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Mainzer, Klaus. "Challenges of Complexity in the 21st Century. An Interdisciplinary Introduction." European Review 17, no. 2 (May 2009): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709000714.
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The theory of nonlinear complex systems has become a proven problem-solving approach in the natural sciences from cosmic and quantum systems to cellular organisms and the brain. Even in modern engineering science self-organizing systems are developed to manage complex networks and processes. It is now recognized that many of our ecological, social, economic, and political problems are also of a global, complex, and nonlinear nature. Modern evolutionary economics can be modelled in the framework of complex systems and nonlinear dynamics. Historically, evolutionary economics was inspired by Schumpeterian concepts of business cycles and innovation dynamics. What are the laws of sociodynamics? What can we learn from nonlinear dynamics for complexity management in social, economic, financial and political systems? Is self-organization an acceptable strategy to handle the complexity in firms, institutions and organizations? The world-wide crisis of financial markets and economies is a challenge for complexity research. Misleading concepts of linear thinking and mild randomness (e.g. Gaussian distributions of Brownian motion) must be overcome by new approaches of nonlinear mathematics (e.g. non-Gaussian distribution), modelling the wild randomness of turbulence at the stock markets. Systemic crises need systemic answers. Nevertheless, human cognitive capabilities are often overwhelmed by the complexity of nonlinear systems they are forced to manage. Traditional mathematical decision theory assumed perfect rationality of economic agents (homo oeconomicus). Herbert Simon, Nobel Prize laureate of economics and one of the leading pioneers of systems science and cognitive science, introduced the principle of bounded rationality. Therefore, we need new insights into the factual microeconomic behaviour of economic agents by methods of humanities, cognitive and social sciences, which are sometimes called ‘experimental economics’. Social and economic dynamics are interdisciplinary challenges of modern complexity research.
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M. Randall, Robert. "Agile at IBM: software developers teach a new dance step to management." Strategy & Leadership 42, no. 2 (March 11, 2014): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sl-01-2014-0003.
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Purpose – Explains how companies that are seeking to implement rapid innovation can adopt the Agile software development approach. In Agile, self-organizing teams work in short cycles called “sprints” and develop the features to enable the product to continuously evolve in the light of the experience they gain and through customer feedback. Design/methodology/approach – For insight into how Agile is being implemented at a leading software services firm with clients in hundreds of industries, Strategy & Leadership asked Rob Purdie, Agile Practice Lead for the IBM Design Lab, how Agile software development methods were contributing to the success of IBM's key digital marketing initiatives. Findings – The traditional approach to software development is to define, design, develop and test everything – before delivering anything. With Agile, managers can reduce waste by prioritizing features based on relative business value, evaluating and re-designing as the project proceeds. Practical implications – Agile requires leaders and teams to work and learn through problems, designs and options in an open and transparent environment. It places new demands on technical leaders in terms of negotiation and planning skills. Originality/value – Managers outside the software industry should note that Agile/Scrum is likely to be increasingly essential to the future of product development and manufacturing. Nowadays many products for consumers and businesses include embedded software systems, so developing products in the future will require deeper collaboration across multiple engineering disciplines and marketing teams and familiarity with the Agile approach.
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Kiisler, Ain. "LOGISTICS IN ESTONIAN BUSINESS COMPANIES." TRANSPORT 23, no. 4 (December 31, 2008): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.356-362.
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The article describes logistics survey in Estonia carried out in 2007 as a part of the LogOnBaltic project. The level of logistics in Estonian manufacturing, trading and logistics companies is explored through logistics costs, performance indicators, outsourcing, ICT use and logistics self‐estimation of the companies responded. Responses from 186 Estonian companies were gathered through a web‐based survey (38% of manufacturing, 38% of trading and 24% of logistics sector). Logistics costs as the percentage of turnover make in average 13.8% in manufacturing and 13.3% in trading. Transportation and inventory carrying cost form around 70% of overall logistics costs. Considering the logistics indicators surveyed, Estonian companies show up with relatively low perfect order fulfillment rates, short customer order fulfillment cycles and effective management of cash flows. The most widely outsourced logistics function is international transportation followed by domestic transportation, freight forwarding and reverse logistics. By 2010, the outsourcing of IT systems in logistics followed by inventory management, warehousing and product customization is expected to increase more substantially. The awareness of logistics importance is still low among Estonian companies. Only 27–44% of those agree that logistics has a considerable impact on profitability, competitive advantage, top management or customer service level.
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Vargas-Santiago, Mariano, Luis Morales-Rosales, Raul Monroy, Saul Pomares-Hernandez, and Khalil Drira. "Autonomic Web Services Based on Different Adaptive Quasi-Asynchronous Checkpointing Techniques." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 5, 2020): 2495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072495.
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Companies, organizations and individuals use Web services to build complex business functionalities. Web services must operate properly in the unreliable Internet infrastructure even in the presence of failures. To increase system dependability, organizations, including service providers, adapt their systems to the autonomic computing paradigm. Strategies can vary from having one to all (S-CHOP, self-configuration, self-healing, self-optimization and self-protection) features. Regarding self-healing, an almost identical tool is communication-induced checkpointing (CiC), a checkpoint contains the state (heap, registers, stack, kernel state) for each process in the system. CiC is based on quasi-synchronous checkpointing where processes take checkpoints relying of control information piggybacked inside application messages; however, avoiding dangerous patterns such as Z-paths and Z-cycles; in such a regard the system takes forced checkpoints and avoids inconsistent states. CiC, unlike other tools, does not incur system performance, our proposal does not incur high overhead (as results show), and it has the advantage of being scalable. As we have shown in a previous work, CiC can be used to address dependability problems when dealing with Web services, as CiC mechanism work in a distributed and efficient manner. Therefore, in this work we propose an adaptable and dynamic generation of checkpoints to support fault tolerance. We present an alternative considering Quality of Service (QoS) criteria, and the different impact applications have on it. We propose taking checkpoints dynamically in case of failure or QoS degradation. Experimental results show that our approach has significantly reduced the generation of checkpoints of various well-known tools in the literature.
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van Olffen, Woody, and A. Georges L. Romme. "The Role of Hierarchy in Self-Organizing Systems." Human Systems Management 14, no. 3 (1995): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-1995-14303.
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Länsiluoto, Aapo, Tomas Eklund, Barbro Back, Hannu Vanharanta, and Ari Visa. "Industry‐specific cycles and companies' financial performance comparison using self‐organizing maps." Benchmarking: An International Journal 11, no. 3 (June 2004): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635770410538754.
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Arango, Santiago, Erik R. Larsen, and Ann van Ackere. "Self-organizing behavior in collective choice models: laboratory experiments." Management Decision 54, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 288–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-07-2014-0451.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider queuing systems where captive repeat customers select a service facility each period. Are people in such a distributed system, with limited information diffusion, able to approach optimal system performance? How are queues formed? How do people decide which queue to join based on past experience? The authors explore these questions, investigating the effect of information availability, as well as the effect of heterogeneous facility sizes, at the macro (system) and micro (individual performance) levels. Design/methodology/approach – Experimental economics, using a queuing experiment. Findings – The authors find little behavioural difference at the aggregate level, but observe significant variations at the individual level. This leads the authors to the conclusion that it is not sufficient to evaluate system performance by observing average customer allocation and sojourn times at the different facilities; one also needs to consider the individuals’ performance to understand how well the chosen design works. The authors also observe that better information diffusion does not necessarily improve system performance. Practical/implications – Evaluating system performance based on aggregate behaviour can be misleading; however, this is how many systems are evaluated in practice, when only aggregate performance measures are available. This can lead to suboptimal system designs. Originality/value – There has been little theoretical or empirical work on queuing systems with captive repeat customers. This study contributes to the understanding of decision making in such systems, using laboratory experiments based on the cellular automata approach, but with all agents replaced by humans.
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Basara, Heather G., and May Yuan. "Community health assessment using self-organizing maps and geographic information systems." International Journal of Health Geographics 7, no. 1 (2008): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-072x-7-67.
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Biggiero, Lucio. "Self-organizing processes in building entrepreneurial networks: a theoretical and empirical investigation." Human Systems Management 20, no. 3 (September 3, 2001): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-2001-20304.
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Self-organization is a property of social systems, and its recognition can give a remarkable contribution to the theory of entrepreneurship and to the analysis of inter-organizational networks. While literature on the classification of inter-firm networks and on their (dis)advantages is relatively abundant, there is much less on the processes of their formation and development. Since the convenience of building inter-firm networks is often uncertain and ambiguous, it involves social-psychological aspects and is based on personal relationships. This is particularly true in the case of small business networks, where the small firm size makes firm networks coincide with entrepreneurial networks. This characteristic can be extended to industrial districts, which are systems emerging from the interplay between small business networks. Industrial districts are weakly hierarchical organizations, which present the typical dual nature of social systems: the systemic nature, which is manifested more at the unity level, considering the district as a whole, and the subjective behavior of its members, which can play a crucial role either in triggering the district or in its evolutionary patterns. Such a double nature becomes a powerful engine of knowledge creation/transfer when organizations are recursive and self-organizing, and when the emerging values promote cooperation and trust. These co-evolutionary, recursive and self-organizing aspects have been synthesized in Nonaka's concept of ‘ba’. The cases discussed here deal with recursive processes in the formation of entrepreneurial networks in the biomedical district and in the formation of the district itself, which are seen as partially self-organizing processes. In the perspective considering knowledge as embodied in human beings and created by their social interactions, this paper concerns self-organizing and knowledge-creating processes at district and network levels.
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Szklarski, J. "Cellular automata model of self-organizing traffic control in urban networks." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-010-0041-3.
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Cellular automata model of self-organizing traffic control in urban networksA model of city traffic based on Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automaton (CA) model is presented. Traffic control is realized at intersections with two conflicting streams each (at any time at most one stream can have "green light" assigned to it). For simple and regular lattice-like networks which are considered, it is easy to find optimal switching periods giving maximum possible flow rates. These optimal strategies are compared with a self-controlling approach proposed by [1], which has not been implemented in a CA model until now. Previous work proved that generally this method gives superior results when compared to classical methods. In this paper we show that for deterministic scenario such control leads to self-organization, and that the solution always quickly converges to the optimal solution which is known in this case. Moreover, we consider also non-deterministic case, in the sense that possibility of turning with given probability is allowed. It is shown that the self-controlling strategy always gives better results than any solution based on fixed cycles with green waves.
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Piotto, Stefano, Lucia Sessa, Andrea Piotto, Anna Nardiello, and Simona Concilio. "Plausible Emergence of Autocatalytic Cycles under Prebiotic Conditions." Life 9, no. 2 (April 4, 2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life9020033.
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The emergence of life in a prebiotic world is an enormous scientific question of paramount philosophical importance. Even when life (in any sense we can define it) can be observed and replicated in the laboratory, it is only an indication of one possible pathway for life emergence, and is by no means be a demonstration of how life really emerged. The best we can hope for is to indicate plausible chemical–physical conditions and mechanisms that might lead to self-organizing and autopoietic systems. Here we present a stochastic simulation, based on chemical reactions already observed in prebiotic environments, that might help in the design of new experiments. We will show how the definition of simple rules for the synthesis of random peptides may lead to the appearance of networks of autocatalytic cycles and the emergence of memory.
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Cabana-Montenegro, Sonia, Silvia Barbosa, Pablo Taboada, Angel Concheiro, and Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo. "Syringeable Self-Organizing Gels that Trigger Gold Nanoparticle Formation for Localized Thermal Ablation." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11020052.
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Block copolymer dispersions that form gels at body temperature and that additionally are able to reduce a gold salt to nanoparticles (AuNPs) directly in the final formulation under mild conditions were designed as hybrid depots for photothermal therapy. The in situ gelling systems may retain AuNPs in the application zone for a long time so that localized elevations of temperature can be achieved each time the zone is irradiated. To carry out the work, dispersions were prepared covering a wide range of poloxamine Tetronic 1307:gold salt molar ratios in NaCl media (also varying from pure water to hypertonic solution). Even at copolymer concentrations well above the critical micelle concentration, the reducing power of the copolymer was maintained, and AuNPs were formed in few hours without extra additives. Varying the copolymer and NaCl concentrations allowed a fine tuning of nanoparticles’ shape from spherical to triangular nanoplates, which determined that the surface plasmon resonance showed a maximum intensity at 540 nm or at 1000 nm, respectively. The information gathered on the effects of (i) the poloxamine concentration on AuNPs’ size and shape under isotonic conditions, (ii) the AuNPs on the temperature-induced gelling transition, and (iii) the gel properties on the photothermal responsiveness of the AuNPs during successive irradiation cycles may help the rational design of one-pot gels with built-in temperature and light responsiveness.
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Zavgorodniy, Konstantin, Vladimir Tkachenko, and Sergey Voit. "INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF COMPLEX SELF-GOVERNING SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS." ScienceRise 2 (April 30, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2020.001282.
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The object of research is complex self-regulatory socio-economic systems (such as: enterprise, company, corporation, civil society). Investigated problem: the problem to be solved consists in substantiating conceptual approaches in the principles of organizing complex self-governing socio-economic systems and substantiating the concepts of their management system. The main scientific results of the research are the conceptual substantiation of the approaches of both organizing complex self-governing socio-economic systems depending on the objective function of the main activity, and designing management systems to achieve the objective function in market conditions, through the use of existing production and intellectual potentials of the system. It is shown that in modern conditions of activity, and in the near future, it is forecasting the functional approaches of complex self-governing socio-economic systems based on the use of organizational and production potential and the intellectual potential of workers. At the same time, their organizational structures and operational management systems will be designed, for the most part, taking into account activities in market relations. The basis of such approaches is the level of organizational and technological production processes that can in a certain way contribute to the achievement of goals and the intelligence of the staff. The scope of research results can be the design processes of civil societies, corporations by type of activity, enterprises as complex self-governing socio-economic systems. An innovative technological product is the conceptual approaches of designing economically oriented elements in complex self-governing socio-economic systems. The scope of the innovative technological product is any industry, line of business.
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Truong, Thanh Trung. "Intelligent CRM systems of transport companies." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 26 (February 21, 2020): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.47.
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High technological efficiency and the use of intelligent systems are the main internal factors in the evolution of the transport company. Transportation companies are introducing digital infrastructure, trying to achieve practical results by focusing on customer demand, such as actively using Customer Relationship Management and holding on to the customer, increasing their loyalty. But there are problems in activating such systems because of their heterogeneity and non-systemic approach to their use. A system analysis is needed, which is the main purpose of this article. This problem is discussed in this article for highly competitive transport (logistics) business. The capabilities and impact of the transport company 's customer relationship management systems in the cloud are analyzed. The method of organization and regulation of business processes oriented to relations with clients, creation and development of cloud business infrastructure is proposed. The evolutionary cycle of the transport system in cloud infrastructure is described. A comprehensive multiplicative transportation efficiency model similar to the Allen model has been built and described how to use it to evaluate system self-regulation. The results of the work can become a methodological basis for solving practical problems of business processes of transport systems and their transfer to cloud infrastructure.
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Jafari-Marandi, Ruholla, Mojtaba Khanzadeh, Brian K. Smith, and Linkan Bian. "Self-Organizing and Error Driven (SOED) artificial neural network for smarter classifications." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 4, no. 4 (April 19, 2017): 282–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2017.04.003.
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Abstract Classification tasks are an integral part of science, industry, business, and health care systems; being such a pervasive technique, its smallest improvement is valuable. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is one of the strongest techniques used in many disciplines for classification. The ANN technique suffers from drawbacks such as intransparency in spite of its high prediction power. In this paper, motivated by learning styles in human brains, ANN's shortcomings are assuaged and its prediction power is improved. Self-Organizing Map (SOM), an ANN variation which has strong unsupervised power, and Feedforward ANN, traditionally used for classification tasks, are hybridized to solidify their benefits and help remove their limitations. The proposed method, which we name Self-Organizing Error-Driven (SOED) Artificial Neural Network, shows significant improvements in comparison with usual ANNs. We show SOED is a more accurate, more reliable, and more transparent technique through experimentation with five different datasets. Highlights A synthesis of MLP and SOM is presented for tackling classification challenges. The superiority of SOED over MLP in addressing 5 classification tasks is presented. SOED is compared with other states of the art techniques such as DT, KNN, and SVM. It is shown that SOED is a more accurate and reliable in comparison with MLP. It is shown SOED is more accurate, reliable and transparent in comparison with MLP.
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Lorincz, Josip, Ivica Cubic, and Toncica Matijevic. "Adaptive and Resilient Solutions for Energy Savings of Mobile Access Networks." International Journal of Adaptive, Resilient and Autonomic Systems 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaras.2014070105.
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Continuous development and evolution of mobile communications toward end user expectations has led to heterogeneous mobile networks in the most general sense of the word. The mixture of core network infrastructures and radio access technologies, due to the arrival of new technologies while older ones are still used and not fully exploited, brings mobile operators to a complex business environment. Such a situation threatens future profit margins since the cost of running mobile networks rises with greater pace than total profit. A significant share in the total costs of running a mobile network belongs to energy consumption. Decreasing energy costs by designing hardware with low-energy consumption characteristics and site collocation is already under way, but additional sparing could be achieved through soft solutions or adaptive networks. To reduce operational costs, the crucial role will be played by the self-organizing network paradigm, featured by network management systems and operations/business support systems. In this paper, the authors provide an overview of adaptive and resilient concepts appropriate for improving the energy efficiency of mobile access networks. More precisely, they present the most promising self-organizing network solutions in the radio access and backhaul part of mobile networks, the implementation of which can bring a synergetic effect in terms of significant energy savings.
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Thow Yick, Liang. "Nurturing intelligent human systems: the nonlinear perspective of the human minds*." Human Systems Management 20, no. 4 (October 14, 2001): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-2001-20401.
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Organizing around intrinsic intelligence is a new paradigm that all human organizations must adopt if they wish to evolve successfully in the emerging intelligence revolution. This fresh mindset perceives human systems as intelligent corporate beings possessing an orgmind and a collective intelligence of their own. Intelligence is the entity that drives the universe and its microcosms. Some attributes associated with human intelligence are mindfulness, information processing, knowledge structuring, and nonlinearity. Nonlinearity, in particular, is manifested because the inherent sources of intelligence, the human minds, are complex adaptive systems where order and disorder co-exist. Human organizations that are intelligent are able to tap on and exploit these characteristics collectively and effectively. Consequently, these organizations are able to learn, adapt, self-organize and co-evolve quickly with their environment as biological beings. Their intelligent structure is also better at exploiting the innovative and creative energy embedded at the edge of chaos.
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Hadjinicola, George C., Christakis Charalambous, and Eitan Muller. "Product Positioning Using a Self-Organizing Map and the Rings of Influence." Decision Sciences 44, no. 3 (June 2013): 431–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/deci.12020.
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Popova, Elena, Vladimir Bazelyuk, Nadezhda Demina, Alexander Demin, and Tatiana Letaeva. "Management principles and their application as a strategic guideline for sustainable business development." E3S Web of Conferences 208 (2020): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020803035.
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The fundamental principles of management, as well as the practice of their application in industrial production sphere are described in the article in detail. The author gives an idea of the managerial principles evolution in an enterprise-type organization (both in our country and abroad). Special attention is paid to the managerial culture formation theory and its influence on the entrepreneurial and strategic management combination . The main idea of the presented work is an evolutionary approach to effective management principles classification in relation to business activities carried out within self-organizing micro-level systems. Their developmental gene, as shown in the work, is the management culture, its formation is the subject of this study. The study research area is management science issues and its cognition methods development: developmental factors and managerial principles of an enterprise-type organization.
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LAVRICHENKO, OLEG VYACHESLAVOVICH. "Decision-Making Intellectual Support in the Theory of the Active Connect." Modern Applied Science 9, no. 13 (November 30, 2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n13p60.
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<p>Effective control of innovative resources at the enterprise requires new and creative interaction mechanisms (active connect) between decision-makers, and enterprise-wide information systems. The essence of innovation self-organizing business forming technologies is revealed for the first time in the research work, which reveals the authoring theory of active connect basics. The article proves the maximum value of Choquet integral application demand by the decision-making process modeling for the disparity elimination in innovative resources distribution. The method proposed by the author has been tested at the enterprises of the Moscow Industrial Concern "Agat".</p>
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Kitajima, Ryozo, and Ryotaro Kamimura. "Accumulative Information Enhancement In The Self-Organizing Maps And Its Application To The Analysis Of Mission Statements." Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaiscr-2015-0026.
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AbstractThis paper proposes a new information-theoretic method based on the information enhancement method to extract important input variables. The information enhancement method was developed to detect important components in neural systems. Previous methods have focused on the detection of only the most important components, and therefore have failed to fully incorporated the information contained in the components into learning processes. In addition, it has been observed that the information enhancement method cannot always extract input information from input patterns. Thus, in this paper a computational method is developed to accumulate information content in the process of information enhancement. The method was applied to an artificial data set and the analysis of mission statements. The results demonstrate that while we were able to explicitly extract the symmetric properties of the data from the artificial data set, only one main factor was able to be extracted from the mission statement, namely, “contribution to the society”. The companies with higher profits tend to have mission statements concerning the society. The results can be considered to be a first step toward the full clarification of the importance of mission statements in actual business activities.
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Yan, Jianghui, Jinping Liu, and Fang-Mei Tseng. "An evaluation system based on the self-organizing system framework of smart cities: A case study of smart transportation systems in China." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 153 (April 2020): 119371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.009.
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Ozanne, Lucie K., and Julie L. Ozanne. "Disaster Recovery: How Ad Hoc Marketing Systems Build and Mobilize Social Capital for Service Delivery." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 40, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 372–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07439156211000355.
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Communities are increasingly confronted with disasters that bring acute and chronic challenges. Previous research highlights the importance of ad hoc marketing exchange systems for expanding community resource capacities following a disaster. The current study builds on this research, taking a granular look at an existing ad hoc marketing system that provided exchange services before a disaster. Prior to an earthquake, this ad hoc system built three forms of social capital—structural, cognitive, and relational—and expanded latent capacities for self-organizing and learning. Following a natural disaster, the ad hoc marketing system flexed to meet individual and community needs. Specifically, three types of learning—routine, extended routine, and improvisational—emerged, mobilizing existing social capital to deliver recovery services and goods. This study highlights the delivery of recovery goods and services as an ad hoc marketing system evolved to become a learning system during the months and years of recovery. Implications are explored for citizens, municipalities, policy makers, and businesses by highlighting the importance of building and practicing diverse forms of social capital before a disturbance so that capacities can be mobilized during recovery.
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Douglas, Anneli. "Mobile business travel application usage." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology 10, no. 3 (September 17, 2019): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhtt-01-2018-0002.
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Purpose Research abounds highlighting the differences between males and females when they travel. Even in business travel, these differences have been acknowledged, with suppliers and marketers spending significant money to develop and market products to accommodate them. The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether differences exist in terms of mobile application usage between male and female business travellers. Design/methodology/approach A mixed method approach is followed. An internet-based survey is distributed and in-depth interviews conducted with South African business travellers. The Mann–Whitney U-test is used to test the differences between males and females and their mobile application usage. Content analysis is used to analyse the interviews. Findings The results show that mobile applications are perceived as more important by females than males in all the phases of the travel cycle, although most of these differences in perceived importance were not significant. Research limitations/implications Owing to the online data-collection method and the self-selective process, the findings cannot be generalised to the global population of business travellers who use mobile applications. Practical implications The results should caution corporate organisations, travel management companies and their application developers not to spend unnecessary technological and financial resources on developing applications to accommodate differences between males and females, which might not exist. Companies should rather spend money on developing applications that will enhance and add convenience to the business traveller’s experience. Originality/value The main contribution of this study lies in investigating the applications market, particularly in the context of business travel. Applications focussed on specific sectors of the tourism industry, such as business travel applications, serve business travellers differently from generic travel applications. This research examines business travel-specific applications and expands the scale and scope of the enquiry, concentrating on the travellers’ view.
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T, Dhanya. "An Impact of ZigBee Technology in Data Communication System." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i1.pp64-67.
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ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 standard for information interchanges with business and purchaser gadgets. It is composed around low-control utilization permitting batteries to keep going forever. The ZigBee standard gives system, security, and application bolster administrations working on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) remote standard. It utilizes a suite of innovations to empower adaptable, self-arranging, self-mending systems that can oversee different information movement designs. ZigBee is an ease, low-control, remote lattice organizing standard. The ease permits the innovation to be broadly sent in remote control and observing applications, the low power-use permits longer an existence with little batteries, and the cross-section systems administration gives high dependability and bigger range.ZigBee has been created to take care of the developing demand for able remote systems administration between various low power. In industry ZigBee is being utilized for cutting-edge robotized assembling, with little transmitters in each gadget on the floor, taking into consideration correspondence between devices to a focal PC. This new level of communication allows finely-tuned remote observing and control.
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Alekseev, M. A., E. V. Freydina, S. V. Petukhova, and A. A. Tropin. "«COMPLЕXITY» AND «PERPLEXITY» – CATEGORIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS." Vestnik NSUEM, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 48–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2021-1-048-066.
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Addressing the issue of «complexity» and «perplexity» categories is caused by the evolution of system types ranging from well-organized to self-organizing, expanding the horizons of scientific rationality. Development of governance systems is revealed through the dichotomy of properties and restrictions within the «organizational set-up» and «external influence» notions. It was shown that the governance system falls into the category of complexity because the system is operating on the edge of «order and chaos». External environment is presented as chaos analogue showing uncertainty and changes of various fluctuation category, up to turbulence. The incorporation of social and economic system into external environment was considered from the perspective of formation of «system convergence» of two open systems, contributing to growth of the degree of complexity of governance system. It was emphasized that business development forces perplexity governance systems to switch to robust control; the mechanism of robust control is organized under the influence of the laws of evolution and survivability of biosystems. The following methods were marked out and justified: selection of parameters for system convergence of governance system with external environment entities, determination of limits of information granules of adaptive and robust homeostasis, scenario planning, construction of convergent strategy and temporal attractor of system equilibrium state, known as «floating equilibrium». These methods are to be mastered by the governance system within robust control.
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Kostyunina, Tatyana. "Classification of operational risks in construction companies on the basis of big data." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 05072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819305072.
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Nowadays, Big Data is commonly used in many business sectors. Its use is also relevant for the construction industry. One of the most promising areas of Big Data technologies application is their use for risk analysis and assessment. Big Data represents an efficient way to manage modern risks by analyzing the unlimited amount of structured and unstructured information. The study examines principles of operational risks classification in construction companies on the basis of Big Data technologies. The final goal of such classification is the creation of a solution pattern for subsequent use of Big Data. As an example, a solution pattern for such business problem as "Construction: Detection of Insurance Fraud" is created. Application of the Big Data analytics for fraud detection has a series of advantages as compared to traditional approaches. Insurance companies can build systems that include all relevant data sources. An analysis of operational risks by means of self-organizing Kohonen maps on the basis of the Deductor analytical platform is performed.
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Salva-Garcia, Pablo, Jose M. Alcaraz-Calero, Qi Wang, Jorge Bernal Bernabe, and Antonio Skarmeta. "5G NB-IoT: Efficient Network Traffic Filtering for Multitenant IoT Cellular Networks." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (December 10, 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9291506.
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Internet of Things (IoT) is a key business driver for the upcoming fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks, which in turn will enable numerous innovative IoT applications such as smart city, mobile health, and other massive IoT use cases being defined in 5G standards. To truly unlock the hidden value of such mission-critical IoT applications in a large scale in the 5G era, advanced self-protection capabilities are entailed in 5G-based Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) networks to efficiently fight off cyber-attacks such as widespread Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. However, insufficient research has been conducted in this crucial area, in particular, few if any solutions are capable of dealing with the multiple encapsulated 5G traffic for IoT security management. This paper proposes and prototypes a new security framework to achieve the highly desirable self-organizing networking capabilities to secure virtualized, multitenant 5G-based IoT traffic through an autonomic control loop featured with efficient 5G-aware traffic filtering. Empirical results have validated the design and implementation and demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed system, which is capable of processing thousands of 5G-aware traffic filtering rules and thus enables timely protection against large-scale attacks.
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Peters, Everson James. "Financing Domestic Rainwater Harvesting in the Caribbean." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 5 (September 29, 2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n5p107.
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Domestic rainwater harvesting (DRWH), an old technology, is playing a key role in meeting some objectives of the UN “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” and building resilience to climate change, particularly in the Caribbean. DRWH projects can be implemented through self-financing, government subsidies, and micro-financing or by external agencies. Most recent promotion initiatives of DRWH have emphasized funding by external agencies, often ignoring the potential financial contributions of beneficiaries. Regional experiences have shown that, generally, the high initial capital costs for DRWH systems is a major constraint. However, in some cases, success in DRWH is possible through self-financing. This study reviews the experiences of some DRWH projects or by external agencies to determine a suitable financing mechanism. This paper shows that households can self-finance DRWH systems if payments are based on 5% of household income and interest rates are less than 5%, It concludes that the product/business cycle pattern of development adequately describes the development of DRWH in some parts of the Caribbean. It is recommended that such a model should be considered in designing DRWH projects through strategic partnerships of the beneficiaries with between local and international NGOs, community based organisations and domestic financial institutions like credit unions.
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Larionov, Valery Glebovich, Elena N. Sheremetyeva, and Larisa A. Gorshkova. "Innovative ecosystems in digital economy." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2021, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2020-1-49-56.
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The article examines the formation and management of innovative ecosystems in the digital economy. Approaches to determining and content of the term “innovation ecosystem” are analyzed, the specifics and conditions of management of innovative ecosystems are investigated. There has been analyzed the concept of ecosystem as a complex self-organizing, self-regulating, self-sufficient system. There have been considered the research works devoted to innovative systems. The innovation ecosystems are viewed by scientists as the effective cooperation mechanisms aimed at combining individual proposals from different firms into a single customer-oriented proposal. In terms of a systematic approach the innovation ecosystem is defined as a living social organism, which is continuously changing under the influence of agents' behavior and the business units of the ecosystem. One of the key conditions for effective functioning of the innovation ecosystem is the use of innovation management methods. The choice or combination of ways to interact to manage an ecosystem depends on three things: the ecosystem strategy, the market environment, and the general risk appetite of agents and business units. An important aspect of ecosystem management is training of qualified personnel with a completely new type of thinking. Ecosystem manageability is found to dependent on the ability of professionals to adapt to the rapidly changing economic conditions and to continuously improve their skills. It has been inferred that the innovation ecosystem is a complex production and commercial structure, the functioning of which is associated with the unification of various kinds of business units, educational and scientific organizations to develop innovative products and services using advanced technologies, including digital ones.
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Gorbunov, Vladimir. "Analysis of small and medium business: Constructing production functions with estimating effective funds." Economics and the Mathematical Methods 57, no. 3 (2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s042473880016418-8.
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Independent self-organizing small and medium-sized entrepreneurship (SMB) is usually considered to be the most important sector of the modern economy, evolving in according to market conditions and stimulating the economy to progress. But in recent years, works have appeared that criticize the defining of this economy sector as the “locomotive” of the entire market economy. Arguments for different points of view are often based on verbal judgment and comparisons between countries, despite significant differences in the definition of small (SB) and medium (MB) businesses across countries. In this paper, for comparative analysis of industrial segments of the sectors of SB, MB, and large enterprises (LE), we suggest the method for assessing the “effective funds” (EF) of production systems and constructing their production functions (PF). The concept EF is understood as part of the book-value of production funds that actually participate in the output. This indicator is not directly measurable, but it can be estimated based on data of production investment, the number of employees and the total output of enterprises of the studied system when constructing “capital” PF. The initial version of the method was proposed by us in 2012, and here a next modification is given, taking into account the specifics of the SMB reflection by Rosstat. The method is demonstrated on statistical data for the industrial segments of the SB, MB and LE sectors of the Russian economy.
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Gorodetsky, V. I., V. B. Laryukhin, and P. O. Skobelev. "Conceptual Model of a Digital Platform for Cyber-Physical Management of a Modern Enterprises Part 1. Digital Platform and Digital Ecosystem." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 6 (June 6, 2019): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.323-332.
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The paper proposes conceptual model of a digital platform for cyber-physical management of modern enterprises in the upcoming era of Industry 5.0. Unlike Industry 4.0, which focuses on automation of physical processes, Industry 5.0 is oriented on digitization of knowledge and automation of reasoning processes for creating artificial intelligence that is able to manage enterprises. This still emerging era will be characterized by the vision of any business, including industrial production or logistics, as a complex adaptive system built on fundamental principles of self-organization and evolution, as well as interaction of artificial intelligence systems and humans. The paper shows that implementation of such production and logistics management systems will require development of new models and decision-making methods based on knowledge and semantic information processing, integration of computational and communication components, accumulation of big data and its processing for predictive analytics, blockchain technologies for fixing mutual obligations of systems components in the for m of smar t contracts, as well as human-machine and software inter faces. Existing approaches to creation of digital platforms within the digital economy of Industry 4.0 and their limitations are analyzed. The concept of digital ecosystem is developed as an open, distributed, self-organized "system of systems" of smart services capable of coming up with solutions and automatically resolving conflicts through negotiations and concessions. The concept of the digital platform within Industry 5.0 is described, which will be able to support functioning of the digital ecosystem of "smart services" of cyberphysical management of both individual objects and enterprises of humans and robots, and in the future, industries of such enterprises — implemented using self-organizing autonomous agents at all levels.
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Roblek, Vasja, Maja Mesko, Vlado Dimovski, and Judita Peterlin. "Smart technologies as social innovation and complex social issues of the Z generation." Kybernetes 48, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-09-2017-0356.
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PurposeThis paper aims to present how contemporary students are self-organizing using smart technologies (ST) and the future social implications of ST. The research model is based on the concepts of the soft system methodology, social systems thinking, innovative smart systems, and cybernetic and knowledge management.Design/methodology/approachThe study contains elements of exploratory and descriptive case studies. Narrative analysis and interpretation of the collected data have been carried out.FindingsStudents mostly use ST to save time when studying and in their free time. Students are surprised by how ST developed and are cautious when imagining how the technology will change and affect their lives. They are concerned regarding several ethical dilemmas of using it, such as privacy and spending time with their loved ones and friends. Students perceive their self-organization in the future as very dependent on the availability of ST in institutional settings (e.g. education and business process) as well as their personal lives. Students discuss their present perceptions about what the future will be and note that social system will be more dynamic in terms of socialization, and loss of personal contact with their friends and family is seen as the main threat.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is qualitative, and the questionnaire was carried out among business students at the Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.Practical implicationsThe paper offers an understanding of the usage of ST among business students. This study provides a road map of a few possible ways for usage of ST among students. The topic is also relevant for human resource managers, technology developers and marketing strategists for their better understanding of the behaviour of young people using ST in professional or private environments.Social implicationsThe findings can be useful for professors in identifying different learning methods that are useful for their students.Originality/valueThe authors offer conceptualizations of ST within the social innovation framework and provide a contemporary understanding young people’s ST usage.
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Gorodetsky, V. I., V. B. Laryukhin, and P. O. Skobelev. "Conceptual Model of a Digital Platform for Cyber-Physical Management of a Modern Enterprises. Part 2. Digital Services." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.387-397.
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The paper proposes conceptual model of a digital platform for cyber-physical management of manufacturing enterprises in the upcoming era of Industry 5.0, characterized by the vision of any business, including industrial production or logistics, as a complex adaptive system built on fundamental principles of self-organization and evolution, as well as interaction of artificial intelligence systems and people. The first part discusses principles of building a digital platform that can support operation of an enterprise within Industry 5.0 as a digital ecosystem of smart services. This part of the paper proposes typing of vasic platform services, lists the minimum set of services of each type, and gives description of their functionality. It also substantiates the leading role of multi-agent systems as a basic software architecture and technology for developing applications of the digital eco-systems. The paper provides examples of digital platforms and ecosystems of smart services for management of cargo transportation of the Russian Railways on the principles of "uberisation", life cycle of complex technical products, as well as enterprises of the plant-growing industry. It is shown that results are applicable to modern industrial corporations and enterprises in industry and agriculture, logistics, design, consulting and service.
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Dobronravova, Iryna. "Post non-classical Synthesis of Knowledge." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 25, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2019-25-2-8.
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Academician V. S. Stepin, considering the objects of classical and non-classical types of rationality like aspects or fragments of self-developing systems as the object of post non-classical type of rationality, provided a methodological foundation for formulating a post non-classical synthesis of foregoing knowledge on the basis of new theoretizations of post non-classical sciences. The present article provides examples of such synthesis in Quantum Physics of the Alive as a phenomenon of post non-classical science,
Physics of the Alive demonstrated, how the self-organization of a live organism's own coherent electromagnetic field entails the dynamic stability of the organism as a macroscopic quantum object. As a result of such macroscopic nature, the spreading of electromagnetic waves of millimeter range in organism and their reflection from bones and nails as well as the interference of direct and reflective waves, creating papillary patterns, proceeds entirely according to the laws of classic electrodynamics. Moreover, the space projection of limit cycles of this coherent field can be naturally associated with channels of Chinese acupuncture. Quantum Medicine, which is based on Physics of the Alive, successfully uses the experience of the ancient culture. Thus postnonclsssical science realizes the synthesis of knowledge of different realms and kinds.
Besides of this example of postnonclassical synthesis of knowledge, author shows, how non-linear theories, describing variants of non-linear dynamics of complex system, consider the choice by chance for certain variant as real necessity of historic development of our world. However, no common recipe of the synthesis apparently exists. One can only speak about creation of specific post non-classical theories of specific becoming and existence of self-organizing systems. It is important that the task of creating such synthesis can be correctly formulated now by utilizing the theoretical framework of Prof. V. S. Stepin. Post non-classical synthesis of knowledge provides the unity of science and demonstrates the unity of our world.
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Wang, Yanyan, and Jin Zhang. "Exploring topics related to data mining on Wikipedia." Electronic Library 35, no. 4 (August 7, 2017): 667–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-09-2016-0188.
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Purpose Data mining has been a popular research area in the past decades. Many researchers study data-mining theories, methods, applications and trends; however, there are very few studies on data-mining-related topics in social media. This paper aims to explore the topics related to data mining based on the data collected from Wikipedia. Design/methodology/approach In total, 402 data-mining-related articles were obtained from Wikipedia. These articles were manually classified into several categories by the coding method. Each category formed an article-term matrix. These matrices were analysed and visualized by the self-organizing map approach. Several clusters were observed in each category. Finally, the topics of these clusters were extracted by content analysis. Findings The articles obtained were classified into six categories: applications, foundation and concepts, methodologies, organizations, related fields and topics and technology support. Business, biology and security were the three prominent topics of the applications category. The technologies supporting data mining were software, systems, databases, programming languages and so forth. The general public was more interested in data-mining organizations than the researchers. They also focused on the applications of data mining in business more than in other fields. Originality/value This study will help researchers gain insight into the general public’s perceptions of data mining and discover the gap between the general public and themselves. It will assist researchers in finding new techniques and methods which will potentially provide them with new data-mining methods and research topics.
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Pransky, Joanne. "The Pransky interview: Mel Torrie, Founder, CEO and President of Autonomous Solutions, Inc." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 45, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-11-2017-0199.
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Purpose The following paper is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned successful innovator and leader, regarding the challenges of bringing technological discoveries to fruition. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The interviewee is Mel Torrie, CEO and President of Autonomous Solutions, Inc. (ASI). ASI manufactures an OEM/vendor independent software and hardware solution retrofitted to existing equipment to create a wide variety of fully autonomous vehicles spanning agriculture, mining, automotive, industrial cleaning, security and government/military applications. In this interview, Torrie shares how he first got started in the robotics field along with his experiences in running his ground-breaking startup. Findings In 1999, Torrie received a Master’s Degree in Electrical Engineering at Utah State University (USU) where he worked on two National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space shuttle payloads. After his work at USU, he managed robotics development programs for John Deere, the US Department of Defense and the US Department of Energy. He founded ASI, a spin-off of the Center of Self Organizing and Intelligent Systems (CSOIS) at USU, in 2000. Originality/value Torrie was a pioneer and visionary who bootstrapped ASI from the beginning. Under Torrie’s leadership, ASI raised over $85m in a unique business model where there is no equity but only strategic partners. These foremost companies are given exclusive rights to their vertical market and jointly own their industry’s driverless vehicle’s intellectual property (IP) with ASI. The vehicles are developed and tested at ASI’s 100-acre proving ground facility in Utah. To date, ASI’s more than 100 employees and their business partners have automated 75 different vehicle types and ASI continues to create new markets. Some of ASI’s notable installations include the Bingham Canyon Mine clean-up effort; BatCat, the teleoperated CAT telehandler for the Los Angeles Police Department; and the robotic durability testing program with Ford Motors, Toyota, Fiat Chrysler Automotive, Hyundai, General Motors as well as other private proving grounds.
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Nikulin, L. F., V. V. Velikorossov, S. A. Filin, and A. B. Lanchakov. "Artificial intelligence and the management transformation." National Interests: Priorities and Security 16, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 600–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.16.4.600.
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Subject. The article discusses how management transforms as artificial intelligence gets more important in governance, production and social life. Objectives. We identify and substantiate trends in management transformation as artificial intelligence evolves and gets more important in governance, production and social life. The article also provides our suggestions for management and training of managers dealing with artificial intelligence. Methods. The study employs methods of logic research, analysis and synthesis through the systems and creative approach, methodology of technological waves. Results. We analyzed the scope of management as is and found that threats and global challenges escalate due to the advent of artificial intelligence. We provide the rationale for recognizing the strategic culture as the self-organizing system of business process integration. We suggest and substantiate the concept of soft power with reference to strategic culture, which should be raised, inter alia, through the scientific school of conflict studies. We give our recommendations on how management and training of managers should be improved in dealing with artificial intelligence as it evolves. The novelty hereof is that we trace trends in management transformation as the role of artificial intelligence evolves and growth in governance, production and social life. Conclusions and Relevance. Generic solutions are not very effective for the Russian management practice during the transition to the sixth and seventh waves of innovation. Any programming product represents artificial intelligence, which simulates a personality very well, though unable to substitute a manager in motivating, governing and interacting with people.
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Nikulin, L. F., V. V. Velikorossov, S. A. Filin, and A. B. Lanchakov. "Artificial intelligence and transformation of management." Digest Finance 25, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/df.25.2.192.
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Subject. The article discusses how management transforms as artificial intelligence gets more important in governance, production and social life. Objectives. We identify and substantiate trends in management transformation as artificial intelligence evolves and gets more important in governance, production and social life. The article also provides our suggestions for management and training of managers dealing with artificial intelligence. Methods. The study employs methods of logic research, analysis and synthesis through the systems and creative approach, methodology of technological waves. Results. We analyzed the scope of management as is and found that threats and global challenges escalate due to the advent of artificial intelligence. We provide the rationale for recognizing the strategic culture as the self-organizing system of business process integration. We suggest and substantiate the concept of soft power with reference to strategic culture, which should be raised, inter alia, through the scientific school of conflict studies. We give our recommendations on how management and training of managers should be improved in dealing with artificial intelligence as it evolves. The novelty hereof is that we trace trends in management transformation as the role of artificial intelligence evolves and growth in governance, production and social life. Conclusions and Relevance. Generic solutions are not very effective for the Russian management practice during the transition to the sixth and seventh waves of innovation. Any programming product represents artificial intelligence, which simulates a personality very well, though unable to substitute a manager in motivating, governing and interacting with people.
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Hysmith, Dara. "Leading into strategic growth: building capability at Global Suppliers." Journal of Management Development 36, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-09-2016-0167.
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Purpose The Global Suppliers leadership capability model (GSLCM) answers essential questions emerging from a strategy development framework in which leaders uncover their assumptions, test those assumptions in the marketplace, and learn from failure and success in an iterative cycle. The purpose of this paper is to explore Global Suppliers’s approach to implementing the GSLCM and examine how its leaders have adopted and applied the model. Design/methodology/approach The primary method of data collection in this single, descriptive case research design was interviews with leaders across Global Suppliers. Findings Results revealed adoption occurred through extensive sensemaking and several methods of knowledge transfer, including storytelling and teaching assignments. Manner of application varied under three themes: development of the self and others, performance management, and creating new paths. Three recommendations to promote further adoption and application emerged: align rewards and recognition, share stories across the enterprise, and embed processes and systems. Research limitations/implications This study was broadly intended to discern the processes and activities occurring as leaders became exposed to, explored, and integrated the GSLCM, data that was of immediate, practical significance to Global Suppliers in fueling its strategic reorientation. With this focus, treatment of the literature and extant theory was abbreviated. Further, as a single case study research design, generalizability was restricted. Originality/value Results provide a compelling, intimate portrait of a worldwide organizational effort to synergize leadership and strategic growth capabilities using a chiefly emergent approach. This illustration thus makes a unique contribution to the leadership development, organization development, and change management literature streams.
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Dzvinchuk, Dmytro, Mariana Orliv, Brigita Janiunaite, and Victor Petrenko. "Creating innovative design labs for the public sector: A case for institutional capacity building in the regions of Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 320–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.26.
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Innovative design labs were created by public authorities of the USA, Australia, Singapore, Finland, Canada, the UK, Switzerland, Denmark, China, and other countries to accelerate changes and develop modern public service. This paper provides further insight to establishing external innovation accelerators for strengthening capacity of public institutions. The study aims to define the development opportunities for innovative design labs for the public sector in Ukraine’s regions by the case of the Laboratory of Intellectual Development for Empowering Regions (LIDER). The study was conducted at two stages: (1) exploring the features of innovation implementation in the public sector and outlining the main problems of innovation capacity of public institutions; (2) defining the development opportunities for the LIDER via SWOT-analysis. To substantiate the study results, the correlation analysis between autocratic, bureaucratic, competitive, self-protective, and participative leadership behaviors of CEOs and innovation index based on data from 18 countries was performed, as well as a survey of 195 public servants of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and an interview of 9 experts were conducted. The following key development opportunities for the LIDER were detected: promoting the introduction of incremental innovations in public institutions by using design thinking methodology; assisting the development of pro-innovative culture and participative leadership via individual-centric and system-oriented approaches; developing effective tools for performance management and supporting public institutions in project activity; organizing the competitions for regional innovative projects; assisting in creation of radically human systems in public institutions. AcknowledgmentThe paper was prepared within the framework of the joint Ukrainian-Lithuanian R&amp;D project “Competence Development of Lithuanian and Ukrainian Public Sector Employees Using Design-Thinking Methodology”.The project has received funding from the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT, agreement № S-LU-20-5) and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (agreement № М/31-2020).
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Alhamad, Bassam Mohamed, and Rama Aladwan. "Balancing centralization and decentralization management at University of Bahrain." Quality Assurance in Education 27, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qae-01-2018-0005.
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PurposeThere is no such thing as a truly centralized or decentralized management system. With regard to universities, most of the key areas in universities are centralized, e.g. finance, personnel, curriculum, management and quality. These key areas will exhibit a higher impact on learning and research by maintaining the appropriate balance between centralization and decentralization approaches. The purpose of this paper is to study the key features of balanced management implemented within the internal quality assurance system at the University of Bahrain. Areas of such balance will be explained while showing theprosandconsof each management approach.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, both quantitative and qualitative surveys were used to study this balanced approach.FindingsThe centralization approach at the university maintained systematic compliance through the development of policies and procedures, quality structure and a clear framework for quality enhancement. Centralization ensured consistency in quality, programmes and activities. It also maintained diffusion of innovation, for example, sharing and transferring the knowledge of international accreditation practices to other colleges. The balance of the centralized with the decentralized management approach provided additional advantages. For example, the management shared the vision of decentralization to raise the level of responsibility and accountability. The management provided an acceptable level of authority to take on spot decisions; hence, building expertise at the decentralized levels. However, this would require support and capacity building to ensure directly responsible persons, who can take on spot decisions. The ownership of the self-improvement cycles was implemented at the level of the departments and colleges.Practical implicationsThis study showed that this balanced management had a great influence to maximize the benefits of the internal quality assurance (IQA) system, as it showed that 71.4 and 67.3 per cent of the academic and administrative staff, respectively, found that the IQA system was effective.Originality/valueThis balanced approach would guide the universities to enhance its quality system by organizing its structure, processes and systems in a harmonized nature.
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Poperechnyi, S., and O. Tarnavska. "Problems of state regulation of agriculture of Ukraine." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 93 (November 16, 2019): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e9309.
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The problems of state support of agriculture of Ukraine are analyzed. Scientific publications are dominated by criticism of existing support systems without conventional approaches to improving it. Even the interpretation of the concept of “state support” is debatable. The development of state support programs is complicated by the unformed market environment, the high level of monopolization of the agricultural procurement sector, and the difficulty of bringing small producers to target market segments. It is concluded that because of this, the possibility of creating private farms without their registration as legal entities is not realized. There has been a tendency for the emergence and accelerated development of particularly large farms focused on production for the export of raw materials while aggravating the social problems of the village. Only by government support will the negative trends in cattle reductions be offset. It is proposed to increase the effectiveness of state support programs by creating self-regulatory vertical marketing systems, in which the interests of all participants of these systems, ensuring their sustainable development, will be coordinated without direct state administrative intervention. Organizationally, it is easiest to create vertical marketing systems based on the initiative of existing processing plants, for which this is a way of procuring the required amount of raw materials with specified characteristics. Such raw materials can produce competitive products both domestically and internationally. Public financial support for such systems will ensure that their processes of origin and development are intensified. The organization's discussion on the cooperative principles of small processing is critically evaluated. It is shown that the main advantage of organizing such processing is to overcome market monopolization, to ensure without price interference stabilization of prices and their formation at a level acceptable to all members of the cooperative association. The risk of expected price uncertainty is reduced and bank loans may be attracted accordingly. Business plans for the development of individual enterprises and industries can be developed based on the expected price. The development of state targeted programs for agricultural development is simplified. Direction of state targeted programs of agricultural development and achievement of strategic goals, orientation to the data of the purpose of individual economic entities implies constant research and forecasting of market trends. Even large agricultural enterprises or business associations cannot carry out such research on their own. They provide for taking into account the expected values of macroeconomic indicators, and taking into account the international integration of Ukraine and the situation of the international market. Such research by state institutions, dissemination of information on the results of research, bringing information to all participants of the agrarian market is more important state support than direct state financial support.
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TYUKAVKIN, N. M. "MODELING OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 6 (2020): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.06.01.016.
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The article discusses the economic and managerial issues of modeling domestic innovation in industry. The linear and nonlinear modeling of innovation is disclosed. The stages of the innovation life cycle are investigated, the structure of innovative projects is considered, the procedure for selecting innovative projects is proposed, the selection scheme is presented, which is the basis for modeling technical complexes and technological activities for various purposes. The theoretical aspects of modeling, the practice of organizing modeling on the example of the Samara region are considered. To solve the problems of developing the economy of the Samara region, a comprehensive transition to the path of innovative development and the creation of a knowledge-based economy is necessary. The model of innovative development of the industrial complex of the region proposed by the author integrates the efforts of state authorities and industrial business in the formation and development of high-tech clusters. It follows that the priority task in this area is the creation of a new regional innovation system. The most significant result of the work is the proposal to organize a cluster model of innovative activity in the region, to create a cluster innovation infrastructure. It is noted that the innovative model for the development of industry in the region must be built using the innovative potential of industrial clusters, as well as on the basis of clusters to form the innovative infrastructure of the region. Clusters, having a significant innovative potential in their structure, diffuse innovations into other economic systems of the region. For this purpose, the author proposes to create an innovation development center in the cluster in order to coordinate innovative activity of both enterprises resident in the cluster and other industrial structures of the region. A mechanism is proposed for implementing the model of innovative development of the region, in which system benchmarks are set by the levels of resource, industrial, investment and innovative potentials of the region. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the region’s potential and “growth poles” for the development of innovative activity, the parameters of innovative development are compared with the criteria base.
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Bobrovska, O. Y. "Conceptualization of the management of the processes of development of territorial communities." Public administration aspects 6, no. 9 (October 19, 2018): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/151855.
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Considered the first principle of the formation of the phenomenon of development of society at the level of territorial communities. The results of the study of the expansion of the possibilities of development of territorial communities as the initial level of society existence in the conditions of modernization of local self-government through the introduction of a process approach are given. The proofs of the priority role of the processes of development of territories and the necessity of creating control systems for the development process as a fractal system of local self-government are given. It is noted that the management of development processes at the local level has not yet been brought to theoretical and methodological clarity; not provided theoretical characteristics, parameters and indicators of development processes; the technology of construction and flow is not simulated; There are no defined approaches to the evaluation of the results of processes in accordance with the vectors of community development, which testifies to the lack of effective management of the phenomenon of development, starting with the initial level of its occurrence. To solve the problem of intensification and increase of the development of territorial communities, a conceptual vision of process management, creation of a system of process management, which is considered as a fractal component of the system of local self-government is developed. It is represented by a conceptual apparatus for controlling processes proposed by the definition of the concepts of «process», «development process», the path of process management, the structure of the mechanism for managing the development process in the control circuit. Criteria and indicators of controllability of development of processes are determined by adhering to the allowable limits of their fluctuations. The given proposals deepen the theoretical and methodological basis of process management. The proposed algorithm for designing development processes at the first stage of their life cycle allows you to streamline the management of development processes, reduce the path and time for their implementation. Using the results of the research carried out will allow to focus efforts and formulate tasks for local self-government bodies for the implementation of development functions; establish the level of economic, social and resource efficiency of processes; deepen the social consolidation of power, residents and business entities; to carry out comprehensive support of the components in the chain of their interaction and implementation of results; to expand the space of intuitive, creative innovative thinking when making managerial decisions.
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Laiko, Oleksandr, Sergey Kovalenko, and Oleksandr Bilousov. "PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLUSTER FORMS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN EUROREGIONS." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 5 (December 2, 2020): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-5-118-128.
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The aim of the proposed research consists in outlining prospects of cluster mechanism application and verification of the cluster strategy in view of innovative development of cross-border regions against the background on strengthening integration processes. The work is dedicated to research of theoretical, methodical and applicable basis of strategic management of development of international integration associations as network-like structures of intra-branch and inter-branch cooperation on their mesolevel. The research method is based on mesoeconomic synthesis of development concepts in industrial and innovative clusters and international integration associations. To the authors’ opinion, it enables to work out both mechanism and scientific understanding of development trends in modern integration systems. The scientific hypothesis of the proposed work suggests that the cluster approach is the most efficient mechanism of development of international economic cooperation under modern conditions and, finally, is a mesolevel of competitive international integration systems and necessary pre-condition of qualitative progress of integration of Ukraine into the EU. The authors propose to develop integration processes of mesolevel within the framework of unified economic space basing upon clustering. Concept, structure and life cycle of net forms of self-organization of a cross-border economic space in conditions of developing a postmodern economy are considered. Conclusion is drawn to state that the cross-border clusters concept construes an approach adequate to modern challenges to stimulate economic development of peripheral regions with inherent features and advantages taking into account comprehensive dynamic competition and coordination of problems of meso– and macrolevels with conditions accompanying operation and activity of particular business entities. Under such circumstances, cluster policy consists in creating conditions for formation and development of cross-border clusters, but, under no circumstances, in artificial generation of such clusters. Theoretical positions and methodological approaches to the formation of industrial clusters within European regions are systematized. The essence of cross-border and internal relationships of the cluster as a factor in increasing competitiveness in the increasingly Euroregion integration processes and the need to enhance the role of peripheral regions within the framework of crossborder cooperation. The strategic priorities for spatial development of new forms of cross-border cooperation in the context of regional policy of the EU are outlined.
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SYSOIEV, Andrii. "System of controlling instruments operating activities of a trade enterprise." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 12/3 (December 28, 2019): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2019.12(3).5.
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Introduction. Scientists have already begun to apply actively controlling in various directions and spheres of activity of the enterprise. There is a need to identify structure of controlling instruments that can be used for trading company operational activity. It will deepen the understanding of controlling essence and will make it easier to implement. The purpose of paper is to identify varieties of controlling instruments operating activities of a trade enterprise. Results. In order to practically use systematic tools for product division functionality, in these own cases. Within the sales department propose to use pricing methods. When canceling marketing activities, they use the following tools: portfolio development methods; potential analysis Pilot method; Porter; benchmarking (the process of comparing objects of one enterprise with similar other objects of other enterprises); analysis of analytical shifts; map of strategic groups. Within the personal staff department, you can use your own strength and effectiveness of staff and motivation systems. In the control department of logistics are silent to create: remains a stock; ABC analysis; XYZ analysis. The grocery department was confident. Open procurement can be ABC analysis; XYZ analysis; known order optimization; confident stock level. Branch of appropriate management using design tools; accounting (management); process cost checking (activity-based costing); a sure fact regarding the life cycle (life cycle cost); direct costing; standard bone; transfer pricing methods; margin analysis; EVA, SVA, limit results analysis; functional-cost analysis, system of operation of operating system of ability; general intellectual ability management system; truth chain analysis; analysis of the chain of creation of additional information; comparison of results in chain actions; system of operational monitoring "plan-fact"; a system that considers the budget and remains important; system of regulatory calculation; analysis analysis; factor analysis; analysis of analytical shifts. All units can be used: PEST analysis; central security management; strategic gaps; analysis of strengths and weaknesses in the enterprise (trying to exploit the weaknesses in the enterprise and maintain the utilized potential potential); goal management system; activity based management (activity based management); system of balanced users; strategic maps; modeling; business process map; scenario method (situational approach to management decisions made in uncertainty. Forecasting the outcome of the situation); scenario method (situational approach to management decisions made in uncertainty. Forecasting the outcome of the situation); expert method; mathematical methods; Monte Carlo method; to divide a person by objects; sensitivity analysis; high efficiency of the unit; outsourcing matrix; control of "weak" signals; observation; cognitive conversation (individual and group); polls (written and oral); CAS polar solutions; experiment (natural and laboratory); testing; self-observation and self-reports. Conclusion. The proposed system of controlling instruments is adopted for the operating activities of a trading enterprise. It let to implement all the main functions of controlling.
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Kivalov, Sergey, and Olha Kibik. "ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRECONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGENCY RELATIONS IN A CRISIS PERIOD." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-2-73-79.
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The purpose of the article is the research of economic-legal and organizational principles of problem solution of economic agents’ functioning and implementation of activities within the system of anti-crisis measures in order to ensure the effective functioning of the country’s economic system. Crisis phenomena change the living tendencies of any economic agent. The purpose of each economic agent is to create sufficient capacity for functioning and development in favourable and especially in crisis conditions. In order to ensure the effective development of a business entity as an economic agent, the main condition is the maximization of its value by increasing the investment attractiveness and level of competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets. Formation of this condition is a prerequisite for survival in a crisis situation and development ensuring in favourable circumstances. The elements of anti-crisis management should be correctly integrated into the general policy of the management system of economic agents at the microeconomic and macroeconomic level. The subject of the study is the functioning of economic agents in a crisis. Research methodology. The study is based on the use of general scientific and specialscientific methods of scientific knowledge. The dialectical method allowed investigating the definition of agency relations. The method of system analysis was used to study the principles and economic and legal preconditions of the functioning of the anti-crisis management systems. The system-structural method helped to study basic precrisis measures to develop crisis-response potential of maritime agency service. Practical implications. The article considers the mechanism of economic and legal provision of anti-crisis management drawing on the example of maritime agents. The most significant components of the transaction costs of the principal are determined. Value/originality. The role of maritime agents’ associations has been identified. The necessity and preconditions for accelerating the adaptation of the world experience of the functioning of self-regulated organizations in the field of the maritime agency, in order to improve the state of the majority of economic entities, is proved. The development of cluster forms of the organization of interaction of different participants in maritime activity was determined as a positive trend. The promising area for further research is the formation of a model of responsible relationships between economic agents of different levels in order to achieve optimal results of realization of individual and social economic interests at key stages of the life cycle of the economic systems functioning.
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Lima, Willy, Claudine Bent-Cunningham, John McClain, Jr, Beverley Harris, Philmore McCarthy, and Heather A. Smith-Sherwood. "Becoming an Effective Leader for Life: A Book Review." EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 2 (April to June 2021) (April 28, 2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2021v02i02.0077.
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Successful leaders don’t rest on their laurels because leadership is not a title on a business card. Leadership is a living process and life means growth (Blanchard, 2012). The paper embodies a critical analysis of the book by Cashman (2017) which is meant to exemplify novel paradigms for Generation (z) leaders and beyond. This epic work invites leaders to become innovative and inventive in their practices and to dare to debunk the ideology of boxed leadership practiced in previous epochs. Its journey motif is reflective of the metamorphosing path that each leader must take as they seek to grow, develop and master the expectations of what it means to be an effective leader. Chapter one acts as a mirror which invites the leader to examine and acknowledge one’s own belief systems and ideologies while seeking to lead others. The thrust of chapter two challenges the leader to create stories which inspire the hearts and minds of those they lead to be spurred into action. Chapter three represents the plot in the story motif of chapter two. In chapter three, the leader must set goals, and develop a blueprint which delineates how these goals or actions will be set into motion towards a successful outcome or resolution. Chapter four illuminates the value of building and leading a team through collaboration; while chapter five propels the leader to embrace change in meeting the demands of altering world contexts. In chapter six the author implores leaders to practice a positive and healthy lifestyle which influence greater resilience and energy among those they lead. Being Mastery, in chapter seven, displays the symbiotic relationship between leadership and presence. The leader acts out the vision and mission of the organization and becomes the litmus by which the organizations’ success is gaged. Finally, in chapter eight, the author compels the cycle of growth and maturity in the leader by encouraging coaching and mentoring in order that they can become more efficient in their practice and generate efficacy in those they lead. This work is expected to guide future leaders in developing greater self- awareness in order to be equipped in rising to the challenges facing 21st century leaders in complex multicultural world.
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SADCHENKO, O. V., and I. V. ROBUL. "ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING SPACE OF THE ECONOMICS OF EXPERIENCE." Economic innovations 22, no. 1(74) (March 20, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2020.22.1(74).129-139.
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Topicality. It is relevant to determine the equilibrium dynamic state of the system based on the harmonization of the interaction between economic and environmental subsystems in the market space. The product of the economy of experience is: a product or service plus additional profit from experience. Impression - entertainment, training, the possibility of personal participation, self-expression, the development of social contacts and skills (socialization) and more, these are added value factors. Additional costs in the originality or uniqueness of a product or service are paid off and bring additional profit. Therefore, goods or services related to natural resources or conditions are especially relevant. The economics of experience should be considered in the economic and environmental marketing space, which will allow to form the price of goods and services that increases in the first case (location) from the additional costs for rent and additional profit for the uniqueness of receiving a service in this area or increasing due to the impression of a product or service and overlapping cost of services. In the second case, the price of the service is adjusted relative to additional costs and profits for the originality of the provision of impression services. That is, we can consider differential rents of the first and second order taking into account the environmental factor. Rent in the conditions of the economy of experience - additional income received by the entrepreneur in excess of a certain profit for the uniqueness of the location of his activities and capital; the formation of environmental rents, when considering the natural resource potential, is due to more favorable location conditions in which one entrepreneur is in front of another, not in equal conditions. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the economic and environmental marketing space in the context of the development of the economy of experience by substantiating the theoretical and scientific-practical foundations of the formation of the mechanism of economic and environmental innovative development. Research results. Issues related to the “economy of experience” make it possible to go to that level of economic development that allows you to take advantage of the competitive advantages of this enterprise. When considering the innovation and ecological space, competitive advantages can be used more effectively in terms of attracting impressions to meet the needs of both the B2B, B2C market and international markets. Impression marketing is an additional human activity that relates to the market in the conditions of fierce competition and a saturated market, when its principles serve as the only possible way to ensure profitability and plus additional profitability of production, growth and development of the enterprise. Market orientation determines the main areas of economic activity and evaluates its results by the value of the final income. A distinctive feature of such a service is that it can exist only with the relationship between the buyer of the service, the manufacturer of the service and the “additional service”, which does not always depend on the manufacturer of the service, but is formed depending on the location, historical value of the place or the unusual nature of the service , that is, from the uniqueness of the provision of this service. So, in fact, the consumer pays for a pleasant, sometimes unforgettable experience, and the producer (owner) of this service overpays (relative to the average price level) for rent or for the purchase of additional fixed assets (or additional investments). The manufacturer must have compensation for the "overpayment" and, of course, additional profit. So, the consumer pays extra money for an additional service-impression, and the owner also pays extra either for renting a room or for the additional supply of this service, that is, “impression” is the additional costs that are reflected in the price of the goods. An impression in the economic sense is additional costs and additional profit. Only ecologically high-quality goods and the same high-quality environmental services are in real demand in the market and can attract consumers. Proceeding both from the interests of society as a whole and each member of the society, it is necessary to use new forms of organizing production, business and labor, improving the structure of production and economic activity, taking into account national characteristics of nature management. The condition for the formation of environmental rents is not only the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the resource (resource-goods - land), but also the environmental characteristics of this resource and products grown on this site. Therefore, with the expenditure of equal capital, they give a different quantity and quality of products. Ecological rent can be formed on the worst land fertility, but the best environmental characteristics. At the same time, lands of higher categories can be removed from agricultural circulation in connection with an environmental disaster. Therefore, in an economy of experience, when determining the price of “decision making”, environmental components must be taken into account, however, environmental degradation, depletion of natural resources, and excessive pollution indicate failures in the market mechanism. The economics of experience in modern conditions can change this negative practice. Conclusion. In modern conditions of economic development, a fundamentally new environmental policy of the state is needed, which would clearly define the strategy and tactics for improving relations between society, production and nature, the optimal combination of environmental, economic and marketing positions. In this regard, multidimensional studies of marketing systems that are part of integrated socio-ecological-economic systems, combined by information flows, are needed. In the process of formation of market structures of the economics of experience, the task is to combine the interests of the economy, society and improve the environment. Reducing pollution and conserving natural resources becomes beneficial to the economics of experience. If earlier the interests of economics and ecology were located in the plane of conflicts, now in the ecological and economic space their interests coincide: the producer receives additional profit, while improving the environment.