Dissertations / Theses: 'C 2010 to c 2020'

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Weiss, Antonio E. "Management, consultancy and the British state, c.1960-c.2010." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2017. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/299/.

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Management consultants have been important, but hitherto largely unnoticed, features of the postwar British state. This thesis traces the emergence and development of the relationship between management consultancies and the British state. It seeks to answer three questions. First, why were management consultants brought into the machinery of the state? Second, how has state power been impacted by bringing profit-seeking actors into the machinery of the state? And third, how has the nature of management consultancy changed over time? The thesis demonstrates the role consultants played in major developments in the postwar period. The role of British consultants in helping to professionalise the civil service in the 1960s is considered, and contrasted with the impact American consultants had in seeking to overturn perceived British decline in the 1970s. Consultancies from accounting backgrounds turned their hands to attempts to automate major state operations in the 1980s. Specific case studies interrogate how consultancies influenced the policy fields of health service reform and social security benefits. And the work of consultancies during New Labour’s public sector reforms and moves towards outsourcing of state services in the 1990s and 2000s is analysed. The history of the work of these varied consultancies helps to deepen and further nuance understandings of the nature of state power and the role of elite networks and governing circles in postwar Britain.

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Chabal, Emile. "Republicanism, liberalism and the search for political consensus in France, c.1980-c.2010." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610454.

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Luo, Mengyu. "Shanghai Symphony Orchestra in 'C' Major (1879 to 2010)." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13384.

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Shanghai Symphony Orchestra is a fascinating institution. It was first founded in 1879 under the name of Shanghai Public Band and was later, in 1907, developed into an orchestra with 33 members under the baton of German conductor Rudolf Buck. Since Mario Paci, an Italian pianist, became its conductor in 1919, the Orchestra developed swiftly and was crowned the best in the Far East by a Japanese musician Tanabe Hisao in 1923. At that time, Shanghai was semi-colonized by the International Settlement and the French Concession controlled by the Shanghai Municipal Council and the French Council respectively. They were both exempt from local Chinese authority. The Orchestra was an affiliated organization of the former: the Shanghai Municipal Council. When the Chinese Communist Party took over mainland China in 1949, the Orchestra underwent dramatic transformations. It was applied as a political propaganda tool performing music by composers from the socialist camp and adapting folk Chinese songs to Western classical instruments in order to serve the masses. This egalitarian ideology went to extremes in the notorious 10-year Cultural Revolution. Surprisingly, the SSO was not disbanded; rather it was appropriated by the CCP to create background music for revolutionary modern operas such as Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy. The end of Cultural Revolution after Mao's death in 1976 ushered in a brand new Reform-and-Opening-up era marked by Deng Xiaoping s public claim: Getting rich is glorious! Unlike previous decades when the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra together with music it performed was made to entertain the general masses, elitism came back under a social entourage characterized by Chinese-style socialism. The concept of elite, however, is worth a further thought. Shanghai is not only home to a large number of Chinese middle class but also constitutes a promising paradise for millions of nouveau riches which resembles, to a great extent, the venture land for those Shanghailanders a century ago. This thesis, as the title indicates, puts the historical development of the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra from 1879 to 2010 in C major applying Pierre Bourdieu's cultural capital theory so as to understand how this extraordinary musical currency is produced, represented, appropriated and received by different groups of people in Shanghai across five distinct historical stages. Cultural appropriation tactics and other relevant theories such as cultural imperialism and post colonialism are also combined to make sense of particular social environment in due course. To put the SSO in C major does not infer that this musical institution and music it performed through all these years are reduced to economic analysis. Nonetheless, the inner value of music itself is highlighted in each historical period. A psychological concept affordance, first applied by Tia DeNora in music sociology, is also integrated to help comprehend how and what Chinese people or the whole nation latched on to certain pieces of music performed at the SSO in different historical phases. Moreover, musicological analysis is carried out in due course to elaborate on the feasibility of, for example, adopting Chinese folk songs to Western classical instruments and creating a hybrid music type during Cultural Revolution. Aesthetic value of music is thus realized in the meantime. Archival research is mostly used in this thesis supplemented by one focus group and one in-depth interview with retired players at the SSO. Fieldwork of this research is mainly based in the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra Archive; although materials from Shanghai Library and Shanghai Municipal Archive are also collected and made use of.

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Buitrago, Orjuela Liliana. "La parole en conflit : analyse de la parole publique sur une pratique de violence : la prise d'otage politique en Colombie (2002-2010)." Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/185411649#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.

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Dans le contexte du conflit contemporain en Colombie, la prise d’otage politique a suscité sur la scène publique beaucoup de débats de tous ordres, notamment sur la légitimité de la recherche d’un accord. Cette thèse aborde la prise d’otage à partir de la parole publique qui émerge dans ce contexte paradoxal, sous la forme de polémiques politiques et de témoignages. Cette étude est centrée sur les prises d’otages politiques des Farc pendant les deux mandats du président Álvaro Uribe, période durant laquelle les acteurs du conflit ne se sont jamais mis d’accord. Il s’agit d’une analyse d’un désaccord politique constant, non résolu. La prise d’otage est comprise ici, non pas d’abord comme forme de violence, mais comme matrice d’un espace communicationnel, d’un espace de stratégie politique et sociale où les prises de paroles, sensées résoudre un problème, ne font que se juxtaposer. Le récit de la victime entre aussi dans ce répertoire, consolidant sa place dans l’espace public : la visibilité médiatique de son témoignage introduit dans le débat national l’expérience individuelle de la violence comme argument politique. Cette mise en scène d’une expérience de violence intègre la souffrance de la victime dans les stratégies de communication politique. Ce parcours à travers la parole publique montre que cet espace communicationnel n’est pas seulement un champ de forces dans lequel les acteurs armés confrontent leurs images politico-militaires, mais aussi un espace de représentations où interviennent d’autres acteurs du monde social In the context of contemporary conflict in Colombia, political hostages generated a lot of debate in the public arena, at all levels, including the legitimacy of trying to reach political agreement. This thesis addresses hostages taking from the analysis of the public discourse that emerges in this paradoxical context, in the form of political controversies and testimonies. This study focuses on the Farc political hostages during Álvaro Uribe’s presidency years, when the parties involved in the conflict did not agree. This is an analysis about a constant unresolved political disagreement. Hostage taking is analysed here primarily, not as a form of violence, but as the origin of a communication space, a space of political and social strategy where speeches, supposed to help solving a problem, get juxtaposed. The victims stories also belong in this repertoire, consolidating their place in the public space: testimony medias exposure introduced into the national debate the individual experience of violence as a political argument. This staging of a violent experience includes the victim’s suffering as a political communication strategy. This journey through public speaking shows that this communication space is not only a force field in which armed actors confront their politico-military images, but also a performance space where other actors of the social world are involved

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Girault, Bénédicte. "Mémoires d’un ministère : Une analyse secondaire de l’enquête orale du Service d’histoire de l’éducation (c.1950-c.2010)." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CERG0942.

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De 1991 à 2014, le Service d’Histoire de l’Éducation a mené une enquête orale sur le ministère de l’Éducation nationale depuis la Libération. La perspective était double : cerner le processus de décision du ministère et patrimonialiser la mémoire des cadres de l’institution. De cette entreprise résultent 283 entretiens qui représentent plus de 1100 heures d’enregistrement. À partir de ce corpus, cette thèse explore l’hypothèse que les biais régulièrement décriés des archives orales peuvent devenir une féconde ressource pour les historiens. L’objet central de ce travail est donc la source elle-même, dont la déconstruction doit permettre de comprendre une forme de production mémorielle qui se présente comme au service de l’histoire et des historiens. Faire l’histoire de cette enquête revient d’abord à retracer celle d’un moment historiographique dans les années 1990, à partir de l’analyse critique du projet et des pratiques des enquêteurs. Le dispositif de l’enquête assigne les acteurs à une certaine fonction au sein de l’institution, à partir de laquelle est co-construite une histoire de l’Éducation nationale « d’en haut ». La question est alors de saisir comment, ministère après ministère, s’articulent expériences subjectives et histoire(s) collective(s), entre le temps de l'événement et le moment du témoignage, dans une dialectique continue avec l'histoire de l'éducation en train de s'écrire. Enfin, à l’instar des autres ministères, la période couverte par l’enquête est celle de la conquête de l’État par les administrateurs de profession issus de l’ENA. À l’Éducation nationale, les universitaires et les acteurs venus du terrain sont contraints de céder le pas. En identifiant ces mémoires concurrentielles et leurs dynamiques à partir des discours, des régimes de justification et des ordres de grandeur qui les singularisent, cette thèse entend finalement participer à l’analyse des écologies des professions dans le cadre d’un ministère From 1991 to 2014, the French Service d’Histoire de l’Education conducted a large oral investigation into the activities of the Ministère de l’Education Nationale since the end of WWII. Its purpose was twofold: identifying the decision-making processes of the ministry’s officials, and creating an archive from the testimonies of the institution’s executives. From this endeavour came 283 interviews that make up more than 1100 hours of recordings. This doctoral thesis draws on this corpus to explore the hypothesis that the biases commonly attributed to oral archives can turn out to be fertile ground for historians. The recordings themselves therefore form the main object of this work: by deconstructing them, it should be possible to understand how this type of memory-based production may contribute to the writing of history, and be of use to historians. Tracing back the history of this survey first involves delving into the historiographical agenda of the 1990s through the critical analysis of the project and of the interviewers’ practices. The survey was thought out in such a way that its participants were assigned to a specific function in the institution, forming the basis for a top-down, yet collective writing of the Education Nationale’s history. The question is then to grasp how, one ministry after another, personal experiences and shared memory/ies come together between the time of the events and the time when people testified, contributing to a wider dialectic of the history of education as it was being written. Finally, like in the other ministries, the period the survey spans coincides with the domination of the State by professional administrators out of the National School of Administration (ENA), forcing the academics and the professionals within the Education Nationale to step down. By pinpointing these competing recollections and their dynamics through the study of the discourse, the means of justification, and the orders of worth that set them apart, this thesis aims to contribute to the analysis of the ecology of the professions within a ministry

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Strieder, Cristiano. "Cálculo do coeficiente de assimetria gradiente em C/C++: exemplos de aplicações em astrofísica e cosmologia." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2010. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m19@80/2010/08.03.18.34.

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A análise computacional de padrões morfológicos em astrofísica e cosmologia consiste na extração automática de medidas sobre dados observados e/ou simulados que contenham informação estrutural de fontes astronômicas registradas através de imagens digitalizadas (estrelas, galáxias, aglomerados de galáxias e mapas de radiação). No estado-da-arte das ferramentas e metodologias para classificação de morfologias de tais fontes, ainda há uma grande demanda para técnicas robustas e de fácil implementação computacional que possam ser aplicadas de forma automática sobre um grande volume de dados (da ordem de Tera bytes). Nesse contexto, a Análise de Padrões-Gradientes (GPA, do inglês \textit{Gradient Pattern Analysis}) apresenta-se como uma ferramenta promissora para identificação automática de padrões estruturais a partir de imagens digitais. A técnica GPA baseia-se em uma operação geométrica que calcula o \textit{coeficiente de assimetria gradiente} G$_A$ a partir do campo gradiente de uma dada matriz. Esta dissertação apresenta o cálculo de G$_A$ a partir de um novo algoritmo, o GPA++, desenvolvido de forma inédita em linguagem C/C++. Além da ferramenta de linha de comando GPA++, foi desenvolvida em linguagem JAVA uma interface gráfica, a GPA++GUI, que possibilita a experimentação da técnica GPA de maneira simples e mais intuitiva através de um aplicativo para ambiente gráfico Linux. A pesquisa para implementação do algorítmo é discutida em detalhes incluindo testes e validação que tomam como base um conjunto canônico de dados utilizados para validar versões desenvolvidas originalmente em ambientes IDL e Matlab. As vantagens do cálculo de G$_A$ via GPA++ são discutidas a partir de três exemplos de aplicações sobre: (i) imagens de galáxias; (ii) mapas simulados da radiação cósmica de fundo e (iii) arcos gravitacionais simulados a partir do software \textit{AddArcs}. Os três tipos de dados foram escolhidos para exemplificar a diversidade de aplicações do GPA++ na análise de dados astrofísicos e cosmológicos. The computational analysis of morphological patterns in astrophysics and cosmology consists in the automatic extraction of measurements from real and/or simulated data that contain structural information of astronomical sources recorded in digital images (stars, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, radiation maps). In the state of the art of tools and methodologies for morphological classification of such sources, there is a high demand for robust and easy computational implementable techniques that can be automatically applied to large data volumes (of the order of terabytes). In this context, the Gradient Pattern Analysis (GPA) appears as a promising tool for automatic structural pattern identification in digital images. The GPA technique is based on a geometric operation that calculates the gradient asymmetry coefficient G$_A$ from the gradient field of a matrix. This dissertation presents the computation of the G$_A$ performed by a new algorithm, the GPA++, developed in C/C++ for the first time. Furthermore, a graphical user interface was developed in JAVA: the GPA++GUI. It allows the experimentation of the GPA technique in a simple and more intuitive way in a Linux environment. The research for the implementation of the algorithm is discussed in details including tests and validation performed with canonical data sets used to validate versions of the method developed originally in IDL and Matlab. The advantages of the G$_A$ computation made through GPA++ are discussed using three example applications: (i) galaxy images; (ii) simulated maps of cosmic microwave radiation and (iii) gravitational ares simulated with the AddArcs software. These three types of data where selected to exemplify the wide range of applicability of the GPA++ in the analysis of astrophysical and cosmological data.

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Oertel, Anna Magdalena. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes du nickel(II) comportant des ligands carbène N-hétérocyclique : des réactions de couplage C-C croisé à l'activation de liaisons C-H." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OERTEL_Anna_Magdalena_2010.pdf.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le carde de la recherche sur la chimie des complexes du nickel(II) comportant des ligands carbène N-hétérocylique (NHC). Une série de complexes demi-sandwich du nickel(II), [Ni(R-NHC-n-Bu)XCp†] (Cp† = Cp, Cp*, X = Cl, I) comportant une chaîne n-butyl sur le cycle d’imidazole a été synthétisée à partir d’un halogénure d’imidazolium et du complexe [Ni(acac)Cp*] ou du nickelocène afin de servir de modèle pour une future version hétérogénéisée de ces composés. Tous les complexes ont été entièrement caractérisés par les techniques de spectroscopie standard [Spectroscopie RMN 1H et 13C{1H} et 2D dans certains cas, HRMS et microanalyse]. De plus, la structure d’un grand nombre de ces espèces a été déterminée par diffraction des rayons X sur monocristal : tous ces composés présentent une géométrie de tabouret à deux pieds commune aux complexes de formule générale MCp†L2 à 18-électrons. La géométrie autour de l’atome de nickel central est trigonale plane. Les composés de formule générale [Ni(R-NHC-n-Bu)ICp] se sont avérés être de très bons catalyseurs pour le couplage C—C croisé de Suzuki entre divers bromures et chlorures d’aryle et l’acide borophénylique sans ajout d’un agent réducteur ou d’un co-catalyseur et ont montré des valeurs de Turn Over Frequency (TOF) supérieures à leur équivalent symétriquement substitué [Ni(Ar2-NHC)LCp†]. L’origine de l’amélioration de la stabilité de l’espèce active générée in situ est discutée. Une version hétérogénéisée sur de l’alumine de ces complexes a été préparée en employant des halogénures de 3-(trialkoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium et testée en tant que catalyseur pour le couplage C—C croisé de Suzuki. Dans le but d’améliorer encore plus la longévité de ces catalyseurs, des complexes demi-sandwich du Ni(II) comportant deux ligands NHC différents ont été synthétisés par déplacement d’un ligand acétonitrile labile d’un complexe [Ni(Ar2-NHC)(CH3CN)Cp]+X par NHC « libre ». Le composé bis-(NHC)-nickel cationique résultant, [Ni(NHC)(NHC’)Cp]+X montre une stabilité remarquable et ainsi s’avère être un piètre catalyseur pour le couplage C—C croisé de Suzuki. La liaison Ni—NHC montre une inertie notable puisque le ligand Cp est protoné lorsque les composés bis-(NHC) Cp sont traités en milieu acide. Le dernier chapitre de cette thèse présente l’activation par le centre Cp†Ni-NHC assistée par une base des liaisons sp3-C—H en a d’une fonction organique. L’étendu de cette réaction a été démontré par l’activation de l’acétonitrile, de l’acétone et de cétones dans des conditions relativement douces. Ainsi, une série de nouvelles espèces nickel-alkyle a pu être formée. De plus, la remarquable double activation de l’acétone a été réalisée. L’activation de liaisons sp3C—H en a d’une fonction nitrile intramoléculaire au ligand NHC a permise la synthèse de nouvelles espèces demi-sandwich nickelacycliques. L’étude du mécanisme probable à cette réaction a été le sujet de calculs théoriques par analyse DFT. Similaire aux espèces bis-(NHC)-Ni, la liaison NHC— ainsi que la liaison Ni—alkyle des nickelacycles est inerte à la protonation en milieu acide The research in this thesis targets some aspects of the chemistry of nickel-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. A series of half-sandwich nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(R-NHC-n-Bu]XCp†] (Cp† = Cp, Cp*, X = Cl, I), bearing a N-bound n-butyl sidearm NHC ligands has been synthesized from the appropriate imidazolium halides and nickelocene or [Ni(acac)Cp*] as models for heterogenized versions of these complexes. All these complexes were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques [1H and 13C{1H}NMR spectroscopy, 2D spectroscopy when appropriate, MS, and elemental analyses]. Furthermore, many representative complexes were the subject of single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. All these complexes feature a two-legged piano stool geometry common for 18-electron MCp†L2 compounds with a trigonal planar geometry around the central nickel atom. The [Ni(Ar-NHC-n-Bu)ICp] compounds are highly active catalysts for the Suzuki cross-coupling of aryl bromides or chlorides with phenylboronic acid in the absence of any reductant or co-catalyst and show higher turnover frequencies (TOF) than seen in their closely related symmetric [Ni(Ar2-NHC)LCp†] counterparts. The origin of the improved stability of the in situ generated active species is discussed. A heterogenized version of these complexes onto alumina has been prepared by employing 3-(trialkoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium halides and tested in Suzuki cross-coupling. In the prospect of enhancing the longevity of the active species, unprecedented half-sandwich Ni(II) complexes bearing two different NHC ligands were prepared by displacement of the labile acetonitrile ligand from [Ni(Ar2-NHC)(CH3CN)Cp]+X- with a “free” NHC. The resulting cationic bis-(NHC)-nickel complexes [Ni(NHC)(NHC’)Cp]+X- show remarkable stability, and thus low acitivity in Suzuki couplings. The Ni– NHC bonds are particularly robust as can be demonstrated by the displacement of the Cp, and not of a NHC ligand, when these bis-NHC Cp complexes are protonated. The final chapter presents a novel reaction in which the base-promoted activation of sp3-hybridized C– H bonds a- to functional organic groups at Cp†Ni-NHC centres was achieved. The scope and breadth of this activation is demonstrated by the activation of acetonitrile, acetone and other ketones under relatively mild conditions to give a range of new nickel alkyls. A remarkable double activation of acetone was notably demonstrated. The activation of C–H bonds a-to nitriles in NHC-attached sidearms to give a series of new half-sandwich nickelacycles was also achieved. Possible mechanistic pathways for these reactions have been the subject of theoretical DFT analyses. Similarly to the bis-NHC species, the nickelacycles show great robustness of the NHC– and alkyl–Ni bonds

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Valentienė, Jolanta. "Virusinių hepatitų A, B, ir C serologinių žymenų paplitimas neatlygintinų kraujo donorų populiacijoje 2010-2011 m." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20140630_173316-42743.

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Tyrimo tikslas – aprašyti bendruosius virusinių hepatitų, ŽIV ir kitų lytiškai plintančių infekcijų dėsningumus ir įvertinti HAV, HBV, HCV infekcijos paplitimą neatlygintinų kraujo donorų, duodančių pirmą kartą kraują, populiacijoje. Metodika. Tyrimui vykdyti gautas Vilniaus regioninio biomedicininių tyrimų etikos komiteto leidimas. Atlikta pirmą kartą neatlygintinai duodančių kraujo donorų anoniminė anketinė apklausa VŠĮ Nacionaliniame kraujo centre. Imunofermentiniu metodu buvo nustatomi: anti-HAV ir anti-HCV, anti-HBcor, anti-HBs, HBsAg. Nukleino rūgščių amplifikacijos testas taikytas HBV DNR ir HCV RNR nustatymui. Įvertinant ŽIV ir kitų lytiškai plintančių infekcijų ir virusinių hepatitų tendencijas buvo taikytas Mantel‘io testas ir paprastoji tiesinė regresija. Virusinių hepatitų serologinių žymenų paplitimas išreiškiamas procentais, įverčio tikslumui įvertinti apskaičiuotas pasikliautinis intervalas (PI) 95%, kategorinių duomenų analizei panaudotas χ² testas ir Fišerio tikslusis testas. Rizikos veiksnių įtaką vertinta taikant binarinę logistinę regresiją. Duomenų suderinamumui vertinti pasirinktas Hosmer‘io-Lemeshow‘o χ2 suderinamumo kriterijus. Vertinant, kaip modelio teoriniai dydžiai atitinka realiuosius, naudotas Cox’o ir Snell’o kriterijus, klasifikacinė analizuojamų požymių lentelė. Veiksnių įtaka įvertinta panaudojant šansų santykį su 95 % PI. Skirtumas statistiškai reikšmingas, kai p ≤ 0,05. Rezultatai. Tyrime dalyvavo 200 kraujo donorų. Analizei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] Aim: to describe epidemiology of the viral hepatitis A, B, C, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STD) and to estimate prevalence of HAV, HBV, HCV infections among first time non-remunerated blood donors population. Methodology: The study received approval from Vilnius Regional Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. First time non-remunerated blood donors participated in anonymous questionnaire survey in NGO National Blood Center. For anti-HAV, anti-HCV, anti-HBs, anti-Hbcor and HBsAg detection was used immunoenzyme method and for HBV DNR ir HCV RNR - nucleic acid amplification test. The Mantel trend test and linear regression method was used to evaluate the trend of viral hepatitis, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The prevalence of viral hepatitis serological markers was expressed in percentage points, the precision was evaluated at the confidence intervals (CI) of 95%, the comparison of categorical data was made using χ2 test and Fisher‘s exact test. For data analysis the following tests were used: for the risk factors – binary logistic regression; goodness of fit – Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 test; Cox and Snell R Square, Classification Table. The statistical significance level p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 200 respondents haven been interviewed. Only 188 first time non-remunerated blood donors were selected for further analysis. Respondents minimum of age was 18 and maximum - 52 (Mean=22,6; Med=20,0), 47,9 % (n=90) of them were males, 52,1... [to full text]

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Pigeon, Xavier. "Synthèse de ß-aminofluoroalcènes par l'activation de liens C-F." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27728/27728.pdf.

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Santos, Janaina Dorneles dos. "Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de hepatite C notificados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2010 a 2011." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/87211.

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No Brasil, apesar dos crescentes esforços governamentais para o combate e prevenção das doenças infectocontagiosas, as hepatites virais representam um grave problema na área de saúde. A infecção causada pela hepatite C gera consequências graves para a saúde dos portadores, podendo levar ao desenvolvimento de cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular, além de elevar os custos públicos com os tratamentos. O conhecimento do cenário epidemiológico da hepatite C e os fatores associados à infecção são de grande importância para subsidiar a tomada de decisão na política que envolve a linha de cuidado e a rede de assistência desse agravo. A pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos indivíduos notificados com hepatite C no estado do Rio Grande do Sul a partir da base de dados do SINAN/RS no período de 2010 e 2011. Foram avaliados um total de 6.168 registros, conforme a ficha padrão de notificação de hepatites virais usada pelo sistema de notificação. Foram descritas no estudo as variáveis demográficas, as variáveis relacionadas aos antecedentes epidemiológicos da hepatite C e as condições associadas, em especial a coinfecção pelo HIV. Depois de descritas e comparadas, as variáveis foram submetidas à análise bivariada e análise de regressão logística Os resultados apontaram uma maior prevalência da infecção e do genótipo 1 do VHC em homens quando comparado com as mulheres. O uso de drogas, destaca-se como um dos principais fatores de risco associado a infecção pelo HIV em pacientes coinfectados, bem como a baixa escolaridade. In Brazil, despite the increasing governmental effort to combat and prevent infectious disease, viral hepatitis represents a significant problem in health care. The infection caused by hepatitis C engender sever problems for its carriers, and may take them to develop cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, in addition to higher public cost with treatment. The knowledge about the epidemiological scenario of hepatitis C and the infection associated factors are very important to subsidize the decision-making in politics that involves the care line and the assistance network for this harm. This research aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of individuals notified with hepatitis C in Rio Grande do Sul state according to the data base from SINAN/RS from 2010 to 2011. 6168 records were evaluated, according to the notification for hepatitis C standard form used by the notification system. The demographic variables, the variables related to hepatitis C epidemiological background and the conditions associated to the disease, specially the coinfection with HIV, were described on the study. After the description, the variables were submitted to bivariate analysis and logistic regression analysis. The results show a higher prevalence of infection and the genotype 1 of HCV in men when compared to women. The use of drugs stands out as the main risk factor related to HIV infection in coinfected patients, as much as low schooling.

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Fofana, Isabel. "Prévention de la réinfection par le virus de l'hépatite C lors de la transplantation hépatique par l'utilisation d'anticorps monoclonaux anti-récepteur." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/FOFANA_Isabel_2010.pdf.

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Le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC) représente un problème de santé publique majeur. Environ 170 millions de personnes sont infectées dans le monde, et plus de 70% développeront une infection chronique. Le traitement actuel qui associe l’interféron- pégylé et la ribavirine ne permet de guérir que 50% des patients tous génotypes confondus. Les complications de l’hépatite C chronique, la cirrhose et le carcinome hépatocellulaire, représentent des indications majeures de transplantation hépatique (TH). Malheureusement la récurrence de l’infection par le VHC sur le greffon est systématique et évolue vers une cirrhose en moins de 5 ans chez une proportion importante de patients. A l’heure actuelle, il n’y a pas de moyen de prévention de la réinfection du greffon par le VHC. Une meilleure connaissance des phases précoces de la réinfection permettrait le développement de stratégies préventives de l’infection par le VHC. Durant ma thèse nous nous sommes intéressés aux mécanismes de la réinfection par le VHC au cours de la TH en nous focalisant sur l’étape de l’entrée virale dans l’hépatocyte. Nous avons montré pour la première fois qu’au cours de la TH, et contrairement aux variants non sélectionnés après la greffe, les variants du VHC sélectionnés après la greffe (qui réinfectent le greffon) entrent plus efficacement dans la cellule hôte et échappent à la neutralisation induite par les anticorps des sérums autologues collectés avant la greffe. Nous avons, par la suite, identifié les mutations impliquées dans l’entrée et l’échappement viral aux anticorps neutralisants. Ces mutations favorisent l’entrée virale en modulant la dépendance du VHC à un des facteurs d’entrée virale, le CD81. La protéine de jonction Claudine 1 (CLDN1) est un autre facteur d’entrée essentiel à l’infection par le VHC. Nous avons produit des anticorps monoclonaux anti-CLDN1 et montré que ces anticorps inhibent de manière spécifique tous les génotypes du VHC ainsi que les variants viraux résistants à la neutralisation par le sérum autologue lors de la TH. L’ensemble de ces résultats suggère que l’étape d’entrée du virus pourrait constituer une cible prometteuse pour le développement de stratégies préventives de la réinfection du greffon par le VHC Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major problem of public health. Approximatively 170 million individuals are infected worldwide, and more than 70% of infected individuals will develop chronic hepatitis. The current treatment based on pegylated interferon- and ribavirin can only cure 50 % of patients. HCV-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are a leading indication for liver transplantation (LT). The major limitation of LT is the universal re-infection of the liver graft. To date, there is no prophylactic strategy to prevent re-infection. A better understanding of the early phases of re-infection would allow developing of preventive strategies. During my PhD thesis, we focussed on the viral entry step to study the molecular mechanisms of re-infection of the liver graft. For the first time, we have demonstrated that during LT, selected variants re-infecting the liver graft show enhanced entry and escape from antibody-mediated neutralization. We identified two adaptive mutations in envelope glycoprotein E2 mediating enhanced entry and evasion of an highly infectious escape variant. These mutations markedly modulated CD81 receptor dependency resulting in enhanced viral entry. Among the host entry factors involved in viral entry, claudin 1 (CLDN1) is essential for HCV infection. We have produced monoclonal anti-CLDN1 antibodies and have shown that these antibodies specifically inhibit HCV entry from all major genotypes, as well as cell entry of the highly infectious escape variants of HCV that were resistant to autologous neutralizing antibodies. Taken together, these results suggest that targeting HCV entry into hepatocytes with specific monoclonal antibodies, as anti-CLDN1 antibodies, may constitute a novel antiviral approach to prevent primary HCV infection, such as after LT

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Pigeon, Xavier. "Synthèse de β-aminofluoroalcènes par l'activation de liens C-F". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22213.

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L'introduction d'un atome de fluor dans une molécule bioactive peut bien souvent modifier son activité biologique en modifiant sa lipophilic, sa solubilité, sa stabilité métabolique, sa conformation ou encore sa réactivité chimique. C'est pourquoi la synthèse de produits organofluorés suscite un intérêt marqué dans le secteur de l'agrochimie et de la chimie pharmaceutique. D'ailleurs, les moyens d'accès à ces produits sont en constante augmentation. Non seulement la formation mais également l'activation de liaisons C-F sont des sujets de recherche très prometteurs pour la conception de produits organiques fluorés. Les métaux de transition tels que le nickel, le palladium et le rhodium jouent un rôle important dans l'activation de liens C-F. Dans ce mémoire, il sera question de la synthèse des β-aminofluoroalcènes qui sont une classe de molécules organofluorées suscitant un intérêt particulier en chimie médicinale, car ils peuvent être utilisés comme isostères de la liaison peptidique. Cependant, il n'existe pas de voie directe afin d'accéder à cette classe de composés. Nous nous sommes donc intéressés à rechercher des voies de synthèses permettant l'obtention de p-aminofluoroalcènes. Dans ce mémoire, deux stratégies seront abordées pour la synthèse des p-aminofluoroalcènes. D'une part, une méthode basée sur la réaction d'amination allylique de dérivés de 3,3-difluoropropènes sera présentée. Celle-ci est catalysée par le palladium via l'activation d'un lien C-F. D'autre part, une stratégie basée sur une réaction de type SN2' utilisant les amidures de lithium sur des systèmes allyliques de dérivés de 3,3-difluoropropène constituera la dernière partie de ce mémoire.

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Oliveira, Silvano Barbosa de. "Estudo de coinfecção de HIV/Aids com as hepatites virais B e C no Brasil no período de 1999 a 2010." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/13600.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2013. Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2013-07-16T12:14:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_SilvanoBarbosadeOliveira.pdf: 1178255 bytes, checksum: 440fa9674d6d9313fdd31d89af9248a2 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Leandro Silva Borges(leandroborges@bce.unb.br) on 2013-07-17T21:14:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_SilvanoBarbosadeOliveira.pdf: 1178255 bytes, checksum: 440fa9674d6d9313fdd31d89af9248a2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-17T21:14:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_SilvanoBarbosadeOliveira.pdf: 1178255 bytes, checksum: 440fa9674d6d9313fdd31d89af9248a2 (MD5) Introdução – No Brasil estima-se que 0,6% da população de 15 a 49 anos vive com o HIV/aids. Nas capitais estima-se que 0,4% e 1,4% da população de 10 a 69 anos apresentam marcadores de infecção pelos vírus das hepatites B e C, respectivamente. A interação entre os vírus das hepatites B e C com o HIV aumenta a chance de progressão para doença hepática grave e consequentemente ao óbito. Objetivos – Estimar a prevalência, descrever o perfil epidemiológico e estimar o tempo de sobrevida dos casos de aids coinfectados por HBV HCV no Brasil. Métodos – Os registros de aids foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e do Sistema de Controle de Exames Laboratoriais. A coinfecção com as hepatites virais (B e C) foi obtida pelo relacionamento dos casos de aids com os casos de hepatites virais. A informação dos óbitos foi extraída pelo Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade, onde estes registros foram relacionados com a base de dados dos coinfectados. Todos os relacionamentos das bases de dados foram realizados no RecLink III, utilizando o método probabilístico e, tendo como campos de comparação as variáveis referentes ao nome do paciente, nome da mãe e data de nascimento. Os modelos de regressão logístico e de Cox foram utilizados para identificar fatores associados aos desfechos coinfecção e óbito, respectivamente. Resultados – Entre 1999 e 2010 foram notificados 370.672 casos de aids, desses 3.724 (1,0%) foram identificados como coinfectados com HBV e 5.932 (1,6%) como coinfectados com HCV. A chance de coinfecção aumenta com a idade, chegando a ser 3 vezes maior entre coinfectados com HBV com 45 anos ou mais, quando comparados com pacientes com até 24 anos de idade; entre os coinfectados com HCV a chance é 12 vezes maior. A categoria "usuário de drogas injetáveis" apresentou chance de coinfecção aumentada de duas a seis vezes para HBV e HCV, respectivamente, quando comparada com a categoria sexual; e o risco de morte aumentado em 70,8% quando comparada com outras categorias. Os pacientes de aids da raça “pretos e pardos” apresentam o risco de morte elevado, sendo aumentado em 13,8% e 28,1% para os coinfectados com HBV e HCV, respectivamente. Conclusões – A categoria "usuário de drogas injetáveis" é uma das principais formas de exposição para infecção pelo HCV e HIV, o que ajuda explicar a elevada chance de coinfecção por estes vírus entre indivíduos expostos por esta categoria. Entre os coinfectados com aids e HBV o uso de drogas injetáveis não representa a principal categoria de exposição, no entanto, apresenta menor probabilidade de sobrevivência e elevado risco de morte quando comparada com outras categorias. Estratégias probabilísticas de relacionamento de bases de dados são úteis quando o interesse é obter informações unificadas de diferentes fontes e não se dispõe de campos unívocos. Neste estudo foi possível avaliar um importante do quadro de coinfecção dos casos de aids com HBV e HCV no Brasil utilizando notificações desses agravos, sem a necessidade de realizar pesquisa de soroprevalência e coorte de sobrevida. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Introduction – In Brazil it is estimated that 0.6% of the population aged 15 to 49 years is living with HIV/AIDS. In major cities in Brazil it is estimated that 0.4% and 1.4% of the population aged 10 a 69 years have the infection marker for hepatitis B and C, respectively. The interaction between the hepatitis B and C viruses with HIV amplifies the chance of developing severe liver diseases and consequently to death. Objectives – To estimate the prevalence, to describe the epidemiological profile and to estimate the survival time of individuals with AIDS coinfected with HBV and HCV in Brazil. Methods – AIDS cases were obtained from the "Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação" and the "Sistema de Controle de Exames Laboratoriais". Coinfection was identified through probabilistic record linkage of the AIDS cases with hepatitis viral (B and C) from Sinan’s notifications. Death's information was obtained from "Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade" and was linked to coinfection data. All probabilistic records linkages were performed using the RecLink III software. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to identify factors associated to coinfection and death, respectively. Results – Between 1999 and 2010, 370,672 AIDS cases were reported, of which 3,724 (1.0%) were identified as HBV coinfections and 5,932 (1.6%) as HCV coinfections. The chance of coinfection increases with age, it is 3 times higher in aged 45 and older individuals coinfected with HBV than patients aged 24 and younger; the chance is 12 times higher among those coinfected with HCV. The chance for coinfections increases 2- to 6-fold for HBV and HCV, respectively, for the "injecting drugs users" (IDU) category compared to sexual exposure; and the IDU have 70.8% higher a risk of dying when compared to other exposure categories. Individuals with AIDS referring skin color "black and brown" have higher risk of dying, and also increased chance of coinfection; i.e. about 13.8% and 28.1% higher chances to HBV and HCV coinfections, respectively. Conclusions – The IDU category is one of the main forms of HCV and HIV transmissions, which help explain the higher chance of coinfection in patients of this category. On the other hand, among individuals with AIDS coinfected with HBV, the IDU category isn't the main form of transmission, although this group presents higher risk of death compared to other exposure categories. Strategies of probabilistic record linkage applied to databases are useful when the purpose is to obtain unified information from various data sources. This study permitted an important evaluation of cases of AIDS with HBV and HCV coinfected in Brazil by the use of reported cases, without the need to conduct seroprevalence research and survival cohort.

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Zhao, Yue. "The musicality of C-pop : a study of Chinese popular music from 1985-2010." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14987/.

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This study examines C-pop (Chinese pop). It contains three parts, Part One describes the changes in C-pop from the 1985 to the present, Part Two deals with how C-pop changed in terms of its musical texts and Part Three elucidates why it changed culturally. As a whole, it also provides a case study that allows us to approach the 'popular'I'pop' dichotomy from perspective of a change in musicality (way of being musical) from a music-maker-centric (MMC) system to a music-receiver-centric (MRC) system. I have drawn on the dual experience base of being a native Chinese and an overseas-based researcher, generating a critical-ethnomusicological perspective throughout. Part One of the thesis considers a selection of soundscapes that delineate changing trends in Chinese popular music from 1985 on. In the first chapter, the emergence of C-pop in the 1980s and early 1990s is identified and assessed. Chapter 2 looks at the reshaping of the industry from 1996 on, analysing also the rise of new media for popular music during this period, most obviously television and the internet. Part Two looks in more depth at the linguistic (Chapter 3) and vocal (Chapter 4) codes embedded in the music. The writing here focuses on the relationship between producers and receivers of C-pop and between the music itself and receivers. Chapter 5 underlines this latter emphasis by critically reflecting on the ways in which songs are structured and produced. Finally, Part Three employs a tripartite model of music, music-maker and music-receiver to attend in tum to fan culture (Chapter 6), the roles of musicians (Chapter 7) and the operation of producers and managers in the music industry (Chapter 8). These analyses show why C-pop has developed in the ways in which it has, the ongoing power struggle between the audience and musician-between those holding a mass concept and those holding an elite concept- determining the musicality of C-pop in present-day mainland China.

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Moss, Natalie Charlotte. "'The dilemma of councillors' : the history of local government in Kenya, c. 1945-2010." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11510/.

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This thesis examines the history of local government in Kenya from the late-colonial period up to the passage of Kenya's new constitution in 2010. The development of local government was a hallmark of the Colonial Office's policy for Africa in the post-war period. In spite of this, scholarship on post-colonial Kenya has tended to overlook local authorities. The 2010 constitution devolves power to forty-seven new county governments; in light of this, this thesis considers how the local state has historically functioned in practice. In doing so, it contributes to the literature on decentralisation, neo-patrimonialism and the state in Africa. Historiography of modern Kenya has focused on elite politics and the political dynamics of the highly centralised state. The prevailing narrative of local government in Kenya has been a story of formal decline. By reading the narrative of the Kenyan state from the bottom-up, this thesis explores the development of competing ideas of government in Kenya, and the way this has shaped the practices of state institutions and those who hold local office. It draws on three case study councils - Nakuru Municipal, Kilifi and Kakamega County Councils - to critique the popular depiction of corrupt and self-serving local leaders. Contrary to this, the moral world of councillors is presented as one that was full of challenging and competing demands yet was not devoid of an ethos of civic responsibility. Despite the many financial and institutional weaknesses of local authorities, councillors retained a level of legitimacy within their communities through their roles as patrons and clients in local and national political networks. The thesis thus explores the interplay between 'elite' and 'deep' politics, arguing that the pressure on politicians to distribute patronage and provide welfare support was particularly acute for councillors. By examining these pressures, this thesis studies the tension between official policy and the everyday practices of local government.

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Falconer, Karolin. "HIV-1/HCV co-infection immunity and viral dynamics /." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-762-7/.

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Andersson, Jan. "Development of PET radioligands synthesized from in-target produced [¹¹C] methane." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-797-9/.

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Mulaudzi, Lufuno J. P. "Historicising the politics of vhuhosivhuhulu : the Venda polity and state formation in South Africa, c.1800s-2020." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76929.

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This thesis offers a critical narrative of the history of the conflicts around the vhuhosivhuhulu (“kingship”) of the Venda polity over the last three centuries, with a stronger emphasis on events as from the second half of the twentieth century, and specifically the way history had been employed in the political arena. The point of departure was to critique and revise the views of scholars who had previously focused solely on the Venda history in their attempt to ascertain what the motives of the disputing parties were. My argument had been that academic research on a discourse as complex as the Venda history ought also to consider the role of external forces in the making of the vhuhosivhuhulu of the Venda polity. The first chapter introduces the most prominent scholars in the making of historical narratives about the Venda polity. The second chapter frames the study within a broader discourse on rulership disputes in postcolonial Africa. The next three chapters provide a long view of external interferences in Venda succession disputes as extracted from major historical narratives. The last section of the study investigates power struggles amongst the Venda ruling houses within the context of the shaping of the modern South African state, through apartheid and into the post-1994 democratic dispensation. It illustrates how the fate of traditional leadership was treated in the investigations and findings of three successive commissions, popularly referred to as the Mushasha, Ralushai and Nhlapo Commissions, respectively. A chapter is then dedicated to perspectives on the issue of vhuhosivhuhulu as expressed by vhothovhele and magota of the Venda polity in interviews. The outspoken frankness of the interlocutors revealed a lot about the significance of vhuhosivhuhulu in current South African politics, and the contending parties’ knowledge of, selection from, interpretation and employment of popular as well as scholarly historical narratives within this context. The study is concluded at a time when two contenders within the Mphephu Ramabulana family (one of them, for the first time in history, a woman) are unleashing the full potential of the South African legal system (Councils of Traditional Leaders, Supreme Court of Appeal, Constitutional Court) to assert their right to the vhuhosivhuhulu of the Venda polity. Thesis (DPhil (History))--University of Pretoria, 2020. Historical and Heritage Studies DPhil (History) Unrestricted

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Metcalfe, Dawnna Elisabeth, KariLynn Dowling-McClay, and Nicholas E. Hagemeier. "Engagement in Hepatitis C and HIV Prevention: Community Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Non-Prescription Syringe Dispensing Legislation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2020/presentations/36.

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Since 2010, the incidence of acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections in the U.S. has nearly quadrupled. Re-use and sharing of syringes among people who inject drugs (PWID) is a significant contributor to increased rates of HCV transmission and a risk factor for HIV infection. Community pharmacists are uniquely positioned to offer harm reduction services that lower the transmission of HCV/HIV by providing sterile syringes to PWID. However, legislation on non-prescription syringe dispensing varies by state and differences in individual pharmacists’ interpretation and attitudes regarding these laws may impact their willingness to participate in harm reduction services. Little is known about the impact of these factors on pharmacist engagement with harm reduction services in central Appalachia, a region particularly hard-hit by the opioid epidemic. The objective of this project is to qualitatively evaluate open-ended responses collected as part of a survey administered to community pharmacists in three central Appalachian states in order to determine: 1) pharmacists’ knowledge and attitudes regarding their state’s non-prescription syringe dispensing laws; and 2) the correlation of attitudes about state legislation to pharmacists’ intent to sell syringes to PWID. A telephonic community pharmacist survey on non-prescription syringe attitudes and behaviors was conducted between April and June 2018 in Northeast Tennessee, Western North Carolina, and Southwest Virginia. Survey responses were obtained from pharmacists practicing in 391 community pharmacies (51% response rate) in the study region. Transcribed responses to open-ended survey questions were extracted from the dataset and a qualitative analysis was completed using a generalized inductive approach. A single investigator coded all qualitative data and a second investigator coded data from a random selection of 10% of the respondents in order to develop themes through consensus. Descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 to compare syringe law attitude thematic categories to respondents’ intent to sell syringes to PWID. Preliminary analysis identified discrepancies in pharmacists’ non-prescription syringe law knowledge, state-specific differences in pharmacists’ non-prescription syringe law attitudes, and underlying differences in willingness to sell syringes to PWID based on attitudes. The findings may encourage pharmacists to reflect on personal attitudes and interpretation of state-specific legislation as factors that may influence participation in an evidence-based harm reduction strategy for prevention of HCV/HIV transmission. This study offers preliminary results that will serve as a basis for larger studies and interventions aimed at reducing ambiguity in pharmacists’ interpretation of non-prescription syringe dispensing laws and encouraging pharmacists to counter the spread of HCV/HIV in an evidence-based manner.

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Lonja, Zoliswa Caroline. "A qualitative exploration of the complexities in agenda-setting and participation processes in sanitation services in Site C, Khayelitsha: 2010-2013." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6807.

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Masters in Public Administration - MPA "Sanitation is dignity" as the state has proclaimed while water is life. Yet to date, there are families and communities that are still dreaming that one day their dignity will be restored and they will have access to proper toilets, clean water that are within close proximity including proper houses. In the 24th year of democracy, people in South Africa are still protesting and challenging government to address the inequalities of the past and reset the agenda of change. These persistent protests are about basic needs and service delivery, but increasingly protestors are invoking the concept of relative needs, dignity and human rights and taking protests to the powerful and wealthy. In fact, the idea of the state as sacrosanct has been deflated since protestors throw poo at state officials and vandalise state infrastructure. The “poo wars” that broke out in 2012 with poo dumped at the airport and government buildings continued with the dumping of excrement on the Rhodes statue at UCT shows that the poor can sometimes set the agenda of change and force politicians to listen. Among the defensive responses raised by authorities is that people put their shacks on private land or pieces of land that are not suitable for housing (wetlands). Politically, there are complex issues in the Western Cape, both the Province and the City of Cape Town Metro are Democratic Alliance (DA) run whilst national government is ruled by the African National Congress (ANC). The majority of townships residents are ANC supporters with a few DA Proportional Representative (PR) councillors. This study looks at a qualitative exploration of the complexities in agenda-setting and participation processes in sanitation services in Site C, Khayelitsha between 2010-2013.Residents see agenda setting and engagements as unilateral, as this study found. It is designed into six chapters. The study was designed in a manner that it would reflect the knowledge and understanding the notion of consultation, community participation in decision-making, agenda-setting and implementation of projects or programmes by the people of Khayelitsha-Site C, Councillors, Shopstewards and officials of the City of Cape Town. Over 20 interviews were completed. A key finding is that by taking poo out of its usual place, taking it out of the private into the public domain and to the rich and by invading their space, the issues of the poor are no longer confined to ghetto townships. Boundaries between state and civil society have become porous. Cape Town’s poor residents using portable toilets commonly known as "pota-pota", and also the temporary toilets commonly known as ‘Mshengu’ have argued that these interim services are not only poorly maintained and dirty but are vastly inferior compared to white areas.

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Montero, Trujillo Stephanie. "Genotipificación del virus de la hepatitis C de muestras procedentes de la seroteca del Instituto Nacional de Salud, Perú 2010 – 2012." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/8165.

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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor Identifica los genotipos circulantes del VHC en el Perú durante el periodo 2010 – 2012. Se realiza un estudio exploratorio descriptivo. Se identifican 52 muestras con serología reactiva e indeterminada a anticuerpos anti-VHC, se utiliza el kit INNOTEST® HCV Ab, y se realiza la confirmación con un inmunoblot INNO-LIATM HCV Score, ambos kits de la marca INNOGENETICS®. Sólo se procesan 44 muestras mediante varias pruebas de PCR con diferentes juegos de cebadores dirigidos a la región NS5b y Core. El secuenciamiento es realizado por el método de Sanger, se utilizan secuencias de referencia del GenBank para la limpieza, alineamiento y construcción del árbol filogenético. Las secuencias se analizan con los programas ClustalX, Sequencher v.5.4.1, BioEdit y Mega v.6. Tesis

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Huamani, Huaris Daysi, and Poma Denilson Florentino Paucar. "Clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores de la empresa Express Jeans C & O S.A. 2020." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16629.

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En la actualidad, el clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral son variables primordiales para las organizaciones, pues permiten crear el ambiente óptimo donde los colaboradores pueden desempeñarse de forma eficaz. De esta forma, la presente investigación busca estudiar la relación entre el clima y satisfacción organizacional en los trabajadores de la empresa Express Jeans C & O S.A, principal empresa proveedora de pantalones Denim, más conocida como pantalones Jeans, de la cadena de tiendas TopiTop en Lima, Perú. Del mismo modo, la presente investigación adoptó el enfoque cuantitativo ya que se recolectarán datos con base en la medición y análisis estadístico para encontrar evidencia que respalde el modelo propuesto, el diseño empleado para la investigación corresponde no experimental, transversal y correlacional. Para contrastar la hipótesis se analizará los resultados de una encuesta compuesta por 50 preguntas aplicada a una muestra de 83 trabajadores de la empresa Express Jeans C & O S.A. Para el análisis de datos se aplicará el análisis correlacional

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Bilbault, Pascal. "Étude des mécanismes régulateurs de l'apoptose lympho-monocytaire induite par le choc septique chez l'Homme : rôle de la protéine C activée." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/BILBAULT_Pascal_2010.pdf.

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La physiopathologie du choc septique (CS) reste imparfaitement connue. La protéine C activée (PCa) réduit la mortalité par ses propriétés anticoagulantes, mais elle semble aussi moduler l'expression in vitro de gènes codant pour des molécules pro-inflammatoires ou anti-apoptotiques (Bcl-2). L’objectif était l’étude, in vivo, des mécanismes impliqués dans l’apoptose lympho-monocytaire de patients à la phase aigue du CS et l’action potentielle de la PCa. Nous avons quantifié en temps réel l’expression des gènes Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, TNFalpha, IL-10 et IFNgamma par RT-qPCR et réalisé une analyse du transcriptome. Les résultats objectivèrent une diminution significative d’expression du gène Bcl-2 des patients qui allaient décéder. La PCa induisait une augmentation significative d’expression de Bcl-2 et de Bcl-xl et réduisait significativement l’expression intra-cytoplasmique de l’IL-10 et d’ l’IFNgamma. L’analyse du transcriptome révéla une sur-expression de 800 gènes contre une sous-expression de 980 gènes. Les 3 fonctions statistiquement les plus sous-exprimées étaient : activation du TCR, constituants du ribosome et communication intercellulaire. Les plus sur-exprimés étaient : mort cellulaire, prolifération cellulaire et voie de signalisation de IL-1. L’effet de la PCa n’avait modifié significativement que 11 gènes. En conclusion, l’apoptose lympho-monocytaire induite par le CS in vivo est due à une sous expression de Bcl-2 et la PCa restore l’activité de Bcl-2 et Bcl-xl. La PCa régule aussi la transcription intracellulaires de cytokines. L’étude du transcriptome objective d’importantes modifications des voies biologiques induites par le CS mais peu modifiées par la PCa Pathophysiology of septic shock (SC) remains imperfectly known. Activated protein C (APC) reduces mortality in SC by its anticoagulant properties, but it also seems to modulate in vitro expression of genes encoding for pro-inflammatory or anti-apoptotic molecules (Bcl-2). The objective was to study, in vivo, mechanisms involved in apoptosis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients in SC and the potential action of APC on inflammatory and immune functions. We quantified gene expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, TNFalpha, IFNgamma and IL-10 by RT-qPCR and conducted a transcriptome analysis. The results showed a significantly decreased expression of Bcl-2 of patients who were dying. APC induced a significant increase of expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl and significantly reduced intra-cytoplasmic expression of IL-10 and IFNgamma. Transcriptome analysis revealed over-expression of 800 genes against a down-expression of 980 genes. The three functions statistically most under-expressed were : activation of TCR, components of the ribosome and intercellular communication. The most over-expressed were : cell death, cell proliferation and signalling pathway of IL-1. APC significantly altered only 11 genes expression. In conclusion, peripheral blood mononuclear cells apoptosis induced by CS, in vivo in humans, is due to a down-expression of Bcl-2 and APC restore the activity of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. APC also regulates the transcription of intracellular cytokines. The study of the transcriptome objectives significant changes in biological pathways induced by the SC but little were changed by APC

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Shiue, Chiou-Nan. "Role of c-Myc in the regulation of rDNA transcription by RNA polymerase I /." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-948-5/.

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Lambert, Alexandra. "Le rôle de la lectine de type C DCIR dans la pathogenèse associée à l'infection par le VIH-1." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27588/27588.pdf.

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Tufino, Santiago Diana Roxanna. "Variación de resistencias vs. Edades y relación a/c con cemento Portland tipo I (sol)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2010. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/urp/2010/tufino_dr/html/index-frames.html.

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Bonaventure, Bertrand. "Céramiques et société chez les Leuques et les Médiomatriques : IIe-Ier siècles avant J.-C." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/BONAVENTURE_Bertrand_2010_1.pdf.

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Principalement fondée sur l’étude exhaustive du mobilier de Nasium et du Fossé des Pandours, cette étude réalise la synthèse de la céramique chez les Leuques et les Médiomatriques. Situés à la croisée de trois grands domaines culturels de la fin de la protohistoire (Centre-Est de la Gaule, Belgique, domaine Rhénan), ces deux peuples présentent une identité mixte qui s’incarne particulièrement bien dans les poteries qu’ils utilisaient. Les céramiques culinaires montrent notamment l’existence de groupes micro-régionaux soumis à des influences diverses, et dont les limites correspondent rarement aux frontières politiques connues. Par ailleurs, les interactions économiques, révélées par les céramiques commercialisées à l’échelle régionale, sont également indépendantes des entités politiques. Quant au mobilier d’importation, il trahit les liens commerciaux avec le monde méditerranéen, et permet de s’interroger sur l’impact de la romanisation : si certaines pratiques de consommation ont pu évoluer au contact de Rome, les traditions culinaires, elles, restent traditionnelles et paraissent évoluer indépendamment de toute influence méditerranéenne This study, which is mainly based on the exhaustive study of ceramics from Nasium and the Fossé des Pandours, surveys what is known about these kinds of Leuque and Mediomatric artefacts. At the crossroads of three great cultural domains of the end of protohistory (Central Eastern Gaul, Belgium, Rhineland), these two peoples present mixed identities which are particularly well embodied in their pottery. The culinary ceramics in particular show the existence of micro-regional groups subject to various influences, their boundaries rarely matching known political borders. Moreover, economic interactions revealed by ceramics sold on a regional scale, are also independent of political entities. As for imported artefacts, they show commercial links with the Mediterranean world, calling into question the impact of Romanisation : whereas certain consumption practices evolved in contact with Rome, culinary traditions remained traditional, seeming to have developed independently of any Mediterranean influence Diese Arbeit, die sich hauptsächlich auf das erschöpfende Studium von Keramiken (Oppidums Nasium, Fossé des Pandours) stützt, bildet die Synthese von Keramik bei den Leuken und Mediomatriken. Diese beide Völker liegen an der Kreuzung von den drei grossen kulturellen Gebieten der Protogeschichte (Zentren-Osten von Gallien, Belgien, Rhenanisches Gebiet) und zeigen eine gemischte kulturelle Identität. Diese wird besonders deutlich bei der verwendeten Töpferei. Kulinarische Keramiken weisen namentlich auf die Existenz mikroregionaler Gruppen hin, die unter verschiedene Einflüsse stehen und deren Grenzen den bekannten politischen Grenzen selten entsprechen. Die wirtschaftlichen Interaktionen, die sich durch die Vermarktung von Keramiken auf regionaler Ebene zeigen, hängen ebenfalls von der politischen Entitäten. Einfuhrmaterial weist übrigens auf Geschäftsverbindungen mit dem mittelländischen Raum hin und wirft die Frage der Wirkung der Romanisierung auf. Gewisse Verbrauchsgewöhnheiten haben sich wahrscheinlich nur durch Kontakte mit Rom entwickeln können, aber die kulinarischen Gegebenheiten bleiben von der Tradition geprägt und scheinen sich unabhängig vom mittelländischen Einfluss entwickelt zu haben

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Paul, Campbell. "A historical and sociological study of an African-Caribbean football club in the East Midlands c.1970-2010." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/8245.

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This is a historical and sociological case study of an East Midlands-based, African-Caribbean-founded football club, Meadebrook Cavaliers c.1970 – 2010. Essentially, it is in response to a relative lack of research on the British African-Caribbean male experience in leisure and sport; and of ‘race’ and local level (‘grass-roots’) football club social histories in the UK. Findings are gleaned from an analysis of sources traditionally employed by historians and data extrapolated through the use of ethnographic and interview techniques. This includes data collected during the researcher’s observations as a participant within the club (as a club member and player over a two-year period). Attention is paid to the formation of this largely masculine ‘black’ space; the effects of sporting success on this club’s capacity to remain representative of the local African-Caribbean community (especially men); and on how, and in what ways, the development of local black football clubs has been influenced by more recent social, economic and political developments at both the local and national levels. In doing so, the thesis demonstrates how the sporting, spatial and social development of this football club has been intimately connected to changes in the wider political, social and sporting terrains within which the club has been located. It also empirically and explicitly connects the growth and changing functions of the organisation to the changing attitudes, social realities and identity politics of the club’s largely African-Caribbean male membership and to the changing demands and expectations over time of the wider black community. The thesis shows how the club moved from its origins as a parks-based team to becoming a successful senior level football club, and finally to achieving charitable status. In doing so, it also provides an example of the ways in which longitude studies of minority ethnic and local football clubs are particularly useful in the exploration of the changing social identities and cultural dynamics of the BAME communities that constitute them. In this case, the club as a space of sport and community provides a lens through which we can see and ‘track’ how diverging experiences of social mobility, well-being, integration and racism during the last four decades, have contributed to the emergence of markedly different inter and intra-generational perceptions of what it means to be ‘black’ in this context – and thus to an increasingly heterogeneous African-Caribbean identity in late-modern Britain. Importantly, the thesis also argues that local football has, at various points during the last four decades, been both a unifying and fracturing force in helping to shape the experiences and identities of local African-Caribbean men within the region.

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Balthazar, Daniel de Almeida. "Efeito do enxerto ?sseo c?rtico-esponjoso no reparo de falha cortical ulnar de Galinhas dom?sticas. 2010." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/882.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel de Almeida Balthazar.pdf: 1401083 bytes, checksum: 83ae40c829fabdead6d9cbc1eed23316 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-22 Fractures in birds represent a challenge for surgeons because bone peculiar characteristics associated with the type of trauma which these species are exposed, in many cases determine the type comminuted fractures or even loss of bone segments.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cortico-cancellous bone grafting in osteogenesis in cortical ulnar failure of domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus) by the clinical, radiological and histopathological study of bone healing. Eighteen female chickens, weighting two and half kilograms with approximately 70 weeks were used. In order to reduce the numbers of animals the both wings were used. For the purpose of reducing the number of animals used, they were subjected to surgical process on both wings, each included in the Control group (Group I) or treated (Group II), and randomly divided into four sub-groups according to the observation period. After fasting from food and water six hours was applied pre-anesthesia and subsequently performed with mask induction followed by intubation and maintenance circuit rebreathing. After reaching the proper anesthetic plane, the side of right ulna was surgically accessed, where it was created a failure of cortical approximately 3.3 mm in width and 1.6 mm in depth. The same procedure was performed in the left wing and after surgical access to the keel of the sternum were removed two bone fragments, which were immediately cut into pieces of approximately 3mm and implanted in bone defects already created in the left ulna. Clinical evaluation was done daily until the 10th postoperative day, then going to weekly until the end of the observation period of each group (14, 35, 60 and 90 days) when the animals were killed with sodium pentobarbital and fragments were collected from right and left ulnae achievement of histopathological and radiographic postmortem injuries. The only abnormality observed was hematoma, with resolution to 5 days. Comparing groups I and II at different times, it was observed that there was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in the radiological and histological parameters of proliferation between control and treated groups at 35 and 90 days after surgery. However, at times 14 and 60 days there were no significant differences. Compared to the 18 animals of the treated and control groups without taking into account the time of observation, a statistically significant difference was noted (p <0.05) between the two groups. Based on these results, we can conclude that the evolutionary process of incorporation of cortico-cancellous bone graft was found to be quite similar to that reported in small animals, and has demonstrated a satisfactory osteogenic potential, even revealing the need for a time to suffer greater bone remodeling when placed on bone defects stable form small gaps. As fraturas em aves representam um desafio para os cirurgi?es, pois suas caracter?sticas ?sseas peculiares associadas ao tipo de trauma a que geralmente essas esp?cies s?o expostas determinam fraturas cominutivas ou at? mesmo a perda de segmentos ?sseos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do enxerto ?sseo c?rtico-esponjoso na osteog?nese em falha cortical ulnar de galinhas dom?sticas (Gallus domesticus), atrav?s do acompanhamento cl?nico, radiol?gico e histopatol?gico da repara??o ?ssea. Foram utilizadas 18 galinhas, f?meas, com idade aproximada de 70 semanas, pesando aproximadamente dois quilos e meio. Para efeitos de redu??o no n?mero de animais utilizados, os mesmos foram submetidos ao processo cir?rgico em ambas as asas, cada uma inclu?da no grupo Controle (Grupo I) ou tratado (Grupo II), e subdivididos aleatoriamente em quatro sub-grupos de acordo com o per?odo de observa??o. Ap?s jejum h?drico e alimentar de 6 horas foi aplicada pr?-anestesia e posteriormente realizada indu??o anest?sica com m?scara, seguindo-se a intuba??o e manuten??o em circuito sem reinala??o. Ap?s atingirem o plano anest?sico adequado, a face lateral da ulna direita foi acessada cirurgicamente, local onde criou-se uma falha cortical de aproximadamente 3,3 mm de largura e 1,6 mm de profundidade. O mesmo procedimento foi realizado na asa esquerda e, ap?s acesso cir?rgico ? carena do esterno, foram retirados dois fragmentos ?sseos, os quais foram imediatamente seccionados em peda?os com aproximadamente 3mm e implantados na falha ?ssea j? criada na ulna esquerda. Avalia??o cl?nica foi di?ria at? o 10? dia p?soperat?rio, passando ent?o a semanal at? o final do per?odo de observa??o de cada grupo (14, 35, 60 e 90 dias), quando os animais foram abatidos com tiopental s?dico e foram coletados fragmentos das ulnas direita e esquerda para realiza??o dos exames histopatol?gico e radiogr?fico post-mortem das les?es. A ?nica altera??o cl?nica observada foi hematoma com resolu??o ao 5? dia. Comparando-se os grupos I e II nos diferentes tempos, foi poss?vel observar que houve diferen?a estat?stica significante (p<0,05) nos par?metros radiol?gicos e histopatol?gicos de prolifera??o entre os grupos controle e tratado aos 35 e 90 dias de p?scir?rgico. Entretanto, nos momentos 14 e 60 dias n?o foram observadas diferen?as estat?sticas significantes. Quando foram comparados os 18 animais dos grupos Controle e Tratado sem levar-se em conta o tempo de observa??o, foi notada diferen?a estat?stica significante (p<0,05) entre os dois grupos. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o processo evolutivo de incorpora??o do enxerto ?sseo c?rtico-esponjoso mostrou-se bastante semelhante ao relatado em pequenos animais, al?m de ter demonstrado um potencial osteog?nico satisfat?rio, mesmo sendo observada a necessidade de um tempo maior para sofrer remodela??o ?ssea quando colocado sobre falhas ?sseas est?veis que formam pequenas lacunas.

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Hoët, Sébastien. "La critique de la subjectivité dans l’œuvre de Roger Munier." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/11908113X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.

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Ce travail, première monographie consacrée à Roger Munier et à l'ensemble de son œuvre, se propose de penser conjointement poésie et philosophie autour de la question des processus de désubjectivation. L’œuvre de R. Munier s’ordonne autour de deux constats majeurs : le monde est sans moi, le monde n’est rien d’autre que soi. L’écrivain médite un monde qui ne peut être approché voire habité que dans l’effacement de toute forme de maîtrise, au premier chef celle du sujet, monde qui se pose par ailleurs, ou s’affirme, dans la négation du néant. Critiquer le sujet, penser le néant ou le rien qui fonde l’affirmation de l’être, demandera d’examiner à nouveaux frais le mode d’habiter de l’homme, son éventuelle relation avec Dieu, et l’activité de l’homme en rapport avec l’art (cinéma, littérature, plus précisément poésie) dans la mesure où une critique de la subjectivité ne peut laisser intacte la conception commune de l’inspiration As the first monograph dedicated to Roger Munier and his writings, this work intends to think poetry and philosophy at the same time through the process of loss of the subject. It appears as a twofold acknowledgement : the world exists without me, the world is nothing but itself. The artist reflects on a world which can only be reached or even lived in through the erasing of any form of mastery - be it of the subject, or of the world (which is and expresses itself in the negation of nothingness). As any critique of subjectivity also summons the common conception of inspiration, as any critique of the subject and the thinking of nothingness and/or anythingness are the very foundations of the being, we will be led to analyze the way man is inhabiting the world and his possible relationships with God and art ( cinema, literature and more precisely poetry)

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Marques, Patrícia Alexandra Bernardo. "Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada relativo ao ano lectivo de 2010/2011 na Escola Secundária c/ 3º ciclo Diogo de Gouveia, em Beja." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/12188.

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O presente Relatório, denominado Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada no ano lectivo de 2010/2011 na Escola Secundária c/ 3.ºCiclo de Diogo de Gouveia, em Beja, tem como base o trabalho desenvolvido ao longo do ano lectivo. Neste relatório são apresentadas algumas metodologias teórico-práticas utilizadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, as orientações curriculares seguidas na preparação das aulas bem como na sua execução, as estratégias utilizadas na avaliação das aprendizagens dos alunos, e ainda uma avaliação da prática lectiva levada a cabo ao longo do ano lectivo. Sendo a reflexão um elemento crucial em todo o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, pretendemos apresentar uma componente reflexiva sobre todos os elementos condicionantes no exercício da profissão, tendo sempre em vista uma melhoria na forma como as competências são desenvolvidas no aluno, visando ainda o contributo para a sua formação enquanto indivíduo numa sociedade de pertença. Tendo como suporte o Decreto-Lei n.º241/2001, e partindo dos aspectos referidos anteriormente, serão exploradas cinco áreas: a preparação científica, pedagógica e didáctica; a planificação, condução de aulas e avaliação de aprendizagens; a análise da prática de ensino; a participação na escola, e o desenvolvimento profissional; Abstract: This report, entitled Report of Supervised Teaching Practice for the academic year 2010/2011 at the Secondary and 3. ºcicle Diogo de Gouveia in Beja, is based on the work developed during the school year. In this report we present some theoretical-practical methodologies used in the teaching-learning process and the curricular orientations followed for preparing and giving classes. We also present the strategies used in the evaluation of students and an evaluation of the teaching process carried out throughout the year. Since reflection is a crucial element in the entire teaching-learning process, we want to present a reflexive component of all the constraints of this profession, always taking into account an improvement on the way students develop their skills and the contribution for their formation as individuals in a belonging society. With the Decree-Law 241/2001 as a support and based on the aspect above- mentioned, we will explore five areas: the scientific, pedagogic and didactic preparation; the planning and conducting of classes and the evaluation of the learning process; the analysis of the teaching practice; the participation in school and the professional development.

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32

Billet, Arnaud. "Relations structure-fonction du CFTR : étude de l'influence de l'extrémité C-terminale du NBD1 et de son environnement moléculaire sur l'adressage, l'activité et la pharmacologie des canaux." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Billet-Arnaud/2010-Billet-Arnaud-These.pdf.

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La protéine transmembranaire CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator), impliquée dans la mucoviscidose est un canal chlorure régulée par l'ATP et l'AMPc. Les mécanismes de régulation des processus d'ouverture/fermeture du canal ne sont pas encore clairement démontrés mais depuis quelques années, les nouvelles données sur la structure moléculaire de la protéine ont permis des avancés dans ce domaine. Les objectifs de ce travail de recherche ont été de caractériser, par une étude de relation structure/fonction, le rôle de l'extrémité C-terminale du NBD1 et de son environnement moléculaire dans la régulation de la maturation ou de l'activité du canal ainsi que dans sa pharmacologie. Certains résidus déterminés par l'exploration des modèles moléculaires ont été mutés par mutagenèse dirigée puis les conséquences de ces mutations ont été analysées par les techniques de western blot, de patch clamp et d'efflux d’iodure. Nos travaux ont permis de mettre en évidence l'importance de l'intégrité de la structure en épingle à cheveux de l'extrémité C-terminale du NBD1 ainsi que de ses différentes liaisons, dans la maturation et l'activité du canal. Concernant le mécanisme d'action des composés MPB, composés à double action (activateur et correcteur de CFTR), nous avons montré que la perturbation directe de la structure de la β-hairpin rendait l'action des composés impossible alors que la perturbation de la liaison avec le Walker A du NBD2 induisait une meilleure action des MPB. Nos travaux ont donc permis de mettre en évidence un rôle important de l'extrémité C-terminale du NBD1 dans la régulation de l'adressage, de l'activité et de la pharmacologie du canal CFTR Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations of the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CFTR is a chloride channel regulated by ATP and cAMP. The regulation of the CFTR gating remains unclear. In this study we have investigated the role of the last β hairpin of NBD1 and its direct environment in the maturation, the activation and the pharmacology of the channel. We also performed a molecular dissection of CFTR by examining several CFTR mutants (constructed by site directed mutagenesis and tested by western blot, patch clamp recording and iodide efflux) located in the last β hairpin of NBD1 or in contact with it. Our results indicated that the integrity of the beta hairpin (and in particular the orientation of the two latest β strands) and its links with other domains is important for the maturation, the activity but also the pharmacology of the channel. All these results suggest an important influence of the C-terminus of the NBD1 for the control of CFTR channel gating and protein trafficking

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Guével, Marc-Henri. "Caractérisation des signaux initiateurs de stress chez le fruit de la tomate suite à un stress oxydatif (UV-C) lors de la conservation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27318/27318.pdf.

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Viel, Marie-France. "Les Métamorphoses d'Ovide en leurs transformations: L'allégorie anagogique et son expression dans le B.N., MS. FR. 137." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27281/27281.pdf.

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35

Tolley-Stokes, Rebecca. "Eighty-four Percent Women & Academics: Demographics from a 2010 Study of Tennessee Libraries Book Reviewers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5764.

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Cesías, López Julio César. "Cambios en el astigmatismo corneal y agudeza visual post cirugía de trabeculectomía con mitomicina C : Hospital Nacional Luis N. Saenz, Policía Nacional del Perú : Lima, junio 2010-mayo 2011." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/13115.

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Objetivo: la cirugía de trabeculectomia con mitomicina C es una de las opciones en el manejo del glaucoma actualmente. Es común escuchar, posterior a la cirugía, molestias relacionadas a alteraciones en la capacidad visual de estos pacientes. Se estudio si hay cambios en el astigmatismo corneal y agudeza visual en pacientes post operados de trabeculectomia con mitomicina C. Material y Métodos: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo con seguimiento, serie de casos en 29 ojos de 21 pacientes con glaucoma operados de trabeculectomia con mitomicina C. Se comparan los valores de astigmatismo corneal y agudeza visual pre y post cirugía. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 63 años (rango entre: 48 a 83), 61.9% fueron de sexo masculino, el glaucoma avanzado fue el diagnóstico pre cirugía más frecuente. Cambio el tipo de astigmatismo, el valor astigmático disminuyó en promedio 0.22 D entre el pre y post cirugía. La diferencia de AV post cirugía disminuyó en 0.12 (equivalente a 1.5 líneas de AV) Conclusiones: hay cambios en el astigmatismo corneal y agudeza visual en pacientes post cirugía de trabeculectomia con mitomicina c, y esta diferencia es estadísticamente significativa. Trabajo académico

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Serina-Karsky, Fabienne. "Pratiques éducatives et bien-être de l’enfant à l’école : la contribution de l’Éducation nouvelle (1910-2010) : pour un nouveau paradigme éducatif." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/180962329#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.

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Les pratiques éducatives qui favorisent le bien-être de l'enfant à l'école constituent l’objet de cette thèse, qui s’inscrit dans le champ des recherches, en sciences de l’éducation, traitant des innovations pédagogiques, et participe de la visée d'une « école suffisamment bonne » qu'appelle de ses voeux Jeanne Moll. Dans cette optique, notre recherche porte sur les écoles se réclamant aujourd'hui du courant historique de l'Éducation nouvelle, qui inscrivent le bien-être de l'enfant à l'école au coeur de leur pédagogie. Bien que peu nombreuses, elles actualisent le paradigme de l’Éducation nouvelle forgé au début du 20ème siècle, centré sur l’enfant. Pour l’étude des pratiques éducatives qui s’y développent, cette thèse adopte une démarche socio-historique. Elle part d’une exploration du présent de ces écoles pour remonter à leurs sources et précédents historiques. En termes de méthode, elle procède, d’une part, par une enquête sociologique de type « recherche collaborative », d’autre part, par une enquête historique portant sur des situations éducatives exemplaires, réparties sur une cinquantaine d’années (1910-1960), à partir de fonds d’archives. Cette double approche, synchronique et diachronique, permet d'esquisser un nouveau paradigme éducatif qui prenne en compte la dimension de la « bien-traitance » de l'enfant à l'école. La pensée d'Edgar Morin, qui place l'identité humaine au coeur de ses recherches, nous permet de penser la place et le respect de l'enfant à l'école dans une perspective dialogique, qui éclaire une entité globale rendue invisible si l'on pense le bien-être de l'enfant, appartenant à la sphère privée, et l'école, qui relève de l'espace public, comme deux entités antagonistes et séparées The educational practices that encourage the child's well-being at school are the object of this thesis, that belongs to researches on pedagogic innovations, and participates in the aim of a “good enough school” for which wishes Jeanne Moll. Starting from this point of view, our research focuses on schools belonging, still today, to the historical courant of New Education, that inscribe at the heart of their pedagogy the child's well-being at school. Although few in number, they update the paradigm of New education from the early 20th century, centered on the child. For the study of the educational practices that develop there, this thesis adopts a social-historical approach. It starts from a present exploration of theses schools to go back to their history and sources. In terms of method, it proceeds, on one hand of a “collaborative research” type sociological survey, and on another hand of a historical research, from archives, dealing on remarkable educational situations spread over fifty years (1910-1960). This dual approach, both synchronic and diachronic, allows to draw a new educational paradigm that would take into account the dimension of respect and “well-treatment” of the child at school. The thought of Edgar Morin, who places human identity at the heart of his researches, allows us to consider the place and respect of the child at school in a perspective, that reveals a global entity made invisible if one thinks of the well being of the child belonging to the private sphere, and school, which is of the public space, as two separate and antagonists entities

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Amorim, Thiago Rodrigues de. "Tendência da mortalidade por hepatites virais B e C e neoplasia maligna do fígado e vias biliares intra-hepáticas no Brasil, 1980 a 2010." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/13261.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Sáude, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2013. Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2013-06-05T15:48:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_ThiagoRodriguesAmorim.pdf: 1073093 bytes, checksum: c73128dc7613b5ecfe495ff3d96bd520 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2013-06-06T11:33:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_ThiagoRodriguesAmorim.pdf: 1073093 bytes, checksum: c73128dc7613b5ecfe495ff3d96bd520 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-06T11:33:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_ThiagoRodriguesAmorim.pdf: 1073093 bytes, checksum: c73128dc7613b5ecfe495ff3d96bd520 (MD5) Introdução: as hepatites virais B e C constituem causa importante de morbidade e mortalidade em todo mundo devido ao seu potencial para evolução crônica. Essas infecções representam algumas das causas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento da neoplasia maligna do fígado e das vias biliares intra-hepáticas, terceira causa de óbito por câncer no mundo. Objetivo: analisar a tendência de mortalidade por tais enfermidades no Brasil, entre os anos de 1980 e 2010. Métodos: estudo de séries temporais com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, considerando a causa básica de óbito. Coeficientes de mortalidade brutos, padronizados, específicos por idade segundo região de residência e sexo foram calculados e as tendências analisadas utilizando modelos de regressão polinomial. Resultados: a tendência de mortalidade por hepatites virais B e C foi crescente em todas as faixas etárias, Regiões e para ambos os sexos, sobretudo para o masculino. O coeficiente médio de mortalidade por hepatite B foi 0,19 para cada 100 mil habitantes com 2aumento linear anual de 0,012 (R=0,92; p<0,001), destacando-se a Região Norte, detentora dos maiores coeficientes de mortalidade e incrementos anuais. Em relação à hepatite C, o coeficiente médio de mortalidade para o país foi 0,70 por 100 2mil habitantes com aumento linear anual de 0,071 (R=0,91; p<0,001). As Regiões Sul e Sudeste tiveram os mais altos coeficientes de mortalidade e incrementos anuais. Quanto à neoplasia maligna do fígado e vias biliares intra-hepáticas, a tendência foi crescente para ambos os sexos. O coeficiente médio de mortalidade para o país foi 3,59 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes com aumento linear anual de 0,020 2(R=0,60; p<0,001). Conclusões: diferenças regionais quanto a qualidade das informações sobre mortalidade, oferta de serviços de saúde e diagnóstico, bem como evidências de maior prevalência de fatores de risco para as doenças supracitadas no sexo masculino poderiam explicar a tendência crescente dos coeficientes de mortalidade observados. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Introduction: Viral hepatitis B and C constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide because of its potential for chronic evolution. These infections represent some of the causes related to the development of malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, the third leading cause of death related to cancer worldwide. Objective: Analyze trends in HBV- and HCV-related deaths in Brazil between 1980 and 2010. Methods: Time series study with data from the Mortality Information System, considering the underlying cause of death. Mortality rates both crude and standardized, age specific by region of residence and sex were calculated and trends analyzed using polynomial regression models. Results: Trends in hepatitis B and C related mortality was increased in all age groups, regions, and for both sexes, although higher among males. The average mortality rate for hepatitis B 2was 0,19 per 100.000 inhabitants with annual linear increase of 0,012 (R = 0.92; p <0.001). The Northern Region holds the highest mortality rates and increments per year. Regarding hepatitis C, the mean mortality rate for the country was 0,70 per 2100.000 inhabitants with an annual increase of 0,071 linear (R = 0,91; p <0.001). The South and Southeast Regions represented those with the highest mortality rates and annual increments. Malignant liver and intrahepatic bile ducts neoplasm have increased for both men and women during the period. The average mortality rate for the country was 3,59 deaths per 100.000 inhabitants with annual linear increase of 20,020 (R = 0,60; p<0.001). Conclusions: regional differences regarding the quality of information on mortality, provision of health services and diagnostics, as well as evidence of a greater prevalence of risk factors for the above mentioned diseases among males could explain the observed upward trend in mortality rates.

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Servello, Emerson Luiz. "Dados polarimétricos do RADARSAT-2 (banda C) na discriminação de uso e cobertura da terra na região da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2010. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m19/2010/10.26.01.47.

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O Brasil é pioneiro em programas de monitoramento de floresta tropical, tais como o PRODES e DETER. No entanto, estes programas utilizam imagens de sensores ópticos, sujeitos à cobertura de nuvens. Justifica-se assim o interesse em empregar dados de radar no monitoramento de florestas. Portanto, busca-se com esta dissertação estudar o comportamento da radiação, Banda C, proveniente do sensor SAR RADARSAT-2 aplicado ao monitoramento de uso e cobertura do solo na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós e entorno. Para atender este propósito o trabalho foi divido em três partes: (i) análise preliminar dos dados SAR; (ii) classificação dos dados com mudança de base polarimétrica; e (iii) análise temporal das imagens SAR nos anos de 2008 e 2009. A análise preliminar empregando gráficos de análise de fase, coeficiente de correlação e fração de polarização revelaram o grau de espalhamento da onda e o potencial das imagens no tratamento por mudança de base. As maiores contribuições para a despolarização da onda vieram das classes pastagem e floresta. Esta informação foi validada na segunda etapa da pesquisa, ao se aplicar a estatística kappa nas classificações das seguintes imagens: a) modo normal completa em polarizações conforme adquirida, b) com novos valores de elipticidade (E), e orientação (O) (E45O0, e E30O45); e c) imagens com polarizações HH e HV. A polarização HH apresentou resultado superior às demais classificações. Ao empregar as imagens polarimétricas num contexto temporal, o uso de imagens RADARSAT-2, em primeira instância, foi viável no estudo de mudança no uso e cobertura do solo em escala regional. No entanto apresentou limitações quanto à ocorrência de precipitação no ato da aquisição dos dados bem como em áreas com variações abruptas de relevo. Esta dissertação apresentou avanços na disponibilização de informações e características da banda C, em resposta à vegetação de porte arbóreo, assim como algumas coberturas da terra de ocorrência frequente em floresta tropical. Os resultados mostraram uma metodologia de uso da polarimetria por mudança de base para a identificação de classes de uso e cobertura do solo. Este campo de pesquisa ainda deve ser explorado, com a investigação das demais técnicas e ferramentas para a identificação de classes e variáveis da vegetação a partir de dados polarimétricos em banda C. Brazil is a pioneer in forest monitoring programs, such as PRODES and DETER. However, these programs use images from optical sensors, subject to cloud cover. Thus, the interest in employing radar data for monitoring forests was justified. This dissertation seaks the study of C-band SAR data, from RADARSAT-2, to monitor land use and land cover in the Tapajos National Forest and surrounding areas. To serve this purpose, the work was divided into three parts: (i) preliminary analysis of SAR data; (ii) classification of data with a change of the polarimetric basis; and (iii) temporal analysis of SAR images from years 2008 and 2009. Preliminary analysis using phase graphical analysis, correlation coefficient and polarization fraction revealed the degree of scattering of the wave and the potential for the treatment of images by changing the base. The results showed that the largest contributions to the depolarized wave came from forest and pasture classes. This information has been validated at the second stage of the research, by applying the Kappa statistics scores for analyzing the classification of the following images: a) Normal mode in complete polarization, b) with new values of ellipticity (E) and orientation (O) (E45O0, and E30O45); and c) images with HH and HV polarizations. The accuracy of the HH polarization was higher than the other classifications. By employing the polarimetric images in a temporal context, the use of Radarsat-2 images was feasible for the study of land use and land cover change at regional scales. However, it has presented limitations regarding the occurrence of precipitation at the time of data acquisition as well as in areas with abrupt changes in relief. This thesis presented advances in providing information and characteristics of C-band in response to the vegetation, as well as in response to some land covers of frequent occurrence in tropical forest areas. The results showed a methodology to use the polarimetry by changing the basis for the identification of classes of land use and cover. This field of research remains to be explored, with research into other techniques and tools for identifying classes and vegetation variables from polarimetric C band data.

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Vandenberghe, Caroline. "L’iconographie d’Hélène de Troie sur les miroirs étrusques du Ve au IIIe siècle av. J.-C." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100011/2020PA100011.pdf.

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Hélène de Troie, héroïne emblématique du cycle troyen, jouit d’une fortune particulière en Étrurie, à partir du Ve siècle av. J.-C., notamment sur les miroirs en bronze, objet traditionnellement associé au monde féminin. Plus qu’une simple légende, chez les Grecs, son histoire symbolise la suprématie de la beauté et le conflit qui oppose la morale à l’esthétique. Les sources littéraires qui la mentionnent sont innombrables et son personnage s’est construit au fil des siècles, s’adaptant aux époques et aux mentalités. Personnage ambigu et complexe, Hélène a de multiples facettes : à la fois figure exemplaire du mariage et en même temps adultère et bigame, parthenos et nymphê, elle incarne les divers aspects du féminin. Notre étude s’intéresse à son iconographie en Étrurie, où les artisans interprètent le mythe grec et l’adaptent aux besoins de la clientèle locale. À partir d’un corpus de vingt-sept miroirs, datés du Ve au début du IIIe siècle av. J.-C., nous nous sommes appliqués à révéler un discours spécifique dont on a cherché à délimiter les formes. La confrontation du corpus de miroirs à d’autres répertoires du monde grec et italique, notamment la peinture vasculaire, ainsi que les sources textuelles antiques, ont permis de mettre en lumière l’imaginaire d’Hélène, mais aussi la présence d’un « réseau iconographique » féminin qui se forme au IVe siècle av. J.-C. dans la péninsule italique. Ainsi, les autres héroïnes homériques comme Cassandre, Ariadne ou Polyxène, participent à un même discours formant la trame d’un répertoire visuel exaltant les valeurs de l’aristocratie féminine italique. Notre recherche s’intéresse ainsi au mundus muliebris italique, en particulier tyrrhénien, à travers l’iconographie d’Hélène, modèle héroïque, et à travers le miroir, objet porteur de valeurs féminines fortes. Ce réseau sémantique féminin, dont Hélène est l’une des figures principales, rappelle certaines notions, comme la beauté, la charis, la séduction ou le mariage Helen of Troy, emblematic heroine of the Trojan Cycle in 5th century BC, enjoyed a special fortune in Etruria, of bronze mirrors in particular, an object traditionally associated with the female world. More than just a legend, among the Greeks, the history of Helen symbolizes the supremacy of beauty and conflict between morality and aesthetics. The literary sources that mention it are innumerable and its character has been built for many centuries, adapting to the different times and mentalities. An ambiguous and complex character, Helen of Troy has many sides to her: she is both an exemplary figure of marriage and, at the same time, an adulterer and bigamist, parthenos and nymphê, she embodies many different feminine aspects. Our study is interested in Etruria’s iconography, where craftsmen interpret the Greek myth and adapt it to the local customer needs. From a corpus of twenty-seven mirrors, dated from the 5th to the early 3rd century BC, we sought to reveal a specific speech and determine its forms. The comparison of the corpus of mirrors with other, Greek and Italic, directories, including vascular painting, and ancient textual sources, made it possible to highlight not only Helen's imagination, but also the presence of a female "iconographic network" that was formed in the Italic peninsula in the 4th century BC, in which other Homeric heroines such as Cassander, Ariadne and Polyxene, using the same speech forming the framework of a visual directory, wich extolls the values of the Italic female aristocracy. Our research focus on the Italic muliebris mundus, Etruscans in particular, through the iconography of Helen, a heroic model, and through the mirror, an object that represents strong female values. This feminine semantic network, of which Helen is one of the main figures, recalls certain notions, such as beauty, charis, seduction and marriage

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Botelho, Maria Clara da Silva Negreiros. "Normaliza??o das Altera??es Cl?nicas e Hematol?gicas em C?es com Ehrlichiose Submetidos ao Tratamento com Doxiciclina. 2010. 41p." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/923.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Clara da Silva Negreiros Botelho.pdf: 723451 bytes, checksum: 1e37e85e4e70439cfb2171e80f21bc04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-08 The canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, is caused by the rickettsia Ehrlichia canis, an obligatory intracellular parasite of mononuclear cells and transmitted by the dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The clinical and hematological abnormalities are varied, depending on the strain of Ehrlichia spp., the immune response of the dog and the concomitant presence of other diseases. Among the various hematological disorders, thrombocytopenia is a common feature. The disease can manifest itself through a variety of clinical veterinarians, particularly those working in endemic areas, should always consider the possibility of infection with Ehrlichia spp., especially in dogs with nonspecific signs of illness. This study aimed to evaluate clinical and hematologic recuperation of dogs naturally infected with Ehrlichia sp. and treated with doxycycline. The trial was performided at the Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy from the Department of Animal Parasitology of the Institute of Veterinary of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. About the total of 90 Beagles dogs kept in kennels experimental laboratory, twelve were selected, with clinical signs such as fever, anorexia, vomiting, weight loss, pale mucous membranes, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly and the presence of ticks R. sanguineus and find hematologic thrombocytopenia. The laboratory diagnosis was confirmed by direct identification of morulae of Ehrlichia sp. in blood smears stained with Giemsa. After weighing all of 12 dogs, they were individually treated with doxycycline at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight every 12 hours for 21 days, during which assessments were made of clinical and hematologic exams. Some clinical changes were observed during the evaluation period as fever, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, pale mucous membranes, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy presenting these standard parameters the 21 days of treatment. The abnormalities found were thrombocytopenia and normochromic normocitic anemia. In the days +14 and +21, the mean counts of red blood cells and hematocrit value were within normal physiological parameters for the species. There was a statistically significant difference between days -1 and +21 by red blood counts and hematocrit values. At the end of treatment, all animals were normalized to platelet count, statistically significant differences between days -1 and +21. It is concluded that there was clinical-hematological normalization at the end of the treatment period and that it administered at a dose of 10mg/kg over 21 days produced no clinical and hematological reactions. Key words: Antibioticotherapy, Ehrlichia spp., Hematology. A ehrlichiose monoc?tica canina, doen?a infecciosa de distribui??o mundial, ? causada pela riqu?tsia Ehrlichia canis, parasita intracelular obrigat?rio de c?lulas mononucleares caninas e transmitida pelo carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus. As anormalidades cl?nicas e hematol?gicas s?o variadas, dependendo da linhagem de Ehrlichia spp., da resposta imune do c?o e da presen?a concomitante de outras doen?as. Entre as diversas anormalidades hematol?gicas, a trombocitopenia ? um achado predominante. Como a doen?a pode se manifestar atrav?s de uma grande variedade de sinais cl?nicos, os m?dicos veterin?rios, particularmente aqueles que trabalham em regi?es end?micas, devem sempre considerar a possibilidade de infec??o por Ehrlichia spp., especialmente em c?es com sinais n?o espec?ficos da doen?a. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a recupera??o cl?nicohematol?gica de c?es naturalmente infectados por Ehrlichia sp. e tratados com doxiciclina. O estudo foi realizado nas depend?ncias do Laborat?rio de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterin?ria do Departamento de Parasitologia Animal da UFRRJ. Selecionou-se 12 animais da ra?a Beagle, do total de 90 c?es mantidos no canil experimental do laborat?rio, com sinais cl?nicos, como febre, anorexia, v?mito, emagrecimento, mucosas hipocoradas, hepato e esplenomegalia, al?m da presen?a de carrapatos R. sanguineus e do achado hematol?gico de trombocitopenia. O diagn?stico laboratorial foi confirmado pela identifica??o direta de m?rulas de Ehrlichia sp. em esfrega?os sangu?neos corados por Giemsa. Ap?s a pesagem dos 12 c?es, os mesmos foram tratados individualmente com doxiciclina, na dose de 10mg/kg de peso corporal, por via oral, a cada 12 horas por um per?odo de 21 dias, durante os quais foram realizadas avalia??es de par?metros cl?nicos e hematol?gicos. Algumas altera??es cl?nicas foram observadas ao longo do per?odo de avalia??o como febre, anorexia, v?mito, diarr?ia, mucosas hipocoradas, esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia apresentando-se estes par?metros normalizados ao 21? dia de tratamento. As altera??es hematol?gicas encontradas foram trombocitopenia e anemia normocit?ca normocr?mica. Nos dias +14 e +21, as contagens m?dias de hem?cias e valor de hemat?crito estavam dentro dos par?metros fisiol?gicos normais para a esp?cie. Houve diferen?a estat?stica significativa entre os dias -1 e +21 na contagem de hem?cias e nos valores de hemat?crito. Quanto a trombocitopenia, no fim do tratamento, todos animais estavam com plaquetometria normalizada, havendo diferen?a estat?stica significativa entre os dias -1 e +21. Conclui-se que houve uma normaliza??o dos quadros cl?nico-hematol?gicos ao final do per?odo de tratamento e que o mesmo administrado na dose de 10mg/Kg ao longo de 21 dias n?o produziu rea??es cl?nicas e hematol?gicas adversas. Palavras-chave: Antibioticoterapia, Ehrlichia spp., Hematologia.

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Ramos, Anselmo Silva. "Bacteremia transit?ria e risco de endocardite em c?es com doen?a periodontal em diferentes procedimentos odontol?gicos e usuais. 2010." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/922.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anselmo Silva Ramos.pdf: 9452970 bytes, checksum: 54edbfe5612f83c527cf96b62151498d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-25 Based on the premisse that the oral trauma might cause the introduction of bacteria in the bloodstream, this study was developed aiming at investigating the frequency of transitory bacteremia in different dental procedures and the usual in dogs and the risk of infectious endocarditis in these animals. 36 dogs were were evaluated and classified as to the degree of the periodontal disease in six treatments: T1 (n=5) healthy gum/ negative control;T2(n=6) mild gingivitis; T3 (n=6) moderate or severe gingivitis/feeding;T4(n=6)moderate or severe gingivitis / toothbrushing t5(n=6)moerate or severe periodontitis/ removal of subgum plaque ;T5(n=7) severe periodonctis / exodontia. Blood samples for hemogram and hemoculture were obtained before the procedures, and two for hemoculture with thirty-minute breaks after the procedures. The hemoculture was performed in triphasic hemobac and the hemograms in electronic counter. After that, the animals were sumitted to cardiac assessment by ultrasound tests. A great accumulation of plaque was observed in animals of different ages especially in the upper molar and premolar teeth. The hemogram revealed values indicative of ANN, normal leucometria and trombocitopenia in all groups. There were 22 % of positive hemocultures beforem, 32,2% immediately after and 30 minutes after the procedures with mostly Staphylococcus sp and Streptococcus sp .In the ultrasound tests there were no alterations indicative of proliferative vegetative lesions. The diameters of the atria and ventricles were smaller in the animals with periodontitis. The cardiac debt was also smaller in these animals. The thickness of the walls of the ventricles were smaller in the healthy animals. The average mitral thickness did not significantly vary in the healthy animals and the ones with PD. The average values were compatible with endocardiosis (3,39 +_ 0,71) in 31 animals. The two represent the measurement of the diameter of the root of the Aorta out of the limits and the relation LV/AO made cardiopathy evident in at least 15 animals. The cardiac debt was smaller in the animals with PD within the group of weight associated with other parameters of the ventricular function suggest a PD effect on the cardiocirculatory activity. Com base na premissa de que o trauma oral pode provocar a introdu??o de bact?rias na corrente sangu?nea, este estudo foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de investigar a freq??ncia de bacteremia transit?ria em diferentes procedimentos odontol?gicos e usuais em c?es e o risco de endocardite infecciosa nesses animais. Foram avaliados 36 c?es classificados quanto ao grau da doen?a periodontal em seis tratamentos: T1 (n=5) gengivas saud?veis / Controle negativo; T2 (n=6) - gengivite leve; T 3 (n= 6) gengivite moderada ou grave / alimenta??o; T 4 (n= 6) gengivite moderada ou grave / escova??o; T 5 (n=6) - periodontite moderada ou grave / remo??o da placa subgengival; T6 (n=7) periodontite grave / exodontia. Amostras de sangue para hemograma e hemocultura foram obtidas antes dos procedimentos, e duas para hemocultura com intervalos de 30 minutos ap?s os procedimentos. A hemocultura foi realizada em Hemobac trif?sico e os hemogramas em contador eletr?nico. Ap?s, os animais foram submetidos ? avalia??o card?aca pela ecocardiografia. Em animais de diferentes idades foi observado grande ac?mulo de placa, sobretudo nos pr?-molares e molares superiores. O hemograma revelou valores indicativos de ANN, leucometria normal e trombocitopenia em todos os grupos. Obteve-se 22% de hemoculturas positivas antes, 32,2% imediatamente e 30 minutos ap?s os procedimentos com predom?nio de Staphylococcus sp e Streptococos sp. Na avalia??o ultrassonogr?fica n?o foram evidenciadas altera??es indicativas de les?es proliferativas vegetativas. Os di?metros dos ?trios e ventr?culos foram menores nos animais com periodontite. Tamb?m o d?bito card?aco foi menor nesses animais. A espessura da parede do ventr?culo foi menor nos animais sadios. A espessura m?dia da mitral n?o variou significativamente entre animais sadios e com DP. Os valores m?dios foram compat?veis com endocardiose (3,39 ? 0,71) em 31 animais. Dois apresentaram a mensura??o do di?metro da raiz da aorta fora dos limites e a rela??o VE/AO evidenciou cardiopatia em pelo menos 15 animais. O d?bito card?aco menor em animais com DP na mesma faixa de peso em associa??o com outros par?metros da fun??o ventricular sugere um efeito da DP sobre a atividade cardiocirculat?ria.

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Dupuis, Mathieu. "Crises, restructurations et relations industrielles dans l'industrie automobile nord-américaine : une étude comparative-historique des relations du travail de la General Motors Corporation et de Chrysler, c. 1973-2009." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27529/27529.pdf.

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Ponaire, Sarah. "Synthèse d'analogues de substrats ou d'inhibiteurs d'enzymes de la voie du 2-C-méthyl-D-érythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pour la synthèse des isoprénoïdes." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/PONAIRE_Sarah_2010_ED222.pdf.

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La résistance de plus en plus importante des microorganismes aux antibiotiques et antiparasitaires actuels, nous incite à identifier de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques pour lutter contre ces agents pathogènes. Les isoprénoïdes constituent une vaste famille de composés naturels présents chez tous les organismes vivants. Ils peuvent être biosynthétisés selon deux voies: la voie du mévalonate et la voie du 2-C-méthylérythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) ; Cette dernière voie est présente chez de nombreux microorganismes pathogènes ou parasites, mais absente chez l’homme. La voie de biosynthèse des isoprénoïdes selon la voie du MEP devient donc une cible parfaite pour identifier de nouveaux antimicrobiens. Dans cette optique, nous avons choisi de synthétiser dans une première partie six prodrogues de deux acides phosphoniques déjà synthétisés au laboratoire. Ces derniers, dérivés de la fosmidomycine, s’étant déjà distingués par leur pouvoir inhibiteur sur la DXR d’Escherichia coli. Ces prodrogues ont été testées sur des cultures de cellules de tabac, les BY-2 ainsi que sur une bactérie, Mycobacterium smegmatis. Les résultats obtenus sur BY-2 révèlent que ces prodrogues sont de meilleurs inhibiteurs que la fosmidomycine et qu’ils sont toujours actifs à des concentrations auxquelles la fosmidomycine n’a plus aucun effet. Parallèlement à ce travail une synthèse de MEP sous forme de prodrogue a été envisagée ; malgré les différents groupements utilisés pour masquer le phosphate ainsi que les nombreux jeux de protections et déprotections, le MEP prodrogue n’a pu être obtenu. Dans une troisième partie nous nous sommes intéressés à la synthèse de la DHAP (dihydroxyacétonephosphate) qui est une petite molécule hautement fonctionnalisée intervenant dans bon nombre de voies métaboliques. La synthèse mise au point dépasse par sa simplicité et son efficacité toutes les préparations de DHAP réalisées à ce jour. La dernière partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’étude de la sélectivité de la première enzyme de la voie du MEP, la désoxyxylulose phosphate synthase (DXS). Pour ce faire, nous avons tenté de synthétiser le L-GAP (L-glycéraldéhyde 3- phosphate) qui est l’énantiomère du substrat naturel de la DXS. Malgré les différents chemins réactionnels testés, cette synthèse n’a pu être menée à son terme Isoprenoïds are components of the vast family of « natural compounds » present in all living organisms. They are biosynthetically obtained by two distinct pathways: the mevalonate pathway and the 2-C-methylerithritol 4-phosphate pathway; the latter is present in numerous pathogenous microorganisms and parasites. Growing microorganism resistance to antibiotics and antiparasitics forces us to identify new therapeutic targets to fight against pathogens. The great advantage of the 2-C-methylerithritol 4-phosphate pathway is that it is absent in humans thus being the ideal target to discover new antibiotics. To that end, we decided to synthesize six prodrugs derived from two phosphonic acids previously obtained in our research group. The latter, directly related to fosmidomycin were proven to be potent inhibitors of E. Coli’s DXR enzyme. The new prodrugs were tested on tobacco cell cultures, on BY-2 as well on Mycobacterium smegmatis. Results obtained on BY-2 show that our prodrugs are stronger inhibitors than fosmidomycin. Moreover, they still have an inhibitory effect on very low concentrations were fosmidomycin does not. In addition, organic synthesis of 2-C-methylerithritol 4-phosphate was studied. Though various protecting groups of the phosphate moiety were used and numerous protection / deprotection steps were tested, 2-C-methylerithritol 4-phosphate was never obtained. We then pursued our efforts on synthesizing dihydroyacetone phosphate, a small organic compound found in various metabolic pathways. The organic synthesis we propose surpasses all others by its simplicity and efficiency. Finally, we tried to synthesize L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; this compound is the enantiomericaly pure substrate of DXS (deoxyxylulose phosphate synthase). Though many different synthetic schemes were tested, none of them yielded the desired product

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45

Grügiel, Magdalena. "Skolans demokratiska uppdrag : och gymnasieelevers demokratiska kompetens." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik, psykologi och idrottsvetenskap, PPI, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13110.

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Bourgeois, Léna. "Défendre l'indéfendable ? Les Eloges d'Hélène de Gorgias et d'Isocrate." Thesis, Lille, 2020. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDSHS/2020/2020LILUH016.pdf.

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Les poètes archaïques et classiques sont confrontés à la question de la responsabilité d’Hélène dans la guerre de Troie : affirmer qu’elle fut présente à Troie durant la guerre suppose qu’elle fut la cause de ce conflit, ce qui la rend responsable de la mort des héros et de la destruction de la cité. Gorgias et Isocrate s’emparent de cette question : ils affirment qu’Hélène est partie à Troie et proposent chacun de la louer et de montrer qu’elle est incontestablement une figure positive. Tous deux produisent ainsi un discours paradoxal à son sujet. Toutefois, alors que Gorgias propose un éloge ouvertement paradoxal, en déclarant aller à l’encontre de la parole des poètes et de la mauvaise réputation d’Hélène, Isocrate, au contraire, annonce qu’il loue un sujet non paradoxal, parce que la valeur d’Hélène serait reconnue par tous. Cette thèse se propose d’analyser l’argumentation déployée par ces auteurs (plus précisément, les procédés employés et la progression du raisonnement). Chaque discours est étudié séparément : l’argumentation de Gorgias est analysée dans une première partie, tandis qu’un commentaire de l’éloge d’Isocrate occupe une seconde partie de cette étude. Leurs démarches sont comparées en conclusion. Cette étude aboutit à mettre en lumière trois éléments : la cohérence interne de l’argumentation de chaque éloge, le positionnement respectivement adopté par Gorgias et par Isocrate par rapport à la tradition poétique et aux penseurs contemporains, et enfin les enjeux que représente pour eux cet éloge. À travers l’éloge d’Hélène, Gorgias et Isocrate transmettent leurs réflexions sur des sujets philosophiques, pédagogiques ou politiques qui intéressent leurs contemporains et réfléchissent tous deux aux questions de la fonction du discours et des possibilités qu’il offre pour accéder à une forme de vérité et pour persuader Archaic and classical poets are confronted with the question of Helen's responsibility in the Trojan War: to claim that she was present in Troy during the war presupposes that she was the cause of this conflict, which makes her responsible for the death of the heroes and the destruction of the city. Gorgias and Isocrates take up this question: they affirm that Hélène went to Troy and each proposes to praise her and show that she is unquestionably a positive figure. Both thus produce a paradoxical discourse about her. However, while Gorgias proposes an openly paradoxical praise, saying that it goes against the poets' words and Helen's bad reputation, Isocrates, on the contrary, announces that he praises a non-paradoxical subject, because Helen's value would be recognised by all. This thesis proposes to analyse the argumentation deployed by these authors (more precisely, the patterns employed and the progression of reasoning). Each discourse is studied separately: Gorgias' argumentation is analysed in a first part, while a commentary on Isocrates' praise occupies a second part of this study. Their approaches are compared in conclusion. This study brings to light three elements: the internal coherence of the argumentation of each praise, the positioning respectively adopted by Gorgias and Isocrates in relation to the poetic tradition and contemporary thinkers, and finally the stakes that this praise represents for them. Through the eulogy, Gorgias and Isocrates convey their reflections on philosophical, pedagogical or political subjects which concern their contemporaries, and both reflect on the questions of the function of discourse and the possibilities it offers to access a form of truth and to persuade

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Nombret, Romain. "De la garnison royale dans les cités du sud-ouest de l'Asie Mineure de la fin IVe siècle au début du IIe siècle a.C." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26749/26749.pdf.

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48

Püschel, Gerhard, Hisayuki Miura, Frank Neuschäfer-Rube та Kurt Jungermann. "Inhibition by the protein kinase C activator 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate of the prostaglandin F₂α-mediated and noradrenaline-mediated but not glucagon-mediated activation of glycogenolysis in rat liver". Universität Potsdam, 1993. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4588/.

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In perfused rat livers, infusion of prostaglandin F₂α (PGF₂α) or noradrenaline increased glucose and lactate output and reduced flow. Glucagon increased glucose output and decreased lactate output without influence on flow. Infusion of phorbol 13-myristate 14-acetate (PMA) for 20 min prior to these stimuli strongly inhibited the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of noradrenaline, reduced the metabolic actions of PGF₂α but did not alter the effects of glucagon. In isolated rat hepatocytes PGF₂α, noradrenaline and glucagon activated glycogen phosphorylase but only PGF₂α and noradrenaline increased intracellular inositol 1,4,5-1risphosphalc (InsP₃). The noradrenaline- or PGF₂α-elicited activation of glycogen phosphorylase and increase in InsP₃ were largely reduced after preincubation of the cells for 10 min with PMA, whereas the glucagon-mediated enzyme activation was not affected. In contrat to PMA, the phorbol ester 4a-phorbol 13,14-didecanoate. which does not activate protein kinase C, did not attenuate the PGF₂α- and noradrenaline-elicited stimulation of glucose output, glycogen phosphorylase and InsP, formation. Stimulation of InsP₃ formation by AlF₄⁻, which activates phospholipase C independently of the receptor, was not attenuated by prior incubation with PMA. Plasma membranes purified from isolated hepatocytes had both a high-capacity, low-affinity and a low-capacity, high-affinity binding site for PGF₂α. The Kd of the high-capacity, low-affinity binding site was close to the concentration of PGF₂α that increased glycogen phosphorylase activity halfmaximally. Binding to the high-capacity, low-affinity binding site was enhanced by guanosine 5'- 0-(3-thio)triphosphate (GTP[S]). This high-capacity, low-affinity site might thus represent the receptor. The Bmax and Kd of the high-capacity site, as well as the enhancement by GTP[S] of PGF₂α binding to this site, remained unaffected by PMA pretreatment. It is concluded that, in hepatocytes, activation of protein kinase C by PMA interrupted the InsP₃-mediated signal pathway from PGF₂α via a PGF₂α receptor and phospholipase C to glycogen phosphorylase at a point distal of the receptor prior to phospholipase C.

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Abdulmuslimova, Nurbika. "Möjligheter och utmaningar med webbaserad SFI-undervisning : En kvalitativ studie om sex lärares uppfattningar om fjärr- och distansundervisning på SFI kurs C under Coronapandemin 2020." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och lärande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37772.

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Syftet med denna studie är att skapa kunskap om SFI-lärares arbete kring webbaserad undervisning, samt vilka digitala verktyg de använder och på vilket sätt lärarna främjar språkinlärning, när det gäller muntlig interaktion och produktion och vilka metoder som används. Jag vill också ta reda på vad SFI-lärarna har för utmaningar och möjligheter med undervisning på distans.Den här studien bygger på den sociokulturella teorin. Metoden som används är kvalitativ. Materialet samlades med hjälp av enkäter som skickades via mejl till sex SFI-lärare från tre olika skolor. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att de tillfrågade SFI-lärarnas fjärrundervisningstimmar skiljer sig mellan 3h och 15h. Resultatet visade också att samtliga tillfrågade SFI-lärare använder Microsoft Teams och Lunis Liber som digitala hjälpmedel vid fjärr- och distansundervisning. Studien har även tydliggjort att vid webbaserad undervisning uppstår problem med teknik och dåligt nätverk. Samtliga tillfrågade lärare försöker använda den största delen av lektionen till att utveckla elevernas muntliga färdigheter och finner det väldigt utmanande på distans. I resultatet framgick också att samla bedömningsunderlag är mycket svårare på distans. Vidare visade resultatet att IT-support är önskvärt både för lärare och elever. Att genomföra prov, läxförhör och hörförståelse är något lärarna endast kan utföra på plats. De möjligheter med webbaserad undervisning som resultatet tog fram är: flexibilitet, besparing av tid, bättre elevkontakt, mer individ anpassad undervisning samt den digitala kompetensen utvecklas både hos lärare och elever. Avslutningsvis presenteras förslag till vidare forskning.

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Viafore, Daniele. "As a??es repetitivas no direito brasileiro e a proposta de um incidente de resolu??o de demandas repetitivas no projeto de lei n? 8.046/2010." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2012. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4196.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:33:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 444153.pdf: 563731 bytes, checksum: 98a413bcacd87e64f02f970742bf64de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-27 This work analyses the repetitive actions in brazilian law and a proposal of an incident of repetitive demands resolution, provided for the articles 930 to 941 of the new Civil Procedure Code Law project 8.046/2010, currently under discussion at the Chamber of Deputies. The economy of scale and speed of the commercial transactions through modern communications means made at the judiciary numbers high level of identical individual process. The lawsuit has suffered changes both quantitative, and qualitative. Forensic practice has detected real violations to the principle of due process in the treatment of repetitive actions, once the judiciary has proved inefficient for provide the judicial protection of effective form. Considering the majority of actions brought to the judiciary are repetitive, in which are discussion of questions of identical rights, so several procedural reforms and mechanisms of filters in order to reduce the volume of processes and resources, give speed in its processing and avoid the development of processes that have already been thoroughly valued by the Judiciary. However, it appears that the procedural reforms have not been sufficient to counteract the gloom. So, the Federal Senate opted for preparation of a new Code of Civil Procedure. With this intention and aiming to confer greater rationality judicial and reconcile vertically judicial decisions, it is proposed an incident resolution demand of repetitive. The proposal is to establish decision-paradigm with content of standard general and abstract spanning identical question of rights, whose implementation by judicial bodies competent is compulsory. The society is anxious for a procedural system that guarantees justice with efficiency and speed. In the current situation experienced by the Judiciary, the proposal of an incident of resolution of repetitive demands seems to be an instrument to print more uniformity and better rationality in judicial activity. The jurisdiction will not make it possible for the maintenance of different solutions to similar cases, which foster increased delay procedural and legal uncertainty. However, observing the extraprocedural factors that also contribute to the delay in the solution of legal disputes, such initiative can be taken as a contribution to the improvement in the performance of the judicial sector Este trabalho tem por finalidade analisar as a??es repetitivas no Direito brasileiro e a proposta de um incidente de resolu??o de demandas repetitivas, prevista nos artigos 930 a 941 do Projeto de novo C?digo de Processo Civil - Projeto de Lei n? 8.046/2010, atualmente em tr?mite na C?mara dos Deputados. A economia de escala e a velocidade das transa??es comerciais, atrav?s dos meios de comunica??o modernos, produziram no Judici?rio n?meros elevados de lides individuais id?nticas. Os lit?gios sofreram mudan?as tanto quantitativas, quanto qualitativas. A pr?tica forense tem detectado verdadeiras viola??es ao princ?pio do devido processo legal no tratamento das a??es repetitivas, uma vez que o aparato judicial tem se revelado ineficiente para prestar a tutela jurisdicional de forma efetiva. Considerando-se que a maioria das a??es trazidas ao Judici?rio s?o repetitivas, em que se discutem quest?es de direito id?nticas, surgem, assim, diversas reformas processuais e mecanismos de filtros a fim de reduzir o volume de processos e recursos, conferir celeridade no seu processamento e evitar o desenvolvimento de processos que j? tenham sido, de forma exaustiva, apreciados pelo Judici?rio. Contudo, verifica-se que as reformas processuais n?o t?m sido suficientes para combater a morosidade. A par disso, o Senado Federal optou pela elabora??o de um novo C?digo de Processo Civil. Neste intento, visando conferir maior racionalidade judici?ria e compatibilizar verticalmente as decis?es judiciais, prop?e-se um incidente de resolu??o de demandas repetitivas. A proposta consiste em estabelecer decis?o-paradigma com conte?do de norma geral e abstrata abarcando id?ntica quest?o de direito, cuja aplica??o pelos ?rg?os judici?rios competentes revela-se compuls?ria. A sociedade anseia por um sistema processual que garanta a justi?a com efici?ncia e celeridade. Na atual conjuntura experimentada pelo Poder Judici?rio, a proposta de um incidente de resolu??o de demandas repetitivas parece constituir s?rio instrumento para imprimir maior uniformidade e melhor racionalidade na atividade jurisdicional. A jurisdi??o n?o se viabiliza pela manuten??o de solu??es diferentes para casos id?nticos, as quais ensejam maior delonga processual e inseguran?a jur?dica. Entretanto, atentando-se aos fatores extraprocessuais, que tamb?m contribuem para a demora na solu??o dos lit?gios judiciais, tal iniciativa pode ser tida como uma contribui??o para a melhoria do desempenho do setor judici?rio

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