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Journal articles on the topic 'Bukovina'
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1
Krasowska, Helena. "Język Polaków na Bukowinie Karpackiej." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 45 (September 25, 2015): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2010.010.
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The language of Polish people in Carpathian BukovinaThe Polish group which was settling in Bukovina since 18th century was various as far as the place of origin is concerned. These are comers from Galicia, Lesser Poland and the region of Czadca in Slovakia. In this article the author presented linguistic situation in particular villages according to the division of Polish community which varies regarding the origin and present place of residence.In the Polish language of Bukovina – according to the research – relatively faint traces of the dialect of Lesser Poland can be found. The speech of comers from lesser Poland weakened due to the prestige of the speech of settlers from Eastern Galicia which developed mainly in conditions of Polish-Ukrainian bilinguism as well as Polish–Ukrainian–Romanian trilinguism or even Polish–Ukrainian–Romanian–German polylinguism.The author circumstantiated linguistic contacts of the Polish group in Kaczyka, Nowy Sołoniec, Paltynoasa, Plesza, Pojana Mikuli (in Southern Bukovina) as well as in Stara Huta, Dolne Piotrowce, Tereblecze (in Northern Bukovina) and Czerniowce, Storożyniec and Panka. The most important linguistic features were named in the article.As a result, the Polish community in the Southern Bukovina region can be divided into four groups varying as far as the language and origin are concerned: the dialect of Kaczyka village, dialect of Bukovinian Highlanders; dialect of Ruda village; dialect of Bulaj and Michoweny villages. There is the Polish language, so called all-Bukovinian which is a variation of the Polish language of South-Eastern borderland and the dialect of Bukovinian Highlanders (with different features than the mentioned above).
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Krasowska, Helena. "Sytuacja socjolingwistyczna Polaków bukowińskich." Acta Baltico-Slavica 34 (August 31, 2015): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2010.013.
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Sociolinguistic situation of Poles in BukovinaIn the present article the author presented the sociolinguistic situation of Poles in Bukovina. She paid attention to the group of Bukovina mountaineers who stayed in Bukovina after the repatriation in 1945 and those who currently inhabit the so called Western Lands. The Poles in Bukovina were not a homogenous group. The Polish population settling in Bukovina since the 18th century was of a different place of origin. We need to distinguish three basic groups: newcomers from Galicia, Lesser Poland and from the region of Cadca in Slovakia. This resulted in using three variations of the Polish language in this area.The following domains of language usage have been distinguished for the description of the Polish mountaineers in Bukovina and so called Western Lands: family, neighbourhood, church, school, offices.The author highlights that there should be a sociolinguistic research of all the Bukovina mountaineers in Poland in comparison with studies which have discussed this group in Bukovina so far. Apart from problems regarding linguistic interference, shifting codes, the theory of bilingualism and diglossia such research should include extralinguistic conditions, e.g. origin, age, education, profession, departures. Cоциолингвистическая ситуация поляков в БуковинеВ статье представлена социолингвистическая ситуация поляков, проживающих в Буковине. Особое внимание обращено на группу граждан не эвакуирующуюся в Польшу в 1945 году и оставшуюся на постоянное жительство вне родины. Те, кто покинул Буковину и переехал в Польшу, поселились на западных польских территориях. Буковинские поляки–горцы не составляли однородной группы. Польские поселенцы, прибывающие в Буковину, начиная с XVIII столетия, были выходцами из разных районов Польши: прибыли из Галиции, Малой Польши, и чадецкого района Словакии. Cледовательнo они разговаривали на разных диалектах. Oбcyждалось употребление данной разновидности языка в следующих областях: семья, соседи, церковь, школа, правительственные организации.Автор статьи обращает внимание на необходимость сравнительных социолингвистических исследований всех групп польских буковинских горцев с группой, проживающей с 1945 года в Польше.
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Biryuk, Ihor, Oleh Korytsky, Iryna Kukovska, Tatyana Sykyrytska, Petro Kovalchuk, and Antonina Koritska. "Free lyricists of Bukovina, as bearers of a competitive worldview." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine 30, no. 2 (November 29, 2021): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.2.2021.268.
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The need to address this problem is due to increased interest in the origins of traditional national culture and spirituality of our people, growing interest in authentic culture of the Ukrainian ethnic group, and in particular its component – the life of wandering elders-singers. The music of the Ukrainian lyre (kobza) is an organic part of people's worldviews, their thoughts and aspirations, diverse and rich spiritual life. One of the important roles in awakening the spirituality of our people was played by lyre players and kobzars, who carried the fiery Ukrainian word to the people, called for the struggle for freedom, for Cossack glory, for the ancient ancestral Orthodox faith. The article presents an analysis of the formation of lyricism (kobzarism) as a significant part of the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian population of Bukovina. The lyricists are portrayed as witnesses of the life and development of the people in different historical epochs, as well as their influence on knowledge of history, education of patriotism, love for the native land and respect for their ancestors. The purpose. Based on the analysis of literature sources and available historical documents to trace the peculiarities of the process of formation and reproduction of the history of lyricism in Bukovina, as part of the historical heritage of the Ukrainian people. Research methods: retrospective, synthetic analytical and generalizing methods. The scientific novelty lies in the generalization of information about the representatives of Ukrainian epic singing in Bukovina and Bukovina Hutsul region. Conclusions. The biographies of lyricists of Bukovyna, recollections about them, features of Hutsul lyre are given. Lyricism as a unique cultural phenomenon was spread all over Ukraine and in Hutsul region and Bukovyna as well from XVI century till 30ies of the twentieth century. As in the territory of Bukovina, as well as in all Ukraine, industrial production of lyres was not developed - in comparison with similar tools from other countries such lyres were much simpler in the design. The lyre in the Bukovynian Hutsul region had a layer of religiosity, so in addition to the heroic epic, the repertoire included chants and psalms. Well-known lyricists in Bukovyna were Yuriy Fedkovych (“Bukovynskyi Solovyi”), from the village of Putyla, Vasyl Tonievych from the village of Samakova, Petro Dzurak from the village of Dytynets, Dmytro Hentsar from the village of Ryzha (Pylypkove hamlet), Vasyl Hrytsko, Ivan Pokhovych (Hnat) from Sadhora (Chernivtsi).
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Fisher, Gaëlle. "Looking Forwards through the Past: Bukovina’s “Return to Europe” after 1989–1991." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 33, no. 1 (November 20, 2018): 196–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418780479.
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This article is part of the special cluster titled Bukovina and Bukovinians after the Second World War: (Re)shaping and (re)thinking a region after genocide and ‘ethnic unmixing’, guest edited by Gaëlle Fisher and Maren Röger. Over the course of the 1990s, the region of Bukovina, once the easternmost province of the Austrian half of the Habsburg Empire, gained unprecedented visibility abroad. This was the case in German-language space in particular. There, Bukovina became the subject of newspaper articles, books, films, and exhibitions; travel and tourism to the area developed; political agreements and partnerships were even established between German or Austrian and “Bukovinian” regions. These initiatives, across “East and West,” across the former Iron Curtain, were meant to bridge the former divide. But many were based on proclaimed historical and cultural connections: as the widespread slogan read, Bukovina “returned to Europe.” In the process, historical Bukovina, by then split between Romania and a newly independent Ukraine, was not so much rediscovered as resurrected, reconstructed, and reinvented on the basis of existing ideas and assumptions. This raises a range of questions: why Bukovina, why in these countries, and why then? In this article, I identify different groups of actors, trends, and phases in the popular resurgence of Bukovina after 1989–1991 and highlight their origins, differences, and interactions. By tracing the activities and narratives of some of the key actors of the reinvention of the region after 1989–1991, this article explores the tensions between visions of the past and visions of the future in Germany, Austria, and Europe after 1989. It thereby also contributes to a critical reflection on the meaning of the wider “return to Europe” of Central and Eastern Europe after the end of the Cold War.
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Rudenko, Valery, and Kateryna Hrek. "Research by Dr. Myron Korduba on the problems of geography of the population of Bukovina." Scientific Herald of Chernivtsi University. Geography, no. 824 (January 30, 2020): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.2020.824.78-83.
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The creative work of Dr. Myron Korduba (1876 - 1947) in the geography of the population of Bukovina in the early twentieth century is analyzed. Scientists are given a thorough comprehensive geographical assessment of the population of the region, studied the levels of education of the inhabitants of Bukovina, the structure of employment and its distribution by major social strata. The boundaries of the Ukrainian and Romanian "ethnographic territories" of Bukovina are clearly delineated as a basis for establishing appropriate state borders. With the arrival of Chernivtsi at the turn of the century and employment in the Second Academic Gymnasium, a young, full of energy Dr. Myron Korduba plunged into the whirlpool of active socio-political life. He had clearly expressed Ukrainian-centric state views, which he vigorously defended and scientifically substantiated. Therefore, it seems quite natural that his increased attention to politico-geographical and geopolitical research, important areas of which we have considered earlier. A significant place in the creative work of the scientist, of course, is also occupied by geographical and pedagogical developments. Studying the work of a scientist in the geography of the population of Bukovina, we should pay attention to the extremely valuable for the study of problems of regional development - analysis-review of Myron Korduba on official census materials published by the regional statistical bureau. It is important, as M. Korduba claims, that the publisher is not limited to information only for 1900, but also provides data for both 1880 and 1890 for comparison. It was necessary to dwell on the most important indicators of the last census of the population of Bukovyna also because neither the Bukovynian nor the Galician communities were acquainted in detail with these materials. First of all, Myron Korduba pays attention to population density and its geographical distribution in the counties of the region. According to the average - 70 people per 1 km² in 1900 Bukovina ranked 9th among the Austrian provinces (in 1890 - 10th place after Istria). Kitsman and Sadagur counties of Bukovina were "most densely populated" - 125 and 123 people per 1 km, respectively. The counties of DornaVatra and Seletyn had the lowest population density in the region (22 and 13 people per 1 km). For comparison, M. Korduba provides data on the average population density in the Czech Republic - 121 people per 1 km². In his analysis of the geography of the region's population, the reviewer focuses significantly on the language issue. He notes that in 1900, Ukrainian was spoken by 41.2% of all residents of Bukovina, Wallachian - 31.7%, German - 22.0%, Polish - 3.7%. Dr. Myron Korduba's brief but extremely informative study "Bukowina / Bukowina v nástinuhistorickémaetnografickém", published in Czech in the series "PoznejmeUkrainu", is of great interest for a comprehensive understanding of the problems of the geography of the region's population. This article by the scholar is all the more significant because it was published during the Paris Peace Conference and, in particular, the preparation of the Saint-Germain and future Sevres peace treaties, which legitimized the transfer of Bukovina to the Kingdom of Romania. Based on the above, Dr. Myron Korduba gives the following generalizations: neither historically nor ethnographically, Bukovyna can be considered as a "purely Romanian land", as Ukrainians make up a relative majority of the region's population; the communities of Zastavna, Kitsman, Vashkivtsi, Vyzhnytsia, and the environs of Selyatyn are purely Ukrainian; the political districts of Chernivtsi and Seret, as well as the Ukrainian parts of the communities of Storozhynets and Kimpolungu, have a Ukrainian majority. It is the relative majority of nationalities in a given area that should be decisive in the "division of Bukovina into regions with different nationalities"; although the region's capital, Chernivtsi, is dominated by Jews, Ukrainians are second only to Jews. The city is surrounded by Ukrainian communities and borders a small "Romanian island of several villages." Therefore, it is natural to "deliver" Chernivtsi to the Ukrainian part of Bukovyna.
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Surovtsev, Oleg. "Bukovynian Jews during the Holocaust: The problem of preserving historical memory." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 1, no. 49 (June 30, 2019): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2019.49.93-100.
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In the article, based on archival materials, published memoirs, a retrospective analysis of events and contemporary reflections of the Holocaust on the territory of Bukovina during the Second World War is carried out. During the Soviet, German-Romanian occupation of the region, the Bukovinian Jewish community suffered severe suffering and trials, huge human and material losses, which greatly undermined the social, economic and cultural positions of the Jewish population in Bukovina. In fact, the socio-cultural face of Chernivtsi and the region changed, entire generations of Bukovinian Jews were erased from historical memory, forever disappeared into the darkness of history.
From the late 80’s – early 90’s XX century. in the conditions of the collapse of the USSR and the emergence of an independent Ukraine, it became possible to study the events of the Holocaust in the Chernivtsi region, to study the fate of Bukovynian Jews during the Second World War. Despite the mass emigration, in 1990-1995 the Jewish community of Chernivtsi published five collections of memories of Holocaust survivors of the Holocaust in Bukovina, erected a memorial sign at the scene of the shootings in the summer of 1941 and a memorial plaque on the Chernivtsi ghetto (in 2016 the efforts of the Jewish community of Chernivtsi to create a full memorial in the territory of the former ghetto).
Since 2010, the Museum of Jewish History and Culture of Bukovina has been established in Chernivtsi, and at the Chernivtsi National University there is a Center of Jewish studies, which is actively engaged in the study and promotion of Bukovina Jewish history, including the topic of the Holocaust.
Since 2017, work has begun on the creation of the Holocaust Museum in Chernivtsi in the building of the former memorial synagogue «Beit Kadish» on the territory of a Jewish cemetery, which aims to commemorate the memory of Bukovinian Jews who died during the Second World War.
Over the past 30 years, more than 65 monuments (memorials, plaques) have appeared in the Chernivtsi region to commemorate those killed in the Holocaust. However, around the Holocaust events in Bukovina, a memory conflict has arisen – it is about different interpretations of events (Ukrainian, Romanian, Jewish, post-Soviet narratives) and commemorative practices related to it. An example of the post-Soviet memory of the Holocaust is the recently opened memorial in one of the districts of Chernivtsi (Sadgora), on the so-called “Kozak Hill”, in memory of the executed Jews in the summer of 1941. The Soviet term “Great Patriotic War” is used in the inscription on the monument.
Keywords: Holocaust, Transnistria, ghetto, «autorization», deportation, primar
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Sedlar, Tomislav, Bogoslav Šefc, Srđan Stojnić, Andrej Jarc, Ivana Perić, and Tomislav Sinković. "Tvrdoća toplinski modificirane bukovine i grabovine." Šumarski list 143, no. 9-10 (October 31, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.31298/sl.143.9-10.4.
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Na tržištu se pojavljuje velik broj proizvoda (uglavnom podnih obloga) od toplinski modificiranog drva. Poznato je da se drvu mijenjaju fizička i mehanička svojstva djelovanjem temperatura viših od 160 °C u okolišu siromašnome kisikom. U prikazanom radu istraživana je promjena tvrdoće po Brinell-u toplinski modificirane bukovine i grabovine u odnosu na recentno drvo, i to na tri glavna presjeka drva: poprečnom, radijalnom i tangentnom. Bukovina i grabovina odabrane su zbog utjecaja klimatskih promjena, kao i predviđanja na rasprostranjenost bukve i graba u Jugoistočnoj Europi. Drvo je modificirano u okolišu siromašnom kisikom 48 sati pri 200 ºC. Također je prikazana i ovisnost tvrdoće drva po Brinell-u o gustoći drva. Sva su mjerenja provedena pri ravnotežnom sadržaju vode drva od 12 %. Prosječne vrijednosti tvrdoće po Brinell-u toplinski modificirane bukovine i grabovine statistički se značajno razlikuju i manje su od prosječnih vrijednosti tvrdoće recentne bukovine i grabovine. Toplinskom modifikacijom bukovine i grabovine očekivano je došlo do smanjenja mase, a time i do smanjenja gustoće ispitanih uzoraka. U ovom istraživanju utvrđeno je da se primijenjenom toplinskom modifikacijom bukovini smanjila prosječna vrijednost tvrdoće po Brinell-u za 3% na poprečnom presjeku, za 15% na radijalnom presjeku i za 25% na tangentnom presjeku. Grabovini se istovrsnom toplinskom modifikacijom smanjila tvrdoća po Brinell-u za 6% na poprečnom presjeku, za 18% na radijalnom presjeku i za 13% na tangentnom presjeku. Primijenjenom toplinskom modifikacijom drva smanjena je tvrdoća po Brinell-u na sva tri presjeka istraživane bukovine i grabovine. Međutim, zabilježeno smanjenje tvrdoće još uvijek ne priječi uporabu tako modificirane bukovine i grabovine u nenosivim drvenim konstrukcijama i drvenim podnim oblogama.
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Jakubowski, Melchior. "Ethnicity and Confession in Bukovina in the Sources from the Turn of the 18th century." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 2, no. 46 (December 20, 2017): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2017.46.57-66.
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In the descriptions of Bukovуna as the new Habsburg province and in the records of the Roman Catholic Church various terms for ethnicity have functioned, sophisticatedly related to the religious denominations. Either all Orthodox inhabitants were described as Moldavians, or a difference between Orthodox Moldavians and Orthodox Ruthenians was marked. For Ruthenians (Orthodox and Greek Catholic) and their language there was no common name. All Roman Catholics were sometimes considered as Germans and Hungarians. Despite that, Catholic Church in Bukovуna from its beginning was multi-ethnic and multi-language. The ambiguity of terms is shown by the problem with distinguishing Catholic Poles and Slovaks. On the other hand, there was even a case of mistaking Ruthenians for Poles. Ethnicity and confession in Bukovina were entangled with each other, but with no strict connection, like the one functioning in Galicia (Polish Roman Catholics and Ruthenian Greek Catholics). The situation was much more complicated. The mixture of ethnicities among the faithful in both Orthodox and Catholic Churches was a factor of highest importance for the development of famous Bukovуnian tolerance.
Keywords: Bukovina, ethnicity, religion, terminology
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Colăcel, Onoriu. "Regional Identification in Present Day Romania. The Case Study of Suceava County." Messages, Sages and Ages 2, no. 1 (August 1, 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msas-2015-0001.
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Abstract In the aftermath of the 1989 Revolution, Romanian mainstream culture set out to reclaim the pre- Communist legacy of the country. The ‘golden age’ of interwar was the obvious choice; both popular and academic debates on Romanian identity looked back at the time of the so-called Greater Romania. The present day Suceava County is singular in its regional identification with the former Habsburg Duchy of Bukovina. The Austrian occupation of the Northern part of the historical principality of Moldova between 1775 and 1918 provides an identity building opportunity to the locals who seem to find fault with Moldovan regional designation. Bukovina comes into the picture of the hospitality industry mostly, yet there is more to the Bukovinian identification. The literature published by Suceava County Council appears to employ a marketing strategy for the same hospitality industry that dwells on what is, essentially, the colonial past of the area. At odds with Romanian self-identification, the narrative of Bukovina underpins the discourse of local government as a means to foster brand awareness for the entire county, although Southern Suceava was never incorporated into the Habsburg/Austro- Hungarian Empire
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Savchuk, B. P., and G. V. Bilavych. "The phenomenon of temperance movement in Bukovina and Khotyn District of Bessarabia Province in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries: Euro-Atlantic, Rusin, and Russian models." Rusin, no. 63 (2021): 52–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/63/5.
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The article outlines the historical experience of the temperance movement development in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries in Bukovina, which at that time was part of the Habsburg monarchy as the Duchy of Bukovina with the status of the crown land, and in Khotyn District of Bessarabia Province of the Russian Empire. The historiography of the problem under study is fragmentarily reflected in socio-political, historical-ethnographic, and ethno-demographic writings. The authors have identified three main groups of prerequisites and factors determining the temperance movement in Bukovina and Hotynshchyna: the ethno-social structure and socio-economic situation of the population; the traditional everyday culture of the Rusins; the alcohol policy of the state; high level of drunkenness, etc. The article carries out a comprehensive comparative analysis to describe three organizational and ideological models of the temperance movement development. The first – Euro-Atlantic – manifested itself in various forms and activities of temperance associations and societies in the United States and European countries. The second – Rusin (Galician-Bukovinian) – manifested itself in the activities of the temperance associations and societies in the Duchy of Bukovina, which organized oaths of sobriety, “farewell to vodka”, “crosses of sobriety”, alcohol-free weddings and other family and social celebrations. The activity of the “apostles of sobriety”, the press and other public institutions is shown. The third – Russian – model related to the guardinaship for people’s sobriety in Khotyn region, which opened tea-reading rooms and libraries and carried out educational work.
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Nowak, Krzysztof. "Polish Research on Bukovina." Codrul Cosminului 25, no. 2 (2019): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4316/cc.2019.02.003.
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Renner, Alexander. "Die Bukowina als eine Insel des „Deutschthums“ im Osten? Deutsche Kulturverbreitung und deren Wahrnehmung in Reiseberichten aus dem 19. Jahrhundert." historia.scribere, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/historia.scribere.12.622.
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The Bukovina as an island of “Deutschthum” in the East? The diffusion of German culture and its perception in travel reports from the 19th centuryThe following seminar paper outlines the description of the Bukovina, a part of the Habsburg Monarchy, in selected travel reports from the 19th century. It explains why the authors of these reports perceived the Bukovina as an island of German culture in Eastern Europe, which was otherwise labelled as barbaric and underdeveloped. It will be shown that the authors’ subjective observations are not compatible with up-to-date findings of historical research.
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Melnychuk, Liubov. "Chernivtsi National University during the Romanian period in Bukovina’s history (1918-1940)." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.118-125.
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The author investigates and analyzes the state Chernivtsi National University during the Romanian period in Bukovina’s history. During that period in the field of education was held a radical change in the direction of intensive Romanization. In period of rigid occupation regime in the province, the government of Romania laid its hopes on the University. The Chernivtsi National University had become a hotbed of Romanization ideas, to ongoing training for church and state apparatus, to educate students in the spirit of devotion Romania.
Keywords: Chernivtsi National University, Romania, Romanization, higher education, Bukovina
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Fuchs, Walter. "Litigious Bukovina: Eugen Ehrlich’s ›Living Law‹ and the Use of Civil Justice in the Late Habsburg Monarchy." Administory 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/adhi-2020-0015.
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Abstract In this paper, Eugen Ehrlich’s notion of living law is presented as a concept of multi-normativity. The culturally pluralist character of his home province, Bukovina, led Ehrlich – rightly considered a pioneer not only of the sociology of law, but also of legal pluralism and qualitative social research – to empirically explore the legal customs of its different ethnic groups as actually practised. As Ehrlich stressed the role of private societal legal transactions, his place of activity became a metaphor for a law beyond the state. However, the textbook narrative that Austrian state law has been ›dead‹ in the easternmost crown land of the Habsburg Empire does not stand up to closer scrutiny. In fact, as shown by an analysis of the monarchy’s legal statistics (that are hitherto practically unused for historical or sociological studies) and contemporary media accounts, the Bukovina witnessed an extraordinarily high litigation rate. Apart from precarious economic conditions, this was most likely an unintended consequence of civil procedural reforms. Given the Bukovina’s figurative meaning in current socio-legal discourses on law and globalisation, a proper understanding of this demand for state justice, as well as its coexistence with multiple societal normativities, is not only of historical interest.
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Herasymiuk, Iryna, Natalia Grinko, and Bohdan Sumariuk. "From mysticism to neuroscience: the history of psychiatric service of the bukovina region." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine 30, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.2.2021.258.
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The origins of psychiatric care in Bukovina can be divided in two stages: the first stage - pre-scientific, the second stage - scientific or nosological. During the pre-scientific period of providing assistance to persons with mental disorders occurred in monasteries. They were regarded as possessed, that is, persons with demons. On the territory of modern Chernivtsi area there were several such monasteries where they could get help patients with mental disorders. Since the proclamation Bukovina is the crown land of the Austro-Hungarian Empire psychiatric care has changed. A psychiatric service was bornunderstanding what a mental disorder is. There was a transition to science interpretation and approach to psychiatric care. The purpose of the article was to cover the formation of the psychiatric service in Bukovina, the transformation of the approach to care for patients with mental disorders, from mysticism to the modern model. Scientific novelty is to analyze the history of psychiatry in Bukovina from the past to present and coverage of the main historical moments that gave impetus for the formation of true neuroscience. Methodological principles research: chronological and comparative-historical approach, systemic interdisciplinary analysis. Conclusions. History of origin psychiatric service in Bukovina experienced ups and downs that corresponded to the conditions of the time. The transformation of mental service has changed from the worldview and level of development of contemporary science. You can watch changes from mystification to the emergence of psychiatry as a real modern neuroscience with an evidence base and humane treatment of patients.
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Fisher, Gaëlle, and Maren Röger. "Bukovina: A Borderland Region in (Trans-)national Historiographies after 1945 and 1989–1991." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 33, no. 1 (November 20, 2018): 176–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418791019.
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This article is part of the special cluster titled Bukovina and Bukovinians after the Second World War: (Re)shaping and (re)thinking a region after genocide and ‘ethnic unmixing’, guest edited by Gaëlle Fisher and Maren Röger. This introductory essay provides an overview of the historiography of the borderland region of Bukovina after 1945 and 1989–1991. Presenting the approaches adopted in different national contexts after the end of the Second World War, it points to the methodological nationalism which characterized research on the region during the Cold War. We show that while the historiography of Bukovina on the ground, in Romania and the Soviet Union, refracted wider national ideologies, abroad, particularly in West Germany and Israel, it remained for a long time the prerogative of small groups of “Bukovinians,” who saw it as their “lost home.” We explore both the similarities and differences between these narratives and stakeholders as well as the changes that took place after 1989–1991, especially in Romania and Ukraine. We show that while divided, the actors behind the narratives and thereby the narratives themselves have been connected in complex ways over the decades and particularly since the collapse of communism. Indeed, while for a long time the study of Bukovina resisted transnationalism, it nevertheless constituted and constitutes an ultimately transnational research object. Today, Bukovina remains a space of contest but it is also a space of opportunity, not least for researchers interested in the contested histories of borderland regions. This essay therefore contextualizes the themes and issues addressed in the following cluster of articles and identifies avenues for future research in this field.
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Wawryniuk, Andrzej. "Political and military activities of states in the struggle for belonging of Bukovina after the I World War." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 39 (June 16, 2019): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2019.39.21-31.
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The subject of the borderland, especially in the post-war years, is one of the key problems faced by the political elite. National minorities on both sides of the border are an additional difficulty in resolving possible issues. A problem of great political importance after the First World War was the nationality of Eastern Galicia and Bukovina – territories historically belonging to Poland and Romania. An attempt to discuss this issue has been made in this article.
Keywords: border, state, Galicia, Bukovina, Chernivtsi.
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Strelko, Oleh, Yuliia Berdnychenko, and Oleh Pylypchuk. "Creation and Operation of Main Railways in Bukovina." Supplement 9, no. 1 (July 24, 2021): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37710/plural.v9i1s_3.
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This study aims to review the socio-political and economic preconditions of creation and beginning of operation of main railways in Bukovina. The analysis of scientific and memoir literature, recollections, review of archival sources allowed establishing the fact that the problem of formation and beginning of operation of the network of railways in Bukovina of the Austro-Hungarian period was not a subject of systematic and integral investigation. It was shown that the idea of building railways in Bukovina was also in the political and socio-economic interests of Austria in the south-eastern region of Europe because by laying railways, the imperial government provided itself with a favourable strategic position in the region. Based on the results of the study, it was established that with the construction of the Lviv-Chernivtsi-Iași railway, railway communications came to first place in the Austrian-Hungarian Empire in terms of material, technical, defense and economic potential.
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Cioanca, Lia-Maria. "The Imperative Need to Create a Rapid and Efficient Connection between Transylvania and Bukovina During the First World War – The Construction of the Prundu Bârgăului - Vatra Dornei Railway Line." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0123.
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Abstract In the context of the World War I outbreak and given the lack of a direct railway line between Transylvania and Bukovina, the Austro-Hungarian army is forced to find a quick and operative solution to the supply of weapons, food, but also to restore the supply to the Austro-Hungarian empire with manganese ore, dolomite, lumber, cereals, animals and other goods provided by Bukovina. Therefore, they considered building a fast link between Transylvania and Bukovina, along a spectacular route, namely, the Prundu Bârgăului-Vatra Dornei railway line. In the successful realization of this great project an ingenious, even revolutionary solution was found for those days: the construction of a railway line with normal gauge, adapted to trains and the petrol-electric traction, according to a model that was used and successfully put into practice since 1912 in Austrian Tirol. The works were completed in a very short time, even though there were very harsh working conditions and the route was extremely difficult. Both the Austro-Hungarian army and civilians from neighbouring villages and prisoners of war contributed to this success.
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Olariu, Florin-Teodor, and Veronica Olariu. "Graiurile poloneze din Poiana Micului şi Bulai (Bucovina de Sud) – o perspectivă sociolingvistică de tip comparativ pe baza ALAB." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 47, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2020.473.004.
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The Polish communities from Bukovina have been studied in the last period through several research projects, initiated by both Polish and Romanian researchers. One of them is the Audiovisual Linguistic Atlas of Bukovina (ALAB), which aims to realize a radiography in multimedia format of the ethnolinguistic diversity of Bukovina. Regarding the Polish ethnic minority, in 2016 two field studies have been carried out in two localities: Bulai and Poiana Micului. Following the analysis of the material thus obtained, we managed to capture some characteristics both at the linguistic and the sociolinguistic level that individualize the two communities. Thus, from a linguistic point of view, the two dialects are different both at phonetic and lexical level, the Bulai dialect being more similar to the Polish literary language. At the sociolinguistic level has been observed the presence of a strong epilinguistic component in the Polish people speech, based on the representations and the attitudes that the Polish ethnic groups have regarding the status and the vitality of their own dialects.
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Krasowska, Helena. "Charakterystyka językowa polskiej gwary górali bukowińskich." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 53 (December 24, 2018): 185–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2018.012.
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Characteristic features of the Polish dialect of Bukovinian highlandersThe aim of this article is to examine the language characteristics of the Polish dialect of highlanders living in Carpathian Bukovina. The directions of the group’s migration are also presented in a sociolinguistic perspective. The phonetic, inflectional and word-formative features of the Bukovinian highlanders’ dialect were compared with the corresponding ones in the general Polish language. The Bukovinian highlanders’ dialect came into contact with the following language systems: among non-Slavic languages – German and Romanian; among Slavic languages – the general Polish language, Slovak, Ukrainian and Russian. The Bukovinian highlanders’ dialect is still open to influences of the local state languages – Ukrainian and Romanian; the general Polish language has also a big influence on it. Charakterystyka językowa polskiej gwary górali bukowińskichCelem tego artykułu jest zarysowanie charakterystyki językowej polskiej gwary górali zamieszkujących Bukowinę Karpacką. Zaprezentowano również kierunki migracji tej grupy w ujęciu socjolingwistycznym. Scharakteryzowano cechy fonetyczne, fleksyjne, słowotwórcze mowy górali bukowińskich w porównaniu z językiem ogólnopolskim. Systemy językowe, z którymi gwara weszła w kontakt, to – wśród języków niesłowiańskich – niemiecki i rumuński oraz – wśród języków słowiańskich – język ogólnopolski, słowacki, ukraiński, rosyjski. Mowa górali bukowińskich jest w dalszym ciągu otwarta na wpływy języków państwowych: ukraińskiego i rumuńskiego. Duży wpływ na ich gwarę ma również język ogólnopolski.
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Utevska, O. M., M. I. Chukhraeva, A. T. Agdzhoyan, L. A. Atramentova, E. V. Balanovska, and O. P. Balanovsky. "Populations of Transcarpathia and Bukovina on the genetic landscape of surrounding regions." Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, medicine 6, no. 2 (September 21, 2015): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021524.
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The territory of present-day Ukraine is subdivided into some regions with specific demographic and politic history. Nevertheless, the corresponding subdivision in genetic structure is not revealed in previous investigations: populations of Ukrainians under study were genetically homogeneous on SNP markers of Y chromosome. In the current investigation we studied the Y-chromosomal genetic structure of Transcarpathia and Bukovina populations. Several factors exist to expect the genetic specificity of these populations. Both ones are placed in the Carpathian foothills, at the south-western border of the Ukrainian area. During the last millennium these territories were the parts of different states and were open for ethnically diverse migrations. It was revealed that the major Y chromosomal haplogroups in Transcarpathia population were R1a1a1*(М198), I2a (Р37.2), R1a1a1g (М458), E1b1b1a1 (M78). The major haplogroups in Bukovina population were I2a (Р37.2), R1a1a1*(М198), R1a1a1g (М458), R1b1b2 (М269), E1b1b1a1 (M78), I1 (М253). The Bukovina population differs from the typical Ukrainian population by higher frequency of I2a (Р37.2) and lower frequency of R1a1a1*(М198). Moreover, this is the only population among ones studied in Ukraine where the most frequent haplogroup is I2a (Р37.2) but not R1a1a1*(М198). Such a deviation can be caused by possible mixing with neighbouring southern groups, and Carpathian mountains were not a border for exchange in this case. Interestingly, the haplogroup N1c (M178) is not revealed in Transcarpathia at all, obviously due to the mountain barrier. It was revealed by principal component analysis that Ukrainians from Transcarpathia and Bukovina despite some specific peculiarities are more similar to other Ukrainian populations than to the surrounding ethnic groups such as Poles, Slovaks, Hungarians, Romanians, Moldavians and Gagauzes. Ukrainians of Transcarpathia and Bukovina form the entire genetic continuum with the whole Ukraine on maps of gene distances, confirming the homogeneity of Ukrainian parental gene pool and it’s differentiation from other groups. After performing the analysis of Y-haplogroup spatial distribution, it is supposed that the northern ridges ofCarpathian mountainsare the East-European barrier decreasing the gene flow. It decreases the spreading of haplogroups N1c (М178) and R1a (М198) southward and movement of E1b (М78), R1b (М269), J (М304) and G (М201) northward.
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Domokos, Mária. "Hungarian Folk Music from Moldavia and Bukovina." Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 44, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/smus.44.2003.1-2.12.
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Dariichuk, S. "European trends in the development of physical education and sports and their impact on the inhabitants of Bukovina (second half of the nineteenth - early twentieth century.)." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 9(140) (September 30, 2021): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.9(140).10.
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Highlighted and analyzed European trends in physical education and sports and their impact on the inhabitants of Bukovina. It is considered and proved that the theoretical and practical achievements of scientists and specialists-practitioners of Western European countries, the presence of separate gymnastic systems influenced the development of physical education and sports throughout Europe and, accordingly, in Bukovina. The intensification of activities in the direction of organizing physical culture and health activities and competitions and the development of organizational forms of modern sports life - sports clubs, sections and sports associations (federations, associations, unions) as another trend that influenced the development of physical education of children and youth. Bukovina of the early twentieth century. It is proved that the presence of theoretical and methodological principles of physical education, the formation of national gymnastic systems, including school, their spread in different European countries; restoration and genesis of the Olympic movement, the formation of sport as a social phenomenon and the development of organizational forms of modern sports life - federations, associations, unions; the emergence of professional sports publications are distinguished by European trends that influenced the development of physical education of the population of the region.
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Surovtsev, Oleg. "Jews of Bukovina during the Second World War through the prism of printed materials of the newspaper "Bukovina"." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine, no. 2 (February 23, 2017): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.2.2017.40.
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Sorokman, T. V., M. I. Bachu, and M. G. Gingulyak. "The state of iodine supply of prepubertal children living in the Northern Bukovina." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) 16, no. 8 (April 6, 2021): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.16.8.2020.222893.
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Background. In Bukovina, depending on climatic and geographical zones, there is a mild and moderate degree of iodine deficiency. Assessment of urinary inorganic iodine excretion allows monitoring of the epidemiological situation regarding the severity of iodine deficiency in the region. The purpose was to assess the indicators of ioduria in prepubertal children living in the Northern Bukovina (Chernivtsi region). Materials and methods. As part of a 20-cluster analysis of the prevalence of goiter among the pediatric population of Chernivtsi region, 1,973 children aged 7 to 12 years were examined and the concentration of inorganic iodine in a single portion of urine was determined in 197 children. The obtained results were processed by the method of statistical variation and correlation analysis. Results. Manual palpation examination showed a significant incidence of goiter among children in Bukovina — 17.6 %. Thyromegaly among children of the reference group occurred in 15.1 % of cases. The median ioduria in the examined population is generally 60.4 μg/l. The average prevalence of iodine deficiency was 59.70 ± 1.82 %, the incidence of severe iodine deficiency did not exceed 5.22 ± 1.30 %. Analyzing the degree of iodine supply of children depending on the geographical areas of residence, we conclude that children living in the plains and children from Chernivtsi have mild iodine deficiency (median ioduria is 72.2 and 70.4 μg/l, respectively), and children from mountainous areas — moderate iodine deficiency (median ioduria is 42.9 μg/l). The average prevalence of iodine deficiency was 59.70 ± 1.82 %, and excessive iodine in the urine — 18.70 ± 2.49 %. Moreover, the incidence of severe iodine deficiency did not exceed 5.22 ± 1.30 %. Conclusions. In most children living in Northern Bukovina, the median ioduria is reduced. In 18.7 % of children, the iodine content is more than 300 μg/l, which requires further monitoring.
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Balukh, Oleksii. "PRECONDITIONS AND COURSE OF THE MOLDAVIAN CAMPAIGN OF SULEIMAN KANUNI IN 1538 AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE BORDER POSITION OF BUKOVYNA." Chornomors’ka Mynuvshyna, no. 16 (December 24, 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2519-2523.2021.16.245732.
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The territory in Upper Suceava, Siret, Upper Popruttia and Middle Podnistrovya (Bukovyna) played an important part in international relations due to transcontinental trade routes connecting the north of Western Europe and the Black Sea. Moreover, it was a confluence of political and economic interests of current major countries of Central and Eastern Europe, mostly Poland and later Ottoman Empire which had been competing for the hegemony in the region and craved to be decisive in its history. During 1530, the Ottoman Empire and Poland wanted to extend their power to Moldavia and to Bukovina. The reason for this was that the region was at the forefront of the struggle between both countries. Frontier conflicts between Poland and Moldavia lasted until 1538 when Turkish sultan and Polish king arranged Tartar Horde to capture Moldavian lands and Polish troops which surrounded Khotyn fortress forced Petru Rares make a vassal oath to Zygmunt I. Still it did not help preserve Moldavian sovereignty as Turkish sultan occupied Suceava due to Moldavian boyars betrayal, while Petru Rares was compelled to escape to Transylvania. Thus, Moldavia and the territory of Bukovyna went over to Ottoman Empire, which had negative consequences on the situation of the local people, restricting its agricultural and demographic development. The borders of Bukovyna became, therefore, the borders of Ottoman Empire. Besides, eastern part of Bukovyna (with the centre in Khotyn) was subordinate to Turkish administration which created an important defense point that often became the location for battles in coming years. Thus, after the Moldavian state became dependent on the Ottoman state in 1538, the situation in Bukovynian lands deteriorated significantly. The consequence of this was that from the end of the XVI – the beginning of the XVII century Bukovyna was the object of military-political competition, and power over the region passed from hand to hand.
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Stambrook, Fred. "National and Other Identities in Bukovina in Late Austrian Times." Austrian History Yearbook 35 (January 2004): 185–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800020981.
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Many years ago, Arthur J. May wrote, “Only the Bucovina provided a patch of blue in the beclouded nationality sky of Austria.” Without going into the comparative aspect of this assertion, the object of this study is to ascertain to what extent May's statement correctly reflects the complex relationships of the ethnoculrural or national groups in Bukovina. How blue was the sky really?Acquired by Austria in 1774–75, Bukovina prior to 1918 was a small Crownland in the northeastern corner of the Austrian Empire. It bordered on Hungary, Romania, the Russian Empire, and the Austrian province of Galicia. Its area was about 410,000 square kilometers, and its population in 1910 was just over 800,000. Some of the land was rolling and fairly fertile countryside, especially in the north and east, merging into the foothills that in turn gave way to the Carpathian Mountains in the south and west. Much of Bukovina was forested. The estates of the large landowners, sometimes with a palace or large manor house, stood in glaring contrast to the small landholdings of the peasantry and their cramped housing. The capital, Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), with a population in 1910 of around 87,000, was the only sizable city.
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Solonari, Vladimir. "From Silence to Justification?: Moldovan Historians on the Holocaust of Bessarabian and Transnistrian Jews." Nationalities Papers 30, no. 3 (September 2002): 435–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0090599022000011705.
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The Holocaust was one of the major experiences of the populations, both Jewish and non-Jewish, of those European countries that were either part of the Axis or occupied by Nazi Germany. This was certainly the case for the inhabitants of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and Transnistria. These regions remained under Romanian administration from June/July 1941 to spring/summer 1944. The Soviets had seized Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina from Romania in June 1940 under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. These territories were then reoccupied (“liberated”) by the Romanian and German armies after the German attack against the Soviet Union in June 1941. From 1941 to 1944 they were Romanian provinces ruled by separate highly centralized administrations. Transnistria (meaning literally “territory across the Dniester” in Romanian), which lies between the Dniester and Bug rivers, though never formally incorporated into Romania, was ruled by the Romanians during this period under the agreement with Hitler. Romanian authorities deported practically all Jews from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to Transnistria, accusing them of both treason and collaboration with the Soviets in 1940–1941 during the Soviet occupation and hostility towards the Romanian state in general. Some Roma, together with other “hostile elements” from other Romanian provinces, were also deported to Transnistria.
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Stryamets, Nataliya, Giulia Mattalia, Andrea Pieroni, Ihor Khomyn, and Renata Sõukand. "Dining Tables Divided by a Border: The Effect of Socio-Political Scenarios on Local Ecological Knowledge of Romanians Living in Ukrainian and Romanian Bukovina." Foods 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10010126.
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Local cuisine is an important reservoir of local ecological knowledge shaped by a variety of socio-cultural, economic, and ecological factors. The aim was to document and compare the current use of wild and semi-cultivated plant food taxa by Romanians living in Romania and Ukraine. These two groups share similar ecological conditions and historically belonged to the same province, but were divided in the 1940s by the creation of a state border. We conducted 60 semi-structured interviews with rural residents. The contemporary use of 46 taxa (plus 5 cultivated taxa with uncommon uses), belonging to 20 families, for food consumption were recorded. Romanians in Romanian Bukovina used 27 taxa belonging to 15 families, while in Ukraine they used 40 taxa belonging to 18 families. Jams, sarmale, homemade beer, and the homemade alcoholic drink “socată” are used more by Romanians in Southern Bukovina, while tea, soups, and birch sap are used more in Northern Bukovina. We discuss the strong influence of socio-political scenarios on the use of wild food plants. Cross-ethnic marriages, as well as markets and women’s networks, i.e., “neighbors do so”, may have had a great impact on changes in wild food use. In addition, rapid changes in lifestyle (open work market and social migration) are other explanations for the abandonment of wild edible plants.
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Stryamets, Nataliya, Giulia Mattalia, Andrea Pieroni, Ihor Khomyn, and Renata Sõukand. "Dining Tables Divided by a Border: The Effect of Socio-Political Scenarios on Local Ecological Knowledge of Romanians Living in Ukrainian and Romanian Bukovina." Foods 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10010126.
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Local cuisine is an important reservoir of local ecological knowledge shaped by a variety of socio-cultural, economic, and ecological factors. The aim was to document and compare the current use of wild and semi-cultivated plant food taxa by Romanians living in Romania and Ukraine. These two groups share similar ecological conditions and historically belonged to the same province, but were divided in the 1940s by the creation of a state border. We conducted 60 semi-structured interviews with rural residents. The contemporary use of 46 taxa (plus 5 cultivated taxa with uncommon uses), belonging to 20 families, for food consumption were recorded. Romanians in Romanian Bukovina used 27 taxa belonging to 15 families, while in Ukraine they used 40 taxa belonging to 18 families. Jams, sarmale, homemade beer, and the homemade alcoholic drink “socată” are used more by Romanians in Southern Bukovina, while tea, soups, and birch sap are used more in Northern Bukovina. We discuss the strong influence of socio-political scenarios on the use of wild food plants. Cross-ethnic marriages, as well as markets and women’s networks, i.e., “neighbors do so”, may have had a great impact on changes in wild food use. In addition, rapid changes in lifestyle (open work market and social migration) are other explanations for the abandonment of wild edible plants.
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Figura, L. A. "GOLD MINERALIZATION OF RUDACEOUS ROCK POKUTSKO-BUKOVINA CARPATHIANS." Collection of Scientific Works of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine 7 (March 18, 2014): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30836/igs.2522-9753.2014.146872.
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Kojolianko, George. "Ethnographic museum of the northern part of Bukovina." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine, no. 1 (April 24, 2014): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.1.2014.12.
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Kalynka, А. K., І. І. Saranchuk, K. М. Melenko, and L. V. Kazmiruk. "Productivity of a new population of Bukovina breed group of Ukrainian red – spotted dairy cattle in the Carpathian region of Bukovina." Taurian Scientific Herald, no. 120 (2021): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32851/2226-0099.2021.120.27.
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Ciuciura, Theodore B. "Romanian Views on Bessarabia and Bukovina: A Ukrainian Perspective." Nationalities Papers 13, no. 1 (1985): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905998508408013.
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Nicholas Dima, Bessarabia and Bukovina: The Soviet-Romanian Territorial Dispute. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 1982. v, 173 pp. Distributed by Columbia University Press. Maria Manoliu-Manea, ed., The Tragic Plight of a Border Area: Bessarabia and Bucovina. American Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences. Humboldt State University Press, 1983. xii, 280 pp.Here are two good books providing detailed information on Bessarabia, until 1918 a province of the Russian Empire, and, to a lesser extent, on Bukovina, once a province within the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary. They include useful theoretical though somewhat debatable considerations on the history and ethnic nature of both regions. They come to proper conclusions which seem amply justified by the data and analysis which preceded them. However, both books are inadequately edited, especially the second one, and include a few statements either based on superficial generalizations or even tinted with disturbing — though perhaps unconscious — ethnocentrism.
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Borzęcka, Monika. "Kilka słów na marginesie Dziennika z getta Miriam Korber-Bercovici." Studia Judaica, no. 2 (46) (2021): 405–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/10.4467/24500100stj.20.020.13663.
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A Few Words on the Margin of the Diary Written in the Djurin Ghetto by Miriam Korber-Bercovici The purpose of the article is to present fragments of the diary of Miriam Korber-Bercovici, a young Jewish woman deported with her whole family from Southern Bukovina to the Transnistria Governorate under the Antonescu regime. The excerpts translated from the original Romanian into Polish mainly concern the author’s experiences of deportation and everyday life in the Djurin ghetto. They were selected in order to acquaint Polish readers with the situation of the Jews of Bukovina and Bessarabia displaced to the Transnistria Governorate during World War II. The diary was first published in Romania in 1995 as Jurnal de ghetou. The presented translation is based on the second edition of the diary published in 2017 by Curtea Veche Publishing House and Elie Wiesel National Institute for Studying the Holocaust in Romania.
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Pogodin, Alexander Lvovich. "The Russian Tribe in Austria-Hungary. Galicia. Bukovina. Hungary." Biblioteka zhurnala «Rusin», no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 26–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23451734/11/3.
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Korzhyk, V. P. "THE ROADS OF MILITARY EVENTS: BUKOVINA, XIV—XVIII CENTURIES." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 26, no. 1 (March 25, 2018): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.01.16.
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The presence of communication, their density, quality, parameters to a large extent determine the strategy, logistics, tactics and overall success of military conflict resolution. On the territory of Bukovina, which is marked by an intensely dissected topography and a high degree of afforestation, the road network adapted to these difficult conditions. It played a decisive role in the implementation of the historical-geographical process in its belligerative format. From this position military conflicts signifying for Bukovyna were analyzed.
The battle in the Kozmin forest (October 1497) between Poland (Jan Olbright) and Moldova (Stefan the Great) (Chernivtsi region, Glybotsky district) is very interesting for military history. Due to the high level of forestness of the territory and a small number of roads, the battle took place along the main road at a distance of 20—22 km. For those times it became a unique phenomenon. The tactics of the forest ambush allowed a much smaller Moldovian army (a maximum of 16—17 thousand people) to achieve significant success in a short time.
Was destroyed more than half of the living force of the enemy, captured several thousand Poles, seized all the siege technology, artillery, column, carriage of the king. As a result, from 50—60 thousand Polish troops returned home only a dozen of personal guards of the king.
In October 1685, fighting near the villages of Boyany — Raranche (Novoselytsya district) took place between the troops of the Polish crown hetman Jan Jablonowski (30000 soldiers) and the Turkish-Tatar-Moldovian coalition (about 140 thousand soldiers). The commander, who was pressed to the forested hills of Khotyn highland, had to look for ways to retreat by forest roads. Due to their small quantity and poor condition, carrying out rearguard battles, he managed to save the army from defeat. The author supposed 3 options for choosing a retreat path. Now is necessary to determine the actual road with additional research using a metal detector.
In November 1691, near the village of Ropcha (Storozhynets district), after leaving Moldova, the army of Jan Sobieski, on the only one old transit route here, fell on a three-day snow storm. Non combat losses was more than 50 % soldiers, 100 % ammunition, artillery, many horses and carts. The reason is in a small number of dwellings near this road and in the absence of feed.
In 1739, during the Russo-Turkish War, the Russian army under General von Münnich in the territory of the Khotyn Hill unexpectedly and illogically used the difficult path for maneuvering across forests between the villages Zhuchka and Raranche. As a result of the two subsequent battles, the Turkish Army was broken up.
Thus, the historical geographic analysis on the principle of reflection gives the excellent opportunity to identify the nature and course of military events, exploring the network of ancient routes.
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Yaremchuk, I., and O. Yaremchuk. "Headache among medical students in Bukovina Region of Ukraine." Porto Biomedical Journal 2, no. 5 (September 2017): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbj.2017.07.137.
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Marenče, Jurij, Dominika Gornik Bučar, and Bogdan Šega. "Bukovina - povezave med kakovostjo dreves, hlodovine in žaganega lesa." Acta Silvae et Ligni 111 (2016): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20315/asetl.111.4.
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Moysey, Antoniy. "The rite of Malanka is its origin, mutual influences and modernity." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine 30, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.2.2021.273.
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The article considers the area of distribution of the Malanka rite on the territory of Ukraine, Romania and the Republic of Moldova, focuses on its existence in Bukovina. The essence and results of research are to determine the original sources of origin. A comparative analysis of its existence in neighboring nations: Ukrainians, Romanians and Moldovans, fix common and distinctive features, mutual borrowings in past and nowadays. The purpose of this investigation is to clarify the main parameters of the changes made today in the rite on the example of the village of Krasnoilsk in Bukovina. The methodology is based on the analysis of source materials and own field of research. The method of comparative analysis helps in comparing the rite Malanka of Ukrainians and Romanians in Bukovina, and the methods of analysis and synthesis provide researcher in determining the parameters of changes in the elements of Malanka. Scientific novelty. For the first time is made a comparison with the current state of existence of the rite Malanka. Conclusions. The existence of the Malanka rite in the Bukovynian ethnographic zone is only a part of the huge area of its distribution, which is a marginal space in the zone of ethnocultural contacts and the interethnic border of Ukrainians and Eastern Romans. Conservation of the rite was facilitated by remoteness and isolation from the main area of their ethnic group. And today the evolution of this ancient ritual action takes place under great pressure of modern social processes. In the rite of “pereberiya” that accompanies Malanka as an organic element, dominates modern reality figures and historical characters as well.
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Наливаева, Е. Н. "The Truth is Out There: “Songs of Bukovina” by Leonid Desyatnikov as a Neoromantic Cycle." OPERA MUSICOLOGICA, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26156/om.2021.13.2.003.
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«Буковинские песни» Леонида Десятникова, написанные в 2017 году и вдохновленные фольклорными напевами,—продолжение традиции циклов прелюдий для фортепиано, заложенной в эпоху романтизма и активно развитой в дальнейшем. В статье делается попытка осмыслить сочинение как образец нео романтизма, констатировать неразрывную связь с прошлым, параллельно затраги вая особенности работы композитора с материалом. Большое внимание уделяется романтической идее синтеза: «Буковинским песням» свойственно сочетание несо четаемого, органичное соединение непохожего, разнопланового. Именно поэтому, анализируя цикл, автор статьи оперирует словами с приставкой «поли-»: поли форма, политоникальность, полиопорность, полиладовость, полигармония, поли метрия, полиритмия, политональность (ключевое «поли-» для самого Десятнико ва)—обобщающим для всех этих терминов становится понятие полисистемы. В буклете к диску «Буковинских песен» поэт Мария Степанова предпринимает «Двенадцать попыток заговорить» о фортепианных прелюдиях Десятникова. Дан ная статья, в сущности, представляет собою тринадцатую, музыкантскую и музы коведческую, попытку начать разговор о цикле. Подробный потактовый анализ «Буковинских песен» не входит в задачи этой работы; перед автором, скорее, стоит цель показать ведущий принцип организации материала в рассматриваемом сочи нении. Наиболее детально анализируются Прелюдии I, II, XIII, XV, XIX. Leonid Desyatnikov’s “Songs of Bukovina” written in 2017 inspired by folk chants is a continuation of piano prelude tradition founded in the age of romanticism and actively developed later. This article is an attempt to comprehend Desyatnikov’s work as an example of neoromanticism, to find the inextricable connection to the past all while looking at distingushing features of the composer's way of working over the material. Special attention here is paid to the romantic idea of synthesis. “Songs of Bukovina” is a combination of uncombinable, an organic conjunction of dissimilar, different. That's why in this article the author often uses words that begin with the prefix “poly-”, such as polyform, polytonicality, polymodality, polyharmony, polyrhythm, polytonality (the most important word to Desyatnikov himself) etc., which are hyponyms to the term of polysystem. In the Booklet to “Songs of Bukovina” CD, poet Maria Stepanova makes “Twelve attempts to start speaking” of Desyatnikov’s piano preludes. This article is, in fact, yet another, 13th attempt made by a musician to speak of this cycle. The goal of this work is not to provide a bar by bar analysis of the “Songs of Bukovina” but to show the main principle according to which the material is organized. The author will take the closest look at Preludes I, II, XIII, XV, XIX.
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Mariuts, I. "EDUCATIONAL SPHERE SPECIALISTS PREPARATION ON THE EXAMPLEOF MULTIDIMENSIONAL E DUCATIONAL AND ENLIGHTENMENT ACTIVITIES OF SIDOR VOROBKEVICH." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Pedagogy, no. 1 (9) (2019): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-3699.2019.9.08.
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The article presents the study of Sidor Vorobkevych educational activities in the multicultural environment of Austrian Bukovina. Under such conditions, study of the creativity and activity of such a multidimensional and multicultural personality as Sidor Vorobkevich is especially topical. After all, he lived and worked at such time and territory when the agreement was reached between people of different ethnic groups, different cultures, values, religion. Conducted parallel with the modern tasks of education and society development and proposed their solution on the example of S. Vorobkevich's activities, such as modern historians consider Austrian Bukovina like a kind of prototype of the European Union. In Soviet times, his name and works were either completely ignored or interpreted pre-conceived. It was inadmissible that he had a sacerdotal rite and teaching in theological seminary and theological faculty of Chernivtsy University, what contradicts to communists ideology. His pedagogical work started in theological seminary, real school, gymnasium and dascalia (deacon school) in Chernivtsi, where he had up to 40 training hours per week. Having entered the post of teacher of music and singing of the theological seminary, S. Vorobkevich encountered a number of problems that required an urgent solution like absence of any teaching and methodological base – textbooks on musical literacy and solfeggio, didactic instructions for teaching singing, a collection of songs for the school repertoire. The young teacher starts solving the situation on his own. He had to create everything in the process of work. Slowly he wrote plenty of manuals for studying music and languages (he wrote in Ukrainian, Romanian, German). His manuals were used not only in Bukovina and in Ukraine, but also far beyond its borders. In the article we conduct the parallel with the image of modern teacher – tolerant, creative, developed, multidimensional person, as teacher should be.
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Gnydka, Mykhailo. "Greco-Eastern religious fund as the founder of education in Bukovina." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 70 (May 28, 2014): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2014.70.418.
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Considering the period of the fund's activities, namely the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 20th century, one should pay attention to the state of education of Bukovina before the foundation, in particular, in the pre-Austrian period. The situation with education here was not the best, but on the contrary - she was in an abandoned state. At that time the church was engaged in school, and therefore the focus was on religious education. The first schools in the country were founded at the Putna monastery and in the region of Suceava and Radovtsy. If the boyars wanted to give their sons a higher education, they were forced to send them to Ukrainian schools in Lviv or Kiev, and whether in the capital of Western European countries - Vienna or Paris. It follows that the majority of the population, which remained outside the spiritual state or origin not from the boyars, remained illiterate, but in decades and was completely ignorant. This situation with education in the region was until the annexation of Bukovina by the Austrian Empire in 1774
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Guivaniuk, Mykola. "Ukrainian Literary Intelligentsia of Galicia and Bukovyna in Relations with the «Prosvita» (the end of the Nineteenth and the beginning of the Twentieth Century)." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 2, no. 46 (December 20, 2017): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2017.46.19-25.
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The article proves that the cooperation of the Ukrainian writers of Galicia and Bukovina with «Prosvita» made it possible for them to be better disclosed - while combining their literary talent and educational and organizational work among the population.
In general, the collaboration of the writers with «Prosvita» took place in two directions - by publishing their works in the publications of the company and directly participating in the organization of the activities of its affiliates.
It is noted that from well-known writers honorary members of «Prosvita» were M.Ustijanovich, M.Hrushevsky, K.Levytsky and I.Franko.
Since the Prosvita Society was influenced by the national ideology, then, first of all, the representatives or sympathizers of this movement were grouped in the Ukrainian national movement.
Outside of Lviv, writers were somewhat more comfortable to work with local «Prosvita» affiliates. This was due to the lesser influence of representatives of the main branch of the society in Lviv, which gave the local heads of affiliates and readers of «Prosvita» greater freedom of action.
Keywords: «Prosvita», Galicia, Bukovina, Ukrainian writers
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Myklush, S. І., V. V. Slyzhuk, and Yu S. Myklush. "SILVICULTURAL AND INVENTORY INDICES OF LOWLAND BEECH STANDS OF BUKOVINA." Scientific Bulletin of UNFU 26, no. 7 (October 27, 2016): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/40260701.
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Shyliuk, O. I. "Bukovina: Authors, Journals, Research Issues (Scientometric Analysis on WoS Basis)." UNIVERSITY LIBRARY AT A NEW STAGE OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATIONS DEVELOPMENT. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, no. 4 (December 16, 2019): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/unilib/2019_187074.
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Tomniuk, L. M., and A. M. Pavliuk. "PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATING BUKOVINA POETRY FROM GERMAN INTO UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Philology. Social Communications 3, no. 2 (2020): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-6069/2020.2-3/19.
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Leustean, Lucian N. "Eastern Orthodoxy and national indifference in Habsburg Bukovina, 1774-1873." Nations and Nationalism 24, no. 4 (April 26, 2018): 1117–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nana.12415.
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Chuchko, M. K. "METROPOLIS OF BUKOVINA OF THE ROMANIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (INTERWAR PERIOD)." Rusin, no. 57 (2019): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/57/9.
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