Journal articles: 'BWM'

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Vijayaraghavan, Thiruvengadam, Amit Rajesh, and Karthikeyan Sankaralingam. "MPU-BWM: Accelerating Sequence Alignment." IEEE Computer Architecture Letters 17, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lca.2018.2849064.

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Bailey, Stewart I., Pietro Bartolozzi, Rudolf Bertagnoli, Stefano Boriani, Ad F. A. van Beurden, Anthony T. Cross, Hans P. Friedl, et al. "The BWM Spinal Fixator System." Spine 21, no. 17 (September 1996): 2006–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199609010-00016.

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Pamučar, Dragan, Fatih Ecer, Goran Cirovic, and Melfi A. Arlasheedi. "Application of Improved Best Worst Method (BWM) in Real-World Problems." Mathematics 8, no. 8 (August 11, 2020): 1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8081342.

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The Best Worst Method (BWM) represents a powerful tool for multi-criteria decision-making and defining criteria weight coefficients. However, while solving real-world problems, there are specific multi-criteria problems where several criteria exert the same influence on decision-making. In such situations, the traditional postulates of the BWM imply the defining of one best criterion and one worst criterion from within a set of observed criteria. In this paper, an improvement of the traditional BWM that eliminates this problem is presented. The improved BWM (BWM-I) offers the possibility for decision-makers to express their preferences even in cases where there is more than one best and worst criterion. The development enables the following: (1) the BWM-I enables us to express experts’ preferences irrespective of the number of the best/worst criteria in a set of evaluation criteria; (2) the application of the BWM-I reduces the possibility of making a mistake while comparing pairs of criteria, which increases the reliability of the results; and (3) the BWM-I is characterized by its flexibility, which is expressed through the possibility of the realistic processing of experts’ preferences irrespective of the number of the criteria that have the same significance and the possibility of the transformation of the BWM-I into the traditional BWM (should there be a unique best/worst criterion). To present the applicability of the BWM-I, it was applied to defining the weight coefficients of the criteria in the field of renewable energy and their ranking.

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Kocak, Huseyin, Atalay Caglar, and Gulin Zeynep Oztas. "Euclidean Best–Worst Method and Its Application." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 17, no. 05 (September 2018): 1587–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622018500323.

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In this study, we propose Euclidean best–worst method (Euclidean BWM), which does not require any other extra calculations and analysis compared to nonlinear Chebyshev BWM. Using numerical examples, we illustrate and discuss the efficiency of the Euclidean BWM based on minimizing Euclidean norm instead of Chebyshev norm and using the consistency index matrix. Obtained results show that Euclidean BWM is an efficient tool resulting in reliable unique solutions, regardless of the number of the criteria, comparing with the linear and nonlinear model of the Chebyshev BWM. Moreover, we develop a MAPLE package “BWM” using only pairwise comparison vectors as the arguments to obtain the unique solution of a given problem by both the Euclidean BWM and linear model of Chebyshev BWM.

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Majumder, Priyanka, Valentina Emilia Balas, Arnab Paul, and Dayarnab Baidya. "Application of improved fuzzy best worst analytic hierarchy process on renewable energy." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (April 13, 2021): e453. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.453.

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In this work, a novel fuzzy decision making technique namely trapezoidal fuzzy Best-Worst method (fuzzy BWM) is developed which is based on Best-Worst method (BWM) and Trapezoidal fuzzy number. The real motive behind our work is to take a broad view of the existing fuzzy BWM based on triangular fuzzy number by trapezoidal fuzzy number. Also, we have presented a new hybrid MCDM technique called as Trapezoidal fuzzy Best Worst Analytic Hierarchy based on proposed trapezoidal fuzzy BWM and existing trapezoidal fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). BWM approach is employed in evaluating the PV of considering criteria and trapezoidal fuzzy AHP is used to assess the local priority vale (PV) of considering alternatives (or indicators) of a decision problem. Moreover it used to identify the most significant alternative which is responsible for performance efficiency of a hydro power plant under climatic scenario. From the result, it is undoubtedly found that hydraulic had is most responsible indicator. Further, the CR (consistency ratio) value which is determined by our proposed trapezoidal fuzzy BWM is less than that of existing BWM and fuzzy BWM techniques. Finally, we have validated our result by comparative study, scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis.

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Zulfiandri, Mochammad Iffan, Hasbi Yasin, and Sudarno Sudarno. "PEMILIHAN SMARTPHONE TERBAIK PENUNJANG KEGIATAN AKADEMIS MENGGUNAKAN METODE BWM DAN PENGEMBANGAN AHP." Jurnal Gaussian 10, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/j.gauss.v10i1.30542.

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Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is a decision-making method to determine the best alternative from several alternatives based on several certain criteria. One of the alternative decision-making methods that can be used is the Best Worst Method (BWM) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). BWM makes structured pairwise comparisons and AHP breaks down complex problems into hierarchical structures. One of the decision-making problems that can be solved by the BWM and AHP methods is the problem of choosing a smartphone. Smartphones are one of the most widely used Information and Communication Technology (ICT) devices by Indonesians. The use of smartphones as ICT devices has benefits for the academic community, especially as a means of supporting academic activities. However, various types and mereks of smartphones are circulating, making users confused about choosing the best smartphone according to their needs. Therefore, a reliable method is needed to make it easier for users to choose the best smartphone, especially in supporting academic activities, namely by using a combination of the BWM method and AHP development. The BWM method is used to calculate the optimal weight of the criteria and the AHP method that has been developed is used to calculate the alternative optimal weight based on the criteria. The combination of the two is used to calculate the final optimal weight for each alternative. The results of the calculation of the optimal weight of the criteria show that the RAM criterion has the highest weight, which is 0.290 and the Screen Size criterion has the lowest weight, which is 0.047. The final result obtained is a smartphone type OPPO Find X2 with a final optimal weight of 0.153 to be the best alternative among other alternatives. Keywords: Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Best Worst Method (BWM), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Smartphones, Academic Activities

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Zhu, Guocheng, Shanshan Zhang, Yongning Bian, and Andrew S. Hursthouse. "Multi-linear regression model for chlorine consumption by waters." Environmental Engineering Research 26, no. 4 (September 2, 2020): 200402–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.402.

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In drinking water treatment, disinfection is a key step to ensure the safety of water quality and people's health but little is known of the relationship between chlorine consumption and water matrix properties from varied sources (BWM). In this study, we measured the fluorescence from fractions of NOM (FFN) for the relevant BWM. This included the evaluation of three components: the chlorine-dependence factor (CDF) (DOC and NH3-N), the BWM (such as NO3-, NO2- and turbidity), and FFN (I-V fluorescence fractions). Multi-linear regression model was used to fit the data. Results showed that when using the CDF, BWM and FNN, in the prediction of chlorine consumption showed the (R2) values were 0.72, 0.71 and 0.41, respectively. While the FNN did not fit the model well it did enhance the model using CDF by 11.26%. The FNN is not effective in enhancement of the BWM response to the model. Combination of the CDF, BWM and FNN or that of the CDF and BWM were both effective in prediction of chlorine consumption.

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Safitri, Revita Adelia, and Raditya Sukmana. "EFEKTIVITAS BANK WAKAF MIKRO DALAM MENGURANGI KEMISKINAN (Studi Kasus LKMS Denanyar Sumber Barokah)." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 10 (January 18, 2020): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss201910pp1936-1952.

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This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Bank Wakaf Mikro (BWM) in reducing poverty. The case study approach on LKMS Denanyar Sumber Barokah. This study uses quantitative methods conducted by questionnaire tools to collect the data. The sampling method used was purposive sampling method and obtained 84 people. This study goes beyond data measurement using paired sample t-test. The findings of this study is BWM financing is effective in reducing poverty. Most of respondents can increase their income after receiving BWM financing. The results of this study indicate that products of BWM have helped the customers in reducing their poverty.Keywords: Sharia Microfinance, Micro Waqf Bank, Poverty

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Salimi, Negin. "Quality assessment of scientific outputs using the BWM." Scientometrics 112, no. 1 (February 16, 2017): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2284-3.

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Rozalinda, Rozalinda, and Nurhasnah Nurhasnah. "Bank Wakaf Mikro: The Operations and Its Role Towards Muslim Community Economic Empowerment in Islamic Boarding School." Islam Realitas: Journal of Islamic & Social Studies 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/islam_realitas.v6i1.3119.

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Many poor people cannot access financial services because they are seen as unbankable. Bank Wakaf Mikro (BWM) is established to address this issue. This study aims to dissect the operation of BWM and its role on community economic empowerment. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive study, conducted at BWM in West Sumatra, Yogyakarta, Central Java and East Java. Data collection techniques are done by interview, observations and documentation data. All data are analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that BWM is a Sharia Microfinance Institution (LKMS) incorporated as a cooperative. The empowerment model carried out by BWM is to provide financing and assistance with the potential productive poor market segments around the Islamic boarding school. Distribution of funding and assistance uses a group approach to the joint responsibility system. In its journey, BWM has shown its role in community economic empowerment through providing training to prospective customers, then channeling financing to customers who pass the group feasibility test and provide assistance to customers who receive financing through weekly halaqah activities.Banyak masyarakat miskin tidak dapat mengakses jasa keuangan karena mereka dipandang unbankable. Bank Wakaf Mikro (BWM) didirikan untuk menjawab persoalan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan membedah operasional BWM dan peranya terhadap pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dilakukan pada BWM yang ada di Sumatera Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Timur. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan data dokumentasi. Seluruh data ditela’ah dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan BWM merupakan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah (LKMS) berbadan hukum koperasi. Model pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh BWM adalah menyediakan pembiayaan dan pendampingan dengan segmen pasar masyarakat miskin potensial produktif yang berada di sekitar pondok pesantren. Penyaluran pembiayaan dan pendampingan menggunakan pendekatan kelompok dengan sistem tanggung renteng. Dalam perjalannya BWM sudah menunjukkan perannya dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui pemberian pelatihan kepada calon nasabah, kemudian menyalurkan pembiayaan kepada nasabah yang lulus uji kelayakan kelompok dan memberikan pendampingan kepada nasabah yang menerima pembiayaan melalui kegiatan halaqah mingguan.

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Tambun, Rondang, Piety Sibagariang, Brigitta Alphantaria, and Ahmad Mulia Rambe. "Droplet size distribution measurement of water in kerosene by the buoyancy weighing-bar method." MATEC Web of Conferences 154 (2018): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815401016.

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The buoyancy weighing-bar method (BWM) is a method that requires a simple apparatus set up yet produce the high accuracy result in particle size distribution measurement both settling and floating particles. The principle of this experiment that measurement the density change in a suspension due to particle migration is measured by weighing buoyancy against a weighing bar hung in the suspension, and the particle size distribution is calculated using the length of the weighing bar and the time–course change in the apparent mass of the weighing bar. In this study, the BWM was applied to determine the separation time and droplet size distribution for liquid-liquid systems with the different density. The mixture of 99 % of kerosene and 1 % of water were used as samples. The data obtained of separation time of water-kerosene mixture by the BWM were analyzed by the gas chromatography, and the droplet size distributions were compared to Coulter counter method. Based on the data obtained, the BWM could be used to determine the optimal time of waterkerosene separation. The BWM also could measure the droplet size distribution of water in kerosene and the data obtained were comparable to that measured by Coulter counter method. Hence, the BWM is a novel method in separation time determination of water-kerosene mixture and droplet size distribution measurement of water in kerosene.

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Jiahui, Shi, Xu Jihui, Liu Tengfei, Zhang Jing, Zhu Pu, and Yang Chunlin. "Risk assessment of heavy landing based on BWM and cloud model." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 01060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125301060.

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Aiming at the systemic, ambiguity and randomness characteristics of the aircraft's heavy landing risk, this paper starts from the system perspective and proposes a risk assessment method based on the Best- Worst method (BWM) and cloud model. Aiming at the ambiguity and randomness of the information in the risk assessment, the cloud model is used to describe the language. In view of the difference in weights, combining BWM and cloud models for weighting. Finally, an example is given to ver ify the reasonableness and effectiveness of the model.

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Haseli, Gholamreza, Reza Sheikh, Jianqiang Wang, Hana Tomaskova, and Erfan Babaee Tirkolaee. "A Novel Approach for Group Decision Making Based on the Best–Worst Method (G-BWM): Application to Supply Chain Management." Mathematics 9, no. 16 (August 7, 2021): 1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9161881.

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Due to the complexity of real-world multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) issues, analyzing different opinions from a group of decision makers needs to ensure appropriate decision making. The group decision-making methods collect preferences of the decision makers and present the best preferences using mathematical equations. The best–worst method (BWM) is one of the recently introduced MCDM methods that requires fewer pairwise comparisons to obtain the criteria weights than the other MCDM methods. In this research, we develop a novel approach to group decision-making problems based on the BWM called G-BWM. This approach helps us to analyze the preferences of decision makers to carry out democratic decision making using the BWM structure. In order to assess the applicability of the proposed methodology and represent its novelty, two numerical examples from the literature with the application to supply chain management (SCM) (i.e., green supplier selection and supplier development/segmentation) are examined and discussed. The results demonstrate the performance of our proposed G-BWM for group decision making in terms of a large number of decision makers, ease of use and achieving democratic decisions in the decision-making process.

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Rezaei, Jafar. "A Concentration Ratio for Nonlinear Best Worst Method." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 19, no. 03 (May 2020): 891–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622020500170.

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Best Worst Method (BWM) is a multi-criteria decision-making method that is based on a structured pairwise comparison system. It uses two pairwise comparison vectors (best-to-others and others-to-worst) as input for an optimization model to get the optimal weights of the criteria (or alternatives). The original BWM involves a nonlinear model that sometimes results in multiple optimal weights meaning that the weight of each criterion is presented as an interval. The aim of this paper is to introduce a ratio, called concentration ratio, to check the concentration of the optimal intervals obtained from the nonlinear BWM. The relationship between the concentration ratio and the consistency ratio is investigated and it is found that the concentration ratio along with the consistency ratio of the model provides enhanced insights into the reliability and flexibility of the results of BWM.

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Hino, Kimihiro, and Themis Chronopoulos. "A review of crime prevention activities in a Japanese local government area since 2008: Beautiful Windows Movement in Adachi Ward." Crime Prevention and Community Safety 23, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 341–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41300-021-00118-w.

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AbstractThere have been limited reports on crime prevention policies by local governments in Japan, which is one of the safest countries in the world. This article reviews crime prevention policies in Adachi Ward, which used to have the highest crime rates in Tokyo. The government of Adachi Ward introduced the “Beautiful Windows Movement” (BWM) in 2008. Based on BWM, Adachi Ward implemented various programs and interventions based on two different aspects: the aspect of preventing minor crimes and disorder in partnership with the police referring to the Broken Windows Theory and the aspect of literally making the Ward beautiful in cooperation with citizen volunteers. After 11 years of implementing BWM, the number of recorded crimes in Adachi Ward declined the most in Tokyo and residents’ sense of security improved significantly. This case study highlights the advantage of the duality of BWM to both reduce crimes and improve residents’ sense of security.

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Gan, Jiawu, Shuqi Zhong, Sen Liu, and Dan Yang. "Resilient Supplier Selection Based on Fuzzy BWM and GMo-RTOPSIS under Supply Chain Environment." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2019 (April 7, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2456260.

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Resilient suppliers can reduce supply chain risk, effectively avoid supply chain disruption, and bring profits to enterprises. However, there is no united measuring index system to evaluate the resilient supplier under supply chain environment, and the assessment language sets are usually crisp values. Therefore, in order to fill the research gap, this paper proposes a hybrid method, which combines triangular fuzzy number, the best-worst method (BWM), and the modular TOPSIS in random environments for group decision-making (GMo-RTOPSIS) to solve the above problem. Firstly, the weight of decision-maker is calculated by using fuzzy BWM which can deal with triangular fuzzy numbers. Secondly, triangular fuzzy number is introduced into GMo-RTOPSIS, and combined with fuzzy BWM, alternatives are sorted to select the best resilient supply chain partner. Finally, the feasibility and universality of this method are proved by illustrative examples.

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Deng, Fumin, Yanjie Li, Huirong Lin, Jinrui Miao, and Xuedong Liang. "A BWM-TOPSIS Hazardous Waste Inventory Safety Risk Evaluation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 10, 2020): 5765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165765.

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Hazardous waste can cause severe environmental pollution if not disposed of properly, which in turn can seriously affect the sustainable development of the entire ecology and will inevitably bring disaster to companies. However, because of limited available disposal capacity, it is often difficult to safely dispose of hazardous waste, meaning that it must be kept as passive inventory. For the passive inventory of hazardous waste, risk evaluation of safe operation of the inventory is crucial and urgently needs to be resolved. Based on this, this paper focuses on the risk management of hazardous waste inventory of waste-producing companies and proposes a risk evaluation system for safely dealing with hazardous waste inventory, which expands the scope of inventory safety management and provides guidance to companies on developing appropriate measures to ensure hazardous waste inventory safety. First, the risk evaluation index system for hazardous waste inventory is constructed from equipment, management level, nature of hazardous waste and operational aspects. Then, the best worst method (BWM) is employed to calculate the criteria weights and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is employed to rank the alternatives. Finally, risk evaluation on four waste-producing companies was conducted using the developed method. The results show that Case Company 4 has the greatest risk of hazardous waste inventory, which should be reduced by improving storage method and the amount of hazardous waste. It was found that the proposed evaluation system was effective for hazardous waste inventory safety risk assessments and that the designed index system could assist companies improve their hazardous waste inventory management.

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Grimm, Uwe, and S. Ole Warnaar. "Solvable RSOS models based on the dilute BWM algebra." Nuclear Physics B 435, no. 3 (February 1995): 482–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(94)00405-4.

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Rashid, Tabasam, Asif Ali, Juan L. G. Guirao, and Adrián Valverde. "Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Fuzzy MCGDM Methodologies for Optimal Robot Selection Process." Symmetry 13, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13050839.

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The generalized interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy best-worst method (GITrF-BWM) provides more reliable and more consistent criteria weights for multiple criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problems. In this study, GITrF-BWM is integrated with the extended TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution) and extended VIKOR (visekriterijumska optimizacija i kompromisno resenje) methods for the selection of the optimal industrial robot using fuzzy information. For a criteria-based selection process, assigning weights play a vital role and significantly affect the decision. Assigning weights based on direct opinions of decision makers can be biased, so weight deriving models, such as GITrF-BWM, overcome this discrepancy. In previous studies, generalized interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy weights were not derived by using any MCGDM method for the robot selection process. For this study, both subjective and objective criteria are considered. The preferences of decision makers are provided with the help of linguistic terms that are then converted into fuzzy information. The stability and reliability of the methods were tested by performing sensitivity analysis, which showed that the ranking results of both the methodologies are not symmetrical, and the integration of GITrF-BWM with the extended TOPSIS method provides stable and reliable results as compared to the integration of GITrF-BWM with the extended VIKOR method. Hence, the proposed methodology provides robust optimal industrial robot selection.

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Tu, Yan, Kai Chen, Huayi Wang, and Zongmin Li. "Regional Water Resources Security Evaluation Based on a Hybrid Fuzzy BWM-TOPSIS Method." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 10, 2020): 4987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144987.

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Nowadays, water resource security is becoming increasingly prominent, and this problem is a primary bottleneck restricting China’s future sustainable development. It is difficult to come to a unified conclusion on water resources security, and applications of highly feasible evaluation methods are lacking in practice. In this paper, a novel evaluation methodology is proposed for regional water resources security evaluation. First, water security is divided into two aspects: water quantity security and water quality security. The disposal rate of harmless household garbage, the excellent water resources proportion, and the functional water body loss proportion are creatively considered as indicators of water quality security in the evaluation system. In addition, a Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is used to evaluate the water security levels in different regions. For distinguishing the importance of different indicators, a Best–Worst Method (BWM) is employed to calculate the indicator weights, as triangular fuzzy linguistic sets can more flexibly describe the preferences of decision makers (DMs) regarding the indicators; therefore, it is embedded in BWM to determine indicator weights. Moreover, the fuzzy BWM-TOPSIS method is applied to evaluate the water security levels of six regions in North China, a comparison analysis with the equal weight TOPSIS method as well as the fuzzy BWM-AHP method, and a sensitivity analysis for indicator weights are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this proposed method. Finally, some suggestions based on the evaluation results are given for effective and rational utilization of water resources in North China.

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Yazdani, Morteza, Ali Ebadi Torkayesh, and Prasenjit Chatterjee. "An integrated decision-making model for supplier evaluation in public healthcare system: the case study of a Spanish hospital." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 33, no. 5 (July 9, 2020): 965–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-09-2019-0294.

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PurposeIn this study, an integrated decision-making model consisting of decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), best worst method (BWM) and a modified version of evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) methods is proposed for supplier selection problem in a public procurement system considering sustainable development goals.Design/methodology/approachDEMATEL and BWM methods are used to determine weights of the criteria that are defined for the supplier selection problem. Weight aggregation method is applied to combine the weights obtained from these two methods. A modified version of EDAS method is then used in order to rank the alternative suppliers.FindingsThe proposed decision-making model is investigated for a supplier selection problem for a hospital in Spain. The validity of the results is checked using comparison with other decision-making methods and several performance analysis tests.Practical implicationsThe proposed multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model contributes to the healthcare supply chain management (SCM) and aims to lead the policy makers in selecting the best supplier.Originality/valueThere is no such study that combines DEMATEL and BWM together for weight generation. The application of the modified EDAS method is also new. In real time situations, the decision experts may confront to the difficulty of using BWM while identifying the best and the worst criteria choices. The idea of using DEMATEL is to aid the experts to make them enable in distinguishing between the best/worst criteria and handle BWM easily.

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Karbassi Yazdi, Amir, Peter Fernandes Wanke, Thomas Hanne, and Eleonora Bottani. "A decision-support approach under uncertainty for evaluating reverse logistics capabilities of healthcare providers in Iran." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 33, no. 5 (September 5, 2020): 991–1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-09-2019-0299.

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PurposeThis paper aims to assess and prioritize manufacturing companies in the healthcare industry based on critical success factors (CSFs) of their reverse logistics (RL). The research involves seven medical device companies located in the Tehran Province, Iran.Design/methodology/approachTo identify and prioritize companies based on CSFs of RL, the study proposes a three-phase decision-making framework that integrates the Delphi method, the best-worst method (BWM) and the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method with Z-numbers. The weights required for this method are obtained by a variant of the BWM based on Z-numbers, denoted as Z-numbers Best-Worst Method, or ZBWM. Since decision-makers face an uncertain environment, Z-numbers, which are a kind of fuzzy numbers, are applied.FindingsFirst, after customizing CSFs by the Delphi method and obtaining 15 CSFs of RL, these are ranked by the hybrid BWM-ARAS method with Z-numbers. Results reveal which company appears to perform best with respect to their RL implementations. Based on this result, healthcare device companies should choose the highest priority company based on the selected RL CSFs and results from using the BWM-ARAS method with Z-numbers.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is using a hybrid ARAS-BWM method based on Z-numbers. Each of these methods has some merits compared to other similar methods. The combination of these methods contributes a new approach for prioritizing companies based on RL CSFs with high accuracy and reliability.

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Mohamed, Nor Atiqah, Mohd Rozi Ahmad, Muhammad Ismail Abd Kadir, Asmida Ismail, and Wan Yunus Wan Ahmad. "Dyeing of Silk Fabric with Extracted Dyes from Lichens." Advanced Materials Research 1134 (December 2015): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.165.

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Two lichens species (ParmotremapraesorediosumandHeterodermialeucomelos)were assessed for dye production using boiling water method (BWM) and ammonia fermentation method (AFM). The dyes were applied on silk fabric. Three types of mordant were used i.e. alum, iron and vinegar through meta-chrome (simultaneous) method of natural dyeing. The K/S values, colour coordinates values and colour differences (ΔE) of the dyed samples were measured. Dyeing fastness properties of the dyed silk fabrics were assessed for washing, rubbing and light. TheP.praesorediosumextracts yielded beige to dull brown shades using BWM and pinkish-purple using AFM, whereas theH.leucomelosextracts produced yellowish-brown shades for both BWM and AFM on the silk substrate. Modanting seemed to be effective in increasing the K/S values of all mordanted fabrics except in the case of silk fabric dyed withP.praesorediosumextracted from AFM. Fastness ratings to washing and rubbing were all very good (5-4) for bothP.praesorediosumandH.leucomelosdyed silk fabrics. The fabrics dyed withP.praesorediosumandH.leucomelosextracts produced strong and deep colours as their ΔE values were higher and increased obviously of all mordanted fabrics. It can be concluded thatP.praesorediosumandH.leucomelosextracted from BWM and AFM methods can be used as an alternative dye source.

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Meyer, Becky Weller, Sachin Jain, and Kathy Canfield-Davis. "The Effect of Parenthood Education on Self-Efficacy and Parent Effectiveness in an Alternative High School Student Population." Professional Counselor 1, no. 1 (March 2011): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15241/bwm.1.1.29.

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Peng, Heng-ming, Xiao-kang Wang, Tie-li Wang, Ya-hua Liu, and Jian-qiang Wang. "A Multi-Criteria Decision Support Framework for Inland Nuclear Power Plant Site Selection under Z-Information: A Case Study in Hunan Province of China." Mathematics 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8020252.

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To promote the development of nuclear power project in inland China, a specialized multi-criteria decision support framework is constructed for the site selection of inland nuclear power plants in this work. The best worst method (BWM), decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) are integrated with Z-numbers, namely Z-BWM, Z-DEMATEL, and Z-TOPSIS. Z-BWM and Z-DEMATEL are combined to produce the weights of criteria, and an extended Z-TOPSIS is utilized to determine the ranking of all alternatives. Finally, a case study is performed in Hunan province to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed decision support framework. The robustness and feasibility of the proposed method are shown by an in-depth analysis of the decision results.

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Grimm, U., and S. O. Warnaar. "Yang-Baxter algebras based on the two-colour BWM algebra." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 28, no. 24 (December 21, 1995): 7197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/28/24/017.

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GOEL, MANISHA, RAJIV SINDWANI, and Ashwarya Kapoor. "Assessing Inhibitors to adoption of m-wallet: A BWM Approach." International Journal of Business Excellence 1, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbex.2021.10038477.

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Li, Xinlong, Yan Ran, Hui Yu, Yifan Chen, and Genbao Zhang. "Maintenance decision of meta-action unit based on Grey-BWM." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1043, no. 3 (January 1, 2021): 032032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1043/3/032032.

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Suminski, Richard R., Gregory M. Dominick, and Eric Plautz. "Validation of the Block Walk Method for Assessing Physical Activity occurring on Sidewalks/Streets." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (May 31, 2019): 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111927.

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The block walk method (BWM) is one of the more common approaches for assessing physical activity (PA) performed on sidewalks/streets; however, it is non-technical, labor-intensive, and lacks validation. This study aimed to validate the BWM and examine the potential for using a wearable video device (WVD) to assess PA occurring on sidewalks/streets. Trained observers (one wearing and one not wearing the WVD) walked together and performed the BWM according to a previously developed protocol along routes in low, medium, and high walkable areas. Two experts then reviewed the videos. A total of 1150 (traditional) and 1087 (video review) individuals were observed during 900 min of observation. When larger numbers of individuals were observed, the traditional method overestimated the overall number of people as well as those walking and sitting/standing, while underestimating the number of runners. Valid estimates of PA occurring on sidewalks/streets can be obtained by the traditional BWM in low and medium walkability areas and/or with non-common activities (cycling); however, its validity is questionable when sidewalks/streets use volume is high. The use of WVDs in PA assessment has the potential to establish new levels of accuracy, reduce resource requirements, and open up the possibility for retrospective analysis.

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Siska Lis Sulistiani, Muhammad Yunus, and Eva Misfah Bayuni. "Aspek hukum Bank Wakaf Mikro dalam pengentasan kemiskinan berbasis pesantren di Indonesia." Jurnal Bimas Islam 12, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37302/jbi.v12i1.86.

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Wakaf memainkan peran ekonomi dan sosial yang sangat penting dalam sejarah Islam. Wakaf berfungsi sebagai sumber pembiayaan bagi sarana ibadah, pendidikan, pelayanan sosial dan pertahanan. Banyak pengembangan sektor ekonomi Islam atau perbankan syariah yang dikaitkan dengan wakaf, tidak terkecuali di tahun 2017 Pemerintah bersama OJK menginisiasi adanya Bank Wakaf Mikro sebagai upaya menjawab permasalahan kemiskinan, yang bekerjasama dengan lembaga berbasis pesantren di Indonesia. Istilah Bank wakaf mikro dipilih karena pihak pemerintah mengharapkan agar inti dari dana yang disebar ke masyarakat tetap terjaga intinya tanpa mengurangi manfaatnya, selain itu dinamai Bank Wakaf Mikro dikarenakan operasi BWM ini berada di lingkungan pesantren. Selama perkembangannya BWM ini, menggunakan istilah bank wakaf mikro dalam penamaan lembaganya akan tetapi dari dasar hukum dan bentuk dari badan hukumnya justru sangat jauh dari penamaannya.Badan hukum dari BWM ini adalah Koperasi, sedangkan izin usaha BWM adalah lembaga keuangan mikro syariah sehingga pengawasannya berada di bawah Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative dengan menggunakan data sekunder dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Kata kunci: Hukum, Bank, Wakaf, Mikro, Indonesia. Abstract Waqf plays a very important economic and social role in Islamic history, waqf serves as a source of funding for religious facilities, education, social services and defense. Many developments in the Islamic economic sector or Islamic banking are associated with waqf, not least in 2017 The Government and OJK initiated the Micro Waqf Bank as an effort to address the problem of poverty, in collaboration with pesantren-based institutions in Indonesia. The term micro waqf bank was chosen because the government expects that the core of the funds distributed to the community is maintained intact without reducing its benefits, besides it is named the Micro Endowment Bank because the BWM operation is in the pesantren environment. During the development of this BWM, the term micro waqf bank was used in naming its institutions, but from the legal basis and form of legal entities it was very far from naming it. under the Financial Services Authority (OJK). This study uses a normative juridical research method using secondary data using qualitative descriptive analysis. Keywords: Law, Bank, Waqf, Micro, Indonesia.

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Žižović, Mališa, Dragan Pamučar, Goran Ćirović, Miodrag M. Žižović, and Boža D. Miljković. "A Model for Determining Weight Coefficients by Forming a Non-Decreasing Series at Criteria Significance Levels (NDSL)." Mathematics 8, no. 5 (May 8, 2020): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8050745.

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In this paper, a new method for determining weight coefficients by forming a non-decreasing series at criteria significance levels (the NDSL method) is presented. The NDLS method includes the identification of the best criterion (i.e., the most significant and most influential criterion) and the ranking of criteria in a decreasing series from the most significant to the least significant criterion. Criteria are then grouped as per the levels of significance within the framework of which experts express their preferences in compliance with the significance of such criteria. By employing this procedure, fully consistent results are obtained. In this paper, the advantages of the NDSL model are singled out through a comparison with the Best Worst Method (BWM) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) models. The advantages include the following: (1) the NDSL model requires a significantly smaller number of pairwise comparisons of criteria, only involving an n − 1 comparison, whereas the AHP requires an n(n − 1)/2 comparison and the BWM a 2n − 3 comparison; (2) it enables us to obtain reliable (consistent) results, even in the case of a larger number of criteria (more than nine criteria); (3) the NDSL model applies an original algorithm for grouping criteria according to the levels of significance, through which the deficiencies of the 9-degree scale applied in the BWM and AHP models are eliminated. By doing so, the small range and inconsistency of the 9-degree scale are eliminated; (4) while the BWM includes the defining of one unique best/worst criterion, the NDSL model eliminates this limitation and gives decision-makers the freedom to express the relationships between criteria in accordance with their preferences. In order to demonstrate the performance of the developed model, it was tested on a real-world problem and the results were validated through a comparison with the BWM and AHP models.

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Tabatabaei, Mohammad Hashemi, Maghsoud Amiri, Mohammad Ghahremanloo, Mehdi Keshavarz-Ghorabaee, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, and Jurgita Antucheviciene. "Hierarchical Decision-making using a New Mathematical Model based on the Best-worst Method." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 14, no. 6 (November 27, 2019): 710–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2019.6.3675.

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Decision-making processes in different organizations often have a hierarchical and multilevel structure with various criteria and sub-criteria. The application of hierarchical decision-making has been increased in recent years in many different areas. Researchers have used different hierarchical decision-making methods through mathematical modeling. The best-worst method (BWM) is a multi-criteria evaluation methodology based on pairwise comparisons. In this paper, we introduce a new hierarchical BWM (HBWM) which consists of seven steps. In this new approach, the weights of the criteria and sub-criteria are obtained by using a novel integrated mathematical model. To analyze the proposed model, two numerical examples are provided. To show the performance of the introduced approach, a comparison is also made between the results of the HBWM and BWM methodologies. The analysis demonstrates that HBWM can effectively determine the weights of criteria and sub-criteria through an integrated model.

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Feng, Xiang-Qian, Xiao-Dong Pang, and Cui-Ping Wei. "Distance-Based Consistency Measure and Priority Weights of Best-Worst Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 28, no. 05 (September 30, 2020): 853–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488520500373.

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Best-Worst method (BWM) is a new multi-criteria decision-making method based on pairwise comparisons, but only the comparisons concerning the best and the worst alternatives or criteria. This method shows some significant advantages in the simplicity with a less requirement of comparison data and reliability with better consistency. This paper proposes a new consistency measure method based on the distance of the vectors of reference comparisons in BWM because the difference of the preference in two vectors directly affects the reliability of results. Through the establishment of the threshold of consistency ratio, we supplement the definition of satisfactory consistency of the comparisons in BWM. With comparisons satisfying the acceptable consistency, we use linear programming models to find all possible priority weights between the preferences given by decision maker and derive interval weights. For comparisons with unacceptable consistency, another approach is presented to find the interval weights meeting the consistent requirement. At last, several examples are used to illustrate the details of process.

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Liu, Sen, Yanan Hu, and Yingying Zhang. "Supply Chain Partner Selection under Cloud Computing Environment: An Improved Approach Based on BWM and VIKOR." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (October 15, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7012827.

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The wide application of cloud computing technology makes supply chain partner share information effectively and increase corporate profits. However, in cloud computing environment, the evaluation process of supply chain partner selection is dynamic and fuzzy, and its evaluation index is uncertain. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new method combed with rough number, best-worst multicriteria decision-making method (BWM), and compromise ranking method (VIKOR). Firstly, Rough number is used to integrate data from different evaluation matrix. Secondly, rough number improves a new method, BWM, to get RBWM criteria weight methods. Thirdly, the rough numbers are introduced into VIKOR and combined with RBWM to evaluate and sort the supply chain partners. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the rationality and feasibility of the method.

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Dalólio, Felipe Santos, Diego Ladeira Silva, Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino, Ricardo Vianna Nunes, Valdir Ribeiro Junior, Horácio Santiago Rostagno, Helvio da Cruz Ferreira Júnior, and Sandra Regina Freitas Pinheiro. "Energy values and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in some feedstuffs for broilers." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 6 (August 29, 2019): 2651. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2651.

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The objective of this study was to determine the energy values, standardized ileal digestibility coefficients and digestible amino acid contents of parboiled brown rice bran (PBRB), protein sorghum meal (PSM) and bread waste meal (BWM) in broiler diets. In the first trial, 144 broiler chicks at 14 days of age were evaluated in a completely randomized design involving three feedstuffs + a control diet, with six replicates and six birds per experimental unit. The total excreta collection method was adopted to determine the energy values of the feedstuffs. In the second trial, 144 broilers at 24 days of age were used in a completely randomized design involving three feedstuffs + a protein-free diet, with six replicates and six birds per experimental unit. Ileal digesta was harvested to determine the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients and digestible amino acid contents of the feedstuffs. The nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) values of PBRB, PSM and BWM were 2638, 2799 and 3399 kcal.kg-1, respectively. The metabolizability coefficients of AMEn (CAMEn) of PBRB, PSM and BWM were 54.13, 57.35 and 86.66%, respectively. Bread waste meal had the highest CAMEn (p < 0.05) and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (p < 0.01), followed by PBRB and PSM. The main limiting digestible amino acids in PBRB, PSM and BWM were found at the following respective levels: methionine - 0.19, 0.33 and 0.24%; lysine - 0.40, 0.46 and 0.40%; threonine - 0.25, 0.50 and 0.45%; and valine - 0.44, 0.73 and 0.48%.

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Muravev, Dmitri, and Nemanja Mijic. "A Novel Integrated Provider Selection Multicriteria Model: The BWM-MABAC Model." Decision Making: Applications in Management and Engineering 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31181/dmame2003078m.

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Rezaei, Jafar, Oshan Kothadiya, Lori Tavasszy, and Maarten Kroesen. "Quality assessment of airline baggage handling systems using SERVQUAL and BWM." Tourism Management 66 (June 2018): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.11.009.

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van de Kaa, Geerten, Theo Fens, and Jafar Rezaei. "Residential grid storage technology battles: a multi-criteria analysis using BWM." Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 31, no. 1 (June 11, 2018): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2018.1484441.

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Fan, Jian-Ping, Zi-Wei Guo, and Mei-Qin Wu. "An Improvement of DEA Cross-Efficiency Aggregation Based on BWM-TOPSIS." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 37334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2975240.

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BİLGİÇ, Sezi, Belkız TORĞUL, and Turan PAKSOY. "SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ENERJİ YÖNETİMİ İÇİN BWM YÖNTEMİ İLE YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ KAYNAKLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ." Verimlilik Dergisi, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.663721.

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Suminski Jr, Richard Robert, Gregory Dominick, and Philip Saponaro. "Assessing Physical Activities Occurring on Sidewalks and Streets: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study." JMIR Research Protocols 8, no. 7 (July 30, 2019): e12976. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12976.

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Background A considerable proportion of outdoor physical activity (PA) is done on sidewalks and streets, necessitating the development of a reliable measure of PA performed in these settings. The Block Walk Method (BWM) is one of the more common approaches for this purpose. Although it utilizes reliable observation techniques and displays criterion validity, it remains relatively unchanged since its introduction in 2006. It is a nontechnical, labor-intensive, first generation method. Advancing the BWM would contribute significantly to our understanding of PA behavior. Objective This study will develop and test a new BWM that utilizes a wearable video device (WVD) and computer video analysis to assess PAs performed on sidewalks and streets. The specific aims are to improve the BWM by incorporating a WVD (eyeglasses with a high-definition video camera in the frame) into the methodology and advance this WVD-enhanced BWM by applying machine learning and recognition software to automatically extract information on PAs occurring on the sidewalks and streets from the videos. Methods Trained observers (1 wearing and 1 not wearing the WVD) will walk together at a set pace along predetermined 1000 ft sidewalk and street observation routes representing low, medium, and high walkable areas. During the walks, the non-WVD observer will use the traditional BWM to record the numbers of individuals standing, sitting, walking, biking, and running in observation fields along the routes. The WVD observer will continuously video the observation fields. Later, 2 investigators will view the videos to determine the number of individuals performing PAs in the observation fields. The video data will then be analyzed automatically using multiple deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to determine the number of humans in the observation fields and the type of PAs performed. Bland Altman methods and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) will be used to assess agreement. Potential sources of error such as occlusions (eg, trees) will be assessed using moderator analyses. Results Outcomes from this study are pending; however, preliminary studies supporting the research protocol indicate that the BWM is reliable for determining the PA mode (Cramer V=.89; P<.001), the address where the PA occurred (Cohen kappa=.85; P<.001), and the number engaged in an observed PA (ICC=.85; P<.001). The number of individuals seen walking along routes was correlated with several environmental characteristics such as sidewalk quality (r=.39; P=.02) and neighborhood aesthetics (r=.49; P<.001). Furthermore, we have used CNNs to detect cars, bikes, and pedestrians as well as individuals using park facilities. Conclusions We expect the new approach will enhance measurement accuracy while reducing the burden of data collection. In the future, the capabilities of the WVD-CNN system will be expanded to allow for the determination of other characteristics captured in videos such as caloric expenditure and environmental conditions. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/12976

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Pyć, Dorota. "Ballast water management for sustainable development – some remarks on Polish law." SHS Web of Conferences 57 (2018): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185701027.

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The main aim of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) is to prevent, minimize and ultimately eliminate the risk of introducing harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens (HAOP) transferred in ships’ ballast waters and sediments to non-native environment for them, mainly for waters in seaports and coastal waters. The BWM Convention entered into force globally on 8 September 2017. This convention is based on the precautionary principle and the ecosystem approach to achieving sustainable development goals. Effective protection and preservation of the maritime environment depends on the preventive and reasonable actions, especially in case of environmental threats or combating pollution. This means that it is necessary to react efficiently by relevant authorities and boost international and regional cooperation, as well as development of other instruments such as inspection and reporting systems. The purpose of this paper is to present the state of preparation to the implementation of the BWM Convention in connection with its ratification by Poland, which is planned for 2018.

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Wang, Xiao-Kang, Wen-Hui Hou, Chao Song, Min-Hui Deng, Yong-Yi Li, and Jian-Qiang Wang. "BW-MaxEnt: A Novel MCDM Method for Limited Knowledge." Mathematics 9, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9141587.

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With the development of the social economy and an enlarged volume of information, the application of multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) has become increasingly wide and deep. As a brilliant MCDM technique, the best–worst method (BWM) has attracted many scholars’ attention because it can determine the weights of criteria with less comparison time and higher consistency between judgments than analytic hierarchy process. However, the effectiveness of the BWM is based on complete comparison information among criteria. Considering the fact that the decision makers may have limited time and energy to study all criteria, they cannot construct a complete comparison system. In this paper, we propose a novel MCDM method named BW-MaxEnt that combines BWM and the maximum entropy method (MaxEnt) to identify the weights of unfamiliar criteria with incomplete decision information. The model can be translated into a convex optimization problem that can be solved effectively and has an overall optimal solution. Finally, a practical application concerning the procurement of GPU workstations illustrates the feasibility of the proposed BW-MaxEnt method.

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Mahmoudi, Amin, Mehdi Abbasi, Xiaopeng Deng, Muhammad Ikram, and Salman Yeganeh. "A novel model for risk management of outsourced construction projects using decision-making methods: a case study." Grey Systems: Theory and Application 10, no. 2 (April 6, 2020): 97–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gs-09-2019-0038.

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PurposeSelecting a suitable contract to outsource construction projects is an ongoing concern for project managers and organizational directors. This study aims to propose a comprehensive model to manage the risks of outsourced construction project contracts.Design/methodology/approachTo employ the proposed model, firstly, the types of contracts and risks in the organization should be identified, then, to prioritize the contracts, the identified risks are considered as criteria. After receiving the experts' opinions, the best–worst method (BWM) integrated with grey relation analysis (GRA) method was used to prioritize the contracts. BWM and GRA are multi-criteria decision-making methods with different approaches and applications. In the current study, BWM has been employed to calculate the weights of criteria because it has better performance than other methods such as the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). After calculating the weights of criteria, the GRA method has been utilized for ranking the alternatives.FindingsAccording to the results obtained from the case study, the cost plus award fee contract is the most suitable alternative for outsourcing construction projects. The proposed methodology can be practically applied through different types of the projects such as construction or “engineering, procurement and construction”.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a conceptual model has been proposed to select an appropriate contract for construction projects. Also, for the first time, the BWM integrated with GRA method has been used to prioritize project contracts based on the potential risks. The proposed model can contribute to project managers for selecting a suitable contract with the least risk in construction projects.

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Wang, Jian, Jin-Chun Huang, Shan-Lin Huang, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng, and Ting Zhu. "Improvement Path for Resource-Constrained Cities Identified Using an Environmental Co-Governance Assessment Framework Based on BWM-mV Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 4969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094969.

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Global warming and extreme weather have increased most people’s awareness of the problem of environmental destruction. In the domain of sustainable development, environmental governance has received considerable scholarly attention. However, protecting and improving the environment requires not only substantial capital investment but also cooperation among stakeholders. Therefore, based on the network structure of stakeholders, the best–worst method (BWM) and modified Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje method were combined to form an environmental co-governance assessment framework that can be used to evaluate the effects of various policies and identify strategies for further improvement through data analysis (henceforth the BWM-mV model). This mechanism is not only useful for evaluating the effectiveness of environmental governance policies but also for generating suggestions to enhance these policies. Hence, the BWM-mV model is particularly suitable for local governments with limited resources in time, money, or labor. Pingxiang City Government is currently subject to such limitations and was therefore selected as the subject of an empirical case study. The results of this study revealed that the aspects (i.e., criteria) the Pingxiang City Government should urgently improve on pertain to a high-quality information communication platform (C13) and smooth joint decision-making by stakeholders (C24).

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Tao, Ran, Kirk Rice, Anicet Djakeu, Randy Mrozek, Shawn Cole, Reygan Freeney, and Aaron Forster. "Rheological Characterization of Next-Generation Ballistic Witness Materials for Body Armor Testing." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030447.

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Roma Plastilina No. 1 (RP1), an artist modeling clay that has been used as a ballistic clay, is essential for evaluation and certification in standards-based ballistic resistance testing of body armor. It serves as a ballistic witness material (BWM) behind the armor, where the magnitude of the plastic deformation in the clay after a ballistic impact is the figure of merit (known as “backface signature”). RP1 is known to exhibit complex thermomechanical behavior that requires temperature conditioning and frequent performance-based evaluations to verify that its deformation response satisfies requirements. A less complex BWM formulation that allows for room-temperature storage and use as well as a more consistent thermomechanical behavior than RP1 is desired, but a validation based only on ballistic performance would be extensive and expensive to accommodate the different ballistic threats. A framework of lab-scale metrologies for measuring the effects of strain, strain rate, and temperature dependence on mechanical properties are needed to guide BWM development. The current work deals with rheological characterization of a candidate BWM, i.e., silicone composite backing material (SCBM), to understand the fundamental structure–property relationships in comparison to those of RP1. Small-amplitude oscillatory shear frequency sweep experiments were performed at temperatures that ranged from 20 °C to 50 °C to map elastic and damping contributions in the linear elastic regime. Large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) experiments were conducted in the non-linear region and the material response was analyzed in the form of Lissajous curve representations with the values of perfect plastic dissipation ratio reported to identify the degree of plasticity. The results show that the SCBM exhibits dynamic properties that are similar in magnitude to those of temperature-conditioned RP1, but with minimal temperature sensitivity and weaker frequency dependence than RP1. Both SCBM and RP1 are identified as elastoviscoplastic materials, which is particularly important for accurate determination of backface signature in body armor evaluation. The mechanical properties of SCBM show some degree of aging and work history effects. The results from this work demonstrate that the rheological properties of SCBM, at small and large strains, are similar to RP1 with substantial improvements in BWM performance requirements in terms of temperature sensitivity and thixotropy.

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Norouzi, Ashraf, and Hossein Razavi hajiagha. "An interval type-2 hesitant fuzzy best-worst method." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 11625–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202801.

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Multi criteria decision-making problems are usually encounter implicit, vague and uncertain data. Interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FS) are widely used to develop various MCDM techniques especially for cases with uncertain linguistic approximation. However, there are few researches that extend IT2FS-based MCDM techniques into qualitative and group decision-making environment. The present study aims to adopt a combination of hesitant and interval type-2 fuzzy sets to develop an extension of Best-Worst method (BWM). The proposed approach provides a flexible and convenient way to depict the experts’ hesitant opinions especially in group decision-making context through a straightforward procedure. The proposed approach is called IT2HF-BWM. Some numerical case studies from literature have been used to provide illustrations about the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed approach. Besides, a comparative analysis with an interval type-2 fuzzy AHP is carried out to evaluate the results of our proposed approach. In each case, the consistency ratio was calculated to determine the reliability of results. The findings imply that the proposed approach not only provides acceptable results but also outperforms the traditional BWM and its type-1 fuzzy extension.

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Kumar, Ashwani, Aswin A, and Himanshu Gupta. "Evaluating green performance of the airports using hybrid BWM and VIKOR methodology." Tourism Management 76 (February 2020): 103941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.06.016.

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Garg, Chandra Prakash, and Archana Sharma. "Sustainable outsourcing partner selection and evaluation using an integrated BWM–VIKOR framework." Environment, Development and Sustainability 22, no. 2 (September 28, 2018): 1529–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-018-0261-5.

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Wang, Fang, Hai-Mei Li, Yan-Lai Li, and Ai-Ping Wu. "A BWM-based approach for customer-oriented product development with insufficient information and its application to 5 G smartphone design." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 12443–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-210799.

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Quality function deployment (QFD) is a customer-oriented tool for developing products. Based on the idea of the best-worst method (BWM), a novel model is developed to determine the relative importance ratings (RIRs) of customer requirements (CRs) with interval grey linguistic (IGL) information, which plays a significant role in QFD. CRs are rated with IGL variables, and the degree of greyness degree function that can be used to handle the IGL variables is defined based on the power utility function. Then, considering customer heterogeneity, a model is constructed to derive the RIRs of CRs by following the logic of the BWM. Finally, a case study of 5 G smartphone development is provided to verify the validity and the feasibility of the proposed method.

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Journal articles on the topic 'BWM'

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