Academic literature on the topic 'Butanol synthesis'

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Journal articles on the topic "Butanol synthesis"

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Nisha, Bhardwaj, Ram Bishnoi Narsi, Singh Anita, Yadav Arti, and Kumar Yadav Deepak. "Screening and Adaptive Evolution of Clostridium for Butanol Synthesis by ABE Fermentation from Cellulosic Biomass: A Review." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology (IJAAST) 10, no. 6 (2023): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8063128.

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Cellulosic biomass has recently been given considerable attention as the most common renewable feedstock for biofuel manufacture. However, because of lignocelluloses' complex structure, it must be processed in several steps, which is expensive and time-consuming. By fermenting cellulosic biomass, Gram-positive Clostridium species can naturally produce butanol. Therefore, novel microbial biocatalysts with a higher butanol tolerance are required for the industrial-scale production of butanol. Due to its natural capability to break down cellulose, the Clostridium bacterium shows excellent pot
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Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin, Naz Chaibakhsh, and Mahiran Basri. "Effect of Alcohol Structure on the Optimum Condition for Novozym 435-Catalyzed Synthesis of Adipate Esters." Biotechnology Research International 2011 (December 27, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/162987.

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Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B, Novozym 435, was used as the biocatalyst in the esterification of adipic acid with four different isomers of butanol (n-butanol, sec-butanol, iso-butanol, and tert-butanol). Optimum conditions for the synthesis of adipate esters were obtained using response surface methodology approach with a four-factor-five-level central composite design concerning important reaction parameters which include time, temperature, substrate molar ratio, and amount of enzyme. Reactions under optimized conditions has yielded a high percentage of esterification (>96%) for
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Lin, Zhangnan, Wei Cong, and Jian’an Zhang. "Biobutanol Production from Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Fermentation: Developments and Prospects." Fermentation 9, no. 9 (2023): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9090847.

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With global carbon emissions and environmental issues becoming increasingly prominent, there is an increasing focus on the development of clean energy, and biobutanol has gained widespread attention due to its superior performance. Butanol production by fermentation is affected by various factors, such as raw materials, cultivation environment, and butanol toxicity, which results in lower butanol production and restricts its industrial development. This article elaborates on the research progress of butanol fermentation, including butanol-producing microorganisms, butanol synthesis metabolic p
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Kolesinska, Beata, Justyna Fraczyk, Michal Binczarski, et al. "Butanol Synthesis Routes for Biofuel Production: Trends and Perspectives." Materials 12, no. 3 (2019): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030350.

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Butanol has similar characteristics to gasoline, and could provide an alternative oxygenate to ethanol in blended fuels. Butanol can be produced either via the biotechnological route, using microorganisms such as clostridia, or by the chemical route, using petroleum. Recently, interest has grown in the possibility of catalytic coupling of bioethanol into butanol over various heterogenic systems. This reaction has great potential, and could be a step towards overcoming the disadvantages of bioethanol as a sustainable transportation fuel. This paper summarizes the latest research on butanol synt
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Nie, Zhao Guang, Yan Fang Hu, Qian Xu, and Ji Ming Hu. "Study on Synthesis Technology of Dibutyl Phosphate." Advanced Materials Research 1052 (October 2014): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1052.169.

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The method of the synthesis of dibutyl phosphate from phosphorous acid and n-butanol has been explored. Effects of reaction conditions, such as the ratio of raw materials, reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst type, and reaction time were investigated. The methods of analysis were studied. The composition of product was analyzed by titration method. The result showed: the best temperature was 125-135°C,the mole ratio of n-butanol / phosphorous acid was 3.6, the best reaction time without catalyst was 3h, the yield of dibutyl phosphate was 68%. The product can be separated by the agent
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Shen, Claire R., Ethan I. Lan, Yasumasa Dekishima, Antonino Baez, Kwang Myung Cho, and James C. Liao. "Driving Forces Enable High-Titer Anaerobic 1-Butanol Synthesis in Escherichia coli." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 9 (2011): 2905–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03034-10.

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ABSTRACT1-Butanol, an important chemical feedstock and advanced biofuel, is produced byClostridiumspecies. Various efforts have been made to transfer the clostridial 1-butanol pathway into other microorganisms. However, in contrast to similar compounds, only limited titers of 1-butanol were attained. In this work, we constructed a modified clostridial 1-butanol pathway inEscherichia colito provide an irreversible reaction catalyzed bytrans-enoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) reductase (Ter) and created NADH and acetyl-CoA driving forces to direct the flux. We achieved high-titer (30 g/liter) and high-yield
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Terblans, Yvette M., Michelle Huyser, Desmond A. Young, and Michael J. Green. "The synthesis of butene glycol ethers with aluminium triflate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 6 (2006): 859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-086.

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The use of aluminium triflate as a ring-opening catalyst for butene oxide (BuO) was evaluated in the presence of different alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 2-methyl-2-propanol. The reaction with methanol was studied kinetically by varying the temperature, catalyst concentration, and methanol – butene oxide molar ratio. These reactions yielded two major products (2-methoxy-1-butanol and 1-methoxy-2-butanol) in a approximate ratio of 1:1. It was noted that at low catalyst concentrations (<5 ppm), low temperatures (<90 °C), and
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Mao, Bifei, Wenjing Huang, Caiying Zhang, Haiyan Lan, Li Zhu, and Bingcong Zhang. "The mechanism of high butanol acetone ratio in ABE fermentation with fern root as substrate." BioResources 17, no. 1 (2021): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.177-189.

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The butanol acetone ratio (B/A ratio) is a critical index to evaluate the process of ABE fermentation. In this article, fern root starch with yeast extract added (FY) was used as substrate for ABE fermentation. The final B/A ratio in a 5 L anaerobic fermentor reached the highest levels of 3.42, which signified an increment of 41% compared with corn. The mechanisms for the high B/A ratio of FY substrate were as follows: 1) the weakened organic acid circuit resulted in decreased acetone synthesis; 2) the NADH level of butanol synthesis was high; 3) coA transferase activity was low and butanol de
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Meshalkin, Valeriy P., Roman A. Kozlovskiy, Mikhail R. Kozlovskiy, et al. "Experimental and Mathematical Analysis of the Kinetics of the Low-Waste Process of Butyl Lactate Synthesis." Energies 16, no. 4 (2023): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041746.

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Butyl lactate is a green solvent produced from renewable materials through the reaction of ammonium lactate with n-butanol. It could be a source material for valuable products such as propylene glycol, acrylic acid, its derivatives, and the cyclic monomer of polylactic acid (PLA)—lactate. In this study, we present novel non-catalytic interactions of ammonium lactate and n-butanol carried out in the temperature range of 130–170 °C in a closed system. The study focused on the kinetic modelling of the reaction between ammonium lactate and n-butanol to derive a mathematical model for the reactor u
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Wu, Hongyang, and Chen Chen. "Nonaqueous Synthesis of Pd/PdO-Functionalized NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles Enabled Enhancing n-Butanol Detection." Nanomaterials 14, no. 14 (2024): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14141188.

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The efficient detection of n-butanol, which is in demand for highly sensitive materials, is essential for multiple applications. A nonaqueous method was applied to prepare NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) using benzyl alcohol as a solvent, which shows a size of 7.9 ± 1.6 nm and a large surface area of 82.23 m2/g. To further improve the sensing performance for n-butanol, Pd/PdO functionalization was sensitized with NiFe2O4 NPs. Gas sensing results demonstrate that the Pd/PdO-NiFe2O4 exhibits an enhanced response of 36.9 to 300 ppm n-butanol and a fast response and recovery time (18.2/17.6 s) at 260
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Butanol synthesis"

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Safinski, Tomasz School of Chemical Engineering &amp Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Catalytic distillation for the synthesis of tertiary butyl alcohol." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23068.

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Catalytic Distillation for the synthesis of tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) is investigated in this thesis. The solvent, ethylene glycol, is proposed as a means of overcoming challenges, which limit the potential benefits of the application of reactive separation for TBA. The proposed action of the solvent is that of extractive distillation entrainer, thus a new unit operation of Catalytic Extractive Distillation (CED) is suggested. The solubility of isobutylene in water, TBA, and ethylene glycol and their binary and ternary mixtures, at different temperatures, is measured and correlated. The sol
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Clarke, Kim Gail. "A reassessment of the production of acetone and butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum in continuous culture." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21918.

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Bibliography: pages 154-195.<br>The production of acetone and butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum P 262 was studied in continuous culture under conditions where the nutrients were present in excess of the requirements and the cell growth was limited by the products formed during the fermentation. This system differs from most continuous culture systems used to obtain solvent production where the limitation of a specific nutrient was utilised to limit the cell growth.
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Liu, Jiahong. "Downstream process synthesis for biochemical production of butanol, ethanol, and acetone from grains /." Search for this dissertation online, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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Köhler, Kirsten Anna Katrin [Verfasser]. "Analysis, design and synthesis of microbial cell factories producing n-butanol / Kirsten Anna Katrin Köhler." Aachen : Shaker, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060621975/34.

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Bernardi, Andrea. "Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performances of ruthenium-based catalysts for the acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of butanol." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8521/.

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A growing interest towards new sources of energy has led in recent years to the development of a new generation of catalysts for alcohol dehydrogenative coupling (ADC). This green, atom-efficient reaction is capable of turning alcohol derivatives into higher value and chemically more attractive ester molecules, and it finds interesting applications in the transformation of the large variety of products deriving from biomass. In the present work, a new series of ruthenium-PNP pincer complexes are investigated for the transformation of 1-butanol, one of the most challenging substrates for this
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Yaremov, Victor. "Tecnology of determination of the effect of antibiotics on the industrial streins by the disk diffusion metod." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50625.

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1. Ikeda H. Natural products discovery from microorganisms in the postgenomic era. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2017. Vol. 81. P. 13–22. 2. Caplan, D. M., Ivana, S. and Caplan, M. E. Susceptibility to antibiotics of Bacillus anthracis strains. Roum. Arch. Microbiol. Immunol. 2009. Vol. 68 (2). P.106–110. 3. Lütke-Eversloh T., Bahl H. Metabolic engineering of Clostridium acetobutylicum: recent advances to improve butanol production. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2011. Vol. 22. P. 634–647.<br>The actuality of this topic is due to much interest has been to industrial biotechnology, which is often ass
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Silvester, Lishil. "Synthesis of higher alcohols from ethanol over hydroxyapatite-based catalysts." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10002/document.

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Dans un contexte mondial de demande croissante en énergie et d’une raréfaction des combustibles fossiles, la transformation de la biomasse en combustibles liquides est une alternative prometteuse car la biomasse est une source d'énergie renouvelable. L'éthanol et le butanol, alcools primaires les plus fréquemment rencontrés, peuvent être synthétisés à partir de la biomasse et utilisés (éthanol) ou envisagés d’être utilisés (butanol) comme biocarburants liquides. Le bio-butanol peut être obtenu selon plusieurs voies comme le procédé « Oxo », la fermentation « ABE » et la synthèse des alcools de
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Anfelt, Josefine. "Metabolic engineering strategies to increase n-butanol production from cyanobacteria." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Proteomik och nanobioteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185548.

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The development of sustainable replacements for fossil fuels has been spurred by concerns over global warming effects. Biofuels are typically produced through fermentation of edible crops, or forest or agricultural residues requiring cost-intensive pretreatment. An alternative is to use photosynthetic cyanobacteria to directly convert CO2 and sunlight into fuel. In this thesis, the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was genetically engineered to produce the biofuel n­-butanol. Several metabolic engineering strategies were explored with the aim to increase butanol titers and tolerance. I
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Fletcher, Eugene Kobina Arhin. "Application of novel methods using synthetic biology tools to investigate solvent toxicity in bacteria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9364.

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Toxicity of organic solvents to microbial hosts is a major consideration in the economical production of biofuels such as ethanol and especially butanol, with low product concentrations leading to high recovery costs. The key to rational engineering of solvent tolerant microorganisms for such processes lies in obtaining appropriate tolerance genes (modules) suited for different compounds. In this project, a synthetic biology approach was adopted to generate a library of standardised BioBrick parts involved in different stress responses. Using a multiple-assay approach, including a bioluminesce
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Schuster, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Expression von identifizierten clostridiellen Butanol-Synthese-Genen im Zwischenwirt Escherichia coli / Stefanie Schuster." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018707034/34.

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Books on the topic "Butanol synthesis"

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Alexandropolou, Ioanna. Synthesis of compounds from butan-2,3-dione. University of Portsmouth, School of Pharmacy, Biomedical and Physical Sciences, 1997.

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Breisgau, Universität Freiburg im, ed. Vom bekannten Unbekannten, vom unbekannten Unbekannten und vom unbekannten Bekannten: Neuartige Dimethylcyclohexanon-Anellierungen als Schlüsselschritte in der Totalsynthese terpenoider Naturstoffe : Totalsynthese von (±)-Isoacanthodoral. Desymmetrisierung prochiraler Sulfoxide : eine neuartige asymmetrische Synthese von Sulfoxiden. Hybride aus Butan-1,4-diylbis(methansulfonat) und Benzylguanidin zur Therapie des Neuroblastoms. s.n.], 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Butanol synthesis"

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Lloyd-Williams, P., P. Monerris, I. Gonzalez, G. Jou, and E. Giralt. "Synthesis of D-allo-isoleucine from L-isoleucine and from (S)-2-methyl-1-butanol: Synthesis of isostatine." In Peptides 1994. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1468-4_87.

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Bousquet, Marie-Pierre, René-Marc Willemot, Pierre F. Monsan, François Paul, and Emmanuel Boures. "Enzymatic Synthesis of α-Butylglucoside in a Biphasic Butanol-Water System Using the α-Transglucosidase from Aspergillus niger." In Carbohydrate Biotechnology Protocols. Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-261-6_23.

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Purdum, W. Ronald, S. D. Venkataramu, K. Darrellberlin, Robert R. Holmes, and Richard K. Brown. "4-(Ethylphenylphosphino)-1-Butanol and 1-Ethyl-1-Phenylphospholanium Perchlorate." In Inorganic Syntheses. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132494.ch33.

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Murmann, R. Kent, Edwin G. Vassian, Daryle H. Busch, and Alexander Kolchinski. "[[3,3′-(1,3-Propanediyldiimino) Bis-[3-Methyl-2-Butanone]Dioximate](1-)-N,N′,N″,N″′ ]Nickel(II), Nioyl." In Inorganic Syntheses. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132623.ch46.

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Sinou, D., J. Bakos, D. J. Darensbourg, and F. Beckford. "(S,S )-2,3-Bis[Di(m -Sodiumsulfonatophenyl)-Phosphino]Butane (Chiraphosts ) and (S,S )-2,4-Bis[Di(m -Sodiumsulfonatophenyl)- Phosphino]Pentane (BDPPts )." In Inorganic Syntheses. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132630.ch5.

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Nanda, Sonil, Rachita Rana, Dai-Viet N. Vo, et al. "A Spotlight on Butanol and Propanol as Next-Generation Synthetic Fuels." In Biorefinery of Alternative Resources: Targeting Green Fuels and Platform Chemicals. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1804-1_5.

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Lee, James Weifu. "Synthetic Biology for Photobiological Production of Butanol and Related Higher Alcohols from Carbon Dioxide and Water." In Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3348-4_22.

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Yasuda, Mayumi, Hiroki Ebata, and Shuichi Matsumura. "Enzymatic Synthesis and Properties of Novel Biobased Elastomers Consisting of 12-Hydroxystearate, Itaconate and Butane-1,4-diol." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2010-1043.ch017.

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Morrow, Gary W. "Brief Organic Review." In Bioorganic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199860531.003.0004.

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In addition to simple hydrocarbon structures (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic systems) and alkyl groups (methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, etc.), this text assumes a familiarity with the most common functional groups associated with organic chemical structures and their basic reactivity patterns. Table 1.1 summarizes the names and structures of some of the more important functional groups we will be dealing with throughout the remainder of the book. It is important to remember that functional groups containing O or N with nonbonding electrons have an affinity for both protic and Lewis
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Tsuchida, Takashi, Shuji Sakuma, Tatsuya Takeguchi, and Wataru Ueda. "n-Butanol Synthesis from Ethanol on Hydroxyapatite." In Science and Technology in Catalysis 2006. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53202-2.50131-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Butanol synthesis"

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McIntyre, D. R., R. D. Kane, and A. Venkatesh. "SCC Behavior of Steel in Fuel Ethanol and Butanol." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09530.

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Abstract This paper summarizes the results of a laboratory testing program to evaluate stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of carbon steel in fuel grade ethanol (FGE) per ASTM D4806, synthetic ethanol blends simulating FGE, and butanol. Biologically obtained butanol has been proposed as an alternative to ethanol. This study compares the two for their potential to induce environmental cracking. The tests results include both fracture mechanics and slow strain rate tests for the determination of crack growth rates, threshold stress intensity for SCC and conventional SSR ratios as an i
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Agarwal, D. C., and Michael Eckhardt. "Nickel Alloys and Newer Super-Austenitic Alloys Contributions in the CPI and Petrochemical Industries." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06233.

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Abstract In the CPI and petrochemical sectors basic raw materials, both organic and inorganic, are converted into products for use in other industries and/or direct use by consumers. The vast majority of chemicals are produced from a very limited number of simple chemicals which are derived from about ten raw materials. These are hydrocarbons (oil, natural gas, coal), minerals, rocks, salts, sulfur, phosphorus, air, water, inorganic acids and halogens. The first stage in the CPI/petrochemical industry is the conversion of the raw materials into base chemicals such as ethane, propane, butane, b
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Hamdi, Mohab, Amannie Kweik, Ahmad Almakrani, and Zahid Amjad. "Extending Phosphonates Performance in Simulated Cooling Waters." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11054.

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Abstract Organic phosphonates are a family of compounds widely used as mineral scale and corrosion inhibitors in a variety of applications in industrial processes. The phenomena of scale and corrosion inhibition has been studied extensively. This study reports the tolerance of phosphonates with hardness ions under a variety of test conditions (i.e., temperature, type and concentration of hardness ions, total dissolved solids, etc.). The phosphonates tested include: hydroxyphosphono acetic acid, HPA; aminotris(methylene phosphonic acid), AMP; 1-hydroxyethylidine 1,1-diphosphonic acid, HEDP; 2-p
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Vleggaar, Robert, and Thomas Logothetis. "Synthesis of Homochiral R-(+)-2-Methyl-1-butanol." In The 4th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. MDPI, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-4-01867.

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Yoeswono, Triyono, and I. I. Falah. "Catalytic activity of Mn/AC catalyst on direct synthesis of 1,1-dibutoxybutane from 1-butanol." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION – SRI2015. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4958516.

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Rachman, A., D. U. C. Rahayu, A. P. Gustianthy, and Y. K. Krisnandi. "Optimization of butanolysis reaction: Synthesis of alkyl polyglycoside (APG) from 1-butanol and glucose for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES (ISCPMS2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0008004.

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Abd, Intessar K., Firas H. Abdulrazzak, and Ziad T. Khodair. "Synthesis of MWCNTs from methanol/butanol mixture by catalytic chemical vapor deposition and application to synthesized dye sensitizer solar cell." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING & SCIENCE (IConMEAS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000033.

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Brant de Campos, Jose, Jaqueline Dias Senra, Adilson Claudio Quizunda, Marilza Sampaio Aguilar, Eustáquio de Souza Baêta Júnior, and Fernando Loureiro Stavale Junior. "Synthesis And Characterization Of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite With The Use Of Porogenic Agent For Applications As Catalyst In The Production Of Biofuels." In World Powder Metallurgy 2022 Congress & Exhibition. EPMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59499/wp225370593.

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Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been one of the most researched ceramic materials for application in bone implants and as a catalyst system. In this context, HAP has been used as a material system for ethanol conversion, like for n-butanol and for Butadiene. In this context, the present work aims to carry out a conversion reaction using the HAP obtained from hen skin with sucrose as a porogenic agent and ethanol as the catalytic system. The conversion reactions will take place at a temperature of 300 °C at rest and it will be conducted in a 30 mL steel alloy autoclave. The autoclave will be sealed an
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Soloiu, Valentin, Martin Muiños, Tyler Naes, Spencer Harp, and Marcis Jansons. "RCCI of Synthetic Kerosene With PFI of N-Butanol-Combustion and Emissions Characteristics." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1154.

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In this study, the combustion and emissions characteristics of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) obtained by direct injection (DI) of S8 and port fuel injection (PFI) of n-butanol were compared with RCCI of ultra-low sulfur diesel #2 (ULSD#2) and PFI of n-butanol at 6 bar indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and 1500 rpm. S8 is a synthetic paraffinic kerosene (C6–C18) developed by Syntroleum and is derived from natural gas. S8 is a Fischer-Tropsch fuel that contains a low aromatic percentage (0.5 vol. %) and has a cetane number of 63 versus 47 of ULSD#2. Baselines of DI con
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Soloiu, Valentin, Remi Gaubert, Jose Moncada, Spencer Harp, Kyle Flowers, and Marcel Ilie. "Partially Premixed Compression Ignition of Fischer Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (S8) With PFI of N-Butanol." In ASME 2017 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2017-3674.

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The combustion in an experimental medium duty direct injected engine was investigated in a dual mode process known as partially premixed compression ignition (PPCI). Both a common rail fuel injection system and port fuel injection (PFI) system have been custom designed and developed for the experimental single cylinder engine in order to research the combustion and emissions characteristics of Fischer Tropsch synthetic paraffinic kerosene (S8) with PFI of n-butanol in a low temperature combustion mode (LTC). Baseline results in single fuel (ULSD) combustion were compared to dual fuel strategie
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