Academic literature on the topic 'Burkes pentad'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Burkes pentad.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Burkes pentad"
1
Shearer, Allan W. "Applying Burke’s Dramatic Pentad to scenarios." Futures 36, no. 8 (October 2004): 823–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2004.01.009.
Full text
2
Ebigbagha, Sylvester Zifegha. "7. The Burke’s Pentad Heuristic: Potentiality for Creative Idea Generation in Graphic Communication Design." Review of Artistic Education 20, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 228–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2020-0028.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Burke’s Pentad (Act, Agent, Agency, Scene and Purpose) is a creative idea generation guide for dramatism (or dramatistic framework). Its utilization to probe, often engenders a process of stochastic combination, whereby a vista of multiple ideational variations emerge in one’s mind, from which an appropriate subset could be selected and implemented. This usually affords inspiration, creative flow and energy that are pivotal for success in drama as much as in visual communication. However, there is prevalent unawareness of the potentials of the Pentad model as a veritable structure to creating innovative ideas in art and design. Therefore, this paper focused on the potentiality of the Pentad for creating and or analyzing ideas on form generation for pedagogical, practical, or theoretical purpose in graphic communication design. Towards this end, a triangulation of methods: critical-historical-analytic examination, artistic exploration, and content analysis are employed. The paper introduced the reader to the need for a strategy to generate new ideas, stimulate creative thinking, and enhance self-motivation in visual expression for structural and human development. Furthermore, it highlighted the processes of creativity, and form generation for material culture development. Also, the paper discussed the Pentad and its utilization for generating new ideas in art/design. It was found that the Pentad is indispensable in generating ideas for creating, interpreting and teaching visual form. The paper ended with the need for visual communicators to be acquainted by use of the Pentad for creative ideas to generate product with satisfactory outcomes.
3
Rountree, Clarke, and John Rountree. "Burke’s Pentad as a Guide for Symbol-Using Citizens." Studies in Philosophy and Education 34, no. 4 (August 23, 2014): 349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11217-014-9436-1.
Full text
4
Griffin, Jonathan. "A pentadic model of semiotic analysis." Semiotica 2018, no. 225 (November 6, 2018): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2017-0009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Kenneth Burke’s dramatistic pentad can be understood as a pentadic model of semiotic analysis. Dyadic, triadic, and other relational models offer valuable benefits, but Burke’s pentad is especially useful and relevant given its focus on both action and motive/purpose. Here we will look in more detail at some of these benefits of Burke’s schema understood in this semiotic light, and then we’ll apply the model to a few examples of object analysis. If it is true that Burke’s pentad works in this way as well as we think it does, then fruitful ground exists here for other researchers as well, particularly since Burke’s pentadic model features much less in the field of semiotics proper than do more common dyadic and triadic based models.
5
Zhang, Yuqing, Qinglong You, Changchun Chen, Jing Ge, and Muhammad Adnan. "Evaluation of Downscaled CMIP5 Coupled with VIC Model for Flash Drought Simulation in a Humid Subtropical Basin, China." Journal of Climate 31, no. 3 (January 18, 2018): 1075–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0378.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Compared to traditional drought events, flash droughts evolve rapidly during short-term extreme atmospheric conditions, with a lasting period of one pentad to several weeks. There are two main categories of flash droughts: the heat wave flash drought (HWFD), which is mainly caused by persistent high temperatures (heat waves), and the precipitation deficit flash drought (PDFD), which is mainly triggered by precipitation deficits. The authors’ previous research focused on the characteristics and causes of flash drought based on meteorological observations and Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model simulations in a humid subtropical basin (Gan River basin, China). In this study, the authors evaluated the downscaled phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) models’ simulations, coupled with the VIC model (CMIP5–VIC) in reproducing flash droughts in a humid subtropical basin in China. Most downscaled CMIP5–VIC simulations can reproduce the spatial patterns of flash droughts with respect to the benchmarks. The coupled models fail to readily replicate interannual variation (interannual pentad change), but most models can reflect the interannual variability (temporal standard deviation) and long-term average pentads of flash droughts. It is difficult to simultaneously depict both the spatial and temporal features of flash droughts within only one coupled model. The climatological patterns of the best multimodel ensemble mean are close to those of the all-model ensemble mean, but the best multimodel ensemble mean has a minimal bias range and relatively low computational burden.
6
McComiskey, Bruce. "Defining Institutional Problems: A Heuristic Procedure." Business Communication Quarterly 58, no. 4 (December 1995): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108056999505800404.
Full textAbstract:
This essay explores heuristic uses of Kenneth Burke's pen tad of dramatistic terms for defining institutional problems. Answering questions about institutional problems arranged according to Burke's pentad, students learn to incorporate multiple perspectives into their problem statements provid ing with them a socially inclusive foundation for problem solving reports.
7
Bourgonjon, Jeroen, Kris Rutten, Ronald Soetaert, and Martin Valcke. "FromCounter-StriketoCounter-Statement: using Burke's pentad as a tool for analysing video games." Digital Creativity 22, no. 2 (June 2011): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2011.578577.
Full text
8
Weitz, Gayle. "Kenneth Burke's Dramatist Pentad as an Alternative Approach to Art Criticism in the Classroom." Marilyn Zurmuehlen Working Papers in Art Education 8, no. 1 (1990): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/2326-7070.1196.
Full text
9
Walker, Robyn, and Nanette Monin. "The purpose of the picnic: using Burke’s dramatistic pentad to analyse a company event." Journal of Organizational Change Management 14, no. 3 (June 2001): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810110394886.
Full text
10
Fox, Catherine. "Beyond the "Tyranny of the Real": Revisiting Burke's Pentad as Research Method for Professional Communication." Technical Communication Quarterly 11, no. 4 (October 2002): 365–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15427625tcq1104_1.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Burkes pentad"
1
Danielsson, Adam. "Är det verkligen skillnad? - Trovärdighet i miljöreklam." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23965.
Full textAbstract:
Den här uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur trovärdighet i reklam skapas genom vilka val som görs när det kommer till narratologiska och filmtekniska komponenter. Genom en kritisk retorikanalys med stöd av narratologi och filmteknisk teori, granskas reklamfilmen Gunde Svan och sjungande grenar som drivmedelsbolaget Preem gav ut hösten 2019. I analysen framkommer det att Preem bygger sin trovärdighet i frågan på ethos- och pathosargumentation, där Gunde Svan och de sjungande grenarna spelar en stark roll i det narratologiska, med hjälp av filmtekniska aspekter som iscensättning, ljud och ljus.Sökord: Grön marknadsföring, Greenwashing, Kritisk retorikanalys, Trovärdighet i reklam, Burkes pentad, Filmtekniska komponenter.This paper aims to investigate how credibility in advertising is created through what choices are made when it comes to narratological and film-technical components. Through a critical rhetorical analysis supported by narratology and cinematic theory, the commercial Gunde Svan och sjungande grenar, issued by the fuel company Preem in the fall 2019 is examined. The analysis reveals that Preem builds its credibility on the issue on ethos and pathos reasoning, where Gunde Svan and the branches play strong roles in the narratological, with the help of film-technical aspects such as staging, sound and light.Keywords: Green marketing, Greenwashing, Critical rhetorical analysis, Credibility in advertising, Burke’s Pentad, Film style
2
Geise, Susanne Seybold. "From Ambiguity to Perspicuity: Applying Burke's Pentad as a Means of Preserving and Expanding the Discourse Community of Blacksmithing History in Hancock County." University of Findlay / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=findlay1525801452672734.
Full text
3
Spathon, Daniel. "Dialektens retorik : En studie om dialekter som retorisk resurs." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19657.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines dialect as a rhetorical means of persuasion. A survey containing inquires about four different Swedish dialects have been handed out mainly in Södertörn University and Stockholm University, in order to research the values and connotations of theese dialects. The four chosen dialects are as following: Göteborgska, Stockholmska, Norrländska and Skånska. The results of the survey are processed and compiled to see which attitudes these values and connotations may indicate to each dialect. These attitudes and values are then discussed in correlation with five rhetorical theories: Attitude as a means of persuation, Ethos, Persona, Rhetorical Agency and Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of Field and Habitus. From this discussion, conclusions are drawn about whether dialect may be used as a means of persuasion. However, the values and attitudes presented from the survey represents only the survey participants, and cannot be regarded as a general opinion. Altough it is a small-scale survey, certain conclusions can be made. The author of this essay concludes that dialect may be used as a means of persuasion, based on the survey results and rhetorical theories presented above. Finally, a critical component for this rhetorical agent is the adjustment of the audience. Without knowing the audiences values and attitudes to the dialect, the outcome of the effect may be hard to predict.
4
Krystal, Ingman. "Nonverbal communication on the net: Mitigating misunderstanding through the manipulation of text and use of images in computer-mediated communication." University of Findlay / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=findlay1557507788275899.
Full text
5
Guthrie, Nichole Hurley. "Necessary Contradictions: Critical Pedagogy and Kenneth Burke's Pentad." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05202003-131348/.
Full textAbstract:
Critical pedagogy, a teaching philosophy that encourages critical reflection in students so that they may expose and change oppressive societal structures, has been plagued by criticisms from a variety of sources. Critics charge that critical pedagogy is marred by irreconcilable contradictions such as its inappropriateness for non-oppressed students, its neglect of students? needs, and its unsuitability for most instructors privileged by the dominant ideology. Examining the internal consistency of Kenneth Burke?s pentadic ratios can be a useful tool for analyzing these contradictions, specifically those related to scene-act, agent-purpose, and act-agent. However, these contradictions, inherent in the very nature of critical pedagogy, seem to defy Burke?s pentad. Without inconsistencies between critical pedagogy, its purpose, its agents, and the broader scene in which it operates, the impetus for the enactment of critical pedagogy would not be present. Therefore, instead of seeking to deny or eradicate contradiction, critical theorists and educators need to make use of it in their own philosophies and practices. Because both critical educators and their students should confront and grapple with these contradictions in critical practice, the apparent flaws in critical pedagogy can actually encourage the critical consciousness that is the goal of the enterprise.
6
Whims, Joette Ilene. "Applying Kenneth Burke's dramatistic pentad for revision strategies for inexperienced writers." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2240.
Full text
7
Petermann, Waldemar. "Attitudes toward Attitude : Kenneth Burke's views on Attitude." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27558.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, a review of Kenneth Burke's use of the term attitude in his published works as well as in some unpublished notes, drafts and letters, is performed. Three periods of different usage are found. Early works feature a pervasive attitude with elements of both body and mind. This attitude is then subsumed into the pentad and the physiological connection is diminished, but attitude is given an important function as a connective between action and motion. The later Burke reinstates attitude as central to his theory of symbolic action, reconnects it to the physiological and includes it in the Pentad with parsimony-inducing effect. The attitude is then found to aid rhetorical analysis and show promise in being able to help analyse expressions not wholly in the realm of the conscious, be they in the form of a Bourdieu social practice or barely conscious rhetorical markers in conversation.
8
Sowder, Nathan. "Risky business: A pentadic analysis of two West Virginia coal mining disasters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23135.
Full textAbstract:
In just five years West Virginia was rocked with two devastating disasters in the coal mining industry. Despite the disasters, West Virginians could not just walk away from the mines, as they depended on the coal industry for jobs and tax revenue. West Virginia had built a purpose-driven orientation towards the coal industry through a historical and current dependency on coal. However, the two disasters had a chance to alter that dominant orientation. In order to understand how or if the coal orientation was altered, by the disaster or the discourse that followed, a pentadic analysis was completed. The analysis revealed that the coal companies constantly battled a tension between the elements of agency and purpose, while trying to overcome a scene that made safety challenging. In the end, one mining company altered the purpose-driven orientation, as the other reinforced the orientation. As both of the situations offered different orientations towards coalmining, their orientations showed that coal companies can be purpose-driven providers but also a responsible provider, understanding not only that miners need a paycheck, but also safety. In the end, when companies use the purpose-driven orientation, created from the history, present, and future of the West Virginia coal industry, their orientation drives profits and reduces the importance of safety for the coal miners, making coal mining a risky business. However, after just one disaster, despite the mining company\'s orientation, the companies become providers to no oneMaster of Arts
9
Hoppe, Magnus. "The intelligence worker as a knowledge activist : An alternative view on intelligence by the use of Burke’s pentad." Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-19060.
Full textAbstract:
As society and business is becoming more complex, the creation and management of knowledge attracts more attention. For intelligence research it offers an alternative perspective on the art and science of intelligence that challenges a previous dominance of strategy and decision-making theories. The article is based on semi-structured interviews with intelligence personnel in four different multinational companies. Through the use of Burke’s pentad this article gives an account of important challenges encountered by intelligence personnel in modern business organizations due to an increasing dependence on different knowledge processes. These challenges are summarized in four central tasks for knowledge activists; that is to initiate and focus knowledge creation, to reduce the time and cost needed for knowledge creation, to leverage knowledge creation initiatives throughout the corporation and to guide knowledge creation by the instigation of complementary reference points. By engaging in these types of activities intelligence workers are able to stage and influence different sorts of analytical conversations, where the insights from these conversations as reformed knowledge govern an evolving strategy in dispersed circumstances. Thus, intelligence workers fulfil their purpose, which in this perspective can be viewed as creating better business in whatever process they engage in.
10
Dilber, Anton. "Henry V - en ärans man : En dramatistisk analys av Sankt Crispiani dag-talet i Shakespeares Henry V." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-10971.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this essay is to understand the rhetoric presented by Henry V in Shakespeare’s St. Crispin’s day speech. More specifically, it examines the speech from a "dramatistic" point of view, i.e. the way Henry V is labeling agent, scene, act, agency and purpose in the narrative that his rhetoric constitutes. These labels are in themselves strategic spots, allowing the rhetorician to stage a reality that seeks to promote certain ways of thinking, feeling and acting that are beneficial to him. By examining these labels closely, we gain knowledge of their workings and – perhaps more importantly – their interchangeability. The analysis is based on Kenneth Burke’s dramatistic pentad and his ideas on how dialectical transformation can deepen our understanding of certain representations of reality. The methodology used is mostly that of Kenneth Burke when dealing with the elements of the pentad and its transformations, found in his work A grammar of motives. But it is also inspired by Hahn & Morlando’s (1979) Burkean analysis of Abraham Lincoln’s second inaugural address. The main conclusion is that Henry V overcomes his rhetorical obstacles (his men’s lack of motivation and questioning of the war) by reducing his narrative to the purpose. This purpose (and key term) is "honor", treated by Henry V as a term primarily rooted in the act, which is beneficial to his cause, since it allows men of all ranks to view themselves capable of gaining honor by performing the act of fighting. Furthermore, his focus on honor (and its dreaded counterpart – mediocrity and unmanliness) has the added side effect of drawing attention from some of his men’s critique of the war.
Books on the topic "Burkes pentad"
1
Babor, Thomas, Jonathan Caulkins, Benedikt Fischer, David Foxcroft, Keith Humphreys, María Elena Medina-Mora, Isidore Obot, et al. Drug Policy and the Public Good. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198818014.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Drug Policy and the Public Good presents the accumulated scientific knowledge of direct relevance to the development of drug policy on local, national, and international levels. The book explores both illicit drug use and non-medical use of prescription medications within a public health perspective. A conceptual basis for a rational drug policy is presented, along with new epidemiological data on the global dimensions of drug misuse, significant trends in drug epidemics, and the global burden of disease attributable to drug misuse. The markets for both illicit and legally prescribed psychoactive substances are described, showing that these two sources of drug supply are becoming increasingly connected in many countries. The core of the book is a critical review of the cumulative scientific evidence in five general areas of drug policy: primary prevention programmes in schools and other settings; treatment interventions and harm reduction approaches; attempts to control the supply of illicit drugs, including drug interdiction and law enforcement; decriminalization and penal approaches; and control of the legal market through prescription drug regimes. The final chapters discuss the trend toward legalization of some psychoactive substances in different parts of the world and describe the need for a new approach to drug policy that is evidence-based, realistic, and coordinated. The evidence reviewed in this book suggests that an integrated and balanced approach to evidence-informed drug policy is more likely to benefit the public good than are uncoordinated efforts to reduce drug supply and demand.
Book chapters on the topic "Burkes pentad"
1
Skågeby, Jörgen. "A Systemic Approach to Online Sharing Motivations." In Cyber Behavior, 1959–74. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5942-1.ch103.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this conceptual chapter is to present and argue for a cross-disciplinary and systemic approach to the examination of motivations for sharing digital media objects via social mediating technologies. The theoretical foundation of this approach is built on two social theories from rhetorical analysis (Burke's pentad) and gift research (gift systems), respectively. A synthesis of these two theories provides an approach capable of producing more coherent and contextually grounded insights regarding online sharing motivations. The reason these two theories were identified as useful is that they acknowledge and incorporate social and contextual factors. This is important to overcome the assumption that motivations to share are detached from the specifics of actors, situations, and sociotechnical means. As such, this cross-disciplinary combination challenges the limited, but common approach of trying to identify generic motivations for contributing to virtual communities. Instead, this chapter argues for a consideration of situated and contextual motivations for contributing by highlighting the conceptual questions what, to whom, how, where, and finally, why. In conclusion, the chapter fills a gap in the literature on online motivations mainly because current models focus on motivations as self-containing. Instead, this chapter suggests to consider sociotechnical means, types of relationships, values of media objects, identity, or culture in cohort.
2
Skågeby, Jörgen. "A Systemic Approach to Online Sharing Motivations." In Virtual Community Participation and Motivation, 192–207. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0312-7.ch012.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this conceptual chapter is to present and argue for a cross-disciplinary and systemic approach to the examination of motivations for sharing digital media objects via social mediating technologies. The theoretical foundation of this approach is built on two social theories from rhetorical analysis (Burke’s pentad) and gift research (gift systems), respectively. A synthesis of these two theories provides an approach capable of producing more coherent and contextually grounded insights regarding online sharing motivations. The reason these two theories were identified as useful is that they acknowledge and incorporate social and contextual factors. This is important to overcome the assumption that motivations to share are detached from the specifics of actors, situations, and sociotechnical means. As such, this cross-disciplinary combination challenges the limited, but common approach of trying to identify generic motivations for contributing to virtual communities. Instead, this chapter argues for a consideration of situated and contextual motivations for contributing by highlighting the conceptual questions what, to whom, how, where, and finally, why. In conclusion, the chapter fills a gap in the literature on online motivations mainly because current models focus on motivations as self-containing. Instead, this chapter suggests to consider sociotechnical means, types of relationships, values of media objects, identity, or culture in cohort.
3
Gardner, Daniel K. "3. Government in Confucian teachings." In Confucianism: A Very Short Introduction, 33–47. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780195398915.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
‘Government in Confucian teachings’ describes Confucius' teachings on the ideal ruler and the process of government. A good ruler is a superior man (junzi) who must model the morality he would like his subjects to cultivate. Culture and tradition, Confucius suggests, are more effective, stronger tools in shaping the behavior and ideals of the people than legal and penal codes. A good ruler will appoint as officials only those men who share his commitment to Confucian principles and the social and material well-being of the people. Government must be fiscally sensitive, mindful of the heavy burden taxation places on the people.
4
Vale, Lawrence J., and Thomas J. Campanella. "Introduction: The Cities Rise Again." In The Resilient City. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Whoever penned the Latin maxim Sic transit gloria mundi (thus passes the glory of the world) was likely not an urbanist. Although cities have been destroyed throughout history—sacked, shaken, burned, bombed, flooded, starved, irradiated, and poisoned—they have, in almost every case, risen again like the mythic phoenix. As one painstakingly thorough statistical survey determined, only forty-two cities worldwide were permanently abandoned following destruction between the years 1100 and 1800. By contrast, cities such as Baghdad, Moscow, Aleppo, Mexico City, and Budapest lost between 60 and 90 percent of their populations due to wars during this period, yet they were rebuilt and eventually rebounded. After about 1800, such resilience became a nearly universal fact of urban settlement around the globe. The tenacity of the urban life force inspired one of Rudyard Kipling’s most famous poems: . . Cities and Thrones and Powers Stand in Time’s eye, Almost as long as flowers, Which daily die: But, as new buds put forth To glad new men, Out of the spent and unconsidered Earth, The Cities rise again. . . There have been some exceptions, Kipling notwithstanding. One of these is St. Pierre, Martinique—once known as “the Paris of the Antilles.” On May 8, 1902, the eruption of Mount Pelée buried the city under pyroclastic lava flows. Nearly 30,000 residents and visitors perished; only one man survived, a prisoner in solitary confinement. St. Pierre was not a resilient city. Yet one is hard-pressed to think of other cities that have not recovered. Atlanta, Columbia, and Richmond all survived the devastation wrought by the American Civil War and remain state capitals today. Chicago emerged stronger than ever following the 1871 fire, as did San Francisco from the earthquake and fires of 1906. We still have Hiroshima and Nagasaki, despite the horrors of nuclear attack. Both Dresden and Coventry have been rebuilt. Warsaw lost 61 percent of its 1.3 million residents during World War II, yet surpassed its prewar population by 1967. Even as the war still raged, farsighted planners and designers surreptitiously assembled voluminous documentation of the city that the Nazis were systematically dismembering. After the war, they painstakingly (if creatively) replicated the exteriors of hundreds of buildings in the Old Town and New Town, while modernizing the interiors.
5
Raustiala, Kal. "Territoriality in American Law." In Does the Constitution Follow the Flag? Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195304596.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
In 1899 the English writer Rudyard Kipling penned a poem entitled “The White Man’s Burden.” The phrase is now famous, though few probably know that Kipling was its author. Fewer still know the full title: “The White Man’s Burden: The United States and the Philippine Islands.” Kipling published the poem to implore the United States, which had just defeated Spain in a war, to assume control of Spain’s former colonies. By the end of the nineteenth century the United States had grown into an economic giant and had shown itself capable of vanquishing a once great European nation. Now, Kipling suggested, it was time to step into its natural role as an imperial power. His final verse made clear the stakes: . . . Take up the White Man’s burden— Have done with childish days— The lightly proferred laurel, The easy, ungrudged praise. Comes now, to search your manhood Through all the thankless years Cold, edged with dear-bought wisdom, The judgment of your peers! . . . Many Americans at the time agreed that victory in the Spanish-American War of 1898 demonstrated that the United States was now a world power of the first rank. Yet as the poem suggests, they were not entirely sure about ruling Spain’s former colonial islands. Even if the United States did follow the lead of other great powers and build an overseas empire, it was unclear exactly how its colonies should be governed. Were the islands acquired from Spain subject to the same laws as ordinary American territory, or could the United States rule offshore territories differently simply because they were offshore? In short, as contemporaries put the question, did the Constitution follow the flag? This debate consumed the American public and elites alike. It became a central theme in the 1900 presidential contest between Republican incumbent William McKinley and Democratic challenger William Jennings Bryan. The Democratic Party platform emphatically declared an anti-imperial stance: “We hold that the Constitution follows the flag, and denounce the doctrine that an Executive or Congress deriving their existence and their powers from the Constitution can exercise lawful authority beyond it or in violation of it . . . Imperialism abroad will lead quickly and inevitably to despotism at home.”
6
Lacey, Nicola, and David Soskice. "American Exceptionalism in Inequality and Poverty: A (Tentative) Historical Explanation." In Tracing the Relationship between Inequality, Crime and Punishment, 41–67. British Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266922.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
The United States is a fascinating case study in the complex links between crime, punishment and inequality, standing out as it does in terms of inequality as measured by a number of economic standards; levels of serious violent crime; and rates of imprisonment, penal surveillance and post-conviction disqualifications. This chapter builds on the authors’ previous work arguing that the exceptional rise in violent crime and punishment in the US from the mid-1970s to the early 1990s can be explained by the interaction of four political and economic variables: ‘technological regime change’; ‘varieties of capitalism’ and ‘varieties of welfare state’; types of ‘political system’; and – critically and specifically – the US as a radical outlier in the degree of local democracy. Three further questions implied by the authors’ previous work are asked. First, why did such distinctive patterns of local democracy arise in America? And how is this political structure tied up with the history and politics of race? Second, what did the distinctive historical development of the US political economy in the 19th century imply for the structure of its criminal justice institutions? And third, why did the burden of crime and punishment come to fall so disproportionately on African Americans?
Conference papers on the topic "Burkes pentad"
1
Sadler, Victoria, and Kenneth Bellew. "Introducing rhetoric into usability: applying burke's pentad." In 2009 IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (IPCC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcc.2009.5428217.
Full text
2
Evans, Rob. "The pentad and the EIS: Using Burke's pentad to analyze environmental impact statements issued by the U.S. military." In 2011 IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (IPCC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcc.2011.6087202.
Full text
3
Andersson, Mats, Anders Larsson, Annika Lindholm, and Jenny Larfeldt. "Extended Fuel Flexibility Testing of Siemens Industrial Gas Turbines: A Novel Approach." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69027.
Full textAbstract:
Opportunity gaseous fuels are of great interest for small and medium sized gas turbines. The variety of gaseous fuels that Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB (SIT) is requested to make judgments on is continuously expanding. From such requests follows an increasing need for testing new fuels. The SIT novel approach for fuel flexibility testing, EBIT, has been to combine the single burner rig testing with a full scale engine test to give a cost effective and flexible solution. The combination of the two approaches is accomplished by using a separate feed of testing fuel to one or more burners in a standard gas turbine installation where the other burners use standard fuel from standard fuel system for engine operation. The separate feed of testing fuel can be operated as a slave to engine governor heat demand, but can also be controlled independently. This paper describes how EBIT has been implemented and tested. Combustion monitoring techniques and measurements to check behavior and predictions for full scale engine tests are presented. Results from testing with a blended natural gas with more than 50% of heat input from pentane, C5H12, in a SGT-700 engine shows that the EBIT concept is possible and powerful. The SIT 3rd generation DLE burner proves to be very fuel flexible and tolerant to high levels of pentane in the fuel. Less than 20% increase in NOx emissions can be expected when using pentane rich fuels. The burner is used in the SGT-800 47MW engine and the SGT-700 31MW engine.
4
Scarth, Douglas, Prabhat Krishnaswamy, Phillip Rush, and Douglas Munson. "Technical Basis for Maximum Allowable Indentation Depths in HDPE Pipes for Proposed ASME Section III Code Case on Alternative Requirements to Appendix XXVI for Inspection and Repair." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93767.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Mandatory Appendix XXVI of Section III of the ASME B&PV Code contains rules for the construction of Class 3 polyethylene pressure piping systems. The scope is limited to buried portions of Class 3 service water or buried portions of Class 3 cooling water systems, consisting of PE4710 High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) materials. The minimum Pennsylvania Notched Test (PENT) rating for the HDPE material is 2,000 hours. Appendix XXVI contains acceptance standards for the maximum allowable depths of gouges, cuts or other surface conditions that are characterized as indentations. The acceptance standards are considered to be very restrictive, in particular for large diameter HDPE pipes. Less restrictive maximum allowable indentation depths for pipes with a minimum PENT rating of 2,000 hours were developed based on use of results from tests performed on pressurized HDPE pipes containing flaws in the parent material. These maximum allowable indentation depths were implemented into the new Section III Code Case N-891 on alternative requirements to Appendix XXVI for inspection and repair. The technical basis for the maximum allowable indentation depths is described in this paper.
5
Lee, John C. Y., Philip C. Malte, and Michael A. Benjamin. "Low NOX Combustion for Liquid Fuels: Atmospheric Pressure Experiments Using a Staged Prevaporizer-Premixer." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0081.
Full textAbstract:
Low emissions of NOx are obtained for a wide range of liquid fuels by using a staged prevaporizing-premixing injector. The injector relies on two stages of air temperature and fires into a laboratory jet-stirred reactor operated at atmospheric pressure and nominal ϕ of 0.6. The liquid fuels burned are methanol, normal alkanes from pentane to hexadecane, benzene, toluene, two grades of light naphtha and four grades of No. 2 diesel fuel. Additionally, natural gas, ethane and industrial propane are burned. For experiments conducted for 1790 K combustion temperature and 2.3±0.1 ms combustion residence time, the NOx (adjusted to 15% O2 dry) varies from a low of 3.5 ppmv for methanol to a high of 11.5 ppmv for No. 2 diesel fuel. For the most part, the NOx and CO are positively correlated with the fuel carbon to hydrogen ratio (C/H). Chemical kinetic modeling suggests the increase in NOx with C/H ratio is caused in significant part by the increasing super-equilibrium concentrations of O-atom created by the increasing levels of CO burning in the jet-stirred reactor. Fuel bound nitrogen also contributes NOx for the burning of the diesel fuel. This paper describes the staged prevaporizing-premixing injector, the examination of the injector and the NOx and CO measurements and their interpretation. Optical measurements, using beams of He-Ne laser radiation passed across the outlet stream of the injector, indicate complete vaporization and a small variation in the cross-stream averaged fuel/air ratio. The later is determined by measuring the standard deviation and mean of the transmission of the laser beam passed through the stream. Additional measurements and inspections indicate no pressure oscillations within the injector and no gum and carbon deposition. Thus, the NOx and CO measurements are obtained for fully vaporized, well premixed conditions devoid of preflame reactions within the injector.
6
Roby, Richard J., Maclain M. Holton, Michael S. Klassen, Leo D. Eskin, Richard J. Joklik, and Christopher Broemmelsiek. "Low Emissions Microgrid Power Fueled by Bakken Flare Gas." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32115.
Full textAbstract:
It is estimated that 30% of the over 1 billion cubic feet per day of natural gas produced in the Bakken shale field is lost to flaring. This flared gas, were it to be collected and used in DLE power generation gas turbine engines, represents approximately 1.2 GW of collective electric power. The main reason that much of this gas is flared is that the infrastructure in the Bakken lacks sufficient capacity or compression to combine and transport the gas streams. One of the reasons that this gas cannot be utilized on-site for power generation is that it contains significant amounts of natural gas liquids (NGLs) which make the gas unsuitable as a fuel for natural gas-fired gas turbine engines. A Lean, Premixed, Prevaporized (LPP) combustion technology has been developed that converts liquid fuels into a substitute for natural gas. This LPP Gastm can then be used to fuel virtually any combustion device in place of natural gas, yielding emissions comparable to those of ordinary natural gas. The LPP technology has been successfully demonstrated in over 1,000 hours of clean power generation on a 30 kW Capstone C30 microturbine. To date, 15 different liquid fuels have been vaporized and burned in the test gas turbine engine. To simulate the vaporization of NGLs, liquids including propane, pentane, and naphtha, among other liquids, have been vaporized and blended with methane. Emissions from the burning of these vaporized liquid fuels in the test engine have been comparable to baseline emissions from ordinary natural gas of 3 ppm NOx and 30 ppm CO. Autoignition of the vaporized liquid fuels in the gas turbine is controlled by the fraction of inert diluent added in the vaporization process. The LPP technology is able to process an infinitely variable composition of NGL components in the fuel stream by continually adjusting the amount of dilution to maintain a heating value consistent with natural gas. Burning the flare gases containing NGLs from a well locally, in a power generation gas turbine, would provide electricity for drilling operations. A microgrid can distribute power locally to the camps and infrastructure supporting the drilling and processing operations. Using the flare gases on-site has the benefit of reducing or eliminating the need for diesel tankers to supply fuel for power generation systems and equipment associated with the drilling operations.
7
Baratta, Mirko, Stefano d’Ambrosio, Daniela Misul, and Ezio Spessa. "Effects of H2 Addition to CNG Blends on Cycle-to-Cycle and Cylinder-to-Cylinder Combustion Variation in an SI Engine." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2012-81187.
Full textAbstract:
An experimental investigation and a burning-rate analysis have been performed on a production 1.4 liter CNG (compressed natural gas) engine fueled with methane-hydrogen blends. The engine features a pent-roof combustion chamber, four valves per cylinder and a centrally located spark plug. The experimental tests have been carried out in order to quantify the cycle-to-cycle and the cylinder-to-cylinder combustion variation. Therefore, the engine has been equipped with four dedicated piezoelectric pressure transducers placed on each cylinder and located by the spark plug. At each test point, in-cylinder pressure, fuel consumption, induced air mass flow rate, pressure and temperature at different locations on the engine intake and exhaust systems as well as ‘engine-out’ pollutant emissions have been measured. The signals correlated to the engine operation have been acquired by means of a National Instruments PXI-DAQ system and a home developed software. The acquired data have then been processed through a combustion diagnostic tool resulting from the integration of an original multizone thermodynamic model with a CAD procedure for the evaluation of the burned-gas front geometry. The diagnostic tool allows the burning velocities to be computed. The tests have been performed over a wide range of engine speeds, loads and relative air-fuel ratios (up to the lean operation). For stoichiometric operation, the addition of hydrogen to CNG has produced a bsfc reduction ranging between 2 to 7% and a bsTHC decrease up to the 40%. These benefits have appeared to be even higher for lean mixtures. Moreover, hydrogen has shown to significantly enhance the combustion process, thus leading to a sensibly lower cycle-to-cycle variability. As a matter of fact, hydrogen addition has generally resulted into extended operation up to RAFR = 1.8. Still, a discrepancy in the abovementioned conclusions was observed depending on the engine cylinder considered.
8
Lindskog, Staffan, and Rolf Sjo¨blom. "Radiological, Technical and Financial Planning for Decommissioning of Small Nuclear Facilities in Sweden." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16177.
Full textAbstract:
On November 1st 2008, a new ordinance came into force in Sweden. It extends the implementation of nuclear liability to all nuclear facilities and companies, regardless of size. The Government has authorized the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) to issue further regulation as warranted and appropriate, and commissioned the same Authority to oversee the implementation. Consequently, SSM is presently conducting research in order to establish a basis for the implementation of the ordinance to smaller facilities and enterprises. The goal is to enable finance to be assured in an efficient manner so that any burden on the companies is as small as possible. Thus, “functional requirements” are identified, and used as a basis for various investigations. The aspects include technical and cost calculation prerequisites, as well as various domains of law: the environmental code, radiation and nuclear safety, financial reporting, and criminal law. It is found that the basis for the differentiation among the facility operators and owners should be the cost and the associated uncertainty. Thus, a cost calculation will have to be carried out by all. It should be based on available standards and guidance documents. It is found that this is a requirement that already exists elsewhere in the legislation, and thus no additional burden is imposed on the companies. It is found that segregated funds is the preferred option for long-term liabilities. Securities are suitable for short-term liabilities provided that the economy of the company in question is sound. Securities might also be used for long-term liabilities to cover uncertainty. It is proposed that a de minimis limit of at least kSEK 25 (about k€ 2, 4 and k$ 3, 4) is used. An important reason for this is that lower limits might be incompatible with the rules for financial reporting. It is also proposed that securities might be used also for long-term commitments if the total environmental liability does not exceed 1,00 MSEK (about k€ 96 and k$ 135). It is found that the “general advice” that must be used by smaller companies lacks proper instructions on how to account for environmental liability whilst at the same time it prohibits the use of e g the international reporting standards IFRS/IAS. It is also found that the “general advice” prohibits distribution of costs for research and development over time. This might be incompatible with a fund system where considerable research may be necessary at the early stages of the work and often many years before the actual decommissioning is to take place. The rules in the penal code require that an annual report presents an “essentially correct financial situation”. One of the interpretations to this statement is that a deviance of at most 30% might be tolerated. Although previous work has indicated that the error in cost estimates need not be higher than about 15%, even for research facilities, concealed cost raisers may from time to time lead to much larger errors, even when best practices are being used. It is therefore essential that decommissioning planning and cost predictions are made in accordance with state of the art, and that the estimating methods as well as the results are properly documented.