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Journal articles on the topic 'Bulk ZnO'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mazaheri Tirani, Maryam, Maryam Madadkar Haghjou, and Ahmad Ismaili. "Hydroponic grown tobacco plants respond to zinc oxide nanoparticles and bulk exposures by morphological, physiological and anatomical adjustments." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 4 (2019): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp18076.

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are the third highest in terms of global production among the various inorganic nanoparticles, and there are concerns because of their worldwide availability and accumulation in the environment. In contrast, zinc is an essential element in plant growth and metabolism, and ZnO NPs (nano-ZnO) may have unknown interactions with plants due to their small sizes as well as their particular chemical and physical characteristics. The present study examined the effect of nano-ZnO (25nm) and bulk or natural form (&lt;1000nm, bulk-ZnO), compared with zinc in the ionic f

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2

Fan, Yue, and Shao Chang Chen. "The Study of Electronic Density of States and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanotube by First-Principles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2966–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2966.

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In this paper, we studied the electronic density of states (DOS) and optical properties ZnO using first-principles method. We find that the electronic density of states was different in bulk ZnO and ZnO nanotube. The DOS of bulk ZnO spread at wide energy while the DOS of ZnO nanotube concentrated in a narrow energy range. The peak around-18 eV moved to a higher energy. The peaks more than Fermi level concentrated to the Fermi level, which meant the conductivity of ZnO nanotube was better than that of bulk ZnO. We also calculated the optical properties of ZnO nanotube. The optical properties sh

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3

Jang, Hyunseok, Chao Zhao, Xiao Kong, Jaejung Song, Feng Ding, and Seungho Cho. "Homoepitaxial growth of ZnO nanostructures from bulk ZnO." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 586 (March 2021): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.078.

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4

Salami, Maryam, Maryam Khosravi, and Mohammad Hadi Zarei. "Comparative toxic effect of bulk zinc oxide (ZnO) and ZnO nanoparticles on human red blood cells." Main Group Metal Chemistry 45, no. 1 (2022): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2022-0024.

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Abstract Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are a member of nanomaterials family that have been produced on a large scale and their toxicity affected by their high surface-to-volume ratio. The hemolytic toxic effects of metal oxide NPs may be completely different from those observed in their bulk counterparts. So, the main purpose of this research was to measure the difference between the hemolytic effects of ZnO (NPs and bulk) on isolated human red blood cells (RBCs). Hemolysis was measured after incubation of human RBCs with 0.01–1 mM of ZnO (bulk and NPs) for 6 h. For measurement of other vari

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5

Yang, W. M., X. C. Yuan, and Y. X. Guo. "Influence of ZnO doping on the properties of single domain YBCO bulks fabricated by RE+011 TSIG process." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 25 (2017): 1745018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217450187.

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Single domain YBCO bulk superconductors with different additions of ZnO have been successfully fabricated by RE[Formula: see text]011 TSIG process with a new solid phase of [(100-[Formula: see text])(Y2O[Formula: see text]BaCuO2)+[Formula: see text]ZnO] and a new liquid phase of (Y2O3+6CuO+10BaCuO2). The effects of ZnO additions on the growth morphology, microstructure, critical temperature ([Formula: see text]), the levitation force and trapped field of the YBCO bulks have been investigated. It is found that within the range of ZnO additions [Formula: see text]=0–1.0 wt.%, all the samples are

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6

Truong, Dai Cao, Anh Tuan Thanh Pham, Oanh Kieu Truong Le, et al. "A comparative study on thermoelectric properties of ZnO bulks and thin films." Science and Technology Development Journal 23, no. 4 (2020): 788–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v23i4.2458.

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Introduction: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is well-known as a promising thermoelectric material owing to its safety, inexpensiveness, and thermal stability. This research provides an overview of thermoelectric potentials, including structure, electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor of pure ZnO semiconductor synthesized in bulk and thin-film forms. Methods: The ZnO bulk was synthesized by solid-state reaction at high temperature, while the thin film was prepared by d.c. magnetron sputtering technique. The temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties of all the samples were m

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7

Look, D. C., D. C. Reynolds, J. R. Sizelove, et al. "Electrical properties of bulk ZnO." Solid State Communications 105, no. 6 (1998): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-1098(97)10145-4.

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8

Manyasree, D. Kiranmayi P.*. "ZnO NANOPARTICLES: ROLE IN ENHANCING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH 07, no. 09 (2017): 399–402. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1036372.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by using wet chemical method. The synthesized sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). The average crystallite size of the sample was calculated from the full width at half maximum of XRD peaks by using Debye-Scherrer’s formula and was found to be 27 nm. E.coli was used as test microorganism. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of various classes of antibiotics in the absence and presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles. We also compared antibacterial activity of ZnO nanparticles and bulk ZnO.

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Yoon, Jong Chan, Zonghoon Lee, and Gyeong Hee Ryu. "Atomic Arrangements of Graphene-like ZnO." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7 (2021): 1833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11071833.

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ZnO, which can exist in various dimensions such as bulk, thin films, nanorods, and quantum dots, has interesting physical properties depending on its dimensional structures. When a typical bulk wurtzite ZnO structure is thinned to an atomic level, it is converted into a hexagonal ZnO layer such as layered graphene. In this study, we report the atomic arrangement and structural merging behavior of graphene-like ZnO nanosheets transferred onto a monolayer graphene using aberration-corrected TEM. In the region to which an electron beam is continuously irradiated, it is confirmed that there is a d

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10

Bara, Nisha, M. Eshwarmoorthy, Kesavan Subaharan, and Gautam Kaul. "Mesoporous silica nanoparticle is comparatively safer than zinc oxide nanoparticle which can cause profound steroidogenic effects on pregnant mice and male offspring exposed in utero." Toxicology and Industrial Health 34, no. 8 (2018): 507–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233718757641.

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The increasing use of nanomaterials has naturally caused heightened concerns about their potential risks to human and animal health. We investigated the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) on steroidogenesis in the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnant mice and testis of male offspring. Pregnant albino mice were exposed to ZnO NPs and MSN for 2 days on alternate days, gestation days 15–19. Hepatic injury marker enzymes increased in the higher concentration of NM-exposed mother mice, but histological examination revealed no changes in the placenta of

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11

Lim, J. H., C. K. Yeoh, Pei Leng Teh, W. M. Arif, and A. Chik. "The Effect of Sintering Temperature to the Properties of Zinc Oxide." Advanced Materials Research 795 (September 2013): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.795.419.

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In this paper, different sintering temperature used to study the influence of temperature on the structural and thermal properties of zinc oxide (ZnO). On this research, the sample was prepared by solid-state method for zinc oxide (ZnO) at different sintering temperature which was 700°C, 800°C and 900°C. It was observed that the density of bulk ZnO that sintering at 900°C had the higher value of density 5.03 g/cm3. The microhardness of the bulk ZnO had a higher measurement 397.3 Hv after sintered at 900°C. ZnO that sintering at 900°C had been observed that had thermal conductivity 1.1611W/cm-K

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12

Baraki, R., N. Novak, T. Frömling, T. Granzow, and J. Rödel. "Bulk ZnO as piezotronic pressure sensor." Applied Physics Letters 105, no. 11 (2014): 111604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4895941.

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13

McCluskey, M. D., S. J. Jokela, and W. M. Hlaing Oo. "Hydrogen in bulk and nanoscale ZnO." Physica B: Condensed Matter 376-377 (April 2006): 690–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.173.

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14

Grasza, K., P. Skupiński, A. Mycielski, E. Łusakowska, and V. Domukhovski. "ZnO bulk growth in hydrogen atmosphere." Journal of Crystal Growth 310, no. 7-9 (2008): 1823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.11.128.

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15

von Wenckstern, H., H. Schmidt, M. Grundmann, et al. "Defects in hydrothermally grown bulk ZnO." Applied Physics Letters 91, no. 2 (2007): 022913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2757097.

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16

de la Rosa, Guadalupe, Martha Laura López-Moreno, David de Haro, Cristian E. Botez, José R. Peralta-Videa, and Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey. "Effects of ZnO nanoparticles in alfalfa, tomato, and cucumber at the germination stage: Root development and X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies." Pure and Applied Chemistry 85, no. 12 (2013): 2161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-12-09-05.

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Past reports indicate that some nanoparticles (NPs) affect seed germination; however, the biotransformation of metal NPs is still not well understood. This study investigated the toxicity on seed germination/root elongation and the uptake of ZnO NPs and Zn2+ in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. Seeds were treated with ZnO NPs at 0&ndash;1600 mg L&ndash;1 as well as 0&ndash;250 mg L&ndash;1 Zn2+ for comparison purposes. Results showed that at 1600 mg L&ndash;1 ZnO NPs, germination in cucumber increased by 10 %

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17

Angappane, S., Neena Susan John, and G. U. Kulkarni. "Pyramidal Nanostructures of Zinc Oxide." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6, no. 1 (2006): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.17912.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition of the oxide onto Si(100) substrate at 600 °C. An examination of the morphology using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy reveals well formed pyramidal structures consistent with the growth habit of ZnO. A domain matched epitaxy across the interface makes the ZnO pyramids orient along the axes of Si(100) surface. The pyramidal nanostructures signify an intermediate state in the growth of hexagonal nanorods of ZnO. The hardness of the nanostructures as well as their response to oxygen gas have bee

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18

Aljaafari, Abdullah, and Ahmed Sedky. "Influence of Fine Crystal Percentage on the Electrical Properties of ZnO Ceramic-Based Varistors." Crystals 10, no. 8 (2020): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10080681.

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Herein, the effect of nanocrystal percentage in bulk-ZnO varistors was studied. The structure of ZnO nanocrystals was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The XRD studies showed that the nanocrystals were indexed with the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO nanostructures. The average crystallite size deduced from XRD analysis ranged between 135 and 273 nm, eight-fold lower than that of the nanoparticles observed in FE-SEM micrographs (1151–2214 nm). The percentage of nanocrystals added into the ZnO varistor was increased from 0 to 10

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19

McCluskey, Matthew D., Marianne C. Tarun, and Samuel T. Teklemichael. "Acceptor Dopants in Bulk and Nanoscale ZnO." MRS Proceedings 1494 (2012): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1574.

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ABSTRACTZinc oxide (ZnO) is a semiconductor that emits bright UV light, with little wasted heat. This intrinsic feature makes it a promising material for energy-efficient white lighting, nano-lasers, and other optical applications. For devices to be competitive, however, it is necessary to develop reliable p-type doping. Although substitutional nitrogen has been considered as a potential p-type dopant for ZnO, recent theoretical and experimental work suggests that nitrogen is a deep acceptor and will not lead to p-type conductivity. In nitrogen-doped samples, a red photoluminescence (PL) band

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20

Viñes, Francesc, Oriol Lamiel-Garcia, Francesc Illas, and Stefan T. Bromley. "Size dependent structural and polymorphic transitions in ZnO: from nanocluster to bulk." Nanoscale 9, no. 28 (2017): 10067–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr02818k.

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We report on an extensive computational modelling survey of (ZnO)<sub>N</sub> nanostructures ranging from bottom-up generated nanoclusters to top-down nanoparticles cuts from various bulk polymorphs. The obtained results enable us to follow the energetic preferences of structure and polymorphism in (ZnO)<sub>N</sub> systems with increasing N up to the bulk.

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21

Gao, Zhan Jun, You Song Gu, and Yue Zhang. "Mechanical Properties and Size Effects of ZnO Nanowires Studied by First-Principles Calculation." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1670–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1670.

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First-principles density functional calculations were performed to investigate mechanical properties of ZnO nanowires and the size effects. Structural optimizations were performed first, and a series of strains were applied to the nanowires in the axial direction. The ground state energies were calculated and the elastic moduli of ZnO nanowires were obtained from the energy versus strain curves. It is found that the elastic moduli of the ZnO nanowires with three different diameters (1.2, 1.5 and 1.8nm) are 136.3, 138.7 and 138.0 GPa, respectively, and that of bulk ZnO along [0001] direction is

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22

Chubenko, Eugene, Alexey Klyshko, Vitaly Bondarenko, Marco Balucani, Anatoly I. Belous, and Victor Malyshev. "ZnO Films and Crystals on Bulk Silicon and SOI Wafers: Formation, Properties and Applications." Advanced Materials Research 276 (July 2011): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.276.3.

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In present work the investigation of the electrochemical and chemical hydrothermal deposition processes of ZnO on silicon is presented. The influence of the electrochemical process parameters on the characteristics and morphology of the ZnO deposits is analyzed. Electrochemical deposition from non aqueous DMSO solutions on porous silicon buffer layer is also discussed. The details of the chemical hydrothermal deposition from the nitrate bath of high-quality ZnO crystals on silicon substrate are presented. It was shown that morphology and size of synthesized ZnO crystals depends on the temperat

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23

Kuddus, Abdul, and Abu Bakar Md Ismail. "ZnO-CuO Based Inorganic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Influence of Thickness of the Spin-Coated Bulk-Heterojunction Film." Advanced Materials Research 1165 (July 23, 2021): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1165.131.

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Facile synthesis of completely inorganic Zinc oxide-Copper oxide (ZnO-CuO) based bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHJSCs) along with the impact of the film thickness on the different properties like morphological, structural, chemical, optical and electrical have been reported in this work. A simple spin-coating technique was used to fabricate the BHJSC. The elemental presence of ZnO and CuO with wurtzite and cubic phase was confirmed by EDX and XRD analysis correspondingly. The surface quality, optical transmittance and the resistivity of spin-coated BHJ films decrease with increasing the the

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Šebesta, Martin, Martin Urík, Marek Bujdoš, et al. "Fungus Aspergillus niger Processes Exogenous Zinc Nanoparticles into a Biogenic Oxalate Mineral." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4 (2020): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6040210.

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) belong to the most widely used nanoparticles in both commercial products and industrial applications. Hence, they are frequently released into the environment. Soil fungi can affect the mobilization of zinc from ZnO NPs in soils, and thus they can heavily influence the mobility and bioavailability of zinc there. Therefore, ubiquitous soil fungus Aspergillus niger was selected as a test organism to evaluate the fungal interaction with ZnO NPs. As anticipated, the A. niger strain significantly affected the stability of particulate forms of ZnO due to the acidif

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25

Sun, Ping, Yurun Chen, Tingting Tang, et al. "Effect of c-axis tilted orientation ZnO thin film on shear-mode bulk acoustic resonator in liquid environment." Materials Express 10, no. 9 (2020): 1477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1779.

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ZnO has been widely used as piezoelectric materials in bulk acoustic resonators, especially in shear-mode film bulk acoustic resonators (FBAR). In this paper, we studied the effect of c-axis tilted ZnO thin film on shear mode FBAR in liquid environment. Mechanical impedances of FBARs are compared between shear-mode and longitudinal-mode wave due to their different orientations of ZnO thin film. It is found ZnO thin film with 43° c-axis tilted angels induces quasi-shear-mode acoustic wave only. The Q values of FBAR with 43° c-axis tilted ZnO are 256.94 in air at 0.8148 GHz, and 34.34 in water a

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26

Amirabbasi, M., and E. Abdolhosseini Sarsari. "The electrical transport properties in ZnO bulk, ZnMgO/ZnO and ZnMgO/ZnO/ZnMgO heterostructures." Iranian Journal of Physics Research 18, no. 3 (2018): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/ijpr.18.3.493.

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27

Ali, Farida Ashraf, Gouranga Bose, Sushanta Kumar Kamilla, Dilip Kumar Mishra, and Priyabrata Pattanaik. "Fabrication and characterization of n-ZnO/p-GaSb heterojunction diode." Microelectronics International 36, no. 4 (2019): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi-01-2019-0002.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the growth and characterization of the two different compound semiconductors, namely, n-zinc oxide (ZnO) and p-gallium antimonide (GaSb). In this paper, fabrication and characterization of n-ZnO/p-GaSb heterojunction diode is analyzed. Design/methodology/approach Thermo vertical direction solidification (TVDS) method was used to synthesize undoped GaSb ingot from high purity Ga (5N) and Sb (4N) host materials. Thermal evaporation technique is used to prepare a film of GaSb on glass substrate from the pre-synthesized bulk material by TVDS method.

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28

Alsayed, Zainab, Mohamed Badawi, Ramadan Awad, Abouzeid Thabet та Ahmed El-Khatib. "Study of some γ-ray attenuation parameters for new shielding materials composed of nano ZnO blended with high density polyethylene". Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 34, № 4 (2019): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp190718033a.

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The extensive utilization of radiation is rapidly developing worldwide involving abundant fields like medical, industrial, research, and nuclear facilities. This makes the need for studying radiation shielding materials and their properties more urgent than ever. In the present study, bulk and nano ZnO were mixed by the same ratio each time (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.%), with high-density polyethylene as a polymer matrix and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results confirmed the good dispersion of bulk and nano ZnO particles within the polymer matrix. The prepared composite samples were use

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Al-Suleiman, M., A. Che Mofor, A. El-Shaer, A. Bakin, H. H. Wehmann, and A. Waag. "Photoluminescence properties: Catalyst-free ZnO nanorods and layers versus bulk ZnO." Applied Physics Letters 89, no. 23 (2006): 231911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2399349.

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30

Adekore, B. T., J. M. Pierce, R. F. Davis, D. W. Barlage, and J. F. Muth. "Nitrogen acceptors in bulk ZnO (0001¯) substrates and homoepitaxial ZnO films." Journal of Applied Physics 102, no. 2 (2007): 024908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2751097.

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31

Zhong, Xinhua, and Wolfgang Knoll. "Morphology-controlled large-scale synthesis of ZnO nanocrystals from bulk ZnO." Chemical Communications, no. 9 (2005): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b414948c.

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Peng, C. X., Hui Min Weng, K. F. Wang, et al. "Characterizing Native Point Defects in ZnO Bulk by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy." Materials Science Forum 607 (November 2008): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.607.137.

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Positron annihilation spectroscopy was employed to study the native point defects in ZnO single crystal, in combination with calculated results of positron lifetime and electron momentum distribution. The theoretical and experimental results of the positron lifetime in ZnO bulk ensure the presence of zinc monovacancy, and zinc monovacancy concentration begins to decrease above 600oC annealing treatment. Oxygen vacancies have been characterized by coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) spectroscopy, combined with calculated electron momentum distribution. CDB spectroscopies show that oxygen vacan

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33

Bhandarkar, L. V. "Room temperature ferromagnetic behavior in the nanocrystals of Fe doped ZnO synthesized by soft chemical route." Materials Science-Poland 37, no. 3 (2019): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2019-0057.

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AbstractIn the present study, nanocrystalline undoped and Fe (5 wt.%) doped ZnO powder has been synthesized by soft chemical route. The structural, nano/microstructural, vibrational and magnetic properties of these samples have been studied as a function of calcination temperature (400 °C to 1100 °C). X-ray diffraction analysis of Fe doped ZnO powder has shown the major nanocrystalline wurtzite (ZnO) phase and the minor cubic spinel-like secondary nanocrystalline phase at 700 °C. At calcination temperature of 700 °C, the magnetization and coercivity have been enhanced in Fe doped ZnO. As the c

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Moatamed, Eman Raafat, Aida Ahmed Hussein, Mohamed Mahmoud El-desoky, and Zakaria EL Khayat. "Comparative study of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its bulk form on liver function of Wistar rat." Toxicology and Industrial Health 35, no. 10 (2019): 627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233719878970.

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are produced in high tonnage each year; they are widely used in consumer and industrial products, also now finding applications in bioimaging and drug delivery. In the present study, comparison between ZnO NPs (39 nm) and its bulk/micron form (particle size = 5 µm) on liver function of rats was determined. In our study, liver enzymes biomarkers, serum lipid profile, zinc concentration, and histopathological examination in liver tissues were used to evaluate liver injury. Moreover, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), nitric oxide, and reduced glutathione lev

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Han, Jiaguang, Wei Chen, Jun Zhang, et al. "Terahertz Response of Bulk and Nanostructured ZnO." PIERS Online 4, no. 3 (2008): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2529/piers070905022416.

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Avrutin, Vitaliy, Gene Cantwell, Jizhi Zhang, J. J. Song, Donald J. Silversmith, and Hadis Morkoç. "Bulk ZnO: Current Status, Challenges, and Prospects." Proceedings of the IEEE 98, no. 7 (2010): 1339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2010.2040363.

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37

Hamby, D. W., D. A. Lucca, M. J. Klopfstein, and G. Cantwell. "Temperature dependent exciton photoluminescence of bulk ZnO." Journal of Applied Physics 93, no. 6 (2003): 3214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1545157.

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Chen, Yu-Chun, Eberhard Goering, Lars Jeurgens, et al. "Unexpected room-temperature ferromagnetism in bulk ZnO." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 16 (2013): 162405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4825268.

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Chen, W., L. F. Zhao, Y. Q. Wang, et al. "Magnetism in Mn-doped ZnO bulk samples." Solid State Communications 134, no. 12 (2005): 827–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2005.03.023.

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40

Triboulet, Robert. "Growth of ZnO bulk crystals: A review." Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials 60, no. 1 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcrysgrow.2013.12.001.

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Wang, Y. Q., S. L. Yuan, L. Liu, et al. "Ferromagnetism in Fe-doped ZnO bulk samples." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 320, no. 8 (2008): 1423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.10.007.

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Youn, C. J., T. S. Jeong, M. S. Han, and J. H. Kim. "Optical properties of Zn-terminated ZnO bulk." Journal of Crystal Growth 261, no. 4 (2004): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.09.044.

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Caballero, A. C., D. Fern�ndez Hevia, J. de Frutos, M. Peiteado, and J. F. Fern�ndez. "Bulk Grain Resistivity of ZnO-Based Varistors." Journal of Electroceramics 13, no. 1-3 (2004): 759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10832-004-5188-6.

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Polyakov, A. Y., N. B. Smirnov, A. V. Govorkov, et al. "Electrical properties of undoped bulk ZnO substrates." Journal of Electronic Materials 35, no. 4 (2006): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-006-0117-x.

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Cui, Meima, Zili Zhang, Yafang Wang, Adrian Finch, and P. D. Townsend. "Temperature dependence of bulk luminescence from ZnO." Luminescence 33, no. 4 (2018): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.3460.

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Zeuner, A., H. Alves, J. Sann, et al. "Nitrogen doping in bulk and epitaxial ZnO." physica status solidi (c) 1, no. 4 (2004): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200304255.

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Tomczyk, Monika, Pawel Osewski, Marie-Helene Berger, et al. "Bulk nanocomposite made of ZnO lamellae embedded in the ZnWO4 matrix: growth from the melt." Journal of Materials Science 56, no. 19 (2021): 11219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06020-y.

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AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures exhibiting high exciton binding energy and efficient radiative recombination, even at the room temperature, are of increasing interest due to their prospective exploitation in optoelectronic and laser applications. However, attempts to synthesize well-ordered structures through simple and fast process have faced many difficulties. Here, we demonstrate a novel manufacturing method of ZnO lamellae embedded in a crystalline wide band gap dielectric matrix of the zinc tungstate, ZnWO4. The manufacturing method is based on a directional solidification of a eu

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Asghar, M., Khalid Mahmood, and M. A. Hasan. "Investigation of Source of N-Type Conductivity in Bulk ZnO." Key Engineering Materials 510-511 (May 2012): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.510-511.227.

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In this study, we have investigated the source of then-type conductivity in bulk ZnO. Four samples with Zn concentrations 52%, 53%, 54% and 55 % were prepared by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). ZnO layers exhibited reamarkable increase in carrier concentration (5.0×1016cm-3to 2.2×1019cm-3) and decrease in resistivity (14.4 Ω cm to 0.009 Ω cm) as a function of Zn contents (52% to 55%) in the layers, respectively. We observed that with increasing thickness, the microstructure of films was improved. The thick films have less Zn-interstitials defects and consequently have lower carrier concentration

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Flores, Efracio Mamani, Rogério Almeida Gouvea, Maurício Jeomar Piotrowski, and Mário Lucio Moreira. "Band alignment and charge transfer predictions of ZnO/ZnX (X = S, Se or Te) interfaces applied to solar cells: a PBE+U theoretical study." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 7 (2018): 4953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp08177d.

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We performed first-principles calculations within PBE and PBE+U approximations to study ZnO and ZnX bulk systems and ZnO/ZnX interfaces (X = S, Se or Te), to the better comprehension of charge transference through the interface.

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He, Yi, Lei Xie, Shixiang Ding, et al. "Core–shell nanostructured Zn–Co–O@CoS arrays for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 14 (2021): 4923–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt00584g.

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Although zinc oxide (ZnO) with wide distribution is one of the most attractive energy storage materials, the low electronic conductivity and insufficient active sites of bulk ZnO increase the internal resistance and reduce the capacity of electrodes for supercapacitors.

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