Academic literature on the topic 'C-Life (Firm)'
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Journal articles on the topic "C-Life (Firm)"
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Perkins-Veazie, P., N. Roe, J. Lasswell, and J. McFarland. "Storage Life of a Midseason Peach Held at 5 °C." HortScience 32, no. 4 (July 1997): 598C—598. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.598c.
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Growers in north and central Texas produce peaches of exceptional size and quality yet have no information on the best maturity stage/storage regime for maximum shelf life. `Majestic' peaches were harvested at five maturity stages, corresponding to hard green through full red, soft ripeness. Intermittent warming and/or delayed warming reduces chilling injury in peaches and these treatments were used on hard green through firm red stages. Fruit were held 4 weeks at 5 °C, 85% RH continuously (control); 1 day at 20 °C followed by 4 weeks at 5 °C (DS); 4 weeks at 5 °C with 1 day warming at 20 °C every 2 weeks (IW). Chilling injury symptoms (internal browning) were noted on control and IW peaches after 2 weeks storage. We concluded that hard green peaches are too immature and red peaches at velvet and full soft stages are too soft (<20N flesh resistance) to ship. Chilling injury appeared in peaches after 2 weeks storage at 5 °C but could be avoided by delaying storage for 24 hours after harvest.
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Perkins-Veazie, Penelope, and John R. Clark. "EVALUATING A SIMPLE SYSTEM FOR BLACKBERRY SHELF LIFE." HortScience 40, no. 3 (June 2005): 894c—894. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.894c.
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The postharvest life of blackberries is shortened by decay, leakage, and softness. Shelf life is shortened after periods of rainfall, and often fruit that appear firm in the field soften rapidly in storage. Blackberry selections of interest for advanced selections from plants without fungicide application are routinely screened for shelf life at Lane by storing fruit at 5 °C for seven days. Blackberry varieties are increasingly being used for farmer's markets, national, and international markets. A rapid test to gauge shelf life of blackberry varieties new to growers would be useful in determining the best type of marketing. Ripe blackberries were harvested from Clarksville, Ark., and transported in 260 g plastic clamshells on ice (about 5 °C) to Lane, Okla. Berries were weighed upon arrival and placed at 5 or at 20 °C for 7 and 2 days, respectively. Overall ratings were considerably worse at 20 °C compared to 5 °C, often with decay on all fruit in clamshells held at 20 °C. Separate subsamples of berries, placed individually in egg cartons and held over water at 20 °C (a 99% relative humidity) yielded Rhizopus, Collectotricum, and Botrytis cinerea growth after 24 hours. Because 2 days at 20 °C proved to cause decay in blackberries too quickly, fruit will be held for 1 day at 20 °C in the next season.
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Alhassan, Abdul Latif, George Kojo Addisson, and Michael E. Asamoah. "Market structure, efficiency and profitability of insurance companies in Ghana." International Journal of Emerging Markets 10, no. 4 (September 21, 2015): 648–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-06-2014-0173.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the regulatory-driven market structure on firm pricing behaviour by testing the structure-conduct-performance (S-C-P) hypothesis for both life and non-life insurance markets in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach – Using a panel data on 14 life and 22 non-life insurers from 2007 to 2011, the authors employed the Herfindahl Hirschman Index and concentration ratio as proxies for the S-C-P hypothesis while efficiency scores were estimated using the data envelopment analysis technique to proxy for the efficient structure (ES) hypothesis. The dependent variable, profitability was measured as return on assets while controlling for size, underwriting risk, leverage, GDP growth rate and inflation. The models were estimated using the panel corrected standard errors of Beck and Katz (1995) and random effects estimations. Findings – The results from the empirical estimation provide ample evidence in support for ES hypothesis for both life and non-life insurance markets. While conflicting results was found for SCP hypothesis in the non-life insurance market, it was rejected in the life insurance market. The findings also point to an increasing level of competition in both life and non-life insurance industry in Ghana though they still remain concentrated with the life insurance sector having high levels of efficiency compared to the non-life sector. Practical implications – The findings of the study will enhance the understanding of firm behaviour in the new markets created to shape regulatory and competition policies of the regulator to promote consumer welfare while ensuring a stable industry to enhance its role in economic development. Originality/value – This is the first study to test the market power and efficient hypotheses on the insurance industry in Ghana. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first to examine the determinants of profitability in the non-life insurance market.
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Scott, J. W., and Elizabeth A. Baldwin. "923 PB 470 EFFECT OF HARVEST STAGE ON SOLIDS, ACIDS, FIRMNESS, AND SHELF-LIFE OF TOMATO." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 566d—566. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.566d.
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Fruit of 10 tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultigens, including five typical fresh market F1's, two rin/ + F1's, two very firm (ultrafirm) inbreds, and an antisense PG F1, were harvested at mature green, breaker, and table ripe stages of development, passed over a grader and taken to a lab (21°C) for analyses of soluble solids, titratable acidity and firmness at the table ripe stage. Shelf life was also measured. Cultigens varied in response to both solids and acids at the three harvest stages, thus there was no clear effect of harvest stage on these variables. The rin /+ F1's and ultrafirm inbreds were significantly firmer than the other cultigens at the table ripe and breaker stages. Shelf life tended to decrease with maturity at harvest. One rin /+ F1 had the greatest shelf life at all harvest stages. Ultrafirm and antisense PG cultigens had greater shelf life than the other six cultigens at the table ripe stage.
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Cvikic, Dejan, Jasmina Zdravkovic, Nenad Pavlovic, Sladjan Adzic, and Mladen Djordjevic. "Postharvest shelf life of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutanats (nor and rin) and their hybrids." Genetika 44, no. 3 (2012): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1203449c.
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Two tomato lines with normal maturation (NR-1 and NR-2) have been crossed with two mutant lines (NR-10 nor and NR-12 rin) with delayed maturation (shelf life). Determination of mutant genes has been done by ?2 test on 100 fruits from F2 generation. Fruits have been picked 65 days from antesis and kept for 60 days, when six evaluations have been done. Data have been collected every 10 days on parental lines and progeny F1 and F2 generation. Variance testing has been done on the basis of one- and two-factorial analysis and groups compared by contrasts. Fruits have been preserved in controlled conditions (in dark at 5?C). Tomato genotypes with nor or rin gene had desirable traits (delayed ripening, long shelf life and firm fruits) for modern selection, so they should be included in programmes aiming to create commercial F1 hybrids.
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Cheng, Mariah Mantsun. "Becoming Self-Employed: The Case of Japanese Men." Sociological Perspectives 40, no. 4 (December 1997): 581–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389464.
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From a dynamic, life course perspective, this study examines the determinants of nonfarm self-employment for Japanese men from around the 1930s to 1975. Using work histories in a national mobility survey, the author studied the propensity of becoming self-employed at labor force entry and in later career. Results suggest that (a) father's self-employment is important; but (b) family-employed status does not enhance one's chances; and (c) historical, economic conditions affect propensity significantly at the moment of labor force entrance. Tiny-firm workers are more likely to move into self-employment. Industrial sector and employment duration also affect one's taking nonfarm self-employment as a career option.
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Perkins-Veazie, P., and J. K. Collins. "High CO2 Storage Improves the Shelf Life of `Arapaho' and `Navaho' Blackberries." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 556C—556b. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.556c.
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Application of modified-atmosphere storage (MA) (high carbon dioxide and/or low oxygen) extends the shelf life of several fruits. This study was done to determine the effects of MA on quality and flavor of blackberries. `Navaho' and `Arapaho' blackberries were harvested in 1998 and 1999, precooled overnight at 2 °C, and placed in 0.5-L treatment jars. Treatments of 15% CO2/10% O2 or of air (0.03% CO2/21% O2) were applied at 2 °C for 3, 7, or 14 days. After treatment application, jars were held at 2 °C for an additional 11, 7, or 0 days, respectively. Seven and 14 days of application of CO2 reduced the incidence of decayed and leaky berries by 10% to 20% for both `Arapaho' and `Navaho', but firm berries decreased 10% after 14 days of treatment. Titratable acidity was slightly lower, and pH higher, in control fruit but soluble solids content was not affected by treatment. Anthocyanin content was not affected by treatment in `Arapaho' berries but was lower in `Navaho' berries after 7 and 14 days of treatment. Samples taken for taste tests after 3 and 7 days of treatment had no off-odors or off-flavors. `Arapaho' and `Navaho' blackberries benefitted from high CO2 storage, with a minimum of 7 days of treatment application needed to increase marketable berries by 10%.
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Jeong, Jiwon, Donald J. Huber, and Steven A. Sargent. "535 The Potential Benefits of 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for Regulating the Ripening and Extending the Storage Life of Avocados." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 538B—538. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.538b.
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Ethylene is integrally involved in the ripening of climacteric fruit. The ability to prevent ethylene action, or manipulate fruit sensitivity to ethylene, would provide a powerful means of extending postharvest storage life of these fruit, particularly for those that ripen rapidly and/or that are not tolerant of low-temperature storage. In this study, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene action, was used to investigate ripening, respiration, and ethylene production in avocado fruit. `Monroe' avocados were treated with 1-MCP (Ethylbloc®) for 24 h at 20 °C. The fruit were subsequently stored at 13 or 20 °C. Some fruit were exposed to 100 ppm ethylene at 13 and 20 °C before or after MCP treatment. As evaluated by flesh firmness, respiration rate, and ethylene evolution, 1-MCP completely inhibited the ripening of avocado fruit stored at 13 and 20 °C and 85% relative humidity. Ethylene evolution and respiration rates were dramatically depressed, greater than 95% and 52%, respectively, by 1-MCP. Whereas firmness of control fruit decreased from over 100 N to 10 N in as few as 7 days, fruit treated with 1-MCP remained firm (>45 N) for periods of up to 3 weeks at 13 °C. Treatment of avocado fruit with 100 ppm ethylene at 20 °C for 12 h did not overcome the influence of MCP treatment. Similarly, treatment with ethylene before MCP exposure did not circumvent the effects of the cyclic olefin on ripening. Current studies are addressing the effects of MCP concentration and exposure time on avocado ripening.
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Sindoni V., Maria J., and Frank B. Matta. "115 Performance of Various Apple Scion Cultivar/Rootstock Combinations and Postharvest Fruit Quality." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 408E—408. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.408e.
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Several cultivar/rootstock combinations were evaluated for overall performance in Mississippi. This study included postharvest fruit quality during storage as influenced by the various rootstocks. Parameters measured were fruit set, scion and stock trunk cross-sectional area, fire blight tolerance, fruit drop, and maturity indices such as fruit size, firmness, fresh fruit weight, soluble solids content, and juice pH. Cultivar/rootstock combinations were `Earligold'/EMLA 7, `Jonagold'/EMLA 111, `Improved Golden'/EMLA 7, `Improved Golden'/EMLA 111, `Scarlet Gala' /EMLA 7, `Jonafree'/Mark, `Macspur'/M 7A, `Royal Gala'/MM 111, and `Williams Pride'/M 7A. Cultivar and rootstock influenced fruit set. `Royal Gala', `Scarlet Gala', `Improved Golden', and `Earligold' showed maximum fruit set among the various cultivars. MM 111 and EMLA 7 rootstocks increased fruit set. Scion cultivars had the greatest trunk diameter on EMLA 111 and MM 111 and the smallest diameter on Mark. Scion cultivars on Mark and M 7A rootstocks showed less susceptibility to fire blight compared to MM 111 and EMLA 111. Cultivars on EMLA 7 showed moderate susceptibility to fire blight. Cultivars `Jonafree', `Williams Pride', `Macspur', and `Scarlet Gala' were least susceptible to fire blight compared to `Royal Gala'. The remaining cultivars were intermediate in susceptibility to fire blight. Fruit size, firmness, fresh fruit weight, soluble solids content, and juice pH were influenced by cultivar. `Jonagold' and `Williams Pride' produced the largest fruit, while `Jonafree' and `Macspur' yielded the smallest fruit. Total soluble solids were not influenced by cultivar and rootstock combinations. Sugar content of the juice increased as the apples matured and ranged from 12% to 14% among the cultivar/rootstock combinations. Firmness was influenced by cultivar but not rootstock. `Jonafree', `Macspur' had firm fruit, while fruit of `Scarlet Gala', `Williams Pride', and `Earligold' was not as firm. After harvest, the cultivars were stored at 2 °C for ≈4 months under controlled conditions and evaluated for soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, and firmness at monthly intervals. Overall, firmness, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity in all cultivars decreased with time in storage. `Improved Golden'/EMLA 7, `Royal Gala'/MM 111, and `Jonagold'/EMLA 111 maintained quality during storage, compared with the remaining cultivars/rootstock combinations, and had a longer storage life.
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DeLong, John M., Robert K. Prange, and Peter A. Harrison. "The Influence of 1-Methylcyclopropene on `Cortland' and `McIntosh' Apple Quality Following Long-term Storage." HortScience 39, no. 5 (August 2004): 1062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.5.1062.
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`Redcort Cortland' and `Redmax' and `Summerland McIntosh' apples (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) were treated with 900 nL·L-1 of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 24 hours at 20 °C before storage and were kept at 3 °C in either a controlled atmosphere (CA) of 2 kPa O2 and <2.5 kPa CO2 or in an air (RA) environment for up to 9 months. After 4.5 months, half of the fruit were treated with a second 900 nL·L-1 1-MCP application in air at 3 °C for 24 hours and then returned to RA or CA storage. At harvest and following removal at 3, 6, and 9 months and a 7-day shelf life at 20 °C, fruit firmness, titratable acidity (TA) and soluble solids content (SSC) were measured, while internal ethylene concentrations (IEC) in the apple core were quantified after 1 day at 20 °C. Upon storage removal and following a 21-day shelf life at 20 °C, disorder incidence was evaluated. 1-MCP-treated apples, particularly those held in CA-storage, were more firm and had lower IEC than untreated fruit. Higher TA levels were maintained with 1-MCP in all three strains from both storages, while SSC was not affected. Following the 6- and/or 9-month removals, 1-MCP suppressed superficial scald development in all strains and reduced core browning and senescent breakdown in RA-stored `Redmax' and `Summerland' and senescent breakdown in RA-stored `Redcort'. 1-MCP generally maintained the quality of `Cortland' and `McIntosh' fruit held in CA and RA environments (particularly the former) to a higher degree than untreated apples over the 9-month storage period. A second midstorage application of 1-MCP at 3 °C did not improve poststorage fruit quality above a single, prestorage treatment.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "C-Life (Firm)"
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Ng, Anthony Kwok-Lung. "Risk Assessment of Transformer Fire Protection in a Typical New Zealand High-Rise Building." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1223.
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Prescriptively, the requirement of fire safety protection systems for distribution substations is not provided in the compliance document for fire safety to the New Zealand Building Code. Therefore, the New Zealand Fire Service (NZFS) has proposed a list of fire safety protection requirements for distribution substations in a letter, dated 10th July 2002. A review by Nyman [1], has considered the fire safety requirements proposed by the NZFS and discussed the issues with a number of fire engineers over the last three years. Nyman concerned that one of the requirements regarding the four hour fire separation between the distribution substation and the interior spaces of the building may not be necessary when considering the risk exposure to the building occupants in different situations, such as the involvement of the sprinkler systems and the use of transformers with a lower fire hazard. Fire resistance rating (FRR) typically means the time duration for which passive fire protection system, such as fire barriers, fire walls and other fire rated building elements, can maintain its integrity, insulation and stability in a standard fire endurance test. Based on the literature review and discussions with industry experts, it is found that failure of the passive fire protection system in a real fire exposure could potentially occur earlier than the time indicated by the fire resistance rating derived from the standard test depending on the characteristics of the actual fire (heat release rate, fire load density and fire location) and the characteristics of the fire compartment (its geometric, ventilation conditions, opening definition, building services and equipment). Hence, it is known that a higher level of fire safety, such as 4 hour fire rated construction and use of sprinkler system, may significantly improve the fire risk to health of safety of occupants in the building; however, they could never eliminate the risk. This report presents a fire engineering Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) on a transformer fire initiating in a distribution substation inside a high-rise residential and commercial mixeduse building. It compares the fire safety protection requirements for distribution substations from the NZFS to other relevant documents worldwide: the regulatory standards in New Zealand, Australia and United States of America, as well as the non-regulatory guidelines from other stakeholders, such as electrical engineering organisation, insurance companies and electricity providers. This report also examines the characteristics of historical data for transformer fires in distribution substations both in New Zealand and United States of America buildings. Reliability of active fire safety protection systems, such as smoke detection systems and sprinkler systems is reviewed in this research. Based on the data analysis results, a fire risk estimate is determined using an Event Tree Analysis (ETA) for a total of 14 scenarios with different fire safety designs and transformer types for a distribution substation in a high-rise residential and commercial mixed-use building. In Scenario 1 to 10 scenarios, different combinations of fire safety systems are evaluated with the same type of transformer, Flammable liquid (mineral oil) insulated transformer. In Scenario 11 to Scenario 14, two particular fire safety designs are selected as a baseline for the analysis of transformer types. Two types of transformer with a low fire hazard are used to replace the flammable liquid (mineral oil) insulated transformer in a distribution substation. These are less flammable liquid (silicone oil) insulated transformers and dry type (dry air) transformers. The entire fire risk estimate is determined using the software package @Risk4.5. The results from the event tree analysis are used in the cost-benefit analysis. The cost-benefit ratios are measured based on the reduced fire risk exposures to the building occupants, with respect to the investment costs of the alternative cases, from its respective base case. The outcomes of the assessment show that the proposed four hour fire separation between the distribution substations and the interior spaces of the building, when no sprinkler systems are provided, is not considered to be the most cost-effective alternative to the life safety of occupants, where the cost-benefit ratio of this scenario is ranked fifth. The most cost-effective alternative is found to be the scenario with 30 minute fire separation and sprinkler system installed. In addition to the findings, replacing a flammable liquid insulated transformer with a less flammable liquid insulated transformer or a dry type transformer is generally considered to be economical alternatives. From the QRA analysis, it is concluded that 3 hour fire separation is considered to be appropriate for distribution substations, containing a flammable liquid insulated transformer and associated equipment, in non-sprinklered buildings. The fire ratings of the separation construction can be reduced to 30 minute FRR if sprinkler system is installed. This conclusion is also in agreement with the requirements of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
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HSIEH, HUI-TING, and 謝惠婷. "A Study on Customer Satisfaction for Mobile Services of Life Insurance Firm- The Case of Insurance Company C." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gcn73t.
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碩士逢甲大學
金融碩士在職學位學程
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To meet the wave of Digital Financial Technology, all business also has a heavy vision of E-Service. The Taiwan Life insurance also launched an activity insurance service in 2012, which different from the traditional paper book process, using table computer to help clients to insure and make a change of contract, payout and other business (the description of the Mobile Services. Let the insurance professional become the company’s action counter to help the customer convenience right away, a wide variety of service channels, but also to effectively enhance the efficiency of the company’s internal work and reduce the cost, the real enterprise sustainable business and good business community responsibility. In this study, the protection of Mobile Services by C insurance company was used as a test image, with the use of random way to develop the paper, get 471 valid questions, with SPSS software for the effective problem of the system analysis, and with Syrian, Piersen analysis, Reliability analysis, Variation analysis (ANOVA) and regression analysis. To explore the impact of customer convenience, perceived risk, service quality, customer engagement, experience value on the satisfaction of the customer, satisfaction with the implications of the business, the impact of the business image on behavior and the impact of business images on the line of influence. esearch results found: (1) there is a positive relationship between the quality of the service and the value of the experience and the satisfaction of the customer, it shows that C insurance company provides the experience and feeling of the quality and experience of the physical insurance service, and can also effectively enhance the satisfaction of the customer. (2) The positive relationship between the satisfaction of the customer and the intention of the bank shows that the customer is more satisfied with the active insurance service provided by the C insurance company, which can effectively enhance the intention of the re-use. (3) The image of the enterprise has a positive relationship with the intention, which shows that the good corporate image of the C insurance company will influence the wishes of the customer experience and insurance service.
Books on the topic "C-Life (Firm)"
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A Japanese company in crisis: Ideology, strategy, and narrative. New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
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1945-, Ungar Steven, ed. Popular front Paris and the poetics of culture. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2005.
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Virginia, Nicholson, and MacWeeney Alen, eds. Charleston: A Bloomsbury house and garden. London: Frances Lincoln, 1997.
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Andy, Warhol. Andy Warhol: Portraits & landscapes. London: Timothy Taylor Gallery, 2008.
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Andy, Warhol. Andy Warhol: Abstracto. [Valencia]: IVAM Centre Julio González, 1994.
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Andy, Warhol. Andy Warhol: Little electric chair paintings. New York: Stellan Holm Gallery, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "C-Life (Firm)"
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Dalla Valle, Anna. "Reshaping of AEC Firm Management to Face Environmental Sustainability." In Change Management Towards Life Cycle AE(C) Practice, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69981-9_1.
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Dalla Valle, Anna. "Insights into AEC Firms to Survey Environment-Driven Change Management." In Change Management Towards Life Cycle AE(C) Practice, 39–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69981-9_5.
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Andrew, Henderson. "Part I Introduction, 3 Islamic Financial Institutions." In Islamic Finance. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198725237.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses Islamic Finance Institutions (IFIs), which are established on the principle that there should be no separation between temporal and religious matters. Compliance with the Shari’a is in theory the governing law for all aspects of a practising Muslim's life, including financial and business transactions. Recognizing that, under the Shari’a, money does not have a time-value separate from the value of goods that are exchanged through the use of money, IFIs embrace the principle of sharing profit and loss and reject interest as a cost for accepting and lending money. Within these constraints, IFIs offer various services, including: (a) Islamic commercial banking; (b) Islamic wealth and asset management; (c) Islamic insurance; and (d) social services, where the IFI makes loans. In practice, a firm will offer Islamic financial services either as a full IFI, whereby its entire business is dedicated to offering Shari’a-compliant services and products, or through an ‘Islamic Window’, whereby a part of the firm's business is dedicated to offering Shari’a-compliant services and products. In either case, the firm will appoint a Shari’a Supervisory Board (SSB) entrusted with the duty of directing, reviewing, and supervising the firm's activities to ensure compliance with the Shari’a.
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Wetzel, Richard D. "Catholic Church Music in the Midwest Before The Civil War: The Firm of W. C. Peters & Sons." In American Musical Life in Context and Practice to 1865, 203–30. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429430565-7.
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Colbert, Dom. "The Returned Traveller." In MCQs in Travel Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199664528.003.0020.
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Respiratory illness, fever, diarrhoea, and dermatitis are the four most frequent medical problems in the returned traveller. Unexplained fever is the most urgent of these because febrile conditions such as malaria, meningitis, and typhoid can all deteriorate rapidly and become life-threatening. Respiratory infections are also very common and are often viral in origin. A persistent cough or a doubtful CXR warrants further investigation. Diarrhoea that persists may well be helminthic in origin with giardiasis high on the list. In cases already treated with antibiotics one must consider C. difficile infection while the unmasking of inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome is probably more common than supposed. Dermatitis is often due to exacerbation of an existing condition, e.g. psoriasis or eczema. Tropical-related dermatitis is most frequently due to infected arthropod bites. CLM is the main parasitic cause. Exanthems and enanthems occur in a variety of systemic conditions ranging from acute HIV to dengue fever to coxsackie infection. Rashes are seldom diagnostic unless the cause is obvious, e.g. scabies or typhoid (rose spots). In all cases the practitioner should adhere to a strict protocol that involves a good history, careful physical examination, and routine screening and microscopy of blood, urine, and stool. Simple X-rays and ultrasound examination may also be considered. In no case should the practitioner hesitate to refer the patient to a specialist physician. Nowadays computer-assisted diagnosis is becoming more popular and more reliable. The Kabisa Travel System, developed in Antwerp, has been shown to perform equally well with travel physicians in diagnosing the cause of fever in those returned from a tropical environment. Kabisa is the Swaili word for ‘hand in the fire, I am absolutely certain’!
Conference papers on the topic "C-Life (Firm)"
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Lee, Gary, Emerson Galacio, Romy Junio, Alex Magtibay, Elijah Griffiths, and Ohgeon Kwon. "Crude Furnace Floor Creep Assessment and Remaining Life Assessment due to Hot Spots." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21074.
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Abstract Fitness for Service (FFS) assessment and remaining life assessment of the furnace floor plates in a crude charge heater where hot spots up to 500°C have been observed during operation in 2018 was undertaken as a pre assessment prior to the unit turnaround. The remaining life assessment results would provide the turnaround team with firm scope for repair in order to resintate the bottom plate and avoid discovery scope. Two Finite Element (FE) models were created to account for hotspot temperature conditions measured at November 2018 and June 2019. Each of these FE models involved successive loading conditions, so that the effects of each loading scenario could be investigated. The loading conditions were applied in steps, in the following order: 1. Gravity. 2. Temperature, modelling hotspot behaviour. 3. Creep, viscoelastic analysis. Utilising the FE models created for the two hotspot conditions, remaining life was calculated and suggested that the worst location for creep damage is near burner 2 (the maximum creep damage location of the November 2018 condition). Based on the assessment, the following recommendations are made: 1. Continue to observe and maintain temperatures below the creep temperature range (i.e. no additional hotspots are created and temperatures are not increasing). 2. Undertake creep testing from metal samples. 3. Re-inspect in 8 years at the same locations where metallographic replication was performed in September 2019.
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Baba, Yasukazu, Hidekazu Suzuki, Yutaka Sakai, Denis Ling Teck Wei, Tsuneaki Ishima, and Tomio Obokata. "PIV/LIF measurements of oil film behavior on the piston in I. C. engine." In 8th International Conference on Engines for Automobiles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-24-0001.
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Kiflu, Bereket, and Steve J. Hensel. "Life Extension of the 9975 Package As a Storage Container: Thermal Analysis." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65054.
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The 9975 shipping package is used to store plutonium bearing material with a heat release of up to 19 Watts at the Department of Energy (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS). Individual 9975 packages have been used to store these materials for nearly 15 years. The 9975 package contains non-metallic components such as the elastomeric dual O-ring seals, used to ensure containment at the vessel closures, and a fiberboard over pack which provides impact and fire resistance to the containment vessels. These non-metallic components degrade during long term storage, particularly when higher heat generating contents are packaged. Degraded fiberboard properties result in higher peak internal 9975 package material temperatures during a fire accident event. The thermal performance of the 9975 shipping package was evaluated for a sequential accident consisting of a fire and drop which locally ruptures the outer drum. The package is exposed to an off-normal 58.3°C (137°F) ambient temperature prior to being fully engulfed in a fire for 1.5 hours at 815.6°C (1500°F). Subsequently the fiberboard smolders for 1.0 hour at 760°C (1400°F) at the location of drum rupture, followed by cool down to the ambient temperature. The thermal evaluation considered both the beginning-of-life (as-designed) condition and after 20 years of service as a plutonium material storage container. The results of the evaluation demonstrate that the 9975 shipping package maintains containment during initial and after 20 years of service. The maximum Primary Containment Vessel dual O-ring temperatures during the facility fire-drop-smoldering accident are 163.9°C (327°F) and 186.1°C (367°F) for beginning of life and after 20 years of service, respectively, which are within the allowable accident temperature limit of 204.4°C (400°F). Thus, the 9975 shipping package meets its intended function to provide containment.
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Cruces-Reséndez, R., B. Hernández-Morales, and J. E. V. Guzmán. "Flow Effects on the Transient Behavior of Vapor Film and Bubbles During Forced-Convective Quenching Experiments." In HT2021. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2021p0293.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The transient behavior of boiling phenomena during quenching of an AISI 304 stainless steel, conical-end, cylindrical probe in flowing water at 60 °C was studied. Two free-stream velocities (0.2 and 0.6 m/s) and two initial probe temperatures (850 and 950 °C) were investigated. From high-speed video recordings, undulations of the liquid vapor interface that appear periodically and propagate in the direction of the flow stream were observed during the vapor film stage. After the collapse of the vapor film, a wetting front is formed which consists of many small bubbles that coalesce rapidly in a small area while fewer and larger bubbles nucleate and grow below it. The initial temperature has a marginal effect on the size and half-life of the large bubbles. However, the water flow rate produces larger values of maximum diameter and half-life time for water flowing at 0.2 m/s than their equivalents for 0.6 m/s.
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Shmatov, Alexander A. "Low-Temperature and High-Temperature Thermochemical Hardening Technologies for Hard Alloys." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95092.
Full textAbstract:
The new surface hardening methods for hard alloys are developed: (1) high-temperature process for producing multicomponent carbide coatings by thermochemical heat treatment of hard alloys at 1050 °C and (2) low-temperature process for producing thin-film coatings by chemical treatment of hard alloys in specially prepared aqueous suspensions of nanosized hard refractory compounds and subsequent tempering (minimal temperature is 130°C). The structure and properties of the obtained coatings are examined. The coatings permit improving substantially the service life of cutting tools.
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Krishnan, Vaidyanathan, Sanjeev Bharani, J. S. Kapat, Y. H. Sohn, and V. H. Desai. "Prediction of Low Temperature Hot Corrosion Rate in Film Cooled Coal Fired Gas Turbines." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41541.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of coal based gas turbine power plants has drawn considerable interest in recent years. Coal or syngas based power plants like IGCC have shown significant potential for meeting the ever-increasing power demands as well as stricter environmental regulations. The trouble free operational life of such power plants is limited by a major factor namely hot corrosion of the turbine components. Hitherto, the mechanism of hot corrosion has been investigated in a simpler context, which is not directly applicable to gas turbines in the presence of film cooling techniques. The present paper is an attempt to model hot corrosion in the presence of film cooling relevant to gas turbines, using a simple resistance model and the inherent analogy between heat and mass transfer. This paper considers film cooling air temperatures in the range of 450°C to 550°C, and a free stream gas temperature of 1425°C, with 0.5% sulfur in the fuel. For lower cooling air temperatures (less than 500°C), film cooling air suppresses corrosion, whereas for higher cooling air temperature corrosion rate is more in the presence of film cooling. With film cooling, there is a sharp peak in corrosion rate close to the cooling hole (within 10 slot widths). Due to the possibility that the base superalloy may be exposed in this region, designers should consider the high corrosion rate seriously. However, the present model is limited in its prediction because of its simplicity. Further improvement of the model is essential for optimization purposes.
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Zhang, Huijun, and Chengjun Qiu. "Characterization of a Micropump Actuated by Ternary TiNiCu Shape Memory Thin Films." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21321.
Full textAbstract:
Thin film SMAs have the potential to became a primary actuating mechanism for micropumps. In this study, a micropump driven by TiNiCu shape memory thin film is designed and fabricated. The micropump is composed of a TiNiCu/Si bimorph driving membrane, a pump chamber and two inlet and outlet check valves. The thickness, surface morphology and phase transformation property of TiNiCu film have been characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimeters (DSC). Driving capacity of TiNiCu/Si biomorphic driving membrane has been investigated. The film surface shows a smooth and featureless morphology without any cracks, and the hysteresis width ΔT of TiNiCu film is about 10 °C. By using the recoverable force of TiNiCu thin film, the actuation diaphragm realizes reciprocating motion effectively. Experimental results show that the micropump driving by TiNiCu film has good performance, such as high working frequency, stable driving capacity, and long fatigue life time.
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Yu, Huisheng, Shuqing Duan, and Ming Li. "TEM Sample Preparation Methods for MEMS Floating Structure Analysis." In ISTFA 2014. ASM International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2014p0515.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The MEMS structure has its particular character like hollow areas inside, and “floating” structures. Traditional TEM sample preparation method usually leads to distortion and dissociation defects of the floating structure. This paper introduces two innovative practical methods of TEM sample preparation using focused ion beam (FIB) for MEMS floating structure analysis. Method 1 used glass needle to lift out the separated film onto glue coated blank wafer; method 2 used in situ pick up system to lift out L- or C-shaped cut film onto TEM half-grid. And then the sample can be applied to normal TEM membrane preparation procedure.
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Yanagisawa, M., M. Kunimoto, and T. Homma. "Life Estimation of Carbon Overcoat on Magnetic Media for Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording Using Novel Raman Spectroscopy." In ASME 2016 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2016-9513.
Full textAbstract:
A heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is expected for a future high density recording of a hard disk drive. However, a carbon overcoat (COC) composed of diamond-like carbon (DLC) or a lubricant film is possibly damaged when a magnetic medium, i.e. CoPt alloy, is heated at around Curie temperature (Tc) of 600K by a near-field HAMR head. We carried out HAMR simulation experiments by using newly developed Raman spectroscopic systems, composed of plasmonic sensors for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a pulsed laser heating, and an in-situ temperature measurement with an intensity ratio of anti-Stokes/Stokes lines. It was found that the heated temperature of the COC is higher than that of the magnetic film, i.e., 580 °C and 366 °C, respectively. Intensity changes of G-band peak in Raman spectra for DLC films were observed during the pulsed laser heating. The Raman intensity was exponentially decreased by oxidation in air, where time constants were calculated as a parameter of a pulse width. Degradation life of the DLC film can be estimated from a critical pulse width, where the time constant is extrapolated to zero. The estimated pulse width for no degradation was 250μs at the heating temperature of 580 °C. The result shows no damage can be estimated in DLC films for HAMR because the effective irradiation time is 5ns and the accumulated irradiation time is 0.5ms in HAMR operations.
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Murata, Naokazu, Naoki Saito, Kinji Tamakawa, Ken Suzuki, and Hideo Miura. "Micro Texture Dependence of Both the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Electroplated Copper Thin Films Used for Interconnection." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37279.
Full textAbstract:
Both mechanical and electrical properties of electroplated copper thin films were investigated experimentally with respect to changes in their micro texture. Clear recrystallization was observed after the annealing even at low temperature of about 150°C. The fracture strain of the film annealed at 400°C increased from the initial value of about 3% to 15%, and at the same time, the yield stress of the annealed film decreased from about 270 MPa to 90 MPa. In addition, it was found that there were two fatigue fracture modes in the film annealed at the temperatures lower than 200°C. One was a typical ductile fracture mode with plastic deformation and the other was brittle one. When the brittle fracture occurred, the crack propagated along weak or porous grain boundaries which remained in the film after electroplating. The brittle fracture mode disappeared after the annealing at 400°C. These results clearly indicated that the mechanical properties of electroplated copper thin films vary drastically depending on their micro texture. Next, the electrical reliability of electroplated copper thin film interconnections was discussed. The interconnections used for electromigration (EM) tests were made by damascene process. The width of the interconnections was varied from 1 μm to 10 μm. An abrupt fracture mode due to local fusion appeared in the as-electroplated films within a few hours during the test. Since the fracture rate increased linearly with the increase of square of the applied current density, this fracture mode was dominated by local Joule heating. It seemed that the local resistance of the film increased due to the porous grain boundaries and thus, the local temperature around the porous grain boundaries increased drastically. On the other hand, the life of the interconnections annealed at 400°C was improved significantly. This was because of the increase of the average grain size and the improvement of the quality of grain boundaries in the annealed films. The electrical properties of the electroplated copper films were also dominated by their micro texture. However, the stress migration occurred in the interconnections after the annealing at 400°C. This was because of the high residual tensile stress caused by the constraint of the densification of the films by the surrounding oxide film in the interconnection structures during the annealing. Finally, electroplating condition was controlled to improve the electrical properties. Both the resistance of electromigration and electrical resistivity were improved significantly. However, electromigration of copper atoms still occurred at the interface between the electroplated copper and the thin tantalum (Ta) layer sputtered as base material. Therefore, it is very important to control the crystallographic quality of electroplated copper films and the interface between different materials for improving the reliability of thin film interconnections.