Dissertations / Theses: 'C. E. T'

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Kulkarni, Aditya Umesh. "Approximating Deterministic Changes to Ph(t)/Ph(t)/1/c and Ph(t)/M(t)/s/c Queueing Models." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33460.

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A deterministic change to a time-varying queueing model is described as either changing the number of entities, the queue capacity, or the number of servers in the system at selected times. We use a surrogate distribution for N(t), the number of entities in the system at time t, to approximate deterministic changes to the Ph(t)/Ph(t)/1/c and the Ph(t)/M(t)/s/c queueing models. We develop a solution technique to minimize the number of state probabilities to be approximated.
Master of Science

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Luyten, Marcel Andre. "Zur Synthese von (c,c,c,t)-[5.5.5.5]Fenestran /." [S.l : s.n.], 1985. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Coleman, Cal. "M Y T H I C." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/990.

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Mythic is an animated family series that will collide the worlds of the beloved Disney style musical feature, with everyday children’s programming. Based on 8 public domain works by Hans Christian Andersen, the series will follow Princess Viv, Farmhand Penelope, Pit-Pocket Leina, and a hopelessly romantic Prince Agner, as they travel through magical kingdoms in hopes of retrieving 8 mythical relics. Together, the four will learn about the meaning of love, the danger of greed, and the joy of being selfless as they fight to keep Leina from becoming a true villain.

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4

Sclover, Nathalie. "Le marché O. T. C. Français." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P174.

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5

Rueda, Javier Eduardo. "The Ph(t)/Ph(t)/s/c Queueing Model and Approximation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9637.

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Time-dependent queueing models are important since most of real-life problems are time-dependent. We develop a numerical approximation algorithm for the mean, variance and higher-order moments of the number of entities in the system at time t for the Ph(t)/Ph(t)/s/c queueing model. This model can be thought as a reparameterization to the G(t)/GI(t)/s. Our approach is to partition the state space into known and identifiable structures, such as the M(t)/M(t)/s/c or M(t)/M(t)/1 queueing models. We then use the Polya-Eggenberger distribution to approximate certain unknown probabilities via a two-moment matching algorithm. We describe the necessary steps to validate the approximation and measure the accuracy of the model.
Master of Science

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Winkler, Kristin. "Aspekte mehrkriterieller Optimierung C(T)-wertiger Abbildungen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969923899.

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7

Poul, Radek. "Analýza alternací vlny T v jazyce C." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217172.

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The thesis deals with detection of T-wave alternans. The presence of T-wave in surface ECG is recognized as a marker of electrical instability of heart in stage his repolarization, arise increased risk of emergence ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. The goal of our project is familiarize with methods of detection T-wave alternans. In particular spectral method and spectral method which was realized in variant for running reading values in time (“sliding window”). To suggest a QRS complex detector, localize the T-wave and to make TWA detection using spectral method and modified spectral method. This project is to be made in C language in appropriate user interface.

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Amin, Sharifzadeh Mohammad H. "Vertices and vortices in high-T¦c superconductors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/NQ46309.pdf.

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9

Hoare, Matthew. "T-lymphocyte senescence and hepatitis C virus infection." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/226746.

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The degree of fibrosis progression and treatment-related outcomes are critically dependent on the age of the infected individual. Progressive ageing is associated with a decline in the efficacy of adaptive immune system function. T-lymphocytes from aged subjects demonstrate multiple phenotypic and functional changes, including telomere shortening. Short telomeres are associated with poor proliferative capacity, pro-inflammatory responses and increased mortality in clinical studies. This research aimed to study telomere length changes in T-lymphocytes in chronic HCV infection and its relationship to clinical endpoints. Further, the intracellular signalling changes in T-lymphocytes with short telomeres were studied in subjects with chronic HCV. Short CD4+ T-lymphocyte telomeres were associated with the presence of severe hepatic fibrosis independent of other known factors. Telomere length was associated with blood markers of hepatic damage and dysfunction as well as histological markers of inflammation and fibrosis. Further, on prospective follow-up, short CD4+ telomere length at enrolment predicted progression to clinical endpoints of hepatic decompensation, development of hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Short CD4+ telomere length predicted a failure to respond to anti-viral treatment for HCV infection. Unexpectedly, subjects with non-viraemic HCV had short CD8+ telomere length. Liver biopsy tissue from a cohort of subjects with non-viraemic HCV was studied and demonstrated significant inflammation or fibrosis in most. To study the IFN-α signalling pathway in cells with short telomeres, I utilised the phospho-histone γ-H2AX, a downstream signal from short telomeres. CD8+ T-lymphocytes expressing γ-H2AX had the form and function of cells with end-stage differentiation. γ-H2AX+ cells had a pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion profile with high expression of IFN-γ and low IL-2. Further γ-H2AX+ cells were unable to respond to exogenous IFN-α by phosphorylating Stat1. This failure was attributable to a post-receptor defect. T-lymphocyte telomere length changes in HCV may underpin the effect of age on clinical and treatment-related outcome. Short telomeres are associated with intracellular signalling defects which may explain the failure to respond to anti-viral therapy.

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Miroux, Céline. "Lymphocytes T régulateurs et Transplantation hépatique : modulation de l'activité des lymphocytes T régulateurs CD4+CD25+ par les drogues immunosuppressives." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00632785.

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Lorsque l'hépatite chronique C a occasionné une cirrhose et que, du fait de ses complications, le pronostic vital est en jeu au terme de quelques mois, la transplantation hépatique (TH) représente l'unique traitement efficace,. Malheureusement, la récidive quasi-systématique de la cirrhose C, après la transplantation hépatique, est la principale barrière à la survie du greffon. De nombreux facteurs ont été associés à la sévérité des récidives, et une implication des lymphocytes T régulateurs CD4+CD25+ (Treg) et de certains immunosuppresseurs a été suggérée. Par ailleurs, le patient transplanté peut également être confronté au problème du rejet aigu d'allogreffe, qui est partiellement contrôlé par les Treg et par une thérapie immunosuppressive rigoureuse. Paradoxalement, plusieurs études ont suggéré que certains immunosuppresseurs sont moins efficaces que d'autres dans la prophylaxie du rejet d'allogreffe et peuvent même être associés à des épisodes de rejet plus fréquents. Il existait donc un besoin urgent d'évaluer le rôle joué par les immunosuppresseurs sur les Treg dans la récidive de la fibrose C et dans le rejet du greffon. Dans un premier temps, nous avons confirmé l'implication des Treg dans la progression de la récidive de l'hépatite C. En effet, les marqueurs associés à cette population sont surexprimés dans le foie et dans le sérum de patients, 1 an et 5 ans après la TH, et ce proportionnellement à la sévérité de la récidive. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons évalué l'effet d'immunosuppresseurs utilisés après la TH (cyclosporine A (CsA), tacrolimus, rapamycine et mycophénolate mofétif) sur l'activité des Treg. Nous avons ainsi montré que seule la CsA a une action inhibitrice sur l'activité des Treg, et ce, uniquement aux doses thérapeutiques de 20 et 40 ng/mL (doses administrées au long terme, 5 ans après la TH). Cette inhibition de l'activité des Treg par la CsA ne modifie pas leur phénotype (expression protéique ou génique), mais conduit à la sécrétion d'IL-2 et d'IFN-γ par les Treg, cytokines de la voie Th1. Le mécanisme immunosuppresseur de la CsA étant d'inhiber la transcription de l'IL-2, via la voie calcineurine/N-FAT, nous avons tenté d'identifier si elle agissait sur les Treg par cette voie ou par une voie indépendante de la calcineurine. Deux observations ont renforcé l'hypothèse d'un mode d'action calcineurine/N-FAT - indépendant : (i) le fait que le tacrolimus, qui a le même mécanisme immunosuppresseur que la CsA, n'inhibe pas l'activité des Treg et (ii) le fait que NIM811, un analogue de la CsA n'agissant pas sur la voie de la calcineurine, inhibe l'activité des Treg aux mêmes doses que la CsA. Cette hypothèse a par ailleurs été directement confirmée par l'absence de modification du profil de déphosphorylation du facteur de transcription N-FAT, en présence de CsA. Enfin, bien que les corticoïdes soient connus pour préserver l'activité des Treg et induisent leur prolifération in vitro, ils sont incapables de reverser l'effet inhibiteur de la CsA sur les Treg. Nos résultats suggèrent donc qu'une dose thérapeutique de CsA inhiberait l'activité des Treg CD4+CD25+. Les cellules T régulatrices jouent un rôle important dans la tolérance du greffon et dans la sévérité des récidives après la TH, leur inhibition par la CsA pourrait alors favoriser le rejet du greffon et diminuer la sévérité des récidives. Ces résultats sont importants dans la mesure où la transplantation hépatique est à l'heure actuelle la seule alternative de survie au stade du carcinome hépatocellulaire, et qu'il n'existe aucun traitement efficace contre le rejet du greffon ou la récidive de l'hépatite C. Le traitement immunosuppresseur idéal n'existe pas, cependant il ne devrait pas augmenter l'activité suppressive des Treg, au risque de favoriser la récidive de l'hépatite C, ni inhiber cette activité, au risque de favoriser le rejet du greffon.

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11

Johnson, Kevin William. "A[gamma] measurement for ¹³C([pi]⁺/⁻, [pi]⁺/⁻)¹³C* at T[subscript pi]=162 MeV /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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12

Argent-Katwala, Mary Joan Grace. "The role of c Myb during T cell activation." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289866.

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13

Tupayachi, Serrano Erika Pamela. "C. M. T. I. Centro Médico de Terapia Integral." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625783.

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La presente investigación propone, con su planteamiento crítico, una tipología arquitectónica con énfasis en la luz natural para un centro de terapia no convencional en el distrito de Pachacámac, Lima-Perú. En esa línea, se procura mostrar cómo por medio del diseño arquitectónico y el trabajo con la luz natural se podría llegar a complementar, enriquecer y potenciar, con un enfoque preventivo, las experiencias de los pacientes que llevan a cabo tratamientos médicos orientados desde las terapias tradicionales, de enfoque reactivo. La tesis consta de seis capítulos. El primero introduce los presupuestos básicos para comprender la problemática que sirve de base a nuestros objetivos, así como los alcances y las limitaciones de la presente investigación. El segundo capítulo desarrolla el marco teórico-referencial y abunda sobre las diferencias entre la medicina tradicional, centrada en la enfermedad, y la medicina integral, centrada en la persona, aproximándose críticamente a sus ventajas y desventajas mediante el empleo de términos no arquitectónicos. El capítulo tercero describe el marco conceptual arquitectónico teniendo a la vista algunos proyectos referenciales. En los capítulos cuarto y quinto se trata sobre las características del lugar y el perfil del usuario: ambos capítulos aportan elementos críticos para elaborar, en el capítulo sexto, el programa arquitectónico. En suma, se plantea un Centro Médico de Terapia Integral ubicado en Pachacámac, que cuente con todos los beneficios de diseño tipológico analizado y descrito y que, por consiguiente, incorpore como elemento fundamental, ineludible, el aspecto emocional-sensitivo de la persona humana en la implementación del tratamiento clínico.
This research proposes, with its critical approach, an architectural typology with an emphasis on natural light for an unconventional therapy center in the district of Pachacámac, Lima-Peru. In this line, we try to show how, through architectural design and work with natural light, we could complement, enrich and enhance, with a preventive approach, the experiences of patients who carry out medical treatments guided by traditional therapies, with a reactive approach. In this line, this thesis consists of six chapters. The first introduces the basic assumptions to understand the problem that serves as the basis for our objectives, as well as the scope and limitations of this research. The second chapter develops the theoretical-referential framework and abounds on the differences between traditional medicine, focused on the disease, and holistic medicine, focused on the person, critically approaching its advantages and disadvantages through the use of non-architectural terms. The third chapter describes the architectural conceptual framework with some referential projects in view. The fourth and fifth chapters deal with the characteristics of the place and the profile of the user: both chapters provide critical elements to elaborate, in the sixth chapter, the architectural program with seven functional modules for a total area constructed of 5,536 m2. In short, a Medical Center of Integral Therapy is located in Pachacámac, which has all the benefits of typological design analyzed and described and, therefore, incorporates as a fundamental element, inescapable, the emotional-sensitive aspect of the human person in the implementation of clinical treatment.
Tesis

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Costa, Priscilla Ramos. "Avaliação do perfil de ativação de células T nas fases recente e estabelecida de infecções por subtipos C e não C do vírus HIV-1." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-11052017-161346/.

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A pandemia Hiv/ Aids já resultou em mais de 34 milhões de pessoas infectadas pelo vírus no mundo até o momento. Causada pelo HIV, de caráter crônico que evolui para um quadro clínico de imunodeficiência (Aids), pode tornar o indivíduo susceptível a infecções oportunistas potencialmente letais. Diferentes fatores foram identificados por ativar o sistema imune, incluindo genótipos do hospedeiro (HLAB-27, HLA-B57, CCR5delta32), co-infecções (GBV-C) e alguns fatores virais como a capacidade de replicação (fitness) e tropismo celular. O HIV-1 possui diversidade genética extensa e dinâmica. Considerando a variabilidade genética dentro do cenário da epidemia no Brasil, as clades do HIV-1 predominantes são B, F e C, além de formas recombinantes. Contudo, ainda não foi completamente estabelecido se essa diversidade genética possa influenciar o curso clínico da doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil de ativação celular induzido encontrado em indivíduos infectados por subtipos virais C e Não- C do HIV-1, durante o primeiro ano de infecção (analisando as fases recente e estabelecida). A análise comparativa dos dois grupos (subtipos C vs. Não-C), identificou no grupo do subtipo-C uma maior frequência de células T CD4+ totais ativadas, como também uma maior frequência e ativação nas subpopulações de células T CD4+ de memória, principalmente memória efetora e efetora terminal, na fase estabelecida. Em relação às células T CD8+, deparamos na fase estabelecida com uma maior frequência de células T CD8+ de memória efetora e ativação das mesmas no grupo do subtipo-C em relação ao grupo do subtipo Não-C. Investigamos também a presença de células T CD4+ que se diferenciaram em células T reguladoras, e foi encontrada uma frequência diminuída dessas células no grupo do subtipo C em relação ao Não- C tanto na fase recente como na fase estabelecida. Na análise comparativa das fases recente e estabelecida, o grupo do subtipo Não-C apresentou um declínio tanto na quantidade de células T CD4+ como na frequência de células T CD8+ ativadas após um ano de infecção. Com base nos resultados encontrados, os dois grupos apresentaram perfis de ativação e diferenciação celular diferentes no primeiro ano de infecção pelo HIV-1, o que aponta para diferentes histórias naturais quando comparamos infecção por clades virais distintas
The Hiv/ Aids pandemic has affected more than 34 million people worldwide, reaching men, women and children. Caused by the HIV virus, a chronic infection that develops into a clinical picture of immunodeficiency (Aids), it can make the individual susceptible to opportunistic infections and result in death. Different factors were identified by activating the immune system, including host genotypes (HLAB-27, HLA-B57, CCR5delta32), co-infections (GBV-C) and some viral factors such as fitness and cellular tropism. The HIV-1 presents an extensive and dynamic genetic diversity, favoring the production of variants with molecular differences. Considering the genetic variability within the scenario of the epidemic in Brazil, the predominant subtypes of HIV-1 are B, F and C. However, it has not yet been completely established if this genetic diversity can impact the clinical course of the disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the induced cellular activation profile found in HIV-1 C and non-C viral subtypes groups in the first year of infection (analyzing the recent and established phases). The comparative analysis of the two groups (subtypes C vs. Non-C) identified a higher frequency of activated CD4+ T cells in the C-subtype group, as well as a higher frequency and activation in CD4+ T-cell subsets of memory, mainly effector memory and terminal effector on the established phase. About CD8+ T cells, we found in the established phase a higher frequency and activation in the effector memory subset in the C- subtype group compared to the non- C subtype group. We also investigated the presence of CD4+ T cells differentiated into regulators T cells, and a decreased frequency of these cells was found in the subtype C group over non- C in both the recent and established phases. In the recent and established phase comparative analysis evidenced that the non-C subtype group presented a decline in both the number of CD4+ T cells and the CD8+ T-cell activated frequency after 1 year of infection, however, it presented a positive correlation between the viral load and frequency of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in both phases. Based on the results found, the two groups presented different activation and differentiation profiles in the first year of HIV-1 infection, which points to different natural histories when comparing infection with different viral clades

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Ersoy, Tunc Faik [Verfasser]. "Magnetresonanz-tomographische Merkmale der Telomerase-Reverse-Transkriptase-Promotermutationen –126 C>T und –146 C>T in primären Glioblastomen / Tunc Faik Ersoy." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200112520/34.

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Maito, F?bio Luiz Dal Moro. "Ativa??o de c?lulas dendr?ticas na gera??o de c?lulas T CD8+ e T CD4+ anti-tumorais de mem?ria." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2008. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5331.

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De acordo com a hip?tese da vigil?ncia imunol?gica, o sistema imune ? relevante no controle do crescimento tumoral. Entretanto, a resposta imune n?o ? capaz de barrar a progress?o de todos os tumores. Uma poss?vel explica??o para isso ? a toleriza??o das c?lulas imunes proporcionada pelo ambiente imunossupressor gerado por tumores, favorecendo seu desenvolvimento e diminuindo a efic?cia da resposta imune contra o tumor. O presente estudo visou analisar a forma??o de respostas imunes anti-tumorais in vivo, bem como identificar mecanismos capazes de reverter a toler?ncia induzida pelo tumor ? resposta imune. Para realizar este trabalho foram usados tr?s sistemas experimentais: (1) inje??o subcut?nea de tumor B16F10 para an?lise da resposta imune policlonal, (2) inje??o subcut?nea de B16OVA (OVA257-264 SIINFEKL) com transfer?ncia adotiva de c?lulas OT-I para o estudo da gera??o de resposta de c?lulas T CD8+ e (3) constru??o e inje??o subcut?nea de uma linhagem de B16F10 expressando um ant?geno restrito ao MHC classe II (B16EaRFP) com transfer?ncia adotiva de c?lulas TEa para o estudo da gera??o de resposta anti-tumoral de c?lulas T CD4+. Com estes modelos experimentais foi observada diminui??o de c?lulas no infiltrado peritumoral e da celularidade nos linfonodos drenantes (LND) ? medida que o tumor B16F10 cresce, sugerindo uma interrup??o do tr?nsito de c?lulas imunes do s?tio tumoral para o LND. A express?o de CD86 nas c?lulas dendr?ticas (DCs) nos linfonodos diminui com o crescimento tumoral. Com a eleva??o da freq??ncia precursora de c?lulas T CD8+ anti-tumorais no sistema B16OVA, o crescimento tumoral foi retardado mas n?o barrado por completo. A melhora significante da resposta contra o tumor foi obtida com a inje??o intratumoral de um ligante de TLR-4, o lipopolissacarideo de E.coli (LPS), mas apenas quando foi injetado via intratumoral, ap?s o estabelecimento do tumor in vivo. O sistema B16EaRFP revelou que a acessibilidade do ant?geno ?s c?lulas dendr?ticas ? importante na estimula??o da resposta T CD4+ anti-tumoral, resultando em maior prolifera??o de c?lulas TEa em resposta ao tumor lisado versus o tumor vivo. Quando as c?lulas tumorais foram induzidas a necrose e apoptose e injetadas subcutaneamente, houve maior porcentagem de c?lulas CD11c +YAe+ CD86+. Observou-se maior prolifera??o de c?lulas TEa nos linfonodos drenantes no grupo de camundongos injetados com c?lulas tumorais mortas por necrose, com um pico nove dias ap?s a inje??o tumoral, mas j? apresentando contra??o ap?s tr?s dias. A divis?o das c?lulas TEa tamb?m diminui gradualmente ao longo do tempo, sugerindo que nos tr?s casos h? apresenta??o limitada de ant?geno. A diferencia??o das c?lulas TEa em fen?tipo de mem?ria foi observada nos tr?s tratamentos, com mais ?nfase nos animais que receberam tumor induzido a necrose e apoptose. Contudo, as c?lulas TEa n?o foram capazes de fornecer ajuda para interromper o crescimento tumoral quando o B16EaRED foi injetado vivo. Em conjunto, os resultados sugerem que a diminui??o da apresenta??o de ant?geno e de co-estimula??o ao longo do tempo impedem a diferencia??o das c?lulas T em c?lulas de mem?ria eficazes. Os resultados indicam que o tumor intacto n?o fornece sinais suficientes para a gera??o de c?lulas T de mem?ria anti-tumoral para impedir o crescimento tumoral. Ao contr?rio, o tumor parece gerar um ambiente que n?o favorece a resposta imune, impedindo o tr?nsito de c?lulas imunes entre o LND e o sitio tumoral, diminuindo a express?o de CD86 em DCs no LND. Ainda, sinais fornecidos por c?lulas induzidas a apoptose ou necrose aumentam a apresenta??o de ant?genos tumorais e os n?veis de co-estimula??o, embora n?o substituam os sinais fornecidos pelo LPS, capazes de reverter o quadro imunossupressor

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Giret, Maria Teresa Maidana [UNIFESP]. "Infecção pelo vírus GB-C (GBV-C) em recém infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana tipo 1 (HIV-1): prevalência, incidência e modulação da ativação celular." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9671.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O GB vírus C (GBV-C) está constituído por uma fita única de RNA de polaridade positiva e pertence à família Flaviviridae. Possui uma seqüência e organização genómica parecida ao vírus da hepatite C, (HCV). A infecção pelo GBV-C não foi associada a nenhuma patologia, embora, na co infecção com o HIV, tenha sido associada a uma sobrevida maior e retardo no desenvolvimento da imunodeficiência. O efeito benéfico do GBV-C parece ser mediado por alterações na resposta imune celular; contudo, os possíveis mecanismos para explicar esse efeito ainda não foram esclarecidos. Neste trabalho investigamos a freqüência e características genotípicas assim como o impacto da infecção pelo GBV-C nos indivíduos infectados pelo HIV-1. No primeiro manuscrito examinamos os conhecimentos descritos na literatura referentes à coinfecção e propusemos algumas hipóteses para explicar esses efeitos. Posteriormente, descrevemos a taxa de infecção, a prevalência, incidência e características genotípicas do GBV-C nesta população. Assim, uma considerável freqüência de infecção pelo GBV-C foi observada e a análise filogenética dos isolados de GBV-C mostraram ser do genótipo 1 e 2. Foi observada também uma correlação inversa entre a carga viral do GBV-C e a carga viral do HIV na inclusão e um ano depois, assim como uma correlação positiva, mas não significativa, entre a carga viral do GBV-C e a contagem de linfócitos T CD4+. Finalmente, avaliamos o efeito da viremia pelo GBV-C na ativação celular em recém infectados pelo HIV-1. Os pacientes foram agrupados em GBV-C viremicos e não virémicos e foram avaliados para a contagem de linfócitos T, marcadores de ativação celular e carga viral do GBV-C e HIV-1. Foram realizadas análises de univariada e multivariada para identificar variáveis associadas com ativação celular. Demonstramos que a viremia pelo GBV-C foi correlacionada com uma diminuição da ativação celular nos indivíduos HIV positivos e este efeito mostrou se independente da carga viral do HIV. Assim, esta associação entre a replicação do GBV-C e menor ativação celular pode explicar, pelo menos em parte, a proteção conferida pelo GBV-C na progressão da doença nos indivíduos infectados pelo HIV-1.
GB virus C (GBV-C) is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus, which is a member of the Flaviviridae. It has a close sequence homology and genomic organization to hepatitis C virus (HCV). No disease has been associated with GBV-C infection but coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to improved morbidity and mortality for the HIV infected subjects. The mechanism of the beneficial effect of GBV-C appears to be mediated by alterations in the cellular immune response. In this study we investigated the frequency and genotyping characteristics as well as the impact of the GBV-C infection among recently HIV-1 infected individuals. In the first manuscript we examined the current knowledge concerning this co-infection and developed hypotheses to explain its effects. Subsequently, we described the rate of infection, the prevalence, incidence and genotypic GBV-C characteristics in this population. In that regard, a considerable frequency of GBV-C infection was observed and the phylogenetic analysis of the GBVC isolates revealed the predominance of genotypes 1 and 2. Also, it was observed an inverse correlation between GBV-C load and HIV-1 load at the enrollment and after one year of follow-up, and a positive, but not statistically significant, correlation between GBV-C load and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts. Finally, we have investigated the effect of GBV-C viremia on T cell activation in early HIV-1-infection. The volunteers were enrolled into two groups: GBV-C viremic and non viremic, all co-infected with HIV-1. They were evaluated for T cell counts, cellular activation markers, GBV-C RNA detection, and HIV-1 viral load. Non-parametric univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify the variables associated with cellular activation. We demonstrated that the GBV-C viremia is correlated with a lower T cell activation in HIV-1-infected individuals and this effect was independent of HIV-1 viral load. The association between GBV-C replication and lower T-cell activation may explain, at least in part, the protection conferred by this virus against disease progression to immunodeficiency in HIV-1-infected patients.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

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Ghazal, Khaldoun. "Le rôle des cellules T régulatrices en transplantation hépatique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066225/document.

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Les résultats de la transplantation hépatique (TH) se sont considérablement améliorés mais la survie à long terme est une préoccupation des transplanteurs. Elle dépend de la survenue d’un rejet, de la récidive de l’hépatite C, du traitement immunosuppresseur et de ses complications. Après une TH suite à une complication de l’hépatite C, l'infection du greffon par le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC) est constante, et l'évolution de l'hépatite chronique est plus rapide et agressive que chez les non transplantés. L’implication des cellules T régulatrices (Treg) a été suggérée dans l’induction de tolérance après transplantation et dans la persistance de l’infection par le VHC. Le nombre et la fonction des Treg seraient influencés par le traitement immunosuppresseur (IS). Dans ce contexte, je me suis intéressé au rôle des Treg dans l’évolution de la TH, et les effets des différents traitements utilisés (IS et anti-VHC) sur ces cellules. Les résultats montrent que les Treg, en particulier les cellules régulatrices de type 1 (Tr1), seraient prédictifs de la réponse au traitement antiviral C, et aussi que les Treg pourraient être impliquées dans l’évolution de la récidive virale C après TH. JE montre aussi que les inhibiteurs de mTor induisent une augmentation de taux des Treg chez les patients transplantés hépatiques après changement du traitement d’un anticalcineurine, et que les anticalcinurines réagissent différemment sur l’activité suppressive des Treg in vitro. En conclusion, je précise le rôle majeur des Treg à la fois dans l’évolution de la récidive virale C sur le greffon hépatique, mais également quels sont les IS qui auraient un effet favorable sur le développement des Treg
The results of liver transplantation (LT) have improved significantly, but long-term graft survival is still a major concern for doctors. It depends on the rejection rates, the recurrence of hepatitis C, and the immunosuppressive treatment and its complications. After LT, the graft reinfection with HCV is constant, and the evolution of chronic hepatitis is faster and more aggressive when compared to the time course before transplantation. It has been suggested the regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in the induction of tolerance after organ transplantation, and in the persistence of HCV infection by suppressing the HCV-specific T responses. Furthermore, the number and function of Treg are very likely influenced by the immunosuppressive therapy used after transplantation. In this context, my work focuses on the role of Treg cells in the evolution of liver transplantation, and the effects of different treatments used after LT (immunosuppressive and anti-HCV) on this population. The results of my thesis show that the Treg cells (Type-1 regulatory cells, Tr1, in particular) are predictive of the response to the anti-HCV treatment after LT, and that Treg cells are associated with severe evolution of recurrent hepatitis C. I show that mTOR inhibitors have a positive impact on the number of circulating Treg cells in patients who underwent a conversion of therapy from Tacrolimus to a mTOR inhibitor, and that calcinurine inhibitors have different effects on Treg suppressive activity in vitro. In conclusion, we bring evidences on the involvement of Treg cells in HCV recurrence and treatment failure after liver transplantation and in their interaction with immunosuppressive drugs

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Seetharamakrishnan, Devasenapathi P. 1970. "C@t : a language for programming massively distributed embedded systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62372.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-69).
This thesis presents c@t, a language for programming distributed embedded systems that are composed of thousands (even millions) of interacting computing devices. Due to the improvements in fabricating technologies, it is becoming possible to build tiny single-chip devices equipped with logic circuits, sensors, actuators and communication components. A large number of these devices can be networked together to build Massively Distributed Embedded Systems (MDES). A wide variety of embedded control applications are envisioned for MDES: responsive environments, smart buildings, wildlife monitoring, precision agriculture, inventory tracking, etc. These examples are compelling, however, developing applications for MDES remains complex due to the following issues: MDES consist of large number of resource constrained devices and the number of potential interactions between them can be combinatorially explosive. Systems with the combined issues of such scale complexity, interaction complexity and resource constraints are unprecedented and cannot be programmed using conventional technologies. Accordingly, this thesis presents cut, a language that employs the following techniques to address the issues of MDES: 1. To address the scale complexity, c@t provides tools for programming the system as a unit. 2. c@t offers a declarative style network programming interface so that network interactions can be implemented without writing any low-level networking code. 3. The applications developed using c@t are vertically integrated. That is, the compiler customizes the runtime environment to the suit the application needs. Using this integrated approach, efficient applications can be developed to fit the available resources. This thesis describes the design, features and implementation of c@t in detail. A sample application developed using c@t is also presented.
y Devasenapathi P. Seetharamakrishnan.
S.M.

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Norris, Rebecca L. (Rebecca Lynn) 1977. "Acquisition of the T and C system in clausal complements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28344.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, February 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 48).
In order to discover how children acquire the T(ense) and C(omplementizer) system, finite and nonfinite embedded clauses produced by children in the CHILDES database were studied. It was discovered that young children often delete to in nonfinite embedded clauses, and that they use that in the C position of finite imbedded clauses far less often than adults do. By adapting Wexler's (1998) theory of optional infinitives to a Pesetsky and Torrego (2001, 2002) framework, I show that the facts about both finite and nonfinite embedded clauses are due to three conflicting constraints: a modified Unique Checking Constraint based on that in Wexler (1998), a conceptual constraint requiring both T and C to appear in every full clause, and a constraint which tells children to use phonological closeness to decide which goal to move when two goals are equally close to a probe. Children cannot avoid violation of at least one constraint, so they are required to violate as few as possible. This results in different possible derivations, each one of which produces results which are seen in child speech.
by Rebecca L. Norris.
S.M.

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Costa, Grace Soares. "Difusão de C&T: desafios de uma comunicação integradora." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2009. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2262.

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The scientific information is a requirement in many ways. Learn what is happening is a right and a gradual awakening of the conquest of power - be informed of and fully responsible. This work aims to, through quantitative analysis, identify all the scientific events held in the state, between 2003 and 2008, and known scientific journals related to the Graduate Programs of educational institutions and local search, with the objectives of : analyzing the participation of researchers ahead of events, from the possibility of state and federal funding for this and identify the educational institutions and most active research areas and the poor, raise and analyze the major magazines aimed at dissemination of science and technology within the academic and scientific environment.
A divulgação científica é uma exigência sob vários aspectos. Saber o que está acontecendo é um direito e um despertar gradativo sobre a conquista desse poder ser informado de forma plena e responsável. Este trabalho propõe-se, por meio de análise quantitativa, identificar todos os eventos científicos realizados no Estado, entre 2003 e 2008, e conhecer as Revistas Científicas vinculadas aos Programas de Pós-Graduação das Instituições de Ensino e Pesquisa (IEPs) locais, com os objetivos de: analisar a participação dos pesquisadores frente à organização de eventos, a partir da possibilidade de financiamento estadual e federal para esse fim e identificar quais as IEPs mais atuantes e as áreas mais carentes; levantar e analisar as principais Revistas voltadas para a difusão de C&T dentro do ambiente acadêmico e científico.

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Zajíc, Josef. "Plynofikace uhelného kotle 210 t/h; 13,63 MPa; 540 °C." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230871.

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This thesis aims to gas installation of the coal boiler and its thermal recount. In the first part, there is implemented calculation of the combusting chamber. After that follows the recalculation of heat exchange surfaces and proposal tube air heater, which will replace the existing air heater Ljungström. The emphasis is placed on the preservation of the exsiting steam parametrs and keeps emission limit of NOx.

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N'Gome, Sendeyo Kelhia. "Immunopathologie des podocytopathies acquises : rôle de c-mip dans les perturbations immunitaires et podocytaires." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0116.

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Le Syndrome Néphrotique à Lésions Glomérulaires Minimes (SNLGM) et la glomérulonéphrite extra membraneuse (GEM) sont deux podocytopathies primitives d'origine immunitaire associant des altérations immunes et des atteintes podocytaires à l'origine d'un syndrome néphrotique. Cependant, bien que l'origine dysimmunitaire soit confortée par de nombreux arguments cliniques, les mécanismes impliqués restent obscurs. Initialement identifié dans les lymphocytes T (LT) de patients en phase de poussée de SNLGM, le gène c-mip est également exprimé dans les podocytes de patients atteints de SNLGM et de GEM, alors qu'il est physiologiquement réprimé. Ainsi, les objectifs de ce travail étaient : 1) appréhender le rôle de c-mip dans le LT d'une part à travers l'étude d'un modèle murin transgénique (Tg), et 2) comprendre la fonction de c-mip au niveau du podocyte grâce au modèle expérimental de GEM humaine induit chez le rat.Le modèle murin Tg Lck-cmip surexprime spécifiquement c-mip dans les LT matures périphériques. Cette surexpression est à l'origine d'un phénotype lymphocytaire altéré marqué par une accumulation de LT naïf, et une inhibition de la synthèse de cytokines de type TH1 et TH2, après une activation T spécifique ex vivo. Cette régulation négative est associée à une accumulation des formes inactives des kinases de la famille des Src et un blocage du recrutement des lipids rafts nécessaire à la formation de la synapse immunologique. Ces résultats suggèrent donc que c-mip est un régulateur négatif de l'activation T impliqué dans la signalisation proximale lymphocytaire et pourrait être impliqué dans l'hyporéactivité lymphocytaire observée chez les patients atteints de SNLGM actif.L'étude de la néphrite de Heymann passive, un modèle expérimental de GEM humaine, montre que l'induction podocytaire de c-mip coïncide avec l'apparition de la protéinurie. Cette surexpression est associée d'une part, à une diminution des taux de synaptopodine qui engendre une diminution de l'activité RhoA, à l'origine d'une désorganisation du cytosquelette podocytaire, et d'autre part à une induction de DAPK (death-associated protein kinase) et ILK (Integrin Linked Kinase) impliquées dans des phénomènes pro-apoptotiques. La cyclosporine A en inhibant l'expression de c-mip restaure les taux de DAPK et ILK ainsi que l'activité RhoA. Ainsi dans le podocyte, c-mip semble impliquer dans les troubles de la signalisation podocytaire aboutissant à une protéinurie néphrotique.C-mip semble donc jouer un rôle crucial dans les perturbations podocytaires et lymphocytaires observées chez les patients atteints de podocytopathies primitives et représente à ce titre une cible thérapeutique.Mots clefs :C-mip, Syndrome Néphrotique à Lésions Glomérulaires Minimes, Glomerulonéphrite Extra Membraneuse, signalisation proximale, lymphocyte T, podocyte, cytosquelette
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome (MCNS) and Membranous Nephropathy (MN) are two primitive immune podocytopathies associating immune alterations and podocyte damage ultimately leading to proteinuria. Although the immune origin of the disease is corroborated by numerous clinical data, the mechanisms involved are still unknown. In previous works by the team, the c-mip protein was found expressed in T lymphocytes (TL) from patients with MCNS relapse, and in podocytes from MCNS and MN patients, while it is physiologically repressed. The aims of the present work were: firstly, to investigate the rôle of c-mip in TL by the study of Lck-cmip transgenic mice (Tg); secondly, to understand c-mip function in podocyte using a rat experimental model of human MN (Heymann nephritis).Transgenic mice overexpressed specifically c-mip in peripheral mature TL. This expression led to an altered TL phenotype characterized by accumulation of naïve LT associated with inhibition of TH1's and TH2's cytokines, after T-specific activation ex vivo. This negative regulation was correlated with an increase in the inactive forms of Src kinases and a blockage of the lipid raft clustering required for immunological synapse formation. These results suggest that (i) c-mip is a negative regulator of the proximal signaling events associated with TL activation involved in proximal signaling and (ii) it could be involved in the TL hyporeactivity described in SNLGM patients.In the study based on passive Heymann Nephritis, the experimental model of MN, the results highlight a correlation between podocyte expression of c-mip and proteinuria. This expression is associated, on the one hand, with a decrease in synaptopodin levels, which generate a decrease of RhoA activity resulting in podocyte cytoskeleton disorganization, and on the other hand with DAPK (Death Associated Protein Kinase) and ILK (Integrin Linked Kinase) induction, known to be involved in pro-apoptotic mechanisms. Cyclosporin A inhibited c-mip expression and restored the basal levels of DAPK, ILK and Rhoa activity. These results suggest that in podocyte, c-mip could be involved in proximal signaling alterations leading to nephrotic proteinuria.In conclusion, c-mip could play a crucial rôle in both the lymphocyte and podocyte alterations observed in patients suffering from primitive podocytopathies, strongly suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target in these disorders.Key words :C-mip, MCNS, MN, proximal signaling, Src kinase, T lymphocyte, podocyte, cytoskeleton

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Conto, Emily de. "Avaliação da frequência de polimorfismos dos genes GDF-9 (c.398-39C>G, c.436C>T, c.447C>T, c.546G>A, c.557C>A e c.646G>A), AMH (p.Ile49Ser) E AMHR2 (–482A>G) em mulheres inférteis com endometriose." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97170.

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Reyes, Mandujano Ivonne Fanny. "Asociación del polimorfismo genético de las IL-1A C(889)T Y IL-1B C(+3953/4)T en un grupo de adultos con periodontitis crónica." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4633.

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La periodontitis crónica es la causa más común de pérdida de dientes en el mundo y muchos factores de riesgo tales como las infecciones, la respuesta inflamatoria, la higiene oral, la edad, los hábitos de fumar y las características genéticas individuales están involucrados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. La identificación de los factores genéticos que condicionan la inflamación oral puede ayudarnos a comprender la predisposición a desarrollar periodontitis. Las interleuquinas, en especial la IL-1, tienen mucha importancia en la evolución de la enfermedad periodontal, debido a que son proteínas solubles que median interacciones complejas entre los linfocitos, las células inflamatorias y otros elementos celulares del tejido conectivo. Por tal motivo, el propósito de este estudio fue determinar la asociación de los polimorfismos genéticos de la IL-1A C(-889)T, IL-1B C(+3953/4)T, con la periodontitis crónica en un grupo de peruanos. Para ello se reclutaron 94 personas con periodontitis crónica y 96 personas periodontalmente sanas, a quienes se les extrajo una muestra de sangre para obtener el ADN y realizar la genotipificación de la IL-1A e IL-1B, con la técnica de PCR-RFLP. Los datos fueron analizados con el test de 2, 2de tendencia lineal y regresión logística, con un 95% de intervalo de confianza. Los resultados muestran una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el genotipo positivo de la IL-1B y el genotipo compuesto positivo, con la periodontitis crónica. Palabras clave: Interleuquinas, Citoquinas, Periodontitis Crónica, Polimorfismo Genético, PCR- RFLP.
--- Chronic periodontitis is the most common cause of tooth loss in the world and many risk factors such as infections, inflammatory response, oral hygiene, age, smoking habits and individual genetic characteristics are involved in the development of this disease. The identification of genetic factors that influence oral inflammation may help us understand the predisposition to developing periodontitis. Interleukins, in particular IL-1, are very important in the development of periodontal disease because they are soluble proteins that mediate complex interactions among cells, inflammatory cells and other cellular elements of connective tissue. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the association of genetic polymorphisms of the IL-1A C (-889) T, IL-1B C (+3953/4) T, with chronic periodontitis in a group of Peruvians. For this purpose, 94 people with chronic periodontitis and 96 periodontally healthy people were recruits and blood for DNA and perform genotyping of IL-1A and IL-1B, with the PCR-RFLP was extracted to them. Data were analyzed with the test 2, 2 of linear trend and logistic regression with 95% confidence interval. The results show a statistically significant association between positive genotype of the IL-1B and the positive composite genotype with chronic periodontitis. Keywords: Interleukins, cytokines, Chronic Periodontitis, Genetic Polymorphism, PCR-RFLP.
Tesis

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Pereira, Luciana Farias. "Estudo do efeito do envelhecimento sobre a capacidade das c?lulas dendr?ticas estimularem c?lulas T." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5377.

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O envelhecimento est? associado com o decl?nio progressivo nas fun??es do sistema imunol?gico (imunosenesc?ncia), tanto na imunidade humoral quanto na imunidade mediada por c?lulas, resultando em maior suscetibilidade a infec??es e c?ncer, al?m da diminui??o na capacidade de responder a vacinas. As c?lulas dendr?ticas (DCs) s?o as mais poderosas e eficientes apresentadoras de ant?genos (APC), desempenhando um papel primordial na apresenta??o e conseq?ente resposta imune mediada por c?lulas T. Poucos estudos enfocam a atividade das c?lulas dendr?ticas no envelhecimento, sendo que a maioria dos dados s?o relativos ?s fun??es das c?lulas T. As intera??es entre as c?lulas dendr?ticas e as c?lulas T afetam o processamento e consequente apresenta??o de ant?genos, influenciando a efetividade das respostas imunes mediadas por c?lulas T. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade estimulat?ria de c?lulas dendr?ticas de camundongos velhos em uma resposta espec?fica T CD4+ comparada ? resposta imune de camundongos jovens. Para isso, c?lulas T de camundongos transg?nicos TEa, espec?ficas para o complexo Ea:IAb foram transferidas para camundongos normais C57Bl/6, c?lulas T de camundongos jovens para animais velhos e jovens, e c?lulas T de camundongos velhos para animais velhos e jovens. Os resultados demonstram que, ap?s imuniza??o com o ant?geno EaRFP, tanto as c?lulas T jovens quanto as c?lulas T velhas foram estimuladas de modo semelhante por c?lulas dendr?ticas jovens. Contudo, c?lulas dendr?ticas de animais velhos n?o foram capazes de estimular suficientemente as c?lulas T de animais velhos nem mesmo as c?lulas T de animais jovens. Enquanto ambas as c?lulas T, jovens e velhas, adquiriram o fen?tipo CD44+ quando transferidas para os animais jovens, c?lulas T jovens transferidas para animais velhos n?o adquiriram o mesmo fen?tipo. Esse fato sugeriu que c?lulas dendr?ticas de animais velhos possuem baixa capacidade de estimular c?lulas T, mesmo que essas c?lulas venham de um animal jovem. N?s hipotetizamos que esse resultado poderia estar ligado a um n?mero extremamente diminu?do de c?lulas dendr?ticas nos animais velhos, ou ainda em uma defici?ncia em um dos sinais fornecidos pelas c?lulas dendr?ticas no priming de linf?citos T (apresenta??o de ant?geno ou sinais coestimulat?rios). O n?mero total de c?lulas dendr?ticas foi significativamente menor em camundongos velhos comparado a camundongos jovens. Al?m disso, o n?mero de c?lulas apresentando ant?geno foi menor no linfonodo drenante de animais velhos, e a express?o de CD86 por c?lulas dendr?ticas de animais velhos n?o foi diferente da dos animais jovens. Os resultados sugerem que a diminui??o da capacidade de apresenta??o de ant?geno apresentada no envelhecimento ? cr?tica para a perda do potencial estimulat?rio de c?lulas T CD4+ por c?lulas dendr?ticas.

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Bengsch, Bertram. "CD8+ T Zelldifferenzierung bei der Hepatitis B- und Hepatitis C-Virusinfektion." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-opus-60765.

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Rorato, Gustavo Donizeti. "A construção do sistema de C,T&I de Israel /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191045.

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Orientador: Rogério Gomes
Banca: Eduardo Strachman
Banca: Milene Simone Tessarin
Resumo: O presente trabalho pretende analisar os determinantes que fizeram do Estado de Israel uma nação referência em C,T&I. Desde antes de sua criação em 1948, o Estado de Israel já investia forte em pesquisa, primeiramente para sanar as dificuldades geoclimáticas da região (agricultura e energia) e, posteriormente, com a necessidade de desenvolvimento de uma indústria militar robusta, no qual criou centros de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, para impulsionar esse setor que posteriormente transbordou para indústria civil de alta tecnologia. Essa pré-disposição à pesquisa fez Israel, em apenas 71 anos e mesmo sendo um país pequeno em termos de extensão territorial e população, se tornar o país que mais investe em P&D por porcentagem do PIB no mundo, além de ter alcançado resultados importantes em termos de C,T&I. Essas conquistas, que muitos países da OCDE não conseguiram alcançar até os dias de hoje, comprovam que Israel possui características que são diferenciais no que tange C,T&I. Diante disso, a pretensão dessa pesquisa é identificar os pilares que possibilitaram o desempenho tecnológico e identificar como a relação entre as instituições geraram um ambiente muito favorável para fluxo de informações e consolidação da C,T&I no país. Por fim, a contribuição desta pesquisa dar-se-á no sentido de compreender a trajetória israelense para melhor compreensão dos fatores que transformaram este país em uma nação geradora de C,T&I.
Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the determinants that made the State of Israel a reference nation in C,T&I. Since before its inception in 1948, the State of Israel has invested heavily in research, first to remedy the region's geoclimatic difficulties (agriculture and energy), and subsequently with the need for the development of a robust military industry, in which it created centers research and development, to boost this sector that later spilled over into the high-tech civil industry. This willingness to do research made Israel in 71 years and even a small country in terms of extension and territorial population., become the country that invests the most in R&D per percentage of GDP in the world, and has achieved important results in C,T&I terms. These achievements, which many OECD countries have failed to achieve to date, prove that Israel has characteristics that are unique in terms of C,T&I. Given this, the intention of this research is to identify the pillars that enabled the technological performance and identify how the relationship between the institutions generated a very favorable environment for information flow and consolidation of C,T&I in the country. Finally, the contribution of this research will be to understand the Israeli trajectory for a better understanding of the factors that turned this country into a generating nation of C, T & I.
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Coss, Samantha Lynn. "T cell immunity and postpartum control of the hepatitis C virus." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532085655839592.

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Kirumira, Tony Mark. "Barriers to external knowledge transfer between Sweden and Uganda : A c a s e ab o u t d e v e l o pme n t p r o j e c t s." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9365.

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Abstract

Problem: The desire for development in less privileged countries like Uganda has created the need for the privileged countries like Sweden to embark on external knowledge transfer through different projects, as one of the objectives to achieve development. However, some factors tend to limit the success of this external knowledge transfer process.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find out the factors that lead to the barriers and limitations of knowledge transfer in development projects. Since there are differences in objectives between nonprofit and profit making projects, the research is also aimed at highlighting the extent to which the affecting factors hinder the achievement of objectives and goals.

Method: Qualitative methods were used in this research. Telephone interviews were conducted after sending questionnaires to four respondents from different organizations that were actively involved in the projects. In order to have balanced results, two respondents each from Uganda and Sweden were interviewed. Trustworthiness and ethical issues were put into consideration while conducting the interviews, in a bid to create a desirable atmosphere for conducting the study.

Result: External knowledge transfer is affected by factors like culture, individual factors, and knowledge management factors. Apart from the mentioned factors, research found that instead of organizational factors that would affect profit making projects to a greater extent, factors like the political will, ownership and local needs are the ones that affect development projects.

Conclusion: The factors that affect the external knowledge transfer process are to a greater extent human, and are controllable. In development projects, the recipient country should identify the needs that would initiate the external knowledge transfer process. Most of the affecting factors would be controlled through building of relationships and strong ties, local ownership, and political considerations. All this put into consideration, external knowledge transfer between developed and developing countries stand a high chance to succeed.

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Arnulf, Bertrand. "Rôle du TGF-beta au cours de la leucémogenèse T post-thymique : application aux leucémies T de l'adulte liées au virus HTLV-I." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077194.

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Viso, Ana Teresa Rodriguez. "Hepatite C crônica e citocinas - estudo no soro e no fígado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-19082010-103153/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A patogênese da hepatite C crônica resulta principalmente de mecanismos imuno-mediados com a atuação central das citocinas tanto na lesão hepatocelular como na eliminação e na persistência do vírus da hepatite C (VHC). OBJETIVOS: Investigar a resposta imune adaptativa da hepatite C crônica através da expressão das células inflamatórias no tecido hepático e de citocinas no tecido hepático e no sangue, relacionando-os com dados demográficos, laboratoriais e histológicos. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com hepatite C crônica, virgens de tratamento foram selecionados no ambulatório de Moléstias Infecciosas do Hospital das Clínicas. Foram utilizados dois grupos controles para comparação: de doadores de sangue saudáveis e fragmentos de biópsia hepática de doadores de órgãos. Todos os controles selecionados não tinham evidência de hepatopatia. As seguintes citocinas foram analisadas no sangue pelo método quantitativo de ELISA no sangue dos casos e dos doadores de sangue: interleucina (IL) 1, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL 10, interferon (IFN) , fator de necrose tumoral (TNF) e fator de crescimento e transformação (TGF) . As mesmas citocinas e as populações celulares CD4+, CD8+, CD45RO+, CD57+, CD68+ e S100 foram quantificadas através de método imuno-histoquímico no espaço portal e no lobo hepático dos casos e dos doadores de fígado. Esses dados foram posteriormente associados às alterações histológicas pela classificação de Ishak. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 51 pacientes com hepatite C crônica, 58% do gênero masculino; 66,6% brancos e média de idade de 39 anos (variando de 20 a 59). Foram selecionados 33 doadores de órgãos e 51 doadores de sangue. Comparando com os doadores de sangue, os casos apresentaram maiores níveis séricos de IL2 (p <0,001), IL10 (p <0,001), INF (p 0,018) e TGF (p <0,001). Na análise das biópsias hepáticas, os casos apresentaram maior expressão de LTCD4+ portais (p <0,001), LTCD8+ portais (p <0,001), IL4 lobular (p 0,001), IL10 lobular (p 0,007), INF lobular (p <0,001), TNF portal (p <0,001) e lobular (p <0,001), TGF portal (p <0,001) e lobular (p <0,001) do que os doadores de órgãos. Entre os casos, houve correlações significantes diretas entre os seguintes marcadores e as alterações histológicas: CD4+ portal com a atividade peri portal (p 0,004); CD4+ lobular com a atividade lobular (p 0,017); TGF lobular com a atividade lobular (p 0,016); IL1 portal com atividade peri portal (p 0,009) e IL8 do sangue e fibrose (p 0,036). As populações celulares foram correlacionadas às citocinas no fígado dos casos e houve significância direta entre: CD4+ portal e TNF portal (p 0,004); CD8+ portal e TGF portal (p 0,030); CD57+ portal e IL10 portal (p 0,008); CD57+ lobular com TGF lobular (p 0,040) e IL2 lobular (p 0,048); S100 portal e IL10 portal (p 0,014). Não houve correlação significante entre as citocinas do fígado e as citocinas do sangue nos pacientes com hepatite C crônica. A carga viral do VHC teve correlação indireta com LTCD8+ lobulares (p 0,020), IL2 portal (p 0.049) e lobular (p 0.004). DISCUSSÃO: O comando da resposta imune nesta casuística foi orquestrado pelos linfócitos T CD4+ e CD8+, com predomínio da resposta Th1 e o principal local dos eventos foi o espaço portal. A compartimentalização da resposta imune ao VHC foi evidenciada pela ausência de correlações significantes entre as citocinas do tecido hepático e do sangue nos pacientes com hepatite C crônica.
BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C results mainly of immunological mechanisms with cytokines playing a central role in hepatocellular necrosis and in the immunopathogenic process involved in viral clearance and persistence. AIM: To investigate immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) through expression of inflamatory cells in liver and cytokines in liver and serum, and assess the relationship with demografic, laboratorial and histological features. METHODS: Naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C were selected from Infectious Diseases Division at a University Hospital. Two sets of controls were selected for comparison: healthy blood donors and liver biopsy specimens from liver donors. All controls had no evidence of hepatic disease. The following cytokines were analyzed by quantitative ELISA method in serum of cases and healthy blood donor controls: interleukin (IL) 1, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, interferon (IFN) , tumor necrosis factor (TNF) , and transforming growth factor (TGF) . The same cytokines and cellular populations of CD4+ T lymphocytes (TL), CD8+ TL, CD45+, CD57+, CD68+ and S100 were quantified by immunohistochemistry in acinar and portal spaces in liver biopsies of cases and liver donor controls. These data were additionally associated to histological parameters by Ishak Score. RESULTS: Were selected 51 patients with chronic hepatitis C, 58% were males; 66,6% white and the median age was 39 (range 20 to 59) years. Were selected 33 liver donors and 51 blood donors. Compared with heathy blood donor controls, cases showed higher levels of IL2 (p <0.001), IL10 (p <0.001), INF (p 0.018) and TGF (p <0.001). In liver biopsy analyses, cases showed greater expression of the following cell populations and cytokines: portal CD4+ TL (p <0.001), portal CD8+ (p <0.001), acinar IL4 (p 0.001), acinar IL10 (p 0.007), acinar INF (p <0.001), portal TNF (p <0.001), acinar TNF (p <0.001), portal TGF (p <0.001) and acinar TGF (p <0.001). Among cases, significant positive correlations were found between the following markers and Ishak graded patterns: portal CD4+TL and periportal inflammation (p 0.004); acinar CD4+ and focal inflammation (p 0.017); acinar TGF and focal inflammation (p 0.016); portal IL1 and periportal inflammation (p 0.009) and IL8 in blood and fibrosis (p 0.036). The cellular populations were correlated to cytokines in liver of hepatitis C patients and there was significant positive correlation between: portal CD4+ and portal TNF (p 0.004); portal CD8+ TL and portal TGF (p 0,030); portal CD57+ and portal IL10 (p 0,008); acinar CD57+ and acinar TGF (p 0,040) and acinar IL2 (p 0,048); portal S100 and portal IL10 (p 0,014). No significant correlation was found between liver and serum cytokines in cases. Hepatitis C viremia was inversely correlated to acinar CD8+ TL (p 0.020); portal (p 0.049) and acinar IL2 (p 0.004). DISCUSSION: The command of the immune response in this casuistic was orchestrated by CD4+ TL and CD8+ T lymphocytes, with predominance of Th1 answer, and the main site where of the events ocurred was the portal space. The compartimentalization of immune response to HCV was evidenced by the absence of significant correlations between cytokines in hepatic tissue and blood from patients with chronic hepatitis C.

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Falk, Johannes [Verfasser], C. [Gutachter] Baerwald, O. [Gutachter] Liesenfeld, and T. [Gutachter] Kamradt. "D-Aminosäuren-substituierte Peptidepitope induzierten T-Zell-Toleranz in vivo / Johannes Falk ; Gutachter: C. Baerwald, O. Liesenfeld, T. Kamradt." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1207655589/34.

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Chen, Weimin. "Superconducting and normal-state properties of high-T[indice]c bismuth cuprates." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59940.pdf.

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Ioannou, Georgios. "On the nature of T-to-C movement in English wh-interrogatives." Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537931.

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Fairhead, Giles. "The interactions of Troponin T with Troponin C, Troponin I and Tropomyosin." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422010.

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Drandova, Gergana Ilieva. "NMR investigations in copper-oxide chain compounds and high-T(C) superconductors." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3031043.

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Mazocco, Fabricio José. "Política de C&T e comunicação: patentes como instrumento de divulgação." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/963.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:14:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5819.pdf: 3885469 bytes, checksum: 3fb114a3a81ab470987934eacac5a1c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24
Innovation is in the agenda of political discussions and in the goals of public and private institutions, as it is becoming one of the main elements in the Science and Technology policies (S&T). The State makes an effort to expand an innovative environment, resulting in a social and economic development of the country. The patent is one of the best known indicatives of innovation. In the case of Brazil, public universities are among the main patent depositors. On the other hand, public communication is having more and more attention in academic and state discussions, for forecasting the need of a kind of communication which promotes citizenship and stimulates dialogue among the agents. Therefore, this work has the objective of analyzing the relation between S&T policies and communication, having the patent as divulging instrument. As empirical analysis, public and private institutions shall be analyzed as for the construction of patenting information and its destination, based on the premisses of public communication of science and the political definitions of S&T.
A inovação está na agenda das discussões políticas e nos objetivos de instituições públicas e privadas, como também vem se tornando um dos elementos centrais na política de ciência e tecnologia (C&T). Há esforço por parte do Estado na expansão de um ambiente inovativo, resultando em um desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país. A patente é um dos indicadores mais conhecidos quando o assunto é inovação. No caso do Brasil, as universidades públicas estão entre as maiores depositantes de patentes. Por ouro lado, a comunicação pública vem cada vez mais ganhando espaço nas discussões acadêmicas e no âmbito do Estado por prever a necessidade de uma comunicação que promova a cidadania e estimule o diálogo entre os agentes. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre política de C&T e comunicação por meio da patente como instrumento de divulgação. Como análise empírica, serão analisadas instituições públicas e privadas no que tange à construção da informação patentária e seu destino, tendo em vista as premissas da comunicação pública da ciência e as definições das políticas de C&T.

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Bouayed, Anissa. "La Confédération générale du travail (C. G. T. ) et la guerre d'Algérie." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070018.

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Javel, Georges. "C. R. E. A. T. : conception, realisation et enchainement des applications transactionnelles." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30241.

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Cet ensemble se compose: - d'une demarche methodologique d'analyse, conception et de realisation d'une application transactionnelle. Partant du niveau conceptuel, cette demarche utilise les acquis dans le domaine des modeles de donnees et des modeles de traitement; - d'un logiciel qui permet d'aider l'utilisateur dans le parcours qu'il effectue dans les differents traitements d'une application transactionnelle. Ce parcours, souvent gere par le traitement de l'application, est ici gere par le logiciel.

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41

Štukavec, Karel. "Plynofikace olejového kotle v cukrovaru 65 t/h, 3,8 MPa, 450 °C." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231817.

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This masters thesis deals with the gasification of current oil boiler. The first part of the thesis describes the existing boiler. The next part follows gasification with respect for comply with the limits of NOX and recalculation of boiler for operation with the natural gas.

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Střecha, Josef. "Roštový kotel na spalování biomasy - 88 t/h; 9,6 MPa; 520 °C." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318641.

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This master's thesis deals with the design of stoker-fired boiler for combustion of biomass. The main points of work are stoichiometry calculation of combustion, determining the dew point of flue gas, calculation of losses, which ones serves for determination of boiler efficiency, dimension design and detail calculation of thermosetting surfaces. In the last chapter is numbered total balance and real thermal efficiency of boiler.

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Garrido, Pavez Rodrigo. "C+T+I+ES. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Innovación y Educación Superior." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130429.

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Ito, Kosei. "c-Jun stimulates origin-dependent DNA unwinding by polyomavirus large T antigen." Kyoto University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202211.

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Capots, L., R. Chitty, A. Ameti, and W. Mitchell. "Reliable Solid State Data Storage Device for Spacecraft T&C Subsystems." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615086.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1988 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada
Fairchild Space Company, a division of Fairchild Industries, has developed an advanced data recorder based exclusively on the use of Solid State circuitry for the recorder memory. This paper describes the recorder, its development, the engineering considerations for long-term mission life, methods for minimizing size, weight and power, and the flexibility of the recorder to accommodate a number of different mission requirements. Unlike the more traditional mass storage devices for spacecraft, which use rotating memory, the Solid State Recorder (SSR) uses a true random access memory. This feature has resulted in a multi-mode storage device, which can greatly reduce the complexity of spacecraft data systems. Today's spacecraft have large numbers of sensors and high rate instruments which are making the data flow problem much more difficult to handle. Bottle necks also referred to as "data fusion" have become a serious problem for systems engineers, for which the SSR may represent an effective solution. The paper concludes with a discussion of some system applications which illustrate the broad range of possible SSR applications, and the development status.

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Tellier, Julie. "Contrôle génétique du développement thymique des lymphocytes T régulateurs CD4+CD25+Foxp3+C." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/262/.

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Les lymphocytes T régulateurs CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ (Treg) constituent une population de cellules suppressives naturelles essentielle au maintien de la tolérance et à l'inhibition de l'inflammation. Ces cellules se différencient dans le thymus avec les lymphocytes T conventionnels à partir d'un précurseur commun. Cependant le mécanisme sous-tendant le choix de lignage entre lymphocyte effecteur et régulateur reste peu défini. Nous avons démontré que la proportion de Treg qui se développent au sein de la population de thymocytes CD4+CD8- est génétiquement contrôlée chez la Souris et varie de manière significative entre les souches. Nous avons pu préciser que les gènes responsables, exprimés par les cellules T, modulent quantitativement la génération du compartiment régulateur, et identifier un locus d'intérêt sur le chromosome 17. En nous intéressant à un modèle spontané d'auto-immunité, la souris NOD, nous avons établi qu'un fort pourcentage de Treg se différencie dans cette souche et que la région identifiée co-localisait avec un locus de susceptibilité au diabète, Idd16. La sélection thymique ne semble pas être impliquée, ce qui suggère un mécanisme lié au choix de lignage. L'étude de nouvelles lignées congéniques nous a permis de réduire la région d'intérêt et de nous rapprocher de l'identification du (des) gène(s) responsable(s)
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential to maintain self-tolerance and control inflammation. It is a natural population that develops in the thymus from CD4-CD8- cells like its conventional counterpart. However, fate decision made by CD4+ thymocytes between effector and regulatory lineage remains poorly understood. We showed that distinct proportions of Treg were found in thymi of common mouse strains and that a genetic control modulated quantitatively regulatory compartment generation. We demonstrated that it was a polygenic trait and identified a locus on chromosome 17. We next focused on the diabetes-prone NOD strain, and surprisingly found a high level of Treg among mature CD4+ thymocytes. Genetic control in this strain is dependent on a region that colocalizes with the diabetes susceptibility locus Idd16. Our preliminary results tend to show that thymic selection is not involved, which suggests a lineage commitment linked mechanism. Study of new congenic lines should help us to restrain our region of interest and our candidate gene number

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Höpfner, Marco. "Veränderungen des alpha-beta-T-Zell-Rezeptor-Repertoires der zytotoxischen T-Lymphozyten im peripheren Blut bei akuter Hepatitis C-Infektion." Ulm : Universität Ulm, Medizinische Fakultät, 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9918621.

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Pittendrigh, Scott Michael. "The religious perspective of T.C. Douglas social gospel theology and pragmatism." Ottawa : Library and Archives Canada, 1999. http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq30536.pdf.

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Porch, Adrian. "Microwave surface impedance of YBa₂Cu₃O₇." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283677.

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Wolski, David. "Integrative analysis of CD8 T-cell responses in the context of adaptive immunity to acute Hepatitis C virus infection." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ018/document.

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Le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) établit généralement une infection chronique. Néanmoins, environ 20% des sujets vont résoudre spontanément l’infection. Il existe des preuves solides que les cellules T CD8 sont essentielles au contrôle du VHC. Dans la première partie de ma thèse, nous avons identifié un nouveau marqueur de la dysfonction des lymphocytes T, CD39, comme étant régulé positivement au cours de l'infection chronique par le VHC, le VIH et dans un modèle d’infection chronique par LCMV. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons utilisé une approche d'analyse intégrative pour étudier la régulation transcriptionnelle des cellules T CD8 au cours de la phase aiguë de l'infection par le VHC. Nous avons identifié des changements précoces dans la régulation transcriptionelle d’importantes fonctions effectrices, de voies métaboliques et du nucléosome par les cellules T CD8 des patients souffrant d'une infection persistante. Certains de ces changements corrèlent avec l’absence des cellules T CD4 spécifiques du VHC et sont associés avec l’âge et le sexe du sujet infecté. Nos résultats suggèrent que la dysfonction des lymphocytes T CD8 au cours de l'infection par le VHC est liée à des événements précoces dans la régulation des gènes, non seulement amplifiés par une inflammation chronique et une absence des cellules T CD4 auxiliaires, mais qui pourraient également être influencés par des facteurs de l’hôte tels que l’âge et le sexe
Infection with Hepatitis C virus typically establishes chronic infection, but about 20% of subjects clear HCV spontaneously. There is strong evidence that functional CD8 T cells are critical for HCV control. In the first part of my thesis we identified a new marker for exhausted T cells, CD39, that we showed to be upregulated in chronic HCV infection, progressive HIV infection and in chronic infection with LCMV. In the second part we used an integrative analysis approach to study transcriptional regulation of CD8 T cells in the acute phase of HCV infection with different outcomes. We found early transcriptional changes in key immune effector pathways as well as metabolic and nucleosomal processes in CD8 T cells from patients with persistent infection. Some of these changes track with a lack of HCV-specific CD4 T cells exhibit associations with subject age and sex. Our findings suggest that CD8 T cell exhaustion in HCV infection is linked to early gene regulatory events that are not only amplified by chronic inflammation and a lack of CD4 help, but might also be influenced by disease-relevant host factors such as patient age and sex

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