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Journal articles on the topic 'Bulk Drug'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

STINSON, STEPHEN C. "Bulk Drug Output Moves Outside U.S." Chemical & Engineering News 63, no. 37 (1985): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v063n037.p025.

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2

Teske, Michael, Katharina Wulf, Daniela Arbeiter, Thomas Eickner, Klaus-Peter Schmitz, and Niels Grabow. "Influence of bulk incorporation of FDAc and PTX on polymer properties." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 3, no. 2 (2017): 691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2017-0146.

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AbstractIn the last decades PLLA-based copolymers have been among the most attractive polymeric candidates used to fabricate devices for drug delivery and stent applications in the cardiovascular system. PLLA is biocompatible and biodegradable, exhibits a wide range of erosion times and has tunable mechanical properties. Therefore, the influence of drug incorporation on the physicochemical properties of biodegradable PLLA copolymers were examined in this study using Fluorescein diacetate (FDAc) and Paclitaxel (PTX). A percental amount of these drugs (17.5 %) were incorporated into poly(L-lacti

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3

Dipannita, Naskar Dr. Subharota Majumdar Banhishikha Kar. "UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for the Determination of Fluoxetine Hydrochloride in Bulk Drug and Commercial Formulation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 4827–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15547480.

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The simple and rapid spectrophotometric technique has been developed to measure and validate the absorbance of antidepressant drug fluoxetine hydrochloride. This study's objective is to use UV spectroscopy to precisely and accurately estimate the maximum wavelength of the bulk drug and the pH at which the bulk drug exhibits the highest absorbance. According to Beer’s law concentration range of bulk drug and sample is 2-20µg/ml in buffer at pH 1.2, 6.8 and 7.4 respectively. The ℷmax of the bulk drug is 226nm. The linear regression equations of bulk drug were determined to be y = 00.

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4

Eggertson, L. "Federal legislation to limit bulk drug exports." Canadian Medical Association Journal 173, no. 3 (2005): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.050813.

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Novoa de Armas, Héctor, Rolando González Hernández, Anailien Boza Rivera, Ramón Pomés Hernández, and Irminia Herrera Martínez. "Crystal pseudopolymorphism of secnidazole bulk drug, C7H11N3O3." Powder Diffraction 14, no. 2 (1999): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600010459.

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An indexed powder diffraction pattern and related crystallographic data are reported for secnidazole [C7H11N3O3, IUPAC name: 1-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole], which is not represented in the Powder Diffraction File. The unit cell dimensions were determined from diffractometer methods, using monochromatic CuKα1 radiation, and evaluated by indexing programs. The monoclinic cell found for 1-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole is: a=12.426(2) Å, b=12.173(2) Å, c=6.656(1) Å, β=100.19(1)°, Z=4, space group P21/c (No. 14), Dx=1.271 g/cm3. Crystallization of an anhydrous powdered

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6

THAYER, ANN. "Midsized Drug Firms Bulk Up With Mergers." Chemical & Engineering News 78, no. 38 (2000): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v078n038.p016.

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7

Kulthe, V. V., and P. D. Chaudhari. "UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ACETAZOLAMIDE BY STANDARD CALIBRATION CURVE METHOD AND ITS VALIDATION." INDIAN DRUGS 49, no. 07 (2012): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.49.07.p0036.

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The proposed UV spectrophotometric method for estimation of acetazolamide is based on the official method for dissolution of acetazolamide tablets mentioned in the United States Pharmacopoeia XXXII. The monograph, however, does not provide basis for estimation of acetazolamide in the bulk drugs by UV spectrophotometric method. Hence a simple, quick and economic method was developed and validated for estimation of acetazolamide in the bulk drug and its dosage forms. This method may be adopted for routine quality control of acetazolamide in bulk drugs and in finished dosage forms.

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Jampilek, Josef, Kamil Zaruba, Michal Oravec, et al. "Preparation of Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Nootropics and TheirIn VivoPermeation through Blood-Brain Barrier." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/812673.

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The blood-brain barrier prevents the passage of many drugs that target the central nervous system. This paper presents the preparation and characterization of silica-based nanocarriers loaded with piracetam, pentoxifylline, and pyridoxine (drugs from the class of nootropics), which are designed to enhance the permeation of the drugs from the circulatory system through the blood-brain barrier. Their permeation was compared with non-nanoparticle drug substances (bulk materials) by means of anin vivomodel of rat brain perfusion. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by t

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9

Li, Wanru. "A Review of Research on China's Centralized Drugs Bulk-buying Platform for Public Welfare." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 13, no. 2 (2024): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/k9fr0x86.

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Inflated drug prices have always been a problem in the circulation of medicines in China, and in recent years, the relevant departments in China have formulated a series of policies to control drug prices, one of the strongest and most effective of which is to carry out centralized procurement of medicines. The state has also introduced a series of related policies around the centralized procurement of drugs, including the establishment of a centralized procurement platform for drugs. Therefore, this paper focuses on the concept of centralized drugs bulk-buying platform, the current developmen

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10

Bunch, Elaine A. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination and Identification Tests for Dexamethasone in Bulk Drugs and Elixirs: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 6 (1987): 967–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.6.967.

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Abstract A normal phase liquid chromatographic method for the determination of dexamethasone in bulk drugs and elixirs was collaboratively studied by 6 laboratories. The method uses a silica column, water-modified acetic acid-methanol-methylene chloride mobile phase, cortisone internal standard, and photometric detection at 254 nm. Collaborators were supplied blind duplicate samples of 3 bulk drugs, 2 commercial elixirs, and 1 authentic elixir. Dexamethasone elixir dosage level is 0.5 mg/5 tnL. Mean recovery of dexamethasone from the authentic elixir formulated to contain 0.471 mg/5 mL was 94.

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Tushar, B. Aher Prof. Poonam P. Khade Dr. Megha T. Salve. "Pharmaceutical Formulation and Development: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2023): 346–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10144551.

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The abstract discusses the significance of preformulation studies, which analyze the physicochemical characteristics of potential new drug candidates and their impact on drug performance and dosage form development. These studies provide essential information for designing formulations and may indicate the need for molecular modifications. Before creating pharmaceutical formulations, it's crucial to consider the inherent chemical and physical properties of each drug, which serve as the foundation for combining them with other ingredients in dosage form production. The primary objective of pref

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Sati, Bhawana, Hemlata Sati, Sarla Saklani, Prakash Chandra Bhatt, and Ravinesh Mishra. "Synthesis of the impurities during the manufacture of bulk drug midazolam and separation of these impurities by HPLC." Acta Pharmaceutica 63, no. 3 (2013): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2013-0025.

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Abstract During the manufacture of bulk drug midazolam various impurities arised that can be the related products or degradation products. Structures of eight impurities that can arise during the manufacture of bulk drug midazolam were proposed. In the present work, synthesis of these impurities and their characterization by different spectroscopic techniques have been done. HPLC method was developed for the separation of impurities from the bulk drug. The developed method separates midazolam from its eight impurities/degradation products within a run time of 45 min.

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Grüne, Linda, and Heike Bunjes. "Solubility of Poorly Soluble Drugs in Phosphatidylcholine-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Comparison of the Loading Capacity in the Bulk Formulation and Its Dispersed State." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 3 (2024): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17030400.

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The aim of this study was to determine the drug loading capacity of phosphatidylcholine-based formulations for four poorly water-soluble drug substances (clofazimine, fenofibrate, artemether, cannabidiol). Two self-dispersing lipid formulations were investigated, which consisted of soybean phospholipids, medium-chain triglycerides and ethanol with a different phospholipid–oil ratio. The direct loading of the bulk formulation was conducted with dual centrifugation, which proved to be a suitable method for screening experiments with the highly viscous formulations. To estimate possible precipita

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Thakur, Promila. "ISOLATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL IMPURITIES FROM BULK DRUG PREPARATIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 6 (2020): 1436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11232.

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15

Rahimi, Susan. "Expansion of bulk-buy drug programme in China." Lancet Oncology 20, no. 10 (2019): e564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30572-8.

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Lao, Luciana Lisa, Nicholas A. Peppas, Freddy Yin Chiang Boey, and Subbu S. Venkatraman. "Modeling of drug release from bulk-degrading polymers." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 418, no. 1 (2011): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.12.020.

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17

Garankina, R. Yu, V. V. Ryazhenov, E. A. Maksimkina, et al. "Problems and Solutions of Pharmaceutical Packaging in Bulk." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 13, no. 2 (2025): 128–38. https://doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2025-13-2-128-138.

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To date, pharmaceutical activities in the manufacture of medicines in a pharmacy, intra-pharmacy packaging of registered medicines in Russia and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), is one of the priorities of regulatory authorities in order to improve drug supply.The aim. To study the current state of legal regulation of the circulation of medicines “in bulk” and the possibility of their packaging in a pharmacy.Materials and methods. To solve the tasks set, the methodology of system analysis in the field of drug provision, content analysis of documents regulating the sphere of

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18

Reddy, P. Venkata, and B. Sudha Rani. "Estimation of Some Antiviral Drugs Using Tpooo as Analytical Reagent." E-Journal of Chemistry 3, no. 3 (2006): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/187321.

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A simple and reproducible spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of two recent antiviral drugs namely Valacyclovir (drug A) and Famciclovir (drug B) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method is based on the extraction of the drugs into organic layer of the dye TPooo in presence of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid and the absorbances were measured at 490 nm. The method was optimized using eight parameters.

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19

Balusani, Rajitha. "FT-IR SPECTROSCOPIC APPROACH FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FEW COMMERCIAL DRUGS IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 05 (2022): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213511.

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Simple, environment-friendly, rapid, accurate and cost effective Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic (FT-IR) methods have been developed for the quantification of Bosentan (BSN), Desloratadine (DSD) and Flunarizine (FNZ) in bulk and marketed formulations. These drugs were estimated by several techniques and a new method has been developed by using FT-IR technique. The methods were developed on the basis of sample concentration influences the intensity of the vibrational bands and linearity is expected between concentration and optical density. The quantity of the drug present in commercia

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20

Birendra Shrivastava, Sai Rajesh Kollapudi, and Dinakar A. "Method Development and validating the Detection and Determination of Cinacalcet in bulk and its formulation using RP-HPLC." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2020): 6793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3629.

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Cinacalcet (INN), a calcium mimetic drug that mimics the activity of calcium in the body. It expresses itself by activation of calcium-sensing receptor allosterically in different organs and tissues. The secretion of parathyroid hormone is regulated principally by calcium-sensing receptors that are present on the surface of the parathyroid gland. Cinacalcet is used in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism, which is the usual consequence of parathyroid cancers and CKF. There had been a rapid increase in the number of drugs that are adding to each class of drugs. These drugs are formulated into n

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Baula, O. P., O. O. Saliy, O. O. Shevchenko, and T. O. Shevchenko. "The risk-oriented approach to the development and implementation of the pharmaceutical quality system in the production of in-bulk finished products." Management, economy and quality assurance in pharmacy, no. 1(65) (March 15, 2021): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/uekj.21.1.

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Aim. To determine the areas of the risk-based approach to the development and implementation of the pharmaceutical quality system with the emphasis on the production of in-bulk finished products, identify the main factors affecting the stability of the functional characteristics of drugs in order to provide their compliance with the international quality standards, Good Manufacturing Practice and quality risk management. Results. 29 pharmaceutical companies with the license in Ukraine for dispensing and packing of medicines from in-bulk products have been identified. The control strategy for t

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22

Bargo, Eileen S. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Flurazepam Hydrochloride in Bulk Drug and Dosage Forms: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 75, no. 2 (1992): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/75.2.240.

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Abstract Eleven laboratories collaboratively studied the liquid chromatographic method for determining flurazepam hydrochloride In capsules and bulk drug. The method uses an octadecylsllane reversed- phase column, a mobile phase of methanol- 1% ammonium acetate (80 + 20), and photometric detection at 239 nm. Each collaborator received 8 samples: powdered composites of 5 commercial capsule preparations, each as a blind duplicate pair, and 3 bulk drug samples (1 blind duplicate). The ranges of repeatability and reproducibility relative standard deviations were 0.93-2.46 and 2.42-3.86% for the ca

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Padmasri, B., R. Kalyani, V. Anilkumar, D. Prasanth, and M. Indu. "Preparation and evaluation of adipic dihydrazide cross-linked hyaluronic acid microspheres for cephalexin." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 1 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/joapr.2021.9.1.30.36.

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Hyaluronic acid also called as Hyaluronan, Sodium Hyaluronate (SA), sodium salt form of Hyaluronic acid is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and viscoelastic linear polysaccharide of a wide molecular weight range (1000 to 10,000,000 Da). In this project, described a method for preparing HA microspheres at different pH conditions by adapting a non-toxic and aqueous based crosslinking chemistry for sustained drug delivery of drugs. The derivatization chemistry of HA utilizing adipic dihydrazide has been used to construct hydrogels, applied for microsphere preparation. ADH was coupled efficiently t

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24

Sherma, Joseph. "Review of HPTLC in Drug Analysis: 1996-2009." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 3 (2010): 754–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.3.754.

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Abstract Analytical methods for drug substances, formulations, and clinical samples developed and validated on HPTLC plates during the period 19962009 are reviewed. Procedures, materials, and instrumentation for the different steps in the HPTLC procedure and validation of results; applications to bulk drugs, formulations, stability studies, biological samples (e.g., urine and plasma), and hydrophobicity studies; and prospects for the use of HPTLC for drug analysis in the future are described.

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25

Indira, S. Indira, K. Devi, and V. Kalvimoorthi. "Method Development and Validation of Luliconazole Bulk Drug Using Reverse Phase - HPLC Technique." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 39 (2024): 4094–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i39.2787.

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Objective: To develop and validate the RP- HPLC method for determining Luliconazole in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Methods: Following the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, a sensitive, accurate, and specific reversed-phase HPLC technique was created and validated for the detection of Luliconazole. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, this drug was examined. A better separation of the drug was achieved by using Agilent Eclipse XDB C (4.6mm x 250mm, 5µm) with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of Acetonitrile and Buffer in HPLC water. The ratio of

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Ng, Linda L. "Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Dexamethasone Acetate and Cortisone Acetate in Bulk Drug Substance and Dosage Forms: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 3 (1988): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.3.534.

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Abstract A reverse-phase liquid chromatographic method for determination of dexamethasone acetate and of cortisone acetate was subjected to an interlaboratory study by 8 collaborators for each steroid acetate. Bulk drug substance, suspensions, and tablets were assayed. Bulk drug or dosage form is dissolved in an acetonitrile-buffer mixture and analyzed by an external standard method. The steroid acetate is resolved from extraneous components by reverse-phase chromatography and detected at 254 nm. The sample solutions are stable for at least 72 h. For dexamethasone acetate, coefficients of vari

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27

Yao, Xin, Amy Lan Neusaenger, and Lian Yu. "Amorphous Drug-Polymer Salts." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 8 (2021): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13081271.

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Amorphous formulations provide a general approach to improving the solubility and bioavailability of drugs. Amorphous medicines for global health should resist crystallization under the stressful tropical conditions (high temperature and humidity) and often require high drug loading. We discuss the recent progress in employing drug–polymer salts to meet these goals. Through local salt formation, an ultra-thin polyelectrolyte coating can form on the surface of amorphous drugs, immobilizing interfacial molecules and inhibiting fast crystal growth at the surface. The coated particles show improve

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Sarker, Uttam Kumar, Md Mahasin Ali, Fatiha Farhana, et al. "Detection of Impurities in Bulk Drug and Capsule of Fluconazole." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 8, no. 3 (2020): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v8i3.717.

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the impurities and their amounts in the fluconazole bulk drug and capsule FLUNACTM (150 mg). Method: HPLC with diode array detector was used to carry out the study. The composition of mobile phase was acetonitrile: water (85:15 %) with flow rate of 0.7 mL/min and detected at 260 ± 1 nm. Results: Two impurities (one is known impurity A and other unknown impurity) were detected in the bulk drug and also in capsule FLUNAC (150mg). The total amount of impurities in fluconazole bulk drug and capsule were 0.368% and 0.392% respectively. Conclusio

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He, Jiachen, Chichi Chen, Liang Chen, et al. "Honeycomb-Like Hydrogel Microspheres for 3D Bulk Construction of Tumor Models." Research 2022 (February 7, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9809763.

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A two-dimensional (2D) cell culture-based model is widely applied to study tumorigenic mechanisms and drug screening. However, it cannot authentically simulate the three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment of solid tumors and provide reliable and predictable data in response to in vivo, thus leading to the research illusions and failure of drug screening. In this study, honeycomb-like gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel microspheres are developed by synchronous photocrosslinking microfluidic technique to construct a 3D model of osteosarcoma. The in vitro study shows that osteosarcoma cells (K7

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Nishanth G, Akhila G, Anandkumar Tengli, et al. "Innovative methodologies for identification and qualification of Impurities: An overview of the latest trends on impurity profiling." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2020): 2909–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2375.

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Impurity profiling is known to identify, classify and measure both the identified and non-identified contamination present on the medicinal product. Unwanted chemicals which remain or are created during the formulation of medicinal products are pharmaceutical impurities. Impurity profiling helps in the detection, recognition and quantification in bulk products and pharmaceutical formulations of various types of impurities, as well as residual solvents. It is the simplest way to distinguish consistency and stability of bulk drugs and medication formulations. As analytical methodology has develo

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Misbahuddin, Mir, Md Saiful Islam, and Uttam Kumar Sarker. "Detection of Impurities in a tablet of Atorvastatin." KYAMC Journal 1, no. 2 (2013): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v1i2.13313.

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Identification of impurities and their amounts in the atorvastatin bulk drug and tablet DIVASTINTM (20 mg) were done using HPLC with diode array detector. The composition of mobile phase was acetonitril:phosphate buffer (45:55%; pH 4.0) with flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and detected at 248 ± 8 nm. Four impurities (desfluoro atorvastatin, distereoisomer, 3-o-methyl atorvastatin and lactone atorvastatin) were detected in the bulk drug whereas five impurities were detected in the tablet DIVASTINTM (20 mg). The total amounts of impurities in atorvastatin bulk drug and tablet were 0.804 and 0.983% respe

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Dhanashri, Patil Tejaswini Neve. "Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Macitentan Bulk Drug and Formulation." International Journal of Pharma Research and Technology 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7466981.

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A simple, accurate, precise, inexpensive, rapid, and sensitive UV visible spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Macitentan in drug substances. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Drugs were analyzed by UV/Vis spectrophotometry and validated for linearity, precision, precision and specificity, limits of detection, and limits of quantitation. The solvent used was 0.1N HCl and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum absorbance of the drug was 274 nm. The linear response over the concentration range of Macitentan from 10 to 70 μg/m

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Gopika V C, Hisana M S, Jayakrishnan V, et al. "Degradation study of Doxycycline in bulk and formulation by UV-Visible spectrophotometry." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 15, no. 2 (2023): 067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2023.15.2.0328.

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Introduction: Forced degradation is a process that involves degradation of drug products and drug substances at condition more severe than accelerated conditions and thus generates degradation products that can be studied to determine the stability of the molecule. Aim and objective: To investigate the forced degradation study for the determination of degradation of Doxycycline by UV-Visible spectrophotometric method. Methods: Doxycycline sample and standard were exposed to different stress conditions (hydrolytic and oxidative degradation). Both standard drug and marketed formulations were use

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Roy, S. M. N., Kiran V. Mangaonkar, A. Y. Desai, and Santosh M. Yetal. "RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Cinitapride in the Presence of its Degradation Products in Bulk Drug." E-Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 1 (2010): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/259507.

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A reverse phase HPLC method is described for the determination of cinitapride hydrogen tartrate in the presence of its degradation products in bulk drug. A drug was subjected to all stress conditions such as reduction, oxidation acidic and alkaline medium. Chromatography was recorded on an Intersil ODS-3 column using mixture of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer, pH adjusted to 6.7 in the ratio (70:30 v/v) as the mobile phase at the rate of 1.0 mL/min with detection at 260 nm. Glimepride was used as internal standard. The retention time of drug cinitapride was 3.8 min and glimepride an internal

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35

Stribling, Jess. "Thoughts on the Schuyler and Algon bulk-drug issue." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 193, no. 8 (1988): 918–19. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1988.193.08.918.

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Deshpande, Abhijit M., Shanta Satyanarayan, and S. Ramakant. "Electrochemical Pretreatment of Wastewater from Bulk Drug Manufacturing Industry." Journal of Environmental Engineering 135, no. 8 (2009): 716–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000029.

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R., K. Jat, C. Chhipa R., and Sharma S. "Quantitative Estimation of Clobazam in Bulk drug and tablets." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 1, no. 3 (2011): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12699368.

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A sensitive and rapid extractive spectrophotometer method has been developed for the assayof clobazam in bulk drug and tablets. The method is based on the formation of a chloroformsoluble ion-pair complex between clobazam and bromophenol blue in an acidic medium. The complex shows maximum absorbance at 413 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in theconcentration range of 5-25 μg /ml. Results of analysis were validated statistically and byrecovery studies. The proposed method is now simple, new, reproducible, and accurate andsuccessfully employed in routine analysis of clobazam bulk drug and

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Lawande, Appasaheb Bajirao. "SEPARATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE R-ISOMER OF KETOPROFEN IN A BULK DRUG SUBSTANCE BY NORMAL PHASE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 1 (2016): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i1.15318.

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ABSTRACTObjective: The objective is defined to develop and validate simple, rapid, precise, and accurate for separation and determination of R-isomer impurityof ketoprofen bulk drug material by the normal phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method as per the International Conference ofHarmonization Guideline (ICH) guidelines.Methods: The R-isomer and S-isomer were baseline resolved on a Chiralcel OJ-H, 150 mm × 4.6 mm, and 5 µm stationary phase column. Mobile phasesystem containing n-hexane:isopropyl alcohol:glacial acetic acid (50:50:0.1 v/v.). The detector wavelength has been selec

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Gopika, V. C., M. S. Hisana, V. Jayakrishnan, et al. "Degradation study of Doxycycline in bulk and formulation by UV-Visible spectrophotometry." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 15, no. 2 (2023): 067–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10676996.

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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Forced degradation is a process that involves degradation of drug products and drug substances at condition more severe than accelerated conditions and thus generates degradation products that can be studied to determine the stability of the molecule. <strong>Aim and objective: </strong>To investigate the forced degradation study for the determination of degradation of Doxycycline by UV-Visible spectrophotometric method. <strong>Methods: </strong>Doxycycline sample and standard were exposed to different stress conditions (hydrolytic and oxidative d

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Chaudhari, Kamlesh Raju, Rajveer Bhaskar, Monika Ola, Amod Patil, Ankita Ambatkar, and Tejaswini Mahajan. "Comprehensive Review on Analytical Profile of Antidepressant Drug." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 2 (2020): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2.3990.

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Venlafaxine is an antidepressant belonging to a group of drugs called selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSNRIs). Venlafaxine affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced in people with depression. It is used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety and panic disorder. The present review assesses the various approaches for analysis of Venlafaxine in bulk drug as well as various formulations. A concise review represents the compilation and discussion of about more than 35 analytical methods which includes HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-Spectrophotometry met

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Jawaharsamuvel, R.3* Sunitha P. G.1 Deattu N.2 Mohammed Idrees3. "Atomoxetine: A Review On Analytical Method Development And Validation For Quantification Of Bulk And Pharmaceutical Dosage Form By High Performance Liquid Chromatography." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 10 (2024): 1298–312. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13987642.

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Atomoxetine is the efficacious drug for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and children. This drugs clinical and pharmaceutical analysis necessitates efficient analytical techniques for quality assurance, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetic, and stability investigations. We have reviewed in detail the literature from many journals related to analytical and pharmaceutical chemistry, and we have looked at instrumental analytical methods that were created and used to find a drug in bulk drugs, formulations, and biological fluids, either by itself or in combination wi

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Wang, Zhaohui, Emilio Cortes-Sanchez, Chieh-Hsiang Yang, et al. "Micro-organospheres: An automated patient-derived model platform for rapid drug screening of breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e12628-e12628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e12628.

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e12628 Background: Patient-derived breast cancer (BC) organoids are valuable preclinical models to study patient drug responses, demonstrating good correlations with patients’ clinical outcomes. However, establishment and expansion of such organoids from patient tumors for drug screening is currently a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. A more rapid and high-throughput method will enable broader utility in diagnostics and drug development. Methods: An automated, rapid and scalable microfluidic platform was used to process and develop BC micro-organospheres. Drug sensitivities studies

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Alembik, Marc C., and Irving W. Wainer. "Resolution and Analysis of Enantiomers of Amphetamines by Liquid Chromatography on a Chiral Stationary Phase: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 3 (1988): 530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.3.530.

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Abstract A rapid, accurate method for separating and determining the enantiomeric composition of amphetamine bulk drug and commercial preparations was developed and subjected to collaborative study. Amide derivatives of the amphetamine enantiomers are formed by using achiral 2-naphthoyl chloride. The resulting enantiomeric amides are then chromatographed on a commercially available chiral stationary phase with hexane-isopropyl alcohol-acetonitrile (97 + 3 + 0.5) mobile phase, with detection at 254 nm. Seven collaborators received bulk drug and commercial samples of amphetamine. The collaborato

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Caselli, Lucrezia, Marco Mendozza, Beatrice Muzzi, et al. "Lipid Cubic Mesophases Combined with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Hybrid Multifunctional Platform with Tunable Magnetic Properties for Nanomedical Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (2021): 9268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179268.

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Hybrid materials composed of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and lipid self-assemblies possess considerable applicative potential in the biomedical field, specifically, for drug/nutrient delivery. Recently, we showed that SPIONs-doped lipid cubic liquid crystals undergo a cubic-to-hexagonal phase transition under the action of temperature or of an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This transition triggers the release of drugs embedded in the lipid scaffold or in the water channels. In this contribution, we address this phenomenon in depth, to fully elucidate the structural

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Wang, Jun, Feng-Mei Lv, Dong-Li Wang, et al. "Synergistic Antitumor Effects on Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer of Paclitaxel/Lapatinib Composite Nanocrystals." Molecules 25, no. 3 (2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030604.

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Drug resistance presents serious difficulties for cancer treatment. A combination of paclitaxel (PTX) and lapatinib (LAPA) shows potentials in multiple drug resistant cancers in the clinic, but it is almost impossible to deliver these two drugs to the tumor at the same time with the best proportion by simple co-administration of the respective current formualtions for their different pharmacokinetic profiles. Here composite nanocrystals of PTX and LAPA (cNC) were designed with a ratio of 2:1 (w/w), which was their intracellular ratio at the best synergistic efficacy on a drug-resistant cancer

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Ghoneim, M. M., and A. Tawfik. "Voltammetric studies and assay of the anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma at a mercury electrode." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 81, no. 8 (2003): 889–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-092.

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The electrochemical reduction of the anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen was studied in a Britton-Robinson (B-R.) buffer series of pH 211 using dc-polarography, cyclic voltammetry, and coulometry techniques. The electrode reaction pathway of the drug at the dropping mercury electrode was proposed and discussed. A new adsorptive cathodic stripping square-wave voltammetric procedure was optimized for the assay of bulk drug in a B-R. buffer of pH 2.0. The peak current was linear with the drug concentration over the ranges 2 × 109 to 2 × 107 M of the bulk drug, using a 60 s accumulation time peri

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Hammam, E., H. S. El-Desoky, K. Y. El-Baradie, and A. M. Beltagi. "Three validated stripping voltammetric procedures for determination of the anti-prostate cancer drug flutamide in tablets and human serum at a mercury electrode." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 82, no. 9 (2004): 1386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v04-104.

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Flutamide is a nonsteriodal anti-androgen drug, which is commonly used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Based on the reduction of the nitro organic moiety of the drug molecule in acetate buffer of pH 5 at the hanging mercury drop electrode, three adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric procedures were optimized for determination of flutamide in bulk, tablets, and human serum applying linear-sweep, differential-pulse, and square-wave waveforms. The achieved limits of detection of the bulk drug were 1.9 × 107, 8.7 × 108, and 9.7 × 109 mol L1 by using the optimized differentia

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Asghar, Anam, Sadia Rafique, Muhammad Naeem Aamir, Sana Javed, and Aamna Habib. "Organogel as Drug Delivery System: Review." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 12 (2024): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs0202317128.

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Background: Gels are employed as a carrier medium/network for the delivery of topical medicines. Due to number of benefits gels are gaining attention day by day as a drug delivery system. Among gels Organogelare preferably active for incorporating lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs within the same gel network. Aim: To emphasize about the basics of Organogel. Their introduction types, composition, properties, methods of preparation and advantages and applications and most importantly as topical drug delivery system. Definition: The Organogel comes under the semi solid preparations with a definiti

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Jhangiani, Rita k., and Ada C. Bello. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Morphine Sulfate and Some Contaminants in Injections and Bulk Drug Material." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, no. 3 (1985): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.3.523.

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Abstract A liquid chromatographic (LC) procedure is described for the assay of morphine sulfate in bulk drug material and injection solutions. The bulk drug and injection samples are prepared by direct dilution with LC mobile solvent. The average bulk drug purity (5 manufacturers) determined by the LC method was 99.9% with a difference of 0.1% from the average purity (anhydrous) found by the official USP XX procedure. The average LC recovery (19 studies) of morphine sulfate added to injection samples was 99.4% with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.14%. Morphine sulfate content was determin

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Yazdian Kashani, Sepideh, Amir Afzalian, Farbod Shirinichi, and Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji. "Microfluidics for core–shell drug carrier particles – a review." RSC Advances 11, no. 1 (2021): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08607j.

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