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1
Gharib, Rebwar Kamal. "Factors affecting active participation in business-to-business online business communities." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/336405.
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The aim of this research is to investigate factors affecting active participation in Business-to-Business Online Business Communities (B2B OBCs). The primary objective of the study was to develop a framework to better understand the important factors affecting members’ active participation behaviour in B2B OBCs. To achieve the main goal of this research, an integrated framework was developed underpinned by three well known theories: Uses and Gratification (U&G), Social Exchange (SET), and Information Systems Success Model (ISSM). A mixed method approach (partially mixed sequential dominant status design) was employed to answer the research question and achieve the objectives of the study. Accordingly, this study was carried out in two phases. During the first phase an exploratory study was carried out to further explore the framework. For that purpose semi-structured interviews with twelve members of B2B OBCs were conducted. The collected data was analysed using thematic analysis utilising NVIVO and this assisted in discovering another important factor ‘service quality’, which reflected on the moderator’s role inside B2B OBCs. Subsequently, service quality was added to the model. The exploratory study is also helped to develop a new measure for active participation in the context of B2B OBCs as this study was unable to adapt the measure for the construct from prior studies due to the discrepancy in the literature. In the second phase of the study, a quantitative approach (online questionnaires) was employed to test the developed framework. Using non-probability convenience sampling technique, 521 useable online questionnaires were collected from 41 B2B OBCs on LinkedIn. The collected data was then analysed using a second generation approach (SEM) utilising AMOS. During the data analysis, two U&G constructs (functional need and hedonic need) were found to have a positive impact on active participation. Yet, the direct association between psychological need and active participation was not significant. Nevertheless, the construct found to have a positive and indirect relationship with active participation. In addition, two of the SET constructs (reciprocity and affective commitment) were also found to have a positive association with active participation. Trusting beliefs was found to have no direct impact on active participation. Further analysis revealed that the relationship between the two construct was indirect via affective commitment. Furthermore, three factors that were identified under ISSM, information quality, system quality, and service quality, were also found to be the antecedent of trusting beliefs but they did not have a direct impact on active participation. Information quality and service quality were also found to have an indirect and positive impact on affective commitment and active participation. The analysis also revealed that members from different industry types had different participation behaviour in B2B OBCs. The research outcomes made several contributions to the literature. These include a new measure for active participation and service quality. This provides a new validated instrument for B2B OBC researchers to adapt in the future. Further, an integrated model for factors affecting active participation in B2B OBCs was developed. This also provides a foundation for future studies in the field. The final results of this study demonstrate the appropriateness and robustness of the developed model, and further suggests that any attempt to investigate members participation behaviour in B2B OBCs will be incomplete unless all three theories (U&G, SET, and ISSM) are cosnidered. Moreover, this study helped to extend the existing knowledge on Online Community (OC) defintions, OC taxonomies, OC commitment, and OC trust. Finally, the findings of this study propose several guidelines to assist B2B OBC providers to build and maintain successful communities.
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Anguish, Penny Marie Irene. "The real business of health care reform, community participation or local production?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37391.pdf.
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Moon, Christopher Patrick. "Stakeholder approaches to community participation in urban development : conceptual and methodological links." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7440.
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Vazquez-Pereira, Grace. "PRODUCIR--the effects of community participation in the establishment of two business [i.e. businesses] : a savings and loan cooperative and a bakery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71447.
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Hassan, Fatima Abdirahman. "Impact of community participation as part of standard project formalities and its effect on the project outcome." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53458.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The fundamental purpose of this study is to establish the extent to which theory and practice relate in the context of community participation. The point of departure is to understand what participation entails and the methodologies available to the development practitioner. As illustrated by the case study, there is a meaningful relationship between theory and the practicing of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), which is the methodology of choice for the project. Although the PRA techniques were utilized in gathering data for the project, many of the key decisions were made independently of the community. This brings to light the controversy between technical expertise on the one hand and to what extent the community should be included in any decisions made at this technical level, especially since they may only end up rubber-stamping the professional's opinions anyway. The question arises whether or not the whole concept of empowerment is simply a utopian concept. This is by no means an easy question to answer. However, the case study does illustrate that participation can be harnessed to achieve a successful project. It is important to note that even in difficult circumstances where 'dependency' has taken root, there exists hope that the people can actively participate in the project. It also reinforces the urgency of the need to actively encourage social change that will inspire people towards participation. This has been viewed for too long by the local people as the domain of the educated only. It is therefore important that development agencies create awareness of participation since it cuts across all their projects.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om vas te stel tot watter mate teorie en praktyk met mekaar verband hou binne die konteks van gemeenskapsdeelname in die bestuur van gemeenskapsprojekte. Die vertrekpunt van die studie is die verstaan van wat deelname behels, en watter metodologieë beskikbaar is vir ontwikkelingspraktisyns. Soos deur die gevallestudie geïllustreer, is daar 'n verband tussen die teorie en die praktiese gebruik van "Participatory Rural Appraisal" (PRA), die tegniek wat deur die spesifieke projek gebruik word. Alhoewel die PRA tegniek aangewend is, word baie van die belangrike besluite onafhanklik van die gemeenskap gemaak. Dit plaas 'n fokus op die kontroversiële posisie wat bestaan tussen tegniese insette aan die een kant en die mate waartoe gemeenskappe op hierdie tegniese vlak aan besluite moet deelneem, veral aangesien hierdie tipe deelname slegs op die roetine-goedkeuring van professionele sienswyses mag uitloop. Dit vra die pertinente vraag of deelname nie slegs 'n utopiese konsep is nie. Hierdie is nie 'n maklike vraag om te antwoord nie, maar, die gevallestudieondersoek ondersteun wel die idee dat deelname ingespan kan word om positiewe resultate vir 'n projek te verseker. Dit is belangrik om daarop te let dat selfs waar 'n sindroom van afhanklikheid ontwikkel het, die hoop bestaan om gemeenskappe aktief in projekte te laat deelneem. Hierdie beklemtoon die belangrikheid daarvan om sosiale verandering aan te moedig ten einde 'n positiewe ingesteldheid teenoor deelname te inspireer. Vir te lank reeds sien plaaslike gemeenskappe hierdie as die terrein slegs van opgeleide persone. Dit is dus belangrik dat ontwikkelingsagente aandag skenk daaraan om gemeenskappe te sensiteer rakende deelname, aangesien dit die suksesvolle uitvoering van al hulle projekte raak.
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Castles, Victor Aubrey. "An overview of community participation initiatives in the project life cycle of building and construction projects in the public sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49846.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Democratic systems are dependent on voluntary compliance of citizens to the commands of governments. A decline of public confidence in the public sector is an indicator of fundamental problems in the nature of a democratic system. Constitutional objectives and supporting legislation in South Africa advocates the practice of public participation through the Community Based Public Works Programme and integrated development planning at local council level. The importance of public participation as a vehicle to enhance the social capital of nations cannot be overstated. There are various opinions however of what model of public participation is best suited to the life cycle approach of project management. The literature supports the fact that social capital formation curtails the incidence of crime, poverty and other adverse social evils. A misaligned approach to the application of public participation holds the danger that the socio-economic objectives of government cannot be attained. In this regard, project managers have a responsibility towards government to apply public participation in their projects in such a way that formation of social capital is achieved. In tum, governments should endeavour to apply an appropriate amount of resources to these initiatives to get the critical mass necessary to turn the economy around.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Demokratiese sisteme is afhanklik van die vrywillige onderwerping van landsinwoners aan die eise van hul regerings. 'n Afname in die publiek se vertroue in die publieke sektor is 'n indikator van fundamentele probleme in die samestelling van 'n demokratiese bestel. Konstitusionele mikpunte asook ondersteunende wetgewing in Suid Afrika is bevorderlik vir die gebruik van publieke deelname deur middel van die Departement van Publieke Werke se Publieke Deelname Gebaseerde Program asook die geintegreerde ontwikkelingsprogram van lokale munisipaliteite. Die belangrikheid van publieke deelname as 'n middel waardeur nasionale sosiale kapitaal bevorder kan word kan nie onderbeklemtoon word nie. Daar is nogtans verskeie opinies ten opsigte van watter model van publieke deelname gebruik moet word in die lewenssiklus benadering van projekbestuur. Die literatuur ondersteun die feit dat sosiale kapitaal die voorkoms van kriminele aktiwiteit, armoede en ander negatiewe sosiale euwels bekamp. 'n Ongebalanseerde benadering tot die toepassing van publieke deelname hou die gevaar in dat die nasionale sosio-ekonomiese mikpunte nie behaal sal word nie. Projekbestuurders het daarom 'n verantwoordelikheid teenoor die staat om publieke deelname sodanig in projekte te fasiliteer dat sosiale kapitaal daardeur bevorder kan word. Die staat moet op hulle beurt weer sorg dat daar genoegsame hulpbronne aan hierdie inisiatiewe spandeer word om die kritiese massa te skep wat nodig is om die ekonomie te draai.
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KINYAGU, NEEMA. "Political Ecology : Local Community on Water Justice." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85884.
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Tourism is often promoted as growing industries that make an important economic contribution especially to marginalized communities in rural areas. But taking a Political Ecology approach, what sort of contribution does tourism really make? Why are its benefits spread unevenly? And have communities necessarily need to give up access and use rights to certain natural resources? This study provides an insight on understanding the different dimensions of justice on water access by local community from a tourism perspective. In understanding the issues of justice on water, environmental justice has been a central focus of this research. Justice issuesrelated to water access is still a complex phenomenal due to the truth that, it is embedded to historical and socio-cultural context and linked to integrity of ecosystem. However, justice issues can be viewed differently from different people in relation to different perspective. Therefore, Schlosberg framework of justice is adopted in this research to understand and explore water issues in three realms of justice i.e distributive, recognition and participation. Qualitative research method was employed in data collection and findings were presented based on three realms of Schlosberg's theory. However, researcher concluded that, there are mixed feelings and perceptions on understanding the sense of justice to local people in water access. Lastly, due to the fact that, the researches related to justice in tourism studies are still very limited , further research need to be done in investigating the access rights local people have on accessing their natural resources for instance water.
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Kimm, Dennis. "Windy Business: Exploring a Local Wind Power Project in Germany." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-330950.
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The need for a sustainable energy supply is widely recognized, as formulated under goal 7 of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Yet, on the local level problems may arise with the implementation of renewable energy systems, such as wind power. Issues around visual intrusion of the landscape, noise and shadow flicker, and concerns over wildlife protections are often in the heart of local resistance to wind power projects. The aim of this thesis is to closely examine the developments for wind power in the city of Euskirchen in Germany, including the planning and decision making processes, with regards to milestones and obstacles encountered over the last two decades. The analysis applies the methodology of a qualitative case study. Furthermore, views and opinions of involved and affected parties are collected through semi-structured interviews, and analysed through the lenses of social acceptance and public participation. Finally, from the examination of the planning and decision making processes and the discovered local attitudes towards wind energy, recommendations will be formulated to guide future wind power developments in the region.
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DePriest, Leah Rachelle. "Gauging and Articulating Sense of Place in Downtown Revitalization: The Case Study of Middletown, Ohio." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1272979143.
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Fongwa, Ernest Anye [Verfasser], and Albrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Gnauck. "A business modelling approach using petri nets to preserve ecosystem services by community-based financial participation / Ernest Anye Fongwa. Betreuer: Albrecht Gnauck." Cottbus : Universitätsbibliothek der BTU Cottbus, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101819634X/34.
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Emery, Kathy. "The business roundtable and systemic reform : how corporate-engineered high-stakes testing has eliminated community participation in developing educational goals and policies /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Mulu, Ngwi Nnam Thecla. "A critical analysis of participatory community development initiatives: a case study of the small business development department of the Elgin learning foundation in the Overberg Region." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4597_1367480860.
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Development thinking in the 21st century has embraced the challenge to inform development practice towards managing the relationship between the macro and micro level of development,
with an emphasis on people-centred development (PCD) and a participatory development approach (PDA). People-centred development advocates a process focused on people, which
enables beneficiaries of communitydevelopment initiatives to empower themselves through participation. People-centred development has been universally accepted in the development
community as the only viable option, with the potential to reverse decades of top-down approaches to development through the engagement of community stakeholders in a meaningful participation process. The social development scene in South Africa is characterised by a strong presence of the civil society in general and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in
particular, which are major role players in socio-economic development at the grassroots. Most of these organisations are committed to participatory development methodologies in order to
meet the needs of povertystricken communities in South Africa. This thesis critically assessed participatory development in the Small Business Development Departments&rsquo
(SBDD)
programmes/projects at the Elgin Learning Foundation, in the Overberg district of the Western Cape. A qualitative research methodology was applied throughout the study. This research
approach was chosen
because the purpose of this project was to understand and describe community participation at the SBDD from an insider&rsquo
s perspective, and not to predict social action
or make generalisations about it. Accordingly, observation, in-depth interviews, documentary analysis, and focus-group discussions were utilised for data collection. The study also used
secondary sources of information, namely policy briefs, project proposals, annual evaluation reports, and minutes of meetings. The findings indicate that the community-development activities
of the SBDD are very visible in the Overberg region, and that the organisation maintains good relationships with community stakeholders. In addition, the department contributes significantly towards entrepreneurship and skills development in the
community, through its training and mentorship programmes. However, results also suggest that community-development at the SBDD is not always people-centred because training
programmes are largely externally designed, monitored and evaluated, without taking into consideration the felt needs of the people. Participation that is perceived as a means to an end, rather than an end in itself can be described as tokenistic. In this light, the study recommends that the SBDD develops context-specific strategies to implement participatory methodologies at all stages
of project-cycle management, in order to provide an enabling environment for the genuine participation of people at the grassroots. This approach can empower community members and build
local institutional capacities to ensure project/programme sustainability in the long term.
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O'Malley, Terence T. "The impact of participation in the European monetary union of the abnormal returns to U.S. target companies acquaired by European firms." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2002. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/291.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Business Administration
Finance
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Takawira, Andrew. "What should be done to attract private sector participation in the SADC regional strategic water infrastructural development programme?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/8505.
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Thesis (MDF)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) Treaty aims at achieving regional integration, poverty alleviation and economic growth. Water is a catalyst to these aims, thus making it key for the region to manage and develop water resources. Water in the SADC region is a shared resource among the countries, making joint development of the resource important for peace and prosperity. SADC has been promoting transboundary water resources management among its member states. The region has done a lot of work in establishing an enabling environment for the management of water resources. The SADC Protocol for Shared Watercourses (the “Watercourses Protocol”), the Regional Water Policy (the “Water Policy”) and the Regional Water Strategy (the “Water Strategy”) are all instruments that have been developed to support the management of water resources. However, the region remains heavily under-developed in terms of water infrastructure and in order for the region to develop its water resources, the SADC secretariat has developed a Regional Strategic Water Infrastructure Development Programme (referred to as the “SADC Programme for water infrastructure development” in this study). The Programme is aimed at responding to the lack of infrastructural development in the region and identifies regional water projects to be implemented. Water is a sector that struggles in attracting private sector funding and involvement. This study aims to look into ways that the private sector can been attracted to participate in the Programme for water infrastructure development and also proposes ways they can be engaged. Private-sector involvement varies from project identification to project implementation and funding. To attract the private sector to participate in the SADC Programme for water infrastructure development, SADC and the member states have to build on the enabling environment established in the region and also on relationships based on existing institutions. The private sector needs to be assured of good market potential and sound financial returns. This can be achieved if the region better co-ordinates the prioritization of regional projects through integrated planning. NEPAD and SADC working closely together, to issue that a consistent development agenda is communicated to potential investors, could add value and avoid duplication. It is also important to link to national development priorities in order to ensure that local issues are addressed. Capacity of the public sector to support regional projects is also important – capacity to develop bankable projects, develop financing mechanisms and to implement the projects is required at all levels. The SADC region lacks capacity to participate in complex infrastructure projects and this has to be addressed through establishing a Private Public Partnership Unit at the SADC Secretariat. Capacity to also manage and regulate water services is lacking in a number of countries in the region. These are important issues to ensure fair pricing and to give the private sector confidence on issues of tariff setting. To attract private funding into the water sector the region needs to develop innovative financing mechanisms in order to leverage market-based repayable finance. In the implementation of the SADC Programme for water infrastructure development there is a need to evaluate various types of innovative financial instruments and assess their potential use for regional water projects. Local capital markets in a number of the countries are weak, therefore the implementation of the SADC Protocol on Finance and Investment (the “Finance Protocol”) is important in strengthening these markets. Political will and good governance within member states are also important in attracting investors. SADC as the promoter of infrastructure policies in the region should play a proactive role in encouraging its member states to observe the rule of law and also to use existing treaties within SADC to ensure countries do so. Poor governance and unstable economies are a disincentive for private sector involvement.
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Blüchert, Simon, and Mårten Nordbeck. "Connecting Value Co-Creation Practices and Consumer Relationships in Brand Communities : A Comparative Multiple Case Study of Two Adidas Runners Communities." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414424.
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A strong brand community is characterized by its value co-creation practices and brand community consumer relationships. Although previous brand community literature explains the contribution of brand community entities through these practices and relationships separately, no identified research has focused on how these practices are connected to the consumer relationships. In short, this body of literature has neglected to describe what practice corresponds to which consumer relationship. Therefore, the purpose of this study sought to describe the value co-creation practices within brand communities in relation to its consumer relationships. A comparative multiple case study of two Adidas Runners communities was applied to address this. The findings suggest that the higher level of brand community entity involvement in value-co creation practices, the stronger brand community consumer relationships. Furthermore, the study details the connections between the different value co-creation practices and their corresponding consumer relationships. Specifically, these connections are as follows; social networking and community engagement practices connected to the consumer-other consumers and consumer-marketer relationships, impression management practices connected to the consumer-brand relationship, and brand use practices connected to the consumer-product and consumer-marketer relationships. In addition, the findings suggest the practice of socializing to be added to the set of value cocreation practices.
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Jones, Bertram O'Brian. "Community-Based Tourism| An Exploratory Study of Barbados." Thesis, Walden University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10124241.
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Tourism, Barbados’s primary industry, declined substantially from the outset of the 2008 global recession, triggering an economic slump in the local economy. The purpose of this exploratory study was to explore the views of 20 Barbadian tourism executives regarding the ability of community-based tourism (CBT) to resuscitate Barbados’s tourism industry. The participants included 10 from the government and 10 from the business sector; all possessed knowledge of CBT and worked with tourism for at least 10 years. Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation constituted the conceptual framework of this study. Participants were recruited by snowball and purposive sampling. Data were collected using an interview guide with semistructured interview questions, an audio recorder, and interview notes. The collected data were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis, which involved collating the most cited codes into potential themes and developing thematic maps. The major themes that emerged from the data analysis of the private sector included the use of CBT as a means to solidify social relationships among locals and tourists and its ability to encourage repeat vacations. The major themes that materialized from interviewing the government workers included the need for the education of residents regarding the importance of their roles as stakeholder participants and the obligation by the relevant officials to stem any potential for criminal activity that could occur through CBT implementation. Repeated vacations through CBT could give rise to positive social change in the island by generating increased foreign currency injections and improving the social well-being of Barbadians and the Barbados economy.
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Boateng, Joyce. "An investigative study assessing the success factors and hindrances in the effective resource mobilisation for a municipal entity in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95630.
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Thesis (MBA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2013.Resources are the heartbeat of an institution. Without adequate resources, an institution will fail to implement its mandate and will also face problems as a going concern that could eventually lead to its collapse, thereby failing the hopes and aspirations of the people it claims to serve. An institution must develop a conscious effort to mobilise its resources by including this aspect in its business strategy and prioritising it. Ntinga O.R. Tambo Development Agency has been established to implement the LED strategy of the O.R. Tambo District Municipality. As a municipal entity this Development Agency is prohibited from trading to realise additional funding and depends solely on grants from the District Municipality, which are on the decline. Registering the entity as a state-owned company (SOC) would allow it to trade to generate revenue and be eligible to collaborate with investors in developing self-sustaining communities. Improving the socio-economic status of any community requires the development of capital infrastructure. Sustainable community development can only be achieved if proper processes are in place to facilitate an all-inclusive community participation process that allows the communities to decide on programmes that will improve their livelihoods and also take their cultural beliefs into consideration. Communities must be empowered to take decisions that affect their future and they must be consulted at the project initiation stage through to its implementation and finalisation. The community programmes that are implemented must be informed by community needs assessments that are properly undertaken and will utilise community resources to meet unmet needs. Successful community programmes are those that are embraced by the communities. Performance monitoring systems are important to assess the attainment of set objectives so that the programme’s impact on the socio-economic status of the communities can be evaluated. Management is responsible for mobilising resources. However, successful resource mobilisation requires the involvement of the board of directors and the establishment of a resource mobilisation advisory council, with its members being well connected. A lean resource mobilisation structure should be maintained and populated when the need arises. Good governance and clean audit reports are catalysts for successful resource mobilisation and all governance structures must be in place to ensure that fraud and theft are limited. Continuous risk assessments are critical in curbing fraud and theft. Relationship management with funders is important. It entails the development of trust and respect. Some funders will invest in a programme based on the common values they share with the organisation. The organisational culture must visibly display the shared values that are lived by all of the organisation’s employees. Resource mobilisation efforts should not rely solely on one income stream, but should be a combination of a number of efforts, from strategic partnerships in the form of public-private partnerships, to property management. An institution must be creative and innovative in adapting its operations in an environment that is ever-changing especially its agility in responding to constant changes in funding institutions’ requirements. Non-compliance with donor funding requirements and investor funding conditions is a barrier to resource mobilisation efforts. Lack of properly qualified personnel to manage investor and donor funding, which could lead to mismanagement of funds, erodes investor confidence in an institution.
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Bentley, Rosemary Diane. "Dancing with the Shadows of Wellbeing: An Exploration of Participatory Action Research Processes as a Catalyst for Transformation of Staff Wellbeing." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2505.
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My abiding concern with human and planetary wellbeing and an emerging interest in the potential of Participatory Action Research as a method of engaging with restorative, life-enhancing ways of being are central to the research reported here. Chomsky (2003), Kelsey (2002), Roddick (2001), and Stiglitz (2003) are amongst many authors who argue that the way in which we shape and are shaped by our relationships with one another has contributed to an intolerable, inhumane and unsustainable compromise of human and planetary wellbeing. Through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) project with staff from Te Ra, a community based on the holistic ideals of Rudolf Steiner, and thus an organisation explicitly committed to holistic wellbeing of people and planet, we sought to explore the challenges to such wellbeing. While our mutual attention was focused on enhancing staff wellbeing at their place of employment, my wider attention was also given to an investigation of the value of a critical analysis to the wider political and economic context in which this organisation works to meet the aspirations of this community. My deep attention has also focused on the potential for PAR to make a contribution to the transformational aspirations of critical theorists who are concerned to uncover and transform aspects of society that inhibit justice and wellbeing of people and planet. My metaphor of choice, to allow me the engagement in all three spheres simultaneously, is the metaphor of Dance. In my work with the staff of Te Ra, our intent was to 'dance with the Shadows', alluding to Jungian references to hidden aspects of ourselves and this community, to discover if un-wellness and disconnection from self and others could be transformed into flourishing relationships and wellbeing in the organisation. McNiff (2000) proposes that PAR has the potential to generate living theories that redefine the main purpose of organisation theory in terms of human wellbeing. Throughout this research project, principles of PAR are woven in with work of critical organisational theorists, psychologists and anthropologists. The already established ideas of reflection, observation, reflexivity, and action are choreographed with the less often considered ideas of those aspects of the research relationship that may inhibit mutuality. While this organisation is explicitly and deeply committed to underpinning all that is aspired to with a relational ethic, the impact that instrumental practices associated with an intensifying neo-liberal economic external environment have not left this organisation untouched. It took commitment, courage and resources to identify and engage with the Shadows masked by intrinsic and extrinsic pressures and processes that these research participants were experiencing. Engaging in PAR processes allowed us dance 'up close and personal' with their aspirations to begin transforming what was not well, while recognising and reinforcing the organisation's existing strong philosophical and spiritual foundations that emphasized individual freedom and collective responsibility for wellbeing of all. Based on the significant transformations achieved during this project we posit that PAR provides a collaborative opportunity for academics and practitioners to 'dance with the Shadows' of individuals and communities to make a significant contribution to the development of sustainable relationships in workplaces where human and planetary wellbeing is the priority.
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Mashima, Daisuke. "Safeguarding health data with enhanced accountability and patient awareness." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45775.
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Several factors are driving the transition from paper-based health records to electronic health record systems. In the United States, the adoption rate of electronic health record systems significantly increased after "Meaningful Use" incentive program was started in 2009. While increased use of electronic health record systems could improve the efficiency and quality of healthcare services, it can also lead to a number of security and privacy issues, such as identity theft and healthcare fraud. Such incidents could have negative impact on trustworthiness of electronic health record technology itself and thereby could limit its benefits.
In this dissertation, we tackle three challenges that we believe are important to improve the security and privacy in electronic health record systems. Our approach is based on an analysis of real-world incidents, namely theft and misuse of patient identity, unauthorized usage and update of electronic health records, and threats from insiders in healthcare organizations. Our contributions include design and development of a user-centric monitoring agent system that works on behalf of a patient (i.e., an end user) and securely monitors usage of the patient's identity credentials as well as access to her electronic health records. Such a monitoring agent can enhance patient's awareness and control and improve accountability for health records even in a distributed, multi-domain environment, which is typical in an e-healthcare setting. This will reduce the risk and loss caused by misuse of stolen data. In addition to the solution from a patient's perspective, we also propose a secure system architecture that can be used in healthcare organizations to enable robust auditing and management over client devices. This helps us further enhance patients' confidence in secure use of their health data.
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Coelho, Jose Flavio Guerra Machado, and f. coelho@bigpond com. "SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MODEL FOR INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATIONS AND SUPPLY CHAINS." Central Queensland University, 2006. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20060720.094327.
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The title of the research is Sustainability Performance Evaluation Management Systems Model for Individual Organizations and Supply Chains. This research has achieved its aim to develop and demonstrate the practical implementation of a simple and objective sustainability performance evaluation management system model for individual organizations and supply chains. It has resulted in the recognition that a new concept Network of Interested Partners underpins the achievement of sustainability. The term acknowledges the interdependence and reflects the essential cooperation that must be achieved between business organisations, their commercially related entities and the local community if progress towards sustainability is to be achieved. It therefore encompasses and extends the concept of a supply chain as currently used.
Sustainable Development is defined by the World Commission on Environment and Development as development, which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future societies to meet their own needs. Organizations, as part of human activities, also have to be sustainable. The sustainability of organizations is directly linked to the continual improvement of business performance. Many organizations have found a way to improve performance through the establishment of management systems. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards are recognized worldwide as reliable and efficient tools for the implementation of management systems. However, they do not always result in the desired improvement in outcomes. Therefore, if the required improvement of business performance is to be achieved, improved methodologies for development and implementation of performance evaluation (PE) processes are necessary. These methodologies must take into consideration sustainability principles. They also have to be applicable to individual entities and supply chains, with or without management systems in place. Supply chains are important because it is being increasingly recognized that overall supply chain performance is a means of adding value and competitive advantage to all businesses.
In the first part of the research a performance evaluation model or PE (version 1 model) was developed. This was used as criteria to compare and evaluate existing performance evaluation processes and outcomes of individual organisations and their respective supply chain within the Gladstone region, Australia. Questionnaires have also been used to identify and evaluate the needs of the interested parties in relation to the organizations and supply chains business performance and processes of performance evaluation.
All the information provided in the first part of the research was used by the researcher to develop the Sustainability Performance Evaluation Management Systems model or SPEMS (version 2 model). This incorporates the concepts of Network of Interested Parties/Partners. In particular, one of the outcomes is recognition that organizations need to establish partnerships if effective supply chain performance improvement is to be achieved. Therefore the establishment of partnerships has become a key requirement for the implementation of SPEMS.
The establishment of partnership among participants of a supply chain of Gladstone and implementation of the eight first steps of the SPEMS (version 2 model) in this supply chain was commenced successfully through workshops. The supply chain was formed by commercial organizations, government entities and interested parties from the community. SPEMS requires that partners all have the same level of ownership and authority in the decisions of the supply chain.
Some new terms and their definitions have been created within the research to support the new SPEMS model. They include: Network of Interested Partners, sustainability for organizations, sustainability KPI and sustainability friendly organizations.
All of the above are encompassed within the final SPEMS (version 3 model).
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Schunk, Maria A. "Local Forces in Tourism Development in the Castillos Coastal Zone, Uruguay: the Role of Local Businesses and Community Groups." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1051478758.
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Andersson, Hanna, and Anna Andrésson. "Deltagande i budgetprocessen : En fallstudie om vilka faktorer som bidrar till motivation och minskar slack." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-11238.
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Att skapa en budget handlar om att ta fram en prognos för framtida ekonomiska resultat både vad det gäller likviditet, resultat- och balansräkningen. Den kan ha olika syften inom ett företag och kan användas för att motivera de underordnade cheferna genom att låta dem vara delaktiga i processen då det skapas mål som leder till en belöning. Deltagande i budgetprocessen definieras som en process där de underordnade cheferna är involverade och har befogenhet att påverka budgeteringen. Tidigare forskning visar både fördelar och nackdelar med att låta de underordnade cheferna delta. Positiva effekter är att de underordnade chefer får en motivation genom att delta i processen och de negativa effekterna är att de underordnade cheferna har möjlighet att förhandla in slack i budgeten för att lättare nå de uppsatta målen. Den tidigare forskningen beskriver också olika faktorer som kan påverka att de underordnade cheferna blir motiverade eller får en benägenhet att skapa och förhindra att slack uppkommer. Syftet med denna undersökning var att studera på vilket sätt deltagande i budgetprocessen påverkar de underordnade chefernas motivation och benägenhet till budgetslack. Vidare är syftet att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan påverka att de underordnade cheferna blir motiverade i sitt arbete samt risken för att de förhandlar in slack. För att besvara forskningsfrågan användes en kvalitativ forskningsmetod där tolv intervjuer genomfördes på det specifika företaget. Det fallföretaget som studien är genomförd på arbetar aktivt med att låta de underordnade cheferna delta i budgetprocessen och ses där som en viktig faktor för att processen blir framgångsrik. Resultatet av studien visar att det är av vikt för företag att låta de underordnade cheferna delta i budgetprocessen då det är en av de största orsakerna som leder till motivation för dem. Det visar också att deltagandet leder till att företagsledningen får relevant information till budgeten då det är de underordnade cheferna som har den största kunskapen om sin avdelning. Genom studien går det att utläsa fyra faktorer som leder till att de underordnade cheferna får motivation och dessa är kommunikation, strategisk planering, gemenskap och samarbete samt personligheter. Där är kommunikation den viktigaste faktorn som både indirekt och direkt påverkar de andra faktorerna. Slack anses inte förekomma på detta företag och det går inte genom studien se att deltagande skulle leda till att det skapas slack. Studien visar två faktorer som leder till att slack inte uppkommer i detta företaget och det är informationsasymmetri samt gemenskap och samarbete.Budget is about producing a forecast for future financial performance, both in terms of earnings, liquidity and balance sheet. It can have different purposes within a company and can be used to motivate the subordinate managers by allowing them to participate in the process when creating goals that lead to a reward. Participation in the budget process is defined as a process in which the subordinate managers are involved and have the authority to influence the budget. Previous research shows both the pros and cons of allowing the subordinate managers to attend. Positive effects are that subordinate managers get motivated by participating in the process and the negative effects are that the subordinate managers can negotiate slack in the budget to more easily reach the goals. The previous research also describes various factors that can influence the subordinate managers to be motivated or tend to create and prevent slack from occurring. The purpose of this survey was to study how participation in the budget process affects the subordinate managers' motivation and likelihood of budget slack. Furthermore, the purpose is to investigate which factors may affect the subordinate managers being motivated in their work and the risk of negotiating slack. To answer the research question, a qualitative research method was used by doing twelve interviews at the specific company. The case company in which the study is conducted works actively to allow the subordinate managers to participate in the budget process which is an important factor in the success of the process. The result of the study shows that it is important for companies to let the subordinate managers participate in the budget process as it is one of the biggest reasons that motivates them. It also shows that the participation leads to the highest management getting relevant information to the budget as it is the subordinate managers who have the greatest knowledge of their department. Through the study, four factors can be identified that lead to the motivation of the subordinate managers, such as communication, strategic planning, community and cooperation, as well as personalities. The communication is the most important factor that both indirectly and directly affects the other factors. Slack is not considered to exist in this company and through the study it is not possible to see that participation would lead to the creation of slack. The study shows that it is possible to read two factors that prevent slack not to occur in this company, and it is information asymmetries as well as community and cooperation.
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Rogers, Nathalia Ablovatskaya. "The politics of business in an age of transition : political attitudes and political participation of the Russian capital owners." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36787.
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Significant and rapid social change has occurred in Russia in the recent decade. With the collapse of communism and the dissolution of the former socialist block, Russian society entered a new stage of development, a stage of transformation towards a capitalist society with a democratic political system. In the course of this transformation, a new social group of Russian private capital owners has emerged.This research focuses on the political attitudes and political participation of Russian businessmen who own and manage their own capital. In particular, it examines the extent to which capital owners are willing to support the consolidation of the democratic regime in Russia. The analysis was based on interviews with 60 capital owners conducted in Moscow, the capital of Russia. I examine their attitudes towards democracy, democratic institutions and democratic procedures, along with their ways of political participation in correlation with the size and origin of the capital that the businessmen own, controlling for age, education and political past. The purpose of this analysis was to establish if structural conditions such as the size and origin of the capital might play a role in a capital owners' pro-liberal political orientation.
Three main conclusions emerge from this research: (1) Russian capital owners are not uniformly pro-liberal in their political orientation, some businessmen being hostile to democratic political rule, and others having only limited pro-liberal political attitudes; (2) those capital owners who have pro-liberal political attitudes, limited or not, are the least likely to participate politically; (3) owners of small and medium sized independent type capital constitute the most pro-democratic group among Russian businessmen.
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Koudouh, Mboumba Cathy. "La presse d'entreprise et la représentation des relations humaines : étude de cas : le Groupe Elf Aquitaine." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020042.
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L’instauration des relations humaines dans l’entreprise a suscité de nouvelles méthodes de gestion, et dans lesquelles la communication a été le mobile fondamental. Ainsi, le facteur humain a pu être reconsidéré dans l’organisation du travail, et la participation des salariés dans la marche de l’entreprise, a été éveillée. Nous avons choisi d’analyser la représentation des relations humaines, à travers le journal interne, au sein du Groupe Elf, afin de révéler l’ensemble des pratiques et techniques, mis en oeuvre pour permettre aux salariés de s’épanouir dans l’entreprise. Mis à part son rôle d’information, avec pour but de sensibiliser les salariés aux objectifs et aux enjeux de l’entreprise, le journal interne est également un espace d’expression, dans lequel les dirigeants et les salariés, se reconnaissent dans une démarche collective. Il reproduit les relations humaines qui y naissent, à travers l’organisation et les enjeux professionnels de l’entreprise. A travers les représentations de l’entreprise qu’il véhicule en son sein, de par son contenu, il semble accompagner cette dernière dans son rôle sociétal. De la sorte, il reste un lien d’échanges qui maintient une relation triangulaire entre l’entreprise, ses salariés et son environnement externeThe institution of human relations in the company has created new management methods, and in which the mobile communication was fundamental. In this way, the human factor could be reconsidered in the labor’s organization and employees’ participation in the operation of the company was awake. We chose to analyze the representation of human relationships, through the internal newspaper within the group Elf, to reveal all the practical and technical implementations to allow employees to be happy within the company. Apart from its role of information, with the aim to sensitize employees to the objectives and challenges of the company, the internal newspaper is also a space for expression in which managers and employees identify themselves with an approach collective. It reproduces the human relationships that are born, through the organization and the professional challenges of the business. Because of its content, the newspaper group Elf seems to accompany the company in its role in society through human figures, it carries within it. Such like, there remains an exchange link which supports a triangular relation between the firm, its employees and its external environment
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Bah, Adama. "Essays on Development Policies : Social Protection, Community-Based Development and Regional Integration." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10441.
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Cette thèse propose une analyse de certaines des politiques considérées actuellement comme étant des éléments-clé de toute stratégie de développement, avec l’objectif de contribuer au récent débat sur le développement international. Je considère en particulier l’élaboration, la mise en oeuvre et l’évaluation des politiques de protection sociale, de développement participatif et d’intégration régionale. Le premier chapitre repose sur l’idée que, pour être efficaces en matière de réduction de la pauvreté, les politiques de protection sociale doivent avoir pour double objectif de permettre aux ménages pauvres d’accéder à des ressources suffisantes pour satisfaire leurs besoins de base, ainsi que de réduire le risque auquel les ménages non pauvres sont confrontés de voir leur niveau de bien-être diminuer sous le seuil de pauvreté. Je propose une méthode permettant d’estimer le degré de vulnérabilité à la pauvreté des ménages. La vulnérabilité est ici définie comme la probabilité pour un ménage de se trouver sous le seuil de pauvreté dans le futur, étant données ses caractéristiques actuelles. Dans le second chapitre, je me place dans un contexte de ciblage des programmes de protection sociale par un score approximant le niveau de vie (proxy-means testing). La précision, et donc l’efficacité, de cette approche pour identifier les ménages pauvres dépendent de la capacité à prédire avec exactitude le niveau de bien-être des ménages, laquelle découle de la sélection de variables pertinentes. Je propose une méthode basée sur l’estimation d’un échantillon aléatoire de modèles de consommation, pour identifier les variables dont la corrélation avec le bien-être des ménages est à la fois élevée et robuste. Ces variables appartiennent à différentes catégories, y compris la possession de biens durables, l’accès aux services d’énergie domestique et d’assainissement, la qualité et le statut d’occupation du logement, et le niveau d’éducation des membres du ménage. Les troisième et quatrième chapitres de cette thèse proposent une analyse ex-post des politiques de développement, et portent en particulier sur les conséquences inattendues d’un programme de développement participatif et les raisons de l’insuffisante performance de politiques d’intégration régionale, respectivement. Le troisième chapitre évalue dans quelle mesure la réaction des deux groupes rebelles présents aux Philippines face à la mise en oeuvre d’un programme participatif d’aide au développement est compatible avec l’idée que ces deux groupes ont différentes idéologies, caractéristiques et raisons pour lutter contre le gouvernement. Il utilise une base de données collectées en utilisant les reportages d’un journal local concernant les épisodes de guerre impliquant ces deux groupes, ainsi que les prédictions d’un modèle d’insurrection basé sur la recherche de rente (rent-seeking). Les résultats sont conformes à la classification proposée de ces deux groupes rebelles ; leur réaction face au projet dépend de leur position idéologique. Le dernier chapitre analyse l’impact des guerres civiles en Afrique sur la performance des communautés économiques régionales, approximée par la synchronisation des cycles économiques des différents partenaires régionaux. Les résultats montrent que la synchronisation des cycles économiques diminue avec l’occurrence de guerres civiles, non seulement pour les pays directement affectés, mais également pour leurs voisins en paixIn this thesis, I aim to contribute to the recent international development debate, by providing an analysis of some of the policies that are considered key elements of a development strategy. Focusing on social protection, community-based development and regional integration, I consider aspects related to their design, implementation and evaluation. In the first chapter, I propose a method to estimate ex ante vulnerability to poverty, defined as the probability of being poor in the near future given one’s current characteristics. This is based on the premise that effective social protection policies should aim not only to help the poor move out of poverty, but also to protect the vulnerable from falling into it. In the second chapter, I consider the issue of identifying the poor in a context of targeting social protection programs using a Proxy-Means Testing (PMT) approach, which precision, and therefore usefulness relies on the selection of indicators that produce accurate predictions of household welfare. I propose a method based on model random sampling to identify indicators that are robustly and strongly correlated with household welfare, measured by per capita consumption. These indicators span the categories of household private asset holdings, access to basic domestic energy, education level, sanitation and housing. The third and fourth chapters of this thesis provide an ex-post analysis of development policies and focus in particular on the unintended consequences of a community-driven program and on the reasons for the lack of progress in regional economic integration. The third chapter assesses whether the reaction of the two distinct rebel groups that operate in the Philippines to the implementation of a large-scale community-driven development project funded by foreign aid is consistent with the idea that these two groups have different ideologies, characteristics and motives for fighting. It is based on a unique geo-referenced dataset that we collected from local newspaper reports on the occurrence of conflict episodes involving these rebel groups, and on the predictions of a rent-seeking model of insurgency. The findings are consistent with the proposed classification of the rebel groups; the impact of the foreign aid project on each rebel group depends on their ideological stance. In the last chapter, I analyze how civil conflicts affect the economic fate of African regional economic communities through its effect on the synchronicity of regional partners’ economies. I find that conflict decreases business cycle synchronicity when it occurs within a regional economic community, both for the directly affected countries and for their more peaceful regional peers
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Lin, Tzu-Chieh, and 林資傑. "Users'' Participation in Business Micro-blogging Community: From Relationship Commitment Perspective." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68512405237816395076.
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碩士國立中山大學
傳播管理研究所
100
With the rise of Web 2.0 concept, the development of virtual communities focuses more on the factors of relationship and interaction. Micro-blogging, the kind of community platforms that limit the length of a post and emphasize real-time and interactive features, has become popular these years. Seeing the potential of micro-blogging marketing, many businesses start to use micro-blogging as a promotional channel. With the different characteristics and multiple features of micro-blogging services, however, most businesses are still exploring how to make relationship marketing successful. This study uses commitment-trust theory by Morgan & Hunt (1994) to investigate the building of trust and commitment between users and communities and their influence on community loyalty from the perspective of relationship commitment. An online-survey was conducted among Plurk users, and 300 valid respondents were used for data analysis by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that commitment and trust have a significantly positive effect on loyalty. Trust is significantly influenced by shared values, communication and opportunistic behavior, and commitment is significantly influenced by relation-ship benefits and trust. Information quality and shared values, however, do not have significant impact on commitment. Furthermore, user characteristics and usage frequency have significant moderating effect on the level of causal influence. The results show the importance of trust and commitment building in micro-blogging and provide useful suggestions for micro-blogging marketing.
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Sithole, Thomson. "An exploratory study on factors associated with participation in income generating community projects." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8290.
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M.A. (Social Sciences)The engagement of local people in development projects has become a common phenomenon that development theorists and practitioners have emphasised for the past few decades. The debate was sparked by the realisation of the failure of the top-down approach to development which had serious consequences in project sustainability. Therefore, the bottom-up approach of community participation in development projects has been viewed as a panacea for sustainable projects at the grass roots level. The study is based on the understanding that community participation is central in community development, in order to ensure sustainability. It has been observed and acknowledged from the empirical evidence that, despite the acceptance of participation as workable alternative and useful approach to community development, there are many collapsed projects and blame has been shifted to lack of funding and other factors such as economic meltdown as the major setbacks. Today, concerns are raised on the ineffectiveness of community participation, which may lead to project failures. In many instances, local people have become recipients of pre-designed projects by outsiders and often the objects of administrative manipulation. This implies that development agents were determined to impose their own thinking and understanding of community participation on the community. As a result, development projects that local people were expected to take over in the implementation phase collapsed and such communities did not take responsibility for their failures. The question to be answered is whether community participation is the hallmark of project sustainability or just one of the processes that is necessary in development articulation. It is against this background that the study explored factors associated with participation in income generating community projects in Botlokwa community in Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo province. The qualitative method was employed in this study.
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Musyoka, Jason M. "Participation and accountability in integrated development planning : the case of eThekwini Municipality's small businesses related local economic development in the eThekwini Municipality." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/949.
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鄭美枝. "The research of the relations between the participation attitude and life values of advanced aged community business in Penghu County." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9c4tj6.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
成人教育研究所
97
The research of the relations between the participation attitude and life values of advanced aged community business in Penghu County Department of college: Graduate Institute of Adult Education, NKNU Graduation and subject: Ph. D. Dissertation Abstract---2009 Graduate student: Mei-Chih, Cheng Advisor:Guo-De Yang,ph.D. Abstract This research is for the purpose of discussing the relations between the community business participation attitude and the life values, and the research sample is the advanced aged in Penghu County. Concrete goal includes the understanding of the present situation of business participation attitude and life values in the advanced aged community, the discussion on the different situation of the business participation attitude and life value in advanced aged community in different personal backgrounds, and the related situations, and analyze the differences situations of business participation attitude and life values in the advanced aged community in different personal backgrounds. According to the research conclusion, proposes the concrete proposal, and as the basis and the reference for the advanced aged in Penghu County and the government related organization. In order to reach the above goal, this research uses the procedure of the questionnaire , which takes the advanced aged in Penghu County as the research sample, and sends out 420 questionnaire, and recycles 380 effectively. The effective returns-ratio is 91%, and analyzing with the statistical method analysis processing by the project analysis, the factor analysis, the credibility analysis, the descriptive statistics, the independent sample t examination, the single factor variance analysis, the Piersen accumulated rate the statistical methods and the double factor variance analysis and so on, and obtaining the following conclusion: First, the advanced aged perform up to or above the standard to the community business participation attitude, perform well in the stratification of community environment, perform poorly in the public security. Second, the advanced aged are highly aware in the life value consciousness, especially more ideal in the cognition to the life perception, but not ideal in the two stratifications of the sense of responsibility, the sense of mission and the interpersonal relationship. Third, the advanced aged have different participation attitude in community business in different sexes, the age, the education level, the marital status, the healthy situation and the financial circumstance. Fourth, the advanced aged have different life values in different sexes, the age, the education level, the marital status, the healthy situation and the financial circumstance. Fifth, the higher degree of the participation attitude the advanced aged community business is , the feeling of the consciousness in their life values is also high, which demonstrated that the community business participation attitude and the life values are being related positively. Sixth, financial circumstances and community business participation attitude both will affect the performance of the advanced aged on the life values. According to the above conclusion, proposing several suggestions as the reference: First, the suggestion to the community advanced aged (1) Participate community business initiatively, then strengthens the value of the selfhood (2) Strengthens the understanding to the life value in the community environment (3) Learn to serve other people, and promote the responsibility of life and the sense of mission Second, the suggestion to the government organization concerned (1) Propagandize regularly, set up the short-term life education curriculum and guide the advanced aged to perceive the life (2) Use the Community organizations, consolidate the community resources, and develop the recognition of the advanced aged. (3) Encourage to conduct the activity frequently to promotes the interpersonal relationship of the advanced aged. (4) Encourage the participation of the advanced aged on community business by giving rewards. Third, the suggestion to the following research (1) Object of study aspect: The expansion of the research region can increases the deduction of the findings. (2) Research technique aspect: May add nature research technique. (3) Research variable aspect: May increase other variables, for example, the occupations, the differences in community regions, the community housing time and the post that one holds in the community. (4) Research tool aspect: Design the questionnaire which can be filled in answers easier to make the research carry on smoother Key words: Community business participation attitude, life values, advanced aged, Penghu County
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Thecla, Mulu Ngwi Nnam. "A critical analysis of participatory community development initiatives: a case study of the small business development department of the Elgin learning foundation in the Overberg region." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3741.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)Development thinking in the 21st century has embraced the challenge to inform development practice towards managing the relationship between the macro and micro level of development, with an emphasis on people-centred development (PCD) and a participatory development approach (PDA). People-centred development advocates a process focused on people, which enables beneficiaries of communitydevelopment initiatives to empower themselves through participation. People-centred development has been universally accepted in the development community as the only viable option, with the potential to reverse decades of top-down approaches to development through the engagement of community stakeholders in a meaningful participation process. The social development scene in South Africa is characterised by a strong presence of the civil society in general and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in particular, which are major role players in socio-economic development at the grassroots. Most of these organisations are committed to participatory development methodologies in order to meet the needs of povertystricken communities in South Africa.This thesis critically assessed participatory development in the Small Business Development Departments’ (SBDD) programmes/projects at the Elgin Learning Foundation, in the Overberg district of the Western Cape. A qualitative research methodology was applied throughout the study. This research approach was chosen because the purpose of this project was to understand and describe community participation at the SBDD from an insider’s perspective, and not to predict social action or make generalisations about it. Accordingly, observation, in-depth interviews,documentary analysis, and focus-group discussions were utilised for data collection. The study also used secondary sources of information, namely policy briefs, project proposals, annual evaluation reports, and minutes of meetings.The findings indicate that the community-development activities of the SBDD are very visible in the Overberg region, and that the organisation maintains good relationships with community stakeholders. In addition, the department contributes significantly towards entrepreneurship and skills development in the community,through its training and mentorship programmes. However, results also suggest that community-development at the SBDD is not always people-centred because training programmes are largely externally designed, monitored and evaluated, without taking into consideration the felt needs of the people. Participation that is perceived as a means to an end, rather than an end in itself can be described as tokenistic. In this light, the study recommends that the SBDD develops context-specific strategies to implement participatory methodologies at all stages of project-cycle management, in order to provide an enabling environment for the genuine participation of people at the grassroots. This approach can empower community members and build local institutional capacities to ensure project/programme sustainability in the long term.
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Mabunda, Dumisani Quiet. "The challenges in establishing partnership policing in Soshanguve." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18575.
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Despite various policing strategies in the recent past, the police alone have not been able reduce crime in Soshanguve. Research into how partnerships in policing can assist in finding solutions to crime prevention is limited. The police have come to realise that they need the active involvement and cooperation of and support from the community and other role players to prevent crime. This research has as its aim the identification of the challenges in establishing partnerships in policing the Soshanguve policing area.
A qualitative approach was adopted. An interview schedule with predetermined questions was designed, piloted and used in focus group interviews with participants who are actively involved in partnerships in policing in the area. Interviews were conducted with 45 participants in three focus group interviews to obtain their views, opinions and perceptions of partnerships in policing.
The collected data was transcribed verbatim (using words and phrases of the participants), analysed and interpreted. The data was analysed and interpreted using manual open coding, with the aim of identifying and examining patterns of similarities or differences in the data. A literature study was conducted to gain a better understanding of partnerships in policing. Research indicates that partnerships in policing have been effectively implemented in other parts of the world and can be implemented in South Africa in general and in Soshanguve in particular.
Factors that inhibit partnerships in policing between the police and the community as well as in other environments were identified. These factors include among others, lack of trust, communication and cooperation. Recommendations are made to all concerned; particularly to the South African Police Service management on how partnerships in policing can be effectively implemented.Criminology and Security Science
M. Tech. (Policing)
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Wushe, Tawaziwa. "Corporate community engagement (CCE) in Zimbabwe's mining industry from the Stakeholder Theory perspective." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14154.
Full textAbstract:
Questionnaires translated into ShonaMineral extraction is one of the key drivers of Africa’s economies and is also one of the largest industries in the world. In many African countries, including Zimbabwe, mining contributes to profound parts of the economy and remain the engine for economic growth. In recent years, and following the continual exploitation of minerals, mining companies have been scrutinized as a major cause of social, environmental, and economic problems faced mainly by communities at the margins. In this regard, mining companies are widely perceived to be prospering at the expense of adjacent communities, who are the primary recipients of the externalities, mainly negative, from mining operations. Due to incongruent stakeholder interests conflicts have erupted given the peculiar case of the extractive industries in Zimbabwe. Having realised the differences among stakeholder interests over minerals, in the extractive industry the study sought to answer this question: how is CCE understood by different stakeholders? And how is CCE measured by the same stakeholders?. The focus of the study is to evaluate the meaning of CCE from multiple stakeholders in the extractive industry in Zimbabwe; and to analyse how CCE is measured by identified stakeholders. In order to satisfy the stated objectives, the study employed mixed research method. This study revealed similarity in understanding of CCE and its usefulness amongst the different stakeholder groups. Of cognitive importance is the realisation by stakeholders on the need for proactive communities and corporate investment into community for effective partnerships. Collaboration, empowerment, inclusion, trust and organisation emerged to be the major facilitators for CCE. The study presents operative CCE according to the obligations and expectations of stakeholders. Having realised that mining industries are particularly susceptible to conflict between stakeholders, the study suggests proactive desire to mitigate these conflicts through CCE in the mining industry. In this respect, community development, peace and stability and strong economy are the major outcomes of effective CCE. The study recommends participation of resource owners in planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluation as well as dividends sharing of mining projects as advocated for by the CCE Model. It is also recommended that the adoption of the CCE Model will ensure a sustainable and harmonious coexistence between the predominantly capitalistic mining concerns and the resource owners and solve part of the current impasse to business and community development.
Business Management
D.B.L.
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Ralarala, Thembisile. "Community-driven initiatives to relieve poverty and inequality : case study of Lubisini, Elundini Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26376.
Full textAbstract:
The eradication of poverty and the reduction of inequality remains one of the biggest global challenges in the 21st Century. In the last two decades the democraticg overnment of South Africa still grapple with rising levels of poverty and inequality. The aim of this research was to facilitate a roots-driven community intervention that would allow the community members from the rural village of Lubisini (Eastern Cape, South Africa) to create opportunities that will help reduce their inherent levels of poverty and inequality.
In order to achieve this 132 community members were workshopped through a community asset mapping programme (CAMP) to identify their inherent human, social, environmental assets, they were then assisted to develop ideas for small businesses, their own measures of success in overcoming poverty and inequality and the improvement in their own quality of life. The CAMP process is documented, and the
intervention was followed by monitoring and evaluation of challenges and successes over an 18 month period. The research concluded with various recommendations that will enable rural communities to drive their own indicators of successful sustainable development.Geography
M. Sc. (Geography)
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Barnes, Justin Raymond. "Kwazulu Natal's institutional environment : its impact on development imperatives." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6783.
Full textAbstract:
The study of development in the 1960s and early 1970s was characterised by major struggles between competing ideological positions . Writings were dominated by attempts at getting the ideologies right , hence the proliferation ofNeo-Marxist and Neo-Classical discourses. The vociferous debates between development theorists such as Andre Gunder Frank (1966), Paul Baran (1962), W.W. Rostow (1963) and their followers) were indicative of this period. A fundamental shift occurred in the late 1970s, however, when the focus of development studies shifted to the more technical issue of how to get prices right. World Bank and International Monetary Fund intervention in state affairs were a characteristic of this fundamental shift, with the now notorious Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) of the 1980s being a direct result of this movement. The whole terrain of development studies has once again, however, undergone reconstruction, with the emergence of an entirely new strain of development-oriented thought in the 1990s. The key development problem being identified by social scientists at present is the institutional context in which development takes place. It has finally emerged that this issue surpasses those debates concerning ideology and monetary issues. Development protagonists now acknowledge that they can no longer look at development without considering the institutional environment in which it is to take place. Irrespective of ideology and price factors, then, it has finally been realised that development is highly contingent upon the establishment of a sound development-oriented institutional environment. Although the international development arena has experienced this fundamental shift, very little research has been done , thus far, on the dynamics of KwaZulu Natal 's institutional environment. As such very little is known about its efficacy in supporting or initiating development programmes in the province. If one considers the enormity of the development task in KwaZulu Natal this is an extremely unsatisfactory situation. KwaZulu Natal undoubtedly needs a sound institutional environment that supports development, thus making a study of how the province's institutional environment impacts on development imperatives an extremely important endeavour. It is hoped that this dissertation helps in some small way to fill the research void that is clearly apparent in KwaZulu Natal. It needs to be iterated right at the outset, however, that this dissertation is not meant to be an extensive, all encompassing critique of KwaZulu Natal's institutional environment. It is rather an exploration of those important issues pertaining to its institutional environment that impact so dramatically on development imperatives in the province.Thesis (M.Soc.Sci.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1995.
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Jerez, Joaquin Texeira. "Innovative business plan: dez melhores opiniões online review platform." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24211.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this master thesis - "Dez melhores opiniões" - is to develop an innovative business plan to study the viability and development of an online comparison platform in Portugal to enable consumers to inform themselves before buying a product. We want to establish a loyal community of participative users in order to create accurate, reliable and objective information, in an era where Internet is the main transmitter of fake and biased information.
The idea of this project comes from Joaquin Texeira and Arturo Carpio, colleagues from University Francisco de Vitoria in Madrid, where they studied the degree in Business Management together. Both aware of the digital environment, the motivation of the project arose from the concern of the ethical lack existent in the online surroundings and the mass media.
For this purpose, the project reviews, through the literature review, the academic concept deriving from online reviews and their influence: Electronic Word of Mouth - eWOM. Afterwards, the project focus on the study of the environment where the activity would be developed, with the evaluation of competitors, consumers, marketing mix strategies and different determinant factors of its viability. Once developed and presented the competitive advantage of the project, the conclusion is that the project is viable with a forecast of 4 years, where the investment of resources and capabilities in the company will allow it to define the second phase of the project.
The Technological, Human Resources, Fiscal and Juridical plans have been carried out to enable the company to compete and survive in the market. Finally, the Financial-Economical plan reflects the monetary flux and viability of the project in its first phase.O objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado - 'Dez melhores opiniões' - é desenvolver um plano de negócios inovador para estudar a viabilidade e desenvolvimento de uma plataforma de comparação online em Portugal que permita ao consumidor informar-se antes de adquirir um produto / serviço. Queremos estabelecer uma comunidade leal de usuários participativos, a fim de criar informações precisas, confiáveis e objetivas, numa era em que a Internet é o principal transmissor de informações falsas e tendenciosas. A ideia deste projeto vêm de Joaquin Texeira e Arturo Carpio, colegas da Universidade Francisco de Vitoria de Madrid, onde estudaram juntos a licenciatura em Gestão de Empresas. Ambos atentos ao ambiente digital, a motivação do projeto surgiu da preocupação com a falta de ética existente no meio online e nos mass media. Para isso, o projeto investiga, por meio da revisão da literatura, o conceito acadêmico decorrente das revisões online e sua influência: Electronic Word of Mouth - eWOM. Posteriormente, o projeto foca-se no estudo do ambiente onde a atividade seria desenvolvida, com a avaliação de concorrentes, consumidores, estratégias de mix de marketing e diferentes fatores determinantes de sua viabilidade. Uma vez desenvolvida e apresentada a vantagem competitiva do projeto, a conclusão é que o projeto é viável com uma previsão de 4 anos, onde o investimento de recursos e capacidades na empresa permitirá definir a segunda fase do projeto. Os planos Tecnológico, de Recursos Humanos, Fiscal e Jurídico foram executados de forma a permitir à empresa competir e sobreviver no mercado. Por fim, o plano económico-financeiro reflete o fluxo monetário e a viabilidade do projeto na sua primeira fase.
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Maitland, Irene D. M. (Irene Daphne Manda). "Strategies for the privatisation of black education with reference to teacher training." Diss., 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17297.
Full textAbstract:
The poor quality of state controlled black education in South Africa
in the past was mainly caused by low pupil per capita expenditure
and poor teaching. This resulted in many problems. Because of past
neglect, as well as the increase in number of children to be educated,
black education must be revitalised. Government funding is not
adequate, therefore, privatisation and semi-privatisation of education
is a recommended solution. Community and business involvement is
encouraged, and state control should be reduced. Short-term
strategies have been fairly successfully implemented.
With a view to proposing strategies for the upliftment of black
education, the upgrading of teachers through improved INSET and
PRESET Q!_Qfil_~mmes is considered a priority. Already implemented
models, such as Promat, TOPS and the Molteno Project should be
investigated. These programmes have been successful to varying
degrees.
Strategies have been proposed based on the above findings and
guidelines for further research suggested.Educational Studies
M. Ed. (Comparative Education)
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Kadozo, Nothando. "Sustainable livelihood approaches : the future for income generating projects in urban areas? : an evaluation of five income generating projects in Tembisa." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3248.
Full textAbstract:
The traditional theories of development concentrated on stimulating economic growth and ignored the social aspects involved. Despite the massive injection of donor funds, the situation of the poor deteriorated. The projects in Tembisa are an example of this, as the community was not involved in the assessing of needs or designing of interventions and were only the implementers. The evaluation offers an alternative developmental paradigm that has been used with success in other similar circumstances – the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA).
The SLA contends that urban communities should become planners, initiators and executors of local development in order for any transformation to occur. Urban communities have to change their behaviour and attitudes, be willing to accept change, and to take ownership of the projects. The facilitators, NGOs and government have to be willing to unlearn their traditional ways, listen, and accept that they are not the only experts in the field.Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)