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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Building technology'
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Mayon, Isaac Dompo. "Exploring Earth-Building Technology for Liberia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1896.
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This paper discusses earth as a building material and the extent to which earth building technology has evolved over the years. In particular it addresses the adobe, compressed and rammed earth techniques of earth building as suitable techniques for Liberia consumption. In addition, the paper investigates the suitability of the Latosols soils of Liberia for earth building construction purposes using standardized earth building principles and requirements. A local Johnson City, Tennessee, earth sample found to have the same physical characteristics of the Latosols of Liberia was used to simulate Liberia soils to produce specimen blocks at different configurations of moisture content and stabilizers (Bentonite and cement). Following 14 days of cure, the blocks were tested for compressive strength. It was found that blocks produced from the natural soil with no stabilizer added were structurally adequate for building construction purposes. A cost-benefit analysis involving blocks with and without stabilizer (cement) added was also performed.
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Murphree, Michael Bruce. "Building markets: The political economy of technology standards." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51821.
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This dissertation explains the causes of national differences in markets for technology. Different national approaches to intellectual property protection and use, market openness and market scope are the result of the process of creating technology standards in different countries. Technology Standards, in turn, are the product of two causal variables: the historically determined institutions of standardization - particularly the role of the state in the standardization process, and the position of a country in the fragmented global production system. The institutions of standardization determine the relative influence of different actors over standardization and market position. The position within the global economy determines these actors’ perspectives on intellectual property and market scope. Using case studies of standardization and technology market creation in the United States, Europe and China, this dissertation reveals the mechanisms by which these two variables give rise to national differences in technology markets.
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Roshani, Dilan. "Integrated collaborative building design using Internet technology." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31980/.
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Communication between the parties in a project of an integrated collaborative engineering system has been the subject of active research for many years. The construction industry has a long tradition of collaborative working between the members of the construction team. At the design stage, this has traditionally been based on physical meetings between representatives of the principal design team members. To aid these meetings, the information and communication technologies that are currently available have been used. These Information Technology (IT) tools have produced some success but are held back by the problems posed by the use of diverse software tools and the lack of effective collaboration tools. The collaboration tools are necessary to reduce the time and distance constraints, in the increasingly global design teamwork. IT-supported collaborative construction design refers to actors in product design processing, working together on the same project with IT networks used for mediation to overcome time and geographical constraints. Fragmentation of the project management of a building construction between different specialists may be necessary, but good communication and coordination among the participants is essential to accomplish the overall goals of the project. New information technologies can be helpful in this process, especially the Internet and specialised extranets. A collaborative Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) design environment has been proposed by this research to integrate the work of distributed project participants. Based on identified functional requirements, the conventional building product models have been extended to incorporate high-level concepts such as activity and organisation, which are essential for coordination and collaboration. A generic human-project-human interaction model has been developed, which could not only make the building domain models interaction-aware, but also serve as a base model for developing general interaction utilities. A collaborative design environment prototype has been described, covering the common project workspace, general interaction utilities and multi-user interfaces. This study characterises collaboration as a function of time, space and shared working environment with enabled real-time design tools over the World Wide Web (WWW). To realise the proposal of this research the inter-mediated design communication, visual presentation, integration and organisation frameworks, groupware technology, and interactive multimedia tools are used. This study presents the CODE (COllaborative Design Environment) system. This Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) virtual working space is argued to support collaboration and teamwork in real time. The evaluation of the system showed its feasibility and reliability through a workshop. The results showed that the CODE system can assist the collaborative AEC design process.
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Mellick, G. A. "A technology comparison of standby building applications." Thesis, Mellick, G.A. (2008) A technology comparison of standby building applications. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/1768/.
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Selection of a standby generation technology is dependant upon a number of factors, not least of which is cost. This dissertation focuses on a comparison of technologies for selection of standby generation in a commercial medical facility. Located in Brisbane, Australia, The Transitional Research Institute (TRI) building will require large amounts of reliable power. A number of options were reviewed in two different scales, 60kW, and 1000kW.
Conventional technologies reviewed as part of this report include:- diesel generator, gas reciprocating engine, gas turbine, gas microturbine and battery storage systems. Fuel cell technologies reviewed include: - proton exchange membrane, phosphoric acid, molten carbonate and solid oxide.
A non-financial and financial comparison of the technologies was undertaken with the outcome being fuel cells are suitable for certain applications in the 60kW range, where they can replace large battery storage systems. However, they suffer from long start up times, and therefore are better suited for distributed generation with CHP.
The conventional technology most likely chosen for the 1000kW application would either be a diesel or gas driven generator set, based upon cost and technology maturity.
Fuel cells are an alternative technology for power generation that can be suited for a number of applications; however, for the TRI project, fuel cells are not appropriate due to the high capital cost involved.
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Xiong, Liang. "Impact of Green Design and Technology on Building Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822831/.
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Currently, the public has a strong sense of the need for environment protection and the use of sustainable, or “green,” design in buildings and other civil structures. Since green design elements and technologies are different from traditional design, they probably have impacts on the building environment, such as vibration, lighting, noise, temperature, relative humidity, and overall comfort. Determining these impacts of green design on building environments is the primary objective of this study. The Zero Energy Research (ZOE) laboratory, located at the University of North Texas Discovery Park, is analyzed as a case study. Because the ZOE lab is a building that combines various green design elements and energy efficient technologies, such as solar panels, a geothermal heating system, and wind turbines, it provides an ideal case to study. Through field measurements and a questionnaire survey of regular occupants of the ZOE lab, this thesis analyzed and reported: 1) whether green design elements changed the building’s ability to meet common building environmental standards, 2) whether green design elements assisted in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) scoring, and 3) whether green design elements decreased the subjective comfort level of the occupants.
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Guiney, Andrew, and aguiney@smsmt com. "Information Technology Project Management Team Building for Project Success." RMIT University. Graduate School of Business, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20100122.121228.
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More than ninety per cent of projects are run by project teams and the stronger the team the more likely the project will succeed. Team building activities are performed to both increase team performance and to enhance the likelihood of project success. For the purpose of this study, information technology (IT) business projects were chosen as IT is a major driving force in business today and there is widespread dissatisfaction with the performance of IT business projects. In analysing the causes of dissatisfaction, increasingly researchers are recognising that technology is a secondary issue behind the human side of project team management. Business projects were chosen because increasingly IT is being used in the business environment to solve problems in the post-industrial era characterised by the service industry, while the manufacturing industry, from which much of the project literature has emerged, reduces. The importance of the project team in developing IT business projects is well recognised and managers are concerned about their ability to transform an ad-hoc collection of people assigned to a particular project into a coherent, integrated project team. In most cases the activities recommended to build a successful IT business project team have been theoretically based, rather than empirically founded. The goal of this research was to investigate the team building activities used on successful projects. To achieve this goal, the research defines the key measures of project success and establishes their relative importance; determines the most important team building activities for project success with experienced project managers; enhances the understanding of implementation of team building activities on successful projects; and provides suggestions on how to increase the likelihood of project success through focusing on team building activities. The research used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to develop a hierarchical model linking project success measures with team building activities. Confirmation of the AHP results and additional understanding of team building activities implementation was achieved by interviewing experienced project managers. The research found that customer satisfaction, although seldom used, was significantly more important as a project success measure than the three measures most often used - time, budget and scope. As identified by project managers, the most important team building activities for achieving customer satisfaction are team leadership; ensuring senior management support; staffing the team properly; planning the project with the team and empowering team members; building commitment among team members; developing strong communication channels and developing appropriate organisational interfaces. The research found successful projects focused on relationships in addition to the task focus of many project methodologies. The research findings on team building activities will enable project leaders on IT business projects to develop empowered project teams with stronger affiliations and support throughout the organisation. By empowering project teams to create effective internal and external relationships there will be fewer project failures, increased customer satisfaction and improved achievement of project success.
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Simmons, Brian Spencer. "Lowest cost building technology selection for energy efficient design." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45941.
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The thesis project explores the use of an optimization methodology for selecting the lowest monetary cost combinations of technologies to meet a set operational energy efficiency targets for buildings. The optimization approach, which is operated on a normative energy model, is compared with existing prescriptive methodologies for selecting technology combinations and a metric is developed for ranking their effectiveness; the E/C Ratio. The energy savings/ cost ratio is also the objective function that the optimization algorithm is set to maximize. The optimization routine is coded in to a custom MATLAB script and is used in two case studies to optimize a proto-typical Korean apartment and office building. The optimization methodology finds technology combinations that are much more cost effective than the prescriptive methodology at meeting an energy savings target and can generically be applied to other buildings given a palette of technology alternatives and the corresponding cost data.
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Geving, Brad David. "Enhancement of stereolithography technology to support building around inserts." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16799.
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Sun, Ming. "Technology transfer, architectural design and integrated building design systems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/368.
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This study investigates issues concerning the technology transfer from research to practice in the building industry. It is divided broadly into two parts. The first part concentrates on current problems in this transfer process. The second part explores the potential of an integrated building design system as a solution to the existing problems. It has been widely acknowledged that many research findings and proven technologies have not been fully utilised by architects in practice. A review of the current research and design practice in the building industry has revealed a number of obstacles to this transfer process. One of the major obstacles is the gap between architects' requirements in terms of technical support and the provision of existing design support systems. Based on extensive analyses, it has been concluded that an integrated approach is needed for the provision of design supports. The rapid increase in the application of computing facilities in design practice provides a promising platform for the development of a computer based Integrated Building Design System (IBDS). The main characteristics of an IBDS include (1) supporting multiple design tasks, (2) integrated and maintaining information exchange between different tasks, (3) responsive to architects' requests. A prototyping study is conducted in a wider context of a European research project, Computer Modelling in Building Industry in Europe (COMBINE). An IBDS prototype, MultiCAD, has been developed as a result, which demonstrates the concepts and feasibility of an integrated building design system in design support. It is expected that IBDS, such as MultiCAD, will play a key role in the improvement of architectural design support and hence the technology transfer in the building industry. Finally, conclusions of the study have been summarised and suggestions for future research in this area are outlined.
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Chapman, Anne. "Technology as world building : towards a new framework for the public assessment of technology." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429966.
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Antonopoulos, Chrissi Argyro. "Diffusion of Energy Efficient Technology in Commercial Buildings: An Analysis of the Commercial Building Partnerships Program." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1532.
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This study presents findings from survey and interview data investigating replication of green building measures by Commercial Building Partnership (CBP) partners that worked directly with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL partnered directly with 12 organizations on new and retrofit construction projects, which represented approximately 28 percent of the entire U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CBP program. Through a feedback survey mechanism, along with personal interviews, quantitative and qualitative data were gathered relating to replication efforts by each organization. These data were analyzed to provide insight into two primary research areas: 1) CBP partners' replication efforts of green building approaches used in the CBP project to the rest of the organization's building portfolio, and, 2) the market potential for technology diffusion into the total U.S. commercial building stock, as a direct result of the CBP program. The first area of this research focused specifically on replication efforts underway or planned by each CBP program participant. The second area of this research develops a diffusion of innovations model to analyze potential broad market impacts of the CBP program on the commercial building industry in the United States.
Findings from this study provided insight into motivations and objectives CBP partners had for program participation. Factors that impact replication include motivation, organizational structure and objectives firms have for implementation of energy efficient technologies. Comparing these factors between different CBP partners revealed patterns in motivation for constructing energy efficient buildings, along with better insight into market trends for green building practices. The optimized approach to the CBP program allows partners to develop green building parameters that fit the specific uses of their building, resulting in greater motivation for replication. In addition, the diffusion model developed for this analysis indicates that this method of market prediction may be used to adequately capture cumulative construction metrics for a whole-building analysis as opposed to individual energy efficiency measures used in green building.
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Al-Douri, M. A. "An investigation of the relationship between building materials and thermal behaviour of the traditional, modern and prefabricated buildings in Iraq with particular reference to Baghdad." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354417.
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Kelly, Nicolas James. "Towards a design environment for building-integrated energy systems : the integration of electrical power flow modelling with building simulation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366954.
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Nilsson, Henrik, and Henrik Nordlund. "Decision making when investing in sustainable technology within the building sector." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-107845.
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The housing and service sector in Sweden are estimated to be responsible for 40 % of the total primary energy usage (Energimyndigheten, 2011). There exist a lot of inventions that have the possibility to greatly improve the environmental performance of a building´s LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) (Swentec, 2012) (Rutqvist, 2008). In order to achieve implementation of new innovative sustainable installations in buildings it is important to understand the process during the investment decision. Understanding the decision making process used in practise, is the first step towards creating a strategy for how to get a new technology implemented. By conducting a survey including both contractors and developers in Sweden an overview of the building sectors standpoint on environmental sustainability is achieved. In order to refine the information and achieve a more detailed picture of the issue the survey was followed up by In-depth interviews.The findings show that valuation techniques are varying a lot between companies but surprisingly many of the companies do use inferior methods such as pay back-time for investment calculations. Overall in the construction business technical and economic risk aspects are not being valued explicitly but rather through the use of product ratings and brand promise of well-known suppliers. Negative externalities are not being included in the calculations and the valuation of intangibles is not done explicitly but rather seen as implicitly derived from the cost and value of sustainability certifications.
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Sahar, Liora. "Using remote-sensing and gis technology for automated building extraction." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37231.
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Extraction of buildings from remote sensing sources is an important GIS application and has been the subject of extensive research over the last three decades. An accurate building inventory is required for applications such as GIS database maintenance and revision; impervious surfaces mapping; storm water management; hazard mitigation and risk assessment. Despite all the progress within the fields of photogrammetry and image processing, the problem of automated feature extraction is still unresolved.
A methodology for automatic building extraction that integrates remote sensing sources and GIS data was proposed. The methodology consists of a series of image processing and spatial analysis techniques. It incorporates initial simplification procedure and multiple feature analysis components. The extraction process was implemented and tested on three distinct types of buildings including commercial, residential and high-rise. Aerial imagery and GIS data from Shelby County, Tennessee were identified for the testing and validation of the results. The contribution of each component to the overall methodology was quantitatively evaluated as relates to each type of building. The automatic process was compared to manual building extraction and provided means to alleviate the manual procedure effort.
A separate module was implemented to identify the 2D shape of a building. Indices for two specific shapes were developed based on the moment theory. The indices were tested and evaluated on multiple feature segments and proved to be successful.
The research identifies the successful building extraction scenarios as well as the challenges, difficulties and drawbacks of the process. Recommendations are provided based on the testing and evaluation for future extraction projects.
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Holmes, John Duncan. "Building worship facilities which integrate AV technology in their design." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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Squires, Jacqueline Elaine. "Designing with technology challenging the perception of the building skin /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1212027797.
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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisor: Rebecca Williamson (Advisor), George Thomas Bible (Committee Chair). Title from electronic theses title page (viewed Sept 4, 2008.). Includes abstract. Keywords. Includes bibliographical references.
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MENEZES, DAIVID ALMEIDA. "WATER MIST TECHNOLOGY: AN ALTERNATIVE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST BUILDING FIRE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30481@1.
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O presente trabalho detém como proposta apresentar uma alternativa de proteção ativa contra incêndio ao sistema convencional de chuveiros automáticos que pode ser concebido nos projetos construtivos nas edificações brasileiras que é a tecnologia de Água Nebulizada (Water Mist). A tecnologia de Water Mist apresenta-se como uma proposta alternativa já que ambos possuem utilização em comum do agente extintor Água. Nesse contexto, essa dissertação fará um estudo de caso, em um edifício comercial na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que compara o volume destinado a reserva de água para o combate a incêndio entre o Sistema de Chuveiros Automáticos (Sprinklers) e o tecnologia de Água Nebulizada (Water Mist), sendo este fator um dos aspectos de vantagens preconizados pelos fabricantes de Water Mist ao redor do mundo. O sistema de combate a incêndio existente (Sprinklers) foi projetado, admitindo-se os requisitos da legislação/código estadual vigente. A tecnologia Água Nebulizada (Water Mist) será dimensionada utilizando a Norma Americana NFPA 750 (2015), com apoio de normas técnicas e listas de especificações pelo fato da inexistência de regulamento nacional específico ou legislação/código estadual. A presente dissertação propõe divulgar a tecnologia de água nebulizada (Water Mist), discorrendo sobre as suas formas de atuação, mecanismos de extinção, apresentando-se suas peculiaridades e aplicações específicas bem como as similaridades em relação ao tradicional sistema de chuveiros automáticos e sua aplicabilidade em edificações.This work has the proposal to present an alternative to active fire protection, which can be designed in construction projects in Brazilian buildings that are fire-fighting technology with nebulized water (Water Mist). The Water Mist technology presents itself as an alternative proposal since both have joint use of water extinguishing agent. In this context, this dissertation will make a case study in a commercial building in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which compares the volume for the water reserve for fire fighting between the Sprinkler System (Sprinklers) and Water Technology nebulized (Water Mist), and this factor one aspect of advantages recommended by manufacturers of Water Mist around the world. The Fighting existing fire system (Sprinklers) was designed, assuming the requirements of the legislation / current state code. The technology water spray (Water Mist) is scaled using the American Standard NFPA 750 (2015), with the support of technical standards and specification lists because of the absence of specific national regulation or legislation / state code.
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Magie, Robert M. "Building the machine in the woods : reconciling technology and architecture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68253.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1991.Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-107).
Given the fact that, to some degree, all buildings are technological phenomena; first, how do we select the appropriate technologies for a given set of requirements; and, more importantly, how do we find architectural and landscape forms which express the pragmatic reality of the technologies as well as their temporal and symbolic implications? In so doing, are there ways in which the dynamism of the activities within the place can inform the making of the place and are reciprocal levels of information between the two possible? Can the processes of the architecture and construction of a building reflect processes within it? The position is put forward that siting and form-making decisions which integrate the technologies inherent in building construction and building operation are possible and desirable. The implications of this position promote the utilization of all parts of a building in the creation of space, light and texture. They suggest that buildings can be created that reveal the way they are built and operate without denying the technology which created them or reveling in it. They encourage that the lines between the artifact, the technology which created it and the technology which operates within it be removed to render a more comprehensive understanding of its use and making. The intention of this undertaking is to understand what roles the technologies inherent in the construction processes and building operations can play in informing and empowering the architectural and landscape decisions. Additionally, an effort will be made to understand the legacy of technology in the landscape and how this phenomena affects the resultant architecture. The vehicle for this investigation will be the design of a teaching center for ceramic, glass and sculptural arts to be located at the edge of a school campus in western Massachusetts. The center is currently being planned to allow for the expansion of other visual arts disciplines in existing facilities. The school is located along both banks of the Connecticut river where Vermont, Massachusetts and New Hampshire join together. The specific site is along a powerful stream and falls within a deep ravine at the base of the Pisgah Mountains.
Robert MacGregor Magie.
M.Arch.
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Vuppuluri, Prem Kiran. "Impact of Sustainable Cool Roof Technology on Building Energy Consumption." PDXScholar, 2014. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1530.
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Highly reflective roofing systems have been analyzed over several decades to evaluate their ability to meet sustainability goals, including reducing building energy consumption and mitigating the urban heat island. Studies have isolated and evaluated the effects of climate, surface reflectivity, and roof insulation on energy savings, thermal load mitigation and also ameliorating the urban heat island. Other sustainable roofing systems, like green-roofs and solar panels have been similarly evaluated. The motivation for the present study is twofold: the first goal is to present a method for simultaneous evaluation and inter-comparison of multiple roofing systems, and the second goal is to quantitatively evaluate the realized heating and cooling energy savings associated with a white roof system compared to the reduction in roof-top heat flux.
To address the first research goal a field experiment was conducted at the International Harvester Building located in Portland, OR. Thermal data was collected for a white roof, vegetated roof, and a solar panel shaded vegetated roof, and the heat flux through these roofing systems was compared against a control patch of conventional dark roof membrane. The second research goal was accomplished using a building energy simulation program to determine the impact of roof area and roof insulation on the savings from a white roof, in both Portland and Phoenix. The ratio of cooling energy savings to roof heat flux reduction from replacing a dark roof with a white roof was 1:4 for the month of July, and 1:5 annually in Portland. The COP of the associated chillers ranges from 2.8-4.2, indicating that the ratio of cooling energy savings to heat flux reduction is not accounted for solely by the COP of the chillers. The results of the building simulation indicate that based on energy savings alone, white roofs are not an optimal choice for Portland. The benefits associated with cooling energy savings relative to a black roof are offset by the winter-time penalty, and the net benefit from adopting white roof technology in Portland is small. That said, there are other potential benefits of white roofing such as impact on urban heat islands and roof life that must also be considered.
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SQUIRES, JACQUELINE ELAINE. "Designing with Technology: Challenging the Perception of the Building Skin." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212027797.
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Camille, Elizabeth Kate. "Online Fund Raising: Relationship Building in the Era of Technology." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1249912826.
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Stivanello, Pietro <1996>. "Co-benefits of Plus Energy Buildings: more than just energy efficiency to advocate for tomorrow's building technology." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18850.
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According to the International Energy Agency, buildings and building sector are responsible for over one-third of global final energy consumption and nearly 40% of total direct and indirect CO2 emissions.
Guided by greater awareness and new policies, the European construction sector has entered a period of transition that will lead it towards greater energy efficiency with a consequent reduction in consumption and emissions.
This is also one of the goals of Cultural-E, an EU-funded project, which aims to define modular and replicable solutions for Plus Energy Buildings (PEBs). These buildings are the next step after the n-NZEBs (near and Net Zero Energy Buildings). Starting from for climate and cultural differences analysis, the project aims to develop technologies and solution sets that are tailorable to specific contexts and energy demands. PEBs are equipped with cutting edge technologies, which cost is not only justifiable by the energy saving. Other benefits, and related monetary values, can be find in their implementation. After a careful research of the available literature, it will be addressed the definition of "co-benefit”, identifying and describing them in the context of Plus Energy Buildings. This is the first step to set a reproducible methodology suitable for co-benefits quantification, in order to give a more accurate estimation of the true potential of this type of buildings and related technologies.
The importance that the quality of the indoor environment (thermal, visual, acoustic and air quality) has for users will also be addressed, particularly during this period of global pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
The reduction of energy consumption and carbon emissions in the building sector is an important target for actions meant to mitigate the climate changes. Nevertheless, this cannot be done at the expenses of healthy and comfortable indoor conditions.
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Carruthers, Paul H. "The durability of building mortars against sulphate attack." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315682.
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Tsapos, Christos L. "Passive solar building performance : energy and social aspects." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368062.
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Gravoille, Pauline. "CASE STUDY OF ACTIVE FREE COOLING WITH THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGY." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-77778.
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May 25, 2011, Reuters’ headline read: "New York State is prepared for summerelectricity demand". The NY operator forecasts for next summer a peak of 33GW, close to therecord ever reached. With soaring cooling demands, the electricity peak load represents a substantialconcern to the energy system. In the goal of peak shaving, research on alternative solutions based onThermal Energy Storage (TES), for both cooling and heating applications, has been largely performed.This thesis addresses thermal comfort applications with use of active free cooling through implementationof latent heat based TES. Active free cooling is based on the use of the freshness of a source, the outsideair for example, to cool down buildings. This work conceptualizes the implementation of TES basedcooling system with use of Phase Change Material in an in-house-built model. The principle of PhaseChange Material, or Latent Heat TES (LHTES), lies on latent energy which is the energy required for thematerial to change phase. In order to properly size this cooling system, a multi-objective optimization isadopted. This optimization, based on minimization of multi-objective functions, led to optimal designconfigurations. In parallel, the electrical consumption of the system and the volume uptake of the systemwere also considered. Through the obtained optimization studies, we identified non-linearinterdependency between the two objective functions: the cost of the system and the acceptable remainingcooling needs. By remaining cooling needs, we mean the cooling needs that the system cannot meet. As amatter of fact, sizing the system according to these cooling needs would imply a very high cost. It wasfound that for a certain amount of remaining cooling needs, the PCM-based cooling system reveals to bean interesting solution compared to conventional air conditioning in terms of electrical consumption andoverall system cost.Best Master Thesis Award, granted by French Academic Institute
Cold Thermal Energy Storage
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Aquino, Eddie Villanueva. "PREDICTING BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE: LEVERAGING BIM CONTENT FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1077.
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Reducing and managing the environmental impacts of building structures has become a priority of building stakeholders and within the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) community; although, conflicting approaches and methods to combat the issues are present. For example, green building standards are widespread throughout the world; however each one has its own characteristics and consequently its own specific requirements. While all have proven to be effective rating systems and have similar requirements, the distinguishing characteristic that separates them is their treatment of performance and prescriptive metrics. The feature they all severely lack or currently limit is the inclusion of strict engineering evaluation through energy simulations; hence, the reason why they fail to offer procedural steps to meet performance metrics. How can design professionals design energy efficient buildings with such constraints? Fortunately, advances in technology have allowed design professionals access to content found in Building Information Modeling (BIM). However, extracting pertinent information for specific use in energy analysis is problematic because BIM software currently available is filled with interoperability issues when placed in external software for energy analysis and energy analysis software itself is created with many assumptions that affect the tabulated energy results.
This research investigates current building rating systems, determines how current professionals meet energy requirements, and prove that it is possible to create an add-on feature to Autodesk Revit that will allow design professionals to extract the needed information to meet energy goals with actual prescribed methods of mechanical systems selection and evaluation.
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Horsley, Andrew. "Better by design : integrating energy performance assessment into building design." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273253.
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Blain, Bernard Crawford. "An investigation into the training needs of building site supervisors." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/709.
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Duerr, Douglas K., and Douglas K. Duerr. "A computer tutorial as a pedagogical tool for building construction technology." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626032.
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Lau, Jasmin. "Building a national technology and innovation infrastructure for an aging society." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38566.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-192).
This thesis focuses on the potential of strategic technology innovation and implementation in sustaining an aging society, and examines the need for a comprehensive national technology and innovation infrastructure in the U.S., capable of supporting the development and use of technologies by the aging population and their caregivers. The pervasiveness of population aging makes it a primary concern for nations around the world today. As the inadequacies of existing resources become apparent, policy makers .are now turning to technology and innovation to cope with the changing demographics. 'Technological innovations to accommodate the elderly have existed since centuries ago, and they been useful in extending the human capability beyond perceived limitations of aging. However, new technologies developed with the same objectives are not widely adopted and accepted by the aging population today. The thesis is divided into two complementary sections.
(cont.) The first examines three hypotheses for the slow penetration rates of new technologies for aging: 1) Useful, affordable and usable technologies are unavailable, 2) Professional carers that can play a catalytic role between technological innovation and implementation are not technologically educated and prepared to incorporate the technologies into elderly care, and 3) The dynamics of policy formation and agenda setting are not conducive to the design and implementation of "technology for aging" policies. The second section consists of two comparative studies to highlight the gaps within the existing "technologies for aging" industry infrastructure. A study of the domestic automobile and mobile telecommunications industry provides a national perspective, whereas a study of eleven industrialized nations engaged in technological innovations for the elderly provides an international perspective. The research shows that useful, affordable and usable technologies are available, but their diffusion is hindered by inadequate human capital development and an unconducive policy formation and agenda setting climate.
(cont.) The comparative studies further illuminate existing infrastructure gaps and also provide useful frameworks to facilitate the bridging of these gaps. By facilitating the development of a robust "technology for aging" infrastructure, policy makers can help to ensure that the U.S. is ready to meet the challenges of an aging population.
by Jasmin Lau.
S.M.
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Borovoy, Richard Daniel. "Folk computing : designing technology to support face-to-face community building." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8326.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-122).
Creating common ground in a community of people who do not all know each other is a chicken-and-egg problem: members do not share enough common ground to support the kinds of conversations that help build it. "Folk Computing" technology is designed to help build community in informal, face-to-face settings by giving users a playful way of revealing shared assumptions and interests. Drawing on the communicative process of folklore, Folk Computing devices facilitate the creation, circulation and tracking of new, digital forms of lore. These digital folklore objects serve as social probes: they circulate among people with whom they resonate, thereby revealing the boundaries of groups who share the underlying beliefs, knowledge and experiences that give the lore meaning. Folk Computing uses technology to enhance the community building functions of folklore in three important ways: it supports the circulation of more interactive and media-rich lore, it reduces the social and cognitive costs of folklore creation and circulation, and it enables detailed visualizations of how pieces of lore circulate through a community. This thesis will explore the potential of Folk Computing through a design rationale for three new technologies, ranging from computationally augmented name tags used at conferences (the Thinking Tags and Meme Tags) to devices with which people can create, trade and track animations and simple games (the i-balls), used over several weeks by the population of a K-8 public school.
Richard Daniel Borovory.
Ph.D.
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Shingne, Meeta Sadanand. "Information technology and client relationship management in architecture building competitive advantage /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04082003-160100.
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Maenza, Simone Francesco. "Integration and optimization of new technology for building integrated PV systems." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3947.
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The following thesis deals with the energy production comparison between two different conversion technologies for photovoltaic systems: central-inverter conversion versus micro-inverter conversion.
After an analysis over the many energy production systems, the thesis focuses on photovoltaic energy systems.
The study of cell, module and system efficiencies will explain all causes of energy losses that can affect the photovoltaic energy generation.
The second part of the thesis is focused on the micro-inverter technology and the differences with the central-inverter systems.
Data analyses have been made on many systems in different locations (with almost the same sun radiation received), different azimuth and tilt angles, and different shading percentage.
The analyses will show how micro-inverter systems can improve energy production not only during shaded but also in not-shaded conditions.
At the end an economic comparison between the two different technologies will try to justify the use of micro-inverter systems not only for energy production efficiency but even for economic affordability.
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Tsekouras, George. "Integration, organisation and management : investigating capability building." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263212.
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Chinien, Lomadeven Viken. "Design of multiple tuned mass dampers for mitigation of wind induced vibrations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11536.
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Bermond, Raphaelle. "Role of diffusers in the acoustic design of the stage enclosure in concert halls." Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26581/.
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Previous studies on acoustic requirements for performers of classical music proved that early reflections were of critical importance for good ensemble conditions. However, strong early reflections may produce an unpleasant tone quality. Diffusers are sometimes used to reduce the negative effects caused by large specularly reflecting surfaces. The aim of the research project is to better understand what happens when diffusers are applied to the enclosure walls of a stage in a concert hall. Two aspects are examined: the changes produced to the sound field measured on the orchestra platform, and the manner in which musicians perceive diffuse early reflections in comparison with specular early reflections. Results of objective measurements show that the most noticeable property of diffusers on the early sound field is the smoothing of the impulse response. Diffusers attenuate strong early reflections. Besides, diffusers give a better sound energy distribution by providing reflections outside the specular sector: the standard deviation of several acoustic parameters is somewhat smaller with diffusers. It was found that diffusers do not eliminate comb filter effects and that they do not have a great influence on EEL, ST and clarity. The subjective aspect resulting in the greatest consensus among the subjects is the following. The overall tone quality is improved by diffusers. The overall sound quality is influenced by the amplitude of early reflections and by the reception angle of the reflections. Diffusers may also affect articulation, clarity, self and mutual hearing, but to a minor extent. Musicians' requirements regarding the fine structure of early reflections differ according to the size of the ensemble who is performing, the room volume, the power and directivity of the instruments played, and the type of music (or desired tone quality).
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Denton, Stephen Richard. "The strength of reinforced concrete slabs and the implications of limited ductility." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274164.
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Rowlinson, Stephen M. "An analysis of factors affecting project performance in industrial buildings with particular reference to design build contracts." Thesis, Brunel University, 1988. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4320.
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The problem of determining an appropriate procurement form for the management of a construction project has been surrounded by controversy and strongly held opinions. The work reported here attempts to indicate some rational basis for choice in this decision by identifying those factors which significantly affect project performance, with particular reference to the distinctions between design build and traditional procurement forms. Two basic propositions are addressed by the work. The former is that design build forms perform better than traditional forms. This view is based on the conventional, construction industry view of the factors which affect performance. The latter is that contextual factors and the management and organisation of the construction process are the major determinants of project performance. This view stems from the application of management theory to the construction process and takes into account more and diverse variables than the conventional view. The factors which affect construction project performance are identified by reviewing three basic areas which are fundamental to the research. The first is the construction process and the way it has been treated and analysed in the past, which has been based around the traditional form of organisation. The second is the perceptions held concerning the design build process and how this procurement form has developed over recent years. A taxonomy of design build organisations is presented. Finally, the literature concerning project management, in general and specifically applied to the construction process, is reviewed and those factors which have been identified as affecting project performance identified. Following on is a review of performance measures which have previously been adopted. Based on this review a number of measures are chosen to compare performance (a mixture of objective and subjective measures). The foregoing leads to the situation where two research models are proposed and tested, by the formulation of related hypotheses, in two separate phases of the research process. A sample of 47 projects was used in the initial phase of the work and this was followed up by 27 detailed case studies in the subsequent phase. The data collected are analysed using partial correlation analysis as the principal analytic tool and the main results are reported below. The primary conclusion to be drawn is that procurement form is not a good predictor of performance. In general, the management, organisation and contextual variables are found to be more strongly associated with performance. Specifically, increased client complexity and dependence are found to be associated with reduced performance, as are increased project complexity and uncertainty. Document certainty and completeness and the degree of competition in letting construction works are all factors found to affect performance. Familiarity and differentiation are organisational factors which are found to be strongly associated with performance. Finally, it is shown that different procurement forms can be located on a structure grid and that those organisations which are appropriately located are associated with higher levels of performance.
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Elvidge, M. "The plastic analysis of pitched roof steel portal frames." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374916.
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Charlesworth, Peter S. "A full-scale and model study of convective heat transfer from roof mounted flat-plate solar collectors." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1986. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5993/.
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This study is concerned with the convective heat transfer, due to the action of the wind, from the upper surface of roof mounted flat plate solar collectors. The ability to predict the quantity of heat transferred from a collector, in this manner, is necessary in order to facilitate the evaluation of the overall efficiency of a collector panel. Previous methods of determining this convection coefficient have generally relied upon extrapolations of small scale wind tunnel results to full-scale values. The validity of these methods is questionable, and it was found that there was a lack of full-scale data relating to the convection coefficient from the upper surface of a flat-plate collector. It was also found that no systematic attempt to relate model results to full scale values had been made. Full-scale experiments have been performed to evaluate the convective heat transfer coefficient, h, from the upper surface of a roof mounted flat plate. The convection coefficient was found to be dependent upon the wind speed as measured above the roof ridge line, V 6R, and to some extent upon the direction of the prevailing wind, G. Relationships between h and V 6R are presented, as are relationships between h and VH (the wind speed measured at the mid-panel height) and h and V 10 (the meteorological 10m wind speed). Small scale wind tunnel experiments were also performed. This was in order to assess the potential of using wind tunnel model results to predict accurately full-scale convective heat losses. These experiments showed some qualitative agreement with the full-scale tests. However, extrapolation of these model results to full-scale values rendered heat transfer coefficients in excess of those found in the full-scale work. Therefore the use of previously derived full-scale results from wind tunnel studies must be treated with caution. It is suggested that the full-scale results, presented here, represent a more satisfactory means of evaluating the convective heat transfer from the upper surface of roof mounted flat plate solar collectors.
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Peacock, W. S. "Site investigation procedures and risk analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315198.
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Southcombe, Colin. "An investigation into reinforced brickwork beams using Quetta bond." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2289.
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This study considered the design, development and testing of a new type of reinforced grouted cavity clay brickwork beam, the University of Plymouth Quetta Style Beam (the "Beam"). Under experimental load, the beam format results in asymmetric, non-linear, elastic bending and shear stress contours. This is contrary to beam behaviour acknowledged, in the codes, for reinforced brickwork and other structural materials. A suggested hypothesis is "evidence has been produced of excessive tensile stress beyond the steel yield stress, which may or may not be due to brick tensile strength". This hypothesis is based on a relatively small sample and upon the determination of the neutral axis depth which depends on the shape of the compressive stress diagram. It is suggested that this hypothesis is worthy of further experimental investigation and analysis. The Beam has enhanced flexural strength when compared with beams reinforced in the bed joints and with some grouted cavity reinforced brickwork beams, studied so far. Tests on and analysis of brickwork prisms showed that the Structural Code for Reinforced Masonry, BS 5628-2- 2000, recommends extremely conservative design strengths, particularly when perforated bricks are used. It is further suggested the Code does not fully recognize the potential strength of brickwork. In this study 54 beams were built; reinforced and unreinforced in shear. Every beam was replicated three times and three brick types and three different spans were used. An important aspect of the Beam is the bonding of the outer leaves of brickwork with the grouted core. Bricks in the compression zone were loaded in their weaker directions. Vertical pockets of grout, incorporated into the Beam design, allow easy provision of shear links. The bonding format and integrated system is not detrimental to the flexural resistance of the Beam but produces a compressive stress diagram, at ultimate load, which does not conform to the parabolic curve used in reinforced concrete and in symmetrically reinforced brickwork beams. This is perhaps a more realistic model for reinforced clay brickwork. Beams were analysed using elastic and limit states theories. A 30 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) showed, possibly for the first time, the complex, asymmetric, non-linear, elastic stress contours which develop in non-traditionally bonded brickwork. Equations are proposed in this study which would enable the depth of the Beam to be selected to resist an applied bending moment and also, if confirmed by further studies, a method to incorporate the excess tensile force into the analysis of the section capacities and to ascertain the neutral axis depth. The Beam was used on five construction sites on and off campus. These performed well. It was identified that: the characteristic compressive strength of non-traditionally bonded brickwork should be obtained by the use of prism tests, when an accurate economical design is required; significant loss of the potential characteristic strength of perforated and solid clay brickwork is due to the use of a bonding material whose basic strength is less than the compressive strength of the brick. A study is needed to identify an improved bonding material for an structural brickwork.
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Hardcastle, Clifford. "An information model of the construction cost estimating process." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1386.
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It is argued that a fundamental criterion which has received little consideration in the investigation of cost prediction is the impact of information upon accuracy. An information model is developed by drawing on the work of communication engineers, information scientists and psychologists. It is then demonstrated that information cannot be divorced from the knowledge of the receiver and as such it then becomes necessary to determine how knowledge is accumulated and how this then impacts upon the need and demand for information, the choice of relevant information, as well as how that information is utilised. The concept of relevance is considered from a logical and psychological perspective. On completion of this analysis the information model which links cost estimating with entropy, information and knowledge is completed. It is argued that the developed model is comprehensive and facilitates the progression of research in this field. The model is then used as a basis for the investigation of the relationship between information and expertise in estimating, choice of information for estimating, impact of information on estimating, perceptions of information quality and the perceptions of the importance of information facets and attributes to the estimating process.
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Liu, Zhijun. "Theoretical and experimental studies of heat transfer and water evaporation from building wall surfaces." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1512.
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Macleod, Kenneth David. "Numerical modelling of air pressure transients resulting from detergent dosed annular flows within building drainage systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/573.
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Bregulla, Julie. "Investigation into the fire and racking behaviour of structural sandwich panel walls : a methodology to assess load bearing sandwich panels in fire." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/807/.
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McDonach, Kenneth. "The design and implementation of a generic environmental management system." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23479.
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King, Richard Paul. "Analysis and quality monitoring of a self-pierce riveting process." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245501.
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Chen, Chia-en, and 陳家恩. "Model Construction and Adaptability Evaluationfor Taiwan Building Technology Center Building." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35191930889107549053.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
103
The secondary structure of most buildings in Taiwan is based on wet construction, which limits its construction method and structural system, making it extremely difficult for users to apply any elastic changes to the space during the building life cycle. Conversely, open buildings are equipped with the flexibility for change. As their infill have greater potentials for variation than the support, it is critical for users to precisely document every change to an open building in detail. Replacing traditional two-dimensional (2D) drawing with Building Information Modeling (BIM) integrates the information about support and infill, which does not only effectively increase the quality and efficiency of the operations management, but also reduces the consumption of building material resources. As a case study on an actual open building, the present study conducted interviews and on-site observations to compile the challenges that it faced during the design and construction process. Hopefully this information can provide reference and feedback for the design and planning of open buildings in the future. The present study illustrated the issues about the orders of respective system installation with the process of BIM construction, and clarified the differences between the operation of BIM and traditional 2D drawing. The application of collaboration platforms and co-working platforms serves to provide immediate adjustments and updates on open buildings, and assists in the management of future operation and maintenance. In addition to conducting an integrative design on the installation of systems for split-type air conditioning, geothermal air conditioning, and underfloor air distribution when the construction is completed, other fixed-type experimental hardware and equipment are continually added to the building. This includes the installation of 3-in-1 photovoltaic glass on the facade and multi-functional air purification systems; these systems will be integrated by automatic control systems in the future. Most of the details in the BIM model for constructing a whole building satisfy the criteria for LOD 500; any inconsistencies between the drawing and reality are also clarified. This model is introduced to the collaboration platform for hardware management, which provides information updates to all participating units. As most material and equipment suppliers have not yet constructed the BIM component family for their products, current designs with the model are limited to the software’s available built-in database, and may need to be expressed in representative diagrams with footnotes.