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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Building upgrades

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Academic literature on the topic 'Building upgrades'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Building upgrades"

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Abdallah, Moatassem, Boateng Akyeampong, and Khaled El-Rayes. "Maximizing sustainability of existing buildings within limited upgrade budgets." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 9 (2018): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0346.

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Existing buildings, especially aging ones, are currently in urgent need of upgrading to improve their performance and potentially achieve green certification. Building owners often need to identify and implement building upgrades that maximize the sustainability of their buildings as well as achieve green certification programs such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). This paper presents the development of an optimization model that maximizes the number of earned LEED points for existing buildings within a specified upgrade budget. A case study of an existing building is used to demonstrate the use of the optimization model and illustrate its capabilities. This research presents new methodology for optimizing the selection of building upgrades to maximize the sustainability of existing buildings and achieve green certification within limited budgets. The present model is expected to support decision-makers, building owners and operators, building managers, and contractors to optimize the use of their upgrade budgets and maximize sustainability of their buildings.

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Kamal, M. R., M. M. Riyadh, R. Zahid, et al. "Selection of Energy Upgrades for Canadian Single-Detached Residential Households Based on Occupancy Profile." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 943, no. 1 (2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/943/1/012026.

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Abstract The use of energy efficient building systems can play a key role in reducing energy consumption and the adverse impacts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The occupancy profile of residential dwellings has a notable influence on the effectiveness of selecting appropriate energy upgrade retrofits. Building simulation models can be integrated to determine the impact of independent occupancy profile in realizing a building’s carbon mitigation target. In this paper, the most desirable energy upgrade retrofits are suggested for three different occupancy profiles by considering important economic parameters, such as the initial investment, payback period and environmental parameter such as GHG emissions. The three occupancy profiles considered were a single adult, couple without children and couple with children. For this purpose, a calibrated energy model was developed for a single-detached family household in British Columbia, Canada, which was equipped with power sensors for monitoring the real time energy data. From the calibrated energy model, three different energy upgrade retrofits (solar, window, and wall/roof insulation) were modelled for the occupancy profiles chosen and the most suitable energy upgrades were suggested. The results show that solar panels contributed the most in energy cost reduction and upgraded windows had the least GHG emission. With suitable financial initiative, the combination of all the three energy upgrades can be the best option in terms of environment and economy.

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Less, Brennan D., Núria Casquero-Modrego, and Iain S. Walker. "Home Energy Upgrades as a Pathway to Home Decarbonization in the US: A Literature Review." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155590.

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This work aims to characterize how home energy upgrade projects and programs in the US have evolved over the past decade. It also identifies what changes are needed to drive expansion of the US energy retrofit market in such a way that addresses carbon emissions from buildings, improves resilience and upgrades the housing stock. This review focuses on whole-home energy upgrades, targeting deep energy retrofit savings of >30%. The topics we cover include trends in home electrification, US and European home energy upgrade programs, energy upgrade measure costs, business economics, and health effects. Key changes in project design noted in this review include: (1) the electrification of dwellings with rapidly improving heat pump systems and low-cost solar photovoltaic technology; and (2) a shift away from high-cost building envelope strategies and towards more traditional home performance/weatherization envelope upgrades. Promising program design strategies covered include: (1) end-use electrification programs; (2) novel financing approaches; (3) the use of carbon-based program and project metrics; and (4) “one-stop shop” programs. Based on the existing market barriers, we suggest that the industry should adopt new project performance metrics. Additionally, market drivers are needed to spur widespread energy upgrades in the US housing stock. Costs must be reduced, and projects designed to appeal to homeowners and contractors.

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Felimban, Ahmed, Ulrich Knaack, and Thaleia Konstantinou. "Evaluating Savings Potentials Using Energy Retrofitting Measures for a Residential Building in Jeddah, KSA." Buildings 13, no. 7 (2023): 1645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071645.

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Residential buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) contribute to nearly half of the overall electricity consumption in the building stock, highlighting their significant role in energy consumption. While an upgraded energy code has been established and enforced for new buildings, existing buildings continue to operate at the same level of energy consumption. Therefore, there is a need for further energy upgrades in existing buildings. This study evaluates the energy savings potential of various energy retrofitting measures for a case study in Jeddah, KSA. Data from previous studies and current practices were collected and analyzed. Different energy upgrade measures, such as windows replacement, wall insulation upgrade, roof insulation upgrade, and air conditioning unit replacement, were selected and evaluated using a digital simulation tool called Design-Builder. The simulation results were compared to understand the potential percentage of energy savings. The average annual energy consumption (AAEC) was used as the primary performance indicator to compare the energy savings among the scenarios. The results demonstrate significant reductions in energy consumption for the proposed scenarios. Furthermore, the study examined the significant impact of uncertainties, specifically, the infiltration rate and AC setback temperature, on AAEC. In conclusion, the proposed scenarios have the potential to achieve substantial energy savings, ranging from 25% to 66%, depending on the number of energy retrofitting interventions employed. The findings of this study can serve as a useful reference for similar energy retrofitting projects.

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Fodje, Michel, Kiran Mundboth, Shaunivan Labiuk, et al. "Macromolecular crystallography beamlines at the Canadian Light Source: building on success." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 76, no. 7 (2020): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798320007603.

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The Canadian Macromolecular Crystallography Facility (CMCF) consists of two beamlines dedicated to macromolecular crystallography: CMCF-ID and CMCF-BM. After the first experiments were conducted in 2006, the facility has seen a sharp increase in usage and has produced a significant amount of data for the Canadian crystallographic community. Upgrades aimed at increasing throughput and flux to support the next generation of more demanding experiments are currently under way or have recently been completed. At CMCF-BM, this includes an enhanced monochromator, automounter software upgrades and a much faster detector. CMCF-ID will receive a major upgrade including a new undulator, a new monochromator and new optics to stably focus the beam onto a smaller sample size, as well as a brand-new detector.

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Brotman, Billie Ann. "The feasibility of medical office building green upgrades from an owner/lessor perspective." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 34, no. 4 (2016): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-03-2016-0017.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to exam the financial impact on the owner/lessor who is considering a partial energy upgrade to an existing medical office building. The owner who leases the building using a triple net lease does the upgrade prior to leasing the building, with the expectation of earning higher rents. How much should the owner who leases the property spend for a given rent per square foot increase? Design/methodology/approach – The empirical study highlights the impact of key financial variables on the dependent variable medical office construction spending put in place in the USA. The independent variables prime interest rate, cost of natural gas per therm and electricity cost per KWH, resale building prices are significant variables when predicting medical office construction spending. A case study using a cost-benefit model is developed. It inputs corporate income tax rates, incorporates a debt service coverage ratio, prime interest rate, analyzes investment tax credit (ITC) and rebate scenarios and varies the level of rental income and energy savings. The case study results provide insight into which factors are enabling higher net construction spending when considering a green energy retrofit project. Both the regression model and the case study model focussed on the owner of a building who rents medical office space to tenants using a triple net lease. The owner/lessor paradigm analyzes revenue enhancements, the tax implications of having these savings and benefits associated with borrowing when financing the green retrofit. The availability of low cost borrowing, increases in the ITC percent and rebates and increases in rent per square foot have an impact on potential energy upgrade spending. Findings – The empirical model finds the independent variables to be significant. Utility cost, resale value of office buildings, the prime interest rate, business bankruptcy court filings and unemployment rate fluctuations adequately explain movements in medical office building spending for the years 2000 through 2015 yielding a R2 of 73.8 percent. The feasibility case study indicates that the energy saving levels and ITCs not income tax rates are the primary drivers for a partial energy retrofit. Research limitations/implications – Market incentives are a function of the cost of energy. If the cost of energy drops, then the profit incentive to conserve energy becomes less important. The role of tax credits, rebates, property tax reductions and government directives, then become primary incentives for installing energy upgrades. The owner of an empty building assumes all of the operating costs normally paid by a tenant under a triple net lease. This possibility was not included in the replacement cost-benefit model used in this paper. Practical implications – The feasibility of doing an energy upgrade to an existing building requires that a cost-benefit analysis be undertaken. The independent variables that are significant when doing a regression model or proxies for these variables are incorporated into a present value model. The results in Table V can be used as an initial template for determining how much to spend per square foot when doing an energy upgrade. The square foot amounts can be applied to different size office buildings. The corporate income tax rate or a personal income tax rate has minimal impact on energy construction upgrade spending. Social implications – More energy efficient office buildings reduce the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. Energy efficient buildings also conserve on scarce fuel reserves. ITCs and rebates limit the role of government in directing decisions to do energy upgrades. The market mechanism to some degree can help encourage energy conservation through asset upgrades. Originality/value – The paper incorporates an empirical model which is a form of technical analysis to examine independent variables that explain medical office building spending with a case study structured on expected revenues and costs which takes a fundamental approach to understanding the relationship between the dependent variable and its independent variables. The regression model combines factors that impact the demand for energy efficient medical buildings from an owner/lessor perspective which includes resale values of existing buildings, business bankruptcy filings and unemployment rates. Supply independent variables include the prime interest rate and electricity per KWH and natural gas per therm. The regression model found these variables to be significant. The case study uses the same independent variables or close proxy variables to determine the maximum financially feasible per square foot spending that can be invested in energy upgrades.

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Morkunaite, Lina, Darius Pupeikis, Andrius Jurelionis, Paris A. Fokaides, and Agis Papadopoulos. "An Analytical Model for the Impact of Building Control and Automation Upgrade on Space Heating Energy Efficiency." Buildings 12, no. 8 (2022): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081074.

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Intelligent building management systems are proven to lead to energy savings and are an integral component of smart buildings. The procedures developed in the EN standards describe the methodology for calculating the energy savings achieved by improving the automation and control levels of separate services in building systems. However, although this method is used in practice, it is rarely applied or investigated by the research community. Typically, energy savings resulting from a single automation improvement intervention in a building heating system are observed, while the holistic view of combined automation upgrades is not considered. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the energy savings resulting from several upgrades to control levels in the heating system components of the building. In addition, this research provides a rationale for the impact of multiple automation and control options for heating systems as well as examines the difference in energy savings. Finally, an analytical model is developed and demonstrated to assess the feasibility of building automation and control upgrades, by determining the allowed investment according to a set of predefined indicators.

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Santamaria, Carlos. "Next Generation Energy Efficient Technologies: A Case Study Demonstrating Top Operational Performance." Journal of Green Building 4, no. 2 (2009): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.4.2.44.

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As owners contemplate major capital upgrades and investments into their existing chiller plants, several considerations become apparent and require a thorough appraisal. These primary considerations include: Age of existing equipment, existing load profile, utility rates, building occupancy and tenant use, property repositioning plan, lease type and the property's asset strategy, and others. In Aventine's case, the building was considered by most real estate professionals and owners as a relatively young building at 17 years old. The building and chiller plant still had a good five to seven years of serviceable life. The challenge in this particular case was to propose an upgrade justifying replacement of this still functioning chiller plant while asking for approximately $500k in capital expense funds. In addition to describing the technical features of this next-generation chiller plant system, this case study will attempt to integrate financial decision making attributes that assisted in the decision making process. The focus of this paper is to differentiate this technology and approach with major chiller plant upgrades.

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Stukalo, Sharon. "A Comparison of Seattle’s Building Tune-up Process." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 2 (2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n2p123.

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The Building Tune-up process has been in incorporated into the mindset of building owners in Seattle. Every five years this process needs to be implemented for all buildings that are over 50,000 square feet. Boulder, Colorado, and New York City, New York, have had similar programs in place longer than Seattle has had its program. There are many similarities between all three programs in regards to lowering carbon emissions through building maintenance and upgrades. Each city has specific bench marking goals as per what size of the building and when their specific tune-up should occur. There are also similar concerns from both building owners in regards to the costs of building upgrades versus the benefits that align with improved building performance. Within all three cities, tenants also share similar concerns mostly about increased rent due to having these buildings be improved. Both Boulder, Colorado, and New York City, New York, despite population size or location, have seen dramatic carbon decreases due to their tune-up policies being in effect. This gives great promise that Seattle&rsquo;s similar tune-up process will also yield positive results.

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Hornbeck, Richard, and Daniel Keniston. "Creative Destruction: Barriers to Urban Growth and the Great Boston Fire of 1872." American Economic Review 107, no. 6 (2017): 1365–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20141707.

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Urban growth requires the replacement of outdated buildings, yet growth may be restricted when landowners do not internalize positive spillover effects from their own reconstruction. The Boston Fire of 1872 created an opportunity for widespread simultaneous reconstruction, initiating a virtuous circle in which building upgrades encouraged further upgrades of nearby buildings. Land values increased substantially among burned plots and nearby unburned plots, capitalizing economic gains comparable to the prior value of burned buildings. Boston had grown rapidly prior to the Fire, but negative spillovers from outdated durable buildings had substantially constrained its growth by dampening reconstruction incentives. (JEL H76, N91, R11, R52, R58)

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Building upgrades"

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Medyn, Anthea Simone. "Improving student test scores through building upgrades effects of new buildings on 3rd grade MCAS passing rates /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/647959541/viewonline.

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Perelman, Jenna. "Increasing Energy Efficiency in Existing Residential Buildings: A Case Study of the Community Home Energy Retrofit Project (CHERP)." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/793.

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This thesis uses a case study of the Community Home Energy Retrofit Project (CHERP) and it analyzes the larger statewide effort in California to increase energy efficiency in existing residential buildings to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. CHERP’s primary strategy is to embed itself into a community, educate residents on the multiple benefits of energy efficiency, and inspire them to take energy-saving actions in their own homes. It then builds its own community by connecting like-minded individuals together and provides an opportunity for them to exercise their political agency. This thesis analyzes CHERP’s effort in the context of the political, social, and economic climate of California. It identifies three obstacles for widespread energy efficiency adoption: one, CHERP’s lack of funding to support permanent staff and pay for collateral materials; two, low access to energy efficiency measures for low-income households and renters; and three, a lack of high quality home performance contractors that perform energy efficiency upgrades utilizing a whole-house energy systems approach. The thesis concludes with five recommendations to overcome these issues.

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Kobraei, Mohsen. "Retrofitting heritage buildings for energy and seismic upgrades." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/12146.

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The application of retrofit options to existing heritage buildings has become one of the most interesting topics in construction. In Victoria, BC, Canada, only 4% of commercial or institutional heritage buildings have been upgraded to current building codes in the last 10 years. Remaining 96% buildings exist with poor energy performance characteristics and a risk to occupant safety in the event of a damaging earthquake. This study investigates the importance and benefits of simultaneous energy and seismic retrofitting of existing heritage buildings. It presents a case study for a building with identifiable heritage value, located in Victoria, BC, Canada, and analyzes five feasible options in terms of energy retrofitting and presents a solution for both seismic and energy upgrading. To this aim, the energy retrofit options are compared based on the amount of saved energy, annual heating demand and estimated costs. The seismic solution is designed based on the weakness and needs of the building, and cost-effectiveness. Finally, the best solution is selected for a building that dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. This study shows that the integration of energy and seismic retrofitting of heritage buildings provides economic benefits to owners while improving energy savings and building safety.<br>Graduate<br>2021-08-31

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CHEN, JING-TSUN, and 陳錦燦. "A study of Structural System Behavior of A seismic Upgraded School Building." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37841262894399711339.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>建築(工程)學系<br>85<br>Most of the building strengthening programs only think about if the overall strength is adequate to resist a certain acceleration without considering change of member force characteristics induced by the new structural systems. The first purpose of this thesis is to compare member force patterns before and after structural strengthening. An RC school building in Tainan was chosen as the subject of this study. RC shearwall and steel truss were added to the building as strengthening members against earthquake force. Analysis showed that shear and moment in most of the members decreased in the strengthened structure except some of the beams endured larger axial force. Detailed 3D analysis found that beams next to strengthened walls would have to resist large axial force if there''s no attached floor element to share axial force, such as floor beams next to stairwells. If there is no special strengthening strategy to account for this phenomena, premature damage could occur. Low Yield Steel (LYS) is a new product developed to provide lower yielding strength, larger ductility, and still posses the same rigidity as most of the structural steel. The second purpose of this thesis is to investigate the dynamic behavior of structures if LYS is adopted. Dynamic time history analysis is performed to study the performance of LYS truss. Analysis showed that LYS diagonal truss turned to tensile yielding if the compression member buckled. This resulted in plastic deformation of tensile members. In comparison, tensile truss member of the similar structure built with A36 steel still remained in elastic region when compression diagonal buckled. Further analysis of LYS truss of different sizes indicated that smaller dimension LYS truss absorbed more energy. However, beams in the frame experienced more plastic hinges. Therefore, conclusion can be drawn that ductile frames capable of resisting large ductility can choose smaller dimension LYS truss to obtain better energy absorption capability.

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Che, Wu Chung, and 吳宗哲. "The study of constructing quality upgrade and cost control for building rebar." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42616185544294189485.

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碩士<br>正修科技大學<br>營建工程研究所<br>102<br>The domestic buildings are in construction of reinforced concrete over 70 ~ 80% according to statistic. The structure of reinforced concrete comes from a compound of rebar and concrete, so that the control of constructing quality in building process determines future safety and endurance of the construction. In reference to rebar construction, because rebar belongs to a kind of linear steel integration in addition to high steel stiffness, a large-sized tool machine is necessary to use for rebar forming. However that causes the rebar process in site to get difficult. This condition makes working procedure failing to comply with the constructing request and regulations, therefore that results in construction quality downgrading. In order to upgrade rebar construction quality effectively, and besides let enterprises running increase profits, the purpose of this study is to meet the request from the existing concrete design standard, rebar standard drawing (Structure Engineers Association) and the constructing regulation of Public Construction Commission. The study is presented not only to satisfy rebar construction working quality, but also to reduce the cost of constructing application technique on rebar construction quality. By means of the study provides enterprises with an opportunity to make progress in constructing technique.

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Chien, Kuo-Chang, and 簡國昌. "A Study of the Key Success Factors of Building Energy Efficiency Upgrade Plan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6mx35f.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>管理學院經營管理EMBA專班<br>101<br>In recent years, the seriousness of global warming is caused by making increasingly dramatic increase in global carbon dioxide concentration and people use energy without restraint imposed. It’s mandatory to face these social issues as leading to energy depletion and greenhouse effect. There is an impact on human living environment. For the mitigation of climate change and to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions the Kyoto Protocol was implemented effective on February 16, 2005. An era is coming of carbon limits. For changing the global warming tendency among international countries ,it’s suggested that the global problems were transformed into daily life and also were converted into common cooperation of central and local government to strengthen the development of the energy-saving , carbon reduction and green building promotion programs that have been popular to pursuit in the world. This study is through depth interviews with experts, literature review and consolidation of data collection to extract key success factors of the energy services industry. The method is to use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to conduct the questionnaire interviews with the relevant experts and scholars, design and supervision units and construction vendors on building energy efficiency plan. To understand the critical success factors of the energy services industry, the decision-makers and implementers to implement strategies and guidelines to provide energy services industry based on the analysis of the impact priorities and the weight ratio of the success factors. According to the analysis of results through depth interviews with experts the key success factors of building energy efficiency enhancement plan executed are reflected into five major dimensions including customer service, policies and systems, environmental resources, energy technology and economic with finance to proceed the imitation theoretical analysis. First of all, the priority considerations are reduce the energy costs and electricity costs that are related to economic and property. Secondly, it’s policies and systems. Thirdly, it’s customer service. The fourth is energy technologies. The last is environmental resources. In view of above-mentioned dimensions manifested the major factors of the promotion of the energy services industry are still connected at the cost and policies factors that government should setup specific and clear policies and objectives. The main factors of the key success factors for the analysis of the energy services industry are to provide energy services industry how to integrate existing competitive niche and future direction of the industry. To create new opportunity of industrial development and seize the market are only relying on the relevant government energy regulations and international tendencies to build low-carbon new energy industry.

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Lima, André Carvalho. "Upgrade of an industrial building: BIM model of the as-built situation and evaluation of modifications." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/40605.

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Dissertação de mestrado integrado in Civil Engineering<br>Building stock in need for upgrading is increasing, particularly in developed countries. For that reason, the awareness of authorities and general public in regard to this problematic is rising, and relevant challenges are brought about to the Construction Industry, which has traditionally been mostly targeted in new constructions, rather than upgrading works. In parallel, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is bringing relevant changes to the operation procedures and principles of Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. This methodology consists on a comprehensive approach to projects by integrating a set of collaborative technologies and policies that will help on several concerns, particularly construction management and data assessment. In spite of the great potential of BIM, many stakeholders in the AEC industry still struggle to implement such methodology framework, and it is necessary to bring about demonstration of feasibility, highlighting the associated benefits. This need is particularly important in the emerging market of upgrading constructions, particularly in markets such as that of Portugal. Considering these facts, through BIM application in a real case study, the present work has the objective to show and explore some BIM potentialities in existing buildings. This work was done in a corporate environment, on a Portuguese construction company, owner of an unfinished existing building, where an economic viability study is being performed to its real estate promotion after its upgrading (including renovation and remodelling). These objectives were achieved through the performance of the as-built BIM model, as well as another one corresponding to the reformulation. The dissertation includes explicit reference to the difficulties and challenges along the process, as well as a critical evaluation of the benefits that can be harvested in the scope of a construction company.<br>É cada vez mais visível a necessidade de conservação do património edificado, principalmente nos países desenvolvidos. Por essa razão, nota-se uma crescente preocupação das autoridades e do público em geral, onde relevantes desafios têm sido levantados na Indústria da Construção, que tradicionalmente tem focado mais na construção de novos edifícios, e não na remodelação dos existentes. Em paralelo, o Building Information Modeling (BIM) tem demonstrado mudanças relevantes nos processos de operações da indústria da Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção (AEC). Esta metodologia consiste numa abordagem abrangente para projetos, integrando um conjunto de tecnologias e políticas colaborativas que permitem apoiar vários aspetos, particularmente a gestão do projeto de construção e o acesso aos seus dados. Apesar do grande potencial do BIM, muitas partes interessadas da AEC continuam a lutar para implementar tal metodologia de trabalho, sendo necessário a realização de demonstrações de viabilidade, destacando os benefícios associados. Esta necessidade é particularmente importante no mercado emergente da remodelação, particularmente em mercados como o atual de Portugal. Tendo por base os aspetos referidos, através da aplicação a um caso concreto de estudo, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo genérico mostrar e explorar algumas das demais potencialidades do BIM em edifícios existentes. Este trabalho foi feito em ambiente empresarial, numa construtora Portuguesa, que possui um edifício existente inacabado, onde existe um estudo de viabilidade económico para promoção imobiliária após a sua alteração (incluindo renovação e remodelação). Esses objetivos serão adquiridos através da realização do modelo BIM como construído bem como outro correspondente à sua reformulação. Esta dissertação inclui referências explícitas às dificuldades e desafios sentidos durante o processo, bem como uma avaliação crítica dos benefícios que podem ser colhidos no âmbito de uma empresa de construção.

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HUANG, Hsi-Hsiung, and 黃錫雄. "A Study on the Assessment of the Feasibility to Upgraded Green Building Badge for Public Construction - Illustrated by the Cases of Taitung and Chishang Railway Stations in Taiwan Station." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ythz8j.

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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>土木工程系所<br>106<br>Taiwan’s public works have to meet the criteria of green building badge and then obtain building license. There were nine major green building assessment indexes for the Manual of 2014 in Taiwan, and applied it to issue the grades included: Qualified, Copper, Silver, Golden and Diamond.This study is aimed at the comparison and analysis for two distinct Railway Stations of Eastern Taiwan as Taitung and Chishang, how to be issued: qualified and copper grades of green building badge, respectively. The results had shown, both Taitung and Chishang railway stations with vegetation quantity, water saving and water conservation indexes were in a lower tendency, and to increase the vegetation cover and space were beneficial for improving score of green building indicators. The normally saving energy was a threshold indicator that must through certification, included three energy-saving assessments as construction shell, air conditioning system and lighting system. Since the threshold indicator could result indexes were in a higher tendency. The public works for railway station had promoted the nine major green building assessment indexes that should start first focus on the vegetation space and daily saving energy practice, and the more grade of green building badge could be achieved.

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Books on the topic "Building upgrades"

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Berto, Raul, Paolo Rosato, and Carlo Antonio Stival. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80173-1.

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Associates, Moffat Kinoshita. Sigmund Samuel Canadiana Building, Royal Ontario Museum: Exploratory study to upgrade the Sigmund Samuel Canadiana Building. Moffat Kinoshita Associates, 1988.

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Venture, SAC Joint, United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Structural Engineers Association of California, Applied Technology Council, and California Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, eds. Recommended seismic evaluation and upgrade criteria for existing welded steel moment-frame buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2000.

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Hastings College of the Law. Hastings College of the Law parking garage and residential upgrade: Draft environmental impact report. The College, 2002.

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Lampropoulos, Andreas, ed. Case Studies on Conservation and Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting of Existing Structures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs002.

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<p>Recent earthquakes have demonstrated that despite the continuous developments of novel materials and new strengthening techniques, the majority of the existing structures are still unprotected and at high seismic risk. The repair and strengthening framework is a complex process and there are often barriers in the preventative upgrade of the existing structures related to the cost of the applications and the limited expertise of the engineers. The engineers need to consider various options thoroughly and the selection of the appropriate strategy is a crucial parameter for the success of these applications.</p><p>The main aim of this collection is to present a number of different approaches applied to a wide range of structures with different characteristics and demands acting as a practical guide for the main repair and strengthening approaches used worldwide. This document contains a collection of nine case studies from six different countries with different seismicity (i.e. Austria, Greece, Italy, Mexico, Nepal and New Zealand). Various types of structures have been selected with different structural peculiarities such as buildings used for different purposes (i.e. school buildings, town hall, 30 storey office tower), a bridge, and a wharf. Most of the examined structures are Reinforced Concrete structures while there is also an application on a Masonry building. For each of the examined studies, the local conditions are described followed by the main deficiencies which are addressed. The methods used for the assessment of the in-situ conditions also presented and alternative strategies for the repair and strengthening are considered.</p>

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Inc, TAMS Consultants, and Connecticut. Dept. of Transportation., eds. Historic structures report, New Canaan Railroad Station: Rail facility upgrade, Americans with Diabilities Act, project no. 300-001. TAMS Consultants, 1995.

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Inc, Baker Engineering NY. Historic structures report, including historic paint analysis: Darien Railroad Station ; upgrade seven railroad stations, New Haven Line, CT project no. 300-0035 ; prepared for Connecticut Department of Transportation. Baker Engineering, 1999.

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Apostolidi, Eftychia, Stephanos Dritsos, Christos Giarlelis, et al. Seismic Isolation and Response Control. Edited by Andreas Lampropoulos. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed019.

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<p>The seismic resilience of new and existing structures is a key priority for the protection of human lives and the reduction of economic losses in earthquake prone areas. The modern seismic codes have focused on the upgrade of the structural performance of the new and existing structures. However, in many cases it is preferrable to mitigate the effects of the earthquakes by reducing the induced loads in the structures using seismic isolation and response control devices. The limited expertise in the selection and design of the appropriate system for new and existing structures is the main challenge for an extensive use of seismic isolation and response control systems in practice.</p> <p>This document aims to provide a practical guide by presenting a collection of the most commonly used seismic isolation and response control systems and a critical evaluation of the main characteristics of these systems. Comparisons of the key parameters of the design processes for new buildings with seismic isolation are presented, while the application of seismic isolation systems and response control systems for the retrofitting of existing structures is also examined, followed by various case studies from Greece, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, and Turkey.</p>

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Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. Taylor & Francis Group, 2024.

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Konstantinou, Thaleia, Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović, and Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik. ENERGY: resources and building performance. TU Delft Bouwkunde, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.25.

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The use of energy in buildings is a complex problem, but it can be reduced and alleviated by making appropriate decisions. Therefore, architects face a major and responsible task of designing the built environment in such a way that its energy dependence will be reduced to a minimum, while at the same time being able to provide comfortable living conditions. Today, architects have many tools at their disposal, facilitating the design process and simultaneously ensuring proper assessment in the early stages of building design. The purpose of this book is to present ongoing research from the universities involved in the project Creating the Network of Knowledge Labs for Sustainable and Resilient Environments (KLABS). This book attempts to highlight the problem of energy use in buildings and propose certain solutions. It consists of nine chapters, organised in three parts. The gathering of chapters into parts serves to identify the different themes that the designer needs to consider, namely energy resources, energy use and comfort, and energy efficiency. Part 1, entitled “Sustainable and Resilient Energy Resources,” sets off by informing the reader about the basic principles of energy sources, production, and use. The chapters give an overview of all forms of energies and energy cycle from resources to end users and evaluate the resilience of renewable energy systems. This information is essential to realise that the building, as an energy consumer, is part of a greater system and the decisions can be made at different levels. Part 2, entitled “Energy and Comfort in the Built Environment”, explain the relationship between energy use and thermal comfort in buildings and how it is predicted. Buildings consume energy to meet the users’ needs and to provide comfort. The appropriate selection of materials has a direct impact on the thermal properties of a building. Moreover, comfort is affected by parameters such as temperature, humidity, air movement, air quality, lighting, and noise. Understanding and calculating those conditions are valuable skills for the designers. After the basics of energy use in buildings have been explained, Part 3, entitled “Energy Saving Strategies” aims to provide information and tools that enable an energy- and environmentally-conscious design. This part is the most extensive as it aims to cover different design aspects. Firstly, passive and active measures that the building design needs to include are explained. Those measures are seen from the perspective of heat flow and generation. The Passive House concept, which is explained in the second chapter of Part 3, is a design approach that successfully incorporates such measures, resulting in low energy use by the building. Other considerations that the following chapters cover are solar control, embodied energy and CO2 emissions, and finally economic evaluation. The energy saving strategies explained in this book, despite not being exhaustive, provide basic knowledge that the designer can use and build upon during the design of new buildings and existing building upgrades. In the context of sustainability and resilience of the built environment, the reduction of energy demand is crucial. This book aims to provide a basic understanding of the energy flows in buildings and the subsequent impact for the building’s operation and its occupants. Most importantly, it covers the principles that need to be taken into account in energy efficient building design and demonstrates their effectiveness. Designers are shaping the built environment and it is their task to make energy-conscious and informed decisions that result in comfortable and resilient buildings.

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Book chapters on the topic "Building upgrades"

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Building Energy Consumption." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-2.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Solar PV Renewable Energy Systems." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-12.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Air Conditioning Systems." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-4.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Energy Management Systems." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-10.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emission Savings." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-17.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Other Energy Savings Considerations." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-15.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Heating Systems." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-6.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "DHW Heating." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-8.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Energy Savings Financial Metrics." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-16.

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Buonicore, Anthony J. "Cogeneration Systems." In Energy Savings Calculations for Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Upgrades. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032692777-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Building upgrades"

1

Curran, Joseph John, Jerry Curran, and Louis MacDowell. "Galvanic Liquid Applied Coating Development for Protection of Steel in Concrete." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04335.

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Abstract Corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete is a major problem affecting NASA facilities at Kennedy Space Center (KSC), other government agencies, and the general public. Problems include damage to KSC launch support structures, transportation and marine infrastructures, as well as building structures. A galvanic liquid applied coating was developed at KSC in order to address this problem. The coating is a non-epoxy metal rich ethyl silicate liquid coating. The coating is applied as a liquid from initial stage to final stage. Preliminary data shows that this coating system exceeds the NACE 100 millivolt shift criterion. The remainder of the paper details the development of the coating system through the following phases: Phase I: Development of multiple formulations of the coating to achieve easy application characteristics, predictable galvanic activity, long-term protection, and minimum environmental impact.Phase II: Improvement of the formulations tested in Phase I including optimization of metallic loading as well as incorporation of humectants for continuous activation.Phase III: Application and testing of improved formulations on the test blocks.Phase IV: Incorporation of the final formulation upgrades onto large instrumented structures (slabs).

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Olhiser, Burt. "Renovation and Seismic Upgrade of a 1930’S Ford Assembly Plant." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2009. SSPC, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2009-00035.

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Abstract In the 1920’s the Ford Motor Company commissioned architect Albert Kahn to design regional automobile assembly plants. The largest on the West Coast was built in Richmond CA. With over 500,000 square feet of floor space under one roof it is still today the largest single building on San Francisco Bay. During the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake this National Historic Building was severely damaged to the point that it could not be occupied. This paper tells the tale of how due to incredible time restraints an Olympian effort was needed to retrofit and restore this national treasure to a usable commercial building.

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Clayton, Phillip. "Predicting Weather-Dependent Energy Savings for Low-Income Residential Buildings for Specific Upgrades with Limited Data." In 53rd American Solar Energy Society National Solar Conference 2024. American Solar Energy Society, 2024. https://doi.org/10.52202/077496-0010.

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Cacciotti, Riccardo, Arsenii Trush, and Stanislav Pospíšil. "Climate-change resilience indicators for engineering infrastructure based on climatic tunnel simulation." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.1426.

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<p>Climate change accelerates the degradation of the built environment, affecting material integrity and structural performance. With global projections anticipating intensified climate patterns, there is a pressing need for reliable risk assessment methods and climate-tailored, resilience-building measures. This paper presents an ongoing project, investigating the impact of climate change on key engineering infrastructure using wind tunnel simulations. The aim is to identify critical resilience parameters, damage functions and risk indicators. Activities include field measurements and observations, and laboratory work in the climatic tunnel to investigate climate phenomena and the response of building materials and structures. Results will contribute to the definition of upgraded safety evaluation methodologies and guide future research on technical recommendations and user-oriented strategies addressing engineering, economic, and social aspects.</p>

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Alghamdi, Abdulaziz S. "Utilizing IR4.0 Solutions to Transform a Conventional GOSP to an Intelligent GOSP (iGOSP)." In MPWT 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/mpwt19-15456.

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Abstract An iGOSP initiative ties multiple solutions together on a common wireless infrastructure, which allows systems to interact in such a way that they create new features, capabilities, automation and monitoring. The result is a facility that has unique efficiencies, maximum return on asset and delivers unparalleled value, visibility, predictability and adaptability. NGPD selected Abqaiq GOSP-3 to pilot the concept of an intelligent GOSP (iGOSP). Abqaiq GOSP-3 is one of the oldest facilities in NGPD; which was commissioned in 1978. The plant’s rack room has gone through several upgrade projects in the past. This resulted in present challenges including: —Limited space in the rack room for any wired new instrument loop. Hence, an upgrade of the rack room will be needed for any future project.—Limited spare cables in field junction boxes.—Presence of local/pneumatic controllers. The ultimate goal is to sustain and expand Abqaiq GOSP 3 monitoring capabilities towards achieving operational excellence through the use of 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies. This plant is the first step in building a roadmap for other facilities to transform into the digital era through the use of state-of-the-art industrial wireless sensors technologies, such as digital twin, advanced data analytics, and augmented reality.

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Ivanov, Metodi. "VALORIZATION OF THE LANDSCAPE THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF MODERN ENERGY SOLUTIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF GREEN BUILDINGS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s27.61.

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The aim of this report is to assess the extent of valorization of the landscape in relation to the increase of energy efficiency and in the context of the construction of green buildings and the development of modern green architecture, which is responsible for the implementation of sustainable policies implemented in the field of environmental protection and the fight against climate change. This paper will review current trends in the development of green architectural design and the interrelationship with the application of modern energy solutions in the construction of green buildings in the construction of sustainable cities of the future. On the other hand, an explanation of the processes of increasing the value and potential of the landscape will be sought in order to highlight the influence of social cohesion and cultural continuity in the development of contemporary urban environments. This study will use administrative and institutional approaches in identifying current trends in the application of modern energy solutions applied in the territory of municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria. Furthermore, it will seek answers to a number of questions related to the existence of a methodological framework in the identification of buildings to be upgraded through energy audits and retrofitting and the application of modern energy solutions. The experience of other EU Member States will also be examined to highlight good practices that can be applied in the country as well as other EU Member States with similar problems. On the other hand, an attempt will be made to develop a new methodological framework in the implementation of landscape resource assessment, through which to seek opportunities to improve existing strategies in the field of environmental protection and sustainable use of natural resources. Attention will also be paid to the development of ecotourism, sustainable agriculture and efforts to combat climate change.

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Heymans, Denis, Catherine Romanowska, and Marcelo Herszenhaut. "Novel Isocyanate-Free Resins for 1- and 2K Protective Coatings." In Coatings+ 2019. SSPC, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2019-00024.

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Abstract Environmental, market, and cost pressures have led to the development of alternatives to conventional 2K polyurethane topcoats, including isocyanate-free binders. For example, 1- and 2K coating systems based on alkoxysilane chemistry find increased use in protective coatings. Besides conventional acrylic monomers, polymer chemists have at their disposal various versatile building blocks, such as neoacid derivatives. Neoacid esters are widely used to upgrade solvent- and waterborne resins for both decorative and protective coatings. Among other benefits, these very hydrophobic monomers reduce surface tension and improve flow, durability, chemical, and UV resistance. This paper presents a new family of polymers, combining neoacid esters and alkoxysilane monomers. Variation of process parameters, monomer composition, and level of alkoxysilane yielded a series of polymers with a range of properties. Polymers with solids content ranging from 70- to 100-% were produced using this technology, and were formulated into 1- and 2K protective coatings (both clear and pigmented). These coatings were compared with 2K polyurethane and acrylic silane systems for usual performance parameters. The paper displays performance of the various coating systems and discusses the relationship between resin processing/composition and coating performance.

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Ridouane, El Hassan, and Marcus V. A. Bianchi. "Three-Dimensional Numerical Evaluation of Thermal Performance of Uninsulated Wall Assemblies." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64248.

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Uninsulated wall assemblies are typical in older homes, as many were built before building codes required insulation. Building engineers need to understand the thermal performance of these assemblies as they consider home energy upgrades if they are to properly predict pre-upgrade performance and, consequently, prospective energy savings from the upgrade. Most whole-building energy simulation tools currently use simplified, 1D characterizations of building envelopes and assume a fixed thermal resistance that does not vary over a building’s temperature range. This study describes a detailed 3D computational fluid dynamics model that evaluates the thermal performance of uninsulated wall assemblies. It accounts for conduction through framing, convection, and radiation and allows for material property variations with temperature. Parameters that were varied include ambient outdoor temperature and cavity surface emissivity. The results may serve as input for building energy simulation tools that model the temperature-dependent energy performance of homes with uninsulated walls.

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Carmichael, Cara, and Moncef Krarti. "Greening Tenant/Landlord Processes: Demonstrating Transformation in the Industry." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90161.

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In owner-occupied facilities, it is easy to justify the incorporation of high-performance building features because commonly recognized hard and soft benefits (cost savings, productivity gains and improved occupant health, etc.) are directly recovered by the investment entity. Developers or owners of multi-tenant office buildings and retail developments, on the other hand, encounter both perceived and real barriers that often prevent the inclusion of high-performance, climactic responsive features in new or retrofit projects. Good design, proper lease formulations, market education and intelligent operation will help overcome these barriers and allow the benefits of high-performance buildings to be realized and shared amongst various stakeholders. To demonstrate this process, strategies were analyzed for a multi-tenant building in Glenwood Springs, Colorado. The Alpine Professional Building (APB) is a three-story, 18,537 gross square foot building that was originally built in 1950 and was remodeled in 1981. The building has fifteen tenants, ranging from 143 SF of leased space to an entire floor. The HVAC systems are in need of upgrading and little has been done to the building beyond typical maintenance to keep systems in operation. This is a fairly typical scenario across the industry, which enables this analysis to be widely applicable and adaptable. Building walkthroughs, surveys, utility bill analysis and energy analysis concluded that an upgrade was needed consisting of the following package of measures: improved occupant control (thought tenant education and digital thermostats), upgrading the light fixtures in the common areas and tenant spaces, and replacing the boiler. This package has a payback period under nine years would enable the building to achieve the ENERGY STAR label and can be profitable for both tenants and the landlord. The financial analysis evaluated four different methods of financing the upgrades so that both the tenant and landlord would benefit financially from the upgrades. The financial method recommended is the ‘CAM Adjustment method’ in which the landlord would provide the initial capital for the upgrades and recover those costs (plus interest) through adjustments to the Common Area Maintenance (CAM) fees. This method would have minimal tenant disruption and enable the landlord to bridge costs and savings across tenants during turnover. This paper also compares the four financing mechanisms and demonstrates their industry applicability through commonly applied energy conservation measures.

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Bos, Jim, Robert Dell, C. S. Wei, and William Foley. "Developing a Methodology for Measuring the Comparative Energy Efficiency of Elevators." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-66663.

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Existing elevator systems are upgraded approximately every 20 years, providing an opportunity for energy reduction upgrades. This demands complicated analysis because elevators consume energy while at idle and in lifting modes. Traffic patterns, loads and building usage must also be considered in addition to energy recovering potentials. An objective and inclusive measurement methodology for measuring elevator energy efficiency is essential for a valid cost benefit analysis. The necessary requirements for a workable system and a usable first generation solution are presented.

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Reports on the topic "Building upgrades"

1

Brown, Mitch, Aaron Lazelle, Bill Prindle, Eliza Johnston, Ridah Sabouni, and Allison Moe. Clean Energy Employment Impacts and Occupational Analyses: Building Envelope & Electrification Upgrades. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1995182.

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Plimpton, Kathryn D., Kari L. M. Garcia, Jeremy Christopher Brunette, and Ellen D. McGehee. Upgrades and Enclosure of Building 15 at Technical Area 40: Los Alamos National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1392854.

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Haehnel, Robert, Yonghu Wenren, and Luke Allen. SAGE-PEDD theory manual : modeling windblown snow deposition around buildings. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44942.

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Numerical modeling of snowdrifting is a useful tool for assessing the impact of building design on operations and facility maintenance. Here we outline the theory for the SAGE-PEDD snowdrift model that has application for determining snowdrift accumulation around buildings. This model uses the SAGE computational fluid dynamics code to determine the flow field in the computational domain. A particle entrainment, dispersion, and deposition (PEDD) model is coupled to SAGE to simulate the movement and deposition of the snow within the computational domain. The report also outlines areas of future development that upgrades to the SAGE-PEDD model should address.

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Wiehagen, J., M. Del Bianco, and D. Mallay. Greenbelt Homes Pilot Program: Summary of Building Envelope Retrofits, Planned HVAC Equipment Upgrades, and Energy Savings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220460.

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Wiehagen, J., M. Del Bianco, and D. Mallay. Greenbelt Homes Pilot Program. Summary of Building Envelope Retrofits, Planned HVAC Equipment Upgrades, and Energy Savings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1215112.

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Kren, Janez, Eoin Kenny, Conor O'Toole, Eva Shiel, and Rachel Slaymaker. Exploring investment requirements for energy efficiency upgrades in the private rental sector. ESRI, 2024. https://doi.org/10.26504/sustat128.

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Improving the energy efficiency of the residential housing sector represents a key challenge in meeting Ireland’s carbon reduction targets. While challenges exist across the sector in terms of incentivising upgrades, these difficulties are more pronounced in the rental sector, which suffers from the longstanding split incentive issue between landlords and tenants. Split incentive refers to the situation whereby landlords face the investment cost while tenants receive the benefit in terms of energy efficiency. However, to inform any policy response, it is important to quantify the scale of the investment requirements and to consider the profile of landlords and their financial capacity to make the required upgrades. In this report, our research objectives are three-fold. First, we use a range of micro datasets to explore the energy-efficiency profile of the housing stock in the residential private rental sector (PRS). We draw on the Residential Tenancies Board (RTB) annual registrations data and the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) building energy rating (BER) research dataset. Second, we use unique micro data on investments on social housing upgrades and SEAI grants to cost the scale of upgrading the stock using a range of scenarios. Third, we focus on household landlords in Ireland, and explore their ability to finance investments in energy efficiency in rented dwellings using micro data from the Central Statistics Office’s (CSO) Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS).

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Kren, Janez, Eoin Kenny, Conor O'Toole, Eva Shiel, and Rachel Slaymaker. Exploring investment requirements for energy efficiency upgrades in the private rental sector. ESRI, 2024. https://doi.org/10.26504/rs205.

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Improving the energy efficiency of the residential housing sector represents a key challenge in meeting Ireland’s carbon reduction targets. While challenges exist across the sector in terms of incentivising upgrades, these difficulties are more pronounced in the rental sector, which suffers from the longstanding split incentive issue between landlords and tenants. Split incentive refers to the situation whereby landlords face the investment cost while tenants receive the benefit in terms of energy efficiency. However, to inform any policy response, it is important to quantify the scale of the investment requirements and to consider the profile of landlords and their financial capacity to make the required upgrades. In this report, our research objectives are three-fold. First, we use a range of micro datasets to explore the energy-efficiency profile of the housing stock in the residential private rental sector (PRS). We draw on the Residential Tenancies Board (RTB) annual registrations data and the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) building energy rating (BER) research dataset. Second, we use unique micro data on investments on social housing upgrades and SEAI grants to cost the scale of upgrading the stock using a range of scenarios. Third, we focus on household landlords in Ireland, and explore their ability to finance investments in energy efficiency in rented dwellings using micro data from the Central Statistics Office’s (CSO) Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS).

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Zimring, Mark. Using Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds for Public Building Upgrades. Reducing Energy Bills in the City of Philadelphia. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1223008.

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X., X. Structural Upgrade Study Building 313. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1122249.

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Hodgson, R. D., J. C. Sabin, and G. C. Lengas. 224-T TRUSAF Building upgrade. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10189569.

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