Academic literature on the topic 'Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation'

In order to prevent safety risks, control marine accidents and improve the overall safety of marine navigation, this study established a marine accident prediction model. The influences of management characteristics, environmental characteristics, personnel characteristics, ship characteristics, pilotage characteristics, wharf characteristics and other factors on the safety risk of maritime navigation are discussed. Based on the official data of Zhejiang Maritime Bureau, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was used to construct a maritime accident classification prediction model, and the explainable machine learning framework SHAP was used to analyze the causal factors of accident risk and the contribution of each feature to the occurrence of maritime accidents. The results show that the XGBoost algorithm can accurately predict the accident types of maritime accidents with an accuracy, precision and recall rate of 97.14%. The crew factor is an important factor affecting the safety risk of maritime navigation, whereas maintaining the equipment and facilities in good condition and improving the management level of shipping companies have positive effects on improving maritime safety. By explaining the correlation between maritime accident characteristics and maritime accidents, this study can provide scientific guidance for maritime management departments and ship companies regarding the control or management of maritime accident prevention.

Real-time monitoring and detection of structural degradation helps in capturing the structural conditions of ships. The latest nondestructive testing (NDT) and sensor technologies will potentially be integrated into future generations of the structural integrity management program. This paper reports on a joint development project between Alaska Tanker Company, American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), and MISTRAS. The pilot project examined the viability of acoustic emission technology as a screening tool for surveys and inspection planning. Specifically, testing took place on a 32-year-old double-hull Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) trade tanker. The test demonstrated the possibility of adapting this technology in the identification of critical spots on a tanker in order to target inspections. This targeting will focus surveys and inspections on suspected areas, thus increasing efficiency of detecting structural degradation. The test has the potential to introduce new inspection procedures as the project undertakes the first commercial testing of the latest acoustic emission technology during a tanker's voyage.

After China implemented the strategy of "maritime power" strategy, maritime sports have achieved great development. The teaching and organization ability of navigation and sports teachers attracts the attention of the general society. The paper constructs the competency characteristic model of Marine physical education teachers through behavioral event interview method, Delphi method, exploratory factor analysis method and validation factor analysis method, and conducts the validation factor analysis in the later stage. The results show that the Marine PE teachers' competency characteristic model consists of six factors, namely cognition, management, motivation, interpersonal communication, self-improvement and professional quality. The total interpretation rate is 92.284%, effectively explaining the competency characteristics of the Marine PE teachers. This research can provide theoretical guidance and practical basis for the development of Marine physical education teachers, and lay an important foundation for the ability improvement of Marine physical education teachers.

After China implemented the strategy of "maritime power" strategy, maritime sports have achieved great development. The teaching and organization ability of navigation and sports teachers attracts the attention of the general society. The paper constructs the competency characteristic model of Marine physical education teachers through behavioral event interview method, Delphi method, exploratory factor analysis method and validation factor analysis method, and conducts the validation factor analysis in the later stage. The results show that the Marine PE teachers' competency characteristic model consists of six factors, namely cognition, management, motivation, interpersonal communication, self-improvement and professional quality. The total interpretation rate is 92.284%, effectively explaining the competency characteristics of the Marine PE teachers. This research can provide theoretical guidance and practical basis for the development of Marine physical education teachers, and lay an important foundation for the ability improvement of Marine physical education teachers.

<abstract><p>Maritime transportation plays a significant role in international trade and global supply chains. Ship navigation safety is the foundation of operating maritime business smoothly. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to marine environmental protection. To enhance maritime safety and reduce pollution in the marine environment, various regulations and conventions are proposed by international organizations and local governments. One of the most efficient ways of ensuring that the related requirements are complied with by ships is ship inspection by port state control (PSC). In the procedure of ship inspection, a critical issue for the port state is how to select ships of higher risk for inspection and how to optimally allocate the limited inspection resources to these ships. In this study, we adopt prediction and optimization approaches to address the above issues. We first predict the number of ship deficiencies based on a k nearest neighbor (kNN) model. Then, we propose three optimization models which aim for a trade-off between the reward for detected deficiencies and the human resource cost of ship inspection. Specifically, we first follow the predict-then-optimize framework and develop a deterministic optimization model. We also establish two stochastic optimization models where the distribution of ship deficiency number is estimated by the predictive prescription method and the global prescriptive analysis method, respectively. Furthermore, we conduct a case study using inspection data at the Hong Kong port to compare the performances of the three optimization models, from which we conclude that the predictive prescription model is more efficient and effective for this problem.</p></abstract>

Offshore pipelines and structures require regular marine growth removal and inspection to ensure structural integrity. These operations are typically carried out by Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) and demand reliable and accurate feedback signals for operating the ROVs efficiently under harsh offshore conditions. This study investigates and quantifies how sensor delays impact the expected control performance without the need for defining the control parameters. Input-output (IO) controllability analysis of the open-loop system is applied to find the lower bound of the H-infinity peaks of the unspecified optimal closed-loop systems. The performance analyses have shown that near-structure operations, such as pipeline inspection or cleaning, in which small error tolerances are required, have a small threshold for the time delays. The IO controllability analysis indicates that off-structure navigation allow substantial larger time delays. Especially heading is vulnerable to time delay; however, fast-responding sensors usually measure this motion. Lastly, a sensor comparison is presented where available sensors are evaluated for each ROV motion’s respective sensor-induced time delays. It is concluded that even though off-structure navigation have larger time delay tolerance the corresponding sensors also introduce substantially larger time delays.

As the increasingly strict emission regulations, develop new and efficient desulfurization equipment, to meet the requirements of future Marine sulfur emissions control, ensure freedom of navigation in all waters of the ship, we need to desulfurization of diesel engine emissions. Waste desulfurization generated also need to process and strict inspection to reach the discharge standard of corresponding IMO. The main purpose of this paper is to study a new system for processing waste engine emission for marine diesel engine, this system will make waste liquid treatment becomes more efficient, energy saving, but also saves the cost of waste water treatment. This paper introduces a new technology for processing ship washing desulfurization waste liquid, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this equipment. Finally, this method gives the improving measures for the problems and prospects for the development trend of ship desulfurization wastewater treatment.

Human watch-keeping is necessary to prevent incidents at sea such as groundings and collisions. For many years, electronic aids to navigation have been utilised in watch-keeping but, with electronic marine systems becoming more sophisticated, the part they play in preventing collisions and groundings should become increasingly important. However, this article uses secondary data from the Safety Digest for 2008 compiled by the Marine Accident Investigation Bureau of the United Kingdom; eight case studies are used to show that electronic marine systems, whether integrated or not, are still playing a part in poor watch-keeping resulting in collisions, near misses and groundings. Primary data from fishing skippers of British based vessels have been used to confirm the findings from the secondary data that poor watch-keeping is often the cause of not keeping a proper lookout and that the watch-keeper has a too heavy reliance on the electronic aids. Brief suggestions are made as to how the electronic aids may be adapted to overcome these problems and thus to support the watch-keeper.

Main engine failure will damage engine systems, reduce navigation safety, and cause serious marine accidents. The cooling system is very important to prevent the engine's mechanical efficiency from deteriorating and engine failure due to overheating. Therefore, a monitoring and error detection system is needed. The system is based on the Modbus RS485 communication and interface. The collection equipment uses components from the 7S-50MC diesel engine. PLC is used as processing equipment and Logic Panel Autonics S070 is used as an interface. Through these tests, error detection in this study can provide an indication of an error when an abnormal situation occurs. In addition, data monitoring and system fault indication can be displayed on the interface. Testing of the system proved that it complies with the Indonesian Shipping Bureau (BKI) regulations on engine warning systems. The research developed can form the basis of more complex and reliable monitoring and fault detection system for applications on ships.

Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) provide practical solutions for a wide range of activities in a particularly challenging domain, despite their dependence on support ships and operators. Recent advancements in AI, machine learning, predictive analytics, control theories, and sensor technologies offer opportunities to make ROVs (semi) autonomous in their operations and to remotely test and monitor their dynamics. This study moves towards that goal by formulating a complete navigation, guidance, and control (NGC) system for a six DoF BlueROV2, offering a solution to the current challenges in the field of marine robotics, particularly in the areas of power supply, communication, stability, operational autonomy, localization, and trajectory planning. The vehicle can operate (semi) autonomously, relying on a sensor acoustic USBL localization system, tethered communication with the surface vessel for power, and a line of sight (LOS) guidance system. This strategy transforms the path control problem into a heading control problem, aligning the vehicle’s movement with a dynamically calculated reference point along the desired path. The control system uses PID controllers implemented in the navigator flight controller board. Additionally, an infrastructure has been developed that synchronizes and communicates between the real ROV and its digital twin within the Unity environment. The digital twin acts as a visual representation of the ROV’s movements and considers hydrodynamic behaviors. This approach combines the physical properties of the ROV with the advanced simulation and analysis capabilities of its digital counterpart. All findings were validated at the Point Rouge port located in Marseille and at the port of Ancona. The NGC implemented has proven positive vehicle stability and trajectory tracking in time despite external interferences. Additionally, the digital part has proven to be a reliable infrastructure for a future bidirectional communication system.

AbstractIn many countries, inland waterway transport plays a significant role in the overall transport system. Navigation locks and dams are critical for inland waterways which regulate water and allow vessels to navigate. These infrastructures normally utilize large hydraulic steel structures, which are primarily of welded steel structures. Many of the critical welded joints of navigation lock gates have been in service for decades and are experiencing varying degrees of deterioration, mainly from fatigue. Inspection and maintenance of lock gates are expensive, generally requiring the complete closure of locks. Therefore, innovative strategies for the inspection and maintenance of lock gates are required. Fatigue cracks reflect the inherently poor fatigue performance of welded joints. Due to the cyclic loading nature of lock gates the fatigue of critical details requires assessment methods based on the reliability methods. Risk-based inspection planning are used for marine structures but seldom applied to inland navigation lock gates. This paper presents methods to update the failure probability of welded joints considering crack inspection data by using Dynamic Bayesian Network. Optimal inspection and repair plans can be evaluated by risk analysis, combining failure probabilities and associated expected costs for different events. In this study, a numerical example of the procedure of risk-based maintenance of a lock gate based on multiple critical welded joints is described. This reference case is a lock gate fabricated with five critical welded joints corresponding to different equivalent stress ranges. The conclusion is that risk-based maintenance of lock gates based on the optimization of the total expected cost is recommended.

Composite pressure vessels have been used for over 40 years in a variety of military, aerospace, marine, transportation, stationary, and vehicle applications. Codes, standards, and guidelines have been developed to address vessel performance in these high pressure applications by ASME and American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). A risk or hazard identification analysis may be conducted during qualification and approval process. Prototype and qualification testing in these standards validate the design and anticipated operating conditions. Knowledge has been gained from qualification testing, field experience, and inspection that supports selection of materials and design configurations for marine and land based applications. Periodic inspection of vessels mitigates risk, particularly in terms of detecting environmental and mechanically induced damage before failure can occur. This paper was written jointly between ABS and Lincoln Composites through the certification process of Lincoln’s Titan™ project. This paper will outline qualification of technology and, testing requirements, as well as discuss the basis for hazard mitigation and material selection in the marine environment. Paper published with permission.

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) operate independently of human control. The more sophisticated types of AUV are able to make their own mission-conformal decisions including appropriate action in unforeseen situations. The latest AUV development from ATLAS ELEKTRONIK is the SeaWolf, at present in the advanced development stage, is such a sophisticated type of AUV and will be shortly introduced into the market. The SeaWolf’s mission spectrum extends from the inspection of 2- and 3-D underwater facilities, maritime security in the underwater domain and to applications for maritime science. The vehicle belongs to the lower weight class of AUVs, has a large payload capacity and a endurance of several hours with a speed up to 8 kts. It is able to hover and has a very good manoeuvrability, due to its 5 propulsors. The SeaWolf can also be equipped with a fiberoptic cable, length of up to some kilometres, for broad band on-line data transmission. The Seawolf AUV, with its unique combination of power and manoeuvrability, will be able to execute a comprehensive variety of inspection, surveillance and reconnaissance tasks, including in high current environments and covering extremely complex structures. As well, SEAWOLF is able to detect and classify anomalies without human support. Such anomolies can be so handled even in areas of extensive marine growth such as mussels and barnacles, and in regions of poor visibility. To meet these demanding performance challenges, the SeaWolf is equipped with: • a multi-sensor package, • an efficient image processing software, • a precise geographic long range navigation system, • a very precise short range navigation system relative to the object, which guides the vehicle constantly in each axis from the object to be inspected ensuring a 100% coverage of the object’s surface. The SeaWolf is also able to execute the inspection from an existing CAD data from the target object. If such data are not available, SeaWolf will figure out the data file by itself on the basic of the actual inspection result. This paper presents the current AUV system ATLAS SeaWolf, describing the configuration and performance including an overview of potential applications and discusses the planned future developments.

Optimal visual clarity underwater is paramount for both commercial divers and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) engaged in critical offshore inspections. Water turbidity in ports, rivers, and other inland waters commonly obstructs underwater inspections and navigation, often leading to an increase in inspection costs or even rendering an inspection impossible. Artificially improving underwater visibility makes remote camera inspections realizable at conditions and locations previously thought to be impossible. To this end, we present a novel and unique solution to this problem in the form of our real-time video clarifier software. Under the supervision of the American Bureau of Shipping, we conducted experiments to test the software’s efficacy. Our experiment, conducted in 13.5 NTU water turbidity at the port of Galveston, evaluated Lolaark Vision Inc.'s groundbreaking video clarifier technology. Using a standard HD SDI camera connected to high-intensity light sources, the trial demonstrated an overall increase of 37% in the horizontal visibility radius. It was found that structures that were previously visible only 9 inches away from the camera, became visible after the application of the Clarifier even at 21 inches of distance between the camera and the object of interest thus yielding a video clarification factor of 2.33. Furthermore, by utilizing the Underwater Image Quality Measure (UIQM), we observed a notable 160% improvement in the UIQM score on average. This score is an objective metric of the visual information content of an image or a frame of a video clip. The video Clarifier works in real-time at maximum 1080p resolution and 30 frames per second. These findings underscore the transformative potential of Lolaark Vision's video Clarifier in significantly enhancing the efficiency and safety of underwater inspections performed by divers or by ROVs. Our successful experiments enabled the American Bureau of Shipping to award Lolaark Vision Inc. a New Technology Qualification at the “Technology Qualified” maturity level (approximately equivalent to a Level 4 TRL of API RP 17N/Q), further validating the Clarifier’s efficacy and relevance in offshore and inshore operations.

Real time in-situ measurements are essential for monitoring and understanding physical and biochemical changes within ocean environments. Phenomena of interest usually display spatial and temporal dynamics that span different scales. As a result, a combination of different vehicles, sensors, and advanced control algorithms are required in oceanographic monitoring systems. In this study our group presents the design of a distributed heterogeneous autonomous sensor network that combines underwater, surface, and aerial robotic vehicles along with advanced sensor payloads, planning algorithms and learning principles to successfully operate across the scales and constraints found in coastal environments. Examples where the robotic sensor network is used to localize algal blooms and collect modeling data in the coastal regions of the island nation of Singapore and to construct 3D models of marine structures for inspection and harbor navigation are presented. The system was successfully tested in seawater environments around Singapore where the water current is around 1–2m/s.

Cyber security in the maritime industry became crucial due to both academic researches and incidents. There are academic studies that show vulnerabilities in various navigation equipments such as GPS, ECDIS, AIS and ARPA-Radar. Additionally, there are different cyber incidents around the world. Developments in technology, autonomous ship projects, academic studies and cyber incidents in the sector put in action IMO. As per ISM Code, all shipping companies are mandatory to add “Guidelines on Maritime Cyber Risk Management” manual to their SMS manuals until 1st January 2021. Both OCIMF and CDI failed to be indifferent to developments that are important for tanker operators as well as IMO. While OCIMF added cybersecurity-related questions to vetting programs called TMSA 3 and VIQ 7, CDI also added cybersecurity-related items in SIR 9.8.1 edition. On the other hand, RightShip provides significant vetting service for dry cargo ships. “Inspection and Assessment Report” is issued by RigthShip for dry cargo ships. Questions related with cybersecurity was added with Revision No: 11 dated on 11th May 2017 in “Inspection and Assessment Report”. In this study, cyber security related questions which are asked during TMSA, SIRE and CDI vettings which play a critical role for commercial life of tanker firms, were analyzed. Moreover, questions and efficiency of RightShip that offers vetting service for dry cargo ships, were assessed to maritime cyber security. Also, cybersecurity-related questions in vetting questionnaires were interpreted by the author. These comments rely on benchmarking meetings among tanker operators where the author personally attended, and interview with key persons. Noted observations during vettings may negatively impact both commercial life and reputation of the tanker operators. That’s why the firm names and interviewee names were kept confidential. In this study, it was seen that although IMO demanded verification of cyber security-related implementations for the ship operators until 1st January 2021, this process started earlier for tanker operators.

Abstract Subsea conductors are the foundational elements of offshore drilling operations, serving a dual purpose as both the structural framework and the main conduit for casing installation and wellbore access. These cylindrical structures, often made from robust steel, extend from the seabed to the surface, piercing through the water column to provide a stable, continuous path for the drilling operations and subsequent production activities. As the initial point of contact with the subsea environment, they play a pivotal role in ensuring the structural integrity of the drilling operation and maintaining fluid communication between the subterranean layers and the surface facilities. The environments in which subsea conductors operate are among the most challenging on Earth, characterized by extreme pressures, corrosive saltwater, variable temperatures, and the mechanical stress imposed by dynamic sea conditions. These factors can severely impact the longevity and functionality of the conductors, making their integrity crucial to the safety, environmental stewardship, and efficiency of offshore drilling operations. Any compromise in their integrity—be it through corrosion, physical damage, or blockages—can have far-reaching consequences. These range from operational downtime, costly repairs, and loss of production to more severe outcomes like oil spills, which pose significant environmental hazards, and catastrophic failures, which present grave safety risks to personnel and marine life. Given these stakes, the regular and thorough inspection of subsea conductors is not merely a procedural step but a critical necessity. Advanced inspection techniques, including the use of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), ultrasonic testing, and magnetic flux leakage methods, are employed to detect anomalies such as cracks, corrosion, or deposits that could impede the flow of hydrocarbons or compromise the conductor’s structural integrity. These inspections are complemented by sophisticated maintenance strategies designed to preemptively address potential issues, thereby avoiding unplanned operational disruptions. Furthermore, the design and installation of subsea conductors demand meticulous planning and execution to ensure they can withstand the operational lifespan of the drilling platform, often several decades. Engineers must account for various factors, including the geological characteristics of the seabed, the anticipated load from the drilling operations, and the environmental forces, to design conductors that are both resilient and compliant with international standards and regulations. The use of a trash cap during offshore drilling operations is an essential practice for safeguarding the integrity of the wellbore and the surrounding marine environment. A trash cap, essentially a protective cover, is placed over the wellbore or the conductor pipe to prevent the ingress of debris, sediment, and other unwanted materials that could compromise the drilling process. This need arises from the potential for various types of refuse, ranging from natural debris carried by ocean currents to remnants of drilling activities, to obstruct the wellbore. Such blockages can lead to operational delays, increased costs, and, in severe cases, the abandonment of the drilling site. Moreover, the trash cap plays a critical role in environmental protection during drilling operations. By preventing pollutants and drilling by-products from escaping into the ocean, it helps mitigate the impact on marine life and water quality. The cap also serves as a barrier against accidental spills of drilling fluids or hydrocarbons, which can have devastating effects on marine ecosystems. In addition to these protective functions, the trash cap facilitates the maintenance and inspection activities essential for the efficient operation of offshore drilling. It allows for a controlled environment in which inspections can be carried out, and maintenance or repair work can be performed without the interference of external conditions. This is particularly important in harsh weather or when dealing with sensitive ecological areas. In summary, subsea conductors are not merely physical structures but critical components that underpin the viability and safety of offshore drilling operations. Their role extends beyond facilitating drilling activities to encompassing the safeguarding of environmental and personnel safety. As such, the integrity of these conduits is paramount, necessitating a regime of rigorous inspection, maintenance, and when necessary, repair, to mitigate the risks associated with their operation in the demanding offshore environment. This comprehensive approach ensures the continued efficiency, safety, and environmental compatibility of offshore drilling ventures, highlighting the sophisticated balance between engineering prowess and environmental responsibility in the pursuit of energy resources. The installation of subsea conductors during offshore drilling operations encompasses a range of complex challenges, stemming from both the harsh marine environment and the intricate engineering requirements of deep-water exploration. One of the foremost difficulties is the precise placement of these conductors on the seabed, which requires sophisticated navigation and positioning technologies to ensure accuracy in depths that can extend to several thousand feet. Environmental conditions such as strong ocean currents, high waves, and unpredictable weather further complicate this task, posing risks to both the equipment and the safety of the personnel involved. Additionally, the structural integrity of subsea conductors must be maintained against the immense pressures and corrosive elements found in deep-sea environments. This necessitates the use of materials and coatings that can withstand such conditions over long periods, alongside innovative design solutions to counteract the physical stresses imposed by the water depth and seabed conditions. The variability of the seabed’s geology also presents a significant challenge, as soft sediments may require different installation techniques compared to more stable rock formations. Another critical issue is the potential for environmental impact, which demands meticulous planning and execution to minimize disturbances to marine ecosystems. The installation process must adhere to stringent environmental regulations and best practices to prevent damage to marine life and habitats. Furthermore, the logistical complexities of transporting and handling the heavy and cumbersome conductor pipes and installation equipment in the open sea cannot be underestimated. This requires not only specialized vessels and machinery but also highly skilled personnel to execute the operations safely and efficiently. Overcoming these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach that combines advanced technological solutions, detailed environmental assessments, and robust engineering and operational planning. The ability to adapt to the dynamic and demanding conditions of offshore drilling is crucial for the successful installation of subsea conductors, underscoring their critical role in the exploration and production of offshore hydrocarbon resources. This paper delves into the intricacies of a state-of-the-art drop-down camera system, meticulously designed and engineered for the internal inspection of subsea conductors. The emphasis is on the system’s development, from conceptualization through to testing and operational deployment, highlighting its role in preempting operational issues by identifying and removing debris or obstructions within the conductors. The deployment of this technology at the North Safa platform represents a significant advancement in subsea inspection methodologies. GUPCO, a joint venture between the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC) and a Dragon oil which is a leading international oil company, has played a pivotal role in harnessing the potential of the North Safa Oil Field through innovative technologies and sustainable practices. The camera system is equipped with high-resolution imaging capabilities, bolstered by powerful LED lighting to ensure clarity and visibility in the deep-sea environment. A key feature of the system is its flexibility, facilitated by a durable tether that allows the camera to navigate the complex architecture of subsea conductors with precision. This flexibility is critical for the thorough inspection of conductor slots, which can vary widely in design and condition. Operational deployment involves lowering the camera system into the conductor from the platform. A subsea Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) plays a pivotal role in guiding the system through the conductor’s slots, a task that requires meticulous control and navigation to avoid damaging the conductor’s internal surfaces. The inspection process is comprehensive, focusing on the identification of potential obstructions, debris, and signs of wear or damage that could compromise the conductor’s integrity. The real-time data transmission capability of the camera system is a significant technological advancement, enabling instant analysis and decision-making. This feature is particularly beneficial for offshore operations where time is of the essence, and rapid responses to potential issues are necessary to prevent downtime or accidents. Results from the system’s deployment on the North Safa platform have been overwhelmingly positive, demonstrating its effectiveness in detecting and eliminating potential threats to conductor integrity. The high-resolution cameras provide detailed imagery of the conductor walls, revealing even the smallest particles or blockages that could pose a risk to drilling operations. This level of detail is crucial for ensuring the safety and efficiency of offshore drilling activities. The implications of this technology extend far beyond the immediate benefits of cleaner and safer conductors. By enhancing the reliability of subsea infrastructure, the camera system contributes to the overall operational efficiency of offshore drilling operations. It represents a proactive approach to maintenance and safety management, reducing the likelihood of unforeseen disruptions and the associated costs. Moreover, the adoption of such sophisticated inspection technologies underscores the offshore industry’s commitment to safety and environmental stewardship. By ensuring the integrity of critical infrastructure, the industry can mitigate the risks of spills and accidents, contributing to the protection of marine ecosystems. In conclusion, the development and deployment of the drop-down camera system for subsea conductor inspection mark a significant technological leap in offshore drilling operations. Its success in the North Safa platform demonstrates the system’s potential for broader industry adoption, offering a viable solution for enhancing the safety and efficiency of subsea drilling activities. The system’s ability to provide detailed, real-time insights into the condition of subsea conductors sets a new standard for operational excellence in the offshore oil and gas industry. As the industry continues to explore and exploit deep-water reserves, the importance of such advanced inspection technologies will only increase, underscoring their role in ensuring the sustainable and safe development of offshore resources.

Abstract Wellhead Platform AWP-26 was originally developed under PTTEP Arthit Phase 2C, completed installation in 2014 and started a production from 2016 to serve gas plateau and to sustain the Arthit production. Upon depletion of AWP-26 in 2019, PTTEP Arthit Asset realized the opportunity to relocate the AWP-26 to the new prospective location in order to maximize reservoir production. In 2021, the first PTTEP Topside Reuse Project has been put into the offshore execution stage where we proud to present in this paper. The main objective of the project is to convert the originally topside design AWP-26 to suit with new prospective location and renamed to AWR-26. The topside is reused where the subsea structure (so called "jacket") is newly built as to suit with new water depth and soil parameters at the new location. The existing jacket and subsea pipeline were left as is for future decommissioning. While waiting the existing jacket to be decommissioned, tentative in 2026-2031, it is important to install navigation lights system to warn the marine to avoid collision of the remaining jacket structure. The minimal and fit for purposed structure platform is then designed (so called "navigation aid platform") was fabricated and installed onto the existing jacket for safe marine operation. It is not so simple just to relocate and make use of the existing topside to suit with the new prospective location, there were tremendous activities to be considered, starting with engineering design to make the existing topside design to be technically compatible with new process parameters of the new prospective location. Following by the early stage for preparatory works in collaboration within an internal PTTEP parties (Project Construction, Arthit Asset, Arthit Operation & Maintenance and Logistic Team), for the activities including but not limited to; platform plug and abandon, removal of flowlines, preservation of Booster Compressor, collecting the base line inspection data for piping system, platform structural integrity check, etc. In addition, to ascertain the overall weight of topside was within the safe margin and clearly defined the Centre of Gravity (CG) for the topside lifting purpose, all the vessels, tanks, containers, associated piping including the sludge removal were performed.