MIT campus terrain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28428.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-100).<br>Possession of a complete, automatically generated and frequently updated model of the MIT campus leads the way to many valuable applications, ranging from three-dimensional navigation to virtual tours. In this thesis, we present a set of application tools for generating a properly labeled, well-structured three-dimensional model of the MIT campus terrain from a set of geographical and topographical plans. In particular, we present the Basemap Generator application capable of generating a two-dimensional model of the MIT campus by subdividing the contour map of the campus into a set of distinguishable spaces labeled with specific label types (including but not limited to grass, sidewalk, road, ramp) as necessary. We also present the Basemap Modeler application capable of transforming the two-dimensional model of the campus into 3D. Finally, we provide two auxiliary applications, the Basemap Examiner and the Building Mapper, capable of minimizing negative effects due to erroneous input data.<br>by Vitaliy Y. Kulikov.<br>M.Eng.
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Kashlev, Dmitry. "Efficient 3D building model generation from 2D floor plans." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45649.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 87).<br>3D building models are beneficial to architects, interior designers, and ordinary people in visualizing indoor space in three dimensions. 3D building models appear to be more aesthetic to ordinary people than architectural drawings. Architects can benefit from such models in detecting any inconsistencies in their designs. This thesis describes the design and implementation of an efficient 3D building model generator (3dGen) that can automatically create 3D building models from AutoCAD drawings. This thesis explains how 3dGen takes floor plan data in XML format (generated from AutoCAD drawings), extrudes the walls and vertical surfaces and adds additional 3D information to the existing floor plan. In doing so 3dGen aims to satisfy the complete watertight space and the manifold properties and attempts to minimize the amount of 3D data by eliminating redundant geometric primitives. This thesis explains the algorithms that were employed in order to generate correct surfaces with many types of portals in them and algorithms that detect inconsistencies in the 2D architectural drawings.<br>by Dmitry Kashlev.<br>M.Eng.
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Dalén, Anders. "Elastic Prices and Volatile Energy Generation : Building and evaluating a regional demand response model." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-132646.

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New possibilities are developing in the infrastructure of electrical systems to meet the new demand of more volatile power generation. This study focuses on German household reactions to price changes and their economic and renewable utilization effects.   In order to model the effects of flexible prices in the Freiamt region, the basic research – including interviews and data collecting – is carried out in the fields of economics and renewable energy. An elasticity model based on the Spees and Lave study in used to simulate consumer behaviour to changing prices.   Two pricing structures with daily and hourly changing prices are found to lower the average electrical prices in both cases. These benefits are larger overall with the hourly price changes when all other variables are kept constant. This study finds that the changes to load patterns also seem to correlate with the local renewable energy production. Results suggest that this specific form of energy generation benefits from consumer reactions to changing prices during 2007 and 2008.   In order to validate these results the model should be expanded to include a more differentiated load from different sectors and to include a wider range of the electrical prices advertised to the consumer. However, under given circumstances, this study concludes that using more renewable power generation is possible both generally with daily price changes and also more specifically with hourly changing prices at a more competitive market price.
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Song, Jing 1972. "Building robust chemical reaction mechanisms : next generation of automatic model construction software." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30058.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 308-319).<br>Building proper reaction mechanisms is crucial to model the system dynamic properties for many industrial processes with complex chemical reaction phenomena. Because of the complexity of a reaction mechanism, computer-aided reaction mechanism generation software appeared in recent years to help people efficiently build large reaction mechanisms. However, the limitations of those programs, such as not being able to model different types of reaction systems and to provide sufficiently precise thermodynamic and kinetic parameters impede their broad usage in real reaction system modeling. Targeting the drawbacks in current first-generation reaction modeling software, this thesis presents the second-generation of reaction mechanism construction software, Reaction Mechanism Generator, (RMG). In RMG, a new reaction template method is proposed to help quickly and flexibly define different types of reaction families, so that users can easily characterize any reaction system of interest without modifying the software. Furthermore, this work also presents new functional group tree approaches to construct hierarchical structured thermodynamics and kinetics databases for managing a large number of parameters, so that people are able to quickly and precisely identify better kinetics for different reactions in the same reaction family and to easily extend and update the databases with the latest research results. This new data-model dramatically improves the interface between the chemistry and computer science, removing many of the ambiguities that have plagued the field of chemical kinetics for many years, and greatly facilitating the maintenance and documentation of both the software and the databases that provide the key inputs to any chemical kinetic model.<br>(cont.) The author applied object-oriented technology and unified modeling language in system analysis, architecture design, and implementation of RMG. Therefore it is designed and developed into a robust software with good architecture and detailed documentation, so that this software can be easily maintained, reused, and extended. RMG is successfully applied to generate a reaction mechanism for n-butane low temperature oxidation, which includes a complex autoignition process. The model generated by RMG caught the fundamental phenomena of autoignition, and the predicted ignition delay time and many major products' yields are in very good agreement with experimental data. This is the first time that model generation software automatically generated such a complicated reaction mechanism without human interference, and provided precise predictions on ignition delay and major products yields consistent with experimental data.<br>by Jing Song.<br>Ph.D.
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Karlapudi, Janakiram. "Analysis on automatic generation of BEPS model from BIM model." Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A73547.

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The interlinking of enriched BIM data to Building Energy Performance Simulation (BEPS) models facilitates the data flow throughout the building life cycle. This seamless data transfer from BIM to BEPS models increases design efficiency. To investigate the interoperability between these models, this paper analyses different data transfer methodologies along with input data requirements for the simulation process. Based on the analysed knowledge, a methodology is adopted and demonstrated to identify the quality of the data transfer process. Furthermore, discussions are provided on identified efficiency gaps and future work.:Abstract Introduction and background Methodology Methodology demonstration Creation and export of BIM data Verification of OpenBIM meta-data BEPS model generation and validation Import statics Model Geometry and Orientation Construction details Thermal Profile Results and discussion Summary and future work References
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Hsiao, Chih-Pin. "Toward semantic model generation from sketch and multi-touch interactions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54237.

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Designers usually start their design process by exploring and evolving their ideas rapidly through sketching since this helps them to make numerous attempts at creating, practicing, simulating, and representing ideas. Creativity inherent in solving the ill-defined problems (Eastman, 1969) often emerges when designers explore potential solutions while sketching in the design process (Schön, 1992). When using computer programs such as CAD or Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools, designers often preplan the tasks prior to executing commands instead of engaging in the process of designing. Researchers argue that these programs force designers to focus on how to use a tool (i.e. how to execute series of commands) rather than how to explore a design, and thus hinder creativity in the early stages of the design process (Goel, 1995; Dorta, 2007). Since recent design and documentation works have been computer-generated using BIM software, transitions between ideas in sketches and those in digital CAD systems have become necessary. By employing sketch interactions, we argue that a computer system can provide a rapid, flexible, and iterative method to create 3D models with sufficient data for facilitating smooth transitions between designers’ early sketches and BIM programs. This dissertation begins by describing the modern design workflows and discussing the necessary data to be exchanged in the early stage of design. It then briefly introduces the modern cognitive theories, including embodiment (Varela, Rosch, & Thompson, 1992), situated action (Suchman, 1986), and distributed cognition (Hutchins, 1995). It continues by identifying problems in current CAD programs used in the early stage of the design process, using these theories as lenses. After reviewing modern attempts, including sketch tools and design automation tools, we describe the design and implementation of a sketch and multi-touch program, SolidSketch, to facilitate and augment our abilities to work on ill-defined problems in the early stage of design. SolidSketch is a parametric modeling program that enables users to construct 3D parametric models rapidly through sketch and multi-touch interactions. It combines the benefits of traditional design tools, such as physical models and pencil sketches (i.e. rapid, low-cost, and flexible methods), with the computational power offered by digital modeling tools, such as CAD. To close the gap between modern BIM and traditional sketch tools, the models created with SolidSketch can be read by other BIM programs. We then evaluate the programs with comparisons to the commercial CAD programs and other sketch programs. We also report a case study in which participants used the system for their design explorations. Finally, we conclude with the potential impacts of this new technology and the next steps for ultimately bringing greater computational power to the early stages of design.
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Wang, Chao. "Point clouds and thermal data fusion for automated gbXML-based building geometry model generation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54008.

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Existing residential and small commercial buildings now represent the greatest opportunity to improve building energy efficiency. Building energy simulation analysis is becoming increasingly important because the analysis results can assist the decision makers to make decisions on improving building energy efficiency and reducing environmental impacts. However, manually measuring as-is conditions of building envelops including geometry and thermal value is still a labor-intensive, costly, and slow process. Thus, the primary objective of this research was to automatically collect and extract the as-is geometry and thermal data of the building envelope components and create a gbXML-based building geometry model. In the proposed methodology, a rapid and low-cost data collection hardware system was designed by integrating 3D laser scanners and an infrared (IR) camera. Secondly, several algorithms were created to automatically recognize various components of building envelope as objects from collected raw data. The extracted 3D semantic geometric model was then automatically saved as an industry standard file format for data interoperability. The feasibility of the proposed method was validated through three case studies. The contributions of this research include 1) a customized low-cost hybrid data collection system development to fuse various data into a thermal point cloud; 2) an automatic method of extracting building envelope components and its geometry data to generate gbXML-based building geometry model. The broader impacts of this research are that it could offer a new way to collect as is building data without impeding occupants’ daily life, and provide an easier way for laypeople to understand the energy performance of their buildings via 3D thermal point cloud visualization.
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Eriksson, Rickard, and Pontus Andersson. "Thermal storage solutions for a building in a 4th generation district heating system : Development of a dynamic building model in Modelica." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-40114.

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The world is constantly striving towards a more sustainable living, where every part of contribution is greatly appreciated. When it comes to heating of buildings, district heating is often the main source of heat. During specific times, peak demands are created by the tenants who are demanding a lot of heat at the same time. This demand peak puts a high load on the piping system as well as the need for certain peak boilers that run on non-environmental friendly peak fuel. One solution that is presented in this degree project that solves the time difference between production and demand is by utilizing thermal storage solutions. A dynamic district heated building model is developed with proper heat propagation in the pipelines, thermal inertia in the building and heat losses through the walls of the building. This is all done utilizing 4th generation district heating temperatures. Modelica is the tool that was used to simulate different scenarios, where the preheating of indoor temperature is done to mitigate the possibility for demand peaks. Using an already existing model, implementation and adjustments are done to simulate thermal storage and investigate its effectiveness in a 4th generation district heating system. The results show that short-term energy storage is a viable solution in concrete buildings due to high building mass. However, combining both 4th generation district heating with storage in thermal mass is shown not to be suitable due to low temperatures of supply water, which is not able to increase the temperature of the building’s mass enough.
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Smith, Christopher Rand. "The Programmatic Generation of Discrete-Event Simulation Models from Production Tracking Data." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5829.

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Discrete-event simulation can be a useful tool in analyzing complex system dynamics in various industries. However, it is difficult for entry-level users of discrete-event simulation software to both collect the appropriate data to create a model and to actually generate the base-case simulation model. These difficulties decrease the usefulness of simulation software and limit its application in areas in which it could be potentially useful. This research proposes and evaluates a data collection and analysis methodology that would allow for the programmatic generation of simulation models using production tracking data. It uses data collected from a GPS device that follows products as they move through a system. The data is then analyzed by identifying accelerations in movement as the products travel and then using those accelerations to determine discrete events of the system. The data is also used to identify flow paths, pseudo-capacities, and to characterize the discrete events. Using the results of this analysis, it is possible to then generate a base-case discrete event simulation. The research finds that discrete event simulations can be programmatically generated within certain limitations. It was found that, within these limitations, the data collection and analysis method could be used to build and characterize a representative simulation model. A test scenario found that a model could be generated with 2.1% error on the average total throughput time of a product in the system, and less than 8% error on the average throughput time of a product through any particular process in the system. The research also found that the time to build a model under the proposed method is likely significantly less, as it took an experienced simulation modeler .4% of the time to build a simple model based off a real-world scenario programmatically than it did to build the model manually.
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Babajide, Nathaniel Akinrinde. "The electricity crisis in Nigeria : building a new future to accommodate 20% renewable electricity generation by 2030." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2017. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/7c6df776-e790-4afc-8970-3877d91a2663.

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As part of efforts to curb the protracted electricity problem in Nigeria, the government enacted the National Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Policy (NREEEP) in 2014. Through this policy, the country plans to increase its electricity generation from renewables to 20% by 2030. This thesis investigates the economic feasibility of this lofty goal, and as well determine the best hybrid configuration for off-grid rural/remote power generation across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria The economic feasibility results, using Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) tool, show that the 20% renewables goal in the Nigerian power generation mix by 2030 is economically feasible but will require vast investment, appropriate supportive mechanisms, both fiscal and non-fiscal (especially for solar PV) and unalloyed commitment on the part of the government. Moreover, the techno-economic results with Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) reveal Small hydro/Solar PV/Diesel generator/Battery design as the most cost-effective combination for power supply in remote/rural areas of Nigeria. Findings also highlight the better performance of this system in terms of fuel consumption and GHGs emission reduction. Lastly, the study identifies factors influencing RE development, and offers strategic and policy suggestions to advance RE deployment in Nigeria.
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Books on the topic "Building Model Generation"

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Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development. ACORD handbook: Community social peace, and recovery model : generating leadership for sustainable peace, and recovery among divided communities. ACORD, 2009.

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Chemodurov, Vladimir, and Ella Litvinova. Physical and mathematical modeling of building systems. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014191.

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Physical and mathematical modeling is widely used in scientific research. This is due to the fact that field experiments on real construction sites are often impossible to organize for various reasons. The material included in the textbook is a summary of the authors ' experience in the field of system analysis. In the first section, the regularities of physical modeling of the functioning of objects based on the similarity and dimension theorems are considered. The second section presents modern models and methods for choosing optimal solutions: linear, nonlinear, stochastic, and statistical. The third section deals with experimental methods of system optimization based on the theory of experimental planning. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of training 08.04.01 "Construction", and graduate students of higher educational institutions. It will be useful for specialists in the field of mathematical methods for the study of complex systems and their applications.
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Kovalenko, Vladimir. Design of information systems. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/987869.

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The tutorial discusses the design features of information systems (is) involved in the implementation of CALS technologies: MRP/MRPII/ERP systems, e-Commerce systems (B2B), supply chain management (SCM), customer relationship management (CRM), and decision support systems (OLAP). The issues of choosing the design technology, software tools for project development, building functional and information models in the environment of Business Studio, MS Visio, Elma, AllFusion Modeling Suite and Oracle Designer 10g, as well as the development of technical and operational documentation are highlighted. The characteristics of CASE technologies and their implementation in the Oracle Designer 10g environment are considered. A comparative analysis of the standards of the organization of the life cycle of creating and using IP, practical recommendations for the development of standard profiles, examples of the development of an IP project based on a cascading model of the life cycle, including using a process approach in the management and automation of processes. The models of the client — server architecture and the structure of cloud computing are considered. Modern approaches to the selection of ready-made is and their implementation in automated enterprises are studied in detail.&#x0D; Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.&#x0D; It is intended for students (bachelors and specialists) and masters of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of "Applied Informatics". It is also recommended for teachers and specialists working in the field of information technology.
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Guynes, Sean, and Dan Hassler-Forest, eds. Star Wars and the History of Transmedia Storytelling. Amsterdam University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462986213.

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Star Wars has reached more than three generations of casual and hardcore fans alike, and as a result many of the producers of franchised Star Wars texts (films, television, comics, novels, games, and more) over the past four decades have been fans-turned-creators. Yet despite its dominant cultural and industrial positions, Star Wars has rarely been the topic of sustained critical work. Star Wars and the History of Transmedia Storytelling offers a corrective to this oversight by curating essays from a wide range of interdisciplinary scholars in order to bring Star Wars and its transmedia narratives more fully into the fold of media and cultural studies. The collection places Star Wars at the center of those studies’ projects by examining video games, novels and novelizations, comics, advertising practices, television shows, franchising models, aesthetic and economic decisions, fandom and cultural responses, and other aspects of Star Wars and its world-building in their multiple contexts of production, distribution, and reception. In emphasizing that Star Wars is both a media franchise and a transmedia storyworld, Star Wars and the History of Transmedia Storytelling demonstrates the ways in which transmedia storytelling and the industrial logic of media franchising have developed in concert over the past four decades, as multinational corporations have become the central means for subsidizing, profiting from, and selling modes of immersive storyworlds to global audiences. By taking this dual approach, the book focuses on the interconnected nature of corporate production, fan consumption, and transmedia world-building. As such, this collection grapples with the historical, cultural, aesthetic, and political-economic implications of the relationship between media franchising and transmedia storytelling as they are seen at work in the world’s most profitable transmedia franchise.
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Building Health Throughout the Life Course. Concepts, Implications, and Application in Public Health. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275123027.

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Building Health Throughout the Life Course elucidates how health develops and changes throughout the life course, and how the use of the life course approach among public health practitioners can ensure that health as a human right is achieved for all individuals. It describes the life course vision of health that focuses not only on diseases and their consequences, but rather on achieving long, healthy, active, and productive lives. The book consists of three stand-alone parts. Part 1, “Concepts”, aims to illuminate the complexity of health through the understanding of the life course approach. It can be used to familiarize oneself with the evolution and meaning of the life course, which serves as a basis for effective public health practice. Part 2, “Implications”, identifies the implications for the operationalization of the life course approach in public health. It translates the technical language of the life course literature to understand how the application of the life course approach requires changes in health systems, policies, research, and practice. Part 3, “Application in Public Health”, identifies key opportunities to strengthen the adoption of the life course approach in public health practice. It describes concrete, evidence-based actions to improve health and well-being through the promotion and generation of skills throughout the life course. This book aims to help decision-makers and public health professionals to understand the life course meaning and concepts, which is essential to comprehend how health develops and changes throughout the life course. The book also describes how the life course model allows us to address health disparities by generating mechanisms to improve health and well-being by promoting the vision of health as the product of a series of experiences that contribute to or detract from health in the near and long term.
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McVey, Dominic, and Adam Crosier. Generating insight and building segmentation models in social marketing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198717690.003.0007.

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This chapter introduces the concepts of insight and segmentation and outlines their contribution to understanding audiences and targeting interventions to ensure effective social marketing. Studying the target group at the programme scoping stage develops an appreciation of the challenges they face every day. This insight and knowledge will help with understanding the audience ‘exchange’ and with building strong message propositions which will be relevant and salient to the target group. Segmentation can generate new insights into the drivers and barriers to change and help target the right groups with the most persuasive approaches. The chapter illustrates methods used for building segmentations and provides case examples.
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Ravn, Morten, Vibeke Bischoff, Anton Englert, and Søren Nielsen. Recent Advances in Post-excavation Documentation, Reconstruction, and Experimental Maritime Archaeology. Edited by Ben Ford, Donny L. Hamilton, and Alexis Catsambis. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336005.013.0010.

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This article provides a description of advances in post-excavation documentation and reconstruction. Experimental maritime archaeology is multidisciplinary by nature. The path from wreck to reconstruction begins with the documentation of hull remains and progresses to the building of a reconstruction scale model. In order to develop documentation methods that are accurate and efficient in recording artifacts objectively, the hand-drawn recording of archaeological ship timbers is being replaced by digital recording. The standards for this archaeological interpretation are defined in collaboration between those conducting the documentation and those building the reconstruction. This article describes the procedure of building a scale model and generating drawings, which helps in reconstruction of the ship. Building full-scale reconstructions is a component of the experimental analysis of archaeologically recorded shipwrecks. Sailing trials are an important component of the experimental analysis of ship-finds and are an empirical way of reconstructing the transport conditions of the past.
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Vallas, Steven P. The Puzzle of Precarity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791843.003.0011.

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Social scientific efforts to understand the political and economic forces generating precarious employment have been mired in uncertainty. In this context, the Doellgast–Lillie–Pulignano (D–L–P) model represents an important step forward in both theoretical and empirical terms. This concluding chapter scrutinizes the authors’ theoretical model and assesses the present volume’s empirical applications of it. Building on the strengths of the D–L–P model, the chapter identifies several lines of analysis that can fruitfully extend our understanding of the dynamics of precarization, whether at the micro-, meso-, or macro-social levels of analysis. Especially needed are studies that explore the dynamics of organizational fields as these shape employer strategy and state policy towards employment. Such analysis will hopefully shed light on the perils and possibilities that workers’ organizations face as they struggle to cope with the demands of neoliberal capitalism.
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Ali, Muna. Crafting an American Muslim Community. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664435.003.0006.

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Drawing on insights from the previous chapters, this chapter details the various rifts in Muslim America that cut across generational, gender, ethno-racial, and immigrant–convert categories. It argues that the narrative that calls for building a community indexes a rapprochement between the constituting groups of Muslim America. This rapprochement is taking place in and through the process of constructing a coalitional sociopolitical identity inspired by models from American society and from the Islamic concept of ummah. The chapter argues that the challenges that Muslims encounter in a post-9/11 America have acted as a catalyst for this process of coalitional community building, but it is a work in progress.
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Pohl, Walter. Social Cohesion, Breaks, and Transformations in Italy, 535–600. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777601.003.0004.

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When the Gothic War began in Italy in 535, the country still conserved many features of classical culture and late antique administration. Much of that was lost in the political upheavals of the following decades. Building on Chris Wickham’s work, this contribution sketches an integrated perspective of these changes, attempting to relate the contingency of events to the logic of long-term change, discussing political options in relation to military and economic means, and asking in what ways the erosion of consensus may be understood in a cultural and religious context. What was the role of military entrepreneurs of more or less barbarian or Roman extraction in the distribution or destruction of resources? How did Christianity contribute to the transformation of ancient society? The old model of barbarian invasions can contribute little to understanding this complex process. It is remarkable that for two generations, all political strategies in Italy ultimately failed.
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Book chapters on the topic "Building Model Generation"

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Jiménez, Álvaro, Juan M. Vara, Verónica A. Bollati, and Esperanza Marcos. "Model-Driven Development of Model Transformations Supporting Traces Generation." In Building Sustainable Information Systems. Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7540-8_18.

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Rau, Jiann-Yeou, Liang-Chien Chen, Fuan Tsai, Kuo-Hsin Hsiao, and Wei-Chen Hsu. "LOD Generation for 3D Polyhedral Building Model." In Advances in Image and Video Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11949534_5.

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Ha, Duy-Hung, and François Combes. "Building a Model of Freight Generation with a Commodity Flow Survey." In Commercial Transport. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21266-1_2.

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Butera, Federico. "The Sino-Italian Environment & Energy Building (SIEEB): A Model for a New Generation of Sustainable Buildings." In Sustainable Development and Environmental Management. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6598-9_20.

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Butera, Federico. "The Sino-Italian Environment & Energy Building (SIEEB): A Model for a New Generation of Sustainable Buildings." In Sustainable Development and Environmental Management. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8229-0_20.

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Laret, Louis. "An Attempt for an Adapted Model Generation Methodology: Example of Application in Building Energy Modelling." In Systems Analysis and Simulation II. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8936-1_82.

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Meng, Shengyu. "Exploring in the Latent Space of Design: A Method of Plausible Building Facades Images Generation, Properties Control and Model Explanation Base on StyleGAN2." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_6.

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AbstractGAN has been widely applied in the research of architectural image generation. However, the quality and controllability of generated images, and the interpretability of model are still potential to be improved. In this paper, by implementing StyleGAN2 model, plausible building façade images could be generated without conditional input. In addition, by applying GANSpace to analysis the latent space, high-level properties could be controlled for both generated images and novel images outside of training set. At last, the generating and controlling process could be visualized with image embedding and PCA projection method, which could achieve unsupervised classification of generated images, and help to understand the correlation between the images and their latent vectors.
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Xue, F., K. Chen, D. Liu, Y. Niu, and W. S. Lu. "An Optimization-Based Semantic Building Model Generation Method with a Pilot Case of a Demolished Construction." In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6190-5_22.

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Woo, Dong-Min, Seung-Soo Han, Young-Kee Jung, and Kyu-Won Lee. "Generation of 3D Building Model Using 3D Line Detection Scheme Based on Line Fitting of Elevation Data." In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2005. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11581772_49.

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Radford, Andrew. "Towards a Structure-Building Model of Acquisition." In Generative Perspectives on Language Acquisition. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.14.06rad.

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Conference papers on the topic "Building Model Generation"

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Sugihara, Kenichi. "Automatic generation of 3-D building model from divided building polygon." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Posters. ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1186954.1186958.

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Sturzenegger, David, Dimitrios Gyalistras, Vito Semeraro, Manfred Morari, and Roy S. Smith. "BRCM Matlab Toolbox: Model generation for model predictive building control." In 2014 American Control Conference - ACC 2014. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2014.6858967.

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Leal, Sergio, Stefan Hauer, Florian Judex, and Stefan Gahr. "Implementation of an automated building model generation tool." In 2014 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indin.2014.6945556.

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Kurdi, Fayez Tarsha, Mohammad Awrangjeb, and Alan Wee-Chung Liew. "Automated Building Footprint and 3D Building Model Generation from Lidar Point Cloud Data." In 2019 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dicta47822.2019.8946008.

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Haala, Norbert, Susanne Becker, and Martin Kada. "Cell Decomposition for Building Model Generation at Different Scales." In 2007 Urban Remote Sensing Joint Event. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/urs.2007.371856.

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Woo, Dong-Min. "Generation of 3D Building Model Using 3D Line Segments." In 2009 International Conference on Electronic Computer Technology, ICECT. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icect.2009.123.

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Bertram, T. T., T. T. Bock, A. G. Bulgakov, and A. A. Evgenov. "Generation the 3D Model Building by Using the Quadcopter." In 31st International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2014/0105.

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Schwerdel, Dennis, Daniel Gunther, M. Rahamatullah Khondoker, Bernd Reuther, and Paul Muller. "A building block interaction model for flexible future Internet architectures." In 2011 7th EURO-NGI Conference on Next Generation Internet Networks (NGI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ngi.2011.5985949.

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Ahmad, Anuar, and Lawali Rabiu. "Generation of three dimensional model of building using photogrammetric technique." In its Applications (CSPA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cspa.2011.5759877.

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Leppakoski, J. "Model predictive master control for supercritical units." In IET 3rd Annual Seminar on Power Generation Control. Building Flexibility & Sustainability into Plants. IEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2008.0678.

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Reports on the topic "Building Model Generation"

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Halchuk, S., T. I. Allen, J. Adams, and G. C. Rogers. Fifth generation seismic hazard model input files as proposed to produce values for the 2015 national building code of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/293907.

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Kolaj, M., S. Halchuk, J. Adams, and T. I. Allen. Sixth Generation Seismic Hazard Model of Canada: input files to produce values proposed for the 2020 National Building Code of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/327322.

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Halchuk, S., and J. Adams. Third Generation seismic hazard model for Canada: grid values of hazard used with the 1985, 1990, and 1995 National Building Codes of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305906.

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Halchuk, S. C., J. E. Adams, and T. I. Allen. Fifth generation seismic hazard model for Canada: grid values of mean hazard to be used with the 2015 National Building Code of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/297378.

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Guidati, Gianfranco, and Domenico Giardini. Joint synthesis “Geothermal Energy” of the NRP “Energy”. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp70_nrp71.2020.4.en.

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Near-to-surface geothermal energy with heat pumps is state of the art and is already widespread in Switzerland. In the future energy system, medium-deep to deep geothermal energy (1 to 6 kilometres) will, in addition, play an important role. To the forefront is the supply of heat for buildings and industrial processes. This form of geothermal energy utilisation requires a highly permeable underground area that allows a fluid – usually water – to absorb the naturally existing rock heat and then transport it to the surface. Sedimentary rocks are usually permeable by nature, whereas for granites and gneisses permeability must be artificially induced by injecting water. The heat gained in this way increases in line with the drilling depth: at a depth of 1 kilometre, the underground temperature is approximately 40°C, while at a depth of 3 kilometres it is around 100°C. To drive a steam turbine for the production of electricity, temperatures of over 100°C are required. As this requires greater depths of 3 to 6 kilometres, the risk of seismicity induced by the drilling also increases. Underground zones are also suitable for storing heat and gases, such as hydrogen or methane, and for the definitive storage of CO2. For this purpose, such zones need to fulfil similar requirements to those applicable to heat generation. In addition, however, a dense top layer is required above the reservoir so that the gas cannot escape. The joint project “Hydropower and geo-energy” of the NRP “Energy” focused on the question of where suitable ground layers can be found in Switzerland that optimally meet the requirements for the various uses. A second research priority concerned measures to reduce seismicity induced by deep drilling and the resulting damage to buildings. Models and simulations were also developed which contribute to a better understanding of the underground processes involved in the development and use of geothermal resources. In summary, the research results show that there are good conditions in Switzerland for the use of medium-deep geothermal energy (1 to 3 kilometres) – both for the building stock and for industrial processes. There are also grounds for optimism concerning the seasonal storage of heat and gases. In contrast, the potential for the definitive storage of CO2 in relevant quantities is rather limited. With respect to electricity production using deep geothermal energy (&gt; 3 kilometres), the extent to which there is potential to exploit the underground economically is still not absolutely certain. In this regard, industrially operated demonstration plants are urgently needed in order to boost acceptance among the population and investors.
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Rusk, Todd, Ryan Siegel, Linda Larsen, Tim Lindsey, and Brian Deal. Technical and Financial Feasibility Study for Installation of Solar Panels at IDOT-owned Facilities. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-024.

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The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center assessed the administrative, technical, and economic aspects of feasibility related to the procurement and installation of photovoltaic solar systems on IDOT-owned buildings and lands. To address administrative feasibility, we explored three main ways in which IDOT could procure solar projects: power purchase agreement (PPA), direct purchase, and land lease development. Of the three methods, PPA and direct purchase are most applicable for IDOT. While solar development is not free of obstacles for IDOT, it is administratively feasible, and regulatory hurdles can be adequately met given suitable planning and implementation. To evaluate IDOT assets for solar feasibility, more than 1,000 IDOT sites were screened and narrowed using spatial analytic tools. A stakeholder feedback process was used to select five case study sites that allowed for a range of solar development types, from large utility-scale projects to small rooftop systems. To evaluate financial feasibility, discussions with developers and datapoints from the literature were used to create financial models. A large solar project request by IDOT can be expected to generate considerable attention from developers and potentially attractive PPA pricing that would generate immediate cash flow savings for IDOT. Procurement partnerships with other state agencies will create opportunities for even larger projects with better pricing. However, in the near term, it may be difficult for IDOT to identify small rooftop or other small on-site solar projects that are financially feasible. This project identified two especially promising solar sites so that IDOT can evaluate other solar site development opportunities in the future. This project also developed a web-based decision-support tool so IDOT can identify potential sites and develop preliminary indications of feasibility. We recommend that IDOT begin the process of developing at least one of their large sites to support solar electric power generation.
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