Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bulgur

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bulgur'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 24 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bulgur"

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BALAKIAN, PETER. "BULGUR." Yale Review 107, no. 2 (2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tyr.2019.0105.

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BALAKIAN, PETER. "BULGUR." Yale Review 107, no. 2 (March 28, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/yrev.13480.

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Ertaş, Nilgün. "A comparision of industrial and homemade bulgur in Turkey in terms of physical, chemical and nutritional properties." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 23, no. 3 (2017): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq160112047e.

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Determination of functional and nutritional properties of bulgur is of paramount importance for the growth of healthy generations. In this study, physical, chemical, nutritional and sensorial qualities of bulgur produced at the industrial, homemade and laboratory scale in Turkey were determined and the results were compared. The ash content of bulgur samples was determined between 1.04 and 1.81%, the total protein contents of the samples were found between 11.90 and 14.47%. Evaluation of nutritional status of bulgur; the total phenolic contents value varied 449.82 to 1047.09 ?g/g, the phytic acid values were found between 422.14 and 1173.56 mg/100 g. The mineral contents of the samples were analyzed, and all the bulgur samples contained lower amounts of cadmium and lead than JECFA limits. Homemade bulgur samples had a more aromatic taste and smell than industrially produced bulgur samples, and also industrially produced bulgur samples had lighter color than homemade bulgur.
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Yousif, Saad Ibrahim, Mustafa Bayram, and Songul Kesen. "Characterization of Volatile Compounds of Bulgur (Antep Type) Produced from Durum Wheat." Journal of Food Quality 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8564086.

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Bulgur is enjoyed and rediscovered by many people as a stable food because of its color, flavor, aroma, texture, and nutritional and economical values. There is more than one type of bulgur overall the world according to production techniques and raw materials. The volatile compounds of bulgur have not been explored yet. In this study, Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GS-MS) methods were used to determine the volatile flavor compounds of bulgur (Antep type, produced from Durum wheat). Approaching studies were used and the results were optimized to determine the ideal conditions for the extraction and distinguish the compounds responsible for the flavor of bulgur. Approximately, 47 and 37 important volatile compounds were determined for Durum wheat and bulgur, respectively. The study showed that there was a great diversity of volatiles in bulgur produced using Durum wheat and Antep type production method. These can lead to a better understanding of the combination of compounds that give a unique flavor with more researches.
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Şahin, Tuba, Adem Arman, and Özkan Erdem. "Anadolu Mutfak Kültüründe Gastronomik Kimlik Unsuru Olarak Bulgur ve Bulgur Yemekleri." Turk Turizm Arastirmalari Dergisi 5, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 1961–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26677/tr1010.2021.829.

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Erbaş, Mustafa, Elif Aykın, Sultan Arslan, and Atike N. Durak. "Adsorption behaviour of bulgur." Food Chemistry 195 (March 2016): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.050.

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Tacer Caba, Zeynep, M. Hikmet Boyacioglu, and Dilek Boyacioglu. "Bioactive healthy components of bulgur." International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 63, no. 2 (December 2, 2011): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2011.639748.

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Kaplan Evlice, Asuman, and Hazım Özkaya. "Effects of wheat cultivar, cooking method, and bulgur type on nutritional quality characteristics of bulgur." Journal of Cereal Science 96 (November 2020): 103124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103124.

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Bayram, Mustafa, and Hüseyin Bozkurt. "The use of bulgur as a meat replacement: bulgur-sucuk (a vegetarian dry-fermented sausage)." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 87, no. 3 (2007): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2712.

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Ozgoz, Engin, O. Faruk Taser ., and Ebubekir Altuntas . "Some Physical Properties of Yarma Bulgur." Journal of Applied Sciences 5, no. 5 (April 15, 2005): 838–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2005.838.840.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bulgur"

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Kahyaoglu, Leyla Nesrin. "Usage Of Spouted Bed And Microwave Assisted Spouted Bed Dryers In Bulgur Production." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610856/index.pdf.

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The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of spouted bed and microwave assisted spouted bed drying on drying rates and quality parameters of bulgur. The drying experiments were performed at three air temperatures (50, 70, 90oC) and at two microwave powers (288 W, 624 W). Quality parameters were selected as bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity, internal porosity, microstructure analysis, and color for dried cooked wheat
yield and water absorption capacity for bulgur. The drying rate increased with air temperature and microwave power. Microwave assisted spouted bed drying at microwave power of 288W and 624 W reduced drying time by at least 60% and 85%, respectively compared to spouted bed drying. The effective moisture diffusivities of bulgur in the spouted bed and microwave assisted spouted bed drying were found to be 2.356x10-10 and 8.398x10-10 m2/s on the average, respectively. The effect of air temperature on product quality except color was not significant in spouted bed drying. Interior kernel porosity, sphericity and L* value of dried cooked wheat increased with air temperature and microwave power. Yield and water absorption capacity of bulgur tended to decrease as microwave power increased. According to SEM analysis, more porous structure was observed in wheat samples dried in microwave assisted spouted bed compared to air dried ones. In microwave assisted spouted bed drying, lower water absorption capacity, bulk density and apparent density, higher sphericity and lighter color were observed as compared to spouted bed drying.
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Tunaboyu, Ferihan. "Usage Of Solar-spouted Bed Drier In The Drying Of Parboiled Wheat, Corn And Pea." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612927/index.pdf.

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The main objective of this study was the application of solar energy for drying of parboiled wheat, corn and pea. Drying experiments were performed under open sun and also in the solar-spouted bed drier in which air heated by solar energy was used. The effects of these drying methods on drying rate and quality parameters were investigated for drying of parboiled wheat, corn and pea. The quality parameters evaluated were color, shrinkage, bulk density, apparent density, bulk and internal porosity, microstructure, pore size distribution, sphericity and rehydration ratio. For peas, ascorbic acid content was also measured. In solar-spouted bed drying, drying rates and effective diffusivity values for all samples were determined to be higher and therefore drying time was significantly lower as compared to open sun drying. Effective diffusivities were in the range of 0.30x10-10 m2/s - 0.65x10-10 m2/s for open sun and 1.35x10-10 m2/s - 3.65x10-10 m2/s for solar-spouted bed drying of different samples. In general, better quality parameters for solar-spouted bed dried samples were observed such as less shrinkage, higher rehydration capacities, more homogenous pore size distribution and higher ascorbic acid retention.
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Sophoulis, Pananos P. "A study of Byzantine-Bulgar relations, 775-816 AD." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416827.

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Bergström, Erika. "Buller i förskolans inomhusmiljö." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Mathematics, Natural and Computer Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4644.

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Syftet med studien är att belysa buller i förskolans pedagogiska inomhusmiljö och vilken inverkan det kan ha på barnen som vistas där, samt vilka åtgärder som kan vidtas för att få en god ljudmiljö. Som metod har en enkätundersökning och intervjuer med pedagoger utförts. Dessutom har förskolans inomhusmiljö med barn och vuxna observerats. Undersökningen visar att barn, vuxna, aktiviteter och leksaker skapar en bullrig miljö. Som en följd av detta buller upplever pedagogerna att barnen bli trötta och okoncentrerade, men också livliga och högljudda. För att motverka buller har vissa åtgärder utförts i arbetssätt och miljö, men pedagogerna upplever att bristande kunskap, tid och pengar hindrar dem i vidare arbete.

Trots att det finns lagar och rekommendationer återstår det mycket att göra för att skapa en god ljudmiljö för barnens fortsatta utveckling och lärande.

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Dahlström, Hannes, and Alexander Dyk-Strömberg. "Lätta väggar, högt buller." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44434.

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En av modern tids största miljöproblem anses vara buller. Bland annat kan nedsatt fysisk hälsaoch mental stress förekomma för människor som utsätts för bullerexponering. Ökande önskan om god akustisk miljö är idag i konflikt med att pågående urbanisering gör att vi utsätts för ökad bullerexponering i våra bostadsmiljöer. Urbaniseringen har lett till framställningen av en förordning som är fördelaktig för mer expansivt bostadsbyggande i bullerutsatta miljöer.Förordningen möjliggör byggnation vid högre trafikbullernivåer än tidigare tillåtet. Med avseende på tidigare kravnivåer har fasadväggar generellt ansetts ha mer än tillräcklig ljudisoleringsförmåga att klara trafikbullernivåerna. Till följd av nu gällande förordning är det nu inte lika entydigt att fasader med lättbyggnadsteknik har tillräckligt god ljudreduktionsförmåga. Av dessa anledningar är det aktuellt att studera hur bra fasader av lättbyggnadsteknik klarar att reducera bullret för att erfordra en kravställning på ekvivalentljudtrycksnivå inomhus som motsvarar ljudklass C eller B.Studien syftar till att undersöka om lättbyggnadsteknik är lämpligt i bullerutsatta områden som tillåts av dagens bullerkravställning. Målet är att erhålla en konstruktion i lättbyggnadsteknik som lämpas att byggas i denna höga bullerexponering. Frågeställningar ämnar att reda ut hur resultaten på väggarnas ljudisoleringsförmåga förhåller sig mellan de olika empiriska insamlingarna och dessutom hur de presterar gentemot dagens kravställningar.I rapporten genomförs akustiska fältmätningar av reduktionstalet (ljudisoleringen) enligt svenskstandard på tre fasadväggar av lättbyggnadsteknik. Fasadväggskonstruktionerna modelleras även i programvaran Insul 8 för att genom detta erhålla väggarnas beräknade reduktionstal. På en av fasadväggarna undersöks även det modellerade reduktionstalets variation följandemodifieringar av väggkonstruktionens uppbyggnad. Väggarna jämförs även med riktvärden förtre referensväggar redovisade i litteratur.Genom det teoretiska underlaget har resultaten från mätningarna, modelleringarna och litteratur-riktvärden utvärderats i förhållande till om de uppnår kravnivåer på ekvivalent ljudtryck inomhus. Resultaten för rådande fallundersökningar visar att alla undersökta väggar har erforderlig ljudreduktionsförmåga för att uppnå samhällets minimikrav (ljudklass C) då ljudreduktionen dimensioneras med väggen som dimensionerande fasadelement. Med avseende på fönster som dimensionerande fasadelement klarar två av sex väggar ej att uppnå inomhusnivåer för ljudklass C. Då kravnivåerna avser att upprätta en ännu bättre ljudmiljö (ljudklass B) än minimikraven så erhåller fyra av sex väggar denna erforderliga ljudisolering med vägg som dimensionerande element. För att uppnå ljudklass B då fönstrets ljudreduktion är dimensionerande så har en fältmätning, en referensvägg och två väggmodelleringar (utan modifieringar) erforderlig ljudisolering.Slutsatserna påvisar att ljudisoleringen är generellt sett erforderlig för väggarna i lättbyggnadsteknik, även i bullerutsatta områden som tillåts av dagens kravställning. Att kunnauppnå en god ljudmiljö (ljudklass B) avseende ekvivalent ljudtryck inomhus är däremot ej självklart då väggar i lättbyggnadsteknik byggs på bullerexponerad plats. Möjligheten att förbättra reduktionstalet är möjligt och tillämpbart genom att öka massan eller minska styvheten på väggen om reduktionstal är undermåliga.
This thesis evaluates whether walls with light-frame construction are suitable to build in areas with high sound pressure levels, allowed by Sweden’s law regarding loud traffic noise nearbuildings. Previous consensus has been that exterior walls have sufficient sound insulation,regarding sound pressure levels by the residence-façade generated from traffic noise, to achieverequired indoor sound pressure levels. Due to the ongoing urbanization in Sweden, a law haspassed that increased the allowed levels of equivalent sound pressure by a residence-façade. Therefore, it has become relevant to examine if light-frame construction façades really do have sufficient sound insulation.In the study, field measurements are made on three façade walls to determine their noise reduction properties. The values from the measurements are compared to the sound insulation capacity of software-built wall-models with the same wall constructions as the field measured walls. Both the measured and the modelled walls sound insulation is also compared parallel to insulation values for light-frame construction walls found in literature. The values of the walls sound insultation are also evaluated regarding high but occurring sound pressure levels by facades and demanded levels of sound pressure indoors. Modifications are made to the construction of one modelled wall to quantify the improvement in sound insulation of the walls derived from the investigated construction-modifications.The results conclude that the examined light-frame construction walls are indeed sufficient in the aspect of sound insulation to merely satisfy the laws. The walls sound insulation is not as unambiguously sufficient when establishing what is considered a good indoor acoustic environment, instead of only achieving minimum levels required by law.
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Livanios, Dimitrios. "Bulgar-Yugoslav controversy over Macedonia and the British connection, 1939-1949." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308855.

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Olson, Jonas. "Rivna bullar och Mexikanska pannkakor." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22473.

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I denna uppsats har jag undersökt metoder för förvaltande av kunskap samt lärande på arbetsplatsen genom att utgå ifrån personalens expertkunskaper inom sitt arbete och hur företag kan ta tillvara dessa. Den samlade kunskapen som finns på företag är ett värdefullt verktyg. Om den skulle varit möjligt att ta tillvara den på ett effektivt sätt skulle både medarbetare och företagets utveckling kunna dra stor nytta av det. Jag har undersökt hur denna kunskap skulle kunna förvaltas för att de anställda ska kunna få mer ansvar och möjlighet att förbättra sin arbetsplats med hjälp av olika metoder. Detta har jag gjort i samarbete med företaget Jidoka Innovation och deras metoder under samlingsnamnet HelpMe. Mitt case har varit Santa Marias tortillafabrik i Vadensjö. Där har jag tillsammans med personalen utvecklat och utvärderat HelpMe:s metodik för att skapa en effektivare produktionsprocess.
In this essay I’ve researched workplace based knowledge and how companies can benefit from using it. The combined knowledge of a company work force is a powerful tool, and if you could tap that resource both the employees and the company can benefit. I have researched how this knowledge can be used in educating new employees and how this can empower the employees by giving them more control of their workplace. I advocate handing over more control of the factory to the employees. They work with the machines everyday, and often know the best way to run them, and therefore should be the first to be consulted when optimizing the workflow. I have done this thesis project with the Swedish company Jidoka Innovation AB which with their method set by the name HelpMe, specializes in workplace learning and optimization. My case the Santa Maria tortilla factory in the south of Sweden where I evaluated and developed Jidoka’s methods to see if this way of working could make a more efficient production process.
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Guentchéva, Zlatka. "Contributions à l'étude des catégories grammaticales du bulgare littéraire contemporain." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375947886.

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Gyllin, Roger. "The Genesis of the Modern Bulgarian Literary Language." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Almqvist och Wiksell, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598957f.

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Xavier, José Roberto. "L'opinion publique au sein du système de justice pénale: L'affaire James Bulger." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27085.

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Dans cette thèse, nous explorons les relations entre l'opinion publique et le système de justice pénale à partir d'une étude de cas. Il s'agit de voir comment le système de justice pénale rend opérationnelle l'opinion publique dans son fonctionnement interne dans une affaire ou les "pressions populaires" ont été fort présentes. Nous privilégions alors la vision interne du système de justice pénale pour observer ces interrelations. Notre recherche, qualitative, est une analyse documentaire et elle s'appuie tant sur le cadre théorique de la rationalité pénale moderne, que sur des définitions ad hoc des termes "opinion publique", "public" et "population".
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Books on the topic "Bulgur"

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Bulgur: (ne)zaboravljena namirnica. Sirogojno: Muzej "Zaboravljeno selo", 2002.

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Mezopotamya'dan dünya sofralarına, tarihinden tarifine bulgur. Şişli, İstanbul: Doğan Kitap, 2012.

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Rice, pasta, couscous: The delicious heart of the Mediterranean kitchen : Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Malta, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco. San Francisco, Calif: Chronicle Books, 2009.

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Nesim, Zh. Bulgaro-arabski razgovornik =: Kitāb muḥādathat lil-Bulgār wa-lil-ʻArab. Sofii͡a︡: KF Atelie-M, 1991.

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Ivanov, Borislav Ivanov. Bezsmŭrtna ptit︠s︡a na vi︠a︡rata. Sofii︠a︡: IK "Novata t︠s︡ivilizat︠s︡ii︠a︡", 2006.

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T︠S︡enov, Gancho. Praotechestvoto i praezikŭt na bŭlgariti︠e︡: Istoriko-filologicheski izdirvanii︠a︡ vŭz osnova na pŭrvoiztochnit︠s︡i. Sofii︠a︡: Kheliopol, 2005.

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Iovan, Tiberiu. Dicționar bulgar-român. București: Editura Științifică, 1994.

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Bulgar gözüyle Edirne. Kağıthane, İstanbul: Kitap Yayınevi, 2012.

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Ergenç, Leman. Bulgar yayınlarında Türkler. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu basımevi, 1989.

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Za prabŭlgarite i za tekhnii︠a︡ ezik. Veliko Tŭrnovo: Znak ʹ94, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bulgur"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Bulbus." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1377.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Bulbus." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 380. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_3786.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Bulbus." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3786-1.

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King, Ivan R. "Review of the Galactic Bulge." In Galactic Bulges, 3–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_1.

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Renzini, Alvio. "Formation and Evolution of Stars in Galactic Bulges." In Galactic Bulges, 151–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_10.

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Rich, R. Michael. "The Stellar Population of the Inner 200 Parsecs." In Galactic Bulges, 169–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_11.

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de Zeeuw, Tim. "Dynamics of the Galactic Bulge." In Galactic Bulges, 191–208. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_12.

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Kormendy, John. "Kinematics of Extragalactic Bulges: Evidence that some Bulges are Really Disks." In Galactic Bulges, 209–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_13.

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Bertola, Francesco. "Photometric Properties of Extragalactic Bulges." In Galactic Bulges, 231–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_14.

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Franx, Marijn. "What is the Connection between Ellipticals and Bulges ?" In Galactic Bulges, 243–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0922-2_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bulgur"

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RUZAIĶE, Aija, Sandra MUIŽNIECE-BRASAVA, Zanda KRŪMA, and Kaspars KOVAĻENKO. "NUTRITIONAL VALUE DETERMINATION OF THERMALLY PROCESSED POTATO MAIN COURSE IN RETORT PACKAGING." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.078.

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Consumers are increasingly demanding choices of ready-made foods with excellent organoleptic and health-related properties. There are two main trends in Europe; firstly, consumers are increasingly choosing foods that are comfortable for use, secondly, the number of people who are overweight is increasing, with more consumers paying close attention to the ingredients and nutritional value of products in order to balance the amount of the food they consume per day. The aim of the research was to develop new potato main courses and to determine their nutritional value. The research was carried out at the Faculty of Food Technology of the Latvia University of Agriculture, Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR" and Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition at the Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia. Four different potato main course types with amaranth, quinoa, bulgur and chicken were prepared for the study; plain potatoes were used as the control sample. The content of protein, carbohydrates, lipids, fibre and minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, B) was determined in all potato main course samples. The addition of amaranth, quinoa and bulgur significantly increased the content of dietary fibre, protein, carbohydrates and lipids (p<0.05), whereas the addition of chicken fillet significantly increased protein and lipid content, but reduced the content of carbohydrates and dietary fibre. The content of various minerals, which are an indispensable part of the diet as they are necessary for the body's life processes and normal development, was significantly increased by the addition of chicken to the potato main course. The highest dietary fibre content was detected in potato main course with amaranth (3.0 g per 100 g product), drawing up to 9.0 g dietary fibre per one serving (300 g). Following the Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006, potatoes with amaranth can be defined as the “source of fibre”.
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Araque, Egler, Darren Love, Stephen Park, Daryl Rutt, and Rick Clark. "Measuring the Effectiveness of Metal Weld Overlay Repairs Through Bulge Depth and Bulge Sharpness Analysis." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93661.

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Abstract Weld overlay is a repair method that has been used over the last 10 years to limit the growth of bulges and to extend the remaining life of delayed coking drums. Different refinery operators have used varied approaches, ranging from localized patches on specific regions of concern, to bands along circumferential welds, to large sections of structural repair that completely cover a bulged area. The authors have observed the evolution of regions repaired with internal weld overlay on 18 drums over periods of 5 and 8 years. A comparison of bulge sharpness and bulge depth on a year-over-year basis is presented to measure the effectiveness of metal weld overlay and how the overlay impacts continued distortion of the vessel. Furthermore, factors such as the taper ratio in the transition zones, and the distance between the peak of a bulged area and the edges of the weld overlay, are presented as key parameters that affect the likelihood of cracks developing along the transition zones at the upper and lower edges of the repair.
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3

Grabe, Ju¨rgen, and Jan Du¨hrkop. "Laterally Loaded Piles With Bulge." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29046.

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This paper contains several investigations on the behaviour of bulged piles. Bulge means the application of vertical steel plates somewhere near ground surface to improve the lateral bearing capacity. The results of small scale tests in sand are illustrated, which demonstrate the effectiveness of such bulge. Some theoretical investigations are presented trying to apply standard methods like the p-y-curve procedure to the design of bulged piles. An outline of possible calculation methods is given. Investigations on two different exemplary pile systems demonstrate the behaviour of the bulged structure and give an idea of the advantages of this innovative system.
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Samman, Mahmod, and Mohammad Samman. "Stress Analysis of Bulges in Cylindrical and Oval Pressure Vessels." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28138.

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The stress field in and around bulges in cylindrical and oval pressure vessels is examined using linear elastic finite element models. The effects of bulge size and shape on axial and hoop stresses are examined under internal pressure loading. Stress components at the center of the bulge, in the entire bulge, and in the vessel outside the bulge are analyzed both on the inside and outside surfaces of the vessel wall. In addition, the effects of vessel ovality (out-of-roundness) and the location of a bulge relative to ovality on these stress components are studied. This study provides engineers with a detailed look at bulging-induced stresses and the limitations of stress-based fitness-for-service assessment of bulges in pressure vessels such as refinery coke drums.
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Vivas, Gabriel A., Armando J. Moret, Roberto E. Bello, Luis M. Melian, and Egler D. Araque. "Assessment of the Influence of the Use of Weld Overlay As a Repair Method on the Stress Level of Bulged Sections of Coke Drums." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65412.

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Several studies recognized that cracks in delayed coke drums resulted from low cycle fatigue induced by cyclic thermal stress [1], [2], [3]. According to a coke drum survey coordinated by API in 1996 [1], there are two different areas where cracks are produced. The first zone is located at the shell to skirt weld, and the second at the bulged areas found in the cylindrical section. In the second case, from 145 coke drums 57% reported that had shell bulging problems. Of the drums that bulged, 87 % also showed cracks. Recently, it has been reported the use of a novel weld repair procedure on bulged sections of a drum. In this repair, the bulge is overlaid with weld metal on the inside or outside on the bulge depending on the bulge shape. It has been reported that this repair procedure can stop further bulging on the shell, but detailed information about its influence has not yet been published. Finite element analysis of several bulged patterns that were identified from some laser mappings are used to compare the level of the stress after a weld overlay repair is made. The study was carried out running a sequentially-coupled thermo-mechanical analysis. The assessment shows the influence of the thickness and the extent of the weld overlay on the level of stress on bulged coke drums. The results indicated that depending on the initial bulged shape this repair method either reduces or increases the level of the stress. When an inward deformation pattern is observed, an external reinforcement is recommended; however, when an outward deformation pattern is developed in a coke drum, an external weld overlay repair is not recommended.
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Du¨hrkop, Jan, and Ju¨rgen Grabe. "Design of Laterally Loaded Piles With Bulge." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79087.

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Several investigations on the behaviour of bulged piles have shown the benefit of this construction. Bulge means the application of vertical steel plates somewhere near ground surface to improve the lateral bearing capacity. This paper contains the description of a modified P-y curve method which is capable of calculating piles with bulge. Based on this procedure hundreds of different monopile foundations for offshore wind power plants are analysed and results are used to create design charts. Therefore the Characteristic Load Method (CLM) is expanded to considere the effect of a bulge.
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7

Pérez, I., P. Sánchez-Blázquez, Victor P. Debattista, and C. C. Popescu. "The Role of Bars on Bulge Formation: Stellar Line-Strength Indices of Bulges." In HUNTING FOR THE DARK: THE HIDDEN SIDE OF GALAXY FORMATION. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3458504.

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van Zyl, Gys, and Sultan Al-Harthi. "Fitness for Service Assessment and Repair of the Liner of a High Pressure Heat Exchanger." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-85001.

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A high pressure carbamate condenser (HPCC) is a shell and tube heat exchanger with low pressure steam/condensate on the shell side and high pressure carbamate solution on the tube side. The inlet channel of the exchanger is protected from the internal corrosive environment by means of an austenitic stainless steel liner. During the first internal inspection after commissioning, a bulge was observed in the liner where a pass partition plate is joined to the liner. Surface-breaking cracks were observed at the partition plate to liner welds in the bulged region. The cracks were removed by shallow grinding, but a fitness-for-service assessment was required to evaluate the suitability of the bulged liner for continued service. Due to the complexity of the geometry, a handheld 3D geometry scanner was used to accurately measure the deformed shape of the bulge. Using the measured geometry, a finite element model was developed and used to perform a level 3 fitness for service assessment. This paper will describe the assessment procedure in detail as well as the complex internal repairs that were ultimately implemented in order to restore the integrity of the equipment.
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Himeno, M., S. Noda, R. Himeno, and K. Fukasaku. "Application of Genetic Algorithm to Prediction of Artery Geometry." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37241.

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We used the genetic algorithm (GA) and two-dimensional blood flow analysis to examine the fluid dynamic and engineering factors in multi-objective optimization of blood tubes (vessels). We supposed two factors from fluid dynamics: the wall shear stress (WSS) and the pressure loss, and one materials saving factor: the artery length. As a result, we could get the optimum shapes for each factor. In the case of WSS and artery length, both smoothly curved artery shapes and shapes with bulges were obtained as lower WSS cases. The shapes with bulges were similar to those of aneurysms. In this case, it was found that the WSS increases after the bulge is removed. This means bulges in artery vessel areas with higher WSSs effectively reduce the WSS value. Only the case of WSS and artery length produced a shape like an aneurysm. These results indicate that WSS and artery length are significant factors in determining artery shape.
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Vivas, Gabriel A., Armando J. Moret, Roberto E. Bello, Luis M. Melian, and Julian J. Bedoya. "Analysis of the Influence of the Cooling Patterns and the Shape of the Bulges on the Levels of Stress in the Cylindrical Section of Delayed Coke Drums." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-85009.

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Coke drums are thin-walled pressure vessels that experience low cycle fatigue due to thermal loadings. The delayed coking process is comprised by three major stages: heating, coking and cooling, which repeat at intervals between 20 and 48 hours. The cyclic changes of temperature increase the growth of bulges and cracks which with the passing of time, propagate and eventually cause failures due to the loss of containment. A better understanding of the phenomena of the thermal gradients and their influence on the generated stresses would reduce the effects of the damage mechanisms afflicting coke drums, for example; a continuous monitoring system could be implemented in order to control the cooling ramp to obtain a more homogeneous quenching around the cylinder of the coke drum and consequently increase its lifetime. It is been widely accepted that there is a relationship between high cooling rates in isolated zones and high axial stresses. However, this relationship has not been fully validated, since there are also been reported events of low cooling rates and high stresses. This study shows a predictable behavior (trend) that relates the spatial thermal gradients and the axial and circumferential stresses generated. A coke drum in an upgrader facility was instrumented with two arrays or grids, each of them having 24 thermocouples and 2 strain gauges in zones with distinct bulges. One arrangement was located at an inward bulge while the other was located at an outward bulge. Computational models were carried out to reproduce the behavior of the instrumented zones with their actual deformations obtained from laser scanning. Finite element models were developed using a sequentially coupled thermo-mechanical analysis to determine the transient temperature and stress distributions. The effect of the circumferential thermal gradients on the stress levels in the instrumented cylindrical sections were analyzed, considering two cases; the first of them a perfect cylinder (without deformation) and the second one considering the presence of bulges in the area of interest. The results indicate that there is a relationship between the circumferential thermal gradients [°C/m] or [°F/ft] and the axial stress levels, i.e., cold zones generate axial tensile stresses, and hot zones produce compressive axial stresses. This relationship is affected — exacerbated or counteracted — by the presence of the bulges. Additionally, the results obtained in this paper confirm those of previous investigations showing that outward bulges subject to pressure and thermal loading generate high stresses on its internal surface and low stresses on its external face whereas inward bulges produce the opposite effect.
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Reports on the topic "Bulgur"

1

Whitehead, Gary W. Missed Opportunity: Reducing the Bulge. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada394050.

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2

Okada, A., M. L. Hamilton, and F. A. Garner. Micro-bulge testing applied to neutron irradiated materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6329193.

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Crooks, M. J., L. C. Smith, and R. C. Reno. Microstructural evaluation of explosion bulge tested HSLA-80 plates. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.87-3647.

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4

Street, R., E. T. Al, N. R. Golovich, and W. A. Dawson. Unique Science from a Coordinated LSST-WFIRST Survey of the Galactic Bulge. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1572250.

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Popowski, P. Microlensing Optical Depth Towards the Galactic Bulge Using Clump Giants from the MACHO Survey. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839963.

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Claflin, R. C. The Operational Art as Practiced by General George Patton, Jr. During the Battle of the Bulge. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada283522.

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Sowards-Emmerd, D. Blazar Counterparts for 3EG Sources at -40 < decl. <0: Pushing South through the Bulge. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826866.

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Paköz, Muhammed Ziya. Türkiye’de Ev Sahipliği ve Kiracılığın Değişen Yapısı. İLKE İlim Kültür Eğitim Vakfı, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26414/pn033.

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Bu politika notu, ev sahipliği ve kiracılığın değişen yapısını istatistiki veriler üzerinden analiz etmeyi ve temel bulgular ışığında kısa, orta ve uzun vadede uygulanabilecek eylemler, stratejiler ve politikalar önermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda raporda kiracılığın değişen anlamı, dünya ve Türkiye’de konut piyasasında, konut fiyatlarında ve ev sahipliği oranındaki değişim, kentsel dönüşümün konut piyasası ve kiracılar üzerindeki etkileri irdelenmekte, genel çıkarımlar yapılmakta ve öneriler sunulmaktadır. Raporun temel bulguları, küresel konut piyasasındaki ve Türkiye’deki eğilimlerin benzer istikamette olduğu, kiracıların motivasyonunun ve buna bağlı olarak ihtiyaç ve sorunlarının farklılaştığı, Türkiye’de ailelerin %6’sına tekabül eden yaklaşık 1,5 milyon ailenin hem yoksulluk sınırının altında hem de ikamet ettiği evde kiracı konumunda yaşadığı, kentsel dönüşümün kiracıları ve hassas kesimleri çoğunlukla olumsuz etkilediği yönündedir. Bu sebeple konut politikalarının odağında hem yoksul hem kiracı olan 1,5 milyon aile yer almalıdır. Rapordaki öneriler destekleme ve düzenlemeye ilişkin acil müdahale ve eylemler, kiralanabilir konut stokunu artırmaya yönelik kısa vadeli çözümler ve stratejiler, hassas kesimleri ev sahibi yapma ve konut arzının yapısını değiştirme gibi orta ve uzun vadeli politikalar şeklinde özetlenebilir.
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Ferguson, Spencer, William McNally, and John McPhee. The Effect of Club Length, Face Bulge Radius, and Center of Gravity Depth on Optimal Golf Drives -- A Simulation Study. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317486.

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10

Covey, C. Comment on T. Tokano, 2013: "Wind-induced Equatorial Bulge in Venus and Titan General Circulation Models: Implications for the Simulation of Superrotation". Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1129131.

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