Relevant bibliographies by topics / Buy Now Pay Later

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Buy Now Pay Later'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 31 August 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Buy Now Pay Later.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Buy Now Pay Later"

1

Kirkwood, Tom. "Buy now, pay later." Nature 368, no. 6468 (March 1994): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/368199a0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Regens, James L., and Thomas P. Lauth. "Buy Now, Pay Later: Trends in State Indebtedness, 1950-1989." Public Administration Review 52, no. 2 (March 1992): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/976469.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Albritton, Robert. "Buy now, pay later: The great unravelling of the commodity-form." Japanese Political Economy 45, no. 3-4 (April 8, 2019): 161–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2329194x.2019.1590722.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Laird, Pamela Walker, and Martha L. Olney. "Buy Now, Pay Later: Advertising, Credit, and Consumer Durables in the 1920s." Technology and Culture 34, no. 2 (April 1993): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106568.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Soltow, James H., and Martha L. Olney. "Buy Now, Pay Later: Advertising, Credit, and Consumer Durables in the 1920s." American Historical Review 97, no. 4 (October 1992): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2165684.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Benson, Susan Porter, and Martha L. Olney. "Buy Now, Pay Later: Advertising, Credit, and Consumer Durables in the 1920s." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 24, no. 3 (1994): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/206708.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Waldman, Thomas. "Buy now, pay later: American military intervention and the strategic cost paradox." Defence Studies 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2019.1565404.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Ingleby, Richard. "Buy now, pay later: The hidden costs of negotiated settlements to matrimonial disputes." Journal of Social Welfare Law 10, no. 1 (January 1988): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09649068808412071.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Siemens, Jennifer Christie. "When consumption benefits precede costs: towards an understanding of ‘buy now, pay later’ transactions." Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 20, no. 5 (2007): 521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.564.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Fagerstrøm, Asle, and Donald A. Hantula. "Buy it Now and Pay For it Later: An Experimental Study of Student Credit Card Use." Psychological Record 63, no. 2 (April 10, 2013): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11133/j.tpr.2013.63.2.007.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Buy Now Pay Later"

1

Johannesson, Isabella. "Dark Patterns in Digital Buy Now Pay Later Services." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300191.

Full text
Abstract:
Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) is a financial service whereby customers defer payment on a purchase against a short-term debt. While BNPL services have a long history, digital invoice services are now the largest market for BNPL. For the study, two of the largest providers in Sweden, and their checkout interfaces were reviewed for dark patterns. Dark patterns are instances where designers exploit the knowledge of human behaviour (e.g., behavioural psychology) and cognition (e.g., cognitive psychology) in order to coerce the customers into performing target actions. For digital invoice services, the target actions are for the customers to select the credit instalments which profits their business model, as a large percentage of their income are from postponed payments. This study employs three research methods to answer the research questions “What existing dark patterns are identified in digital invoice services, and what are the impacts of dark patterns in the context of digital invoice services?”. First, existing dark patterns were identified through a systematic literature review. Second, the resulting dark patterns were applied to an analysis of the two digital invoice services, where ten dark patterns were identified. Finally, an interface of a digital invoice service was designed, prototyped, and evaluated to test the impact of the identified dark patterns in the context of digital invoice services. Analysis suggests that the users are being coerced through design into the target actions, which were selecting the credit instalments (X2 = 5.84, df=1). The results is being further discussed in means of the potential debt users face from dark patterns in financial interfaces.
Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) är en finansiell tjänst där användarna skjuter upp betalningar mot en kortfristig skuld. BNPL-tjänster har en lång historia, men digitala faktureringstjänster är nu den största inom marknaden för BNPL. För studien granskades Sveriges två av de största faktureringstjänster och deras användargränssnitt för “Dark Patterns”. Dark Patterns är designmönster som utnyttjar kunskapen om mänskligt beteende (t.ex. beteendepsykologi) och kognition (t.ex. kognitiv psykologi) för att uppmana kunderna att utföra riktade åtgärder. För digitala faktureringstjänster är de riktade åtgärderna att användarna väljer kreditbetalningar vilket uppfyller deras affärsmodell, eftersom en av deras huvudsakliga inkomstkällor är från användare som skjuter upp sina betalningar. Denna studie använder tre forskningsmetoder för att svara på forskningsfrågan ”Vilka befintliga “Dark Patterns” kan identifieras i digitala faktureringstjänster, och vad är påverkan av “Dark Patterns” i samband med digitala faktureringstjänster?”. Först identifierades befintliga “Dark Patterns” genom en systematisk litteraturstudie. Sen tillämpades de identifierade “Dark Patterns” i en analys av digitala faktureringstjänster, där tio “Dark Patterns” identifierades. Slutligen skapades en prototyp vars gränssnitt utvärderas för att testa påverkan av de identifierade “Dark Patterns” i samband med digitala faktureringstjänster. Analys tyder på att användarna uppmanas genom design till riktade åtgärder för de digitala faktureringsstjänsterna som valde kreditbetalningarna (X2 = 5,84, df = 1).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Murugappan, Meena, and S. Michael O'Young. ""For good design, you pay now; for bad design, you pay later"--or do you?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37427.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-118).
What is the value of architectural design on office building income? This empirical study of 296 office building located in 11 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) hopes to quantitatively determine if a plain vanilla cereal box suburban office building commands more or less net operating income than an office building with a higher level of design. Previous empirical studies have found a strong influence of design on rents but were limited in geography, building characteristics and total number of observations. In an important study by Vandell and Lane (1990), they found that good architecture commanded a premium of over 20% in office rents. Also, their study showed that good design cost more to produce on average, but not necessarily in every case. Data was gathered from a portfolio of US office buildings and consisted of building metrics and property level 2000-2005 Net Operating Income (NOI). This base data set, MSA dummy variables and architectural attribute dummy variables (created by the authors) formed the backbone of the research. Multiple log linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the economic effects of good design.
(cont.) In addition, a survey taken by 31 architects was used to capture subjective rankings on the all 296 office buildings to determine if there is a consensus as to what constitutes good design. It is hoped that these professionals, who are formally trained and are practicing in the field, are well-qualified to evaluate the design of each building. The survey results showed that the architects' responses are idiosyncratic and subjective. Not only did the individual participant's rankings show no significant relationship with one another, but also did not exhibit any relationship with actual building NOI. The empirical study found that the market paid a premium of 7.9% for buildings with non-center cores. Also, a significant 11.7-13.2% premium was paid for properties with non-rectangular and non-square shaped floor plans. Finally, buildings with 60% to 90% exterior windows commanded a substantial 10.7% premium. These results imply that better-designed buildings generate higher NOI either because the tenants are willing to pay a premium or because the operating costs of the building are less, or both.
by Meena Murugappan and S. Michael O'Young, Jr.
S.M.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

King, Gareth James. "The constitutionality of the "pay now argue later" rule in terms of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53137.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Elliott, Sarah. "The 'pay now argue later' principle in South African Tax Law: its development, operation, comparison to South African civil debt enforcement and consistency with the constitutional right of access to courts." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25267.

Full text
Abstract:
Section 164 of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011 (the TAA), previously contained in section 88 of the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 (the Income Tax Act) and section 36 of the Value-Added Tax (VAT) Act 89 of 1991 (the VAT Act), provides that the payment of tax will not be automatically suspended until the resolution of a dispute regarding the liability for the said tax debt. This is known as the 'pay now argue later' principle. The objectives of this research were to analyse the development of the 'pay now argue later' principle in South African tax law, to provide an overview of the content and operation of section 164 of the TAA, to compare the principle and its purpose with civil debt enforcement procedures and, lastly, to test the principle against the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution), specifically the right of access to courts. The underlying theme of this research is the recognition of taxpayers' rights in South Africa, specifically the interplay between the powers of the fiscus and the rights of taxpayers. In order to achieve the abovementioned objectives, this research examined the development of the 'pay now argue later' principle from its first appearance in section 88 of the Income Tax Act and section 36 of the VAT Act to its subsequent incorporation into the Tax Administration Bill 11 of 2011 and, ultimately, into section 164 of the TAA. It was concluded that the development of the 'pay now argue later' principle, from its first appearance in the Income Tax Act in 1962 and the VAT Act in 1993 until their repeal in 2011, was relatively minor save for in 2009, during which year there was a marked change in the structure of this principle with the inclusion of the so-called 'suspension rule'. This research provided a practical overview and understanding of the operation of the 'pay now argue later' principle in terms of section 164 of the TAA, specifically focusing on the suspension rule. This research further compared the 'pay now argue later' principle with civil debt enforcement procedures, specifically provisional sentence and summary judgment. It was concluded that the 'pay now argue later' principle is an exception to the ordinary rules governing civil debt enforcement proceedings. Lastly, this research placed the 'pay now argue later' principle under constitutional scrutiny, specifically whether its application infringes on the right of access to courts of taxpayers. It was found that the 'pay now argue later' principle infringes a taxpayer's right of access to courts, but this limitation is justified in terms of section 36 of the Constitution.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Tseisi, Hulisani. "A critical analysis of the implementation of the 'pay now, argue later' principle by SARS as provided by section 164 of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011; and, Limitation of interest deduction in South Africa: a suggested approach to the application of sections 31 and 23M of the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 to debt and equity business financing methods." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27350.

Full text
Abstract:
A critical analysis of the implementation of the 'pay now, argue later' principle by SARS as provided by section 164 of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011: Abstract: The 'Pay Now, Argue Later' principle applies in income tax or value-added tax collection procedure after the South African Revenue Services has concluded an assessment in terms of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011 and found that an amount of tax is due and payable by the taxpayer. In terms of the 'pay now, argue later' principle, the taxpayer has to pay the assessed amount before being accorded an opportunity to raise any objections. The purpose of this paper is, to do an in-depth evaluation of the implications of the implementation of the 'pay now, argue later' principle by SARS. The implementation of the principle will be evaluated to determine if it is unjust, inequitable or unreasonable. In addition to the latter evaluation, the principle's shortfalls will be highlighted with the inclusion of a brief legal position in other countries. The paper acknowledges the existence of the principle, although the implementation thereof by SARS remains questionable and a source of controversy. The paper ultimately concludes that the 'pay now, argue later' principle, though constitutionally validated to a certain extent need to be revised. A balance has to be struck between the taxpayer's rights, public interest and SARS' powers in implementing the principle. A recommendation is therefore made to place the implementation thereof in the Tax Ombud in view of UK's Taxes Management Act where Commissioners resolve such disputes between taxpayers and the Inland Revenue Authority. ******************************************* Limitation of interest deduction in South Africa: a suggested approach to the application of sections 31 and 23M of the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 to debt and equity business financing methods. Abstract: The South African income tax system acknowledges the financing of resident companies by a related non-resident company through the use of debt and equity. However, the use of debt financing method is a cause for concern to the South African Revenue Services as it results in the base erosion and profit shifting of taxable profits through mispricing and excessive interest deductions. Section 31 and 23M were inserted into the South African Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 to address excessive debt levels and interest deductions. The objective of this paper is to analyse the rationale behind the use of debt and equity financing methods. This paper will also discuss the application of both s 31 and s 23M. Due to the close connection of s 31 and s 23M to debt transactions, an approach on how the two sections can be applied is suggested. This paper finds that the provisions of both s 31 and s 23M are applicable to the same set of facts. The paper also finds that s 31 provisions are applied to determine if a company has excessive debts taking into account the arm's length principle while s 23M provisions are applied to limit interest deductions. The paper suggests that the legislature should provide guidance on the interplay of the two provisions and in the absence of any guidance, the provisions of s 31 should be applied first followed by the provisions of s 23M.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Sergeeva, Yulia. "Complexes ADN/polycation en solution et aux interfaces en tant que vecteurs de transfection non viraux de pointe." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064224.

Full text
Abstract:
Ma thèse a porté sur des complexes de polyélectrolytes en solution et en films LbL pour la transfection de cellules et le contrôle des interactions cellule-surface. Il est possible de doser un agent de transfection et de l'ADN plasmidique dans des films LbL en ajustant le nombre de couches. Les efficacités de transfection avec différentes lignées cellulaires ont été au moins aussi bonnes que celles rapportées dans la littérature, mais sont restées globalement faibles. Différents nanobags ont également été systématiquement testés menant à un protocole de transfection très efficace avec une faible cytotoxicité pour des fibroblastes humains qui sont difficiles à transfecter. Nous avons pu identifier les architectures LbL qui permettent de contrôler l'adhésion cellulaire même en présence de sérum. Cela nous a permis d'introduire une nouvelle technique pour le suivi in situ de la transfection par QCM-D en suivant la mobilité du cytosquelette qui sera poursuivie dans un futur projet.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Chenel, Aurélie. "Dynamique et contrôle de systèmes quantiques ouverts." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061945.

Full text
Abstract:
L'étude des effets quantiques, comme les cohérences quantiques, et leur exploitation en contrôle par impulsion laser constituent encore un défi numérique pour les systèmes de grande taille. Pour réduire la dimensionnalité du problème, la dynamique dissipative se focalise sur un sous-espace quantique dénommé 'système', qui inclut les degrés de liberté les plus importants. Le système est couplé à un bain thermique d'oscillateurs harmoniques. L'outil essentiel de la dynamique dissipative est la densité spectrale du bain, qui contient toutes les informations sur le bain et sur l'interaction entre le système et le bain. Plusieurs stratégies complémentaires existent. Nous adoptons une équation maîtresse quantique non-markovienne pour décrire l'évolution de la matrice densité associée au système. Cette approche, développée par C. Meier et D.J. Tannor, est perturbative en fonction du couplage entre le système et le bain, mais pas en fonction de l'interaction avec un champ laser. Le but est de confronter cette méthodologie à des systèmes réalistes calibrés par des calculs de structure électronique ab initio. Une première étude porte sur la modélisation du transfert d'électron ultrarapide à une hétérojonction oligothiophène-fullerène, présente dans des cellules photovoltaïques organiques. La description du problème en fonction d'une coordonnée brownienne permet de contourner la limitation du régime perturbatif. Le transfert de charge est plus rapide mais moins complet lorsque la distance R entre les fragments oligothiophène et fullerène augmente. La méthode de dynamique quantique décrite ci-dessus est ensuite combinée à la Théorie du Contrôle Optimal (OCT), et appliquée au contrôle d'une isomérisation, le réarrangement de Cope, dans le contexte des réactions de Diels-Alder. La prise en compte de la dissipation dès l'étape d'optimisation du champ permet à l'algorithme de contrôle de contrer la décohérence induite par l'environnement et conduit à un meilleur rendement. La comparaison de modèles à une et deux dimensions montre que le contrôle trouve un mécanisme adapté au modèle utilisé. En deux dimensions, il agit activement sur les deux coordonnées du modèle. En une dimension, le décohérence est minimisée par une accélération du passage par les états délocalisés situés au-dessus de la barrière de potentiel.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Choi, Jongsuk. ""Buy now, pay later" appealing to consumers by product type : advertising message strategies in magazine advertisements for credit cards /." 2004. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/choi%5Fjongsuk%5F200408%5Fma.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Gómez, Luis Felipe. "Pay now or pay later: the present-future duality in organizational communication." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3101.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Gómez, Luis Felipe 1969. "Pay now or pay later : the present-future duality in organizational communication." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/13287.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Buy Now Pay Later"

1

Buy now, pay later. London: Cassell, 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Buy now, pay later. Brookfield, Conn: Millbrook Press, 1992.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Olney, Martha L. Buy now, pay later: Advertising, credit, and consumer durables in the 1920s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Paine, Lauran. Murder now, pay later. Bath, England: Chivers Press, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Save now, buy later: Finding unit prices. Chicago, IL: Norwood House Press, 2013.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Antony, J. J. Closure costs (pay me now and pay me later). Littleton, CO: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Jonathan, Bumas, ed. Poison pen, or, Live now and pay later. [Winston-Salem, N.C.]: Stuart Wright, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Bakun, W. H. Pay a little now, or a lot later. Menlo Park, CA: U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Story, Jack Trevor. Live now, pay later: The Albert Argyle trilogy. London: Allison & Busby, 1989.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Movement, Philippine Rural Reconstruction, ed. Pay now, not later: Essays on environment and development. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Buy Now Pay Later"

1

Dholakia, Ruby Roy. "Buy Now, Pay Later: Financing the Future." In Technology and Consumption, 143–71. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2158-0_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Korstanje, Maximiliano E., and Babu George. "Pay Now, Consume Later: The Power of Delayed Gratification." In Mobility and Globalization in the Aftermath of COVID-19, 47–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78845-2_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Dennis, Roger L. H. "Income or capital breeding: invest now and pay later, or pay as you go?" In Butterfly biology systems: connections and interactions in life history and behaviour, 165–67. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243574.0165.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Fleshner, Phillip. "Pouches for Indeterminate Colitis and Crohn's Disease: Act now, Pay Later?" In Clinical Dilemmas in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 192–95. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444342574.ch42.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Heath, Carole, Pranhitha Reddy, Martin Allen, Ginny Price, and Victor Fung. "Circumventing the “Pay Now or Pay Later” Dilemma: Strategies for Achieving Process Development with Speed and Long-Term Potential." In Cells and Culture, 121–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3419-9_20.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Serrat, Rodrigo, Thomas Scharf, and Feliciano Villar. "Reconceptualising Exclusion from Civic Engagement in Later Life: Towards a New Research Agenda." In International Perspectives on Aging, 245–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_19.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractSocial exclusion in later life remains a major challenge for ageing societies. Despite widespread acceptance of its multidimensional nature, research and policy debates have tended to focus on exclusion from material resources or social relations, overlooking other recognised dimensions of social exclusion. In this context, exclusion from civic engagement has been the least studied dimension. In this chapter, we argue that future research and policy initiatives should pay attention to four key dimensions of older people’s exclusion from civic engagement. First, we need to embrace the multidimensionality of the concept of civic engagement, which includes a range of qualitatively different activities. Second, it is essential to account for the diversity of the older population, since this shapes who is able to engage civically and in which ways. Third, attention should be paid to the dynamics and experiences of engagement across the life course, in order to understand better civic engagement trajectories. Fourth, we need to consider exclusion from civic engagement as a culturally-embedded process that is largely shaped by the particular socio-political context in which engagement occurs. We provide examples of recent research covering these dimensions of exclusion from civic engagement and conclude by proposing areas of further inquiry.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lombriser, Roman. "Board of Directors as a Strategic Sparring Partner." In Management for Professionals, 41–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48606-8_8.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractWhat role can board of directors play in the strategy process of an SME? The case of “Light-Tech” (a luxury lamp producer) shows how. The chairman and several of the other directors had bad feelings about the issue of technology replacement. Contrary to the top management team, they were not convinced that the breakthrough of the new LED technology in the market was still far away. To address this issue, the board of directors—together with the executive team—performed a scenario analysis for about 3 hours. Then, the board requested the top management team to formulate a precautionary strategy which much better prepares the SME for the pessimistic scenario. Result: 2 years later, the pessimistic scenario reveals itself as reality. By performing a scenario analysis together with the top management team, the board of directors were able to play an important role as constructive sparring partners.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Edwards, Clive. "Buy Now – Pay Later. Credit:The Mainstay of the Retail Furniture Business?" In Cultures of Selling, 127–52. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315258652-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

"Look Now … Buy Later." In Why Customers Would Rather Have a Smartphone than a Car, 19–24. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315547237-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Brandes, Christine Warren. "3D Seismic SurveysScrimp Now, Pay Later." In The Integration of Geology, Geophysics, Petrophysics and Petroleum Engineering in Reservoir Delineation, Description and Management. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/sp535c41.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Buy Now Pay Later"

1

Chellappa, Ramnath K., and Shivendu Shivendu. "Pay now or pay later?" In the 5th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/948005.948036.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

"Monday Panel: CAD Research, Pay Now or Pay Later..." In 2006 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccad.2006.320048.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bradshaw, R., Anthony Parente, Rob Burchell, and Steven Fradkin. "Phasing of a Geotechnical Investigation - Pay Now, or Pay More Later. The Hanlan Feedermain Approach to Risk Mitigation." In Pipelines 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413012.125.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Butler, Benjamin, Justin Roberts, Matthew Kelsey, and Steffen Van Der Veen. "Mature Field Economic Rejuvenation with Infill and Re-Entry Multilateral Well Creation Techniques." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200996-ms.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Multilateral wells have been proven over decades and have developed into a reliable and cost effective approach to mature field rejuvenation and extended commercial viability. This paper will discuss case studies demonstrating a number of techniques used to create infill multilateral wells in existing fields with a high level of reliability and repeatability. Techniques reviewed will cover cutting and pulling production casing to drill and case a new mainbore versus sidetracking and adding laterals to an existing mainbore. Discussion will also cover completion designs that tie new laterals into existing production casing providing significantly greater reservoir contact. Temporary isolation of high water-cut laterals brought into production later in the well's life through bespoke completion designs will also be discussed. Case studies will include discussion of workover operations, isolation methods, and lateral creation systems. Where available, resulting field performance improvements will also be discussed. In Norway, slot recoveries are commonly performed by cutting and pulling the 10-3/4" casing, redrilling a new mainbore, and running new casing. This enables junction placement closer to unswept zones and easier lateral drilling to targets. It does have drawbacks, however, related to the additional time required to pull the subsea xmas tree and challenges associated with pulling casing. In 2019, Norway successfully completed a 10-3/4" retrofit installation, whereas a sidetrack was made from the 10-3/4" and an 8-5/8" expandable liner was run down into the reservoir pay zone where two new laterals were created. The 8-5/8" liner saved time otherwise spent having to drill the section down to the payzone from the laterals. These wells have a TAML Level 5 isolated junction, Autonomous Inflow Control Devices (AICDs) in each lateral, and an intelligent completion interface across the junction, enabling active flow management and monitoring of both branches. In Asia, infill laterals were added to existing wellbores by sidetracking 9-5/8" casing and tying production back to the original mainbore. These dual laterals were completed with intelligent completions to enable lateral flow management and monitoring of both laterals. In Australia, dual laterals were created in a similar fashion; laterals are added to existing wells; however, a novel approach was used to manage water from existing lower mainbore laterals whereby they are shut in at completion and opened later when the new lateral is watered out. The older lateral now produces at lower water cut given the time allowed for water coning in the lateral to relax. Using this practice, production is alternated back and forth between the two laterals. In the Middle East, an older well has been converted from TAML Level 4 to Level 5 in order to prevent detected gas migrating into the mainbore at the junction. This conversion of a cemented junction well has enabled production to resume on this well. The well was converted to incorporate an intelligent completion to enable flow control of each lateral. This paper intends to provide insights into the various mature field re-entry methods for multilateral well construction, and a review of the current technology capabilities and well designs through the review of multiple case histories.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Świt-Jankowska, Barbara. "Let’s play with Le Corbusier." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.891.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract: The research focuses on the possibility of transferring theoretical ideas of Le Corbusier into educational programs of the very young children – between three and six. The worldwide development of civilization changed the natural environment of the human. For the average European citizen a city is more natural place for living than a forest. Simultaneously, in these days many inhabitants present an extremely conformist approach to life and to the surrounding space. The participation of members of the society in the shaping of public spaces is possible only through the involvement and practice, but the democratic responsibility does not appears out of nowhere. It must be fostered and nurtured as early as in childhood. According to developmental psychology, children in the age of 3-6 are very susceptible to the acquisition of new skills and learn it in an intuitive way. The proper education program using Le Corbusier’s lectures and theory could help them to understand the space better. The seeming simplicity of above rules is an advantage in this case – thereby it can be explained to even such an audience as small children. On the other hand, some kind of abstract and hidden difficulty included in this theory becomes an opportunity to create a very absorbing and stimulating workshops that follow the needs of younger and older children. Le Corbusier’s legacy includes not only physical issues and can be used in many different ways. As Pablo Picasso once stated: every child is an artist, the problem is staying an artist when you grow up. For those reasons, incorporating such an innovative strategy for kids’ education reveals a great potential. Resumen: Los estudios realizados enfocan en comprobar las posibilidades de usar las ideas teóricas de Le Corbusier en los programas educativos para niños de tres a seis años. El desarrollo de la civilización ha cambiado el entorno natural del ser humano - una ciudad para el ciudadano promedio de Europa es un lugar más natural para vivir que el bosque. Al mismo tiempo, hay que reconocer que muchas personas muestran el enfoque muy conformista a la vida, tanto al espacio circundante. Esta situación se podría mejorar mediante la participación consciente de los miembros de la sociedad en la creación del espacio público, su compromiso y la práctica. Pero la responsabilidad democrática no aparece sola, se debe estimularla y nutrir ya en la infancia. De acuerdo con la psicología del desarrollo, los niños de 3 a 6 años son muy susceptibles a la adquisición de nuevas habilidades y aprenden de una manera intuitiva. Programa educativo que utiliza los cursos y la teoría de Le Corbusier puede ayudarles a entender mejor el medio ambiente. La aparente sencillez de los principios proclamados por él en este caso es una ventaja. La abstracción y escondidas dificultades incluidas en ellos,nos permiten a crear actividades estimulantes que correspondan a las necesidades de los niños pequeños, tanto y mayores. Como afirmo Pablo Picasso: "Todo niño es un artista. El problema es cómo mantenerse siendo niño una vez que se ha crecido". Keywords: Architectural education, children, Le Corbusier. Palabras clave: Enseñanza de la arquitectura, los niños, Le Corbusier. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.891
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Pewowaruk, Ryan, Kevin Pettit, Carolina Larrain, Cody Johnson, Christopher J. Francois, Luke Lamers, and Alejandro Roldán-Alzate. "Pulmonary Artery Stenosis: Early Interventions With Low Profile Stents Versus Delayed Interventions With Large Diameter Stents." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9005.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Pulmonary artery stenosis (PAS) is a common complication of heart surgery in infancy. With recent advances in low profile-small diameter stent technology, PA stenting is now often performed in infants. While PAS stenting in older children does not impact distal PA growth and multiplication, in infants still undergoing significant PA growth, the impact of PA stent timing on long term PA development is unknown and potentially important. In a swine PAS model, the effects of early and delayed stent interventions on PA growth and cardiac function were comprehensively assessed. PA stenting had a positive impact on hemodynamics, lung perfusion, and histology, but the timing of intervention, either early or late, does not make a significant difference.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Chiarelli, Silvia Raquel, and Ruth Verde Zein. "Le Corbusier et les relations avec le Brésil." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.285.

Full text
Abstract:
Résumé: Les relations preofessionelles établies par l’architecte suisse-français Le Corbusier avec le Brésil ont été énormes et variées. Ayant été initiées dans les années 1920, elles ont été étendues jusqu’à sa mort en 1965, lorsque son projet de l’Ambassade de la France à Brasilia était en train de se développer (1964). Les informations disponibles sur l’ensemble des projets, des œvres et des événements qui montrent la relation de Le Corbusier avec le Brésil ont été dispersés par plusieurs sources, et ils sont étudiés par plusieurs rechercheurs. Cet étude recueille et présente, de façon organisée et systématique, les informations clés sur les événements, en cherchant à élucider les cas où les informations soient différentes ou contradictoires, en présentant un résumé de ses informations sous une forme graphique compacte. L’article propose également une premiàre approche de l’étude d’un cas, celui du projet original de Le Corbusier pour l’Ambassade de la France au Brésil. Une des dernières œvres de l’architecte sera étudiée à la lumière de ses relations antérieures avec le Brésil, en tenant compte de sa position face aux relations stratégiques projectives proposées par l’architecte tout au long de son œuvre, et en considérant d’une façon spécifique mais pas exclusive, les projets realisés ou non, qui ont été élaborés par l’architecte au cours de sa dernière période créative dans les années 1960. Abstract: The preofessionelles relationships established by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier with Brazil was huge and varied. Having been initiated in the 1920s, they have been extended until his death in 1965, when the project of the Embassy of France in Brasilia was being developed (1964). The information available on all projects, works provided and events that show the relationship Le Corbusier with Brazil were dispersed by several sources, and they are studied by several rechercheurs. This study collects and presents an organized and systematic way, key information about events, seeking to clarify the cases where the information is different or contradictory, presenting a summary of information in a compact graphical form. The article also offers a premiere approach to the study of a case, that the original project by Le Corbusier for the Embassy of France in Brazil. One of the last works provided the architect will be studied in the light of its previous relationship with Brazil, taking into account its position to projective strategic relationship proposed by the architect throughout his work, and considering a specifically but not exclusively, realized or unrealized projects, which were developed by the architect during his last creative period in the 1960s. Mots clés: Architecture moderne; Brésil; Ambassade de la France; Le Corbusier; œuvres; projets. Keywords: modern architecture; Brazil; Embassy of France; Le Corbusier; buildings; projects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.285
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Kruithof, E. KO, W. D. Schleuning, and F. Bachman. "PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR BIOCHEMICAL AND CLINICAL ASPECTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644764.

Full text
Abstract:
Plasminogen activator (PAs) are enzymes that convert the zymogen plasminogen into the trypsin-like protease plasmin, which degrades extracellular matrix proteins and fibrin in the course of fibrinolysis, embryogenesis, tissue remodeling and in tumor metastasis. Plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAIs) are important modulators of PA activity. Several proteins have been identified which inhibit at fast rates urokinase (u-PA) and tissue-type PA (t-PA). In the order of inhibition rate constants these are: a) PAI-1, present in human plasma and platelet extracts and purified from human endothelial cell, fibrosarcoma cell and melanoma cell conditioned media; b) PAI-2, first identified in extracts of human placenta and later also in extracts and conditioned media of human granulocytes and monocytes; and c) protease nexin, a broad specificity protease inhibitor that was first identified and purified from human fibroblasts. We have chosen to use phorbol myristate acetate (30 ng/ml) stimulated histiocytic lymphoma cells (U-937) for the purification of PAI-2. The concentration of PAI-2 in the conditioned media after three days culture in the absence of fetal calf serum is 5 mg/1 and PAI-2 represents 3% of total protein. PAI-2 was purified by a two step procedure consisting of isoelectric focusing and affinity chromatography on Cibacron-Blue agarose. Two forms of PAI-2 were identified: a 47 kDa, nonglycosylated, pi 5.0 form and a 60 kDa glycosylated, pi 4.4 form. Immunctolot analysis and in vivo protein labeling studies under culture conditions that assure 100% viability of the cells showed that the glycosylated Torn is secreted, whereas the 47 kDa, nonglycosylated form remains intracellular. The glycosylation does not affect the activity of the inhibitors since both forms of PAI-2 react with the same rate with u-PA. PAI-2 is a fast inhibitor of u-PA (kl=9×l05M−1s−1) and two-chain t-PA (kl=2×l05) and a rather slow inhibitor of one chain t-PA (kl=l×l02) and of plasmin (kl×l02), but does not inhibit glandular and plasma kallikrein or thrombin. The inhibition spectrum and the kinetics of inhibition clearly distinguish PAI-2 from PAI-1 (kl of reaction with u-PA and two and one chain t-PA above 107) and from protease nexin, that is an efficient inhibitor also of thrombin and plasmin.We have cloned a 1880 Ip fragment of PAI-2 cDNA and determined its nucleotide sequence. The derived acid sequence reveals that PAI-2 is like PAI-1 and protease nexin a member of the serpin family of proteins and contains arginine at its putative active site. In an attenpt to identify parts of the inhibitor proteins that are responsible for conferring PA specificity to PAI-1 and PAI-2 we have compared the primary structures of PAI-1 and PAI-2 with each other and with antithrombin III (AT III). Surprisingly, PAI-2 exhibits no homology with PAI-1 in the region close to the active site except for the active site arginine, whereas, in that region, AT III showed three and seven conserved aminoacids when compared to PAI-1 and PAI-2, respectively. This finding suggests that other regions than those close to the active site contribute to the specificity of PAIs.Plasma concentrations of PAI-2 were measured by a specific radioimmunoassay in over 50 healthy individuals, PAI-2 levels were below detection limit (15 ng/ml) in half of the saitples. Maximal concentrations encountered were in the 30 ng/ml range. PAI-2 measurements in over 300 hospitalized patients demonstrated significantly elevated PAI-2 concentrations only in pregnant women. Measurements in various stages of pregnancy showed a steady increase of PAI-2 from below detection limit in nonpregnant women to values of 250 ng/ml at term and of PAI-1 frcm 25 ng/ml to 150 ng/ml. Unlike to PAI-1 concentrations that normalize rapidly after delivery, PAI-2 concentrations remain significantly elevated for several days.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

de Four, N. J., R. M. Bertina, and F. Havgrkate. "STIMULATION OF FIBRINOLYSIS BY ACTIVATED PROTEIN C (APC)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642961.

Full text
Abstract:
In 1960 Mammen and Seegers reported the discovery of a new protein (autoprothrombin II-A, APC) with both anticoagulant and profibrinolytic activity. They found that APC accelerated clot lysis in vitro and proposed that this was due to a reduction of plasmin - inhibitory activity. Many years later Comp et al (J Clin Inv 68: 1221) reported that the infusion of APC into dogs resulted in an increase in circulating plasminogen activator activity. This observation stimulated more extensive studies of the profibrinolytic effects of APC.In our laboratories we have studied the effect of human APC on clot lysis both in whole blood (human) and in a system of purified human proteins. In these systems 125I-labelled fibrinogen was incorporated in a clot formed after the addition of Jombin (complete clot formation within 5 min) and the subsequent lysis of this clot was followed by measuring the release of I-labelled fibrin degradation products (FDP) into the supernatant. Human t-PA was added to the system to achieve complete lysis of the clot within a few hours.When APC was added to citrated whole blood before clot formation, it was found to accelerate clot lysis in a dose dependent way. This effeg| was specific for APC and dependent on an intact active site, on the presence of protein S (the protein cofactor of APC) and Ca . The presence of APC did not influence the composition of the FDP formed, as analysed by means of SDS-polyacry-1 amide gel electroforesis, and its effect was found to be independent of the presence or absence of a.-antiplasmin.Subsequently we developped a clot lysis system using the purified human proteins of the fibrinolytic system: fibrinogen, FXIII, t-PA, PAI-1 (from human endothelial cells), glu-plasminogen and a -antiplasmin. In this system clot lysis was dependent on the concentrations of plasminogen, -antiplasmin, t-PA and PAI-1, but independent on the thrombin concentration and the presence or absence of phospholipids (purified from human brain). In the absence of PAI-1, no effect of APC on clot lysis was observed. However, in the presence of PAI-1, APC accelerated clot lysis. This effect was independent of the presence or absence of phospholipids and/or protein S and could be explained by the observation that APC can form a complex with PAI-1 (~ 95 kd) and under certain conditions even can convert active PAI-1 (~ 46 kd) into an inactive degradation product (~ 42 kd). However, complex formation is relatively slow anti high PAI-1 concentrations are needed to observe the reaction. The addition of protein S or phospholipids in the presence of Ca did not stimulate complex formation. Therefore, it seems highly unlikely that neutralization of PAI-1 by APC is responsible for the profibrinolytic effect of APC in the whole blood clot lysis.A completely different explanation for the profibrinolytic effect of APC was suggested by the observation that the addition of blood-platelets to the system of purified fibrinolytic components introduced a dependence of the clot lysis rate on the thrombin concentration (decrease in clot lysis at increasing thrombin concentration). This finding opened the possibility that APC stimulated fibrinolysis by reducing the effective thrombin concentration. Subsequent experiments using the whole blood clot lysis system revealed that in the presence of anti-FX antibodies clot lysis was no longer accelerated by APC, while the actual rate of clot lysis depended on the concentration of thrombin added.We like to propose, that in a blood clot lysis system APC most likely accelerates fibrinolysis by reducing the effective thrombin concentration; if at all, neutralization of PAI-1 may play only a minor role.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Jones, Matthew R., Vladimir P. Solovjov, and Brent W. Webb. "Diffusion Modeling of the Radiative Transfer in a Non-Absorbing Foam Layer." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41828.

Full text
Abstract:
Techniques for determining the properties foam are of interest due to the number of industrial process in which they play a significant role. A technique known as diffusing-wave spectroscopy has shown promise as a method for determining the radiative properties of foam. In diffusing-wave spectroscopy, an amplitude modulated laser beam is injected into the foam layer, and the reflected flux and the phase shift between the incident and the reflected beams are measured. Relationships between these measurable quantities and the radiative properties of the foam are derived using the diffusion approximation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the conditions for which the diffusion approximation accurately predicts the time dependent reflectance of a laser pulse from the surface of a non-absorbing from layer. The accuracy of the diffusion approximation is assessed by comparison with Monte Carlo simulations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Buy Now Pay Later"

1

Ivashina, Victoria, and Josh Lerner. Pay Now or Pay Later?: The Economics within the Private Equity Partnership. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22660.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Rosenwald, Robert A. Operational Art and the Wargame: Play Now or Pay Later. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada233925.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bucy, Russell A. Army Base Operations and 0MB A-76: Save Now - Pay Later? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada383591.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Goodman, Alissa, and Greg Kaplan. 'Study now, pay later' or 'HE for free'? An assessment of alternative proposals for higher education finance. Institute for Fiscal Studies, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2003.0094.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Levantovych, Oksana. COVID 19 MEDIA COVERAGE: AN ANALYSIS OF HEORHII POCHEPTSOV’S VIEW. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11061.

Full text
Abstract:
The article analyses the peculiarities of the coverage of the covid pandemic in the Ukrainian media, the emphasis placed by the media in news, and how the online mode of modern life and social distancing affects the growth of media influence. Special attention is paid to the view of the famous publicist Heorhii Pocheptsov, who does not exclude the possibility that the coronavirus was invented intentionally to control millions of people around the world. Permanently, the world faces numerous challenges of different scales: economic, military, socio-political, environmental, epidemiological ones. In 2020, the largest and the most unexpected event, undoubtedly, was the deadly coronavirus pandemic, which spread from the small Chinese province of Wuhan to the whole world and already took more than one million people’s lives in less than a year. Thus, the media, that in the post-information society actually have an unprecedented impact on people, form a person’s perception of such challenges. As a result, our understanding of the pandemic is directly related to the information we consume from the media. In fact, from the very start of quarantine, the media space began to be captured by analytical materials in which experts from various fields tried to predict what the world would be like after the end of coronavirus. These experts were of two types: some claimed that irreversible changes would deepen the permanent economic and socio-political crisis, and by claiming that they intensified panic, while others argued that any crisis is a chance to restart and grow. The experts put different emphases covering the covid pandemic in the media, but it is important to pay attention to the analysis of the famous publicist, propaganda researcher – Heorhii Pocheptsov, who sees the coronavirus as a tool to influence millions of people. The pandemic will end sooner or later, but no matter whether the virus was artificially invented or not, the processes that have already been launched around the world cannot stop as if nothing had happened. But Heorhii Pocheptsov’s opinion about the possible artificial nature of the virus should make us more vigilant while consuming information from TVs or from the online media, as it is possible that this information might be a part of a great game that we were not warned about.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Roschelle, Jeremy, Britte Haugan Cheng, Nicola Hodkowski, Julie Neisler, and Lina Haldar. Evaluation of an Online Tutoring Program in Elementary Mathematics. Digital Promise, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/94.

Full text
Abstract:
Many students struggle with mathematics in late elementary school, particularly on the topic of fractions. In a best evidence syntheses of research on increasing achievement in elementary school mathematics, Pelligrini et al. (2018) highlighted tutoring as a way to help students. Online tutoring is attractive because costs may be lower and logistics easier than with face-to-face tutoring. Cignition developed an approach that combines online 1:1 tutoring with a fractions game, called FogStone Isle. The game provides students with additional learning opportunities and provides tutors with information that they can use to plan tutoring sessions. A randomized controlled trial investigated the research question: Do students who participate in online tutoring and a related mathematical game learn more about fractions than students who only have access to the game? Participants were 144 students from four schools, all serving low-income students with low prior mathematics achievement. In the Treatment condition, students received 20-25 minute tutoring sessions twice per week for an average of 18 sessions and also played the FogStone Isle game. In the Control condition, students had access to the game, but did not play it often. Control students did not receive tutoring. Students were randomly assigned to condition after being matched on pre-test scores. The same diagnostic assessment was used as a pre-test and as a post-test. The planned analysis looked for differences in gain scores ( post-test minus pre-test scores) between conditions. We conducted a t-test on the aggregate gain scores, comparing conditions; the results were statistically significant (t = 4.0545, df = 132.66, p-value < .001). To determine an effect size, we treated each site as a study in a meta-analysis. Using gain scores, the effect size was g=+.66. A more sophisticated treatment of the pooled standard deviation resulted in a corrected effect size of g=.46 with a 95% confidence interval of [+.23,+.70]. Students who received online tutoring and played the related Fog Stone Isle game learned more; our research found the approach to be efficacious. The Pelligrini et al. (2018) meta-analysis of elementary math tutoring programs found g = .26 and was based largely on face-to-face tutoring studies. Thus, this study compares favorably to prior research on face-to-face mathematics tutoring with elementary students. Limitations are discussed; in particular, this is an initial study of an intervention under development. Effects could increase or decrease as development continues and the program scales. Although this study was planned long before the current pandemic, results are particularly timely now that many students are at home under shelter-in-place orders due to COVID-19. The approach taken here is feasible for students at home, with tutors supporting them from a distance. It is also feasible in many other situations where equity could be addressed directly by supporting students via online tutors.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Guidati, Gianfranco, and Domenico Giardini. Joint synthesis “Geothermal Energy” of the NRP “Energy”. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp70_nrp71.2020.4.en.

Full text
Abstract:
Near-to-surface geothermal energy with heat pumps is state of the art and is already widespread in Switzerland. In the future energy system, medium-deep to deep geothermal energy (1 to 6 kilometres) will, in addition, play an important role. To the forefront is the supply of heat for buildings and industrial processes. This form of geothermal energy utilisation requires a highly permeable underground area that allows a fluid – usually water – to absorb the naturally existing rock heat and then transport it to the surface. Sedimentary rocks are usually permeable by nature, whereas for granites and gneisses permeability must be artificially induced by injecting water. The heat gained in this way increases in line with the drilling depth: at a depth of 1 kilometre, the underground temperature is approximately 40°C, while at a depth of 3 kilometres it is around 100°C. To drive a steam turbine for the production of electricity, temperatures of over 100°C are required. As this requires greater depths of 3 to 6 kilometres, the risk of seismicity induced by the drilling also increases. Underground zones are also suitable for storing heat and gases, such as hydrogen or methane, and for the definitive storage of CO2. For this purpose, such zones need to fulfil similar requirements to those applicable to heat generation. In addition, however, a dense top layer is required above the reservoir so that the gas cannot escape. The joint project “Hydropower and geo-energy” of the NRP “Energy” focused on the question of where suitable ground layers can be found in Switzerland that optimally meet the requirements for the various uses. A second research priority concerned measures to reduce seismicity induced by deep drilling and the resulting damage to buildings. Models and simulations were also developed which contribute to a better understanding of the underground processes involved in the development and use of geothermal resources. In summary, the research results show that there are good conditions in Switzerland for the use of medium-deep geothermal energy (1 to 3 kilometres) – both for the building stock and for industrial processes. There are also grounds for optimism concerning the seasonal storage of heat and gases. In contrast, the potential for the definitive storage of CO2 in relevant quantities is rather limited. With respect to electricity production using deep geothermal energy (> 3 kilometres), the extent to which there is potential to exploit the underground economically is still not absolutely certain. In this regard, industrially operated demonstration plants are urgently needed in order to boost acceptance among the population and investors.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Buy Now Pay Later' for particular source types:
Journal articles Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography