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Journal articles on the topic 'Butanol synthesis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Nisha, Bhardwaj, Ram Bishnoi Narsi, Singh Anita, Yadav Arti, and Kumar Yadav Deepak. "Screening and Adaptive Evolution of Clostridium for Butanol Synthesis by ABE Fermentation from Cellulosic Biomass: A Review." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology (IJAAST) 10, no. 6 (2023): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8063128.

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Cellulosic biomass has recently been given considerable attention as the most common renewable feedstock for biofuel manufacture. However, because of lignocelluloses' complex structure, it must be processed in several steps, which is expensive and time-consuming. By fermenting cellulosic biomass, Gram-positive Clostridium species can naturally produce butanol. Therefore, novel microbial biocatalysts with a higher butanol tolerance are required for the industrial-scale production of butanol. Due to its natural capability to break down cellulose, the Clostridium bacterium shows excellent pot

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2

Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin, Naz Chaibakhsh, and Mahiran Basri. "Effect of Alcohol Structure on the Optimum Condition for Novozym 435-Catalyzed Synthesis of Adipate Esters." Biotechnology Research International 2011 (December 27, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/162987.

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Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B, Novozym 435, was used as the biocatalyst in the esterification of adipic acid with four different isomers of butanol (n-butanol, sec-butanol, iso-butanol, and tert-butanol). Optimum conditions for the synthesis of adipate esters were obtained using response surface methodology approach with a four-factor-five-level central composite design concerning important reaction parameters which include time, temperature, substrate molar ratio, and amount of enzyme. Reactions under optimized conditions has yielded a high percentage of esterification (>96%) for

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3

Lin, Zhangnan, Wei Cong, and Jian’an Zhang. "Biobutanol Production from Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Fermentation: Developments and Prospects." Fermentation 9, no. 9 (2023): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9090847.

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With global carbon emissions and environmental issues becoming increasingly prominent, there is an increasing focus on the development of clean energy, and biobutanol has gained widespread attention due to its superior performance. Butanol production by fermentation is affected by various factors, such as raw materials, cultivation environment, and butanol toxicity, which results in lower butanol production and restricts its industrial development. This article elaborates on the research progress of butanol fermentation, including butanol-producing microorganisms, butanol synthesis metabolic p

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4

Kolesinska, Beata, Justyna Fraczyk, Michal Binczarski, et al. "Butanol Synthesis Routes for Biofuel Production: Trends and Perspectives." Materials 12, no. 3 (2019): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030350.

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Butanol has similar characteristics to gasoline, and could provide an alternative oxygenate to ethanol in blended fuels. Butanol can be produced either via the biotechnological route, using microorganisms such as clostridia, or by the chemical route, using petroleum. Recently, interest has grown in the possibility of catalytic coupling of bioethanol into butanol over various heterogenic systems. This reaction has great potential, and could be a step towards overcoming the disadvantages of bioethanol as a sustainable transportation fuel. This paper summarizes the latest research on butanol synt

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Nie, Zhao Guang, Yan Fang Hu, Qian Xu, and Ji Ming Hu. "Study on Synthesis Technology of Dibutyl Phosphate." Advanced Materials Research 1052 (October 2014): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1052.169.

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The method of the synthesis of dibutyl phosphate from phosphorous acid and n-butanol has been explored. Effects of reaction conditions, such as the ratio of raw materials, reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst type, and reaction time were investigated. The methods of analysis were studied. The composition of product was analyzed by titration method. The result showed: the best temperature was 125-135°C,the mole ratio of n-butanol / phosphorous acid was 3.6, the best reaction time without catalyst was 3h, the yield of dibutyl phosphate was 68%. The product can be separated by the agent

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6

Shen, Claire R., Ethan I. Lan, Yasumasa Dekishima, Antonino Baez, Kwang Myung Cho, and James C. Liao. "Driving Forces Enable High-Titer Anaerobic 1-Butanol Synthesis in Escherichia coli." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 9 (2011): 2905–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03034-10.

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ABSTRACT1-Butanol, an important chemical feedstock and advanced biofuel, is produced byClostridiumspecies. Various efforts have been made to transfer the clostridial 1-butanol pathway into other microorganisms. However, in contrast to similar compounds, only limited titers of 1-butanol were attained. In this work, we constructed a modified clostridial 1-butanol pathway inEscherichia colito provide an irreversible reaction catalyzed bytrans-enoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) reductase (Ter) and created NADH and acetyl-CoA driving forces to direct the flux. We achieved high-titer (30 g/liter) and high-yield

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7

Terblans, Yvette M., Michelle Huyser, Desmond A. Young, and Michael J. Green. "The synthesis of butene glycol ethers with aluminium triflate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 6 (2006): 859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-086.

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The use of aluminium triflate as a ring-opening catalyst for butene oxide (BuO) was evaluated in the presence of different alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 2-methyl-2-propanol. The reaction with methanol was studied kinetically by varying the temperature, catalyst concentration, and methanol butene oxide molar ratio. These reactions yielded two major products (2-methoxy-1-butanol and 1-methoxy-2-butanol) in a approximate ratio of 1:1. It was noted that at low catalyst concentrations (<5 ppm), low temperatures (<90 °C), and

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8

Mao, Bifei, Wenjing Huang, Caiying Zhang, Haiyan Lan, Li Zhu, and Bingcong Zhang. "The mechanism of high butanol acetone ratio in ABE fermentation with fern root as substrate." BioResources 17, no. 1 (2021): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.177-189.

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The butanol acetone ratio (B/A ratio) is a critical index to evaluate the process of ABE fermentation. In this article, fern root starch with yeast extract added (FY) was used as substrate for ABE fermentation. The final B/A ratio in a 5 L anaerobic fermentor reached the highest levels of 3.42, which signified an increment of 41% compared with corn. The mechanisms for the high B/A ratio of FY substrate were as follows: 1) the weakened organic acid circuit resulted in decreased acetone synthesis; 2) the NADH level of butanol synthesis was high; 3) coA transferase activity was low and butanol de

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9

Meshalkin, Valeriy P., Roman A. Kozlovskiy, Mikhail R. Kozlovskiy, et al. "Experimental and Mathematical Analysis of the Kinetics of the Low-Waste Process of Butyl Lactate Synthesis." Energies 16, no. 4 (2023): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041746.

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Butyl lactate is a green solvent produced from renewable materials through the reaction of ammonium lactate with n-butanol. It could be a source material for valuable products such as propylene glycol, acrylic acid, its derivatives, and the cyclic monomer of polylactic acid (PLA)—lactate. In this study, we present novel non-catalytic interactions of ammonium lactate and n-butanol carried out in the temperature range of 130–170 °C in a closed system. The study focused on the kinetic modelling of the reaction between ammonium lactate and n-butanol to derive a mathematical model for the reactor u

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10

Wu, Hongyang, and Chen Chen. "Nonaqueous Synthesis of Pd/PdO-Functionalized NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles Enabled Enhancing n-Butanol Detection." Nanomaterials 14, no. 14 (2024): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14141188.

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The efficient detection of n-butanol, which is in demand for highly sensitive materials, is essential for multiple applications. A nonaqueous method was applied to prepare NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) using benzyl alcohol as a solvent, which shows a size of 7.9 ± 1.6 nm and a large surface area of 82.23 m2/g. To further improve the sensing performance for n-butanol, Pd/PdO functionalization was sensitized with NiFe2O4 NPs. Gas sensing results demonstrate that the Pd/PdO-NiFe2O4 exhibits an enhanced response of 36.9 to 300 ppm n-butanol and a fast response and recovery time (18.2/17.6 s) at 260

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11

Arsov, Alexander, Penka Petrova, Maria Gerginova, et al. "Bacterial Tolerance to 1-Butanol and 2-Butanol: Quantitative Assessment and Transcriptomic Response." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 24 (2024): 13336. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252413336.

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The unique fuel characteristics of butanol and the possibility of its microbial production make it one of the most desirable environmentally friendly substitutes for petroleum fuels. However, the highly toxic nature of 1-butanol to the bacterial strains makes it unprofitable for commercial production. By comparison, 2-butanol has similar fuel qualities, and despite the difficulties in its microbial synthesis, it holds promise because it may be less toxic. This paper is the first comprehensive study to compare bacterial tolerance to different butanol isomers by examining the growth of 31 bacter

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12

Cao, Tieping, Yuejun Li, Changhua Wang, Changlu Shao, and Yichun Liu. "One-Step Nonaqueous Synthesis of Pure Phase TiO2Nanocrystals from TiCl4in Butanol and Their Photocatalytic Properties." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/267415.

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Pure phase TiO2nanomaterials were synthesized by an autoclaving treatment of TiCl4with butanol as a single alcohol source. It was found that the control of molar ratio of TiCl4to butanol played an important role in determining the TiO2crystal phase and morphology. A high molar ratio of TiCl4to butanol favored the formation of anatase nanoparticles, whereas rutile nanorods were selectively obtained at a low molar ratio of TiCl4to butanol. Evaluation of the photocatalytic activity of the synthesized TiO2was performed in terms of decomposition of organic dye rhodamine B under ultraviolet irradiat

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13

Pischetola, Chiara, Laura Collado, Mark Keane, and Fernando Cárdenas-Lizana. "Gas Phase Hydrogenation of Furaldehydes via Coupling with Alcohol Dehydrogenation over Ceria Supported Au-Cu." Molecules 23, no. 11 (2018): 2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112905.

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We have investigated the synthesis and application of Au-Cu/CeO2 (Cu: Au = 2) in the continuous gas phase (P = 1 atm; T = 498 K) coupled hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF) with 2-butanol dehydrogenation. STEM-EDX analysis revealed a close surface proximity of both metals in Au-Cu/CeO2 post-TPR. XPS measurements suggest (support → metal) charge transfer to form Auδ− and strong metal-support interactions to generate Cu0 and Cu+. Au-Cu/CeO2 promoted the sole formation of 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF) and 2-butanone in the HMF/2-butanol coupling with full hydrogen utilisation.

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14

Mokhtary, Masoud, and Seyedeh Khadijeh Nasernezhad. "An Efficient Method for Synthesis of N-tert-Butyl Amides Using Oxalic Acid Dihydrate in Solvent-Free Condition." Organic Chemistry International 2014 (April 8, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/617153.

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An efficient method for the synthesis of N-tert-butyl amides by reaction of nitriles with tert-butyl acetate or tert-butanol is described using oxalic acid dihydrate in solvent-free condition. The result showed that tert-butyl acetate served as a relatively better source of tert-butyl carbocation than tert-butanol.

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15

García-Morales, Ricardo, Francisco J. Verónico-Sánchez, Abel Zúñiga-Moreno, Oscar A. González-Vargas, Edgar Ramírez-Jiménez, and Octavio Elizalde-Solis. "Fatty Acid Alkyl Ester Production by One-Step Supercritical Transesterification of Beef Tallow by Using Ethanol, Iso-Butanol, and 1-Butanol." Processes 11, no. 3 (2023): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030742.

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The effect of temperature was studied on the synthesis of fatty acid alkyl esters by means of transesterification of waste beef tallow using ethanol and, iso-butanol and 1-butanol at supercritical conditions. These alcohols are proposed for the synthesis of biodiesel in order to improve the cold flow properties of alkyl esters. Alcohol–beef tallow mixtures were fed to a high-pressure high-temperature autoclave at a constant molar ratio of 45:1. Reactions were carried out in the ranges of 310–390 °C and 310–420 °C for ethanol and iso-butanol, respectively; meanwhile, synthesis using 1-butanol w

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16

Pang, Xiu-Yan. "Catalytic Behaviors of Expansible Graphite in the Synthesis of Butyl Acetate." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 4 (2012): 1816–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/492863.

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The catalysis of expandable graphite EG for esterification has been studied. EG was prepared with KMnO4as oxidant and H2SO4as inserting reagent. Eexpanded volume，x-ray diffraction and energy dispersive analysis for EG were carried, and its catalytic activity was detected in the reaction of acetic acid with butanol. Influence of mole ratio of butanol and acetic acid, dosage of EG on ester yield were optimumed single factor experiments. The suitable esterification condition is: molar ratio of butanol to acetic acid keeps 1.6:1.0, mass of EG keeps 9.0% of the total mass of reactants; reaction kee

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17

Wang, Yong Jie. "ZM Solid Catalysts for Synthesis of 1-Butoxy-2-Propanol with High Selectivity." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 1771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1771.

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This document explains and demonstrates the problem of butanol and propylene oxide propoxylation, ZrO2 load active alkali metal oxides MgO the catalytic propoxylation method, analyzed a new type of catalyst activity and selectivity. The results show that the synthesis of ZM complex oxide as a catalyst for the reaction of butanol substrate, through the catalytic reaction of propylene oxide, selective access to the propylene glycol ether, High selectivity synthesis 1-butoxy-2-propanol. Synthesis of complex oxide catalyst ZM series in the course of the performance of the primary ether good select

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18

Kang, Jin, and Yaser Dahman. "Strategies for Improving Lignocellulosic Butanol Production and Recovery in ABE Fermentation by Tailoring Clostridia Metabolic Perturbations." Fermentation 9, no. 9 (2023): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9090855.

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The present study investigates approaches to enhance bio-butanol production using lignocellulosic feedstock via supplements of metabolism perturbation. Traditionally, bio-butanol has been produced through chemical synthesis in a process known as acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Today, biochemical techniques involving bacterial strains capable of producing butanol are used with renewable sources of biomass. In this study, a stepwise approach was tailored for metabolic perturbations to maximize butanol production from pure sugar and lignocellulosic feedstock as a reference model ferme

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19

Ma, Jiang Quan, Xiao Bing Gan, Ke Nian Wei, and Zhi Quan Hu. "Synthesis of N-Butyl Acetate by Continuous Catalytic Distillation with Ionic Liquid [Hnmp]HSO₄." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 1243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1243.

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N-methyl pyrrolidonium hydrosulfate ([Hnmp]HSO4) was synthesized and characterized. N-butyl acetate was synthesized from acetic acid and n-butanol with [Hnmp]HSO4 as catalyst in a catalytic rectification column 30 mm in diameter and 2.5 m in height. Effects of catalyst dosage, bottom temperature, feeding ratio of acetic acid to n-butanol, feeding method and reflux ratio on esterification and rectification were investigated. Under optimal condition which taking both energy cost and product quality into account: catalyst dosage was 0.5% of feed weight, bottom temperature was 120 °C, mole ratio o

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20

Voronova, Marina Igorevna, and Oleg Valentinovich Surov. "PREPARATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE IN A BUTANOL ENVIRONMENT." Chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 2, 2025): 111–22. https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20250214815.

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Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was obtained from sulfate cellulose in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst in the environment of butanol isomers: butanol-1, butanol-2, isobutanol, and tert-butanol. It was found that under the given synthesis conditions (0.025 g/ml concentration of sulfate cellulose suspension, temperature of 50 °C, duration of 2 hours), the maximum NCC yield of 60% was achieved in butanol-1 at a sulfuric acid concentration of 55%. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized NCC were studied. The size and shape of NCC particles were determined, their surface charge,

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21

Petrov, Kaloyan, Alexander Arsov, and Penka Petrova. "Butanol Tolerance of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: A Transcriptome Study." Genes 12, no. 2 (2021): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020181.

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Biobutanol is a promising alternative fuel with impaired microbial production thanks to its toxicity. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is among the few bacterial species that can naturally tolerate 3% (v/v) butanol. This study aims to identify the genetic factors involved in the butanol stress response of L. plantarum by comparing the differential gene expression in two strains with very different butanol tolerance: the highly resistant Ym1, and the relatively sensitive 8-1. During butanol stress, a total of 319 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in Ym1, and 516 in 8-

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22

Xie, Qingbiao, Guangshu Lao, Yukai Fang, et al. "Investigating Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthesis for Insights into Drug Resistance in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 4 (2025): 1601. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041601.

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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), synthesized by Xanthomonas to endure adverse conditions, are primarily regulated by the critical genes phaC and phaZ. Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), a common polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), has been implicated in metabolism, pathogenicity, and various physiological processes in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). In this study, we investigated the effects of HN-2 using n-butanol extract (HN-2 n-butanol extract) derived from Bacillus velezensis on Xoo. The results showed that HN-2 n-butanol extract could induce PHB accumulation in Xoo, potentially via surfactin. Moreov

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23

Sutiono, Samuel, Katharina Satzinger, André Pick, Jörg Carsten, and Volker Sieber. "To beat the heat – engineering of the most thermostable pyruvate decarboxylase to date." RSC Advances 9, no. 51 (2019): 29743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra06251c.

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24

Plint, Neville, Darren Ghavalas, Tasneem Vally, Valery D. Sokolovski, and Neil J. Coville. "Catalysed synthesis of 4-heptanone from 1-butanol." Catalysis Today 49, no. 1-3 (1999): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5861(98)00410-6.

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25

Kabalka, G. W., R. M. Lambrecht, M. Sajjad, et al. "Synthesis of 15O-labeled butanol via organoborane chemistry." International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 36, no. 11 (1985): 853–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-708x(85)90017-1.

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26

Gaide, Ieva, Violeta Makareviciene, Egle Sendzikiene, and Milda Gumbytė. "Rapeseed Oil Transesterification Using 1-Butanol and Eggshell as a Catalyst." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (2023): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020302.

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Biodiesel can be produced both in homogeneous and heterogeneous ways. Heterogeneous synthesis allows to easily separate catalyst from esters. In this work, eggshells as a heterogeneous catalyst were used for triglyceride transesterification with 1-butanol. Response surface methodology was used for process optimization. It was obtained that eggshells are a suitable catalyst for transesterification processes. A longer process duration and higher catalyst amount have a high influence on ester yield. However, the amount of 1-butanol should not be maximized. Optimum transesterification reaction con

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27

Huynh, Quyen, and Tuan Dinh Phan. "STUDY ON THE CAPABILITY OF BIO-BUTANOL SYNTHESIS FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE." Science and Technology Development Journal 14, no. 3 (2011): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v14i3.1968.

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The main concern in converting sugarcane bagasse to bio-butanol fuel is the conversion of the polysaccharides by enzymatic breakdown into monosaccharides. This study focused on the use of steam explosion as a pretreatment method. Steam explosion treatment of biomass had been previously used to increase cellulose accessibility [1,3,5,6,8,9]. Following steam explosion pretreatment, sugarcane bagasse was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis employing the Acremonium Cellulase as the reactant. The sugars released by enzymatic hydrolysis were further fermented by Clostridium Beijerinckii. Raw sugarcane

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Agayev, F. A. "SYNTHESIS OF TARGETED CATALYST FOR THE OXIDATIVE DEHYDRATION OF SEC-BUTANOL AND STUDY OF THE KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE PROCESS." Chemical Problems 18, no. 4 (2020): 477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2020-4-477-484.

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The catalytic activity of CaA zeolite modified with metal cations (Cu, Zn, Pd) by means of ion exchange in the reaction of partial oxidation of sec-butanol to methyl ethyl ketone was studied at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 240-3500 C, space velocities 1500-4000 h-1 and partial pressures of butanol-2 PB−2 = 0.12-0.36 atm, oxygen O2 P = 0.12-0.24 atm. It found that the metal zeolite catalyst CuZnPdCaA containing 3.0 wt% Cu2+ , 2.0 wt% Zn2+ and 0.1 wt% Pd2+ exhibited the highest activity and selectivity in the reaction under consideration. Also, kinetic regularities of the rea

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Fauzi, Basirah, Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi, Roslinda Fauzi, et al. "Glucose tolerance of Clostridium acetobutylicum fermentation in the anaerobic system." BioResources 18, no. 4 (2023): 7915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.7915-7922.

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Solvent-producing Clostridium acetobutylicum was purified and used in an acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation process. The objective of this study is to design a fermentation medium for the synthesis of butanol and determine the ideal glucose concentration for appropriate microbe ingestion. The fermentation medium was incubated at 37 °C for up to 90 h before inoculation while being sparged with nitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. Based on the optical density of fermentation media, the growth rate was also monitored. At 60 g/L of glucose, which was the optimum condition for fermentat

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Boing Sitanggang, Azis, Rahma Auliarisya Hidayati, Lilis Nuraida, Nuri Andarwulan, and Slamet Budijanto. "Continuous synthesis of cinnamate ester using membrane reactor in a solvent-free system." Annals of the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati. Fascicle VI - Food Technology 47, no. 1 (2023): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/foodtechnology.2023.1.03.

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Cinnamic acid is a phenolic compound with the potential to act as a natural antioxidant. Cinnamic acid esterification can be performed by adding a long-chain alcohol to one of its hydroxyl groups to improve its antioxidant activity. In this study, cinnamic esters were synthesized in an enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR) and were carried out continuously. This study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for the synthesis of cinnamic esters using various types of alcohols (e.g., butanol, hexanol, and octanol) as alkyl group donors and the impact of the esterification on the antioxidant activit

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Wang, Dong, Zhenyu Liu, and Qingya Liu. "Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C5–C9 alcohols over calcium carbide." RSC Advances 9, no. 33 (2019): 18941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02568e.

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Appaturi, Jimmy Nelson, Mohd Rafie Johan, R. Jothi Ramalingam, Hamad A. Al-Lohedan, and J. Judith Vijaya. "Efficient synthesis of butyl levulinate from furfuryl alcohol over ordered mesoporous Ti-KIT-6 catalysts for green chemistry applications." RSC Advances 7, no. 87 (2017): 55206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10289e.

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Here we describe the synthesis of butyl levulinate by alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol with n-butanol over a series of titanium incorporated mesoporous KIT-6 molecular sieve catalysts prepared by a simple sol–gel treatment.

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Addy, Marian E., and John F. Burka. "Effect of Desmodium adscendens fractions on antigen- and arachidonic acid-induced contractions of guinea pig airways." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 66, no. 6 (1988): 820–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y88-130.

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Three fractions (n-butanol, F2, and L5), isolated from an aqueous extract of Desmodium adscendens, a plant used in Ghana for the management of asthma, were evaluated for their pharmacological activity using ovalbumin and arachidonic acid-induced contractions of guinea pig airways. All three fractions inhibited the ovalbumin-induced contractions of indomethacin-pretreated tracheal spirals from sensitized animals dose dependently, but only L5 and n-butanol inhibited such contractions in the absence of indomethacin. The concentrations required to inhibit ovalbumin-induced contractions of lung par

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Tsuchida, Takashi, Shuji Sakuma, Tatsuya Takeguchi, and Wataru Ueda. "Direct Synthesis ofn-Butanol from Ethanol over Nonstoichiometric Hydroxyapatite." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 45, no. 25 (2006): 8634–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0606082.

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Mountapmbeme Kouotou, Patrick, and Zhen-Yu Tian. "CVD synthesis of cobalt spinel for bio-butanol combustion." Surface and Coatings Technology 326 (October 2017): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.06.026.

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Aitken, R., Anna Meehan, and Lynn Power. "Synthesis of (R)-Lactic Acid and (2R,5R)-2-tert-Butyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-one." Synthesis 47, no. 11 (2015): 1557–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1380511.

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A convenient procedure for the synthesis of very expensive (R)-lactic acid from relatively inexpensive (R)-alanine is described. Its subsequent conversion into a chiral dioxolanone can be carried out by using an inexpensive pivalaldehyde–tert-butanol mixture.

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Wang, Song, Lanlan Xu, Linlin Xu, Chengcheng Tian, and Yinyan Guan. "Optimization of Process Variables in the Synthesis of Tributyl Citrate Using a Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-Supported Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst." International Journal of Polymer Science 2018 (July 15, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1953563.

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A polyvinylpolypyrrolidone- (PVPP-) supported Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst ([BsPVPP]HSO4) was synthesized by the reaction between SO3H-functionalized PVPP and H2SO4. The prepared catalyst was characterized by IR, XRD, FESEM, TG, and DSC. The catalytic activity of [BsPVPP]HSO4 in the preparation of tributyl citrate (TBC) by the esterification reaction between citric acid and n-butanol was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the process variables of the esterification reaction. The variables, including the reaction time, the n-butanol-to-citric acid

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Emetere, Moses E., and Ikechukwu M. Ahiara. "Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Coated Carica papaya Extracts for Solid-State Application." Key Engineering Materials 885 (May 2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.885.53.

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The evolution of semiconductor from the conventional type to organic semiconductor has not convincingly shown that it is eco-friendly both in the short and long term. This research presents the green solution bio-semiconductor that was synthesized from zinc coated carica papaya. It was observed that carica papaya extracts do not respond significantly to the extracting solution (methanol, ethanol and butanol). The band gap of sample 1 (extract in methanol solution), sample 2 (extract in ethanol solution) and sample 3 (extract in butanol solution) was calculated as 1.98 eV, 2.01eV and 1.93 eV re

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Kaneti, Yusuf V., Quadir M. D. Zakaria, Zhengjie Zhang та ін. "Solvothermal synthesis of ZnO-decorated α-Fe2O3 nanorods with highly enhanced gas-sensing performance toward n-butanol". J. Mater. Chem. A 2, № 33 (2014): 13283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01837k.

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A facile solvothermal method has been developed for the synthesis of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ZnO nanocomposites that show enhanced sensitivity, selectivity and fast response–recovery toward n-butanol at a working temperature of 225 °C.

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Schäfer, Franziska, Judith Schuster, Birgit Würz, et al. "Synthesis of Short-Chain Diols and Unsaturated Alcohols from Secondary Alcohol Substrates by the Rieske Nonheme Mononuclear Iron Oxygenase MdpJ." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 17 (2012): 6280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01434-12.

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ABSTRACTThe Rieske nonheme mononuclear iron oxygenase MdpJ of the fuel oxygenate-degrading bacterial strainAquincola tertiaricarbonisL108 has been described to attack short-chain tertiary alcohols via hydroxylation and desaturation reactions. Here, we demonstrate that also short-chain secondary alcohols can be transformed by MdpJ. Wild-type cells of strain L108 converted 2-propanol and 2-butanol to 1,2-propanediol and 3-buten-2-ol, respectively, whereas anmdpJknockout mutant did not show such activity. In addition, wild-type cells converted 3-methyl-2-butanol and 3-pentanol to the correspondin

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Zheng, Yong Jun, Ji Chang Zhang, and Hui Chao Lu. "Synthesis of n-Butyl Salicylate Catalyzed by Boric Acid." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.319.

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Boric acid (H3BO3) was an inexpensive, efficient and mild catalyst for the synthesis of n-butyl salicylate from salicylic acid and n-butanol, the esterifcation process conditions were optimized, the experimental results showed that the new process used small amount of boric acid catalyst, got higher target product yield, thus reduced the cost of production.

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Priadi, G., F. Setiyoningrum, U. Perwitasari, D. S. Wibowo, F. Afiati, and S. Octaviana. "Isolation of microbes from nutmeg seeds as flavor biotransformation agents." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1377, no. 1 (2024): 012088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1377/1/012088.

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Abstract Nutmeg is Indonesia’s oldest spice, produced since ancient times. The microbes present in nutmeg may be involved in the synthesis of flavor compounds. The research aims were to isolate microbes from nutmeg seeds and use them as bio-transformation agents for flavor compounds from n-butanol. The research stages consisted of isolating bacteria and yeast from nutmeg seeds, gram staining of bacteria, using isolates in n-butanol transformation, and profiling the flavor compounds produced. The isolation process obtained 12 bacterial and 6 yeast isolates. Most bacteria have a coccus shape and

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Xu, Guo Mei, and Tie Jun Shi. "Synthesis of Alkyl Polyglycoside and its Application in the Glyphosate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.126.

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Using sweet potato starch, butanol, and dodecyl alcohol as raw materials, the alkyl indican surfactant was synthesized by two-step reactions with composite catalysts of p-toluene sulfonic acid and citric acid, the synthesis conditions were investigated through orthogonal method and the structure of the product was characterized by IR and mass spectroscopy. The weeding test was also studied by adding the appropriate proportion of alkyl indican surfactant. The results showed that the best technological conditions was: reaction took place under 120 C and last for 4 h, msweet potato starch:mn-buta

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Wang, Yan Xiang, Jian Sun, and Xi Yu. "Effect of the Type of Alcohol on the Properties of ZnO Nanopowders Prepared with Solvothermal Synthesis." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 1103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.1103.

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ZnO nanopowders were prepared via solvothermal synthesis by using methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-hexanol and 1-octanol as the reaction medium. Effects of alcohol on the properties of the ZnO nanopowders were investigated. XRD, FSEM and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy were used to characterize ZnO nanopowders. The results show that: the type of alcohol had significantly effect on the morphology of ZnO nanopowders. ZnO nanoparticles with diameter ~100 nm were obtained by using ethanol and isopropanol as reaction solvent. ZnO nanorods were obtained with the n-butanol, n-hexanol a

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Tigunova, O. O. "ULTRASONIC DISINTEGRATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSE RAW MATERIALS AS A PRE-TREATMENT OF A SUBSTRATE FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF BIOBUTANOL." Biotechnologia Acta 14, no. 5 (2021): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/biotech14.05.049.

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Aim. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ultrasonic disintegration on the lignocellulosic raw materials (biomass of the non-cereal part of rape) with its subsequent use as a substrate for the production of biobutanol. Methods. Butanol-producing strains and the biomass of the non-cereal part of rape Brassica napus were used in the present study. Ultrasonic disintegration of lignocellulosic raw materials was performed on the specially designed equipment. Results. The effect of ultrasonic disintegration on lignocellulosic raw materials was investigated for further applicatio

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Kuvatova, R. Z., O. S. Travkina, and B. I. Kutepov. "Synthesis of Micro/Mesoporous ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Natural Aluminosilicate." Kataliz v promyshlennosti 20, no. 5 (2020): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2020-5-328-334.

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An industrially promising method for the synthesis of highly crystalline powdered ZSM-5 zeolite has been developed. The method is based on the use of natural aluminosilicate metakaolin as the main source of silicon and aluminum, and butanol as the template. The pore structure of the synthesized zeolite was shown to contain both micro- and mesopores.

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Scotti, Nicola, Nicoletta Ravasio, Federica Zaccheria, Adrian Irimescu, and Simona Silvia Merola. "Green pathway to a new fuel extender: continuous flow catalytic synthesis of butanol/butyl butyrate mixtures." RSC Advances 10, no. 6 (2020): 3130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00198h.

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Hajarul, Azwana Ab Wab, Dyana Zakaria Nor, Azlan Abdul Aziz, and Abdul Razak Khairunisak. "Properties of Amorphous Silica Entrapped Isoniazid Drug Delivery System." Advanced Materials Research 364 (October 2011): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.364.134.

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This work describes the properties of silica drug delivery system (DDS) produced using micelles entrapment approach. Isoniazid, which is a water soluble drug for tuberculosis was used in the system. The effects of synthesis parameters were systematically studied such as synthesis temperature (38-70°C), amount of butanol co-solvent (6-18 ml), and amount of Si organic precursor (2-8 ml). From transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, the size of DDS could be tuned from 21-104 nm by changing the reaction temperature. The increase of butanol co-solvent enlarged the size of DDS in the range of

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DOLGACHEV, A. S., I. S. MARTEKHOVA, and E. V. SHISHKIN. "ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERPHASE CATALYSIS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF POTASSIUM BUTYL XANTHOGENATE." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 12(295) (December 2024): 32–38. https://doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2024-12-295-32-38.

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The influence of the nature of the phase-transfer catalyst on the synthesis of potassium butyl xanthate during the xanthogenation of butanol in a two-phase aqueous-organic medium was studied. A phase-transfer catalyst was selected, with the use of which the process proceeds with a higher yield of the target product.

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Alsaker, Keith V., Thomas R. Spitzer, and Eleftherios T. Papoutsakis. "Transcriptional Analysis of spo0A Overexpression in Clostridium acetobutylicum and Its Effect on the Cell's Response to Butanol Stress." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 7 (2004): 1959–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.7.1959-1971.2004.

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ABSTRACT Spo0A is the regulator of stationary-phase events and is required for transcription of solvent formation genes in Clostridium acetobutylicum. In order to elucidate the role of spo0A in differentiation, we performed transcriptional analysis of 824(pMSPOA) (a spo0A-overexpressing C. acetobutylicum strain with enhanced sporulation) against a plasmid control strain. DNA microarray data were contrasted to data from a spo0A knockout strain (SKO1) that neither sporulates nor produces solvents. Transcripts of fatty acid metabolism genes, motility and chemotaxis genes, heat shock protein genes

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