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Journal articles on the topic 'Burundais'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Simbananiye, Léandre. "Les noms de personnes au Burundi." Hors-thème 29, no. 1 (2005): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011745ar.

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Résumé Le système de nomination des personnes au Burundi participe à la construction et à l’explication des rapports sociaux qui lient les personnes entre elles et avec l’ensemble du monde environnant. Les noms burundais reflètent les enjeux qui structurent le champ social. L’acte de nomination est une opération d’interlocution où sont impliquées trois instances représentées respectivement par la personne qui nomme, la personne que l’on nomme et la personne à qui le message est destiné. La nomination est à l’oeuvre dans la constitution de l’identité et dans l’ensemble de la dynamique sociale.

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2

Charpentier, Émeline. "L’Éthiopie des Congolais, Burundais et Rwandais réfugiés." African Diaspora 8, no. 1 (2015): 51–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-00801003.

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Ethiopia as a land of asylum is still little known. Welcoming in 2014 about 400,000 people with refugee status, it represents one of the largest countries of asylum in the Horn of Africa. Among this population, is a tiny minority of Congolese, Burundians and Rwandese. In this article, I wish to analyze, through an anthropological approach, their integration in the host country. The relationship that this refugee population has with the Ethiopian space, with Ethiopia as a political and legal structure, and finally, with the Ethiopians will be questioned. It appears that the political and social

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3

Ndarishikanye, Barnabé. "La conscience historique des jeunes Burundais." Cahiers d’études africaines 38, no. 149 (1998): 135–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cea.1998.1979.

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4

Wauthelet, M., D. Rolot, H. P. Naveau, et al. "Rapport technique: Etat des techniques de biométhanisation au burundi. Le projet belgo-burundais." MIRCEN Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 5, no. 3 (1989): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01741758.

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5

Ntiranyibagira, Constantin. "La dynamique diglossique à Bujumbura: analyse de quelques représentations." Revista Odisseia 4, no. 1 (2019): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21680/1983-2435.2019v4n1id17232.

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L’appréhension de la dynamique diglossique à Bujumbura à travers les représentations linguistiques s’est basée sur une analyse qualitative des données, recueillies grâce à une enquête de terrain qui a concerné 400 locuteurs répartis dans les trois communes de cette ville (Ntahangwa, Mukaza, Muha). Il a été constaté que malgré l’image de «moins utiles» qu’inspirent encore le kirundi et le kiswahili, ces langues commencent timidement à bousculer le français dans certains secteurs socioprofessionnels naturellement réservés aux variétés hautes. Depuis l’adoption en 2006 par le Burundi d’une politi

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6

Ntahomvukiye, Ariel Fabrice. "Musique, mémoire et identité chez les Burundais exilés au Rwanda." Cahiers d'études africaines, no. 243 (September 15, 2021): 559–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesafricaines.34764.

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7

Nzohabonayo, Anaclet. "Traitement Des Investissements Étrangers Dans Les Législations Nationales: Regard Croisé Sur Les Incitatifs Du Code Burundais Des Investissements De 2008." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 16 (2018): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n16p199.

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This reflection assesses the incentives of the Burundian code of investments of 2008 as for their extent and effectiveness. It shows that the 2008 Burundi Investment Code has created a favorable business climate. It provides for very generous tax and customs incentives that can influence foreign investors in the choice of destination for their investments. However, these incentives have been constantly nibbled following the entry into force of the budget laws of 2016 and 2017 and even a straddle of the general tax code of 2013. From the analysis, it appears that these incentives have lost thei

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8

Ntahonkiriye, Melchior. "Alternance de langues et conflit linguistique : analyse des alternances intralexicales produites par les bilingues français-kirundi." Revue québécoise de linguistique 27, no. 1 (2009): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/603168ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Dans cette étude, nous mettons en relation les aspects formels des alternances kirundi-français produites par un groupe d’étudiants burundais et les caractéristiques du conflit linguistique. Nous constatons que, à l’instar de la plupart des élites africaines, le groupe observé vit un conflit linguistique qui s’incarne dans la configuration de ces alternances. Ainsi, dans les segments nominaux alternés, le français, langue socialement prestigieuse, fournit systématiquement le pivot (le radical) du lexème alterné, et le kirundi, langue dominée, n’en fournit que des éléments secondaires in

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9

Charpentier, Émeline. "Les Congolais et Burundais réfugiés à Addis Abeba : des habitants presque comme les autres." Annales d'Ethiopie 27, no. 1 (2012): 227–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ethio.2012.1463.

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10

Simonard, Tristan, Hervé Duchaufour, Melchior Bizimanz, and Canisius Mikokoro. "La conservation des sols en milieu paysan burundais. Etude et hiérarchisation des stratégies antiérosives." Cahiers d'outre-mer 47, no. 185 (1994): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caoum.1994.3504.

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11

Toyi, Marie-Thérèse. "Ethnic Conflict in Burundi." Matatu 48, no. 2 (2016): 403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-04802010.

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In spite of the laudable political and humanitarian efforts to tackle the cyclical ethnic-related conflicts in Burundi, the impact of the refugee and returnee phenomena on the culture, education, and economy of the country and beyond has not yet received its full due attention. This study aims at increasing awareness on this issue. It first identifies the refugee- and returnee-related new linguistic trends in Burundi, together with their subsequent impact on education. How many Burundians learned Kiswahili in exile in Tanzania or in the Democratic Republic of Congo, not only for educational or

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12

Burihabwa, Ntagahoraho Z., and Devon E. A. Curtis. "Postwar statebuilding in Burundi: ruling party elites and illiberal peace." International Affairs 97, no. 4 (2021): 1221–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiab080.

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Abstract The widespread enthusiasm for internationally-supported liberal statebuilding since the 1990s has become much more tempered, due in part to the mixed record of postwar liberal statebuilding. Over time, many postwar countries have adopted more authoritarian statebuilding trajectories, despite the fact that negotiated peace agreements tend to reflect liberal principles. This is often attributed to ‘liberal’ international actors encountering resistant ‘illiberal’ domestic elites. The postwar statebuilding trajectory in Burundi appears to fit this dominant narrative, with the ruling party

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13

Ndayisaba, Augustin. "Rwanda - Burundi: Political Dialogue as a Method of Achieving Agreement." RUDN Journal of Political Science 22, no. 1 (2020): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2020-22-1-105-115.

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The article analyzes the problem associated with the deterioration of relations between Rwanda and Burundi, which, according to various resources, are due to Rwanda’s interference in the internal affairs of Burundi. Special attention is paid to the role of political dialogue in the search for agreement between the two states. Thus, relations deteriorated further after the Bujumbura regime accused Rwanda of involvement in destabilizing the Bujumbura regime as a result of an attempt to support and arm Burundian refugees fleeing Burundi after the failed coup on May 13, 2015, committed against Bur

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14

Curtis, Devon E. A. "What Is Our Research For? Responsibility, Humility and the Production of Knowledge about Burundi." Africa Spectrum 54, no. 1 (2019): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002039719852229.

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Political space in Burundi underwent a remarkable opening during the Burundian peace process and its immediate aftermath, which led to a rise in social science scholarship in Burundi. This space has increasingly narrowed, particularly since the crisis in 2015, presenting important challenges for social science scholars of Burundi. This changing political environment has consequences for the production of knowledge on Burundi. It is therefore timely to ask what purposes does research on Burundi serve. This article reflects upon different motivations and goals for social science research in Buru

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15

Alexis, Ndabarushimana. "Analyse De La Capacité De L’Etat Burundais à Répondre Aux Besoins Fondamentaux de la population: Cas De L'eau Et De La Santé." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 33 (2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n33p80.

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Access to water and health care is one of the basic needs of the human being. This study conducted with 96 individuals selected using Alain BOUCHARD’s technic highlights the state of play on the capacity of the State of Burundi to meet the basic needs of the population in the water and health sectors. The study also shows the level of satisfaction of public service users in these sectors. The respondents were distributed in 26 localities in 8 provinces of Burundi. The results of this research shows that Burundi is still unable to effectively meet the needs of the population in the water and he

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16

Dom, Roel, and Lionel Roger. "Debt or Alive: Burundi's Fiscal Response to Economic Sanctions." International Studies Quarterly 64, no. 2 (2020): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqaa007.

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Abstract Economic sanctions, and the suspension of budget support in particular, are supposed to pressure target governments into complying with sanction demands by putting spending commitments at risk. In this article we argue that this is too simplistic since governments have more fiscal levers at their disposal. The case of Burundi illustrates this argument. Following Burundi's 2015 political crisis, donors imposed economic sanctions on the country and suspended all budget support to the national government. Using monthly data on the government's fiscal position between 2005 and 2017, we pr

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17

Schweiger, Romana. "Late Justice for Burundi." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 55, no. 3 (2006): 653–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/lei109.

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Burundi, a small State in Eastern Africa, has been suffering a repetitive cycle of interethnic violence since its independence in 1962. Tensions were ongoing, but never reached the scale of the Rwandese massacres of 1994. The Burundian conflict thus received less international attention. Hardly any academic writing exists on human rights violations in Burundi.1 International efforts to counter impunity remained half-hearted.

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Vandeginste, Stef. "Political Representation of Minorities as Collateral Damage or Gain: The Batwa in Burundi and Rwanda." Africa Spectrum 49, no. 1 (2014): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971404900101.

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There is a remarkable discrepancy between the political representation of the Batwa ethnic minority group in Burundi compared to in Rwanda. Whereas Rwanda's focus on citizenship prevents the Batwa from claiming recognition as a politically salient societal segment, Burundi's governance model, characterized by ethnic, consociational power-sharing, guarantees the political representation of the Batwa in the legislative assemblies. The difference is mainly due to the various modalities of political transition that both countries have experienced. While in Rwanda, regime change came about through

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19

Mathys, Gillian. "Images et Paix. Les Rwandais et les Burundais face au cinéma et à l’audiovisuel. Une histoire politico-culturelle du Ruandi-Urundi allemand et belge et des Républiques du Rwanda et du Burundi (1896–2008)." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 31, no. 3 (2011): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2011.598003.

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20

Alexis, Ndabarushimana, Toh Alain, and Kouadio Amani Augustin. "Innovations Techniques Caféicoles Au Burundi : Étude Des Contraintes Socio-Économiques Et Des Conditions D’adoption Et De Diffusion Des Innovations Techniques Dans La Province Kayanza." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 17 (2016): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n17p383.

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This contribution highlights the socio-economic constraints to the adoption and diffusion of technological innovations in coffee farms in Burundi. These constraints are basically related to the sociological environment that structure behaviors of Burundian coffee growers in the process of economic production. In view these sociological contradictions, initiating a typically socio- anthropological approach, this article highlights a set of policy conditions to stimulate the adoption and diffusion of innovations in Kayanza province of Burundi.

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21

Manirakiza, Alexis. "La problématique de la mise en œuvre du principe d’égalité en droit burundais de la famille. Cas des droits successoraux de la femme." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 1, no. 4 (2014): 705–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2014-4-705.

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22

Ndayirata, Serge, Sophia Belghiti-Mahut, and Alain Briole. "Intention de départ volontaire, pratiques de GRH et équipements de travail dans les hôpitaux publics burundais : le rôle médiateur du soutien organisationnel perçu." Revue de gestion des ressources humaines N°117, no. 3 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/grhu.117.0026.

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23

Frère, Marie-Soleil. "‘I wish I could be the journalist I was, but I currently cannot’: Experiencing the impossibility of journalism in Burundi." Media, War & Conflict 10, no. 1 (2017): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750635217698334.

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In Burundi, a small landlocked post-conflict country in Central Africa, the independent broadcasting sector was severely undermined in May 2015, following a coup attempt against the regime of President Pierre Nkurunziza. More than 80 journalists, some of them accused of being accomplices to the putschists, were threatened and forced to leave the country. Their outlets were damaged and forbidden to operate. Shown as a model of ‘professionalism’, ‘independence’ and ‘pluralism’ until then, journalism in Burundi has subsequently faced huge challenges, both inside the country (where the space for f

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24

Wilén, Nina, and Paul D. Williams. "The African Union and coercive diplomacy: the case of Burundi." Journal of Modern African Studies 56, no. 4 (2018): 673–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000459.

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AbstractIn December 2015, the African Union (AU) took the unprecedented step of threatening to use military force against the government of Burundi's wishes in order to protect civilians caught up in the country's intensifying domestic crisis. This article traces the background to this decision and analyses the effectiveness and credibility of the AU's use of coercive diplomacy as a tool of conflict management. After its usual range of conflict management tools failed to stem the Burundian crisis, the AU Commission and Peace and Security Council tried a new type of military compellence by invo

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Hunt, Nancy. "Research Protocol and Resources in Burundi." History in Africa 14 (1987): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171853.

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Information on the existence and resources of African libraries and archives is scanty at best, and the scene changes quickly. No one has attempted to assemble a list for researchers of such institutions and resources in Burundi since 1974, when Daniel Nyambariza provided a list of documentation and research centers and other adresses intéressantes as a preface to his bibliography. No doubt once a very useful list, much of Nyambariza's information is now obsolete. The present report, based on my experiences conducting urban, social history research in Bujumbura in 1984/85, is intended to provi

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Vandeginste, Stef. "Power-Sharing, Conflict and Transition in Burundi: Twenty Years of Trial and Error." Africa Spectrum 44, no. 3 (2009): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203970904400304.

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For the past twenty years, Burundi has experimented with power-sharing as an instrument of political liberalisation, democratisation and conflict resolution. This contribution analyses the different meanings the concept of power-sharing has had throughout Burundi's recent and extremely violent political transition, in particular during the lengthy peace process. It shows how national and international actors have found inspiration in the toolbox of consociationalism to negotiate and design the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi signed in August 2000 and its post-transition C

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27

Njejimana, Néstor, Lucía Gómez-Tatay, and José Miguel Hernández-Andreu. "HIV–AIDS Stigma in Burundi: A Qualitative Descriptive Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 9300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179300.

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HIV/AIDS stigma is a global issue and a serious problem in African countries. Although prevalence remains high in this region, no detailed study has yet been carried out to determine and characterize this problem in Burundi. Using a qualitative analysis based on an extensive series of 114 interviews, we describe the main characteristics of HIV stigma in the country. The results of our study indicate that the problem of HIV/AIDS stigma is widespread in Burundian society, as all participants in the research reported having experienced some kind of HIV stigma. The seven dimensions of stigma ident

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Paviotti, Antea. "God and COVID-19 in Burundian social media: The political fight for the control of the narrative." Journal of African Media Studies 13, no. 3 (2021): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams_00055_1.

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While an incredible series of twists characterized the fight against COVID-19 in Burundi and its narration, references to God have never been missing in the narratives around the disease. Trust in God represented one of the pillars of the government’s narrative, next to an attitude of ‘denialism’, and the fight against ‘fake news’. This article analyses the evolution of the narration of COVID-19 on Twitter during the first three phases of the fight against the disease, focusing on the use of the religious narrative. Within Burundi’s contemporary sociopolitical context, analysis of these narrat

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Ndoricimpa, Arcade. "Greed of the elite; capital flight from a fragile country: case of Burundi." Journal of Financial Crime 25, no. 2 (2018): 598–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-11-2016-0075.

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Purpose This study aims to undertake an institutional analysis of capital flight and examine the drivers of capital flight from Burundi. Design/methodology/approach Given the episodes of political instability and poor governance which have characterized Burundi’s landscape in the past decades, coupled with macroeconomic instability which has been prevailing, political, economic and institutional factors are used to explain the trend and magnitude of capital flight which were recorded. An econometric analysis using robust least squares is also used to examine the determinants of capital flight

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Vandeginste, Stef. "Power-sharing as a fragile safety valve in times of electoral turmoil: the costs and benefits of Burundi's 2010 elections." Journal of Modern African Studies 49, no. 2 (2011): 315–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x11000061.

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ABSTRACTThis paper analyses the local, presidential and legislative elections that took place in Burundi between May and September 2010. Electoral results are presented, analysed and interpreted against the background of Burundi's constitutional consociational power-sharing regime. The power-sharing arrangement, which was negotiated during Burundi's recently completed peace process, saved the pluralistic nature of the elections but may itself fall victim to the outcome of these same elections, with the dominant party CNDD-FDD obtaining an overwhelming majority in parliament and controlling mos

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Reyntjens, Filip. "Institutional Engineering, Management of Ethnicity, and Democratic Failure in Burundi." Africa Spectrum 51, no. 2 (2016): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971605100204.

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This article argues that constitutional engineering along consociational lines in Burundi – explicitly accommodating ethnicity rather than attempting to suppress it – was instrumental in reducing the political role of ethnicity, but that other endogenous and exogenous factors also played a role. After surveying developments since 1988, this article focuses on the 2005 polls. The outcome of the parliamentary elections suggests that the “disappearance of the ethnic factor,” extolled by many at the time, was achieved by constitutional constraints rather than by social or political dynamics. Never

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Mascini, Peter, Alfons Fermin, and Hilde Snick. "Transnationalism of Burundian Refugees in The Netherlands: The Importance of Migration Motives." International Journal of Population Research 2012 (August 29, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/962327.

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It is equivocal whether the transnationalism of refugees differs significantly from that of labor and family migrants. On the basis of a strategic case study of Burundian refugees in The Netherlands we demonstrate that migration motives undeniably matter for transnationalism. Transnationalism is not self-evident for Burundians, as they are driven by a motive of flight. Moreover, transnationalism is not automatically oriented towards compatriots and manifests itself differently in The Netherlands than in Belgium. Therefore, we conclude that the study of refugees is an essential complement to th

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33

Prosper, Masabarakiza, and Nsanzabera Charles. "Burundi: analysis of the 2016-2017 Burundian demographic and health survey." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 5 (2021): 2186. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211736.

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Background: Access to antenatal care and postnatal care services has a great deal of impacts on major causes of high maternal, neonatal and child mortality rates. This study was aimed to identify factors affecting the use of antenatal care (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) services.Methods: The study used data from the nationally representative 2016-2017 Burundi demographic and health survey (DHS). A total of 8,660 mothers who gave birth within five years preceding the 2016-2017 Burundi DHS were included in this study. Logistic regression statistical analyses were used to identify factors associa

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34

Stewart, Kearsley. "A Further Note on Research in Burundi." History in Africa 16 (1989): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171797.

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This short note updates Nancy Hunt's recent report on research in Burundi. While Hunt presented a thorough description of the situation in Burundi as of 1984, my recent month-long visit in August of 1988 shows that a few of the names, as well as some aspects of the protocol, have changed.Although Hunt adequately presented the informal process of obtaining research clearance to work in Bujumbura (attestations from the Centre de Civilisation Burundaise or CCB, mayor's office, university, etc.), the process for any area outside the city limits is more complicated, decidedly more formal, and not a

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Bro, Aniseh, and Daniel C. Clay. "Transforming Burundi’s coffee sector through strategic value chain investments." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 7, no. 3 (2017): 218–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-11-2015-0053.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the early stages of the transition to specialty coffee in Burundi and the role of an agribusiness support program as a catalyst for this transition. Design/methodology/approach This study uses two years of panel data (2007 and 2012) to analyze changes in technology adoption among coffee washing stations (CWSs) and how the adoption of improved technologies affects coffee quality. Findings Programmatic investment in Burundi’s coffee value chain resulted in a significant shift in adoption of processing technologies by CWSs. Producers who processed a

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36

Vandeginste, Stef. "Legal Loopholes and the Politics of Executive Term Limits: Insights from Burundi." Africa Spectrum 51, no. 2 (2016): 39–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971605100203.

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The nomination of incumbent Pierre Nkurunziza to stand again for president in the 2015 national elections triggered a political and security crisis in Burundi. A crucial element in the controversy around his third term was the legality of his candidacy. This paper analyses how domestic and international actors responded to the legal loopholes that characterised Burundi's term-limit legislation. Three responses are distinguished. First, quite paradoxically, an argument was put forward by third-term supporters that stressed constitutional legality, a value usually invoked by third-term opponents

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Fry, Lincoln J. "Is Hunger Destined to be Perpetual in Burundi?" Food Science and Nutrition Studies 1, no. 1 (2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fsns.v1n1p11.

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<p><em>Hunger is a worldwide problem, and Africa is the continent with the world’s highest percentage of hungry persons; Burundi is Africa’s hungriest country. This paper addresses hunger in Burundi and then identifies the factors that predict hunger in that country. Burundi is a rural country and its rural population will receive a great deal of attention in this paper, especially because the study looks closely at literature’s suggestion that farmers may be hungrier than the rest of the population, and gender may be a factor. This study is based on a national probability sample o

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Deen, Mary Katherine, Lauren Hrncirik Scanga, Kevin Wright, and Charles Berahino. "Empowering youth and communities through 4-H School Gardening Programs: Results of focus groups in Burundi, Africa." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 24, no. 2 (2017): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2017.24209.

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The quality of education and training children receive today will significantly impact their development into adulthood and their impact on society (Kibwiki & Semana, 2001). Burundi, Africa is the second poorest country in the world and has a turbulent history laced with economic, political, and cultural challenges (Headrick, 2016). With more than half the population under the age of 18, educating the youth of Burundi is paramount to bringing about change in the country. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the needs of primary school teachers, administrators, afterschoo

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Niyonkuru, Aimé-Parfait. "Commission Nationale des Terres Biens et Cour Spéciale des Terres et autres Biens du Burundi : un Etat sinistré ou une compétence au fondement légal contestable?" Recht in Afrika 23, no. 1 (2020): 56–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6270-2020-1-56.

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This paper discusses the jurisdiction of Burundi’s Commission Nationale des Terres et autres Biens (National Commission on Land and other Assets) and of the Cour Spéciale des Terres et autres Biens (Special Court on Land and other Assets) where the State of Burundi, directly or indirectly, is involved. Considering that the double mechanism (i.e. the National Commission on Land and other Assets and the Special Court on Land and other Assets) is meant to deal with disputes opposing either the sinistrés or the sinistrés to third parties, public or private services, the paper particularly question

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Sullivan, Daniel P. "The missing pillars: a look at the failure of peace in Burundi through the lens of Arend Lijphart's theory of consociational democracy." Journal of Modern African Studies 43, no. 1 (2005): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x0400062x.

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The failure of a power-sharing attempt at peace in Burundi in 1993 led to the killing of hundreds of thousands of Burundians and played a significant role in feeding tensions leading up to the genocide in Rwanda in 1994, in which another 800,000 people lost their lives. A look at the specifics of this power-sharing arrangement in the framework of Arend Lijphart's theory of consociational democracy leads to some interesting conclusions and insights into why the effort at peace failed and how future efforts could be improved. The paper looks at the arrangement in terms of Lijphart's four main pi

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Bangirinama, Frédéric Bangirinama, Bonaventure Nzitwanayo, and Paul Hakizimana. "UTILISATION DU CHARBON DE BOIS COMME PRINCIPALE SOURCE D’ÉNERGIE DE LA POPULATION URBAINE : UN SÉRIEUX PROBLÈME POUR LA CONSERVATION DU COUVERT FORESTIER AU BURUNDI." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 328, no. 328 (2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2016.328.a31301.

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La question de l’énergie domestique reste une préoccupation majeure dans le monde, en particulier dans les pays en développement où la majorité de la popu- lation utilise le bois de chauffage, le char- bon de bois et les résidus agricoles pour satisfaire leurs besoins énergétiques liés à la cuisson des aliments. Au Burundi, où le bois constitue la principale source d’éner- gie domestique avec 96,6 % du bilan énergétique global, le charbon de bois est consommé à 77 % par la population urbaine. Selon une enquête menée sur les grands axes routiers, 56 548 tonnes et 13 552 tonnes de charbon de boi

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Bergouignan, Christophe. "Recourir aux microsimulations pour étudier la mortalité de crise : illustration par la mortalité au Burundi en 1993." Cahiers québécois de démographie 40, no. 2 (2012): 299–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1011543ar.

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Souvent utilisées dans une optique prospective, les microsimulations permettent aussi d’appréhender les biais de sélection affectant certaines enquêtes rétrospectives, notamment lorsque la mesure de la mortalité s’appuie sur les déclarations des enquêtés sur la survie de leurs proches. Susceptibles d’être observés dans divers contextes, ces biais de sélection ont de grandes chances d’être accrus dans les situations d’épidémies ou de crise (catastrophes naturelles, guerres). La microsimulation permet de conduire une analyse de sensibilité de l’ampleur des biais en fonction des facteurs qui en s

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Turner, Simon. "Staying out of Place." Conflict and Society 2, no. 1 (2016): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2016.020106.

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Based on ethnographic fieldwork among Burundian refugees living clandestinely in Nairobi and living in a refugee camp in Tanzania, the article argues that displacement can be about staying out of place in order to find a place in the world in the future. I suggest that the term displacement describes this sense of not only being out of place but also being en route to a future. Burundians in the camp and the city are doing their best to remain out of place, in transition between a lost past and a future yet to come, and the temporary nature of their sojourn is maintained in everyday practices.

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Nassenstein, Nico. "Kinyarwanda and Kirundi: On Colonial Divisions, Discourses of National Belonging, and Language Boundaries." Modern Africa: Politics, History and Society 7, no. 1 (2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26806/modafr.v7i1.264.

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The development of the Bantu languages Kinyarwanda and Kirundi is entangled within the colonial histories of Rwanda and Burundi, first under German and then Belgian rule. From the turn of the twentieth century on, missionaries compiled grammars and dictionaries of the two mutually intelligible languages, contributing to the development and instrumentalisation of two prestigious varieties out of a larger dialect continuum. In this contribution, I trace the missionary and colonial activities of corpus planning and textualisation and summarise how Kinyarwanda and Kirundi turned into official lang

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Ibarra Murillo, Orreaga. "Muga eta trantsizioa Nafarroako euskal hizkeretan." Revista de lenguas y literaturas catalana, gallega y vasca 24 (January 15, 2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rllcgv.vol.24.2019.26413.

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Artikulu honek XX. mendeko Nafarroako hainbat hizkeretako mugako hizkeren ezaugarriak aztertzea da, horretarako Zuazoren arabera euskara nafarrean diren hiru tarteko hizkerak kontuan hartuz ( Burundakoa, Baztangoa eta Aezkoakoa). Horretarako, bi dialektologoren sailkapen- irizpideen arabera, beraien mugako hizkera zehazten saiatu gara. Hainbat hizkuntz-ezaugarri alderatuz, zehaztu da horietako zein erabiltzen diren euskara nafarrean eta zein ez. Azterketa honetatik ondorioztatzen da Burundako hizkerak duela antzekotasun -maila txikiena, eta euskara nafarreko euskalkietatik gehien urruntzen den

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SAMII, CYRUS. "Perils or Promise of Ethnic Integration? Evidence from a Hard Case in Burundi." American Political Science Review 107, no. 3 (2013): 558–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055413000282.

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A central question in the study of political development is how conflict between ethnic groups might be transcended. Findings from social psychology suggest that ethnically integrating institutions such as militaries or representative bodies may remove prejudices and exclusionary behavior that perpetuate interethnic animosity. Political scientists have tended to be skeptical, arguing that such processes may actually intensify or “freeze” conflicting ethnic identities. I use evidence from a hard case—military reform in the aftermath of a brutal, ethnically charged civil war in Burundi—to study

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Dunlop, Emily. "Ethnicity, Exclusion, and Exams: Education Policy and Politics in Burundi from the Independent Republics to the Civil War (1966–1993)." Africa Spectrum 56, no. 2 (2021): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00020397211023513.

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Education policy can embed ethnic inequalities in a country. Education in Burundi, with its historically exclusive political institutions and education, represents an important case for understanding these interactions. In this article, I interview twelve Burundians about how they experienced and perceived ethnicity and politics in their schooling from 1966 to 1993. I argue that education contributed to tangible and perceived social hierarchies based on ethnic inequalities. I show that this exclusion reflected both overt and covert policy goals, through proxies used to identify ethnicity in sc

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Mbayahaga, J., S. N. M. Mandiki, J. L. Bister, R. Paquay, L. Bangirinama, and R. Branckaert. "Production et composition du lait de la chèvre locale burundaise et croissance des jeunes au pis." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 47, no. 4 (1994): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9080.

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La production et la composition du lait de 31 chèvres locales burundaises ont été déterminées au cours des 84 premiers jours de lactation. Parallèlement, la croissance de 44 nouveau-nés a été étudiée. Le faible rendement laitier de la chèvre locale (440 g/j) est cependant fort variable d'après les individus (167 à 881 g/j). La production laitière culmine entre la 2è et la 3è semaines de lactation et diminue en pente douce par la suite. Elle s'accroît avec l'augmentation du nombre de jeunes allaités et le poids de la mère (p < 0,05) et non avec la parité. Le lait de la chèvre burundaise est

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Turner, Simon. "Times of Violence." Conflict and Society 7, no. 1 (2021): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2021.070110.

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Over the past two decades, I have done ethnographic fieldwork amongst Burundians in Burundi and in exile, exploring the different ways they deal with the violence that the country has witnessed over the decades. In this article I follow my tracks back and forth and in and out of the country, reflecting on the advantages and challenges of long-term engagement. At a conceptual level, I propose that while violence is indeed lodged in a social context, violent events create a momentary temporal rupture, thereby dislodging meaning from its local context of understanding. My methodological contribut

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Facci, Serena, and Alessandra Ciucci. "The Akazehe of Burundi: Polyphonic Interlocking Greetings and the Female Ceremonial. By Serena Facci. Translated by Alessandra Ciucci." Ethnomusicology Translations, no. 10 (April 24, 2020): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/emt.v0i10.30278.

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Akazehe is one of the names in Burundi for forms of sung greeting performed exclusively by women. Studies carried out during the colonial era (in particular Rodegem 1965, 1973) and in more recent times (Ndimurwanko 1985-6) have shown how the contents of these greetings among women are closely linked to the feminine world in which these greetings are used—in specific private and public spaces in accordance with rural tradition. Although these greetings were becoming less common at the time the research for this article was conducted, the author was able to record a number of akazehe after liste

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