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Journal articles on the topic 'Butadiene'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Bates, Gordon S., Michael D. Fryzuk, and Charles Stone. "Convenient synthesis and cycloaddition reactions of 2-phenylseleno-1,3-butadiene and 2-trialkylstannyl-1,3-butadienes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 11 (1987): 2612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-431.

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The facile preparation of 2-trialkylstannyl-1,3-butadienes and 2-phenylseleno-1,3-butadiene by reaction of 2-(1,3-butadienyl)magnesium chloride with trialkylstannyl chlorides and phenylselenium chloride, respectively, is reported. The Diels–Alder reactivity of these dienes with a variety of activated dienophiles is also described. Finally, a novel transmetallation of tin, in vinyl stannanes, to selenium by use of phenylselenium chloride is outlined.

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2

Rahmawati, Atiqa, Andri Saputra, and Uma Fadzilia. "PENGARUH PAPARAN MICROWAVE TERHADAP DERAJAT IKATAN SILANG PADA VULKANISASI KARET STIRENA." Warta Perkaretan 43, no. 1 (2024): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v43i1.978.

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Vulkanisasi karet diperlukan untuk meningkatkan sifat kekuatan dan elastisitas suatu produk karet. Selain mempersingkat waktu proses, kelebihan vulkanisasi menggunakan radiasi elektromagnetik dari microwave adalah panas yang seragam yang tidak tergantung pada ketebalan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik vulkanisasi karet stirena butadiena pada berbagai waktu paparan radiasi microwave. Kompon karet stirena butadiena dimasukkan dalam microwave dan diberi paparan radiasi elektromagnetik menggunakan daya 5 W pada berbagai waktu (10, 30, 50, 60, dan 70 menit). Derajat ikatan

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3

B.L., van Drooge, Marco E., and Grimalt J.O. "Atmospheric pattern of volatile organochlorine compounds and hexachlorobenzene in the surroundings of a chlor-alkali plant." Science of the total Environment 628-629 (April 24, 2018): 782–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1227688.

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The outdoor atmospheric distributions of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from locations receiving the emissions of a chlor-alkali plant have been studied. Trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene (medians 2.4 µg/m<sup>3</sup> and 1.7 µg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively) were the most abundant compounds, which was in accordance with the production processes from these installations. The concentrations of trichlorofluoromethane, median 1.6 µg/m<sup>3</sup>, are rather similar to the average levels described in general in the troposphere and cannot be attributed to thi

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4

B.L., van Drooge, Marco E., and Grimalt J.O. "Atmospheric pattern of volatile organochlorine compounds and hexachlorobenzene in the surroundings of a chlor-alkali plant." Science of the Total Environment 628-629 (February 20, 2018): 782–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.088.

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The outdoor atmospheric distributions of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from locations receiving the emissions of a chlor-alkali plant have been studied. Trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene (medians 2.4 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and 1.7 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively) were the most abundant compounds, which was in accordance with the production processes from these installations. The concentrations of trichlorofluoromethane, median 1.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, are rather similar to the average levels described in general in the troposphere and cannot be attributed to this specifi

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5

Skuratov, K. D., M. I. Lobach, A. S. Khachaturov, and V. A. Kormer. "Cis-1,4-copolymerization of butadiene and 2-alkyl butadienes." Polymer Science U.S.S.R. 29, no. 7 (1987): 1544–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3950(87)90415-1.

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6

Hazarika, Parasa, Pallab Pahari, Manash Jyoti Borah, and Dilip Konwar. "I2-SDS-H2O System: A highly Efficient Dual Catalytic Green System for Deprotection of Imines and in Situ Preparation of Bis(indolyl)alkanes from Indoles in Water." ISRN Organic Chemistry 2012 (August 27, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/635835.

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A novel catalytic system consisting of I2-SDS-H2O has been developed which cleaves 2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene, 1-aza-1,3-butadienes, oximes and in presence of indoles in the medium uses the corresponding aldehyde products to produce bis(indolyl)alkanes in situ. This one pot simple and mild dual catalytic system works in water at room temperature under neutral conditions.

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7

Jiménez-Vázquez, Hugo Alejandro, Luis Almazán, and Adriana Benavides. "Contribution of Dispersion to the Intrinsic Energy Barriers of Neutral Model Diels-Alder Reactions." Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society 68, no. 1 (2024): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v68i1.1867.

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The intrinsic reaction coordinates for the cycloadditions between ethene and 1,3-butadiene, and ethene and cyclopentadiene, were determined at the SCS-MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The energy contents of the points determined for both coordinates were decomposed into their deformation and interaction contributions. From this analysis it is concluded that the higher reaction barrier for the butadiene-ethene cycloaddition can be attributed primarily to the conformational change of butadiene required by the reaction (higher deformation energy). There is also a minor contribution of the interac

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8

Wiberg, Nils, and Susanne Wagner. "Zur Reaktivität des Germaethens Me2Ge=C(SiMe3)2: Mechanistische Aspekte der Diels-Aider- und En-Reaktionen [1] / On the Reactivity of Germaethene Me2Ge=C (SiMe3)2: Mechanistic Aspects of Diels Alder and Ene Reactions [1]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 51, no. 6 (1996): 838–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1996-0614.

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Abstract Diels-Alder and ene reactions of germaethene Me2Ge=C(SiMe3)2 (2) with butadienes respectively, take place regioselectively, as well as stereoselectively. They are accelerated by an increasing tendency of substituents in butadiene or propene to donate electrons (e.g. 2-methylbutadiene > butadiene; 2-methylpropene > propene), and retarded by an increasing bulkyness of substituents in 1,4- or 1,3-positions (e.g. 1-methylbutadiene > 2-methylbutadiene; 1-vinylpropene > propene). It is concluded from these studies that Diels-Alder and ene reactions of 2 occur - like those of Me2

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9

Botros, S. H., A. F. Moustafa, and S. A. Ibrahim. "Homogeneous Styrene Butadiene/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Blends." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 45, no. 4 (2006): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602550600553705.

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10

Kantlehner, Willi, Kai Edelmann, Jochen Mezger, Markus Vettel, and Wolfgang Frey. "Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, CIV. Umsetzungen von Orthoamiden der Alkincarbonsäuren mit enolisierbaren Carbonylverbindungen – Cyclisierung der Kondensationsprodukte zu Pyran-Derivaten." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 76, no. 8 (2021): 417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2021-0005.

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Abstract Orthoamides of alkynecarboxylic acid 15 condense with enolisable β-dicarbonyl compounds and as well with acetophenones to give 3-acryl-1,1-bis(dimethyl-amino)-1,3-butadienes. Some acylbutadienes cyclize affording 2-pyranon-derivatives 33 upon heating with aqueous ethanol. 2H-pyranes are accessible from acetone dicarboxylic acid ester and orthoamides 15. The constitution of one 4-acyl-1,1-bis(dimethylamino)-1,3-butadiene (16f) and one 2H-pyrane (44b) was confirmed by crystal structure determinations.

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11

Walsh, Neil G., James K. Hardy, and Peter L. Rinaldi. "Use of 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis for Automated Analysis of Styrene/Butadiene Copolymers." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 6 (1997): 889–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971941205.

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Principal component analysis (PCA) is used here to determine percent composition of the four monomer units styrene, 1,2-butadiene (vinyl), trans-1,4-butadiene ( trans), and cis-1,4-butadiene ( cis) in styrene/butadiene rubber (SBR) copolymers and the three monomer units (vinyl, trans, and cis) in butadiene rubber (BR) polymers. Comparison of PCA with current methods is described. Cluster analysis is used to classify the SBR and BR into groups.

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12

Salikhova, Ozoda Abdullaevna. "DEVELOPMENT OF A CATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BUTADIENE-1,3 BASED ON BUTYLENES - SECONDARY PRODUCTS OF SGCC." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 04 (2022): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-04-29.

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Butadiene - typical diene hydrocarbon with the interfaced double communications, will easily be polymerized and copolymerizing with styrene, nitriles or air of acrylic or methacrylic acids, blamed - and methylvinylpyridine, blamed - and vinylidene chloride, isobutylene, an isoprene, etc. Butadiene is the main monomer applied in modern industrial production of synthetic rubbers. One of decisive factors at determination of prospects of this or that method of synthesis of butadiene is existence of resources and cost of used raw materials. The method of two-phasic dehydrogenation of butadiene, des

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13

Khalil, Mohamed, M. Abudiab, and Ahmed E. Ahmed. "Clinical evaluation of 1,3-butadiene neurotoxicity in humans." Toxicology and Industrial Health 23, no. 3 (2007): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233707078773.

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1,3-Butadiene is one of the most commonly produced chemicals in the United States. It is also a known human and animal carcinogen. Information about 1,3-butadiene induced neurotoxicity is scarce. In this study, we evaluated the outcome of 1,3-butadiene accidental contact on neurological function in humans known to be environmentally exposed to the chemical. Known clinical neurological criterions were applied for the identification and evaluation of 1,3-butadiene neurotoxicity. Statistical analysis was conducted on the collected neurological parameters from a random cohort of 310 patients who h

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14

Lang, L. "Baffling butadiene." Environmental Health Perspectives 102, no. 3 (1994): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.102-1567096.

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15

Luttrell, William E., and Caroline E. Sizemore. "1,3-Butadiene." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 20, no. 3 (2013): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2013.04.006.

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16

Kim, Eung-Gun, Sanjay Misra, and Wayne L. Mattice. "Atomistic models of amorphous polybutadienes. 2. Poly(1,4-trans-butadiene), poly(1,2-butadiene), and a random copolymer of 1,4-trans-butadiene, 1,4-cis-butadiene, and 1,2-butadiene." Macromolecules 26, no. 13 (1993): 3424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00065a028.

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17

Dai, Haowen, Tian Ye, Kewei Wang, Meng Zhang, Li-Ming Wu, and Gangfeng Ouyang. "Enhanced Performance and Stability of a Trimetallic CuZnY/SiBEA Catalyst in Ethanol to Butadiene Reaction by Introducing Copper to Optimize Acid/Base Ratio." Catalysts 12, no. 10 (2022): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101147.

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Bioethanol to butadiene is currently the most promising non-oil-based butadiene production route. Here, copper is introduced into the conventional bimetallic zeolite catalyst to partially substitute for zinc; the isolated tetracoordinated Cu(II) species are formed, with weak and strong basic sites transformed into medium acid sites in trimetallic CuZnY/SiBEA catalyst. A partial substitution of zinc by copper increases the dispersion of metal, reduces the formation of ZnO clusters, decreases the pore blockage, and enhances the total pore volume of catalyst. The Cu1Zn2Y5/SiBEA catalyst with an a

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18

Kashaev, Bulat V., Ruslan I. Raimanov, Ilyuza R. Yausheva, et al. "OBTAINING AN EFFECTIVE BUTADIENE-SYNTHESIS CATALYST FROM ETHANOL." Oil and Gas Business, no. 4 (September 14, 2023): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-4-102-115.

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Butadiene is the main monomer used in modern industrial production of general purpose synthetic rubber. Currently, up to 99 % of butadiene-1,3 is obtained during oil refining, however, due to hydrocarbon reserve depletion, the search for alternative methods for butadiene-1,3 obtaining from renewable resources is an urgent task. One of the most promising renewable sources of raw materials is ethanol. Currently, this process is unprofitable due to low selectivity for the target butadiene. Therefore, in this work, an attempt was made to create a new heterogeneous catalyst that allows increasing t

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19

Fahr, Askar, and Akshaya K. Nayak. "Temperature dependent ultraviolet absorption cross sections of 1,3-butadiene and butadiyne." Chemical Physics 189, no. 3 (1994): 725–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(94)00306-8.

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20

Hegazi, Elham M., HM Eyssa, and AA Abd El-Megeed. "Effect of nanofiller on the ageing of rubber seal materials under gamma irradiation." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 15 (2019): 2065–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318819178.

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The effect of high gamma irradiation and nanosilica on the structure and mechanical properties of the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber seal materials was investigated in this study. Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites containing (25, 50 and 75 phr) unmodified and modified nanosilica were irradiated at different doses (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1 MGy). The dispersion of nanosilica-based filler in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber was investigated by scanning electron microscope. Fourier-transform infrared analysis, swelling, crosslinking, mechanical and the thermal resistance properties of ac

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21

Hamada, Takumi, Kento Iwai та Nagatoshi Nishiwaki. "Synthesis and Characterization of Multiple Functionalized Cyclohexanone Using Diels–Alder Reaction of α-Nitrocinnamate". Reactions 3, № 4 (2022): 615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/reactions3040041.

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A systematic study of the Diels–Alder reaction of α-nitrocinnamate was performed. The reaction of p-substituted α-nitrocinnamate with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadienes smoothly proceeded regardless of the p-substituent, which was either an electron-donating or -withdrawing group. A control reaction revealed that α-nitrocinnamate isomerized during the reaction. Danishefsly’s diene (1-methoxy-3-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-butadiene) facilitated cycloaddition under mild conditions to afford a cycloadduct without the alternation of the diastereomeric ratio. Moreover, the desilylation of the cycloadduct furnishe

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22

SLOBODKINA, K. N., K. B. VERNIGOROV, YU M. KAZAKOV, and O. V. STOYANOV. "ADHESION PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITIONS BASED ON NITRILE BUTADIENE RUBBER - THIOKOL MIXTURES." Herald of Technological University 27, no. 9 (2024): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.55421/1998-7072_2024_27_9_34.

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Elastomeric compositions based on a mixture of nitrile butadiene rubber and thiokol have been developed. The influence of thiokol on the rheological properties of compositions based on nitrile butadiene rubber was studied. It has been shown that thiokol has an “elasticizing” effect in compositions based on nitrile-butadiene rubber. The introduction of thiokol into compositions based on NBR leads to a significant decrease in viscosity compared to a composition containing dibutyl phthalate. This fact is certainly positive from the point of view of processing the proposed materials. The elastic-s

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23

Masliy, Alexey N., Ildar G. Akhmetov, Andrey M. Kuznetsov, and Ilsiya M. Davletbaeva. "DFT and ONIOM Simulation of 1,3-Butadiene Polymerization Catalyzed by Neodymium-Based Ziegler–Natta System." Polymers 15, no. 5 (2023): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15051166.

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Using modern methods of quantum chemistry, a theoretical substantiation of the high cis-stereospecificity of 1,3-butadiene polymerization catalyzed by the neodymium-based Ziegler–Natta system was carried out. For DFT and ONIOM simulation, the most cis-stereospecific active site of the catalytic system was used. By analyzing the total energy, as well as the enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of the simulated catalytically active centers, it was found that the coordination of 1,3-butadiene in the trans-form was more favorable than in the cis-form by 11 kJ/mol. However, as a result of π-allylic inser

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24

Xing, Hai Lin, Hao Zhou, Li Qun Zhang, Wei Ming Wang, and Dong Mei Yue. "Remove Rhodium Catalysts from HNBR Solution." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1152.

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Rhodium complex is excellent catalyst for nitrile-butadiene rubber homogeneous hydrogenation with difficulties in its recovery. A new extraction method for recovery noble metal catalysts from hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber solution was investigated. Rhodium metal catalysts can be efficiently, easily removed from hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber solution using amine as ligand and hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The condition of removing noble metal catalysts from hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber solution was carefully studied, including oxidant, reaction temperature, and the conc

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25

Shaltout, N. A., M. M. Abou Zeid, M. A. Mohamed, A. A. El Miligy, and E. M. A. Bary. "Radiation Vulcanization of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber/Butadiene Rubber Blends." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 45, no. 3 (2008): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601320701842043.

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26

Straif, K. "Butadiene or styrene or butadiene and styrene or else?" Occupational and Environmental Medicine 63, no. 3 (2006): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2005.023986.

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27

Bunn, Thomas L., and Michael T. Bowers. "Photodissociation dynamics of butadiene(1+) ions from 1,3-butadiene." Journal of Physical Chemistry 92, no. 7 (1988): 1813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100318a024.

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28

Fan, Qunchao, Hao Feng, Weiguo Sun, Huidong Li, Yaoming Xie, and R. Bruce King. "Carbonyl versus butadiene dissociation in binuclear butadiene cobalt carbonyls." Computational and Theoretical Chemistry 999 (November 2012): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comptc.2012.08.026.

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29

Tao, Xuchen, Chenggong Hu, Zhenzhen Xu, et al. "Development and antiultraviolet properties of epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene nanofibers loaded with nanometer titania dioxide." Journal of Industrial Textiles 46, no. 8 (2016): 1715–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716647200.

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The epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene nanofibers, which were prepared by epoxidation of the styrene–butadiene–styrene in toluene with peroxyformic acid generated in situ, were successfully embedded with nanometer titania dioxide by electrospinning. The optimum blended electrospinning parameters on preparing the nanometer titania dioxide/epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene fibers were obtained. The morphology and antiultraviolet property of nanometer titania dioxide/epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene composite fiber were examined using scanning electron microscope and an antiultraviolet t

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30

Li, Xiaolong, Junan Shen, Zhen Dai, Tianqing Ling, and Xinsheng Li. "Comprehensive Performances of Hybrid-Modified Asphalt Mixtures with Nano-ZnO and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modifiers." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 17, no. 3 (2022): 170–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2022-17.574.

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An effort was made to improve the separation issue of styrene-butadiene-styrene modifiers in styrene-butadiene-styrene-modified asphalt binders and to further enhance their performance by adding nano-ZnO to the styrene-butadiene-styrene-modified asphalt binder to prepare compound modified binder. First, the optimum nano-ZnO dosage was determined based on conventional tests, i.e., penetration, ring and ball softening point, and ductility at a fixed styrene-butadiene-styrene dosage; then, dynamic shear rheometer, bending beam rheometer, and fluorescence microscopy tests were conducted to evaluat

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31

Bojang, Adama A., and Ho Shing Wu. "1,3-Butadiene Production Using Ash-Based Catalyst." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (2023): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020258.

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The production of 1,3-butadiene from ethanol was carried out using ash as a catalyst in combination with Zr and Mg. The catalytic experiments were carried out at 350–400 °C with a different weight hourly space velocity (WHSV). The catalysts that were used were combined as follows: Ash, Ash:MgO (weight ratio 1:1), Ash:MgO (1:2), Ash:MgO (1:3), and Ash: MgO/ZrO2 (1:1:1). The characterization of the catalyst was carried out using BET, SEM, XRD, TGA, and XPS, respectively. The yield of 1,3-butadiene using bare ash was 65% at 400 °C and 2.5 h−1 of WHSV. Using the Ash:MgO (1:2) catalyst led to an et

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32

Adler, I. D., U. Kliesch, L. Nylund, and K. Peltonen. "In vitro and in vivo mutagenicity of the butadiene metabolites butadiene diolepoxide, butadiene monoepoxide and diepoxybutane." Mutagenesis 12, no. 5 (1997): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mutage/12.5.339.

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33

Spino, Claude, and Jason Crawford. "2-Carbomethoxy-1,3-butadiene: an electronically activated diene in [4 + 2] cycloadditions with electron-deficient dienophiles." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 7 (1993): 1094–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v93-145.

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Cross Diels–Alder reactions between 2-carbomethoxy-1,3-butadiene 1 and electron-rich dienes were carried out. It was found that diene 1 had a higher reactivity than even the well-known Danishefsky diene in its Diels–Alder cycloaddition with electron-deficient dienophiles. In addition, (Z)-1-methylthio-3-carbomethoxy-1,3-butadiene 11 was found to have a higher reactivity than (Z)-1-methylthio-1,3-butadiene and (Z)-2-carbomethoxy-1,3-hexadiene, while both (E)- and (Z)-1,2-(bis)-carbomethoxy-1,3-butadiene 14 reacted efficiently with maleic anhydride to give the corresponding cy-cloadduct 15.

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34

Ghebremeskel, Ghebrehiwet N., J. K. Sekinger, J. L. Hoffpauir, and C. Hendrix. "A Study of the Thermal Degradation Products of Styrene-Butadiene Type Rubber by Pyrolysis/GC/MS." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 69, no. 5 (1996): 874–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538409.

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Abstract Pyrolysis coupled with GC/MS was used to study thermal degradation products of styrene—butadiene rubber (SBR). Introduction of samples, using the pyrolysis carrier gas through the split injection port, followed by sub-ambient focusing of pyrolysis products gave reproducible chromatograms. The styrene content of styrene—butadiene copolymer was determined by plotting the GC areas of styrene and butadiene dimer (4-vinlycyclohexene) vs the percent bound styrene measured by refractive index and infrared spectroscopy. The accuracy and ease of use of the technique in determining the styrene

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35

Bakhtiar, Ray, Jared J. Drader, Robin K. Arneson, and Denley B. Jacobson. "Iron-mediated Cycloaddition Reactions for Fe(1,3-Butadiene)2L+ (L=Ethyne, Propyne) Complexes in the Gas Phase. Butadiene/Butadiene Versus Butadiene/Alkyne Cycloaddition." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 10, no. 11 (1996): 1405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(199608)10:11<1405::aid-rcm665>3.0.co;2-r.

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36

Suresh, Sunil S., Smita Mohanty, and Sanjay K. Nayak. "Influence of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber on recyclability of blends prepared from poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(methyl methacrylate)." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 6 (2018): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18771164.

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The current investigation deals with the recycling possibilities of poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(methyl methacrylate) in the presence of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber. Recycled blends of poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) are successfully formed from the plastic constituents, those are recovered from waste computer products. However, lower impact performance of the blend and lower stability of the poly(vinyl chloride) phase in the recycled blend restricts its further usage in industrial purposes. Therefore, effective utilisation acrylonitrile butadiene rubber in a recycled blend

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37

Bai, Jingyu, Lu Bai, Jinlu Li, et al. "Sensitivity Analysis of 1,3-Butadiene Monitoring Based on Space-Based Detection in the Infrared Band." Remote Sensing 14, no. 19 (2022): 4788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194788.

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The monitoring of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere is of great significance for reducing chemical pollution, warning of fires, and improving air quality. Among the VOCs, 1,3-butadiene is essential to monitor as a carcinogenic environmental pollutant. The space-based detection of 1,3-butadiene was made possible by recently development of infrared detection satellites and advances in spectroscopic techniques. In this work, based on the demand for space-based infrared detection of 1,3-butadiene, a modeling method of Earth background radiance characteristics coupled with rem

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Khachaturov, A. A., E. E. Potapov, S. V. Reznichenko, and A. N. Kovaleva. "Influence of iron ore concentrate (magnetite) on the kinetics of butadiene–styrene rubber-based blend curing in the presence of different accelerators." Fine Chemical Technologies 15, no. 5 (2020): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-5-46-53.

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Objectives. To investigate the possibility of using a cheaper ingredient, such as magnetite, in the synthesis of rubber compounds based on butadiene–styrene rubber by examining its effect on the process of sulfuric vulcanization of butadiene–styrene rubber in the presence of various accelerators.Methods. The influence of magnetite on the vulcanization kinetics was studied using an Alpha Technologies PRPA 2000 rotorless rheometer. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed using a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC 2 device to evaluate the effect of magnetit

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Li, Peipei, Kai Liu, Zhe Fu, Yongliang Yu, Zhaobo Wang, and Jing Hua. "Preparation of Butadiene-Isoprene Copolymer with High Vinyl Contents by Al(OPhCH3)(i-Bu)2/MoO2Cl2∙TNPP." Polymers 11, no. 3 (2019): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030527.

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In this study, a butadiene-isoprene coordination polymerization was initiated by a binary molybdenum (Mo)-based catalytic system consisting of modified MoO2Cl2 as the primary catalyst, triethyl aluminum substituted by m-cresol as the co-catalyst and tris(nonyl phenyl) phosphate (TNPP) as the ligand. The effects of the amount of catalyst and type of co-catalyst were investigated in detail. Experimental results indicated that when the butadiene-isoprene coordination polymerization was initiated by the binary Mo-based catalytic system, the monomer conversion could reach 90%. The resulting butadie

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Lin, Juan, Feng Wang, Chunyu Zhang, Heng Liu, Dexin Li, and Xuequan Zhang. "Copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene with phenyl/phenethyl substituted 1,3-butadienes: a direct strategy to access pendant phenyl functionalized polydienes." RSC Advances 11, no. 38 (2021): 23184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra02467a.

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Sun, Wuji, Yangye Jiang, Hong Yan, and Xiuqing Song. "Synthesis and Photoreaction of 2-Amino-3-cyano-4-aryl-4H-pyrans." Australian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 2 (2015): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch14113.

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A series of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-aryl-4H-pyrans (1) were synthesised by reacting malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, and aromatic aldehydes under ultrasound irradiation. The photochemical properties, including the photostability and photoreaction of 1, were investigated in conventional solvents. The results indicated that compounds 1 were unstable and underwent a photoreaction to the 1,3-butadienes under irradiation with UV light. A mechanism for the photoreaction is proposed and investigated using electron spin resonance spectroscopic techniques. The 1,3-butadiene structures were determined by 1H

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Ishida, Katsunori, Shotaro Nishitsuji, and Ken Miyata. "Effect of temperature and pressure on the interfacial morphology and bond strength of thermally laminated glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate/styrene-co-butadiene block copolymer films and comparison with coextruded (polyethylene terephthalate/styrene-co-butadiene block copolymer/polyethylene terephthalate) and polyethylene terephthalate/styrene-co-butadiene block copolymer/polyethylene terephthalate films heated with applied pressure after extrusion." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 38, no. 2 (2022): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/87560879211046188.

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This study focuses on controlling the interfacial adhesive strength between heat-sealed styrene-co-butadiene block copolymer (SBC) and glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) multilayer films. In comparison, the interfacial bond strength of coextruded PETG/SBC/PETG films was weaker. The lamella structures of SBC and free polybutadiene increased the interfacial adhesive strength. The coextruded films with applied thermal pressing were also examined. When exposed to heat, the interfacial adhesive strength improved. The butadiene layer segregated along the adhesive interface, as observe

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Dankovic, D., L. Stayner, R. Smith, and A. Bailer. "Carcinogenicity of butadiene." Science 257, no. 5075 (1992): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1529327.

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Rall, D. "Carcinogenicity of butadiene." Science 257, no. 5075 (1992): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1529328.

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Landrigan, P. "Carcinogenicity of butadiene." Science 257, no. 5075 (1992): 1330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1482491.

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Hopf, Henning, Helmut Lipka, and Marit Traetteberg. "Photoisomerisierung hochalkylierter Butadiene." Angewandte Chemie 106, no. 2 (1994): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19941060228.

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Peseke, Klaus, Manfred Michalik, and Knut Görges. "Push-pull-Butadiene." Zeitschrift für Chemie 24, no. 9 (2010): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zfch.19840240905.

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Kayran, Ceyhan, Saim Özkar, and Vagif M. Akhmedov. "Photo-Induced Chromiumcarbonyl Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Conjugated Dienes with Triethylsilane: The Solvent Effect." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 58, no. 7 (2003): 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2003-0707.

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Photocatalytic hydrosilylation of conjugated dienes (1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3- dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, trans-1,3-pentadiene) with triethylsilane was studied by using Cr(CO)5L (L = CO, P(CH3)3, P(OCH3)3, P(C6H5)3, P(C6H11)3, NC5H5) in two very different solvents, toluene and tetrahydrofuran, for comparison with the results found in n-hexane. In toluene, the photocatalytic hydrosilylation yields the same products as those in n-hexane, with the exception of trans- 1,3-pentadiene which gives cis-1-triethylsilyl-2-pentene as the sole product. However, each of the precursor complex

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Fedorov, Andrei V., and D. L. Snavely. "Vibrational Overtone Spectroscopy of Butadiene Iron Tricarbonyl and 1,3-Butadiene." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 101, no. 8 (1997): 1451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp962621d.

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Poshyachinda, S., H. G. M. Edwards, and A. F. Johnson. "Preparation and characterization of poly(1,4-butadiene-b-1,2-butadiene)." Polymer 32, no. 2 (1991): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(91)90022-b.

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