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Journal articles on the topic 'C beam'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Yi, Guixiang, Yuanyuan Song, Jian Wang, and Bo Chen. "Corrosion Characteristics and Flexural Performance of Carbonated Recycled Aggregate Concrete Beams in Corrosive Environments." Buildings 15, no. 1 (2024): 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15010058.

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The influence of the carbonation of recycled coarse aggregates on the durability performance of the recycled aggregate concrete beams is still unclear. In this study, the corrosion characteristics and flexural performance of the carbonated recycled aggregate concrete (C-RAC) beams in corrosive environments were investigated. The results illustrated that the mass loss of the longitudinal tensile steel bars (LTSBs) in the corroded C-RAC beams decreased when the replacement ratio of the carbonated recycled coarse aggregate (CRCA) increased. Compared to the corroded non-carbonated recycled aggrega

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2

Nizam, Quazi Muhammad Rashed, Asif Ahmed, and Iftekhar Ahmed. "Monte Carlo Calculation for Production Cross-Sections of Projectile’s Isotopes from Therapeutic Carbon and Helium Ion Beams in Different Materials." Journal of Radiation Protection and Research 48, no. 4 (2023): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14407/jrpr.2023.00262.

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Background: Isotopes of the projectile may be produced along the beam path during the irradiation of a target by a heavy ion due to inelastic interactions with the media. This study analyzed the production cross-section of carbon (C) and Helium (He) projectile’s isotopes resulting from the interactions of these beams with different materials along the beam path.Materials and Methods: In this study, we transport C and He ion beams through different materials. This transportation was made by the Monte Carlo simulation. Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) has been used for this c

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3

Abbood, Ahmed A., and Majid M. Kharnoob. "Experimental Studies on the Fire Flame Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Construction Joints." E3S Web of Conferences 427 (2023): 02018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342702018.

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This study was experimentally investigated experimentally, investigating the effect of such mechanical properties and deflection behavior on the performance of reinforced concrete beams with construction joints exposed to fire flame. These beams were built using a slanted connection at a 45° angle in the middle of the beams. Four beams were for a wide temperature range (25–800°C) for the fire flames used on the concrete beams. Two temperature levels (600°C and 800°C) were chosen, with (1 and 2) hrs. period time, respectively. One beam wasn't burnt (Reference specimen). When put through a fire,

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4

Gao, Pengfei, Jian Wang, Bo Chen, Mingxin Bai, and Yuanyuan Song. "Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Corrosion-Induced Cracks and Steel Corrosion Depth of Carbonated Recycled Aggregate Concrete Beams." Buildings 14, no. 12 (2024): 3889. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123889.

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The durability of carbonated recycled aggregate concrete (C-RAC) beams is still unclear at present. In this paper, the characteristics of corrosion-induced cracks and the steel corrosion depth of C-RAC beams were investigated through the accelerated corrosion test. The results showed that when accelerating corrosion to the 40th day, compared to the non-carbonated recycled aggregate concrete (NC-RAC) beam, the corrosion-induced cracking area of the C-RAC beam with a 100% carbonated recycled coarse aggregate (C-RCA) replacement ratio decreased by 40.00%, while the total length of the corrosion-i

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5

Abbood, Ahmed A., and Majid M. Kharnoob. "Influence of Fire-Flame Temperature and Duration on the Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Construction Joints." Journal of Engineering 30, no. 05 (2024): 132–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.05.09.

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Structural members' durability and strength depend on the member’s fire resistance. This study simulates the structural response of a reinforced concrete beam with a construction joint exposed to fire. The commercial finite element software ABAQUS was used to validate the laboratory findings. The testing program tested five reinforced concrete beams with the dimensions of (200x300x2700 mm), having identical reinforcing details and a concrete compressive strength (fc'=35 MPa). These beams had a 45° angled connection at the center. Four beams were exposed to fire flames at two temperature levels

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6

Cheng, Jinsheng, Hao Wang, Zhisong Xu, Guanglin Yuan, and Qingtao Li. "Mechanical Properties of Fire-Damaged RC Beams Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Mesh." Buildings 14, no. 4 (2024): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041166.

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The bearing capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beam will be weakened by fire. It is necessary to strengthen RC beams after fire. The carbon fiber mesh (CFM) can be used to reinforce RC beams. In this paper, RC beams were exposed to varying temperatures, followed by reinforcement with varying layers of CFM. The influence of the heating temperature and the number of CFM layers on the flexural performance of RC beams was investigated. The results indicated that the cracking loads of RC beams were 18.2, 16.4, 16.3, and 15.5 kN when the RC beams were subjected to room temperatures, 150, 350, and

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7

Becker, Quentin, Seiichi Suzuki, Yingying Ren, Davide Pellis, Julian Panetta, and Mark Pauly. "C-Shells: Deployable Gridshells with Curved Beams." ACM Transactions on Graphics 42, no. 6 (2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3618366.

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We introduce a computational pipeline for simulating and designing C-shells , a new class of planar-to-spatial deployable linkage structures. A C-shell is composed of curved flexible beams connected at rotational joints that can be assembled in a stress-free planar configuration. When actuated, the elastic beams deform and the assembly deploys towards the target 3D shape. We propose two alternative computational design approaches for C-shells: (i) Forward exploration simulates the deployed shape from a planar beam layout provided by the user. Once a satisfactory overall shape is found, a subse

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8

Al-Saeedi, Saleem Mohammed Ali Ahmed, Linfeng Lu, Osama Zaid Yahya Al-Ansi, and Saddam Ali. "Hysteretic Behavior Study on the RBS Connection of H-Shape Columns with Middle-Flanges or Wide-Flange H-Shape Beams." Buildings 15, no. 1 (2025): 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15010147.

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Existing research on reduced beam section (RBS) connections in steel frames rarely addresses H-shaped beams with middle and wide flanges. Therefore, this study investigates the hysteretic behavior of RBS connections in H-shaped columns connected to H-shaped beams with middle and wide flanges. Using finite element analysis, the influence of key parameters (a, b, and c, where “a” represents the unweakened beam flange extension length, “b” represents the weakened beam flange length, and “c” represents the weakened beam flange depth, respectively) on structural performance was evaluated, focusing

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9

Chen, Zhi, Jian Lu, Anqi Mao, et al. "Experimental Study on Ice Melting of Bridge Tower Crossbeams under Different Conditions." Applied Sciences 13, no. 11 (2023): 6630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13116630.

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The bridge tower beams of long-span bridges freeze during winter. The accumulated ice on the beam flakes off and falls into the bridge deck from a high altitude with temperature rise, threatening traffic safety. To solve this problem, an electric heating method is used to melt the snow and ice on bridge tower beams. A design scheme based on embedding carbon fiber heating wires in a bridge tower beam is proposed in which electrical energy is converted into heat energy to melt the snow and ice on the beam. In this paper, a beam icing test and beam de-icing test are carried out through a laborato

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10

Kulanchikov, Yuriy O., Pavel S. Vergeles, and Eugene B. Yakimov. "Effect of low-energy electron irradiation on voltage-capacity curves of Al/SiO2/Si structure." Modern Electronic Materials 5, no. (4) (2019): 175–79. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.5.4.52311.

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Charging of dielectric targets by electron irradiation is a well-known phenomenon which should be taken into account in characterization of dielectric materials and coatings with electron microscopy, in electron beam lithography, in development of dielectric coatings for spacecrafts and other fields of science and engineering. Charging kinetics is strongly affected by spatial distribution of electrons and holes formed by irradiation. At the experimental electron beam energy electron penetration depth is smaller than dielectric thickness and this allows identifying the contribution of excess ca

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11

Naresh, Dixit, Zubair Mohammed, and Vishrut Hemang. "Effect of Web Reinforcement on Shear Strength of Deep Beams and Crack Propagation." Journal of Engineering Analysis and Design 4, no. 2 (2022): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6645555.

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Reinforced concrete deep beams are known to display complex behaviour. This is due to their exceptionally high beam depth when compared to normal shallow beams. Their strength capacity is mainly governed by their shear strength due to their geometric proportions. It is also governed by a number of parameters, which include size of the beam, strength of the concrete used, placement and amount of tensile and web reinforcement used and the shear span-to-depth ratio. While a lot of research has been conducted on how these parameters affect the shear strength of deep beams, this study aims to find

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12

Usefvand, Mahdi, Ahmad Maleki, and Babak Alinejad. "An innovative system of coupled steel plate shear wall with pin FUSE in link beam: Cyclic behavior and energy dissipation." Advances in Structural Engineering 25, no. 3 (2021): 473–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211054227.

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Coupled steel plate shear wall (C-SPSW) is one of the resisting systems with high ductility and energy absorption capacity. Energy dissipation in the C-SPSW system is accomplished by the bending and shear behavior of the link beams and SPSW. Energy dissipation and floor displacement control occur through link beams at low seismic levels, easily replaced after an earthquake. In this study, an innovative coupled steel plate shear wall with a yielding FUSE is presented. The system uses a high-ductility FUSE pin element instead of a link beam, which has good replaceability after the earthquake. In

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13

Thongchom, Chanachai, Linh Van Hong Bui, Natthanuch Poonpan, et al. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Steel- and GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Beams Subject to Fire Exposure." Buildings 13, no. 3 (2023): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030609.

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This study investigates the behavior of three concrete beams reinforced with steel and GFRP bars under fire exposure. The fire tests of three beams were conducted including one control steel-reinforced concrete (RC) beam and two GFRP-RC beams. The beams were exposed to fire according to the standard fire curve ISO 834 for 3 h. The investigation parameters included the reinforcement types (i.e., steel and GFRP bars) and diameter of GFRP bars. Based on the experimental results, during fire exposure, the deflection rate of the steel-RC beam was lower than the ones reinforced with GFRP bars. The c

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14

Asadi, Saeid, Mahdi Moghimi Zand, and Tahereh Fanaei Sheikholeslami. "Vibrational and thermoelastic behavior of punched-beam micro resonators containing odd-number of slots." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 16 (2017): 2821–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217726566.

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Thermoelastic quality factor is an important mechanism for determining quality factor of a microelectromechanical system resonator, which works in near vacuum, and the resonant frequency is an important characteristic of a resonator. This paper studies variations of the thermoelastic quality factor and the resonant frequency of three- and five-slotted clamped-clamped beam microelectromechanical system resonators. The study has been done by using three-dimensional simulations based on finite element method by COMSOL Multiphysics. Resonant frequency is a function of stiffness and mass of the bea

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15

Li, Jingyu, Wangsheng Shao, Xiaochuang Li, and Yuhang Sun. "Development of End Beam Obstacle Avoidance Program based on ABB Automatic Painting Programming." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2185, no. 1 (2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2185/1/012031.

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Abstract In order to improve the company’s production efficiency, in response to the call of the country to accelerate the industrial automation, the company’s developers have independently developed a painting line parametric automatic programming system based on ABB robot using C++ language, the automatic spraying of the main beams of the crane is realized. The automatic programming system can only spray the main beam of the end beam without end. The end beams obstacle avoidance program is optimized based on the automatic programming system, which aims to control the robot to avoid the end b

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16

S., Logesh*, Ramesh R., and Padmanaban I. "Compatability Behaviour on Cold Formed Steel for I Section and C Section in Variable Parameters." Regular issue 10, no. 7 (2021): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.g8863.0510721.

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This Study represents compatibility on Cold formed steel in I-Section beams and C-section beams with variable length parameters was 1000mm, 1500mm, 2000 mm under simply supported end condition subjected to uniformly distributed loading. The Cold formed steel is of shell type in Numerical simulation is carried out using the Software ABAQUS. For validation the series of parameters studies have been carried out using the numerical model of different parameters, such as the effect of length, width, thickness. CFS I-Section steel in various thickness of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm and 4mm with same loading condi

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17

S.Logesh, R.Ramesh, and Padmanaban I. "Compatability Behaviour on Cold Formed Steel for I Section and C Section in Variable Parameters." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) 10, no. 7 (2021): 68–73. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.G8863.0510721.

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This Study represents compatibility on Cold formed steel in I-Section beams and C-section beams with variable length parameters was 1000mm, 1500mm, 2000 mm under simply supported end condition subjected to uniformly distributed loading. The Cold formed steel is of shell type in Numerical simulation is carried out using the Software ABAQUS. For validation the series of parameters studies have been carried out using the numerical model of different parameters, such as the effect of length, width, thickness. CFS I-Section steel in various thickness of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm and 4mm with same loading condi

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18

Scott, R. H., J. McLain, and R. C. Vondrasek. "Production of C-14 and stable ion beams at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System with the ECR3 ion source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (2022): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012068.

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Abstract The Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) paused production of carbon-14 ion beams with the removal of the Tandem Van de Graaff in 2013. Installation of ECR3, an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source, returned that production capability to ATLAS, with the first C-14 beam delivered in December 2020. Information is presented on C-14 beam current, gas consumption and N-14 filtering techniques using stripping foils at different sections of ATLAS. ECR3 also fulfilled the operational goal of adding flexibility to ATLAS stable beam production

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19

Scott, R. H., J. McLain, and R. C. Vondrasek. "Production of C-14 and stable ion beams at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System with the ECR3 ion source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (2022): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012068.

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Abstract The Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) paused production of carbon-14 ion beams with the removal of the Tandem Van de Graaff in 2013. Installation of ECR3, an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source, returned that production capability to ATLAS, with the first C-14 beam delivered in December 2020. Information is presented on C-14 beam current, gas consumption and N-14 filtering techniques using stripping foils at different sections of ATLAS. ECR3 also fulfilled the operational goal of adding flexibility to ATLAS stable beam production

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20

Harahap, Ahmad Hamas Sorimatua, Sumargo, and Nursyafril. "Increased Durability of Concrete Against High Temperatures due to Fire with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag." Potensi : Jurnal Sipil Politeknik 23, no. 1 (2021): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/potensi.v23i1.2546.

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This paper describes experimental results that focus on impacts of elevated temperature on concrete with GGBFS. GGBFS from waste of steel factory PT Krakatau Steel Tbk. has been discovered to be appropriate for geopolymer cement as substitute for cement in concrete. Normal concrete and GGBFS concrete beams (150×150×750mm) and cylindrical (150×300mm) with 40% GGBFS content as substitute of cement weight were burned for two hours, which the first beam was burned at 600°C, second beam at 700°C and third beam at 800°C. After cooling to room temperature, cylindrical and beams were tested. Compressi

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21

Chen, Xu Jun, Xiao E. Zhu, Zhong Yang, and Mu Xiang Dai. "Flexural Fatigue Performance of RC Beams Strengthened with Hybrid Fiber Sheets." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1657.

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Based on the fatigue test for flexural performance of five reinforced concrete beams, the variation characteristics of the crack development, concrete strain, steel strain, fiber strain with the cycle number of the fatigue load were analyzed, and the effect of hybrid fiber sheets and basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)sheets on flexural fatigue performance of the strengthened beam was studied. The results show that the accumulated damage of RC beams strengthened with hybrid fiber sheets was slowed down significantly, the anti-crack property was much improved, and the fatigue life was greatly

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22

AL-Turaihi, Ali A. A., and Haider A. A. Al-Katib. "BEHAVIOR OF HYBRID REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS ON FLEXURAL STRENGTH." Kufa Journal of Engineering 15, no. 2 (2024): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/150203.

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The objective of this research is to experimentally study the flexural behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete beams. Three test beams, each with dimensions of (2200 X 150 X 240) mm, were fabricated for this purpose. The first beam was constructed using ordinary concrete, while the second beam consisted of two layers of high-strength concrete in the compression zone and normal concrete in the tension zone. The third beam was entirely cast using high-strength concrete. In terms of reinforcement, all beams were equipped with 2φ12 steel bars in the tension zone and 2φ12 steel bars in the compressi

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23

Kateb, K. M., K. H. Almitani, K. A. Alnefaie, et al. "Application of gradient elasticity to benchmark problems of beam vibrations." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 25, no. 1-2 (2016): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2016-0001.

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AbstractThe gradient approach, specifically gradient elasticity theory, is adopted to revisit certain typical configurations on mechanical vibrations. New results on size effects and scale-dependent behavior not captured by classical elasticity are derived, aiming at illustrating the usefulness of this approach to applications in advanced technologies. In particular, elastic prismatic straight beams in bending are discussed using two different governing equations: the gradient elasticity bending moment equation (fourth order) and the gradient elasticity deflection equation (sixth order). Diffe

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24

Sattary‐Javid, Vahid, and James K. Wight. "Earthquake Load on R/C Beams: Building versus Single Beam." Journal of Structural Engineering 112, no. 7 (1986): 1493–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1986)112:7(1493).

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25

Matsushita, R., H. Iinuma, K. Oda, et al. "Demonstration of Three-dimensional Spiral Injection for the J-PARC Muon g – 2/EDM Experiment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 2 (2024): 022035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/2/022035.

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Abstract In the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM experiment, to measure muon anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and electrical dipole moment (EDM), it is necessary to accumulate 300MeV/c muon beams with a 66 cm diameter region with a 3 T solenoid-type magnetic field. A new three-dimensional spiral injection scheme has been invented to achieve this target. Since this is the first instance to employ this injection scheme, a scale-down experiment with an electron beam of 297 keV/c and storage beam diameter of 24 cm is established at KEK. A simplified storage beam monitor using scintillating fiber has been design

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26

SONGKAITIWONG, KITTIPHOT, and KITSAKORN LOCHAROENRAT. "COMPUTATIONAL ALGORITHM OF TWO PARALLEL ULTRASOUND BEAMS OF 1D CANCER TISSUE MODEL FOR SAFE AND EFFECTIVE HYPERTHERMIA TREATMENT." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 19, no. 03 (2019): 1950012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021951941950012x.

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The mathematical algorithm of two parallel ultrasound beams on a one-dimensional (1D) cancer tissue model for hyperthermia treatment was created using Matlab software. Physically, the model incorporated two beams; the first beam was permanently placed at the center of the tumor, whereas the other was set between the first beam and the tumor. The computational implementation of this technique relies on the Crank–Nicolson method. This technique is a finite different method that offers an exact heat transfer calculation based on the heat analysis of the heat node structure from a 1D biological ti

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27

Khan, Dr Md Imran, and Prof Aajid Khan. "Flexural Behaviour of FRC Beams Wrapped With FRP." Indian Journal of Structure Engineering 3, no. 2 (2023): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54105/ijse.a1317.113223.

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Structural elements such as beams, slabs and columns may require strengthening during their service life period. A concrete structure may need strengthening for many reasons such as to increase live load capacity, to add reinforcement to a member that has been unsigned or wrongly constructed. The FRPs have various advantages like, high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance and ease of installation and flexibility in its use. FRP material which are available in the form of sheet are being used to strengthen a variety of RC elements to enhance the flexural, shear and axial load carrying

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28

Kulanchikov, Yuriy O., Pavel S. Vergeles, and Eugene B. Yakimov. "Effect of low-energy electron irradiation on voltage-capacity curves of Al/SiO2/Si structure." Modern Electronic Materials 5, no. 4 (2019): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.5.4.52311.

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Abstract:

Charging of dielectric targets by electron irradiation is a well-known phenomenon which should be taken into account in characterization of dielectric materials and coatings with electron microscopy, in electron beam lithography, in development of dielectric coatings for spacecrafts and other fields of science and engineering. Charging kinetics is strongly affected by spatial distribution of electrons and holes formed by irradiation. At the experimental electron beam energy electron penetration depth is smaller than dielectric thickness and this allows identifying the contribution of excess ca

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29

Ciobanu, Robert, Octavian Donţu, Daniel Besnea, Alina Spanu, and Iulian Avarvarei. "Study for Improving Laser Beam Welding Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 811 (November 2015): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.811.57.

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The aim of this paper is to highlight a method for improving laser beam efficiency. The laser weld bead profile depends on various parameters such as beam power, welding speed, wavelength of the laser radiation or the initial temperature of the material. Taking into account that laser beam welding efficiency is usually limited by synchronization of the laser source parameters, new methods were developed. In this paper is analyzed the influence of preheating the material and of the wavelength of laser radiation on the laser weld bead profile. Improvement in penetration depth was noted for prehe

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Benali, A., G. Medkour Ishak-Boushaki, J. Riffaud, and A. M. Nourreddine. "Geometrical effects on luminescent dosimeter energy response." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 01 (2022): P01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/p01035.

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Abstract Luminescent dosimeters are widely used in medical applications. For an optimal use of these dosimeters, comparative studies of their characteristics, under clinical radiations, are very useful. The purpose of this study is to establish the effect of dosimeter geometry on the luminescent dosimeter energy response for different clinical radiation beams. Monte Carlo simulations were used to calculate the energy response of three kinds of non-commercialized luminescent dosimeters. The dosimeters are: a) radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RPLGD, typeFD-7 glass), b) thermoluminescent do

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Mukherjee, Kingshuk. "Numerical Simulation of Reinforced Concrete beam Under Flexure Using Finite Element Method." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (2022): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.39851.

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Abstract: Understanding the response of concrete structural components such as beams, columns, walls during loading is indispensable for the development of safeand efficient structures. The present report deals with the non-linear static analysis of a Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam, having dimensions 4000mmX400mmX 250mm, with 4 nos. of 16mm diameter bar as main reinforcements, 8mm diameter at 200mm c/c as shear reinforcement, with two faces of the beam as fixed modeled and analyzed when subjected to two point loads at one-third span from each fixed support using the Finite Element Analysis soft

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Sohn, M. H., and S. I. Kim. "In situ surface modification and growth of ultrasmooth amorphous carbon films by direct carbon ion-beam deposition." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 6 (1999): 2668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0357.

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Very thin (<,100 nm) amorphous carbon films were grown on silicon substrates by unfiltered and filtered direct carbon ion beams. In situ surface modification was performed using C- energies in the range of 300–500 eV prior to the growth of the film. By lowering the energy of the C− beam to 150 eV, an amorphous carbon film was continuously grown after the surface modification. High-resolution electron microscopy showed that the film/substrate interface was damaged by 400 and 500 eV C− beams. The carbon composition profile at the interface investigated by electron energy-loss spectroscopy ill

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Hou, Zhanqiang, Dingbang Xiao, Xuezhong Wu, et al. "Effect of Axial Force on the Performance of Micromachined Vibratory Rate Gyroscopes." Sensors 11, no. 1 (2010): 296–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s110100296.

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It is reported in the published literature that the resonant frequency of a silicon micromachined gyroscope decreases linearly with increasing temperature. However, when the axial force is considerable, the resonant frequency might increase as the temperature increases. The axial force is mainly induced by thermal stress due to the mismatch between the thermal expansion coefficients of the structure and substrate. In this paper, two types of micromachined suspended vibratory gyroscopes with slanted beams were proposed to evaluate the effect of the axial force. One type was suspended with a cla

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Xu, Yu Ye, Bo Wu, Ming Jiang, and Xin Huang. "Experimental Study on Residual Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams after Exposure to Fire." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.183.

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Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams in the building structures are usually assumed as a ‘T’-shaped beam when the effects of adjacent slab flange are considered. However, experimental studies on residual flexural behavior of ‘T’-shaped RC beams are rarely reported. The residual flexural behavior of two RC rectangular beams and one RC ‘T’-shaped beam after exposure to ISO834 standard fire were experimentally investigated in the paper. The detailed experimental results, including the measured temperatures, flexural capacity, load-deflection curves and concrete strain are presented. The effects of flan

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Kovalchuk, Vitalii, Artur Onyshchenko, Olexander Fedorenko, et al. "A comprehensive procedure for estimating the stressed-strained state of a reinforced concrete bridge under the action of variable environmental temperatures." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 7 (110) (2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.228960.

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This paper reports the full-scale experimental measurements of temperature distribution over the surfaces of bridges' steel-concrete beams under the influence of positive and negative ambient temperatures. It has been established that the temperature is distributed unevenly along the vertical direction of a bridge's steel-concrete beam. It was found that the metal beam accepted higher temperature values. The maximum registered temperature difference between a metal beam and a reinforced concrete slab at positive ambient temperatures was +9.0 °C, and the minimum temperature difference was −2.1

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Pöttler, R., and G. A. Swoboda. "Nonlinear beam element forr/c structures." Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 3, no. 5 (1987): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630030507.

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Hardenberg, Maximilian, and Christos Vrettos. "Temperature- and saturation-dependent behaviour of unsaturated clay beams in bending tests." E3S Web of Conferences 382 (2023): 12003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338212003.

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The paper investigates the deformation behaviour of partially saturated clay beams under flexural stress. Beams were prepared from two clays and then loaded until failure. Three degrees of saturation and two loading rates were examined for each clay. The load, the matric suction at different beam points, and deflection in the middle of the beam were measured during the tests. The loading device ensures an even distribution of stresses on the top surface of the beam, which was confirmed by employing tactile pressure matrix sensors placed between the loading device and the beam. In addition to t

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Abdullah, Ali N., and Muayad M. Kassim. "Residual Strength of Concrete Beams Reinforced with GFRP Bars Exposed to Elevated Temperatures." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 31, no. 3 (2024): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.31.3.3.

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The results of an experimental work to explore the effect of elevated temperatures on load resistance of reinforced concrete beams with glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP) bars are reported in this paper. Twenty beams with cross-sectional dimensions of (120 x 200 x 1600 mm) were designed. Two specimens were evaluated at room temperature as reference beams, while the remaining eighteen were treated to high temperatures (200, 400, 600, and 800 °C) for 30, 60, and 90 minutes before being subjected to a similarly increased four-point load-up to the failure. The influence of raised temperature o

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Varma, Amit H., Mubashshir Ahmad, Soheil Shafaei, and Ron Klemencic. "Seismic Design and Performance of Composite Coupling Beam-to-SpeedCore Wall Connections." Engineering Journal 61, no. 1 (2024): 001–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v61i1.1309.

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Coupled composite plate shear walls—concrete filled (CC-PSW/CFs) are an effective seismic lateral-force-resisting system for the design and construction of mid- to high-rise buildings around the world. The coupled system consists of two or more composite plate shear walls—concrete filled (C-PSW/CFs) connected to each other using composite coupling beams located at the story heights. The CC-PSW/CF system can provide higher overturning moment capacity, lateral stiffness, and ductility than uncoupled walls. Concrete-filled steel box sections are typically used for the composite coupling beams, wh

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Imran, Muhammad, Mohd Shahir Liew, Mohammad Shakir Nasif, Enrique Munoz Gracia, Kamaluddeen Usman Danyaro, and Muhammad Usama Niazi. "Thermal and Mechanical Response of Partially Protected Steel I-Beam under Fire." MATEC Web of Conferences 203 (2018): 06009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820306009.

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Offshore and onshore structures continuously experience hydrocarbon fire accidents almost every year. To secured structure against extreme fire conditions, passive fire protection (PFP) is applied. However, PFP is a costly material which is applied only on critical structural members. Any unprotected surface can cause major structural damages during fire incidence if the behaviour of an unprotected surface is unknown. Usually, PFP applied easily around the column, but for beams, the application varies with the beam locations. In this paper the behaviours of steel beam compared with three diffe

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Ikhlaq, Ayesha, Saeed Ahmad Buzdar, Mamoona Aslam, Muhammad Usman Mustafa, Sana Salahuddin, and Mehr-Un-Nisa. "Improving Clinical dosimetric Accuracy of Cancer Treatment Using a Special Quality of Electron and Photon Beam." Scientific Inquiry and Review 5, no. 3 (2021): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/sir/53.02.

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Electron and photon beams demonstrate extraordinary characteristics useful for the treatment of cancer. These characteristics are essential to analyze before the calibration of the linear accelerator with dual energies. This study focused on the dosimetric characteristics of the different energies of electron beam for different field sizes. The basic objective of this work was to calculate the dosimetric parameters and characteristics of the electron beam, especially depth dose characteristics along the central axis. In this work, 6 MeV, 9 MeV, 12 MeV, 15 MeV and 18 MeV of electron beam and 6

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Lee, Su Woong, Jung Su Kang, and Kyu Chang Park. "Carbon-nanotube electron-beam (C-beam) crystallization technique for silicon TFTs." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 68, no. 4 (2016): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.68.528.

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Liejy, Mohammed Chyad, Ahmed W. Al Zand, Azrul A. Mutalib, et al. "Prediction of the Bending Strength of a Composite Steel Beam–Slab Member Filled with Recycled Concrete." Materials 16, no. 7 (2023): 2748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072748.

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This study investigated the structural behavior of a beam–slab member fabricated using a steel C-Purlins beam carrying a profile steel sheet slab covered by a dry board sheet filled with recycled aggregate concrete, called a CBPDS member. This concept was developed to reduce the cost and self-weight of the composite beam–slab system; it replaces the hot-rolled steel I-beam with a steel C-Purlins section, which is easier to fabricate and weighs less. For this purpose, six full-scale CBPDS specimens were tested under four-point static bending. This study investigated the effect of using double C

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Vitalii, Kovalchuk, Onyshchenko Artur, Fedorenko Olexander, et al. "A comprehensive procedure for estimating the stressed-strained state of a reinforced concrete bridge under the action of variable environmental temperatures." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 7 (110) (2021): 23–30. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.228960.

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This paper reports the full-scale experimental measurements of temperature distribution over the surfaces of bridges' steel-concrete beams under the influence of positive and negative ambient temperatures. It has been established that the temperature is distributed unevenly along the vertical direction of a bridge's steel-concrete beam. It was found that the metal beam accepted higher temperature values. The maximum registered temperature difference between a metal beam and a reinforced concrete slab at positive ambient temperatures was +9.0 °C, and the minimum temperature dif

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Ibnorachid, Zakaria, Khalid El Bikri, and Lhoucine Boutahar. "Free Vibration Analysis of Symmetric Sandwich Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 872 (October 2017): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.872.399.

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The aim of the present work is to study the linear free symmetric vibration of three-layer sandwich beam using the energy method. The zigzag model is used to describe the displacement field. The theoretical model is based on the top and bottom layers behave as Euler-Bernoulli beams while the core layer as a Timoshenko beam. Based on Hamilton’s principle, the governing equation of motion sandwich beam is obtained in order to calculate the linear frequency parameters. Two types of boundary conditions simple supported-simple-supported (SS-SS) and clamped-clamped (C-C) under the influence of mater

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Zheng, Wei, Bin Li, Shu Bo Ren, Jiang Chen, and Jian Jun Wu. "Interference Modeling and Analysis for Inclined Projective Multiple Beams of GEO Satellite Communication Systems." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 1204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.1204.

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In multi-beam satellite systems, Inter-Beam Interference (IBI) has a great effect on system performance. Within range of satellite coverage area, inclined projective multiple beams give rise to elliptic beam projections, resulting in that the distribution of beam projections is different from traditional cellular distribution. In this paper, an Inclined Projection (IP) model is proposed for IBI in OFDMA based GEO satellite communication systems, and corresponding analysis is also included. A comparison of carrier to interference power ratio (C/I) of users at the center of each cell with and wi

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Ftnan, Amera H., and Ragheed F. Makki. "BEHAVIOR OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE BEAMS STRENGTHENED WITH FRP." Kufa Journal of Engineering 13, no. 4 (2022): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/130402.

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In this paper, the experimental work of this research included the test of seven concrete beams with dimensions (0.24 * 0.15 * 1.7) m. The mixing ratio is (1:2:3) and the water ratio(w/c) is 0.5. The first control beam has new aggregates and without strengthen with carbon fiber polymer sheet. The next three beams have the different ratio of recycled aggregate of (25%, 50%, 75%), and the last three beams have the different ratio of recycled aggregate of (25%, 50%, 75%) and with strengthen with carbon fiber polymer sheet. The experimental results showed that the ultimate load in the control beam

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Nawar, Mahmoud T., Ayman El-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Eisa, Amal Mohammed, and Shady Gomaa. "FE Parametric Study of Composite Cold-Formed Steel Beams Under Positive and Negative Loadings." Journal of Composites Science 9, no. 5 (2025): 209. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9050209.

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Composite structures are increasingly being utilized in modern construction. This computational analysis focuses on the structural performance of composite beams formed by thin-walled, cold-formed steel channel sections strengthened with concrete. The primary objective of this research was to enhance the strength and stability of composite cold-formed steel beams. In this study, back-to-back C-channel sections and concrete slabs with various stiffener configurations were analyzed. The key parameters considered include stiffener spacing, type, and thickness. Additionally, different beam cross-s

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Liu, Can, Bo Wu, and Kai Yan Xu. "Parametric Study on Reinforced Concrete Beams with Transversely Prestressed Bars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 912–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.912.

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This paper presents a method that using inner transverse prestressing bars to enhance the shear capacity of concrete beams, which can be used in new transformer beams to decrease the sectional dimensions. Four transversely prestressed concrete beams and one ordinary reinforced concrete beam were tested. The nonlinear finite element method was applied to analyze them, parametric study was carried out to analyze the behavior of transversely prestressed concrete beam, and the following conclusions can be drawn: (a) With the increase of the prestressing force level, the shear capacity of transvers

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Nanni, Emilio A., Martin Breidenbach, Zenghai Li, et al. "Status and future plans for C³ R&D." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 09 (2023): P09040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/09/p09040.

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Abstract C3 is an opportunity to realize an e + e - collider for the study of the Higgs boson at √s = 250 GeV, with a well defined upgrade path to 550 GeV while staying on the same short facility footprint [2,3]. C3 is based on a fundamentally new approach to normal conducting linear accelerators that achieves both high gradient and high efficiency at relatively low cost. Given the advanced state of linear collider designs, the key system that requires technical maturation for C3 is the main linac. This paper presents the staged approach towards a facility to demonstrate C3 technology with bot

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