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1
Marcen, R., S. Lamas, L. Orofino, C. Quereda, F. Barcia, J. M. Castro, P. Alonso De Caso, and J. Ortuño. "Dipyridamole Thallium-201 Perfusion Imaging for the Study of Ischemic Heart Disease in Hemodialysis Patients." International Journal of Artificial Organs 12, no. 12 (December 1989): 773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139888901201207.
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To assess the usefulness of dipyridamole thallium perfusion imaging in the evaluation of myocardial perfusion in hemodialysis (HD), we studied 29 HD patients divided into three groups: A) 13 patients with clinical angina, B) 8 patients without angina but similar in age, sex, time on HD and hematocrit and C) 8 young asymptomatic patients (mean age 33 ± 9.7 years). Dipyridamole thallium-201 (TI-201) perfusion imaging revealed myocardial perfusion defects in 8 patients (61%) from group A, 4 (50%) from group B and 1 (12.5%) from group C. These defects were localized in the inferior, posterior and septal segments of the left ventricle. Abnormal myocardial perfusion was associated with age over 50 years and aortic calcifications (p < 0.05). Eight patients died within the following four years. All had aortic calcifications (p < 0.001). Our results show that myocardial perfusion defects are frequent even in non-symptomatic HD patients. This suggests that ischemic heart disease could be more frequent than estimated by clinical symptoms alone. TI-201 scintigraphy may be a useful non-invasive procedure in cardiological evaluation of HD patients
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Faizi, Md Serajul Haque, Ashanul Haque, and Valentina A. Kalibabchuk. "Crystal structure of (E)-2-{[(4-anilinophenyl)imino]methyl}-4-nitrophenol." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 2 (January 6, 2017): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016020673.
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In the title compound, C19H15N3O3, which crystallizes as the phenol–imine tautomer, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings bridged by the NH unit is 47.16 (16)°. The dihedral angle between the rings bridged by the imine unit is 6.24 (15)°; this near coplanarity is reinforced by an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond, which generates anS(6) ring. In the crystal, N—H...O hydrogen bonds generate [201]C(13) chains. The chains are reinforced and cross-linked by C—H...O interactions to generate (001) sheets.
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Bigun, Inna, and Yaroslav M. Kalychak. "The Crystal Structure of GdZn3." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 68, no. 11 (November 1, 2013): 1265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2013-3182.
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The crystal structure of GdZn3 was refined using singlecrystal X-ray diffraction data: YZn3 type, space group Pnma, Z = 4, a = 6:7250(13), b = 4:4620(9), c = 10:201(2) Å , R1 = 0:049, wR2 = 0:082, 303 F2 values, 25 variables. The zinc atoms build up a three-dimensional network with short Zn-Zn distances, while the Gd atoms are well separated from each other. The coordination number is 17 for Gd, and 10 and 12 for the Zn atoms.
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Mishra, Sujata P., Chita R. Sahoo, Siba N. Rath, and Rabindra N. Padhy. "Prevalence and identification of Candida sp. in pregnant women using VITEK-2." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 12 (November 23, 2017): 5359. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175242.
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Background: Candida sp. is seen in several areas of body such as, mouth, groin area including vagina and digestive tract as thrush or gastroenteritis. The slide-culture technique and the VITEK-2 automated system were used for species-identification of the fungus; nonetheless, a gold standard or any first identification method would have inherent errors in arriving at a correct identification of a microorganism at species level.Methods: Morphological fungal criteria were ascertained with germ tubes, glucose agar, sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests Candida from vaginal swabs and other clinical samples of 85 infected pregnant women with diabetes, by growing swab lots on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) plates, the slide culture technique and the VITEK-2 automated system.Results: Of 85 patients, 122 isolates in SDA culture were determined as 7 Candida sp. with number of isolates of each species, as follows: 47 C. albicans, 9 C. famata, 11 C. glabrata, 13 C. guilliermondii, 8 C. krusei, 3 C. parapsilosis and 37 C. tropicalis from vaginal swabs. From 60 vaginal swabs, 46 urine samples and 12 throat swabs it was seen that C. albicans was most prevalent. However, withVITEK-2, 201 fungal strains were identified; Candida sp. was isolated in all samples: 59 C. albicans, 19 C. famata, 21 C. glabrata, 23 C. guilliermondii,18 C. krusei, 13 C. parapsilosis and 48 C. tropicalis.Conclusions: The most prevalent species among the isolated fungi was C. albicans, causing VC in diabetic pregnant women.
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Eustermann, Fabian, Frank Stegemann, Simon Gausebeck, and Oliver Janka. "Structural and magnetic investigations of the pseudo-ternary RE2TAl3 series (RE=Sc, Y, La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu; T=Ru, Rh, Ir) – size dependent formation of two different structure types." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 73, no. 11 (November 27, 2018): 819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2018-0124.
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AbstractSeveral rare earth metal containing pseudo-ternary compounds in the RE2TAl3 series (RE=Sc, Y, La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu; T=Ru, Rh, Ir) have been synthesized from the elements by arc-melting or in tantalum capsules. Within the Rh series, the compounds with RE=La–Nd crystallize in the cubic MgCu2-type (Fd3̅m) structure. For Sm besides the cubic Laves phase also the hexagonal Laves phase (MgZn2 type, P63/mmc) is found. For the remaining compounds of both series, also the hexagonal MgZn2-type structure is observed. The structures of Ho2Ru0.96(1)Al3.04(1) (a=547.4(1), c=875.7(1) pm, wR=0.0397, 201 F2 values, 13 variables), Sc2Rh1.01(1)Al2.99(1) (a=528.0(1), c=852.8(1) pm, wR=0.0228, 184 F2 values, 13 variables), Ho2Rh1.00(1)Al3.00(1) (a=546.5(1), c=873.8(1) pm, wR=0.0590, 222 F2 values, 13 variables) and Tb2Ir1.06(1)Al2.94(1) (a=550.8(1), c=870.0(1) pm, wR=0.0743, 221 F2 values, 13 variables) have been refined from single-crystal data, indicating T/Al mixing on both crystallographic Zn sites of the aristotype. The Sc, Y, La and Lu containing compounds exhibit Pauli-paramagnetic behavior, while the other compounds show paramagnetism, in line with the rare earth atoms in the trivalent oxidation state. Ferro- and antiferromagnetic ordering up to TC=50.2(1) K for Gd2RhAl3 is observed, while Sm2RuAl3 shows van Vleck paramagnetism and Yb2RuAl3, finally, exhibits only partially trivalent Yb atoms, evident from a reduced magnetic moment and increased lattice parameters.
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Pohl, D., E. Savarino, M. Hersberger, Z. Behlis, B. Stutz, O. Goetze, A. v. Eckardstein, M. Fried, and R. Tutuian. "Excellent agreement between genetic and hydrogen breath tests for lactase deficiency and the role of extended symptom assessment." British Journal of Nutrition 104, no. 6 (April 19, 2010): 900–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510001297.
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Clinical manifestations of lactase (LCT) deficiency include intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms. Lactose hydrogen breath test (H2-BT) is considered the gold standard to evaluate LCT deficiency (LD). Recently, the single-nucleotide polymorphism C/T− 13 910has been associated with LD. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the agreement between genetic testing of LCT C/T− 13 910and lactose H2-BT, and the diagnostic value of extended symptom assessment. Of the 201 patients included in the study, 194 (139 females; mean age 38, range 17–79 years, and 55 males, mean age 38, range 18–68 years) patients with clinical suspicion of LD underwent a 3–4 h H2-BT and genetic testing for LCT C/T− 13 910. Patients rated five intestinal and four extra-intestinal symptoms during the H2-BT and then at home for the following 48 h. Declaring H2-BT as the gold standard, the CC− 13 910genotype had a sensitivity of 97 % and a specificity of 95 % with a κ of 0·9 in diagnosing LCT deficiency. Patients with LD had more intense intestinal symptoms 4 h following the lactose challenge included in the H2-BT. We found no difference in the intensity of extra-intestinal symptoms between patients with and without LD. Symptom assessment yielded differences for intestinal symptoms abdominal pain, bloating, borborygmi and diarrhoea between 120 min and 4 h after oral lactose challenge. Extra-intestinal symptoms (dizziness, headache and myalgia) and extension of symptom assessment up to 48 h did not consistently show different results. In conclusion, genetic testing has an excellent agreement with the standard lactose H2-BT, and it may replace breath testing for the diagnosis of LD. Extended symptom scores and assessment of extra-intestinal symptoms have limited diagnostic value in the evaluation of LD.
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Hou, Chen, Hong-Mei Gan, and Jia-Cheng Liu. "Crystal structure ofcatena-poly[[[tetraaquazinc(II)]-μ-1,4-bis[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoyl]piperazine] dinitrate monohydrate]." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 5 (April 25, 2015): m120—m121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015007719.
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In the title polymeric complex, {[Zn(C24H22N6O2)(H2O)4](NO3)2·2H2O}n, the ZnIIcation, located about a twofold rotation axis, is coordinated by two imidazole groups and four water molecules in a distorted N2O4octahedral geometry; among the four coordinate water molecules, two are located on the same twofold rotation axis. The 1,4-bis[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoyl]piperazine] ligand is centro-symmetric, with the centroid of the piperazine ring located on an inversion center, and bridges the ZnIIcations, forming polymeric chains propagating along [201]. In the crystal, O—H...O and weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds link the polymeric chains, nitrate anions and solvent water molecules into a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. A short O...O contact of 2.823 (13) Å is observed between neighboring nitrate anions.
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Lee, Stuart M. C., W. Jon Williams, and Suzanne M. Schneider. "Role of skin blood flow and sweating rate in exercise thermoregulation after bed rest." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 2026–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00105.2001.
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Two potential mechanisms, reduced skin blood flow (SBF) and sweating rate (SR), may be responsible for elevated intestinal temperature (Tin) during exercise after bed rest and spaceflight. Seven men underwent 13 days of 6° head-down bed rest. Pre- and post-bed rest, subjects completed supine submaximal cycle ergometry (20 min at 40% and 20 min at 65% of pre-bed rest supine peak exercise capacity) in a thermoneutral room. After bed rest, Tin was elevated at rest (+0.31 ± 0.12°C) and at the end of exercise (+0.33 ± 0.07°C). Percent increase in SBF during exercise was less after bed rest (211 ± 53 vs. 96 ± 31%; P ≤ 0.05), SBF/Tin threshold was greater (37.09 ± 0.16 vs. 37.33 ± 0.13°C; P ≤ 0.05), and slope of SBF/Tin tended to be reduced (536 ± 184 vs. 201 ± 46%/°C; P = 0.08). SR/Tin threshold was delayed (37.06 ± 0.11 vs. 37.34 ± 0.06°C; P ≤ 0.05), but the slope of SR/Tin(3.45 ± 1.22 vs. 2.58 ± 0.71 mg · min−1 · cm−2 · °C−1) and total sweat loss (0.42 ± 0.06 vs. 0.44 ± 0.08 kg) were not changed. The higher resting and exercise Tin and delayed onset of SBF and SR suggest a centrally mediated elevation in the thermoregulatory set point during bed rest exposure.
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Lee, Ching Chin, Fatimah Harun, Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin, Chor Yin Lim, Khoon Leong Ng, and Sarni Mat Junit. "Functional Analyses of c.2268dup in Thyroid Peroxidase Gene Associated with Goitrous Congenital Hypothyroidism." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/370538.
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The c.2268dup mutation in thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene was reported to be a founder mutation in Taiwanese patients with dyshormonogenetic congenital hypothyroidism (CH). The functional impact of the mutation is not well documented. In this study, homozygous c.2268dup mutation was detected in two Malaysian-Chinese sisters with goitrous CH. Normal and alternatively spliced TPO mRNA transcripts were present in thyroid tissues of the two sisters. The abnormal transcript contained 34 nucleotides originating from intron 12. The c.2268dup is predicted to generate a premature termination codon (PTC) at position 757 (p.Glu757X). Instead of restoring the normal reading frame, the alternatively spliced transcript has led to another stop codon at position 740 (p.Asp739ValfsX740). The two PTCs are located at 116 and 201 nucleotides upstream of the exons 13/14 junction fulfilling the requirement for a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Quantitative RT-PCR revealed an abundance of unidentified transcripts believed to be associated with the NMD. TPO enzyme activity was not detected in both patients, even though a faint TPO band of about 80 kD was present. In conclusion, the c.2268dup mutation leads to the formation of normal and alternatively spliced TPO mRNA transcripts with a consequential loss of TPO enzymatic activity in Malaysian-Chinese patients with goitrous CH.
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Healy, PC, JV Hanna, NV Duffy, BW Skelton, and AH White. "Influence of Phenyl Substituents on Diamagnetic Cobalt(III) Dithiocarbamate Complexes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 8 (1990): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9901335.
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Single-crystal X-ray structural determinations have been recorded at c.295 K for the tris ( dithiocarbamato )cobalt(III) compounds [Co(S2CNMePh)3] and [Co(S2CNPh2)3]. [Co(S2CNMePh)3] crystallizes in space group P21/a with a 25.207(6), b 12.778(2), c 9.497(2)Ǻ, β 116.40(2)°. [Co(S2CNPh2)3] crystallizes in space group Pī with a 14.979(6), b 13.169(4), c 10.683(3)Ǻ, α 71.53(3),β 88.15(3),γ 82.35(3)°. The structures were refined to residuals of 0.039 and 0.062 for 2184 and 4068 'observed' reflections respectively. The cobalt-59 n.m.r. chemical shift of the sparingly soluble diphenyl compound is found to be 6450 ppm downfield from K3Co(CN)6, compared with 6660 ppm for the methyl phenyl compound and 6830 ppm for the non-phenyl-substituted dimethyl compound, a result reflecting increase in the ligand -field strengths of the ligands in this series of compounds in the order Me2 < Me Ph < Ph2. Average geometric parameters (Ǻ) are: methyl phenyl, Co-S 2.270(6), C-S 1.699(6), C-N 1.341(9), S…S 2.803(2), N-Cphenyl 1.446(5), N-Cmethyl 1.45(1); diphenyl, Co-S 2.267(8), C-S 1.699(4), C-N 1.335(4), S…S 2.805(2), N-Cphenyl 1.449(6). Solid-state carbon-13 chemical shifts for thecarbon atom of the NCS2 fragment are 204, 207 and 210 ppm for [Co(S2CNMe2)3], [Co(S2CNMePh)3] and [Co(S2CNPh2)3] respectively. By comparison, the carbon-13 chemical shifts for cobalt complexes with saturated hydrocarbon substituents which span the range of ligand -field strengths do not show the same systematic trends: [Co(S2CN(CH2)4)3], 201 ppm ; [Co(S2CNEt2)3], 204 ppm ; and [Co(S2CNPri2)3], 204 ppm , [Co(S2CN(CH2Ph)2)3], 207 ppm . For the unsaturated hydrocarbon system, [Co(S2CN(CH)4)3], this value is 211 ppm . These results correspond closely to solution carbon-13 data and constitute good evidence that the ligand substituent effects in the compounds are similar in the two states. The increase in ligand -field strength with phenyl substituent is rationalized in terms of a combination of steric and electronic effects.
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Felley, C. P., T. M. O'Dorisio, B. Howe, D. H. Coy, S. A. Mantey, T. K. Pradhan, V. E. Sutliff, and R. T. Jensen. "Chief cells possess somatostatin receptors regulated by secretagogues acting through the calcium or cAMP pathway." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 266, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): G789—G798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1994.266.5.g789.
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Inhibition both in vivo and in vitro of pepsinogen secretion by somatostatin (SS) and the histological demonstration that fundic D-cells contain long cytoplasmic processes extending to chief cells suggest a possible direct effect of SS on chief cell function. The aim of the present study was to determine whether SS interacts directly with receptors on isolated gastric chief cells and, if so, how SS alters cell function. Binding of 125I-[Tyr11]SS14 to chief cells was saturable, time and temperature dependent, and was inhibited by both SS14 (Ki 1.6 nM) and SS28 (Ki 5.2 nM). SMS-201-995 was 1,300-fold less potent than SS14. Calcium-mobilizing secretagogues reduced binding of 125I-[Tyr11]SS14 with efficacies of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) > carbachol > gastrin. Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-activating secretagogues also inhibited binding with efficacies of secretin > vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) or A-23187 also decreased binding. Analyses demonstrated that CCK-8 and TPA were decreasing the affinity of SS receptors for 125I-[Tyr11]SS14 without affecting their binding capacity. Both SS14 and SS28 at a maximally effective concentration inhibited cAMP production caused by VIP or secretin (20-30%) but did not alter cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i), inositol phosphates, or pepsinogen release. We conclude that chief cells possess SS receptors with a high affinity for both SS14 and SS28 but low affinity for SMS-201-995 and thus resemble the SSB receptors described in the rat cerebral cortex. Although occupation of these receptors by SS has no effect on pepsinogen release induced by secretagogues acting through either the calcium or the cAMP pathway, SS receptor occupation is regulated by agents activating phospholipase C, adenylate cyclase, protein kinase C, and [Ca2]i.
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Veronese, Guido, Alessandro Pepe, Irene Massaiu, Ann-Sophie De Mol, and Ian Robbins. "Posttraumatic growth is related to subjective well-being of aid workers exposed to cumulative trauma in Palestine." Transcultural Psychiatry 54, no. 3 (May 25, 2017): 332–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461517706288.
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The present study examined how stress reactions after traumatic events influence subjective well-being (SWB) via the indirect effect of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in two samples of Palestinian professional helpers from the Gaza Strip and West Bank ( n = 201). Using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) as a dependent measure of well-being, and PTGI-10, PANAS-20, WHO-5 BREF, and IES-13 questionnaires as independent variables, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine whether: (a) cumulative trauma was negatively and directly related to subjective well-being; (b) levels of trauma were positively and directly related to posttraumatic growth; and (c) PTG was positively and directly related to subjective well-being. The findings suggest that posttraumatic growth contributes to mitigating and buffering (on the order of approximately 10%) the effect of trauma on subjective well-being. PTG seems to be a resource that can help aid workers deal with the consequences of stressful life events. Clinical implications and directions for supervision and training are discussed.
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Adler, Alexandra, Harer Huang, Zipping Wang, Joseph Conetta, Ellen Levee, Xiaoping Zhang, and Thomas H. Hintze. "Endocardial endothelium in the avascular frog heart: role for diffusion of NO in control of cardiac O2 consumption." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 1 (July 2004): H14—H21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01235.2003.
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We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the control of myocardial O2 consumption in the hearts of female Xenopus frogs, which lack a coronary vascular endothelium and in which the endocardial endothelium is the only source of NO to regulate cardiac myocyte function. Hence, frogs are an ideal model in which to explore the role of diffusion of NO from the endocardial endothelium (EE) without vascular endothelial or cardiac cell NO production. In Xenopus hearts we examined the regulation of cardiac O2 consumption in vitro at 25°C and 37°C. The NO-mediated control of O2 consumption by bradykinin or carbachol was significantly ( P < 0.05) lower at 25°C (79 ± 13 or 73 ± 11 nmol/min) than at 37°C (159 ± 26 or 201 ± 13 nmol/min). The response to the NO donor S-nitroso- N-acetyl penicillamine was also markedly lower at 25°C (90 ± 8 nmol/min) compared with 37°C (218 ± 15 nmol/min). When Triton X-100 was perfused into hearts, the inhibition of myocardial O2 consumption by bradykinin (18 ± 2 nmol/min) or carbachol (29 ± 4 nmol/min) was abolished. Hematoxylin and eosin slides of Triton X-100-perfused heart tissue confirmed the absence of the EE. Although endothelial NO synthase protein levels were decreased to a variable degree in the Triton X-100-perfused heart, NO2 production (indicating eNOS activity) decreased by >80%. It appears that the EE of the frog heart is the sole source of NO to regulate myocyte O2 consumption. When these cells are removed, the ability of NO to regulate O2 consumption is severely limited. Thus our results suggest that the EE produces enough NO, which diffuses from the EE to cardiac myocytes, to regulate myocardial O2 consumption. Because of the close proximity of the EE to underlying myocytes, NO can diffuse over a distance and act as a messenger between the EE and the rest of the heart to control mitochondrial function and O2 consumption.
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Attal, Michel, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Serge Leyvraz, Chantal Doyen, Cyrille Hulin, Lofti Benboubker, Ibrahim Yakoub Agha, et al. "Maintenance Treatment with Thalidomide after Autologous Transplantation for Myeloma: Final Analysis of a Prospective Randomized Study of the “Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome”." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1148.1148.
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Abstract High dose therapy (HDT) supported with autologous stem cell transplantation has been introduced in the management of myeloma. However, after a single or a double transplantation, almost all patients ultimately relapse. New strategies are required to control the residual disease after HDT. The “Intergroupe Françophone du Myélome” (IFM) initiated a trial designed to evaluate the impact of maintenance treatment with Thalidomide on the duration of response after HDT. From April 2000 to October 2003, 1017 myeloma patients at diagnosis under the age of 65 years were enrolled in the IFM 99 protocol. 780 of them, without or with only one adverse prognostic factor (beta-2 microglobuline ≥ 3 mg/l or deletion of chromosome 13), were enrolled in the IFM 99 02 protocol. They received the following treatment: 1) 3–4 cycles of the VAD regimen; 2) a first autologous transplant prepared with Melphalan 140 mg/m2; 3) a second autologous transplant prepared with Melphalan 200 mg/m2. Patients without progressive disease 2 months after the second transplant were randomized to receive: no maintenance treatment (arm A), maintenance treatment with Pamidronate (arm B) or maintenance treatment with Thalidomide and Pamidronate (arm C). As of June 2005, 593 patients (76%) have been randomized: 197 in arm A, 195 in arm B and 201 in arm C. Clinical characteristics of each group were similar. The median follow-up from diagnosis was 3 years (1 to 6 y). Thalidomide was found to improve the Event-free-survival (EFS). Indeed, the 4-year post-diagnosis probability of EFS was 39% (95% CI= 29–51) in arm A, 37% (95% CI= 26–48) in arm B, and 50% (95% CI= 37–60) in arm C (p<0.02). We compared EFS according to the treatment groups in different subgroups of patients (beta-2-microglobulin ≤ 2.5 mg/l, beta-2-microglobulin > 2.5 mg/l, deletion of chromosome 13, and no deletion of chromosome 13). Thalidomide was found to improve the 4-year EFS of patients without deletion of chromosome 13 (39% in arm A, 38% in arm B, 52% in arm C, p<0.01) and of patients with a beta-2-microglobulin > 2.5 mg/l at diagnosis (28% in arm A, 21% in arm B, 57% in arm C, p<0.001). On the opposite, patients with a deletion of chromosome 13 or with a beta-2-microglobulin ≤ 2.5 mg/l at diagnosis did not benefit significantly from Thalidomide (p=0.5 and p=0.9, respectively). The 4-year overall survival was similar in the 3 treatment groups: 86% in arm A, 78% in arm B, and 86% in arm C (NS). Among the 593 randomized patients, 3 factors were found to be associated with a longer EFS in the multivariate analysis: low beta-2-microglobulin at diagnosis (p<0.03), treatment arm (p<0.02), and deletion of chromosome 13 (p<0.03). In conclusion, the final analysis of the IFM9902 trial demonstrates that Thalidomide improves the duration of response after high dose therapy among patients with myeloma, especially those who have a beta-2-microglobulin >2.5 mg/l without deletion of chromosome 13.
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Moriarity, Daniel P., Naoise Mac Giollabhui, Lauren M. Ellman, Joshua Klugman, Christopher L. Coe, Lyn Y. Abramson, and Lauren B. Alloy. "Inflammatory Proteins Predict Change in Depressive Symptoms in Male and Female Adolescents." Clinical Psychological Science 7, no. 4 (March 2019): 754–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702619826586.
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Inflammation has been implicated in depressive symptoms, but few studies use longitudinal designs with adolescents. Furthermore, the extant literature has yielded inconsistent results. Blood was collected from a community sample of 201 adolescents (109 female, age range = 12.3–20.0 years) and analyzed for inflammatory proteins. Up to five follow-up assessments of depressive symptoms were conducted. Multilevel modeling indicated that high C-reactive protein (CRP) but no other proinflammatory markers predicted depressive symptom increases. Three-way interactions between different inflammatory biomarkers, sex, and months to follow-up predicted change in depressive symptoms. Higher interleukin-6 predicted increased depressive symptoms at 13 to 31 months after baseline assessment of depression and inflammation for females. Higher tumor necrosis factor-α predicted increased depressive symptoms at < 1 month after baseline for males and 13 to 31 months after baseline for females. Higher interleukin-8 in males predicted lower depressive symptoms at 31 months after baseline. Exploratory post hoc analyses were used to examine these predictive associations for specific subsets of depressive symptoms. These findings are the first to support the predictive association of elevated CRP for depressive symptoms in a community adolescent sample and serve as preliminary evidence that the relationship between cytokines and later depressive symptoms differs by sex, time to follow-up, and the specific biomarker.
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OLIVEIRA, ROBERTO PEDROSO DE, MARIÂNGELA CRISTOFANI, and MARCOS ANTÔNIO MACHADO. "MARCADORES RAPD PARA MAPEAMENTO GENÉTICO E SELEÇÃO DE HÍBRIDOS DE CITROS." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 23, no. 3 (December 2001): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452001000300005.
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Os marcadores moleculares apresentam várias aplicações no melhoramento de plantas, permitindo uma série de análises genéticas. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de estabelecer marcadores RAPD para serem utilizados em estudos de mapeamento genético e na seleção de híbridos entre tangerina-'Cravo' (Citrus reticulata Blanco) e laranja-'Pêra' (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck). Extraiu-se DNA de folhas dos parentais e de seis híbridos F1. As reações de amplificação foram preparadas em 13 uL de solução, constituída por tampão 1x GIBCO BRL; soluções 1,54 mM de MgCl2 e 0,2 mM de cada dNTP; 15 ng de cada 'primer'; 1,5 unidade de 'Taq DNA Polymerase' e 15 ng de DNA genômico. As reações foram realizadas em termocicladores programados para 36 ciclos de 1 min a 92ºC, 1 min a 36ºC, 2 min a 72ºC e 10 min de extensão a 72ºC. Foram testados 'primers' decâmeros arbitrários dos 'kits' A, AB, AT, AV, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, N, P, Q, R e U da Operon, sendo selecionados 113 por apresentarem polimorfismo, com número de marcadores variando de 1 a 6 por 'primer'. Esses 'primers' amplificaram 201 (23,13%) bandas polimórficas, aplicáveis no mapeamento genético e seleção de híbridos. A freqüência de 'primers' com 1; 2; 3; 4; 5 e 6 bandas polimórficas foi de 49,5%, 33,6%, 9,7%, 4,4%, 1,8% e 1,0%, respectivamente.
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Thatcher, Nicholas, David J. Girling, Penelope Hopwood, Robert J. Sambrook, Wendi Qian, and Richard J. Stephens. "Improving Survival Without Reducing Quality of Life in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Increasing the Dose-Intensity of Chemotherapy With Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Support: Results of a British Medical Research Council Multicenter Randomized Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 18, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2000.18.2.395.
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PURPOSE: The treatment of small-cell lung cancer patients with good performance status aims to improve survival. Dose-intensification could be a way to achieve improved survival but can be limited by neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Preliminary, nonrandomized feasibility studies showed that doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide (ACE) could be given every 2 (instead of the usual 3) weeks with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (lenograstim; Chugai-Rhône-Poulenc, Tokyo, Japan) support. The present multicenter randomized trial was designed to examine whether such dose-intensification improves survival while maintaining acceptable toxicity levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients were randomized to receive six cycles of ACE either every 3 weeks (control [C] group) or every 2 weeks with G-CSF (G group). The standard dose-intensity of ACE was increased by 50% in group G. RESULTS: Four hundred and three patients (G group: n = 201; C group: n = 202) were randomized. The received dose-intensity was 34% higher in the G group than in the C group. Complete response rates were 40% for the G group and 28% for the C group (P = .02), and overall rates were 78% for the G group and 79% for the C group. Survival was longer in the G group (hazard ratio = 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 0.99; P = .04), survival rates for the G and C groups being 47% and 39% at 12 months and 13% and 8% at 24 months, respectively. Metastasis-free survival, nonhematologic toxicity, and quality of life were similar in the two groups. In the G group, there was less neutropenia but more thrombocytopenia and more frequent blood and platelet transfusions. CONCLUSION: Increasing the dose-intensity of ACE with G-CSF support improved survival while maintaining acceptable toxicity.
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Kampf, Anthony R., Barbara P. Nash, Maurizio Dini, and Arturo A. Molina Donoso. "Juansilvaite, Na5Al3[AsO3(OH)]4[AsO2(OH)2]2(SO4)2·4H2O, a new arsenate-sulfate from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile." Mineralogical Magazine 81, no. 3 (June 2017): 619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.113.
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AbstractThe new mineral juansilvaite (IMA2015-080), Na5Al3[AsO3(OH)]4[AsO2(OH)2]2(SO4)2·4H2O, was foOptically, juansilvaiteund at the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile, where it occurs as asecondary alteration phase in association with anhydrite, canutite, halite, sulfur and a mahnertite-like phase. Juansilvaite occurs as bright pink blades up to ∼0.5 mm long grouped in tightly intergrown radial aggregates and also as opaque dull pale pink rounded aggregates. Blades areflattened on {001}, elongated on [100] and exhibit the forms {001}, {111} and {201}. Crystals are transparent, with vitreous lustre and white streak. The Mohs hardness is ∼2½, tenacity is brittle and fracture is irregular. Cleavage is very good on {001}. The measured density is3.01(2) g cm–3 and the calculated density is 3.005 g cm–3. Optically, juansilvaite is biaxial (+) with α= 1.575(1), β = 1.597(1), γ= 1.623(1) and 2V = 86(1)° (measured in white light). Dispersion is r < v, slight, andthe orientation is X = b; Z ^ c = 27° in the obtuse angle β. The pleochroism is X > Y ≈ Z in shades of pale pink. The mineral is slowly soluble in dilute HCl at room temperature. The empirical formula, determined from electron-microprobeanalyses, is Na4.95Al2.28Fe0.503+Mn0.213+Cu0.04As5.92S1.83O36H17.37. Juansilvaite is monoclinic, C2/c, a = 18.1775(13), b = 8.6285(5), c= 18.5138(13) Å, β = 90.389(6)°, V = 2903.7(3) Å3 and Z = 4. The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [dobs Å(I)(hkl)]: 9.25(100)(002), 7.20(34)(111), 4.545(34)(400), 3.988(39)(114), 3.363(42)(314), 3.145(66)(512,420), 2.960(68)(422,422) and 2,804(33)(131,423). The structure of juansilvaite (R1 = 3.82% for 2040 Fo > 4σF reflections) contains layers made up of alternating corner-linked Al–O octahedra and acid-arsenate tetrahedra. Sodium cations occur both peripheral to the layers and within cavities in the layers. An SO4 tetrahedron and an H2O group also are in the interlayer region.
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Șuteu, Vlaic, and Dărăban. "Characterization of a Novel Porcine CSN2 Polymorphism and Its Distribution in Five European Breeds." Animals 9, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9070419.
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Here, we describe a novel porcine β-casein (CNS2) polymorphism, initially identified using the isoelectric focusing (IEF) technique, and provide its distribution in five European breeds. Porcine CSN2 cDNA samples, from sows identified using IEF as carriers of polymorphic variants, were sequenced, and based on the sequence alignments, a genotyping assay was developed. The distribution of the polymorphism was investigated by genotyping 167 sows. Population genetic indexes were computed using POPGENE32 version 1.32. Sequence alignments revealed that the mutation which caused the different β-casein IEF migration profiles was c.647G>A, a substitution located in exon 7, which modifies the amino acid from position 201 of the mature protein from arginine to glutamine. The frequency of the G allele was 0.965 in the investigated Landrace population (number of individuals genotyped n = 67), one in the Pietrain population (n = 40), 0.705 in the Large White population (n = 36), 0.885 in the Bazna population (n = 13), and 0.555 in the Mangalita population (n = 11). For all breeds, except Pietrain (monomorphic), the genotype distribution was in accordance with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Given that β-casein is the most important protein in sows’ milk, a polymorphism like the one described here may prove interesting for marker-assisted selection.
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Álvarez-Ortega, Sergio, Thi Anh Duong Nguyen, Joaquín Abolafia, Thi Thanh Tam Vu, Michael Bonkowski, and Reyes Peña-Santiago. "Three new species of Sectonema Thorne, 1930 (Dorylaimida: Aporcelaimidae) from Vietnam." Nematology 18, no. 5 (2016): 517–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002974.
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Three new species of the genus Sectonema collected from natural habitats in Vietnam are studied, described and illustrated, including line drawings, LM and/or SEM pictures. Sectonema birrucephalum sp. n. is characterised by its 2.73-4.35 mm long body, lip region 18-20 μm broad and offset by deep constriction, odontostyle 10.0-11.5 μm long on its ventral side, 659-989 μm long neck, pharyngeal expansion occupying 63-68% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube, 221-277 μm long, pars refringens vaginae present, V = 54-56, tail short (31-43 μm, c = 85-111, c′ = 0.6-0.8) and rounded, spicules 72-75 μm long, and four or five irregularly spaced ventromedian supplements beyond the range of the spicules. Sectonema buccociliatum sp. n. is distinguished by its 2.00-2.46 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction, 19-20 μm broad and bearing perioral cilia-like structures, odontostyle 13-14 μm long at its ventral side, 530-625 μm long neck, pharyngeal expansion occupying 62-69% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube, 116-152 μm long, pars refringens vaginae present, V = 56-62, tail short (23-31 μm, c = 72-104, c′ = 0.6-0.8) and rounded, spicules 56-68 μm long, and 3-5 spaced and weakly developed ventromedian supplements beyond the range of the spicules. Sectonema ciliatum sp. n. is characterised by its 2.79-3.13 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction, 21-22 μm broad and bearing perioral cilia-like structures, odontostyle 14-15 μm long at its ventral side, 699-722 μm long neck, pharyngeal expansion occupying 60% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube, 201-244 μm long, pars refringens vaginae present, V = 52-53, tail short (33-35 μm, c = 82-92, c′ = 0.6-0.7) and rounded, spicules 70-72 μm long, and three or four spaced and weakly developed ventromedian supplements beyond the range of the spicules. Molecular data obtained for S. ciliatum sp. n. and the derived evolutionary tree show a close phylogenetic relationship with other species of the genus.
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Hussain, Shabneez, Shahida Baloch, Azra Parvin, Akbar Najmuddin, Farhana Musheer, Mubashra Junaid, Rab Nawaz Memon, Fareeda Bhanbhro, Hayat Ullah, and Bushra Moiz. "Inherited Bleeding Disorders—Experience of a Not-for-Profit Organization in Pakistan." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 24, no. 8 (June 12, 2018): 1241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618781033.
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Patient registry is a powerful tool for planning health care and setting groundwork for research. This survey reports a detailed registry of inherited bleeding disorders (IBD) and their management at a not-for-profit organization in a developing country to form the basis for planning development and research. We reviewed medical records of patients with IBD from 8 hemophilia treatment centers of Fatimid Foundation located in various cities. Information collected included sociodemographic data, diagnostic tests, severity of hemophilia A and B, number of bleeding episodes per year, site and frequency of hemarthrosis, and seropositivity for viral diseases. We analyzed 1497 patients from November 1, 2015, to April 30, 2016. There were 1296 (87%) males and 201 (13%) females with a mean age of 24.5 (11) years (range, 6 months to 65 years). Hemophilia A constituted the bulk of IBD (848, 57%) followed by von Willebrand disease (172, 11%), hemophilia B (144, 10%), platelet function defect (106, 7%), and rare bleeding disorders (70, 5%). Mucocutaneous bleeding (1144, 76%) and hemarthrosis (1035 patients, 69%) were the main complications. There were 1026 (69%) patients who received only blood components for treatment of any bleeding episode while the remaining 464 (31%) were on combination therapy (blood components and factor concentrate). Seroreactivity for hepatitis C was frequent (28%), while hepatitis B (1%) and human immunodeficiency virus (0.01%) were less commonly seen. This study was an important step toward a patient registry in a hemophilia treatment center in Pakistan. Hemophilia A is the most common bleeding disorder and hepatitis C is the most frequent treatment-related complication.
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Matei, Daniela, Virginia L. Filiaci, Marcus Randall, Margaret Steinhoff, Paul DiSilvestro, Katherine M. Moxley, Byoung Kim, et al. "A randomized phase III trial of cisplatin and tumor volume directed irradiation followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel vs. carboplatin and paclitaxel for optimally debulked, advanced endometrial carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 5505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.5505.
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5505 Background: Patients with stage III/IVA uterine cancer (UC) carry high risk of systemic and local recurrence. Chemotherapy was shown to reduce systemic recurrence, however the risk of local failure remains high. Methods: The primary endpoint of this open label, randomized phase III trial was to determine if treatment with cisplatin and volume-directed radiation followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel for 4 cycles (C-RT, experimental arm) reduces the rate of recurrence or death (i.e., increases recurrence-free survival, RFS) when compared to carboplatin and paclitaxel for 6 cycles (CT, control arm) in patients with stages III-IVA (<2 cm residual disease) or FIGO 2009 stage I/II serous or clear cell UC and positive cytology. Secondary objectives were assessment of overall survival (OS), acute and late toxicities, and quality of life. A 28.5% reduction in the rate of recurrence or death was considered significant. Treatment randomization and analysis were stratified by gross residual tumor and age. Results: Between 6/2009 and 7/2014, 813 patients were enrolled and randomized (407 C-RT and 406-CT). Of those, 733 were eligible (344 C-RT and 360 CT), and 680 received the trial intervention (333 C-RT and 347 CT). Median follow up is 47 months. Patients characteristics were balanced between arms. There were 201 (58%) > grd 3 toxicity events in the C-RT arm and 227 (63%) in the CT arm. The most common > grd 3 events were myelosupression (40% vs. 52%), gastrointestinal (13% vs. 4%), metabolic (15% vs. 19%), neurological (7% vs. 6%), infectious (4% vs. 5%). Treatment hazard ratio for RFS was 0.9 (C-RT vs. CT; CI 0.74 to 1.10). C-RT reduced the incidence of vaginal (3% vs. 7%, HR = 0.36, CI 0.16 to 0.82), pelvic and paraaortic recurrences (10% vs. 21%, HR=0.43, CI 02.8 to 0.66) compared to CT, but distant recurrences were more common with C-RT vs. CT (28% vs. 21%, HR 1.36, CI 1 to 1.86). The analysis is premature for OS comparison. Conclusions: Although C-RT reduced the rate of local recurrence compared to CT; the combined modality regimen did not increase RFS in optimally debulked, stage III/IVA UC. Clinical trial information: NCT00942357.
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Ferguson, N. S., and R. M. Gous. "The influence of heat production on voluntary food intake in growing pigs given protein-deficient diets." Animal Science 64, no. 2 (April 1997): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800015939.
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AbstractNinety-six entire male Large White XLandrace pigs were assigned at 13 kg to one of six dietary crude protein (P) treatments (230 g/kg (P1), 201 g/kg (P2), 178 g/kg (P3), 151 g/kg (P4), 125 g/kg (P5), 93 g/kg (P6)) and one of four temperatures (T) (no. = 4) (18°C, 22°C, 26°C, 30°C), and were given food ad libitum until slaughter weight of 30 kg. At all temperatures gut fill was a constant proportion of food intake (Fl) (1·56) but this ratio varied with different protein concentrations. Food intake increased with decreasing temperature and with decreasing protein content to a maximum rate on P4 (1·347 kg) whereafter FI declined. There was a linear decrease in average daily gain (ADG) with decreasing protein content while temperature had a significant curvilinear effect on ADG and food conversion ratio (FCR) with maximum ADG (0·680 kg/day) at 26°C. Body protein content decreased as the dietary protein concentration declined below P3 and there was a corresponding increase in lipid content. Temperature had no effect on body protein content but had a significant effect on lipid content. Similar trends occurred in the rate of protein (PR) and lipid (LR) retention with maximum PR (117·1 g/day) attained on PI, P2 and P3. Protein and temperature had a significant effect on total heat loss (THL). Maximum THL occurred in the protein treatment that resulted in pigs consuming maximum FI. The efficiency of protein utilization increased with increasing temperature but the response was dependent on the protein supply. It is concluded that on low protein diets pigs increase their Fl to maintain potential protein growth until a point is reached where the animal can no longer compensate and FI will decline. The extent of the compensation will depend on the amount of heat the animal can lose which in turn is dependent on the environmental temperature.
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HEINITZ, MAXINE L., and JANELLE M. JOHNSON. "The Incidence of Listeria spp., Salmonella spp., and Clostridium botulinum in Smoked Fish and Shellfish." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.3.318.
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The frequency of occurrence of Listeria spp., Salmonella spp., and Clostridium botulinum in samples of smoked finfish and smoked shellfish was analyzed over a 5-year period. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 14% of 1,080 samples. For those samples where the smoke process was known, the incidence of L. monocytogenes was higher in cold-smoked than hot-smoked products (51 of 240 cold-smoked compared to 19 of 215 hot-smoked products). Listeria species other than L. monocytogenes were also detected (in 7.2% of cold-smoked and 3.8% of hot-smoked products). The time and temperature smoke processing guidelines are reviewed for a few State authorities. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 15.2% of the 559 samples of foreign origin. There were four countries for which more than 70 samples were analyzed: Canada, Norway, the Philippines, and the United Kingdom. The occurrence of L. monocytogenes in samples from these four countries was 14.3%, 23.7%, 0%, and 16.1%, respectively. The 521 samples originating in the United States were processed by 194 plants. Thirty-seven plants in 13 States produced contaminated product. Salmonella species were isolated from 5 (3.2%) of 156 samples tested for this organism. All positive samples were of foreign origin (4 from the Philippines and 1 from the United Kingdom). No C. botulinum spores were detected in any of the 201 vacuum-packed samples tested for this organism.
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Wiedenmann, D., A. N. Zaitsev, S. N. Britvin, S. V. Krivovichev, and J. Keller. "Alumoåkermanite, (Ca,Na)2(Al,Mg,Fe2+)(Si2O7), a new mineral from the active carbonatite-nephelinite-phonolite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai, northern Tanzania." Mineralogical Magazine 73, no. 3 (June 2009): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.3.373.
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AbstractAlumoåkermanite, (Ca,Na)2(Al,Mg,Fe2+)(Si2O7), is a new mineral member of the melilite group from the active carbonatite-nephelinite-phonolite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania. The mineral occurs as tabular phenocrysts and microphenocrysts in melilite-nephelinitic ashes and lapilli-tuffs. Alumoåkermanite is light brown in colour; it is transparent, with a vitreous lustre and the streak is white. Cleavages or partings are not observed. The mineral is brittle with an uneven fracture. The measured density is 2.96(2) g/cm3. The Mohs hardness is ~4.5–6. Alumoåkermanite is uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.635(1) and ε = 1.624–1.626(1). In a 30 mm thin section (+N), the mineral has a yellow to orange interference colour, straight extinction and positive elongation, and is nonpleochroic. The average chemical formula of the mineral derived from electron microprobe analyses is: (Ca1.48Na0.50Sr0.02 K0.01)(Si1.99Al0.01O7). Alumoåkermanite is tetragonal, space group P421m with a = 7.7661(4) Å, c = 5.0297(4) Å, V = 303.4(1) Å3 and Z = 2. The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I/Io), hkl] are: 3.712, (13), (111); 3.075, (25), (201); 2.859, (100), (211); 2.456, (32), (311); 1.757, (19), (312). Single-crystal structure refinement (R1 = 0.018) revealed structure topology typical of the melilite-group minerals, i.e. tetrahedral [(Al,Mg)(Si2O7)] sheets interleaved with layers of (CaNa) cations. The name reflects the chemical composition of the mineral.
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Geiger, Christophe, Jonathan Griffiths, Martin Senftleben, Lionel Bently, and Raquel Xalabarder. "Limitations and Exceptions as Key Elements of the Legal Framework for Copyright in the European Union – Opinion of the European Copyright Society on the Judgment of the CJEU in Case C-201/13 Deckmyn." IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 46, no. 1 (February 2015): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40319-015-0297-0.
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Hocker, M., Z. Zhang, D. A. Fenstermacher, S. Tagerud, M. Chulak, D. Joseph, and T. C. Wang. "Rat histidine decarboxylase promoter is regulated by gastrin through a protein kinase C pathway." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 270, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): G619—G633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1996.270.4.g619.
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The enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC; EC 4.1.1.22), which converts L-histidine to histamine, plays a key role in the regulation of acid secretion. In the rat and human stomach, the peptide hormone gastrin appears to be one of the main regulators of HDC expression. In rats, marked elevation of gastric HDC mRNA abundance was observed within 12 h after induction of hypergastrinemia by a single injection of the proton-pump blocker omeprazole. In situ hybridization revealed that HDC expression occurred in the basal third of gastric glands where enterochromaffin-like cells are localized. To study the regulation of HDC gene transcription, 1,291 nucleotides of the 5'-flanking region of the rat HDC gene and the noncoding portion of exon 1 were cloned and sequenced. Gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) octapeptide equipotently stimulated the transcriptional activity of the rat HDC promoter three- to fourfold, and deletion analysis revealed the presence of a gastrin response element within 201 nucleotides upstream of the translational start site. Time-course studies revealed maximal activation of the HDC promoter after 12-36 h. Direct stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) substantially elevated rat HDC promoter activity, whereas induction of Ca2+ -dependent signaling pathways with thapsigargin was without effect. Downregulation or blockade of PKC abolished the effects of gastrin and PMA on the HDC promoter. These data indicate that stimulation of the CCK-B/gastrin receptor activates the rat HDC promoter in a time- and dose-dependent fashion and that this effect is primarily mediated via a PKC-dependent signaling pathway. Use of HDC as a model gene will allow further investigation of the intracellular pathways that are involved in gastrin-dependent gene regulation.
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Álvarez-Ortega, Sergio, Sergei A. Subbotin, and Reyes Peña-Santiago. "Morphological and molecular characterisation of Californian species of Metaporcelaimus Lordello, 1965 (Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae), with a new concept of the genus." Nematology 15, no. 3 (2013): 251–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002674.
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Two new and one known species of Metaporcelaimus from Californian natural habitats were studied using morphological and molecular approaches. Metaporcelaimus marinensis sp. n. is characterised by its body 1.99-2.48 mm long, lip region offset by deep constriction and 14-15 μm broad, odontostyle 13-15 μm long, neck 456-529 μm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 47-50% of total neck length, pharyngo-intestinal junction bearing a dorsal lobe, uterus tripartite and 201-262 μm long, pars refringens vaginae well developed, V = 55-58, tail conical (43-55 μm, c = 43-52, c′ = 1.3-1.6) with its inner core somewhat notched and nearly reaching the tip, spicules 54-63 μm long and 6-7 spaced ventromedian supplements located outside the range of the spicules. Metaporcelaimus ovogranulosus sp. n. is distinguished in having body 1.54-1.96 mm long, lip region offset by deep constriction and 17-19 μm broad, odontostyle 17-19 μm long, neck 415-539 μm long, pharyngeal occupying 49-53% of total neck length, uterus simple and 27-41 μm long, uterine eggs granulate, pars refringens vaginae well developed, V = 48-51, tail conical (35-44 μm, c = 39-52, c′ = 1.4-1.6) with its inner core notched and nearly reaching the tip, and male unknown. Measurements and LM illustrations are also provided for M. capitatus. Metaporcelaimus was morphologically compared with Aporcelaimellus. The analysis revealed that these genera are barely distinguishable from each other. Aporcelaimellus species can be separated into two groups, one of them being morphologically similar to Metaporcelaimus. Molecular data and the derived evolutionary tree show that Metaporcelaimus and Aporcelaimellus do not share a recent common ancestor. Consequently, a new concept is proposed for Metaporcelaimus, M. ahmadi sp. n. is proposed for A. coomansi apud Ahmad nec Baqri & Khera, and 16 species of Aporcelaimellus are transferred to Metaporcelaimus. An updated list of Metaporcelaimus species with their synonyms, a key to their identification and a tabular compendium with important taxonomic morphometric characters are given.
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Ariu, F., E. Sanna Passino, A. Piras, V. Melosu, M. Maioli, A. Castagna, V. Fontani, S. Rinaldi, and L. Bogliolo. "78 Radio electric asymmetric conveyer treatment during prolonged cold storage of ovaries enhances developmental competence of oocytes in the domestic cat model." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, no. 2 (2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv32n2ab78.
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Hypothermic storage (4°C) of ovaries for long-distance transport holds great potential to expand access to fertility preservation in animals and humans (Duncan et al. 2016 Reproduction 152, 201-210). However, storage for prolonged periods (over 24h) leads to structural/functional changes in the ovarian tissue with a critical reduction of follicular viability and oocyte quality (Piras et al. 2018 Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 10, 16-76; Isachenko et al. 2009 Fertil. Steril. 91, 1556-1559). The radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) is a novel technology platform for neuro and bio-modulation that optimize the ion fluxes and the mechanisms driving cellular asymmetry and polarization in biological structures (Maioli et al. 2016 Sci. Rep. 6, 28682). The REAC has already proved to be effective in promoting cell differentiation and reprogramming and to counteract the biological mechanisms linked to aging and the degenerative process (Berlinguer et al. 2017 Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 15, 11; Maioli et al. 2014 Age 36, 9-20). In the present study, the domestic cat was used as an experimental model to evaluate the effect of REAC treatment during ovary storage at 4°C for 48h on invitro developmental ability of oocytes retrieved from antral follicles. Ovaries harvested from healthy domestic queens during ovariectomy were randomly assigned to the REAC-treated (R: n=13) and untreated (C: n=13) groups. In detail, ovaries were maintained in 4mL of phosphate-buffered saline at 4°C for 48h. The REAC device was set at 2.4 GHz, and its conveyer electrodes were immersed into the phosphate-buffered saline. After 48h, ovaries were sliced to release cumulus-oocyte complexes, which were selected according to their morphological characteristics (Johnston et al. 1991 Biol. Reprod. 45, 898-906) for IVM (R: n=130; C: n=133). Matured oocytes were fertilised (IVF) with frozen-thawed epididymal spermatozoa and presumptive zygote were invitro cultured (IVC) for 7 days. On Day 2 and Day 7 of IVC, respectively, the number of embryos cleaved and developing to the blastocyst stage was determined. The IVM, IVF, and IVC were performed according to the procedure of Piras et al. (2018 Reprod. Biol. End. 16, 76). Data were analysed by chi-square test with STATA\IC 11.0. Maturation rate of oocytes did not differ between groups (R: n=59/130, 45.4%; C: n=66/133, 49.6%). Cleavage rate was higher (P<0.05) in the R group (n=34/59, 57.6%) compared with the C group (n=25/66, 37.9%). The percentages of blastocyst formation relative to the number of cleaved embryos (R: n=12/34, 35.3%; C: n=3/25 12.0%) and to the total number of MII oocytes (R: n=12/59, 20.4%; C: n=3/66, 4.5%) increased (P<0.05) after REAC treatment compared with the untreated counterpart. In conclusion, REAC treatment during cold storage of cat ovaries for 48h positively affected the quality of oocytes as assessed by invitro embryo production outcome. The REAC technology could provide a useful approach for the optimization of ovarian tissue transport conditions for fertility preservation especially for endangered species and patients with fertility-threatening conditions.
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Mazzoni, Francesca, Fabiana Letizia Cecere, Giulia Meoni, Costanza Giuliani, Andrea Camerini, Giacomo Allegrini, Domenico Amoroso, et al. "Customized first-line chemotherapy according to ERCC1 and RRM1 SNPs in advanced NSCLC patients: A phase II study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e18074-e18074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e18074.
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e18074 Background: Excision repair cross complementing group 1 (ERCC1) and ribonucleotide reductase1 (RRM1) expression levels are predictive of CT efficacy in some malignancies. “Customized” CT has several advantages: (1) pts are more likely to be treated with agents that they will respond to, (2) pts can be spared the toxicity of agents that they are resistant to, (3) effective treatment can be delivered early in the course of disease. Methods: We planned a phase II multicentric open label study in two steps (based on Simon design) to evaluate ERCC1 SNPs (T118C and C8092A) and RRM1 SNPs (-37C>A and -524T>C) in advanced NSCLC pts. Here we report the first step for futility. Pts received first line CT according to the assessed ERCC1 and RRM1 SNPs status and the correlated expression levels: treatment A (low ERCC1 and low RRM1) Cisplatin plus Gemcitabine; treatment B (low ERCC1 and high RRM1) Cisplatin plus Docetaxel; treatment C (high ERCC1 and low RRM1) Gemcitabine plus Docetaxel; treatment D (high ERCC1 and high RRM1) Docetaxel plus Vinorelbine. Results: 42 pts were enrolled from Jan. 2010 to Oct. 201, 40 pts received at least 1 cycle of CT; median age was 66 yrs (range 47-73); 33 pts were males; 23(55%) pts were ECOG PS 0, 19(45%) PS 1; all pts had stage IV; 23(55%) pts had adenoca, 13(31%) squamous, 6(14%) other types; 25(62%) pts received treatment A, 3(8%) treatment B, 11(27%) treatment C, 1(3%) treatment D. As primary end-point we assessed the overall best response: 18(45%) pts achieved PR, 12(30%) SD, 8(20%) PD, 2(5%) pts were not evaluable. Updated information on OS and PFS will be presented. CT was well tolerated, there were no treatment related deaths. Conclusions: We observed an improved RR in this setting of NSCLC pts treated with CT according to ERCC1 and RRM1 SNPs status. We are planning to continue the second step of this trial (total 110 pts).
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Firsov, Alexander A., Sergey N. Vostrov, Irene Y. Lubenko, Karl Drlica, Yury A. Portnoy, and Stephen H. Zinner. "In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of the Mutant Selection Window Hypothesis Using Four Fluoroquinolones against Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 5 (May 2003): 1604–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.5.1604-1613.2003.
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ABSTRACT To study the hypothesis of the mutant selection window (MSW) in a pharmacodynamic context, the susceptibility of a clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exposed to moxifloxacin (MOX), gatifloxacin (GAT), levofloxacin (LEV), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) was tested daily by using an in vitro dynamic model that simulates human pharmacokinetics. A series of monoexponential pharmacokinetic profiles that mimic once-daily administration of MOX (half-life, 12 h), GAT (half-life, 7 h), and LEV (half-life, 6.8 h) and twice-daily administration of CIP (half-life, 4 h) provided peak concentrations (C max) that either equaled the MIC, fell between the MIC and the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) (i.e., within or “inside” the MSW), or exceeded the MPC. The respective ratios of the area under the curve (AUC) over a 24-h dosing interval (AUC24) to the MIC varied from 13 to 244 h, and the starting inoculum was 108 CFU/ml (6 × 109 CFU per 60-ml central compartment). With all four quinolones, the greatest increases in MIC were observed at those AUC24/MIC values (from 24 to 62 h) that corresponded to quinolone concentrations within the MSW over most of the dosing interval (>20%). Less-pronounced increases in MIC were associated with the smallest simulated AUC24/MIC values (15 to 16 h) of GAT and CIP, whose C max exceeded the MICs. No such increases were observed with the smallest AUC24/MIC values (13 to 17 h) of MOX and LEV, whose C max were close to the MICs. Also, less pronounced but significant increases in MIC occurred at AUC24/MIC values (107 to 123 h) that correspond to quinolone concentrations partly overlapping the MIC-to-MPC range. With all four drugs, no change in MIC was seen at the highest AUC24/MIC values (201 to 244 h), where quinolone concentrations exceeded the MPC over most of the dosing interval. These “protective” AUC24/MIC ratios correspond to 66% of the usual clinical dose of MOX (400 mg), 190% of a 400-mg dose of GAT, 220% of a 500-mg dose of LEV, and 420% of two 500-mg doses of CIP. Thus, MOX may protect against resistance development at subtherapeutic doses, whereas GAT, LEV, and CIP provide similar effects only at doses that exceed their usual clinical doses. These data support the concept that resistant mutants are selectively enriched when antibiotic concentrations fall inside the MSW and suggest that in vitro dynamic models can be used to predict the relative abilities of quinolones to prevent mutant selection.
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Clark, Nancye C., Ørjan Olsvik, Jana M. Swenson, Carol A. Spiegel, and Fred C. Tenover. "Detection of a Streptomycin/Spectinomycin Adenylyltransferase Gene (aadA) in Enterococcus faecalis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.1.157.
Full textAbstract:
Genes encoding streptomycin/spectinomycin adenylyltransferases [ANT(3")(9)] have been reported to exist in gram-negative organisms and Staphylococcus aureus. During a study of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci, we encountered an isolate ofEnterococcus faecalis that was streptomycin resistant but did not appear to contain the 6′-adenylyltransferase gene (aadE) when examined by PCR with specific primers. Phosphocellulose paper binding assays indicated the presence of an ANT(3")(9) enzyme. Streptomycin and spectinomycin MICs of 4,000 and 8,000 μg/ml, respectively, were observed for the isolate. PCR primers corresponding to a highly conserved region of the aadA gene were used to amplify a specific 284-bp product. The product hybridized with a digoxigenin-labeled PCR product from E. coliC600(pHP45Ω) known to contain the aadA gene. TheaadA gene was transferred via filter matings from theE. faecalis donor to E. faecalisJH2-2. PCR primers designed for analysis of integrons were used to amplify a 1-kb product containing the aadA gene, which was cloned into the vector pCRII and transformed into Escherichia coli DH5-α competent cells. d-Rhodamine dye terminator cycle sequencing was used to determine the gene sequence, which was compared to previously reported sequences of aadAgenes. We found the aadA gene in E. faecalis to be identical to the aadA genes reported by Sundström et al. for E. coli plasmid R6-5 (L. Sundström, P. Rådström, G. Swedberg, and O. Sköld, Mol. Gen. Genet. 213:191–201, 1988), by Fling et al. for theaadA within transposon Tn7 (M. E. Fling, J. Kopf, and C. Richards, Nucleic Acids Res. 13:7095–7106, 1985), and by Hollingshead and Vapnek for E. coliR538-1 (S. Hollingshead and D. Vapnek, Plasmid 13:17–30, 1985). Previous reports of the presence of the aadA gene in enterococci appear to be erroneous and probably describe anaadE gene, since the isolates were reported to be susceptible to spectinomycin.
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Barbosa, Natália Guarino Souza, Rogério de Paula Lana, Gulab Newandram Jham, Arnaldo Chaer Borges, Antônio Bento Mâncio, José Carlos Pereira, and Juliana Silva Oliveira. "Consumo e fermentação ruminal de proteínas em função de suplementação alimentar energética e protéica em novilhos." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 30, no. 5 (October 2001): 1558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982001000600025.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivou-se analisar o efeito de suplementação energética sobre o consumo e a fermentação ruminal de proteínas em dois níveis de proteína dietética (6 e 20%). Quatro novilhos mestiços fistulados no rúmen foram utilizados em um quadrado latino e os tratamentos arranjados em um fatorial 2 × 2, em que as dietas testadas constituíram-se de: A. só feno; B. feno + 2,8 kg de farelo de soja; C. feno + 2,8 kg de fubá de milho; e D. feno + 2,8 kg de farelo de soja + 2,8 kg de fubá de milho. Foram realizados quatro períodos experimentais constituídos de 18 dias, sendo sete dias para adaptação dos animais, sete dias para determinação do consumo de matéria seca e quatro dias para coleta de amostras. As coletas foram feitas através de fístula ruminal nos tempos zero, dois, quatro e seis horas após a alimentação, sendo utilizadas para determinações das concentrações de amônia, pH e AGV do líquido ruminal. Não houve interações entre o fubá de milho e o farelo de soja, assim como não ocorreu efeito do tempo de coleta sobre os parâmetros estudados. O farelo de soja reduziu a relação acetato:propionato (A:P) em 13%, aumentou o consumo de matéria seca total (CMSt) em 41,2%, sem alterar o consumo de forragem e o pH, e aumentou as concentrações de amônia (790%), propionato (48%), AGV total (39%), isobutirato (165%), isovalerato (208%) e valerato (201%). O fubá de milho não afetou a fermentação de proteína, embora tenha causado aumento no CMSt (35%) e decréscimo no pH ruminal (6%) e na relação A:P (18%).
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Sadeeq, Tara, Ayse Arikan, Tamer Sanlidag, Emrah Guler, and Kaya Suer. "Big Concern for Public Health: Microbial Contamination of Mobile Phones." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 15, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 798–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.13708.
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Introduction: Mobile phones are dynamic source of microorganisms in households and professional settings. The aim was to determine the prevalence of bacterial contamination of the mobile phones, identify bacterial isolates, assess their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and define the efficiency of using disinfectant.
Methodology: This study included 233 dental students from Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry. Swab samples taken from mobile phones before and after disinfection were inoculated onto 5% sheep blood medium and eosin methylene blue medium and incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24-48 hours. Mold-growing mix cultures were sub-cultured on the sabouraud dextrose medium and allowed to grow at room temperature. Conventional microbiological techniques and VITEK 2 automated identification system were used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were verified by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique according to the European Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Committee criteria. Mold colonies were identified macroscopic and microscopically according to their phenotypic properties using lacto-phenol cotton blue stain.
Results: Microbial contamination of mobile phones was 81% (120.953 cfu/ml) in swab samples taken without using alcohol-based wipes however, microbial contamination in swab samples taken after one-time disinfection was determined to be 21% (201 cfu/ml). The most common microorganisms isolated were coagulase negative Staphylococci (69%) and Aspergillus niger (13%). All of the isolated bacteria were susceptible to all antibiotics used.
Conclusions: This study represents the first data on the rate of microbial contamination on mobile phones in Northern Cyprus and the efficiency of the use of alcohol to disinfect the mobile phones.
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Del Giudice, Ilaria, Nnenna Osuji, Estella Matutes, Alison Morilla, Ricardo Morilla, Anna Burford, Sonia Maravelaki, et al. "ZAP-70 Expression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Correlation with Clinical and Biological Features." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 1915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1915.1915.
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Abstract One of the most intriguing features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is its clinical heterogeneity. The mutational status of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgVH) genes is one of the most powerful predictors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The expression of the tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 in CLL cells has been proposed as a surrogate marker for the mutational status of IgVH genes. Recent reports suggest that ZAP-70 over-expression is an independent prognostic factor for shorter OS and PFS. There is little information about correlation between ZAP-70 expression and other clinical and biological features in CLL. The aims of this study are 1) to evaluate prospectively ZAP-70 expression in a series of CLL patients; 2) to correlate this with clinical stage, lymphocyte morphology, CD38 expression and chromosomal abnormalities detected by FISH and 3) to analyze the independent prognostic value of ZAP-70 in predicting time to first treatment (treatment free interval, TFI). ZAP-70 expression was analyzed using four-colour flow cytometry (as described by Crespo et al, NEJM2003; 348:1764–75). 201 previously untreated CLL patients were evaluated at diagnosis (32%) or during the disease course. Amongst them, 143 patients were entered in the LRF CLL4 trial. Clinical stage at the time of the study was A in 92 patients (A progressive in 46), B in 63 and C in 46. 28% were ZAP-70 positive (+) (cut-off ≥ 20% of CD5/CD19+ cells). ZAP-70 positivity was associated with prevalence of stage B/C at diagnosis (p=0.004), CLL with >10% prolymphocytes (CLL/PL) or atypical morphology (p<0.001), CD38 positivity (regardless of the cut-off point) (p<0.001), trisomy12 (p=0.001), del(6)(q21) (p=0.05) or no detectable abnormalities (0.002). ZAP-70 negative (−) cases presented more often with del(13)(q14) (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the frequency of del(11)(q23) or delp53 between ZAP-70(+) and ZAP-70(−) cases. Median time from diagnosis to first treatment (treatment free interval, TFI) was 17.7 months for ZAP-70(+) and 44.6 months for ZAP-70(−) cases (p<0.001). The presence of the following parameters was associated with short TFI in univariate analysis: male sex (p=0.02), atypical morphology (p=0.02), clinical stage B/C (p<0.001), ZAP-70(+) (p<0.001), CD38+ (p<0.001), absence of del(13)(q14) (p<0.001), presence of delp53 (p=0.05). Multivariate analysis is being performed. In conclusion, we document a significant correlation between ZAP-70 over-expression in CLL and other adverse prognostic factors (such as CD38 and advanced stage), provide new data concerning its association with cytogenetic abnormalities detected by FISH and demonstrate the prognostic value of ZAP-70 expression.
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Anzolini, Chiara, Fei Wang, Garrett A. Harris, Andrew J. Locock, Dongzhou Zhang, Fabrizio Nestola, Luca Peruzzo, Steven D. Jacobsen, and D. Graham Pearson. "Nixonite, Na2Ti6O13, a new mineral from a metasomatized mantle garnet pyroxenite from the western Rae Craton, Darby kimberlite field, Canada." American Mineralogist 104, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 1336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-7023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Nixonite (IMA 2018-133), ideally Na2Ti6O13, is a new mineral found within a heavily metasomatized pyroxenite xenolith from the Darby kimberlite field, beneath the west-central Rae Craton, Canada. It occurs as microcrystalline aggregates, 15 to 40 μm in length. Nixonite is isostructural with jeppeite, K2Ti6O13, with a structure consisting of edge- and corner-shared titanium-centered octahedra that enclose alkali-metal ions. The Mohs hardness is estimated to be between 5 and 6 by comparison to jeppeite, and the calculated density is 3.51(1) g/cm3. Electron microprobe wavelength-dispersive spectroscopic analysis (average of 6 points) yielded: Na2O 6.87, K2O 5.67, CaO 0.57, TiO2 84.99, V2O3 0.31, Cr2O3 0.04, MnO 0.01, Fe2O3 0.26, SrO 0.07, total 98.79 wt%. The empirical formula, based on 13 O atoms, is: (Na1.24K0.67Ca0.06)Σ1.97(Ti5.96V0.023Fe0.018)Σ6.00O13 with minor amounts of Cr and Mn. Nixonite is monoclinic, space group C2/m, with unit-cell parameters a = 15.3632(26) Å, b = 3.7782(7) Å, c = 9.1266(15) Å, β = 99.35(15)°, and V = 522.72(1) Å3, Z = 2. Based on the average of seven integrated multi-grain diffraction images, the strongest diffraction lines are [dobs in Å (I in %) (hkl)]: 3.02 (100) (310), 3.66 (75) (110), 7.57 (73) (200), 6.31 (68) (201), 2.96 (63) (311), 2.96 (63) (203), and 2.71 (62) (402). The five main Raman peaks of nixonite, in order of decreasing intensity, are at 863, 280, 664, 135, and 113 cm–1. Nixonite is named after Peter H. Nixon, a renowned scientist in the field of kimberlites and mantle xenoliths. Nixonite occurs within a pyroxenite xenolith in a kimberlite, in association with rutile, priderite, perovskite, freudenbergite, and ilmenite. This complex Na-K-Ti-rich metasomatic mineral assemblage may have been produced by a fractionated Na-rich kimberlitic melt that infiltrated a mantle-derived garnet pyroxenite and reacted with rutile during kimberlite crystallization.
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Zenz, Thorsten, Jana Smadova, Dominik Vollmer, Martin Trbusek, Axel Benner, Sonja Häbe, Tina Denzel, et al. "TP53 Abnormalities in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Exhibit a Disease Specific Profile: Meta-Analysis of 270 Mutations." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2077.2077.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract TP53 mutations have been shown to occur in 5–40% of CLL patients depending on the clinical background (early stage/refractory disease). They are associated with a poor response to standard chemotherapy with alkylators and purine analogues and dismal clinical course. Because previous studies have examined small cohorts without detailed molecular characterization, the exact TP53 mutation profile and a correlation of TP53 mutation pattern, allele status and associated molecular genetics has not been possible. We performed a large scale mutation analysis of TP53 at four centres and pooled the data to characterize the pattern of TP53 mutations in CLL. The methods of mutational analysis included DHPLC (n=149 mutations), FASAY assay (n=63), direct sequencing (n=28) and a TP53 custom re-sequencing chip (n=30). We performed a comparison to a group of 463 patients without TP53 mutation. We found 270 mutations in 256 patients with CLL (14 with 2 mutations) out of over 1000 screened cases. Transversions, small deletions and insertions were observed less commonly (86/270; 44/270; 9/270 resp.). Missense mutations appeared in 74% of cases, compared to frameshift (20%), nonsense (4%) and splice site (2%) mutations. As expected, the majority (246/270) of mutations were located in the DNA binding domain of p53, predominantly represented by missense mutations (80%). Outside this central core domain, frame-shift (52%) and nonsense mutations (26%) were more frequent. Transitions were found in 131 of 270 mutations, with only 41 occurring at methylated CpG sites (15%). Interestingly, the number of G-A mutations was markedly higher in comparison with C-T mutations at the CpGs (27 vs. 14). Since the former alteration may reflect a C-T transition on non-coding, transcribed DNA strand, we hypothesize that these mutations might be selected for during a prolonged G1-phase, which is characteristic for CLL cells. Genomic aberrations detected by FISH were available for 261/270 cases. Most mutations (201/270) were accompanied by deletion of the other allele (17p-). Nonetheless, TP53 mutations were also found in cases with no aberrations (n=18) and 13q- as the sole abnormality (n=24). There appeared to be a higher frequency of frameshift mutations in the 17p- subgroup (22% vs. 13%) although the comparison did not reach statistical significance. Interestingly, trisomy 12 (without 17p- or 11q-) was only found in a single case with TP53 mutation compared to 54/463 in the cohort without mutation (P<0.0001). We quite frequently observed a deletion 11q- (36/270) accompanying the abnormalities of one (14/60) as well as of both (22/201) TP53 alleles (mutation/deletion). 11q deletion may not be a simple alternative to p53 inactivation, as it has been proposed previously. Chemotherapy before mutation analysis was noted in 106 cases. The mutational profile was not different in the cohorts with and without prior therapy suggesting that the mechanism underlying the development of mutations may be similar independent of treatment. When comparing the predicted functional activity of the mutated TP53 in different cytogenetic subgroups (http://p53.free.fr/Database/p53_recomendations.html) we observed a significantly lower residual activity (WAF1 promotor) of the missense mutations in the 17p- subgroup compared to the patients with 13q- (single) and a TP53 mutation (median 6,815 vs. 10,31 p<0,0001). Seventy percent of missense mutations (140/201) were located in 30 different codons. The amino acids most frequently mutated were at positions 179, 209, 248 and 273. This indicates that the classical hot spots are also commonly mutated in CLL. Codons 175, 248, and 273 made up for 11% of the mutations, but we identified three other commonly mutated codons (179, 209, 220) that also made up for 10% of the mutations in CLL. The mutation pattern of TP53 shows a comparatively small amount of transitions at CpG sites indicating a relatively negligible contribution of endogenous mutability at methylated cytosine. In addition, CLL is characterized by a high incidence of deleterious frame-shift mutations compared to other cancers. The high frequency of mutations at codon 209 in our cohort suggests this as a new hot spot of TP53 abnormalities associated with CLL.
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Herrera, Kerly, Angie Pilataxi, and Francisco Caicedo. "RIESGOS DE DESASTRES NATURALES Y SU IMPACTO FINANCIERO: CASO DE ESTUDIO EN EL SECTOR INMOBILIARIO EN LA PROVINCIA DE COTOPAXI." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 24, no. 105 (October 11, 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v24i105.377.
Full textAbstract:
El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el impacto financiero del sector inmobiliario en la provincia de Cotopaxi ante los riesgos de desastres naturales en la zona. La metodología partió de un enfoque cuantitativo según los datos obtenidos de una encuesta dirigida a 43 gerentes de las organizaciones de la zona registradas en la Superintendencia de Compañías al cierre del año 2019. Como resultado principal se demostró que, las principales afectaciones sociales y económicas afectaron a las empresas y migraron a otras regiones del país. Se concluye que, luego de haber recibido el impacto de la reactivación volcánica las empresas no han podido recuperarse de las pérdidas económicas, disminución de sus ganancias, e incremento de la deuda con el Servicio de Rentas Internas. Lo que ha sido consecuencia directa de la inadecuada preparación organizacional prevista para enfrentar la ocurrencia de un desastre natural.
Palabras Clave: desastres naturales, impacto financiero, sector inmobiliario.
Referencias
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Beaumont, S. E., M. C. Berg, K. Strongman, D. P. Saywell, and D. K. Berg. "188 DIRECT-THAW TRANS-CERVICAL TRANSFER OF RED DEER FROZEN IN VITRO BLASTOCYSTS CAN RESULT IN PREGNANCIES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab188.
Full textAbstract:
The seasonal demand for farmed venison in New Zealand has necessitated the concentration of red deer breeding into the first month of the four-month breeding season. Because of this constraint it is difficult to obtain enough in vitro-produced blastocysts for transfer. Successful cryopreservation would enable embryos produced and stored throughout the breeding season to be available for transfer the following year. In vitro red deer calves have been successfully produced after trans-cervical transfers in a limited number of red deer (Berg DK et al. 2004 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 16, 201 abst). We determined the viability of frozen blastocysts following trans-cervical transfer to recipient hinds using the direct-thaw method. In two replications, abattoir derived red deer COCs were selected and matured in vitro (Berg DK et al. 2002 Ani. Reprod. Sci. 70, 85–98). Oocytes were randomly divided into two groups and fertilized with either red deer sperm using IVF-Deer SOF (DSOF), or wapiti sperm using IVF-SOF. All presumptive zygotes were cultured for 6 days in DSOF (Beaumont SE et al. 2004 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 16, 268 abst). Cleavage was recorded on Day 4 and embryos were evaluated on Day 7. Grade 1 and 2 blastocysts were selected and equilibrated in 1.5 M ethylene glycol with 0.1 M sucrose, frozen from −5 to −38°C at a rate of 0.3°C per min and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Twenty synchronized farmed deer hinds (13 red deer to receive red deer blastocysts, and 7 F1 wapiti/red hybrids to receive F1 blastocysts) were prepared for transfer (Berg DK et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 189–205). Only Grade 1 blastocysts were selected for transfer. Straws were thawed for 5 s in air, immersed in a 30°C water bath for 20 s, directly diluted, and loaded into cattle transfer pistolettes. Each embryo was deposited in the uterine horn. A modified pistolette, fitted with a Mariensee tip (Minitüb, 84184 Tiefenbach, Germany) was used to dilate difficult cervices (n = 4). Pregnancies were confirmed by ultrasonography on Day 35. Results were evaluated using chi-square analysis. Embryo cleavage rates ranged from 74 to 85% and were not different between the two sires. Blastocyst development rates (from cleaved zygotes) were similar for both sires; wapiti 15% (43/279) and red deer 14% (34/246). A total of 24 wapiti/red hybrid and 17 red deer blastocysts were frozen. Eighteen of 20 hinds (90%) received embryos, 11/13 red deer receiving red deer embryos and 7/7 F1 wapiti/red hybrids receiving F1 wapiti/red hybrid embryos. The cervices of two red deer hinds were impenetrable. Pregnancy rates were not different between the 2 groups of recipients, with 29% (2/7) of the wapiti hybrids and 45% (5/11) of red deer confirmed pregnant. These preliminary results demonstrate, for the first time, that farmed deer pregnancies can be established from frozen in vitro-produced embryos after direct-thaw and trans-cervical transfer to synchronized hinds.
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Christensen, T. H., H. Prentice, R. Gahlmann, and L. Kedes. "Regulation of the human cardiac/slow-twitch troponin C gene by multiple, cooperative, cell-type-specific, and MyoD-responsive elements." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 11 (November 1993): 6752–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.11.6752.
Full textAbstract:
The cardiac troponin C (cTnC) gene produces identical transcripts in slow-twitch skeletal muscle and in heart muscle (R. Gahlmann, R. Wade, P. Gunning, and L. Kedes, J. Mol. Biol. 201:379-391, 1988). A separate gene encodes the fast-twitch skeletal muscle troponin C and is not expressed in heart muscle. We have used transient transfection to characterize the regulatory elements responsible for skeletal and cardiac cell-type-specific expression of the human cTnC (HcTnC) gene. At least four separate elements cooperate to confer tissue-specific expression of this gene in differentiated myotubes; a basal promoter (between -61 and -13) augments transcription 9-fold, upstream major regulatory sequences (between -68 and -142 and between -1319 and -4500) augment transcription as much as 39-fold, and at least two enhancer-like elements in the first intron (between +58 and +1028 and between +1029 and +1523) independently augment transcription 4- to 5-fold. These enhancers in the first intron increase myotube-specific chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity when linked to their own promoter elements or to the heterologous simian virus 40 promoter, and the effects are multiplicative rather than additive. Each of the major myotube regulatory regions is capable of responding directly or indirectly to the myogenic determination factor, MyoD.A MyoD expression vector in 10T1/2 cells induced constructs carrying either the upstream HcTnC promoter elements or the first intron of the gene 300- to 500-fold. Expression was inhibited by cotransfection with Id, a negative regulator of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. The basal promoter contains five tandem TGGGC repeats that interact with Sp1 or an Sp1-like factor in nuclear extracts. Mutational analysis of this element demonstrated that two of the five repeat sequences were sufficient to support basal level muscle cell-specific transcription. Whereas the basal promoter is also critical for expression in cardiac myocytes, the elements upstream of -67 appear to play little or no role. Major augmentation of expression in cardiomyocytes is also provided by sequences in the first intron, but these are upstream (between +58 and +1028). The downstream segment of the first intron has no enhancer activity in cardiomyocytes. A specific DNA-protein complex is formed by this C2 cell enhancer with extracts from C2 cells but not cardiomyocytes. These observations suggest that tissue-specific expression of the HcTnC gene is cooperatively regulated by the complex interactions of multiple regulatory elements and that different elements are used to regulate expression in myogenic and cardiac cells.
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Christensen, T. H., H. Prentice, R. Gahlmann, and L. Kedes. "Regulation of the human cardiac/slow-twitch troponin C gene by multiple, cooperative, cell-type-specific, and MyoD-responsive elements." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 11 (November 1993): 6752–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.11.6752-6765.1993.
Full textAbstract:
The cardiac troponin C (cTnC) gene produces identical transcripts in slow-twitch skeletal muscle and in heart muscle (R. Gahlmann, R. Wade, P. Gunning, and L. Kedes, J. Mol. Biol. 201:379-391, 1988). A separate gene encodes the fast-twitch skeletal muscle troponin C and is not expressed in heart muscle. We have used transient transfection to characterize the regulatory elements responsible for skeletal and cardiac cell-type-specific expression of the human cTnC (HcTnC) gene. At least four separate elements cooperate to confer tissue-specific expression of this gene in differentiated myotubes; a basal promoter (between -61 and -13) augments transcription 9-fold, upstream major regulatory sequences (between -68 and -142 and between -1319 and -4500) augment transcription as much as 39-fold, and at least two enhancer-like elements in the first intron (between +58 and +1028 and between +1029 and +1523) independently augment transcription 4- to 5-fold. These enhancers in the first intron increase myotube-specific chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity when linked to their own promoter elements or to the heterologous simian virus 40 promoter, and the effects are multiplicative rather than additive. Each of the major myotube regulatory regions is capable of responding directly or indirectly to the myogenic determination factor, MyoD.A MyoD expression vector in 10T1/2 cells induced constructs carrying either the upstream HcTnC promoter elements or the first intron of the gene 300- to 500-fold. Expression was inhibited by cotransfection with Id, a negative regulator of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. The basal promoter contains five tandem TGGGC repeats that interact with Sp1 or an Sp1-like factor in nuclear extracts. Mutational analysis of this element demonstrated that two of the five repeat sequences were sufficient to support basal level muscle cell-specific transcription. Whereas the basal promoter is also critical for expression in cardiac myocytes, the elements upstream of -67 appear to play little or no role. Major augmentation of expression in cardiomyocytes is also provided by sequences in the first intron, but these are upstream (between +58 and +1028). The downstream segment of the first intron has no enhancer activity in cardiomyocytes. A specific DNA-protein complex is formed by this C2 cell enhancer with extracts from C2 cells but not cardiomyocytes. These observations suggest that tissue-specific expression of the HcTnC gene is cooperatively regulated by the complex interactions of multiple regulatory elements and that different elements are used to regulate expression in myogenic and cardiac cells.
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Maiti, Abhishek, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Farhad Ravandi, Deborah A. Thomas, Maria Khouri, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Rebecca S. Garris, et al. "Updated results of frontline ofatumumab-hyper-CVAD in adults with CD20+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 7033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.7033.
Full textAbstract:
7033 Background: Chemoimmunotherapy is an effective frontline therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Ofatumumab (O) binds to a proximal small-loop epitope on CD20 and is more potent in vitro than rituximab. Here we report interim results of its combination with hyper-CVAD (HCVAD) in adult patients (pts) with CD20+ ALL. Methods: Since 7/2011, we have enrolled 63 pts with Ph-negative CD20+ ALL (59 newly diagnosed, 4 previously treated). For the intensive phase, pts received 4 cycles (cy) of HCVAD (odd cy 1, 3, 5, 7) alternating with 4 cy of methotrexate-cytarabine (MTX-Ara-C, even cy 2, 4, 6, 8), and ofatumumab during cy 1-4. For maintenance, pts received POMP for ~30 months (mos), and intensification with MTX/PEGylated asparaginase on mos 6 and 18, and O-HCVAD on mos 7 and 19. Intrathecal MTX-Ara-C was used for CNS prophylaxis. Bulky mediastinal disease was irradiated when indicated. Results: Median age was 41 years (range: 18-71) and median WBC count was 4.6 x109/L (range: 0.6-201 x109/L). 22 pts (35%) had diploid cytogenetics and 8/35 pts (23%) had TP53 mutation. CD20 expression was > 20% in 38 pts (60%), 10-20% in 6 pts (10%) and 1-10% in 16 pts (25%). Median follow-up was 20 mos (range: 1-58) and median number of cy was 8 (range: 1-8). 3 pts (5%) were in CR at the time of enrollment. Of 60 pts evaluable for response, 58 pts (97%) achieved CR; 1 pt achieved CRp and 1 pt died during cy 1 from sepsis. Flow cytometric minimal residual disease (MRD) was negative in 57/62 pts (92%) overall, and in 36/57 pts (57%) at CR. Median time to negative MRD was 0.7 mos. Median time to platelet and neutrophil recovery in cy 1 was 21 and 18 days, respectively. The most common grade 3/4 non-hematological toxicities were infections during induction (49%) and consolidation (72%), elevated transaminases (35%), and hyperbilirubinemia (21%). 5 pts (7%) experienced a grade 3/4 transfusion reaction. 8 pts (13%) received stem cell transplantation in CR1. 10 pts (16%) have relapsed (8 morphological, 2 MRD only). Overall survival and 2-year CR duration rates were 80% and 81%, respectively. Survival outcomes were independent of percentage of CD20 expression. Conclusions: O-HCVAD is safe, effective and results in durable responses in pts with CD20+ ALL. Clinical trial information: NCT01363128.
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Vale, MRL, FAC Afonso, BCD Borges, AC Freitas, A. Farias-Neto, EO Almeida, EJ Souza-Junior, and S. Geraldeli. "Preheating Impact on the Degree of Conversion and Water Sorption/Solubility of Selected Single-bottle Adhesive Systems." Operative Dentistry 39, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/13-201-l.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY Objective This study evaluated the degree of conversion (DC) and the water sorption/solubility of preheated single-bottle adhesive systems. Methods and Materials Five adhesive systems were tested: Adper Easy One and Adper Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE), Excite and Tetric N-Bond (Ivoclar/Vivadent), and XP Bond (Dentsply/Caulk). After storage for two hours at 25°C or 60°C, 50 samples (n=5) were prepared for all adhesive systems and stored dry in lightproof containers at 37°C for 24 hours. Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy was used to evaluate the DC, and water sorption/solubility was measured by means of mass loss and gain after water storage. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results Preheated adhesive systems showed statistically significantly higher DC than those kept at 25°C. Except for XP Bond, preheated adhesive systems presented statistically significantly lower water sorption/solubility means. Conclusions Preheating improved the DC for all tested adhesive systems. Also, it promoted a decrease of water sorption/solubility, except for the XP Bond adhesive system.
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Michalska, Maria, Paweł Grześ, and Jacek Swiderski. "High power, 100 W-class, thulium-doped all-fiber lasers." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i4.953.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, sub-kilowatt, compact thulium-doped fiber laser systems, operating at a wavelength of 1940 nm, have been presented. The continuous-wave laser power generated out of a single oscillator was 90 W with a slope efficiency of 56.7%. Applying a master oscillator – power amplifier configuration, an output power of 120.5 W with a slope efficiency of 58.2% was demonstrated. These are the first results of the works aimed at developing kW-class “eye-safe” laser systems in Poland. Full Text: PDF ReferencesZ. Liu, et al., "Implementing termination analysis on quantum programming", Sci. China Inf. Sci. 62, 41301 (2019) CrossRef S. D. Jackson, A. Sabella, D.G Lancaster, "Application and Development of High-Power and Highly Efficient Silica-Based Fiber Lasers Operating at 2 μm", IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13, 567, (2007). CrossRef E. Russell, N. Kavanagh, K. Shortiss, and F. C. G. Gunning, "Development of thulium-doped fibre amplifiers for the 2μm waveband", Proc. SPIE 10683, 106832Q (2018) CrossRef P. Peterka, B. Faure, W. Blanc, M. Karásek, and B. Dussardier, "Theoretical modelling of S-band thulium-doped silica fibre amplifiers", Opt. Quantum Electron. 36, 201 (2004) CrossRef M. Eichhorn, "Pulsed 2 μm fiber lasers for direct and pumping applications in defence and security", Proc. SPIE 7836, 78360B (2010). CrossRef O. Traxer and E. X. Keller, "Thulium fiber laser: the new player for kidney stone treatment? A comparison with Holmium:YAG laser", World J. Urol. 2019 Feb 6. doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02654-5 CrossRef S. Das, "Optical parametric oscillator: status of tunable radiation in mid-IR to IR spectral range based on ZnGeP2 crystal pumped by solid state lasers", Opt. Quant. Electron. 51, 70 (2019) CrossRef M. Michalska, P. Hlubina, and J. Swiderski, "Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation to ∼4.7 μm in a ZBLAN Fiber Pumped by an Optical Parametric Generator", IEEE Photon. J 9, 3200207 (2017) CrossRef https://www.ipgphotonics.com DirectLink M.D. Burns, P. C. Shardlow, P. Barua, T. L. Jefferson-Brain, J. K. Sahu, and W. A.Clarkson, "47 W continuous-wave 1726 nm thulium fiber laser core-pumped by an erbium fiber laser", Opt. Lett. 44, 5230 (2019) CrossRef S.D. Jackson, "Cross relaxation and energy transfer upconversion processes relevant to the functioning of 2 μm Tm3+-doped silica fibre lasers", Opt. Commun. 230, 197 (2004). CrossRef X. Wang, P. Zhou, X. Wang, H. Xiao, and L. Si, "102 W monolithic single frequency Tm-doped fiber MOPA", Opt. Express 21, 32386 (2013) CrossRef K. Yin, R. Zhu, B. Zhang, G. Liu, P. Zhou, and J. Hou, "300 W-level, wavelength-widely-tunable, all-fiber integrated thulium-doped fiber laser", Opt. Express 24, 11085 (2016) CrossRef G. D. Goodno, L. D. Book, and J. E. Rothenberg, "600-W, single-mode, single-frequency thulium fibre laser amplifier", Proc. SPIE 7195, 71950Y (2009). CrossRef T. Ehrenreich, R. Leveille, I. Majid, K. Tankala, G. Rines, and P. Moulton, "1-kW, all-glass Tm: fiber laser", Proc. SPIE 7580, 1 (2010) DirectLink M. Michalska et al., "Highly stable, efficient Tm-doped fiber laser—a potential scalpel for low invasive surgery", Laser Phys. Lett. 13, 115101 (2016). CrossRef
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Mesa, Ruben A., Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, John V. Catalano, Timothy Devos, Miklos Egyed, Andrzei Hellman, Donal McLornan, et al. "Phase 3 trial of momelotinib (MMB) vs ruxolitinib (RUX) in JAK inhibitor (JAKi) naive patients with myelofibrosis (MF)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 7000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.7000.
Full textAbstract:
7000 Background: MMB, an oral JAKi, has been shown in early trials to reduce spleen volume, improve disease associated symptoms (Sx) and improve RBC transfusion (Tx) requirements in patients (pts) with MF. This study was designed to test non-inferiority of MMB vs RUX in splenic volume reduction and Sx amelioration, and superiority in Tx requirement, in JAKi naïve MF pts. Methods: Eligibility: MF, IPSS high risk, Int-2, or symptomatic Int-1; palpable spleen ≥5cm; platelets ≥ 50 K/μl, and no Gr ≥2 peripheral neuropathy (PN). Stratification by Tx dependency and platelets (<100, 100-200 and >200 K/μl). Pts were randomized 1:1 to 24 wks of MMB 200 mg qd + RUX placebo or RUX 20 mg bid (or modified per label) + MMB placebo, after which all pts could receive open label MMB. Assessments: spleen volume by MRI, and pt reported Sx using a daily eDiary of modified MPN-SAF Total Sx Score (TSS). Primary endpoint was splenic response rate (SRR; ≥35% reduction in volume from baseline) at 24 wks. Secondary endpoints, evaluated sequentially at 24 wks, were rates of TSS response (≥50% reduction from baseline), RBC Tx independence (TI), RBC Tx dependence (TD) and of RBC Tx . Results: 175 of 215 (81%) and 201 of 217 (93%) pts randomized to MMB and RUX, respectively, completed the 24 wk DB phase. Efficacy results are shown in Table. Most common Gr ≥3 AEs in the DB phase with MMB were thrombocytopenia (7%) and anemia (6%), and with RUX were anemia (23%), thrombocytopenia (5%) and neutropenia (5%). Gr ≥3 infections occurred in 7% of MMB and 3% of RUX pts. Treatment emergent PN occurred in 22 (10%) of MMB (all Gr ≤2) and 10 (5%) of RUX (9 Gr ≤2, 1 Gr 3) pts in DB phase, none discontinuing study drug for PN. Overall, AEs led to study drug D/C in 13% of MMB and 6% of RUX pts in DB phase. Conclusions: In pts with JAKi naive MF, 24 weeks of MMB is non-inferior to RUX for spleen response but not for symptom response. MMB treatment is associated with a reduced transfusion requirement. NCT01969838. [Table: see text]
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Flanders, Michele M., Ronda A. Crist, William M. Roberts, and George M. Rodgers. "Pediatric Reference Intervals for Ten Coagulation Assays." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 2988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2988.2988.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract There is a lack of reliable pediatric reference intervals for many clinical laboratory tests. In 2002, the Children’s Health Improvement through Laboratory Diagnostics (CHILDx) organization initiated a project to collect blood and urine samples from healthy children 7 – 17 years of age with the goal of establishing reference intervals for many laboratory tests. The purpose of the present study was to determine pediatric reference intervals for ten coagulation proteins associated with common bleeding and thrombotic disorders. All assays were functional except for vonWillebrand factor antigen. All were measured according to manufacturer specifications and standard methods using the STA-R coagulation analyzer (Diagnostica Stago), with the exception of the ristocetin cofactor assay, which was performed on the BCS (Dade Behring). Samples used to establish adult reference intervals were purchased from George King Bio-Medical, Precision Biologic, and also drawn in-house. At each age of life, 62 individuals (31 girls/31 boys) were drawn for a minimum of 124 individuals for each age group. Reference intervals were established based on a nonparametric method (NCCLS C28-A). RESULTS: 1. Although pediatric PTT values do not differ from adult values, the mean pediatric PT values are about 1 sec longer, 2. Pediatric FIX levels trend upward until ages 16-17 when adult levels are reached, 3. FVIII, FXI, RCF and vWFAg demonstrate higher reference values in younger ages, 4. The lower limit of pediatric AT levels is significantly higher than adults, 5. The lower limit of pediatric protein C levels is significantly lower than adults, however, this difference is not seen for protein S levels. In conclusion, a number of significant differences between pediatric and adult reference intervals have been found supporting the use of these newer reference intervals. Age N PT PTT F VIII F IX F XI 7–9 186 13.1–15.4* 27–38 78–199* 71–138* 70–138 10–11 124 12.9–15.5* 27–38 83–226* 72–159* 63–137 12–13 124 13.1–15.2* 27–38 74–205* 73–152* 65–130* 14–15 124 12.9–15.4* 26–35 69–241* 80–162 57–125* 16–17 121 12.6–15.9* 26–35 63–225* 85–175 64–160 Adult 125 12.3–14.4 26–38 56–190 78–184 56–153 Age AT RCF VWF Ag PC PS-Male PS-Female * The t-test of the means, F-test of the SD, or both is statistically different (p< 0.05) from adult reference values. 7–9 96–135* 51–172* 62–176 71–143* 64–141 58–154 10–11 92–134* 61–195* 61–201* 76–146* 68–150 68–140* 12–13 92–128* 47–183* 61–186* 68–162* 65–143 60–150 14–15 95–135* 50–215* 57–204* 69–170* 66–149 53–147* 16–17 94–131* 47–206* 51–211 70–170* 75–157* 51–150* Adult 76–128 44–195 51–185 83–168 66–143 57–131
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Lee, Sinda S., Andromachi Scaradavou, Rebecca M. Hawke, Kathleen A. Webb, Deborah S. Wells, Michelle Abboud, Esperanza B. Papadopoulos, Nancy A. Kernan, and Juliet N. Barker. "Cord Blood (CB) Extends Transplant Access to Racial and Ethnic Minorities: A Prospective Study of 309 Unrelated Searches in Patients with High-Risk Hematologic Malignancies." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 2996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2996.2996.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Strict HLA-match using high resolution typing for HLA-A,B,C,DRB1 improves unrelated volunteer donor (URD) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant outcome but limits the number of suitable donors. In contrast, CB transplantation (CBT) is associated with a greatly reduced HLA-match requirement which may extend the donor pool. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated donor availability in 309 patients [median age 46 (range 1–71 years)] with high-risk hematologic malignancies between 10/05–5/08 with the hypothesis that CB would extend transplant access. Adequate donor-recipient HLAmatch was ≥/10 HLA-A,B,C,DRB1,DQ alleles for a T cell depleted or ≥9/10 alleles for an unmodified URD graft. Adequate CB units were ≥4/6 HLA-A,B antigen, DRB1 allele matched and ≥1.5 × 107/nucleated cells/kg/unit and double unit grafts were used to augment engraftment. URDs had priority as HSC source; CB was chosen if no suitable URD was available in the required time period. While 28 patients with suitable URDs had no CB search, the results of the 281 patients with both URD and CB formal search/confirmatory typing are shown in Table 1. This combined search group had highly diverse ancestry with only 60 (21%) of northwestern (NW) European origin and 99 (35%) were non-European. 9–10/10 URDs were available for the majority of NW, Eastern and mixed Europeans but not for Southern or non-European patients. Notably, CB extended HSC availability to all and especially Southern European, Asian, African, and Hispanic patients with no Asian patient being without a CB graft. Table 1: Comparison of Formal Search for Both URD and CB by Patient Ancestry Best URD NW Europe (n=60) East Europe (n=40) South Europe (n=39) Mix: Europe (n=43) Asian (n=19) African (n=33) Hispanic (n=36) Middle East (n=6) Mix: Non-Europe (n=5) 9–10/10 53 (88%) 33 (82%) 23 (59%) 31 (72%) 4 (21%) 14 (42%) 16 (44%) 5 (83%) 3 (60%) ≤8/10 7 (12%) 7 (18%) 16 (41%) 12 (28%) 15 (79%) 19 (58%) 20 (56%) 1(17%) 2 (40%) Best CB 5–6/6 48 (80%) 30 (75%) 20 (51%) 30 (70%) 14 (74%) 19 (58%) 22 (61%) 4 (67%) 4 (80%) 4/6 11 (18%) 8 (20%) 13 (33%) 12 (28%) 5 (26%) 6 (18%) 10 (28%) 2 (33%) 0 (0%) No CB 1 (2%) 2 (5%) 6 (16%) 1 (2%) 0 (0%) 8 (24%) 4 (11%) 0 (0%) 1 (20%) The ancestry of the 201 patients who were transplanted and the 15 not transplanted due to lack of suitable graft is shown in Table 2. The remaining 93 patients were not transplanted for other reasons. Table 2: Patient Ancestry if Transplanted or No Graft 8–10/10 URD (n=149) 4–6/6 CB (n=52) No graft (n=15) NW Europe 47 (32%) 4 (8%) 1 (7%) East Europe 27 (18%) 6 (12%) 0 (0%) South Europe 15 (10%) 8 (15%) 3 (20%) Mix:Europe 27 (18%) 8 (15%) 1 (7%) Asian 6 (4%) 7 (13%) 0 (0%) African 11 (7%) 10 (19%) 6 (40%) Hispanic 10 (7%) 8 (15%) 3 (20%) Middle East 5 (3%) 1 (2%) 0 (0%) Mix:Non-Europe 1 (1%) 0 (0%) 1 (7%) URD transplant recipients were predominantly (68%) NW, Eastern, or mixed European with Asian, African and Hispanic patients combined accounting for only 18%. In contrast, only 4 (8%) of CBT recipients were NW European. While these patients received CB due to urgency (n=1), patient preference (n=1), or MD preference over mismatched URD (n=2), the remaining 48 (92%) of CBT recipients including 15% Southern Europeans and 49% non-Europeans (13% Asian, 19% African, 15% Hispanic, 2% Middle Eastern) did not have other donor options. Of 15 patients (5% of the 309 total) not transplanted due to lack of any HSC source 10 were non-European including 6 of African ancestry. Notably, the median weight of this “no graft” group [87kg (range 66–151)] was significantly higher than CBT [70kg (range 13–109)] recipients (p<0.01) partially accounting for their lack of suitable CB grafts. In summary, URD transplantation predominantly serves patients of NW, Eastern and mixed European ancestry with many Southern and non-Europeans having no suitable URD. In contrast, CB significantly extends transplant access to all but especially to both Southern and non-Europeans. Patients of African ancestry are the most challenged to secure a suitable HSC source. This data is compelling support for increased funding of public CB banking and suggests that CB has the greatest potential to fulfill the promise of being able to offer allograft to all regardless of race.
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Barros Calderon, Felipe Santiago, Isabel Cristina Mesa Cano, and Andres Alexis Ramirez Coronel. "Analysis of coping type II diabetes mellitus." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 25, no. 110 (August 27, 2021): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v25i110.491.
Full textAbstract:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is a major health and social problem worldwide. This study aims to assess the coping process of patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus in relation to sociodemographic variables and the time of evolution of the disease, in order to raise awareness of the importance and preventive processes of the disease to improve the quality of people's lives, a Callista Roy test was used for the evaluation of this study. It was a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation, which included 180 patients who voluntarily agreed to participate. The results showed that patients with a pathology of less than 10 years of evolution have high capacity to cope and adapt to the disease. However, the results were slightly lower in people with more than 10 years of evolution.
Keywords: Adaptation, coping, Diabetes Mellitus II, self-care.
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PEÑA-MELÉNDEZ, MARILIA, JENNIFER J. PERRY, and AHMED E. YOUSEF. "Changes in Thermal Resistance of Three Salmonella Serovars in Response to Osmotic Shock and Adaptation at Water Activities Reduced by Different Humectants." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 6 (June 1, 2014): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-201.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of osmotic shock and adaptation at low water activity (aw) and the type of humectant used to lower the aw, on heat resistance of three Salmonella enterica serovars (Saintpaul 02-109, Tennessee 2053H, and Elmsbuettel 1236H). The serovars were grown (adapted) or transferred (osmotic shocked) in low-aw broths and subjected to heat treatment at 55°C for up to 45 min; samples were removed at 5-min intervals and immediately placed in an ice-water bath until plating. The aw of tryptic soy broth (TSB) was lowered by the addition of 20% (wt/wt) glycerol (aw 0.94), 4% (wt/wt) sodium chloride (NaCl; aw 0.97), or 35% sucrose (wt/wt) (aw 0.95). The type of humectant and cell adaptation significantly affected the D55°C-value. Cells merely suspended in 20% glycerol broth (i.e., nonadapted) prior to heat treatment showed a larger D55°'C-value (3.0 to 3.9 min), when compared with that of cells adapted in the same medium (D55°C-values of 0.86 to 0.98 min). Interestingly, cells adapted to TSB plus glycerol were not more resistant to heat than were the controls. NaCl and sucrose showed a net protective effect for all serovars under both the adapted and nonadapted conditions, with sucrose providing the most protection. Highest D55°C-values were obtained for cultures adapted to TSB plus sucrose. Based on these results, the effect of reduced aw on thermal resistance of Salmonella serovars varies greatly, depending on medium constituents and adaptation of the pathogen in these media.
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Serdán Ruiz, David Leonardo, Katterine Kariuxy Vásquez Bone, and Ana Emperatriz Yupa Pallchisaca. "Atención en psicopediatría para el manejo de emociones en los niños durante la pandemia COVID-19." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 25, no. 109 (June 3, 2021): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v25i109.459.
Full textAbstract:
La pandemia de la COVID 19 afectó la salud mental, además de la física, especialmente de los sectores más vulnerables desde el punto de vista socioeconómico, entre los cuales destacan los niños y niñas. A ello se agregan los efectos psicológicos de las medidas de emergencia que se han tomadopara afrontar la pandemia, que han agudizado los problemas de salud mental de la familia: cierre de las escuelas, confinamiento, entre otras. Las organizaciones internacionales han dictado lineamientos generales para atender esta emergencia en la salud mental de los niños y niñas combinando el servicio de salud mental y el apoyo psicosocial. En este artículo, mediante una revisión documental, se sistematizan los análisis de la situación de la salud mental entre los niños, y sobre algunas acciones preventivas, orientadas a lograr el manejo del stress infantil, el control de las emociones y el desarrollo de la resiliencia.
Palabras Clave: COVID 19, salud mental, apoyo psicosocial, sectores vulnerables, resiliencia.
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