Relevant bibliographies by topics / Buttressess

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Buttressess'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Buttressess"

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Barlow, Jos, Bernard O. Lagan, and Carlos A. Peres. "Morphological correlates of fire-induced tree mortality in a central Amazonian forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 19, no. 3 (2003): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403003328.

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Tree characteristics were recorded from 2829 standing trees in 24 0.25-ha terra firme forest plots in central Amazonia, 3 y after a surface fire had swept through the study area. Sixteen of the plots were within forest that burnt for the first time at the end of the 1997-98 El Niño (ENSO) event, and the remaining eight plots were within unburnt primary forest. In order to investigate the morphological correlates of tree mortality, we measured tree diameter at breast height (dbh) and bark thickness, and recorded burn height, bark roughness and the presence of latex, resin and buttress roots. Leaf litter depth was also recorded at the base of all trees in the unburnt forest. Using logistic regression models, tree mortality was best explained by the burn height, although dbh and the presence of buttresses were also important. Buttressed trees were associated with deeper leaf litter accumulation at their bases and higher char heights than trees without buttresses. Moreover, trees surviving the fire had significantly thicker bark than living trees in unburnt forest plots, indicating that thin-barked trees are more prone to selective mortality induced by heat stress. Latex did not appear to have had any significant effects on mortality, though resins were less abundant amongst the live trees in the burnt forest than in the unburnt controls. Levels of fire-mediated tree mortality in this study are compared with those in other Amazonian forest regions in light of historical factors affecting tree resistance to fires.
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Ochsendorf, J. A., J. I. Hernando, and S. Huerta. "Collapse of Masonry Buttresses." Journal of Architectural Engineering 10, no. 3 (2004): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1076-0431(2004)10:3(88).

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Ngomanda, Alfred, Quentin Moundounga Mavouroulou, Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang, et al. "Derivation of diameter measurements for buttressed trees, an example from Gabon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 28, no. 3 (2012): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467412000144.

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Many tropical tree species have buttresses at the standard breast height (1.3 m above ground) of diameter measurement, with a presumable role in improving nutrient acquisition or tree anchorage in the ground (Newbery et al. 2009, Richter 1984). Measuring the diameter using standard dendrometrical tools such as callipers or graduated tapes, which require that the cross-section of the trunk has a convex shape, is then impossible (Nogueira et al. 2006). The recommended method in this case is to measure the diameter above the buttress (DAB), thus possibly leading to biased estimates of the basal area (West 2009), of tree above-ground biomass (Dean & Roxburgh 2006, Dean et al. 2003) and of tree growth (Metcalf et al. 2009). As an alternative, one can measure the basal area at breast height of buttressed trees, using a method that can deal with the irregular non-convex shape of the cross-section of the stem such as the Picus calliper, photogrammetry or 3D laser scanning (Badia et al. 2003, Dean 2003, Newbery et al. 2009).
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Martínez-Muñoz, David, José V. Martí, José García, and Víctor Yepes. "Embodied Energy Optimization of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Walls with Hybrid Simulated Annealing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (2021): 1800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041800.

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The importance of construction in the consumption of natural resources is leading structural design professionals to create more efficient structure designs that reduce emissions as well as the energy consumed. This paper presents an automated process to obtain low embodied energy buttressed earth-retaining wall optimum designs. Two objective functions were considered to compare the difference between a cost optimization and an embodied energy optimization. To reach the best design for every optimization criterion, a tuning of the algorithm parameters was carried out. This study used a hybrid simulated optimization algorithm to obtain the values of the geometry, the concrete resistances, and the amounts of concrete and materials to obtain an optimum buttressed earth-retaining wall low embodied energy design. The relation between all the geometric variables and the wall height was obtained by adjusting the linear and parabolic functions. A relationship was found between the two optimization criteria, and it can be concluded that cost and energy optimization are linked. This allows us to state that a cost reduction of €1 has an associated energy consumption reduction of 4.54 kWh. To achieve a low embodied energy design, it is recommended to reduce the distance between buttresses with respect to economic optimization. This decrease allows a reduction in the reinforcing steel needed to resist stem bending. The difference between the results of the geometric variables of the foundation for the two-optimization objectives reveals hardly any variation between them. This work gives technicians some rules to get optimum cost and embodied energy design. Furthermore, it compares designs obtained through these two optimization objectives with traditional design recommendations.
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ter Steege, Hans, Ben J. H. ter Welle, and Peter B. Laming. "The Possible function of Buttresses in Caryocar Nuciferum (Caryocaraceae) in Guyana: Ecological and Wood Anatomical Observations." IAWA Journal 18, no. 4 (1997): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001507.

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This paper describes the microscopic structure and morphology of stern and buttresses of swamp-grown Caryocar nuciferum L. and discusses the function of buttresses. Buttresses are mainly found at the opposite side of the leaning direction of a tree and thus could function as tension members. In contrast to the stern wood, which exhibits a moderate amount of tension wood fibres with a gelatinous layer, the wood of the buttresses on the tension side and the compression side of the leaning tree is characterised by thick-walled tension wood fibres. In addition, the number of vessels in the buttresses is substantially higher than that in the stern wood. The preferential direction of the buttresses and the anatomical differences in the various parts of the tree are discussed.
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Bhrany, Amit Dave. "Craniomaxillofacial Buttresses: Anatomy and Repair." Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery 14, no. 6 (2012): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archfaci.2012.906.

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Huerta, S. "The safety of masonry buttresses." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage 163, no. 1 (2010): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ehah.2010.163.1.3.

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Young, Truman P., and Victoria Perkocha. "Treefalls, Crown Asymmetry, and Buttresses." Journal of Ecology 82, no. 2 (1994): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2261299.

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Quintas, V. "Structural analysis of flying buttresses." European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering 21, no. 4 (2016): 471–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2015.1131201.

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Cotogno, Paolo. "Buttresses of the Turing Barrier." Acta Analytica 30, no. 3 (2015): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12136-014-0248-2.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Buttressess"

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Kim, Richard D. Y. "Analysis of architectural geometries affecting stress distributions of gothic flying buttresses." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32925.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science<br>Kimberly Kramer<br>The flying buttress is one of the most prominent characteristics of Gothic architecture. Understanding stress distribution from the upper vaulted nave (high vault) to the flying buttress system would contribute greatly to preservation efforts of such iconic structures. Many investigations have emphasized structural analysis of Gothic flying buttresses, but only limited research how architectural design affects load distribution throughout the Gothic members exist. The objective of this investigation was to inspire engineers and architectural preservationists to develop further research in Gothic structural analysis and restoration by increasing understanding how architectural design of flying buttresses affects the load path being transmitted from the main superstructure to the lateral force resisting system. Several flying buttress designs under similar analytical parameters were compared in order to understand how member geometries affect stress distribution. Because Gothic design is architecturally complex, finite element analysis method was used to obtain member stress distribution (regions of compressive and tensile stresses). Architectural elevation schematics of the flying buttresses of prominent Gothic cathedrals were referenced when modeling the structural members to a computer software program (RAM Elements).
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Maliarik, Mikhail. "Compounds with Non-Buttressed Metal-Metal Bond between Platinum and Thallium. Model Systems for Photoinduced Two-Electron-Transfer." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3174.

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Allen, Richard C. "World peace and nationalism: the irreconcilability of institutionalized and legally buttressed means of maintaining world peace with nationalism." University of California, 2013.

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Li, Chong-Dao, and 李崇道. "Numerical Analysis for Buttresses in Deep-excavation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yzcxqq.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>土木與防災研究所<br>97<br>Balustrades are commonly used in deep excavations in soft soil, and there have been many successful cases accumulated, indicating the installation of balustrades contributes greatly in the control of lateral displacement of diaphragm walls, differential settlement of jobsite and heaving. The behavior of balustrades is a three dimentional issue, for which single-dimensional elasto-plastic beam analysis is frequently used in engineering designs but difficult to simulate the actual mechanics of a balustrade. The 3D computer program, Plaxis 3D Foundation, was introduced for analysis of balustrades in actual cases, while the observation of lateral displacement in diaphragm wall and monitoring results from real-life cases were compared. A hypothetical case was established for investigation of the impacts of type, thickness and penetration depth of diaphragm to the stability of excavation from a microcosmic point of view, as well as the impacts of asymmetric balustrades and different spacing and length of balustrades from a macroscopic point of view. The analysis result suggested that interior balustrades that are removed as a whole perform the best in controlling lateral displacement in diaphragm walls, followed by non-T-section interior balustrades that are removed one by one, and T-section interior balustrades that are removed one by one performs the worst amongst all. The displacement of diaphragm walls stopped to decrease when the two types of balustrades that are removed in stage reach certain penetration depth. In addition, in case that there is no acceptable bearing layer at the bottom, the self-weight of balustrades will increase with thickness, resulting in increase in lateral displacement. The increase of penetration depth and thickness of T-section interior and exterior balustrades that are removed in whole helps control the lateral displacement of diaphragm wall. The establishment of asymmetric interior balustrades that are removed in stage performs better compared to symmetric establishment, but the lateral displacement on the other side of wall where there is no balustrade shows sign of increase. The result of interior balustrades that are removed in whole is completely the opposite of that obtained from balustrades removed in stage. The establishment of interior and exterior balustrades with proper length and at proper spacing provides effective control of lateral displacement.However, too many balustrades may result in high stiffness of diaphragm wall, leading to cantilever configuration. Finally, a normalized chart was developed for the maximum mid-section displacement of diaphragm walls for reference of designers.
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Cheng, Guang Hong, and 鄭光宏. "The Effect of Internal Buttresses on Lateral Displacement of." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28793527456266115766.

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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>營建工程系碩士班<br>90<br>In order to maintain the integrity of adjacent buildings and at the same time enhance the stability of excavation in soft soil, it is often required to limit the lateral displacement of diaphragm wall. In a few cases, a buttress-typed diaphragm wall had been adopted to achieve this purpose. From the viewpoint of mechanics, the behavior of buttress-typed diaphragm wall is of three-dimensional nature, and it cannot be easily analyzed with the widely adopted one-dimensional beam-on-elasto-plastic-foundation type computer program. Though the three-dimensional behavior of buttress-typed diaphragm wall can be analyzed by using a high-end numerical program, it maybe too time consuming for the designer. And for the high-end numerical analysis, it is often a difficult task to select a suitable soil model and the relevant parameters, which renders this approach unpractical for design engineers. This study intends to develop a simplified model to represent the three-dimensional behavior of buttress-typed diaphragm walls. This simplified model is then used in conjunction with one-dimensional beam-on-elasto-plastic-foundation programs to analyze the behavior of buttress-typed diaphragm wall. This study used the simplified model proposed by Hsieh and Lu(1999) as a basis to develop a refined model suitable for the TORSA program. The applicability of the refined model is verified by conducting parametric studies on artificial excavations in sandy and clayey materials. Finally, three cases are analyzed and the corresponding results are then fed back to the refined simplified model for further verifying its effectiveness. Considering the internal buttresses as a special type of soil improvement, the variations of shear strength and deformation parameters can both be calculated by the simplified models as stipulated in the thesis. Using the simplified models in conjunction with RIDO and TORSA programs, it is found that this approach is appropriate in simulating the effects of internal buttresses.
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LIU, CAI-XUAN, and 劉采萱. "Efficiency Analysis of Cross-walls and Buttresses with Different Sizes." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6tdnhs.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>土木工程系土木與防災碩士班<br>107<br>Many urban buildings were built years ago and their structures are gradually aging, which fuels urban redevelopment projects. On the other hand, modern urban buildings are designed to be very tall with very deep excavation and it is increasingly frequent to introduce cross walls and buttress walls for deep excavation. This study was aimed to investigate the factors of influence of cross wall and buttress, such as length, thickness and penetration depth, and their effects on suppressing wall displacement and land subsidence, while determining the efficiency of cross wall and buttress wall installation. The FEM program, PLAXIS 3D 2018, was used to simulate a deep excavation conducted in the top-down construction method with existing foundation left in place and the excavation depth of 19.9 m (5 levels underground). The diaphragm walls were simulated using plate elements. Cross walls, buttress walls and pile walls were added at the excavation side to reduce displacement in the retaining structure. The simulation result indicated minimal range of change in displacement reduction ratio (DRR) and settlement reduction ratio (SRR) between 0.4m and 1.0m as the cross walls became thicker. This suggests insignificant effect provided by the thickness of cross walls on suppressing diaphragm wall displacement or land subsidence. As the cross walls penetrated into the ground beyond 7.1 m, there was virtually no change in diaphragm wall displacement or land subsidence. However, the reduction efficiency increased the most between the penetration depths of 0 m and 7.1 m. As the buttress walls became thicker, the displacement reduction ratio (DRR) and settlement reduction ratio (SRR) displayed virtually no change. Therefore, the change of the thickness of buttress walls had insignificant effect on suppressing diaphragm wall displacement or land subsidence. As the buttress walls penetrated into the ground beyond 6.1m, the change of diaphragm wall displacement and land subsidence was negligible. However, the reduction efficiency increased the most between the penetration depths of 0m and 6.1m. For the change of buttress wall length within these 6m, the DRR increased by 15.4% and SRR by 13.1% at the north side, while the DRR increased by 24.1% and SRR by 19.7% at the south side. Clearly, the results above suggested that the longer the buttress walls are, the better effects they provide on suppressing diaphragm wall displacement and land subsidence.
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Wu, Richard, and 吳俊賢. "A Robot for Inspecting the Cracks on the Buttresses of a Bridge." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95737250216042710225.

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Tsai, Lung-Fung, and 蔡榮峰. "A Robot for Inspecting the Cracks on the Buttresses of a Bridge." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78368148155201840495.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>機械工程學系<br>85<br>The cracks of the buttresses of the bridges are popular. The existence of the cracks threaten the safety of the vehicles. Therefore, to inspect the cracks is important. In Taiwan, the method for prospecting the fissures is relied on traditional tests by scaffolding and climbing down by human. Scaffolding wastes a lot of time, reduces the efficiency and the mobility. Don't ignore the danger to life caused by scaffolding. As mentioned above, the theme presents the robot driven by the HydraulicSystem、Pneumatic System and Inductive Motors. The controller based on the motivations of the operators is distributed into the Manual and Automatic operations. During the Manual operation, the operator can drive main elements to extend, to shorten and to rotate among the working space. During the Automatic operation, the operator inputs the camera's position command. The PC-Based Controller calculates the dynamics of the main elements automaticallyand drives them to the desired position. Safely inspecting the cracks at lower cost, lower probability , higher mobility and higher efficient is the advantage of the automatic robot.
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Chien, Wen-Ching, and 簡文青. "A Study of Buttresses for Reducing the Retaining Wall Deformation in Deep Excavation." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77383359141174049383.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>土木工程學系碩士在職專班<br>90<br>Diaphragm walls with buttresses are used in deep excavation projects to reduce the wall deformation and to increase the stability of excavation. This research investigated the resistances of wall deformation proposed by the buttresses, and the mechanical behaviors of wall deformation due to different designs are also studied. Computer program named RIDO is used as a basic tool for analyzing the wall deformation. Three case studies of deep excavation were performed to simulate the mechanical behaviors of buttresses, and the feasibility of this analysis method was examined to provide further understandings of the wall deformation with buttresses. Furthermore, different setting methods of buttresses proposed by this research were used to study the influences of embedded depth and number of buttresses. From the analytical results, it is understood that the construction of buttresses will reduce the deformation and moment of diaphragm wall, and the amount of reduction depends on the number, length and depth of the buttresses and the condition of soil layers. The more buttress constructed, the more it reduces the deformation and moment of diaphragm wall. Appropriate number of buttresses may offer significant effects to the deep excavation, but it cannot reduce the deformation of diaphragm walls completely. To avoid the wall deformation, appropriate struts are still necessary for deep excavation.
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Chen, Shin-An, and 陳信安. "A Study of Displacements of Diaphram Wall with Soil improvement Buttresses for Deep Excavation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10488199361319007393.

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碩士<br>國立高雄第一科技大學<br>營建工程研究所<br>103<br>Due to rising price of land in Kaohsiung, apartment buildings outnumber townhouses. During the deep excavation of new apartment construction projects, the settlement of adjacent land often happens due to the displacement of retaining walls, which endangers adjacent buildings and results in the protests of residents. This problem usually happens when diaphragm walls are displaced (lateral displacement) during excavation. In order to ameliorate such problems, current engineering projects usually adopt inner buttresses for diaphragm walls to reduce displacement. However, the geology of most regions in Kaohsiung is composed of alternating sand and clay stratums; therefore, at the joining section of the inner buttress and diaphragm wall, the effect of the buttress is not good because the clay contains mud inside. Therefore, CCP improvement piles are used to replace the inner buttress of the diaphragm walls by arraying them as is done for buttresses. The purpose of this study was to explore the improvement on the displacement of diaphragm walls during deep excavation using the improved pile buttresses. The study adopted RIDO numerical value to carry out data analysis for the arrangement of the improved buttresses and to verify its feasibility. Two kinds of cases, with or without the buttresses, were used for the numeric analysis. The buttress model proposed by Hsieh and the model for the ultimate resistance of soil to the pile proposed by Reese are used for the feedback analysis of the diaphragm with the improved buttresses. The results showed that the displacement of the diaphragm wall is close to that of the monitoring values, if the spring constant of the soil is increased to 3 times that of Hsieh’s model. The displacement of the diaphragm wall at the final excavation is well agreed to that of the monitoring values, if the Reese model is used. The depth of excavation in this case is only 9 m in total, the Reese model is require the further study through the number of case studies to proof its feasibility.
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Books on the topic "Buttressess"

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Heyman, Jacques. Arches, vaults, and buttresses: Masonry structures and their engineering. Variorum, 1996.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M., and Henry J. Heaney. Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2132-3.

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Pittman, L. M. Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0093-6.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M. Buttress's world guide to abbreviations of organizations. Blackie Academic & Professional, 1993.

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A, Buttress F., ed. Buttress's world guide to abbreviations of organizations. Blackie Academic & Professional, 1997.

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Porter, Edgar, and Ran Ying Porter. Japanese Reflections on World War II and the American Occupation. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462989733.

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This book presents an unforgettable up-close account of the effects of World War II and the subsequent American occupation on Oita prefecture, through firsthand accounts from more than forty Japanese men and women who lived there. The interviewees include students, housewives, nurses, midwives, teachers, journalists, soldiers, sailors, Kamikaze pilots, and munitions factory workers. Their stories range from early, spirited support for the war through the devastating losses of friends and family members to air raids and into periods of hunger and fear of the American occupiers. The personal accounts are buttressed by archival materials; the result is an unprecedented picture of the war as experienced in a single region of Japan.
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Craniomaxillofacial buttresses: Anatomy and operative repair. Thieme, 2012.

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Pollock, Richard A. Craniomaxillofacial Buttresses: Anatomy and Operative Repair. Thieme Medical Publishers, Incorporated, 2012.

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Swinbank, Jean C. Buttress's World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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Pitman, L. Buttress's World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Buttressess"

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Como, Mario. "Piers, Walls, Buttresses and Towers." In Springer Series in Solid and Structural Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24569-0_10.

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Como, Mario. "Piers, Walls, Buttresses and Towers." In Springer Series in Solid and Structural Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54738-1_9.

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Sanabria, Sergio, and Kristina Luce. "The Rayonnant Gothic Buttresses at Metz Cathedral." In Technology and Resource Use in Medieval Europe: Cathedrals, Mills, and Mines. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315241661-4.

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Mindlin, R. D., and Chesley J. Posey. "Stresses Around Circular Holes in Dams and Buttresses." In The Collected Papers of Raymond D. Mindlin Volume I. Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8865-4_6.

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Borg, Markus. "Agility in Software 2.0 – Notebook Interfaces and MLOps with Buttresses and Rebars." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94238-0_1.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M., and Henry J. Heaney. "A." In Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2132-3_1.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M., and Henry J. Heaney. "J." In Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2132-3_10.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M., and Henry J. Heaney. "K." In Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2132-3_11.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M., and Henry J. Heaney. "L." In Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2132-3_12.

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Swinbank, Jean C. M., and Henry J. Heaney. "M." In Buttress’s World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2132-3_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Buttressess"

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Wong, L. W. "Performance of Buttress Wall in a Deep Excavation in Soft Ground." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 43rd Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.159.8.

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Diaphragm wall strengthened with buttress panels has frequently been adopted for reducing the wall deflections and the adjacent ground surface settlements caused by deep excavations. A case history on top-down construction with the excavation depth of 32 m is reviewed to study the effect of the buttresses on reduction in wall deflections. The excavation was supported by perimeter diaphragm walls of 1.5 m in thickness, 52 m in length and stiffened with buttresses spacing at 8.75 m. Two-Dimensional numerical analyses using the nonlinear Hardening-Soil with Small-Strain Stiffness constitutive soil model have been conducted. Five sets of wall stiffnesses with different interface reduction factors have been adopted to simulate buttresses with various spacing. Close matching between the computed wall deflections with those observed in the inclinometers validated the set of the soil stiffness parameters for the Hardening-Soil with Small-Strain Stiffness model. The effectiveness of the buttresses was assessed by comparing the computed wall deflections with and without the buttress panels.
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Zampieri, Paolo, and Carlo Pellegrino. "COLLAPSE MECHANISMS OF MASONRY BUTTRESSED WITH SETTLED SUPPORT." In 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120119.6955.20844.

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Johnson, Philip L., William R. Cotton, and Patrick O. Shires. "ALLUVIUM-BUTTRESSED LANDSLIDES: CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND EXAMPLES FROM CALIFORNIA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-324970.

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Dogu, D., C. Molins, and N. Makoond. "Static Analysis of a Masonry Arched and Buttressed Retaining Wall." In 12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/sahc.2021.252.

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Formisano, Antonio, and Roberta Fonti. "The role of massive vaults and buttresses in masonry building aggregates: A case study." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2018 (ICCMSE 2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5079152.

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Gobbin, F., M. Malena, G. Felice, and J. Lemos. "Evaluation of Different Computational Modelling Strategies of a Masonry Vault with Buttresses and Backfill." In 14th WCCM-ECCOMAS Congress. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/wccm-eccomas.2020.016.

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Carocci, C., C. Circo, N. Impollonia, G. Cocuzza, R. De, and C. Tocci. "The Maniace Castle in Siracusa. Reinforcement of the XVIII century buttresses by external steel tendons." In The 10th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, SAHC 2016. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315616995-263.

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Bosetti, F. "Structural designs that required thinking." In AIMETA 2022. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902431-17.

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Abstract. We discussed the peculiarities of three structural projects. The El Ferdan swing bridge over the Suez Canal, the longest in the world, required the optimization of structural weight and deflection, pursed with genetic algorithms. The Museum of the Future in Dubai, is supported by a single-layer steel gridshell following a pseudo-toroidal double-curvature surface, which required the optimization of a great number of diagrid nodes, parametrically designed with a custom tool. The competition-winner project for the new Stadio Milano follows the vision of a Gothic Cathedral with slender buttresses, tall multi-storey arched frames, all covered by a first-class cable-supported glazed facade, which fulfils the clean “glass-box” architectural intent. Although very sophisticated calculation tools are available, these experiences suggest that the human contribution of the structural engineer is still, at least for now, of paramount importance.
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DiGregorio, Allison. "Increasing Resilience of the San Francisco Waterfront with Engineering Innovation." In Deep Foundations Institute 49th Annual Conference. Deep Foundations Institute, 2024. https://doi.org/10.37308/dfi49.2024320804.

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Located at the Eastern shoreline of the San Francisco Peninsula, the Potrero Power Station Project is transforming a 29-acre industrial site into a mixed-use redevelopment with 7 acres of new waterfront public spaces. The primary goals of the infrastructure renovations are to protect the new waterfront developments against sea level rise (SLR) and to mitigate the risk of seismic instability of the shoreline. As a result, the site was generally raised by approximately 8 ft. Various design solutions were developed and implemented to address differing field conditions throughout the site. Deep soil mixing (DSM) buttresses were used to combat seismically induced slope instability throughout the entire shoreline. New pile-supported wharves were designed using an innovative engineering solution to resist kinematic seismic loading in the offshore slope. Several types of retaining walls and a grouted tieback system were selected along the shoreline to facilitate numerous waterfront recreational experiences for the public. Collectively, these structures and ground improvements have minimized adverse impacts of SLR and ensured seismic stability of the shoreline. This paper presents a successful project that demonstrates the benefits of tailoring design solutions to unique field conditions to enhance the resilience of the San Francisco waterfront development.
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Cardaci, Alessio, Pietro Azzola, and Antonella Versaci. "Rilievo 3D e Ricostruzione Digitale della Fortezza di Bergamo: la tenaglia di Sant’Agostino e la cannoniera di San Michele." In FORTMED2025 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. edUPV. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2025.2025.20343.

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The Fortress of Bergamo is an imposing architectural construction dating back to the 16th century characterized by a well-preserved city wall and a linear development of over 5 kilometers; in 2017 it was registered in the UNESCO World Heritage Site as a world heritage site. As part of the studies aimed at its conservation and valorization, a pilot project was launched on the gunboat of San Michele, an underground environment on the sides of the bastion and designated for "flanked cannonade" for the defense of the gate of Sant’Agostino on the street for Venice.The essay aims to illustrate the knowledge project resulting from the historical investigation, the metric-material and diagnostic survey, the graphic processing and the virtual restoration of the models and textures underlying the 3D rendering of the factory. A focus on new technologies aimed at communicating and enjoying cultural heritage resulting from an initial study of documentary sources, followed by precise mapping conducted on digital models, faithful copies of reality thanks to 3D laser scanner technology and HDR photogrammetry. The work allowed us to take an immersive journey in space and time right into the underground walls of the Walls at the end of the sixteenth century, in a virtual tour among bombers and men-at-arms grappling with cannons, fire buttresses, pikes and halberds.
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Reports on the topic "Buttressess"

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MacLean, Nancy. How Milton Friedman Exploited White Supremacy to Privatize Education. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp161.

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This paper traces the origins of today’s campaigns for school vouchers and other modes of public funding for private education to efforts by Milton Friedman beginning in 1955. It reveals that the endgame of the “school choice” enterprise for libertarians was not then—and is not now--to enhance education for all children; it was a strategy, ultimately, to offload the full cost of schooling onto parents as part of a larger quest to privatize public services and resources. Based on extensive original archival research, this paper shows how Friedman’s case for vouchers to promote “educational freedom” buttressed the case of Southern advocates of the policy of massive resistance to Brown v. Board of Education. His approach—supported by many other Mont Pelerin Society members and leading libertarians of the day --taught white supremacists a more sophisticated, and for more than a decade, court-proof way to preserve Jim Crow. All they had to do was cease overt focus on race and instead deploy a neoliberal language of personal liberty, government failure and the need for market competition in the provision of public education.
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Ebeling, Robert, та Barry White. Load and resistance factors for earth retaining, reinforced concrete hydraulic structures based on a reliability index (β) derived from the Probability of Unsatisfactory Performance (PUP) : phase 2 study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39881.

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This technical report documents the second of a two-phase research and development (R&amp;D) study in support of the development of a combined Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methodology that accommodates geotechnical as well as structural design limit states for design of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) reinforced concrete, hydraulic navigation structures. To this end, this R&amp;D effort extends reliability procedures that have been developed for other non-USACE structural systems to encompass USACE hydraulic structures. Many of these reinforced concrete, hydraulic structures are founded on and/or retain earth or are buttressed by an earthen feature. Consequently, the design of many of these hydraulic structures involves significant soil structure interaction. Development of the required reliability and corresponding LRFD procedures has been lagging in the geotechnical topic area as compared to those for structural limit state considerations and have therefore been the focus of this second-phase R&amp;D effort. Design of an example T-Wall hydraulic structure involves consideration of five geotechnical and structural limit states. New numerical procedures have been developed for precise multiple limit state reliability calculations and for complete LRFD analysis of this example T-Wall reinforced concrete, hydraulic structure.
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