Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-"

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Makarov, Dmitrii K. "BULGARIA IN WORLD WAR I. BULGARIA’S NATIONAL HISTORIOGRAPH." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Political Sciences. History. International Relations 4, no. 2 (2023): 170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6339-2023-4-170-181.

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Over a hundred years after the end of the First World War, it is still not a popular topic in Bulgarian historiography, despite the serious impact of that conflict on the political, socio-economic, and ideological development of Bulgaria. In the article, the author analyzes how the foreign policy context influenced the study of the First World War in Bulgaria. Three stages in the development of Bulgarian historiography were singled out. In the interwar period (1919–1939), the focus was on studying the fighting of the Bulgarian army and identifying those involved in the defeat of Bulgaria in th
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Minkov, Zhivko. "The Non-European Nature of the Bulgarian Socio-Economic Model." English Studies at NBU 8, no. 2 (2022): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.22.2.6.

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The article looks at the contemporary socio-economic model in Bulgaria arguing that it does not correspond to the broad European tradition of being sensitive to the presence of significant social imbalances in the society. The author insists that this is one of the primary factors for the controversial economic outcomes and the existence of deepening social problems in the country. The argumentation goes through evaluation of the formation process of the new socio-economic model in Bulgaria after 1989 and the assessment of the economic and social outcomes for the period until 2022. On this bas
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KERANOV, Dimitar. "A New Look At Bulgarian-South African Economic Relations." INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS, BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT 1, no. 1 (2024): 74–80. https://doi.org/10.56065/icebm2024.74.

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Bulgaria realigned its foreign policy following the demise of communism in 1989. That year marked the end of 45 years of one-party dictatorship under the Bulgarian communist party (BKP) and Todor Zhivkov’s rule. As the country held its first democratic elections, the world was changing – communist dictatorships were falling like dominos in all of Eastern Europe, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Cold War were soon to be history as well. Significant changes were also occurring outside of Eastern Europe – in Latin America and Africa. Particularly in South Africa, the apartheid dict
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Shanduorkov, George. "Terrorism in Bulgaria." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 2 (2003): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000145.

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AbstractThe Republic of Bulgaria is one of the smallest countries in southeastern Europe and has little experience with terrorist acts. During the past 20 years, only nine terrorism-related events have been recorded in Bulgaria, and no unconventional weapons have been used. Factors contributing to terrorism in Bulgaria have been: (1) Communist Party domination of the government and political process from 1944 to 1989; (2) ethnic and religious conflicts between the Bulgarian Orthodox Christian majority and the Turkish Muslim minority from 1983 to 1987; and (3) the relatively high level of organ
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Shanduorkov, George. "Terrorism in Bulgaria." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 2 (2003): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000789.

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AbstractThe Republic of Bulgaria is one of the smallest countries in southeastern Europe and has little experience with terrorist acts. During the past 20 years, only nine terrorism-related events have been recorded in Bulgaria, and no unconventional weapons have been used. Factors contributing to terrorism in Bulgaria have been: (1) Communist Party domination of the government and political process from 1944 to 1989; (2) ethnic and religious conflicts between the Bulgarian Orthodox Christian majority and the Turkish Muslim minority from 1983 to 1987; and (3) the relatively high level of organ
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STOENCHEVA, Tsvetka. "The regional policy of Bulgaria and the European city." Smart Cities and Regional Development (SCRD) Journal 5, no. 1 (2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25019/scrd.v5i1.91.

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The present article aims at presenting the types of regional policy and through their comprehensive implementation to contribute to improving the living standard of the people. Regional policy in Bulgaria has its own peculiarities. They are the result of changes in the country's economic system in 1989. The institutions, economic and financial instruments for conducting an effective and efficient regional policy are indicated. The implementation of all types of regional policy are a prerequisite for the development of settlements and of cities in modern European in particular. Big cities are a
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Ganev, Georgy. "Where Has Marxism Gone? Gauging the Impact of Alternative Ideas in Transition Bulgaria." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 19, no. 3 (2005): 443–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325405275057.

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Marxism dominated in Bulgaria for more than forty years until 1989 and then completely vanished from the public discourse within several years. Where has it gone? The present article addresses this question by noting that even if they are out of the public discourse, remnants of the previously dominant set of ideas should still be found in people’s thinking. It illustrates this general argument by outlining how the survival into post-communism of a pillar of Marxist economic theory—the labor theory of value—can explain several significant discrepancies between facts and perceptions, called the
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Debardeleben, Joan T. "Esoteric Policy Debate: Nuclear Safety Issues in the Soviet Union and German Democratic Republic." British Journal of Political Science 15, no. 2 (1985): 227–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004178.

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At a time when the nuclear power industry in many Western countries faces political and economic obstacles to expansion, commitment to assertive development of nuclear power continues to intensify in the Soviet Union, as well as in most East European countries. Although in 1980 nuclear power provided only about 5·1 per cent of electrical generating capacity in the Soviet Union, the 11th Five Year Plan (1981–85) projected an increase to 14 per cent, or to approximately 38,000 MW (megawatts) of installed capacity. Although longer-run projections are less definite, it appears that by 1990 authori
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Mariia, Heorhiieva. "State policy in the field of ensuring employment in the agricultural sector of the Bulgarian economy (1989–2007)." European Historical Studies, no. 22 (2022): 51–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2022.22.3.

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Ensuring the stable socio-economic development of Bulgaria, improving the demographic and infrastructural situation of rural areas and the well-being of villagers are possible primarily under the condition of increasing employment of the rural population level. However, the significant mismatch between the demand and supply of the agricultural labor market, and the lack of competitiveness of agricultural products in most of its sales markets, had a negative impact, first of all, on the efficiency of the use of labor and the differentiation of its activities in the agricultural sphere. Thus, th
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Spirova, Maria. "The Bulgarian Socialist Party: The long road to Europe." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 41, no. 4 (2008): 481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2008.09.005.

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The article provides an analysis of the evolution of the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) from a Marxist party in the late 1980s into a European socialist party by the early 2000s. The BSP dominance of the political process in Bulgaria during the early and mid-1990s can be attributed, this article argues, to several factors: the nature of the old regime, the absence of any meaningful opposition before 1989 and its relative weakness during the transition period, the crucial role that the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) played in the transition to democracy, and the organizational continuity that
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-"

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Curtis, Patricia. "Problems of economic transition in the Balkans and EU foreign policy : a case study of Bulgaria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442806.

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Kim, Byung-Yeon. "Fiscal policy and consumer market : disequilibrium in the Soviet Union, 1965-1989." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319109.

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Perry, Geoffrey E. "Economic evaluation of active labour market policy in New Zealand 1989 to 1997." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/525.

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Active labour market programmes are an important component of government labour market policy internationally and in New Zealand. The growth in unemployment, and in particular male and long term unemployment, since the mid 1980's in New Zealand have contributed to the enhanced role of active labour market programmes in government policy. In the early 1990's the New Zealand government introduced a menu of interventions including subsidy, work experience and training programmes. Concomitant with this development has been increased pressure from political, business and social groups to assess the
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Filipova, Rumena Valentinova. "The differential Europeanisation of Central and Eastern Europe, 1989-2000 : a constructivist study of the foreign policy identities of Poland, Bulgaria and Russia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:430c07fc-8979-4ce0-9340-f20ac9c3c30a.

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The thesis addresses the puzzle of the differential integration of former communist states in the Euro-Atlantic community of nations between 1989 and 2000. Notwithstanding the predominant universalist-rationalist assumption that the adoption of an institutional-administrative blueprint for reform could lead to convergence between East and West, countries such as Poland, Bulgaria and Russia did not converge similarly (or at all) on the West European normative model and framework of international relations. To account for this divergence, the thesis examines the impact of the culturally-historic
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Lund, Camilla Elisabeth. "Changing perceptions of the national interest in economic and defence policy under Mitterrand, 1981-1989." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389842.

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Schulze, David A. "The politics of power : rural electrification in Alberta, 1920-1989." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55642.

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Liou, To-hai. "China between the two Koreas, 1984-1989 /." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33050933.html.

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Markova, Nora Konstantinova. "Addressing the issue of equity in health care provision during the transition period in Bulgaria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d9232e82-20fb-4087-a8e7-0aab500b1de3.

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The collapse of the communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989-1990 heralded the beginning of an economic transition from central planning to market economies. The subsequent period was marked by malfunctioning of these countries’ social sectors, including their health care systems, raising serious issues of equity. This thesis examines the impact of the transition period and the introduction of social insurance on equity in health care provision in Bulgaria. Equity in health care is investigated with respect to function - i.e. financing (according to ability to pay) and delivery
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Saito, Yukie. "The interplay between global finance and Japanese firms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9beb789-9066-49bd-a524-1ae8b4477349.

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This thesis explores the interplay between global finance and remote firms and institutions. It highlights the interactions between global institutional investors and Japanese firms on environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) standards, and the process of change in Japanese corporate governance practices. It focuses on analysing the responses of large Japanese firms with a high level of foreign ownership to global finance and global institutional investors' strategies for engagement. Japan provides an excellent research environment for the topic. It is geographically and culturall
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Oxenstierna, Maria Teresa Dorado Ortiz. "Redefining United States nuclear nonproliferation policy : balancing national security and economic interests in the post-cold war era (1989-1997)." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325037.

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Books on the topic "Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-"

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Dimitrov, Vent͡seslav. Bulgaria, economic development, 1987. Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Economic Information Dept., 1987.

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Dimitrov, Vent͡seslav. Bulgaria--economic development, 1988. Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Economic Information Dept., 1988.

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Todorov, Marin. Bulgaria, techno-scientific and socio-economic development, 1986-1990. Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Economic Information Dept., 1987.

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sŭvet, Sofia (Bulgaria) Stolichen naroden. Otchet za deĭnostta na Stolichnii͡a︡ naroden sŭvet prez 1987 godina, Sofii͡a︡, fevruari 1988 god. Stolichen nar. sŭvet, 1988.

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Varna Forum (2nd 1985 Varna, Bulgaria). Varna Forum II: East-West trade, status, and prospects, September 28th-29th, 1985, Varna, Bulgaria. Govt. of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, 1985.

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Kongres, Bŭlgarska komunisticheska partii͡a. Theses of the Thirteenth Congress of the Bulgarian Communist Party: On the work of the Party, on the social, economic, and cultural development of the People's Republic of Bulgaria during the ninth five-year plan period (1986-1990) and up to the year 2000. Sofia Press, 1986.

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Great Britain. Department for International Development., ed. Bulgaria. Department for International Development, 1999.

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Great Britain. Dept. for International Development., ed. Bulgaria. Dept. for International Development, 1999.

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Vent͡s︡islav, Antonov, ed. Economic transition in Bulgaria. Agency for Economic Coordination and Development, 1994.

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Mihov, Ilian. The economic transition in Bulgaria 1989-1999. INSEAD, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-"

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Pandolfini, Valeria, Borislava Petkova, and Thomas Verlage. "Youth Aspirations Towards the Future: Agency, Strategy and Life Choices in Different Structural Contexts." In Landscapes of Lifelong Learning Policies across Europe. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96454-2_4.

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AbstractThrough a comparative analysis of three case studies built on the intersection of three young adults’ trajectories and three LLL policies in Germany, Italy and Bulgaria, this chapter aims to explore the interplay between opportunity structures and subjective choices. We focus on the educational and professional dimensions, putting them in relation within the LLL policy young adults accessed with their aspirations, self-representations, the living conditions they face in the local context and the welfare (Esping-Andersen, The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
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Otova, Ildiko, and Evelina Staykova. "Post-1989 migration policy in Bulgaria on paper and in practice." In Migration and Populism in Bulgaria. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003161493-3.

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Shapek, Raymond A., Todor A. Tanev, and Albena G. Taneva. "Political, Social and Administrative Change in the Balkans: Bulgaria 1989-1998." In Administrative Reform and National Economic Development. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003576778-12.

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Brown, Kerry. "The Reform Era Foreign Policy Narrative: 1978 Onward." In Chinese Economic Statecraft from 1978 to 1989. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9217-8_14.

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Minami, Kazushi. "The Bottleneck of Reform: China’s Oil Policy in the 1980s." In Chinese Economic Statecraft from 1978 to 1989. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9217-8_10.

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Ignatova-Pfarr, Maria. "Social Protection for Farmers Under Socialism: The Case of Bulgaria." In Global Dynamics of Social Policy. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-87733-9_3.

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Abstract The imposition of socialism after World War II led to profound political and economic changes in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Following the Soviet model and in line with their egalitarian ideology, the socialist regimes in CEE implemented comprehensive social reforms to create universal social security systems. However, during the socialist period, the social security systems in CEE differed considerably in terms of their inclusiveness, especially with regard to the social protection of the rural population. This contribution explores the development of social security for farmer
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Szelewa, Dorota. "From Implicit to Explicit Familialism: Post-1989 Family Policy Reforms in Poland." In Gender and Family in European Economic Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41513-0_7.

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Szelewa, Dorota. "Erratum to: From Implicit to Explicit Familialism: Post-1989 Family Policy Reforms in Poland." In Gender and Family in European Economic Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41513-0_13.

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Tálas, Barna. "Formation and Announcement ot the Reform and Opening Policy (1978–1979)." In Economic Reforms and Political Attempts in China 1979–1989. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46749-3_3.

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Tálas, Barna. "Development of the Reform and Opening Policy in the Period of Readjustment (1979–1982)." In Economic Reforms and Political Attempts in China 1979–1989. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46749-3_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-"

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Nitcheva, Olga, Albena Vatralova, Donka Shopova, and Polya Dobreva. "INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF SEAWATER INTRUSION DYNAMICS IN THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA COAST OF BULGARIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/3.2/s14.24.

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Managing water deficits in coastal areas presents significant challenges amid current climate fluctuations. This study examines the hydrological and water management factors contributing to seawater intrusion along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Utilizing data from field monitoring and hydrological model simulations, the research highlights the anthropogenic impacts shaped by the structure and dynamics of water supply. Findings reveal that rainfall levels in the Bulgarian Black Sea coastal region are below the national average. Coupled with excessive groundwater extraction for domestic purpose
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Karluk, S. Rıdvan. "EU Enlargement to the Balkans: Membership Perspective to the Balkan Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01163.

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After the dispersion of the Soviet Union, the European Union embarked upon an intense relationship with the Central and Eastern European Countries. The transition into capital market and democratization of these countries had been supported by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs at the beginning of 1989 before the collapse of the Soviet Union System. The European Agreements were signed between the EU and Hungary, Poland, and Czechoslovakia on December 16th, 1991. 10 Central and Eastern Europe Countries became the members of the EU on May 1st, 2004. With the accession of Bulgaria and Romania into
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Atanasov, Dimo, Rositsa Beluhova-Uzunova, and Krum Hristov. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN BULGARIA." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.213.

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Regional disparities are the subject of various discussions in the EU Member - States. The aim of this study is, on the basis of analysis of main socio-economic indicators, to observe trends in the regional development of Bulgaria and to draw conclusions and recommendations associated with overcoming regional imbalances. The study indicates serious regional differences that affect the quality of life and do not correspond with the European Union approach of convergence and balanced and sustainable economic growth. In order to overcome these challenges, it is necessary to optimize the implement
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Petrov, Plamen. "AGRIBUSINESS IN BULGARIA - STATE AND PROBLEMS." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.76.

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With the end of the second programming period of Bulgaria's membership in the European Union and the harmonization of the national legislation with the directives establishing the common agricultural policy, the debate about changes and forthcoming strategic moves to put the business in the agricultural segment on the basis of dynamic, economically justified and technologically guaranteed progress is becoming more and more insistent. In the context of the conceptual scheme and in view of the new economic realities, the aim of the present study is to trace the place of the agrarian business in
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TODOROVA, Ana, and Diana ANTONOVA. "ASPECTS OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFICIENCY OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BULGARIA." In International Conference of Management and Industrial Engineering. Editura Niculescu, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56177/11icmie2023.58.

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This article examines problems of an institutional nature related to cor­porate social responsibility and the socialisation of labour. At the beginning of the third decade of the XXI century, the role of business in the public life of Bulgaria is increasing. As a result, its influence on the economic and social spheres is becoming more and more noticeable. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the possibilities and methods for state regulation of social responsibility, primarily from the point of view of the design of institutions related to corporate social activity and social invest­ments. O
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Poleganova, Dessislava, Desislava Varadzhakova, and Marina Raykova. "Spatial polarization and urban ghettoization of the Roma population in Bulgaria." In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cdr.v.2023.17.7.

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The current urban development in Europe faces many complex problems, mainly related to the deepening of socio-economic inequalities, spatial polarization and ghettoization, the increasing share of marginalized populations and those at risk of poverty, and school segregation. These issues are particularly acute in countries with a heterogeneous ethnic structure, and the Roma population has emerged as the most vulnerable group within Europe, particularly in Bulgaria. Roma ethnical group constituted 4.4% of the total Bulgarian population in 2021 and shows a high territorial concentration in sever
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Naumov, Nikola. "LOST IN TRANSITION? HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHIES OF WORLD HERITAGE AND TOURISM IN BULGARIA." In Book of Abstracts and Contributed Papers. Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijić" SASA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/csge5.51nn.

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The fall of socialism and the collapse of socialist regimes in 1989 mark a pivotal moment in global history. The fall of the Berlin Wall and the reformation of the Soviet Union led to significant changes to the global power dynamics and geopolitical landscape, including major economic and political changes, particularly for the former Eastern Bloc states. For many, this was the beginning of a long and uncertain period of “transition” defined by demands for political freedom, economic changes, democracy and integration with Western Europe. Although post-socialist economic and political changes
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Çetin, Meliha. "Cooperatives In Bulgaria In Transitional Periods." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02755.

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After gaining its independence, Bulgaria was ruled first by the Kingdom, and after the Second World War, by Communism. After 1990, it switched to democracy and capitalist economy. In these periods, how the cooperatives were implemented in Bulgaria was examined and the success situation was analyzed. In the planned economy of communism, agriculture passed to cooperatives completely under state control. Ownership of land and means of production is limited by the constitution. After 1990, there has been a radical restructuring in the agricultural sector. Collective farms were disbanded and proper
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Peneva, Mariya, and Yovka Bankova. "Drivers and Barriers to the Competitiveness of Rural Areas in Bulgaria." In 10th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31410/eraz.s.p.2024.23.

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Rural areas are diverse and they offer specific sets of economic, social, and environmental functions crucial for sustainable development of countries. Based on that, they compete for investments, tourists, and population, leading to regional imbalances. This study is about the multifaceted dynamics of rural competitiveness in Bulgaria, aiming to reveal its complex nature, the key drivers and the barriers to growth. The main goal is to examine the factors influencing the competitiveness of rural areas in Bulgaria in various dimensions. The mixed-methods approach for analysis is applied, and re
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Tsvyatkova, Daniela. "HEREDITARY FARMING: A SYNERGY PANEL IN THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.280.

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The use of the potential of the land and the natural resources of the new generations in the separate regions are the main prerequisite and basis for the development of a certain type of multifunctional agriculture. The process of continuity should be seen as a process and not as a one-off action or event. The aim of the study is to analyze the process of inheritance in agriculture, as a socio-economic method for ensuring the viability of rural areas. The analysis is based on empirical evidence - cases from family farms and young heirs in rural areas of Bulgaria. The transfer of farm managemen
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Reports on the topic "Bulgaria – Economic policy – 1989-"

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Spielauer, Martin, Elena Koytcheva, and Dora Kostova. First and second births in first and second unions: a decomposition of fertility decline in Bulgaria and Russia since the 1989 economic and political transition. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2007-001.

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Harangozó, Dániel. Serbia and the Russia–Ukraine War: Implications and Challenges II. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.65.

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The outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022 has had a marked effect on the Western Balkan region. Among the countries of this region, Serbia is in a unique situation due to its military neutrality, and the fact that it follows a balancing foreign policy between the Western powers on the one hand, and Russia, Turkey, and China on the other hand, also maintaining close political, economic, and security ties with the latter two powers. The second part of the paper continues to review the consequences and challenges of the war on Serbia by examining the energy domain. Russian exposure
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