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1
Merkulov, Sergey, Natalya Polyakova, Vladimir Rimshin, Ekaterina Kuzina, and Alexey Neverov. "Construction building systems protection under emergency exposure." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913502014.
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The structural reliability of the building ensures the building safety as a whole and the safety of the population, therefore the issue of ensuring reliability arises primarily in the design process. Buildings must be protected from destruction during all types of force, as well as in the case of load-bearing structures destruction as a result of emergency. Emergency impact on an object is an unregulated impact that is created as a result of an object getting into a special situation and can lead to its accident. The causes of structures progressive collapse are considered in this article. The main methods and methods of protecting buildings from progressive destruction are given. The calculation analysis of the monolithic reinforced concrete building frame for progressive collapse according to the method of possible damage is performed. There are many calculated and constructive proposals for solving the problems of counteracting the progressive destruction that can be divided into three categories: secondary protection measures, indirect design and direct design. In this article the resulting reinforcement of structural elements is determined taking into account the structural requirements for the continuity of longitudinal reinforcement, the minimum percentage of reinforcement. They are determined in the necessary places of additional reinforcement depending on the accepted permanent (background) reinforcement of the floors.
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Sanrı Karapınar, Işıl, and Fuat Aras. "Dynamic properties of steel structures under different construction stages, ambient temperature and live load." Revista de la construcción 20, no. 1 (2021): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.20.1.163.
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Operational modal analysis (OMA), assessing the effect of environmental conditions on the structures has been attracting widespread interest and its results have been used for the validation of numerical models. This paper aims to validate the application of OMA on steel buildings to investigate their dynamic behavior during and after their construction. In this context, the construction stages of a steel building were monitored. With the completion of the construction, the dynamic tests were applied at different times to identify the changes in the modal characteristics of the building with respect to the temperature and service loads. Finally, the analytical model of the building was performed and the building’s dynamic properties were determined numerically. As a result, the experimentally obtained dynamic properties for the completed building were compared to those derived from numerical analysis. The results underlined the importance of slab construction for the formation of building behavior in the construction stages. Besides the effects of ambient temperature and service load on the dynamic properties of steel buildings were revealed. Finally, the lack of partition walls in the numerical model has been grasped as the main reason behind the differences between the experimentally and numerically obtained dynamic properties.
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Heikinheimo, Marianna. "Paimio Sanatorium under Construction." Arts 7, no. 4 (November 9, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts7040078.
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Alvar Aalto created innovative architecture in his breakthrough work, Paimio Sanatorium, located in Southwestern Finland and designed between 1928 and 1933. This empirical case study looked at the iconic piece of architecture from a new angle by implementing the actor-network theory (ANT). The focus was on how the architecture of the sanatorium came to be. A detailed description of the chronology and administration of the building process enabled observing on the role of the agency of the architect. The study surveyed the cooperation, collaboration, and decision making of the agency during the construction period. The first part of this paper focused on the relations and conditions of producing the sanatorium and analyzed the building through drawings and archive material; the second part linked to the actor-network theory of Bruno Latour and included a discussion on how Aalto managed to bring along the other actors. The study clearly showed the importance of a collaborative effort in a building project. The most special architectural solutions for Paimio Sanatorium, a demanding institutional building project, came into being in circumstances where the architect managed to create a viable network that merged collective competence with material factors.
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Wang, Guang Bin, Gui You He, and Li Bian. "Sustainable Construction Project under Lean Construction Theory." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3345.
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The construction, operation and demolition of building have tremendous impacts on the global energy and environment. However, initial construction costs are overly concerned in traditional construction projects and the economic, social and environmental impacts are neglected, which is a crucial barrier to the promotion of the sustainable construction. Through borrowing the theory from manufacturing industry, this paper analyzed the concept of lean construction, and combined the advantage of lean thinking with the sustainable development, promoting the sustainability and maximum value of construction projects besides the realization of three main objectives - the quality, schedule, cost of the construction project. Then, this article introduced the implementation of lean construction in the sustainable construction projects based on the view of transfer, flow, and value, and finally constructed the building objectives system which is composed of the minimum cost, the condensed duration, the superior quality and the sustainability of the construction.
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Jkhsi, Shahram. "Evaluation of risk and safety in building structures under construction." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Sciences and Applications 1, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47346/ijaesa.v1i4.43.
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Many of the structural defects in the past have happened during the project development process. While a structural engineer must build a safe, economic and functional structure, the durability of the partially constructed structure cannot be ignored at various construction levels. During the building, structural health is a major problem for the industry of construction. Collapses of temporary structures or unfinished permanent structures pose a hazard to safety. Predictive risk analysis methods have been applied over the past decade to evaluate the efficiency of the current existing structural building framework. Identification of risks is aimed at recognizing possible risks that can result in accidents. It describes the types of hazards and random parameters connected with the individual risks and subsequent incidents. The quantifying risk values identified with building structures built according to uniform rules are widely distributed. This study provided importance to a conversation about risk and safety in building structures under construction, to build buildings without damage and destroying, also steps of safety in building structures. The outcome of the project depends on the specifics of the prescription. Building structure safety may lead to big problems if subjected to those loads such as earthquakes and storms. A lot of structural problems happen during construction. Most failures were related to a malfunction in the formwork. This study describes how building systems can carry risks to buildings, as well as resisting the impact of loads that could cause trouble.
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POROSHINA, Svetlana S. "PERMAFROST SOILS THAWING UNDER BUILDINGS IN NORILSK." Urban construction and architecture 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2018.02.11.
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The experience of the construction of buildings on permafrost in the city of Norilsk is considered, the main methods of construction under the given conditions are indicated, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The study of the localization of deformations in the building, the nature of the deformations shows their consequences. It is revealed that the main cause of mass destruction of buildings is the fi ssion of the soil under the building. The main possible causes of this process are indicated. The economic costs associated with the elimination of the consequences of destruction caused by the ground-breaking have been analyzed, and methods for solving this problem have been proposed.
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Xue, Yun, Guo Ming Dong, and Hui Xia Wen. "Quality Control of Envelope Insulation Building under Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.78.
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China building energy-saving technology is in the early stages of the development with energy high consumption and low energy efficiency. It is especially important to control each link of the building energy-saving for energy conservation. In construction of the envelope structure exists Some prominent effects ，such as the compilation and implementation of the construction technology, the review of design alteration, the performance measurement of materials and components, and control of construction technical measures, we should be implemented related inspection and control in all stages of the implementation process.
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Zhan, Hui Ting, Hong Yuan, Jia Yu Wu, and Yu Sen Yuan. "Numerical Simulation for Surface Displacement of Shield Tunnel Construction under Building Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1350.
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The tunnel construction causes deformation, even damage of the nearby buildings and other types of structures. Using 3d finite element method can simulate the process of shield tunneling construction. The paper studies the influence of different building load on the deformation of soil, when considering different excavation steps in the process of tunnel construction. The results show that the building load has important influence on the surface displacement during the construction of tunnel. With the advancement of excavation, sedimentation tank will move forward and become larger. By the influence of jacking force, the soil and rock in front of tunnel face moves forward and upward, thus forming the surface uplift.
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Santos, Roberto S., Sunny Li Sun, and Xiaoyi Luo. "invisaWear: bridges under construction." CASE Journal 16, no. 4 (July 4, 2020): 415–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-12-2019-0127.
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Theoretical basis Forming ties with prominent partners can help convey greater status and legitimacy to the company (Hallen, 2008) and also increases the entrepreneur’s influence within their own network (Bonacich, 1987). This allows entrepreneurs to gain greater access to the information, experience or resources that the company needs. Research methodology The founders of the company provided us with access to the inner workings of the company, their mentors and advisors and themselves. The authors used archival research and interviews when preparing this case. Interviews allow for the development of uncensored, real-life insights into the entrepreneur’s business experience. The authors also interviewed two of their mentors and investors. Case overview/synopsis Having graduated from UMass Lowell with engineering degrees, co-founders Rajia Abdelaziz and Ray Hamilton build invisaWear into a venture, but they did not know much about business. With coaching from their mentors, Rajia and Ray focused on building their network to raise capital to finance the business. Despite all their hard work networking, however, they faced a hurdle. Rajia and Ray contemplated their dilemma. “Are the authors doing something wrong? What can the authors do differently to attract investors?” Complexity academic level This case is suitable for an undergraduate course in business or entrepreneurship. This case is intended to illustrate to both business and non-business students how entrepreneurs can go about building their networks to grow their businesses. Presented as a real-life example of how entrepreneurs build their networks, the case can also be used to hone in on select topics including mentoring, searching for resources and coachability.
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Tabet Aoul, Kheira Anissa, Rahma Hagi, Rahma Abdelghani, Monaya Syam, and Boshra Akhozheya. "Building Envelope Thermal Defects in Existing and Under-Construction Housing in the UAE; Infrared Thermography Diagnosis and Qualitative Impacts Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 2230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042230.
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The built environment accounts for the highest share of energy use and carbon emissions, particularly in emerging economies, caused by population growth and fast urbanization. This phenomenon is further exacerbated under extreme climatic conditions such as those of the United Arab Emirates, the context of this study, where the highest energy share is consumed in buildings, mostly used in the residential sector for cooling purposes. Despite efforts to curb energy consumption through building energy efficiency measures in new construction, substantial existing building stock and construction quality are left out. Construction defects, particularly in the building envelope, are recognized to affect its thermal integrity. This paper aims, first, to detect through thermography field investigation audit construction defects bearing thermal impacts in existing and under-construction residential buildings. Then, through a qualitative analysis, we identify the resulting energy, cost, and health impacts of the identified defects. Results indicate that lack or discontinuity of insulation, thermal bridging through building elements, blockwork defects, and design change discrepancies are the recurrent building and construction defects. The qualitative review analysis indicates substantial energy loss due to lack of insulation, thermal bridging with cost and health implications, while beneficial mitigation measures include consideration of building envelope retrofitting, skilled workmanship, and the call for quality management procedures during construction.
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Švajlenka, Jozef, and Mária Kozlovská. "The potential of timber-based buildings in terms of energy efficiency." MATEC Web of Conferences 322 (2020): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032201002.
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The topic of energy efficiency is currently under discussion. One of the areas of energy efficiency is the energy efficiency of buildings. The thermo-technical requirements for building envelope structures are gaining increasing importance due to new legislation and technical regulations regarding the reduction of heating and energy demands of buildings over time and because of continuously increasing energy prices. Building construction and the operational costs of buildings are among the largest consumers of material and energy resources and environmental pollutants. Ecological constructions are a response to the current state of the environment. A suitable solution that represents ecological construction, operation and comfortable living is the construction of low-energy and passive houses based on wood. Wood-based buildings have many benefits that are particularly timely in the context of sustainability today. The aim of this paper is to introduce selected aspects of wood-based buildings in the context of energy efficiency and thus to reduce the adverse effects of construction on the surrounding environment.
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An, Jaehong, Gyuhwan Cho, and Inhwan Yeo. "A Study on the Improvement Plan of Classification System for Beam and Slab of Fire Resistance Construction in Building's Law." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.1.203.
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To guarantee evacuation time and prevent the spread of fire and the collapse of a building on fire, the main structure is designed based on the fire resistance construction, depending on the number of stories, the purpose, and the scale of the building. Further, the fire resistance construction plan is designed using prescriptive or performance methods. Domestic laws prescribe materials and recommend certain thickness of fire resistance constructions, without considering the fire-resistant performance time. Issues such as over-design or under-design and lack of consideration of the recent technological advancements in construction materials and techniques persist, as considerable time would have elapsed since the enactment of the law. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to make improved modifications to the Building Code for Fire resistance Construction prescribed in Article 3 of the current “Rules for the Standards of Escapes/ Fire-Proof Construction of Buildings and Others.”
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Kanteraki, Alkistis E., Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos, Miltiadis Zamparas, Vasilis C. Kapsalis, Sofoklis S. Makridis, and Giouli Mihalakakou. "Investigating Thermal Performance of Residential Buildings in Marmari Region, South Evia, Greece." Challenges 11, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe11010005.
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In recent decades, the steady increase of energy consumption from building construction and operations cause atmospheric pollution and significant financial burden, mainly due to the high costs imposed from energy production. This study examines ways under which modern designs of a building can be applied on construction and domestication while following conventional methods of construction, compared to a building that has been constructed and domesticated under bioclimatic architecture. Particularly, two buildings were investigated in terms of the energy consumption incurred, being built on the same seaside area and period of construction and at adjacent plots of the same distance from sea for ease of comparison. The first building (A1) was constructed under the principles of bioclimatic architecture, being also facilitated with green and smart technologies. The second building (A2) was constructed under conventional construction techniques. The energy efficiency of both buildings was calculated by the “TEE KENAK” software, while specific parameters were recorded. Energy classifications of both buildings were valued and a proposed scenario and interventions unveiled the energy classification upgrading from A2 to A1. Our analysis revealed, as also found in the literature, that during thermal energy oscillating conditions, corresponding relative humidity stresses were observed, indicating that the vapor pressure handling should be taken into account towards comfort. The preliminary incremental cost evaluation and comparison of A1 and A2 energy upgrading under the criterion of simple payback period were critically discussed.
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KAZANKOV, Alexander P., Zinaida F. VASILCHIKOVA, and Pavel V. IGNATYEV. "EVALUATION OF INFLUENCE OF MULTISTORY BUILDING UNDER CONSTRUCTION ON EXISTING BEARING-WALL BUILDINGS." Urban construction and architecture 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2017.01.3.
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The paper presents the results of a survey of existing buildings and the construction of prefabricated houses - insert to end their mutual infl uence on each other. Based on the data of the survey the technical condition of bearing and enclosing structures of the above objects has been developed computational models to assess the actual bearing capacity of soil foundations and structural elements in areas abutt ing the neighboring buildings. According to the calculation results of the event were off ered to ensure the independent operation of neighboring objects by the apparatus of the sheet pile wall CFA piles. After these measures to prevent cross-contamination of existing and under construction panel inserts homes between them, practically stopped further growth of deposits base formation and development of cracks in the panels and supporting brick walls.
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Juravich, Tom, and Marc L. Silver. "Under Construction: Work and Alienation in the Building Trades." Social Forces 67, no. 1 (September 1988): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2579116.
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Tolbert, Pamela S., and Marc Silver. "Under Construction: Work and Alienation in the Building Trades." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 41, no. 4 (July 1988): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2523620.
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Vallas, Steven Peter, and Marc Silver. "Under Construction: Work and Alienation in the Building Trades." Contemporary Sociology 16, no. 5 (September 1987): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2069760.
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Aizenberg, G. I., and E. A. Sorochan. "Experience with building construction under existing urban development conditions." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 30, no. 4 (July 1993): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01786540.
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Skrzypek - Ahmed, Sylwia. "LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF THE BUILDING AND THE TAX OBLIGATION UNDER THE REAL ESTATE TAX." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3251.
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In practice, doubts may arise both about the issue of the tax obligation under real estate tax, as well as its expiry, especially in the situation of demolition of buildings (or sale of real estate after construction). Taxpayers point out that an object deprived of one of the constitutive elements, such as walls or roof, is not a building and should not be taxed regardless of the duration of its demolition. The majority of administrative courts take the side of taxpayers, stating, among other things, that demolition works in a building are most often stretched in time, therefore the tax obligation may be extinguished before the end of demolition due to the demolition of the building's constitutive features under the Act . Thus, the expiry of the tax obligation may be related to depriving the building of one of the external building partitions (a load-bearing wall) or the roof. It is important, therefore, that the taxpayers carrying out the demolition (in the event of a dispute with the tax authorities) can document the demolition of the roof or wall of the building, entries in the construction log, as well as evidence in the form of photographic documentation.
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Хрянина, Ольга, Ol'ga Hryanina, Елена Логинова, and Elena Loginova. "EXPEDIENCY OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE ON THE FLOOR OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING UNDER CONSTRUCTION." Construction and Architecture 7, no. 2 (February 13, 2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/article_5d4c0a3c1204c3.73611553.
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Summarized the experience of reconstruction of buildings, taking into account the superstructure. During the construction of a residential house, the possibility of adding it to another floor was investigated. A full-scale survey of the soil condition of the foundation and building structures of the constructed part of the building was carried out. Foundation soils were selected under the foundations of the building to determine the basic physicomechanical characteristics. Soil samples were tested in the laboratory of soil mechanics of the Penza GUAS. According to test data, the bearing capacity (design resistance) of the base soils was calculated. The calculation of the monolithic reinforced concrete belt. The main conclusions and recommendations are made.
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Sriravindrarajah, Rasiah, and Elizebeth Tran. "Waterproofing practices in Australia for building construction." MATEC Web of Conferences 195 (2018): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819501002.
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Waterproofing is an essential component in building construction to maintain the integrity of buildings with reduced maintenance cost. A comprehensive waterproofing system is an integrated combination of factors, and includes product selection, membrane detail, substrate preparation, design, installation and maintenance. It is designed to work under different environmental conditions, substrates and applications. Proper understanding of the issues related to waterproofing membrane systems is important to minimise the waterproofing failures in both commercial and residential buildings. This paper aims to discuss Standards and Codes; membrane systems and performance, waterproofing practices, design and installation techniques, inspection and testing and quality assurance adopted by the waterproofing industry in Australia.
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Mosey, Grant, and Brian Deal. "Optimizing Multi-Family Building Massing for Affordability and Envelope Performance: An Investigation of the Trade-Offs Implicit in Low Rise Residential Buildings." Buildings 11, no. 3 (March 6, 2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11030099.
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The United States faces twin crises of housing affordability and environmental degradation. Under these clouds, the nation is experiencing an explosive growth in new construction multi-family housing. This paper seeks to evaluate how designers might optimize the organization of such projects to minimize cost and maximize environmental performance. A method is developed for evaluating the construction costs and environmental performance of multifamily developments across four variables: building height, number of buildings, building width, and building floor area. Our analysis suggests that buildings with deeper floor plates are preferable for both economic and environmental reasons. We also suggest that taller buildings have more performative envelopes while shorter buildings are more economical to construct. Finally, we offer a method of finding a compromise between economic and environmental objectives for projects of a given square footage. Most commonly, this “compromise” takes the form of a moderate number of mid-rise buildings with deep floor plates. This investigation adds nuance to the existing literature on the effects of building shape on building cost and envelope performance. It also provides designers with a method of potentially constructing multifamily buildings in a less expensive and more environmentally conscious way.
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Hongyan, Wang, and Zhang Zihong. "Discussion on Prefabricated Concrete Structure Design Method under BIM Technology." E3S Web of Conferences 198 (2020): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019803011.
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BIM is a data tool used in various stages of design, construction and management. It can integrate different models of buildings and realize sharing and transmission during the life cycle of the project, ensuring that engineering technicians can access different building information with a correct understanding and real-time response, it lays a good foundation for different participants including design, construction and management to achieve collaborative work. It is very important whether it is to ensure production efficiency, save costs and shorten construction periods. For the newly emerging prefabricated buildings, their structural design will become more efficient, accurate and reasonable due to the introduction of BIM technology.
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Dunaevskaya, Julia, Daria Zaborova, Artemy Churakov, and Artem Korsun. "Influence of Cladding Material on the Vapor Permeability of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.529.
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The demand for town houses using the constructions of lightweight conrete is growing rapidly in recent time. One of the most common building materials for cottage construction is lightweight aggregate blocks. An important role for lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) concrete plays such a property as vapor permeability. This paper presents the results of vapor permeability test of the samples, the analysis and recommendations for construction of the building. These samples were taken from the LECA concrete blocks covered by unidentified cladding, of which one of the town houses was under construction in the North-West of Russia. An assumption has been made that the unidentified cladding may cause losses to the building’s wall enclosure.
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Imafidon, M. O., and C. P. Ogbu. "A taxonomy of building collapse causes in Lagos State Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i1.8.
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This Lagos-based study provides an unsupervised grouping of the causes of building collapse in Lagos State Nigeria using purposively obtained data from construction professionals (n=34) in the state. Hierarchical cluster analysis technique and mean scores were used for the analyses. Findings show that the causes of building collapse in Lagos State can be statistically grouped into design and construction-related, policy-related and quality-related causes. The most important causes of building collapse under each of these groups are respectively: poor maintenance culture, change of use of building and use of substandard materials in construction. Government needs to strengthen efforts at monitoring both the design and construction of buildings, starting with fine-tuning building related policies. A holistic approach should be adopted in addressing building material counterfeiting and circulation of substandard construction materials in the study area.
Keywords: Building Approval, Building Collapse, Building Failure, Cluster Analysis, Lagos State.
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Peng, Y., L. Zheng, and B. S. Ruan. "SI Residential Construction Techniques to Explore under the System." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2147.
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In this paper, combined with the results of SI building system, describes the systematic research points SI building core technology. With built-in technology as an example the construction of residential projects, built industrialized parts integrated technology systems and implementation of the project conducted a comprehensive description and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages.
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Bartolomey, Leonid, and Igor Bartolomey. "Forecast mutual influence building under construction and existing buildings in the city of Perm." PNRPU Construction and Architecture Bulletin, no. 4 (2014): 274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9826/2014.4.22.
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Wang, Shaoli, Yasir Mursalin, Gang Lin, and Conghua Lin. "Supply Chain Cost Prediction for Prefabricated Building Construction under Uncertainty." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (October 18, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4580651.
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This paper considers the problem of predicting a supply chain cost for prefabricated building construction under an uncertain situation. Based on the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) method, we establish a computational model to estimate the total cost of the prefabricated supply chain. The model can assist in not only finding the critical areas for cost reduction of the whole supply chain but also analyzing other costs of prefabricated construction projects. Furthermore, we provide a numerical example of prefabricated building construction to validate the results.
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Cheung, Sai-On, Ka-Chi Lam, Schek-Sau Wong, and Sik-Hung Wong. "The Fee Sensitive Risk Exposures of Project Authorized Person in Hong Kong." Construction Economics and Building 1, no. 2 (November 14, 2012): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v1i2.2877.
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Authorized Persons (AP) play a critical role in the design and construction of building works in Hong Kong. Under the Building Ordinance, design and construction of building works need to be coordinated and monitored by an AP registered with the Buildings Department. Professionally qualified Architects, Engineers and Surveyors are eligible to register as AP after completing the prescribed assessment. In addition, the project AP is often appointed by the project owner to be the project team leader. In these capacities, a project AP is exposed to various risks. This paper seeks to identify the fee sensitive risk exposures of project APs. Through an ANOVA study, these risks exposures are those due to liabilities under the Building Ordinance at the construction stage, those towards the third parties and the clients.
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Shamara, Yury, and Evgeny Smirnov. "Building partnering in construction under conditions of a new information space." SHS Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184400074.
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The analysis of institutional and technological prerequisites is given in this article to implement the partnering mechanism in the Russian building with respect to the declaration of the state policy for formation of the digital economy and adoption of the relevant strategy and state program. Three elements of information environment which are under formation at present and that can form a technological basis for the wide application of the mechanism of partnering in the investment and building process are identified as the reference ones: technologies for building information modeling, information analysis systems which unite various construction aspects in a single complex, and banks of regulatory documents and standard forms of contracts for use by building participants. It was concluded that the conditions for transition from the conventional models for implementation of the investment and building process to the models based on the building participants’ partnership have been created in Russia.
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Jamnický, Martin. "BIM and Prediction of Thermal Stability in Underroof Spaces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 820 (January 2016): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.820.127.
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Current increasing of costs for the acquisition of buildings causes effort to efficiently use all the space in these construction projects. The aim is therefore to make maximum use of under-roof space, both in new buildings and in buildings already standing. Because of the trend of construction with light wooden structures wrapped in thermal isolation, it is not easy to avoid summer overheating in under-roof spaces. For this reason, we’ve focused on optimizing building structures in terms of overheating in summer, so that additional costs for air conditioning were negligible or, ideally, non-existent. It is well known from our previous experience that there is smaller rise and fluctuation of indoor air temperature in rooms with heavy mass constructions (e.g. reinforced concrete, bricks, etc.) compared to rooms with light structures.
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Kudryavtsev, Sergey, Semen Bugunov, Evgeniya Pogulyaeva, Anastasiya Peters, Zhanna Kotenko, and Danil Grigor'yev. "Construction of high-rise buildings in the Far East of Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183302008.
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The construction of high-rise buildings on plate foundation in geotechnical conditions of the Russian Far East is a complicated problem. In this respect foundation engineering becomes rather essential. In order to set a firm foundation it is necessary to take into account the pressure distribution at the structure base, in homogeneity of building deformation, which is due to collaborative geotechnical calculations complicated by a number of factors: actual over-placement of soils, the complex geometry of the building under construction, spatial work of the foundation ground with consideration for physical nonlinearity, the influence of the stiffness of the superstructure (reinforced concrete framing) upon the development of foundation deformations, foundation performance (the performance of the bed plate under the building and stairwells), the origination of internal forces in the superstructure with differential settlement. The solution of spatial problems regarding the mutual interaction between buildings and foundations with account of the factors mentioned above is fully achievable via the application of numerical modeling methodology. The work makes a review of the results of high-rise plate building numerical modeling in geotechnical conditions of the Russian Far East by way of the example of Khabarovsk city.
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Gryaznova, Elena. "Ensuring safe operation of buildings and structures." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 04019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199704019.
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It is possible to ensure safety of the entire construction process as well as safe operation of buildings and structures in future by timely implementation of geotechnical monitoring. Geotechnical monitoring of buildings and structures is a complex research of “soil base – foundation – above ground structures of a building”. Geotechnical monitoring studies behaviour of buildings and structures during construction and operation and, safety measures to prevent hazardous situations in future are undertaken upon analysis of acquired results. Geotechnical monitoring comprises combination of works, including field observation for structures’ behaviour of a building under construction or renovation, its foundation, including soil body surrounding the structure under construction, and field observation for structures of surrounding buildings. Such monitoring allows us to timely detect and prevent non-reversible processes that occur in “soil base – foundation – above ground structures of a building” system. Considering task in hand to ensure safety and security of buildings and structures, list of geotechnical monitoring works can be divided into following blocks: object monitoring; hydrogeological monitoring; ecological monitoring and computational and analytical block which makes assessment of current geotechnical situation on the construction object and develops relevant recommendation for further continuation of works. This article looks into special aspects of multiyear (2005 – 2019) geotechnical monitoring for deformational behaviour of buildings under operation, open parking spaces No.1 and No.2, located in area of effect from construction of railway connecting Vnukovo-1 airport and Kievskiy train station in Moscow and in the area of effect of new Vnukovo-1 airport construction. Article looks into tasks to ensure regular operation of existing buildings and monitoring of hazardous situations and their origin caused by construction works or poor technical condition of monitored objects. Particular to renovation of Vnukovo-1 airport, that started in 2005 is the fact that during construction it was necessary to ensure operation of a number of maintained buildings. Among them are open parking spaces No.1 and No.2.
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Xu, Xing Liang, Zeng Wei Sun, and Liang Jia. "Monitoring Study of Guang'anmen Hospital Outpatient Building Foundation Pit Excavation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.88.
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Monitoring is playing an important role on the building under construction (especially in deep foundation construction phase). By professional, scientific and timely monitoring, reliable monitoring data and information on security incidents that may occur can be provided timely. In this paper, Guang'anmen Hospital outpatient building foundation pit project was analyzed. The horizontal displacement at the top of supporting structure and settlement of the surrounding buildings were discussed. The results show that the horizontal displacement and the impact on surrounding buildings is within a permissible range, which entailed the safety of the foundation pit.
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Remizov, Alexey, Aizhan Tukaziban, Zhuldyz Yelzhanova, Tokzhan Junussova, and Ferhat Karaca. "Adoption of Green Building Assessment Systems to Existing Buildings under Kazakhstani Conditions." Buildings 11, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080325.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry is an enormous economic sector with a profound economic, social, and environmental impact. The building sector is responsible for one-third of total energy consumption and, notably, construction activities account for 39% of the total carbon emissions in the world. Therefore, nowadays, the promotion of green building concepts is essential for all countries. Typically, the sustainability level of a building is evaluated by specified certification systems through rating assessment tools. The development of national assessment tools is necessary for the developing world due to environmental, social, and economic issues; consequently, a national assessment tool adopted under specific local conditions would provide a more precise assessment. This paper analyzes the rating system of BREEAM, LEED, CASBEE, and Green Globes certification systems and discusses their adoption with assessment measures for the existing buildings in Kazakhstan’s reality. The following main criteria were discussed during six roundtable sessions: sustainable site and landscape, energy and carbon footprint reduction, water and wastewater management, indoor environmental quality, sustainable building materials, commissioning, and maintenance. A set of assessment criteria and measures were suggested, and 43 existing buildings were assessed. Only eight buildings reached a high rating level. The “sustainable site and landscape” and “indoor environmental air quality” categories were the categories with the highest scores; otherwise, “energy and carbon footprint reduction” with “water and wastewater management” had the lowest average scores. One of the buildings was evaluated separately by several experts to check the consistency of the suggested assessment measures. This evaluation also provided insight into how the assessors’ knowledge and experience may change the overall rating scores obtained. The most critical issues for the existing buildings in Kazakhstan’s reality were discussed. Despite the widespread adoption of green certification methodology, the application of global certification systems in Kazakhstan remains complicated due to the lack of knowledge and limited awareness.
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Müller, Theresa, David Borschewski, Stefan Albrecht, Philip Leistner, and Moritz Späh. "The Dilemma of Balancing Design for Impact Sound with Environmental Performance in Wood Ceiling Systems—A Building Physics Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 8715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168715.
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Due to the high consumption of resources and energy in the construction sector, the development of resource-efficient and sustainable construction solutions is gaining increasing attention. The awareness of sustainability and resource conservation results in the interest of using natural and renewable materials in contemporary architecture. Timber construction methods offer both constructive and ecological potential for sustainable solutions. From a building physics perspective, the acoustic performance of lightweight buildings, such as those made of timber, presents a challenge. Even if standard requirements are met, the increased low-frequency sound transmission typical for light-weight construction can cause discomfort and is already the subject of questions in building physics, which are currently increasingly extending to timber construction. Within the framework of a holistic approach, this paper compares the problem of acoustic properties, design optimizations and the ecological properties of timber-frame and solid timber construction components. The comparison with heavy materials, such as concrete, shows the relation of acoustic optimization with the change of the environmental profile. In order to establish the interaction between acoustic quality of wooden ceiling constructions and their ecological characteristics, this article aims to demonstrate the potential of materials used in the building sector under ecological aspects considering a life cycle analysis.
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Dobszay, Gergely. "Building constructions of stone cladded roofs in contemporary architecture." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 9, no. 1 (2011): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace1101035d.
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Stone roof coverings have existed for hundreds of years now, but their application in contemporary representative architecture is quite different than it was in former times, and accordingly the underlying constructional details are much more complicated. The main role of the roof in today's architecture is to emphasize the abstract building volume and its homogeneity. The design (visual appearance) has priority over constructional considerations, while at the same time requirements for thermal insulation and the watertight buildup of the building envelope are rising. This is a big challenge for the design of the constructional details, since traditional methods do not apply anymore: almost all of the water gets under this exterior cladding where a completely waterproof underlayer is needed. Therefore a new type of constructions is borne. In this article I try to present innovative constructional alternatives for stone cladded roofs and try to define guidelines for their planning. These alternatives were created and refined based on analysis of historical and contemporary examples, the examination of the specific conditions and requirements that affect cladded roofs, their expected performance over their life-span, the difficulties that arise under construction and my work experience. I created seven groups, according to the method for fixing the individual stone elements, since this is the detail that most affects the buildup of the underlying structure. A new approach is needed with these unconventional constructions, with a much more detailed inventory of every little feature of the building in question. But since these features vary violently with the architectural conception the exact constructional solutions are usually unique as well.
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Zou, Dujian, Chengcheng Du, Tiejun Liu, Jun Teng, and Hanbin Cheng. "Time-dependent deformations of concrete columns under different construction load histories." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 8 (February 7, 2019): 1845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219828133.
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The adverse effects caused by differential axial shortening in high-rise buildings have received increasing attention with growing building height. However, the axial shortening analysis still lacks accuracy compared to the in-situ monitoring results of practical high-rise buildings during construction stage. It is imperative to identify the error sources, and the applicability of the current shortening prediction models should be test verified. In this study, 14 plain concrete columns were cast, and the multi-stage load method was applied to approximately simulate the loading history of axial concrete members during construction stage. The time-dependent deformations of loaded concrete specimens were measured, and a comparative analysis was conducted between test results and numerical prediction values. It is found that the measured deformations of multi-stage loading cases are all underestimated compared with predicted results, and this underestimation may be mainly caused by the inappropriate use of elastic modulus. It further indicates that the axial shortening analysis of high-rise buildings tends to underestimate the actual shortening value when the traditional calculation method is used. This study provides a reference for explaining the mismatch between the analytical results and the actual shortening values.
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Khalili Moghadam, N., M. R. Delavar, and P. Hanachee. "AUTOMATIC URBAN ILLEGAL BUILDING DETECTION USING MULTI-TEMPORAL SATELLITE IMAGES AND GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1-W5 (December 11, 2015): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w5-387-2015.
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With the unprecedented growth of urban population and urban development, we are faced with the growing trend of illegal building (IB) construction. Field visit, as the currently used method of IB detection, is time and man power consuming, in addition to its high cost. Therefore, an automatic IB detection is required. Acquiring multi-temporal satellite images and using image processing techniques for automatic change detection is one of the optimum methods which can be used in IB monitoring. In this research an automatic method of IB detection has been proposed. Two-temporal panchromatic satellite images of IRS-P5 of the study area in a part of Tehran, the city map and an updated spatial database of existing buildings were used to detect the suspected IBs. In the pre-processing step, the images were geometrically and radiometrically corrected. In the next step, the changed pixels were detected using K-means clustering technique because of its quickness and less user’s intervention required. Then, all the changed pixels of each building were identified and the change percentage of each building with the standard threshold of changes was compared to detect the buildings which are under construction. Finally, the IBs were detected by checking the municipality database. The unmatched constructed buildings with municipal database will be field checked to identify the IBs. The results show that out of 343 buildings appeared in the images; only 19 buildings were detected as under construction and three of them as unlicensed buildings. Furthermore, the overall accuracies of 83%, 79% and 75% were obtained for K-means change detection, detection of under construction buildings and IBs detection, respectively.
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Gorbulin, Roman P., and Anatoly I. Uvarov. "NORMALIZATION OF ACCURACY OF GEODESIC MEASUREMENTS AND CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION WORKS WHEN ESTABLISHING STEEL RESERVOIRS UNDER OIL PRODUCTS." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 25, no. 4 (2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2020-25-4-19-26.
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It is generally accepted that the accuracy of the geometric characteristics of structural elements is one of the key indicators of construction features. GOST 21778-81 states that the necessary means and principles of technological accuracy are used in the production of the design of structures. The accuracy of building elements according to geometric characteristics depends on inaccuracies in the manufacture of parts, geodetic alignment and construction works. From this it follows that the indicators for the accuracy of geometric characteristics and the reliability of building systems for the purpose are interconnected. The reliability factors of building systems for the intended purpose depend on the level of responsibility of buildings and structures. Therefore, the purpose of our work is to justify the purpose of the accuracy of geodetic works in the construction of steel tanks, taking into account the level of their responsibility. Conducting research by many authors indicate that the distribution of errors in the sizes and positions of the structure of components is subject to the normal distribution law. It is proved that elementary errors in the position of the order of components and nodes are summed up. The value of the reliability factors for the accuracy of the geometric parameters of the building structures of steel tanks is not yet sufficiently substantiated. Tolerances for geometric parameters in the construction of steel tanks are proposed to be assigned taking into account the indicators of their reliability in terms of responsibility. The substantiation of the accuracy standards (mean square deviations) for the geodetic support of the construction of steel tanks was carried out taking into account the class of construction and reliability indicators of their building structures in terms of responsibility.
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Musa, Muhamad Faiz, Mohammad Fadhil Mohammad, Rohana Mahbub, and Mohd Reeza Yusof. "Adopting Modular Construction in the Malaysian Construction Industry." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 10 (August 24, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i10.307.
Full textAbstract:
Prefabrication and offsite construction promotes sustainability in the construction environment and industry that is essential to protect ecosystems, improves air quality, reduces waste, conserves natural resources and improves water quality. This paper discusses a study on adopting modular construction through Industrialised Building System (IBS) approach in the Malaysian construction industry. The sustainability principles in offsite construction and IBS have always maintained a balance between environment and construction, improve human self-respect and encourage economic development.
Keywords: Modular Construction; Industrialised Building System (IBS); Malaysian Construction Industry; Sustainability.
eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i10.307
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Frías, Ernesto, Lucía Díaz-Vilariño, Jesús Balado, and Henrique Lorenzo. "From BIM to Scan Planning and Optimization for Construction Control." Remote Sensing 11, no. 17 (August 21, 2019): 1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11171963.
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Scan planning of buildings under construction is a key issue for an efficient assessment of work progress. This work presents an automatic method aimed to determinate the optimal scan positions and the optimal route based on the use of Building Information Models (BIM) and considering data completeness as stopping criteria. The method is considered for a Terrestrial Laser Scanner mounted on a mobile robot following a stop & go procedure. The method starts by extracting floor plans from the BIM model according to the planned construction status, and including geometry and semantics of the building elements considered for construction control. The navigable space is defined from a binary map considering a security distance to building elements. After a grid-based and a triangulation-based distribution are implemented for generating scan position candidates, a visibility analysis is carried out to determine the optimal number and position of scans. The optimal route to visit all scan positions is addressed by using a probabilistic ant colony optimization algorithm. The method has been tested in simulated and real buildings under very dissimilar conditions and structural construction elements. The two approaches for generating scan position candidates are evaluated and results show the triangulation-based distribution as the more efficient approach in terms of processing and acquisition time, especially for large-scale buildings.
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Shrestha, Jagat K., Nirajan Paudel, Bishal Koirala, Binod R. Giri, and Adarsha Lamichhane. "Impact of Revised Code NBC105 on Assessment and Design of Low Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Nepal." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 16, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v16i1.36527.
Full textAbstract:
Gorkha Earthquake in 2015 has impacted considerably in the design and construction of buildings in Nepal. Strength and Safety of life and constructions have become the prime concerns of the government and the public. Regulation is required to achieve the strength and safety in the constructions. Hence, a need for revision of building codes has been felt and Nepal Building Code, NBC105 has been revised. This paper presents the impact of the revised code on seismic load estimation for low rise reinforced concrete buildings. For the assessment of the impact linear and non- linear static and linear dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete residential buildings of two storey and four Storey has been taken subjected to Indian Standard Codes IS 1893: 2002, IS 1893:2016, Nepal Building Codes NBC 105: 1994 and NBC 105: 2020. The buildings were modeled and analyzed in SAP2000. The response of the buildings such as time period, base shear, drifts, and storey forces from the application of the four codes was compared. The comparison of the results shows that the structural response of the building under the revised NBC105:2020 is 60% to 65% higher compared to the previous code NBC105:1994.
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Ginevičius, Romualdas, and Algirdas Andruškevičius. "MODELLING MAINTENANCE COSTS OF BUILDINGS UNDER WARRANTY." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2004): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2004.9637648.
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An essential link in building construction is maintenance under warranty. It is hardly possible to predict now how the cost and time of building construction will affect maintenance costs and alternations during this period. A correlation regression analysis has shown that the higher is the cost of the project, the higher the expenses, while the longer the time of the contract, the lower the costs. The total effect of the size and time of the project on the maintenance costs is positive implying that the higher they are, the greater are the expenses. Expenses under warranty spread parabolically, i. e. they are the highest at the beginning and at the end of the considered period and the lowest in the middle of the time. The cost and duration of a building contract has no direct impact on the distribution of building maintenance costs during the period under warranty.
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Twyford, John Wilson. "Additional payments under construction contracts." Construction Management and Economics 25, no. 7 (July 2007): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01446190701429804.
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Shen, Liang Feng, Chen Bo Ma, and Xiao Lei Deng. "The Construction Enterprises Culture Building Based on Knowledge Management." Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (September 2013): 975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.975.
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In this paper, on the basis of the role of construction enterprises culture, the modern connotation of enterprises culture under the perspective of knowledge management (KM) and the each other relations of enterprises culture & KM are comprehensively discussed, and points out the existing problems of construction enterprises culture and puts forward the construction thinking under the background of KM.
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Miao, Xian Wen, and Gen Fu Yuan. "Focus on Connotation Construction Building Engineering Training Practice Base under Local Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.496.
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With the gradual expansion of the scale of higher education in our country, contradictions between quality and scale of higher education become more and more obvious. How to build a modern Engineering Training Center in application-oriented engineering colleges in order to meet the social demand for high quality talents? The authors think that we should turn to connotation construction after the construction infrastructure and hardware equipments begin to take shape. This paper makes a deep exploration and practice in the aspects of construction conception, teaching orientation, teaching system construction, students’ engineering quality and innovation ability training, and school-running characteristics etc.
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Maheri, Mahmoud R., Farzad Naeim, and Michael Mehrain. "Performance of Adobe Residential Buildings in the 2003 Bam, Iran, Earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 21, no. 1_suppl (December 2005): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2098861.
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Adobe, in the form of sun-dried bricks and clay or lime/clay mortar, has traditionally been the primary construction material in Iran. Presently, this type of construction still constitutes a notable portion of the buildings in the urban areas and a majority of the buildings in the rural areas. Performance of traditional adobe construction during numerous Iranian earthquakes has generally been poor. Low material strength, poor workmanship, lack of proper connections between building elements, and the excessive weight of the building because of thick walls and massive roofs, are but a few of the shortcomings that contributed to the general weakness of these buildings under earthquake loads. This paper examines the performance of adobe residential buildings during the Bam, Iran earthquake. The current rehabilitation trends for this type of construction in Iran are also discussed.
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Bjelic, Igor, and Emilija Nikolic. "From an element to a composition: Reconstruction of a vault of terracotta tubes from Timacum Minus, Serbia." Starinar, no. 70 (2020): 173–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta2070173b.
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The renewal of the archaeological excavations of Timacum Minus in 2019 initiated extensive analyses and an additional interpretation of the results of previous excavations of its buildings. One of the buildings outside the fortification has attracted special attention, because of both its constructive solutions and its dimensions. Although the archaeological research of ?the building with a hypocaust? has never been completed, there are enough discovered segments that indicate the applied building techniques and constructions. In addition to under-floor and wall heating systems, this building had vaults built of terracotta tubes. The rarely discovered and insufficiently documented examples of this type of vaulted structure in Roman architecture in south-eastern Europe necessitate a deeper analysis of their remains in Timacum Minus, with the aim of obtaining relevant information important not only for the reconstruction of the construction process and appearance of ?the building with a hypocaust?, but also for future architectural analyses of Roman buildings in the territory of Serbia and in the surrounding region.
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Koyankin, Alexandr, and Valeriy Mitasov. "Assessment of structural reliability of precast concrete buildings." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814301001.
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Precast housing construction is currently being under rapid development, however, reliability of building structures made from precast reinforced concrete cannot be assessed rationally due to insufficient research data on that subject. In this regard, experimental and numerical studies were conducted to assess structural reliability of precast buildings as described in the given paper. Experimental studies of full-scale and model samples were conducted; numerical studies were held based on finite element models using “Lira” software. The objects under study included fragment of flooring of a building under construction, full-size fragment of flooring, full-scale models of precast cross-beams-to-columns joints and joints between hollow-core floor slabs and precast and cast-in-place cross-beams. Conducted research enabled to perform an objective assessment of structural reliability of precast buildings.