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Journal articles on the topic 'C5F10O/N2/O2 gas mixture'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Li, Yalong, Xiaoxing Zhang, Yalong Xia, et al. "Study on the Compatibility of Eco-Friendly Insulating Gas C5F10O/N2 and C5F10O/Air with Copper Materials in Gas-Insulated Switchgears." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010197.

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Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is widely used in the power industry because of its excellent insulation and arc extinguishing performance. However, the high greenhouse effect of this material is being restricted by many countries around the world, thereby discouraging its usage. As a potential alternative to SF6, the compatibility of C5F10O with conductive copper materials used in electrical equipment is of great significance in ensuring the safe and stable operation of environmentally friendly gas-insulated equipment. In this paper, the interaction among C5F10O/N2, C5F10O/air gas mixture, and copp

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Nechmi, Houssem Eddine, Michail Michelarakis, Abderrahmane (Manu) Haddad, and Gordon Wilson. "Clarifications on the Behavior of Alternative Gases to SF6 in Divergent Electric Field Distributions under AC Voltage." Energies 14, no. 4 (2021): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041065.

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Negative and positive partial discharge inception voltages and breakdown measurements are reported in a needle-plane electrode system as a function of pressure under AC voltage for natural gases (N2, CO2, and O2/CO2), pure NovecTM gases (C4F7N and C5F10O) and NovecTM in different natural gas admixtures. For compressed 4% C4F7N–96% CO2 and 6% C5F10O–12% O2–82% CO2 gas mixtures, the positive-streamer mode is identified as the breakdown mechanism. Breakdown and negative partial discharge inception voltages of 6% C5F10O–12% O2–82% CO2 are higher than those of 4% C4F7N–96% CO2. At 8.8 bar abs, the

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3

Zhang, Yue, Xiaoxing Zhang, Yi Li, et al. "Effect of oxygen on power frequency breakdown voltage and decomposition characteristics of the C5F10O/N2/O2 gas mixture." RSC Advances 9, no. 33 (2019): 18963–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra03275d.

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C<sub>5</sub>F<sub>10</sub>O gas mixture is a SF<sub>6</sub> potential substitute with high insulation strength and is a new type of environmentally friendly insulating gas. By adding oxygen to C<sub>5</sub>F<sub>10</sub>O gas mixture, insulation strength can be improved and carbon deposition can be suppressed.

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K. R., Sowmya, and Ravi Prasad D. "Studies on Different Dielectric Properties of Different Insulating Gases and Gas Mixtures as an Alternative to SF6 -Review." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science X, no. VI (2025): 1068–76. https://doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2025.10060079.

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SF6 gas is considered as one of the most noxious kinds of atmospheric greenhouse gases with global warming potential (GWP) 23,500[10] times higher than that of CO2 and shelf life of 3200 years in the atmosphere. With threat of global climate change, policy makers all over the world have made regulations which promote renewable energy technologies. Developing countries including India are increasingly emphasising the need to rapidly restructuring of their energy system. A replacement for SF6 has been in testing and development for over a decade and have come up with different combination of gas

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She, Congdong, Fuping Zeng, Liangjun Dai, Long Li, Qiang Yao, and Ju Tang. "Degradation Behaviors and Mechanism of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Caused by Insulating Medium C5F10O." Polymers 15, no. 10 (2023): 2282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102282.

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C5F10O is a promising insulating medium in the manufacturing of environmentally friendly gas-insulated switchgears (GISs). The fact that it is not known whether it is compatible with sealing materials used in GISs limits its application. In this paper, the deterioration behaviors and mechanism of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) after prolonged exposure to C5F10O are studied. The influence of C5F10O/N2 mixture on the deterioration process of NBR is analyzed through a thermal accelerated ageing experiment. The interaction mechanism between C5F10O and NBR is considered based on microscopic detecti

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Liu, Wei Long, Shu Huei Hsieh, and Wen Jauh Chen. "Manufacture and Characterization of TiO₂ Nanowires by CVD." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 697–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.697.

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Under the catalysis of Co metal, the nanosized titania could be grown on Ti substrate at elevated temperature under a gas mixture of N2, O2, CH4 , and H2O. The nanosized titania was characterized by scanning electron microscope for its morphology, and by an energy dispersion spectrometer for its composition. The results showed that the straight and long titania nanowire could be formed at 900°C under a gas mixture of N2, O2, and CH4. When H2O vapor was added to the gas mixture, the titania nanowire became somewhat curved. The tiania nanowire was oxygen deficient, i.e. TiO2-X.

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Wu, King Kung, and Wen Chung Chang. "High-Quality Polysilicon Thin Film Recrystallization by Laser Annealing." Advanced Materials Research 382 (November 2011): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.382.26.

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Amorphous silicon (a:Si) recrystalized to poly-silicon (poly:Si) in different gas environments by excimer laser annealing (ELA) is studied. Variations of threshold laser power for the generation of surface ablation in pure N2 gas and the mixture of N2:98% and O2:2% environments are also investigated, respectively. From experiments, it is found the combination of N2:98% and O2:2% gas can enhance the threshold laser power from 320mJ/cm2 to 390mJ/cm2 for the suppressing of surface ablation phenomenon. In the condition of average grain over 0.25um, the process window (i.e. laser power for processi

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Chen, F. J., A. S. Menon, S. V. Lichtenstein, N. Zamel, and A. S. Slutsky. "Mechanisms of gas exchange with different gases during constant-flow ventilation." Journal of Applied Physiology 68, no. 1 (1990): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.68.1.88.

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To investigate the mechanisms responsible for the difference in gas exchange during constant-flow ventilation (CFV) when using gases with different physical properties, we used mixtures of 70% N2-30% O2 (N2-O2) and 70% He-30% O2 (He-O2) as the insufflating gases in 12 dogs. All dogs but one had higher arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) with He-O2 compared with N2-O2. At a flow of 0.37 +/- 0.12 l/s, the mean PaCO2's with N2-O2 and He-O2 were 41.3 +/- 13.9 and 53.7 +/- 20.3 Torr, respectively (P less than 0.01); at a flow rate of 0.84 +/- 0.17 l/s, the mean PaCO2's were 29.1 +/- 11.3 and 35.3 +/- 13.6 Torr,

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Pramanik, B. K., Somlal Das, K. Subrata Pr, and A. Hatta. "Effect of Rare Gas Admixture on N2 /O2 Gas Mixture Discharge." Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 5, no. 5 (2010): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jeasci.2010.347.353.

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Pramanik, Bimal Kumar, and AKM Akhtar Hossain. "UV Emission from N2/O2 Pulse Microwave Plasma." Rajshahi University Journal of Science 38 (October 10, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujs.v38i0.16543.

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The emission spectrum from pulse microwave discharge of N2/O2 gas mixture in the UV range (from 200 400 nm) was studied in a cylindrical quartz tube aiming to apply it as a mercury free UV light source. The UV light in the 200-280 nm range has germicidal effect which can be used for water purification. In our previous work we used continuous microwave power to produce UV emission from N2/O2 discharge. In the present work we used pulse microwave power instead of continuous microwave power. We studied the dependence of pulse width and pulse interval on the intensity of the UV emission from N2/

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Chen, Gao Cheng, Li Ming He, Bing Bing Zhao, et al. "Effects of Working Medium Gases on Emission Spectral and Temperature Characteristics of a Plasma Igniter." Journal of Spectroscopy 2019 (August 29, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5395914.

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Ar, N2, O2, and N2-O2 mixture under different O2 components were separately used as the working medium gas of a plasma igniter to study the influence of working-medium-gas type and O2 concentration on emission spectral and temperature characteristics of a direct-current arc plasma igniter. The emission spectra of the plasma jet were also analyzed using the optical emission spectroscopy method, and the influence rule of working medium gas and O2 concentration on electron temperature and vibrational temperature of the plasma jet was calculated and analyzed. The experimental results show that the

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12

Oyama, K. I., M. Shimoyama, J. Y. Liu, and C. Z. Cheng. "Possible interaction between thermal electrons and vibrationally excited N<sub>2</sub> in the lower E-region." Annales Geophysicae 29, no. 3 (2011): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-583-2011.

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Abstract. As one of the tasks to find the energy source(s) of thermal electrons, which elevate(s) electron temperature higher than neutral temperature in the lower ionosphere E-region, energy distribution function of thermal electron was measured with a sounding rocket at the heights of 93–131 km by the applying second harmonic method. The energy distribution function showed a clear hump at the energy of ~0.4 eV. In order to find the reason of the hump, we conducted laboratory experiment. We studied difference of the energy distribution functions of electrons in thermal energy range, which wer

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13

Joyce, C. J., A. B. Baker, and R. R. Kennedy. "Gas uptake from an unventilated area of lung: computer model of absorption atelectasis." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 3 (1993): 1107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.3.1107.

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A computer model of gas uptake from an area of nonventilated lung, such as a pulmonary lobe with an occluded bronchus or an alveolus with an occluded airway, is presented. Previous analyses have assumed that when an inert gas is present, equilibration of O2 and CO2 with mixed venous blood is sufficiently rapid to be treated as instantaneous. This is valid for insoluble gases such as N2 or He when the fractional concentration of inspired O2 (FIO2) is < or = 0.6 but is invalid for a relatively soluble gas such as N2O. When a mixture of O2 and an inert gas is breathed, the time for an area of

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14

Hsu, Jin-Cherng, Yung-Hsin Lin, and Paul W. Wang. "X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Analysis of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2 Films Prepared by Reactive-Ion-Beam Sputtering with Various NH3/O2 Gas Mixture Ratios." Coatings 10, no. 1 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010047.

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Nitrogen-doped TiO2 films were prepared by reactive ion-beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) in a mixed atmosphere of NH3 and O2 at a substrate temperature of 400 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectra revealed the presence of six ions, i.e., N3−, N2−, N1−, N+, N2+, and N3+, respectively, in the films. The amorphous films had complex, randomly oriented chemical bonds. The Tauc–Lorentz model was employed to determine the bandgap energy of the amorphous films prepared using different NH3/O2 gas mixing ratios by ellipsometry. In addition, the optical constants of the films were measured. With the increase

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15

Xiao, Song, Shuangshuang Tian, Xiaoxing Zhang, et al. "The Influence of O2 on Decomposition Characteristics of c-C4F8/N2 Environmental Friendly Insulating Gas." Processes 6, no. 10 (2018): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6100174.

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The c-C4F8 gas is considered to have great potential as a gaseous medium for gas-insulated equipment, due to its good insulation properties and its relatively low greenhouse gas potential (GWP) relative to SF6. However, the decomposition is an important indicator of its use in equipment. In this paper, the decomposition characteristics of c-C4F8 and the influence by oxygen have been explored through experiments and theoretical calculations. Firstly, the breakdown test of mixed gas was carried out and the precipitated elements of the electrodes and breakdown products of gas mixture were analyze

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16

Xiao, Dezhi, Cheng Cheng, Jie Shen, et al. "Characteristics of atmospheric-pressure non-thermal N2 and N2/O2 gas mixture plasma jet." Journal of Applied Physics 115, no. 3 (2014): 033303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4862304.

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17

Malvin, G. M., and M. P. Hlastala. "Effects of lung volume and O2 and CO2 content on cutaneous gas exchange in frogs." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 251, no. 5 (1986): R941—R946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1986.251.5.r941.

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The effects of lung O2 and CO2 content and volume on cutaneous gas exchange and perfusion were investigated in the frog, Rana pipiens. (Ha)-anesthetized frogs were equilibrated with 9.5% Freon-22 (Fr, chlorodifluoromethane) and 1.1% Ha. Cutaneous elimination of Fr, Ha, and CO2 into a small sample chamber on the abdomen was measured with a mass spectrometer. Introducing an air mixture into the lung decreased cutaneous Fr, Ha, and CO2 elimination. Lung inflation with an O2 mixture decreased cutaneous gas elimination more than with the air mixture. Inflation with a N2 mixture had no effect. The r

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18

Sinha, Nidhi, Mi-Young Song, Hyonu Chang, et al. "Electron Impact Cross Sections and Transport Studies of C3F6O." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (2023): 12612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312612.

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Electron impact scattering from C3F6O is studied in this work. The R-matrix method was used for the calculations of elastic, momentum transfer, and excitation cross sections. The attachment cross section was obtained through a parametric estimator based on the R-matrix outputs. The Binary-Encounter-Bethe (BEB) method was used for computing the ionization cross section. The obtained cross section set was used for the transport studies using the BOLSIG+ code, which is a two-term Boltzmann equation solver. The present calculation was performed for steady-state Townsend experimental conditions for

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19

Moreno Fernández, Harol, Marco Zangrando, Guillaume Sauthier, Alejandro R. Goñi, Vincent Carlino, and Eric Pellegrin. "Towards chemically neutral carbon cleaning processes: plasma cleaning of Ni, Rh and Al reflective optical coatings and thin Al filters for free-electron lasers and synchrotron beamline applications." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 6 (2018): 1642–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518014017.

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The choice of a reflective optical coating or filter material has to be adapted to the intended field of application. This is mainly determined by the required photon energy range or by the required reflection angle. Among various materials, nickel and rhodium are common materials used as reflective coatings for (soft) X-ray mirrors. Similarly, aluminium is one of the most commonly used materials for extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray transmission filters. However, both of these types of optics are subject to carbon contamination, which can be increasingly problematic for the operation of the

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20

RUIZ-CAPILLAS, CLAUDIA, and ANTONIO MORAL. "Formation of Biogenic Amines in Bulk-Stored Chilled Hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) Packed under Atmospheres." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 7 (2001): 1045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.7.1045.

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The production of biogenic amines in the lots of whole hake stored bulk under a controlled or modified atmosphere for 12 days with the gas mixture 40% CO2:40% O2:20% N2 and after packing in trays under a modified atmosphere in the same mixture of gases or with air was studied. Results indicated a close relation between the development of trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) and the sensory parameters gill appearance and odor but not with the general appearance of the skin and eyes. These results were related to changes observed in the concentration of gases (CO2 and O2) during storage containers an

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Čížek, Milan. "Reduction of nitrogen oxide by ammonia. Oxidation state of V2O5/Al2O3 catalysts and reaction mechanism." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 55, no. 10 (1990): 2390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19902390.

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When the (NO + NH3 + O2) reaction is carried out over V2O5/Al2O3, the catalysts are partially reduced, and prereduced catalysts are oxidized by the reaction mixture at a slower rate than by an O2 + N2 mixture. The degree of catalyst reduction in the (NO + NH3 + O2) reaction depends on the gas phase composition and particularly on the vanadium loading of the catalyst. The initial oxidation state of catalyst has an effect on the catalyst activity for the reaction. Rate-determining reduction and oxidation steps of the so-called reduction-oxidation mechanism are proposed on the basis of a comparis

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22

Hu, Xuechao, and Junhui Dong. "Regeneration Mechanism of Sulfur Absorption Via Samarium-doped Cerium Adsorbents in the Gas Atmosphere of O2/N2." Materials 13, no. 5 (2020): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051225.

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Sulfides existing in many high-temperature gas mixtures have a negative effect on various industrial applications. Ce-based adsorbents are becoming a hotspot in the high-temperature desulfurization process owing to their excellent thermal stability at high temperatures and regeneration capacity. In this study, we investigate the regeneration path of samarium-doped cerium (SDC) sorbent at high temperature. The SDC adsorbent showed a good sulfur removal ability and excellent regeneration capacity. Ce2O2S and Ce(SO4)2 are observed in the used adsorbent, and Ce2O2S is the main sulfur-containing sp

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23

Wu, Eugene Y., Khalid W. Barazanji, and Robert L. Johnson. "Sources of error ina- aD O 2 calculated from blood stored in plastic and glass syringes." Journal of Applied Physiology 82, no. 1 (1997): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.82.1.196.

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Wu, Eugene Y., Khalid W. Barazanji, and Robert L. Johnson, Jr. Sources of error in a-aDO2 calculated from blood stored in plastic and glass syringes. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(1): 196–202, 1997.—We studied the effects of time delay on blood gases, pH, and base excess in blood stored in glass and plastic syringes on ice and the effects of resulting errors on calculated alveolar-to-arterial [Formula: see text] difference (a-[Formula: see text]). Matched samples of dog whole blood were tonometered with gas mixtures of 5% CO2-12% O2-83% N2 ( mixture A), 10% CO2-5% O2-85% N2 ( mixture B), and 2.88% CO2-

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Esposito, Elisa, Irene Mazzei, Marcello Monteleone, et al. "Highly Permeable Matrimid®/PIM-EA(H2)-TB Blend Membrane for Gas Separation." Polymers 11, no. 1 (2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010046.

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The effect on the gas transport properties of Matrimid®5218 of blending with the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-EA(H2)-TB was studied by pure and mixed gas permeation measurements. Membranes of the two neat polymers and their 50/50 wt % blend were prepared by solution casting from a dilute solution in dichloromethane. The pure gas permeability and diffusion coefficients of H2, He, O2, N2, CO2 and CH4 were determined by the time lag method in a traditional fixed volume gas permeation setup. Mixed gas permeability measurements with a 35/65 vol % CO2/CH4 mixture and a 15/85 vol % CO2/N2 m

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Palharini, Maria Cecília de Arruda, Angelo Pedro Jacomino, Ana Luíza Pinheiro, Marcos José Trevisan, and Claire Isabel Grígoli de Luca Sarantópoulos. "Dynamics of gas levels inside packages containing minimally processed Pera orange." Food Science and Technology 32, no. 4 (2012): 742–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612012005000100.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in concentrations of O2 and CO2 inside packages of minimally processed Pera orange. Previously selected oranges that were washed, sanitized, and chilled were peeled using hydrothermal treatment (immersion of fruits in water at 50 °C for 8 minutes). The peeled oranges were then packed in five different plastic packages under passive and active modified atmosphere (5% O2 + 10% CO2 + 85% N2). The fruits were stored at 6 °C and 12 °C. The package headspace gas composition was evaluated for twelve days at 6 °C and nine days at 12 °C. The polypro

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26

Nie, Masaki, Hirosuke Kobayashi, Motoaki Sugawara, Tomoyuki Tomita, Kuniyoshi Ohara, and Hirokuni Yoshimura. "Helium inhalation enhances vasodilator effect of inhaled nitric oxide on pulmonary vessels in hypoxic dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 280, no. 4 (2001): H1875—H1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.4.h1875.

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There are theoretical and experimental indications that the presence of He as a balance gas markedly increase the diffusion velocity of other gases contained in a gas mixture. We allowed dogs with pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by hypoxia to inhale a mixture of 5 parts per million (ppm) of nitric oxide (NO) and O2 balanced with He (NO in He) instead of N2 (NO in N2). The dilating effect of NO in He and NO in N2 on the pulmonary artery was evaluated by determining conventional pulmonary hemodynamic parameters, mean pulmonary artery (PA) pressure (MPAP), and pulmonary vascular resistance ind

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27

Komarov, Ivan, Daria Kharlamova, Bulat Makhmutov, Sofia Shabalova, and Ilya Kaplanovich. "Natural Gas-Oxygen Combustion in a Super-Critical Carbon Dioxide Gas Turbine Combustor." E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801027.

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The paper presents results for chemical kinetics of combustion process in the combustor of oxy-fuel cycle super-critical carbon dioxide gas turbine based on the Allam thermodynamic cycle. The work shows deviation of the normal flame propagation velocity for the case of transition from the traditional natural gas combustion in the N2 diluent environment to the combustion at super-high pressure up to 300 bar in CO2 diluent. The chemical kinetics parametric study involved the Chemkin code with the GRI-Mesh 3.0 kinetic mechanism. This mechanism provides good correspondence between calculation resu

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Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Azeman Mustafa, and Kang Li. "THE EFFECT OF TYPE ZEOLITE ON THE GAS TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF POLYIMIDE-BASED MIXED MATRIX MEMBRANES." Reaktor 12, no. 2 (2008): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.12.2.68-77.

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The permeation rates of O2, N2, CO2 and CH4 has been studied for polyimide-polyethersulfone (PI/PES) blends-zeolite mixed matrix membranes synthesized in our laboratory. The study investigated the effect of zeolite loading and different zeolite type on the gas separation performance of these mixed matrix membranes. Frequency shifts and absorption intensity changes in the FTIR spectra of the PI/PES blends as compared with those of the pure polymers indicate that there is a mixing of polymer blends at the molecular level. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements of pure and PI/PES blends m

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Li, Mei, Xiang Yu Zhao, Wei Shao, Chuan Bao Ma, Rui Xue Zheng, and Ya Dong Chen. "Thermal Stability of an Epoxy Adhesive." Advanced Materials Research 1053 (October 2014): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1053.257.

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An epoxy adhesive and its curing agent are tested using differential scaning calorimetry under different atmospheres and after different exposure times to natural air to analyze its thermal properties. The results show that after the pure epoxy, the curing agent and the adhesive mixture of them are exposed in natural air for different period of time, all show different levels of decline in thermal stability and more complicated reactions when tested in the DSC and TGA in O2 and air, while the thermal properties remain stable when they are tested in an inert gas like N2. And according to the me

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Galakhova, Anastasiia, and Gisbert Riess. "Fast gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the detection of gas phase composition of polyurethane foam and its role in foam thermal conductivity." Journal of Cellular Plastics 56, no. 5 (2020): 531–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x20912206.

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This paper presents an enhanced gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the separation of cell gases in polyurethane foam. The novel method was then tested on several polyurethane foams produced at different mixing times, showing successful results. The measurement of gas content in polyurethane foams has been rarely considered in published literature. This parameter, indeed, plays a critical role in the deterioration of polyurethane foam thermal conductivity. This is because of the diffusion of gases which is the main mechanism of foam aging. Hence, an improved gas chromatography–mass

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Badmaev, S. D., N. O. Akhmetov, A. A. Pechenkin, V. A. Sobyanin та V. N. Parmon. "Low temperature partial oxidation of dimethyl ether to hydrogen-rich gas over CuO-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts for fuel cell feeding". Доклады Академии наук 487, № 4 (2019): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524874396-400.

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The promise of СuO-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) to hydrogen-rich gas for fuel cell feeding was demonstrated. The catalysts provided complete conversion of DME to hydrogen-rich gas with low (≤ 0,8 vol.%) CH4 content and Н2 productivity ~3,1 l/(gcat · h) at 350 °C under ambient pressure using a reaction mixture (molar ratio): DME : O2 : N2 = 1 : 1 : 4 (DME : air = 1 : 5) at a flow rate 7 l/(gcat · h).

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Calzada, Adrià, Francesc Viñes, and Pablo Gamallo. "Selective O2/N2 Separation Using Grazyne Membranes: A Computational Approach Combining Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics." Nanomaterials 14, no. 24 (2024): 2053. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14242053.

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The separation of oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) from air is a process of utmost importance nowadays, as both species are vital for numerous fundamental processes essential for our development. Membranes designed for their selective molecule separation have become the materials of choice for researchers, primarily due to their ease of use. The present study proposes grazynes, 2D carbon-based materials consisting of sp and sp2 C atoms, as suitable membranes for separating O2 and N2 from air. By combining static density functional theory (DFT) calculations with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations

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Шумов, И. В., В. В. Антонова, Е. А. Боева, В. Т. Долгих, and О. А. Гребенчиков. "NEUROPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF KRYPTON IN PHOTO-INDUCED CEREBRAL INFARCTION IN RATS." Vestnik SurGU. Meditsina 16, no. 3 (2023): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35266/2304-9448-2023-3-89-96.

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The study aims to assess the effect of a two-hour inhalation with a krypton and oxygen mixture following the photo-induced cerebral infarction simulation on the manifestation of neurological deficits and the degree of brain injury in rats. The tests were conducted on male Wistar rats weighting 250 to 300 g (n = 20). Following photo-induced cerebral infarction simulation, the rodents underwent inhalation with a nitrogen and oxygen mixture N2 70%/O2 30% (group Nitrogen; n = 10) or a krypton and oxygen gas mixture Kr 70%/O2 30% (group Krypton; n = 10) for two hours. For the next 14 days, the rats

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Yang, Suo, Praise Noah Johnson, and Taaresh Sanjeev Taneja. "(Invited) Plasma-Assisted Ammonia Combustion and Flare Gas Reforming to Enhance Reactivity and Control Emission." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 20 (2023): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01201496mtgabs.

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Increasing emphasis on the de-carbonization of energy production has led researchers to consider carbon-free, renewable, and green fuels such as hydrogen (H2) and ammonia (NH3). While H2 suffers from the major challenges of production difficulties, transportation, and storage, NH3 is plagued with challenges of low flame speeds causing unstable flames, high autoignition temperatures resulting in longer ignition delays, narrow flammability limits, and higher levels of NOx emission. Among the different solutions to overcome these challenges of NH3 combustion, non-equilibrium plasma-based igniters

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Yang, Ming, Veena M. Bhopale, and Stephen R. Thom. "Separating the roles of nitrogen and oxygen in high pressure-induced blood-borne microparticle elevations, neutrophil activation, and vascular injury in mice." Journal of Applied Physiology 119, no. 3 (2015): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00384.2015.

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An elevation in levels of circulating microparticles (MPs) due to high air pressure exposure and the associated inflammatory changes and vascular injury that occur with it may be due to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that these responses arise due to elevated partial pressures of N2 and not because of high-pressure O2. A comparison was made among high-pressure air, normoxic high-pressure N2, and high-pressure O2 in causing an elevation in circulating annexin V-positive MPs, neutrophil activation, and vascular injury by assessing the leakage of high-molecular-weight dextran in a murine model

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Cheng, Chuchu, Fangjie Xu, Wenwen Shi, Qiaoyun Wang, and Caijin Huang. "Photocatalysis: A Possible Vital Contributor to the Evolution of the Prebiotic Atmosphere and the Warming of the Early Earth." Catalysts 13, no. 9 (2023): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13091310.

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The evolution of the early atmosphere was driven by changes in its chemical composition, which involved the formation of some critical gases. In this study, we demonstrate that nitrous oxide (N2O) can be produced from Miller’s early atmosphere (a mixture of CH4, NH3, H2, and H2O) by way of photocatalysis. Both NH3 and H2O were indispensable for the production of N2O by photocatalysis. Different conditions related to seawater and reaction temperature are also explored. N2O has a strong greenhouse gas effect, which is more able to warm the Earth than other gases and offers a reasonable explanati

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Li, Xiao Hua, Xing Wei, Yi Xi Cai, Wen He Han, and Kang Hua Li. "Experimental Study on NO Pre-Oxidation in C₃H₆/NO/N₂/O₂ Mixture by Non-Thermal Plasma." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.590.

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By using self-designed non-thermal plasma reactor, the influences of discharge power, initial concentration of C3H6 and O2 concentration on NO pro-oxidation in C3H6/NO/N2/O2 mixture were studied. The obtained results indicate that with the increasing of discharge power, NO2/NOx ratio grows firstly and then decreases after reaching a peak value, while NOx conversion efficiency and N2O concentration gradually rise. Increasing initial concentration of C3H6 or O2 concentration would help to enhance NO oxidation efficiency. With the same discharge power, NOx conversion efficiency grows with the inc

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Su, Yiru, Siyao Liu, and Xuechao Gao. "Impact of Impure Gas on CO2 Capture from Flue Gas Using Carbon Nanotubes: A Molecular Simulation Study." Molecules 27, no. 5 (2022): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051627.

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We used a grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation to study the influence of impurities including water vapor, SO2, and O2 in the flue gas on the adsorption of CO2/N2 mixture in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carboxyl doped CNT arrays. In the presence of single impure gas, SO2 yielded the most inhibitions on CO2 adsorption, while the influence of water only occurred at low pressure limit (0.1 bar), where a one-dimensional chain of hydrogen-bonded molecules was formed. Further, O2 was found to hardly affect the adsorption and separation of CO2. With three impurities in flue gas, SO2 still played a m

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Huszczuk, A., BJ Whipp, and K. Wasserman. "A respiratory gas exchange simulator for routine calibration in metabolic studies." European Respiratory Journal 3, no. 4 (1990): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.03040465.

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We have developed a method for simulating respiratory gas exchange for on-line calibration of metabolic measurement systems. It utilizes a pump which intakes a mixture of atmospheric air and a known flow of precision-analysed calibration gas (21% CO2, 79% N2). It expels the resulting mixture with flow wave form and profiles of gas concentration which closely resemble those of normal expiration. Control of the calibration mixture's inflow allows the investigator to set any desired metabolic rate regardless of the minute ventilatory rate. This separation of metabolic from ventilatory rates provi

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Nowicki, P. T., N. B. Hansen, J. R. Hayes, J. A. Menke, and R. R. Miller. "Intestinal blood flow and O2 uptake during hypoxemia in the newborn piglet." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 251, no. 1 (1986): G19—G24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1986.251.1.g19.

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Previous work has indicated that the neonatal intestinal circulation responds to hypoxemia with vasoconstriction and subsequent intestinal ischemia. This work was carried out in newborn lambs, a ruminant species, and may not be representative of all newborns. Therefore, we measured intestinal blood flow, vascular resistance, tissue O2 uptake, and cardiac output during normoxemia and varying degrees of hypoxemia in newborn piglets, a nonruminant species. Hypoxemia was induced by adding N2 gas to the inspired gas mixture, and measurements were obtained over a wide range of arterial O2 contents (

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Takahashi, Akihiko, and Kiyoto Nishijima. "Numerical Analysis of Electrical Breakdown Induced by Laser Irradiation in N2/O2 Gas Mixture." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 34, Part 1, No. 5A (1995): 2471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.34.2471.

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KAMBARA, S., R. KURIYAMA, T. OSAKABE, and K. YUKIMURA. "Hydrogen oxidation in H2/O2/N2 gas mixture by pulsed DBD at atmospheric pressure." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33, no. 22 (2008): 6792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.07.024.

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Ikpe, A. E., and I. B. Owunna. "A 3D modelling of the in-cylinder combustion dynamics of two stroke internal combustion engine in its service condition." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 1 (2020): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i1.18.

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In this study, a two stroke internal combustion engine was successfully modeled as a closed cycle with the intake, compression, expansion and exhaust processes considered in two strokes of the reciprocating piston. The in-cylinder combusted gases with respect to air-fuel mixture of 14.4:1 in the two stroke engine model were analyzed, showing the dynamics of the combusted gases, the flame pressure and temperature trajectories. It was observed that provided compression and expansion takes place at air-fuel mixture near ideal condition (14.7:1), the combusted gas temperature which occurred in the

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Marco de Lucas, María del Carmen, Franck Torrent, Gianni-Paolo Pillon, Pascal Berger, and Luc Lavisse. "Seeking the Oxidation Mechanism of Debris in the Fretting Wear of Titanium Functionalized by Surface Laser Treatments." Coatings 13, no. 6 (2023): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061110.

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Surface laser treatment (SLT) using nanosecond IR lasers has been shown to improve the tribological behaviour of titanium. Here, we studied the fretting wear of SLT-functionalized pure titanium in a mixture of reactive gases O2 (20 vol.%) + N2 (80 vol.%). The contact geometry was a ball on a plane and the ball was made of bearing steel. The very small amplitude of relative displacement between reciprocating parts in fretting wear makes the evacuation of wear particles difficult. Moreover, the oxidation mechanism of the debris depends on the accessibility of the surrounding atmosphere to the tr

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Lee, W. H., J. G. Lee, and P. J. Reucroft. "XPS study of carbon fiber surfaces treated by thermal oxidation in a gas mixture of O2/(O2+N2)." Applied Surface Science 171, no. 1-2 (2001): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(00)00558-4.

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Qadir, Salman, Muhammad Ahsan, and Arshad Hussain. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of a Hollow Fiber Membrane Module for Binary Gas Mixture." Gases 3, no. 2 (2023): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gases3020005.

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The membrane gas separation process has gained significant attention using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. This study considered the CFD method to find gas concentration profiles in a hollow fiber membrane (HFM) module to separate the binary gas mixture. The membrane was considered with a fiber thickness where each component’s mass fluxes could be obtained based on the local partial pressures, solubility, diffusion, and the membrane’s selectivity. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to solve the numerical solution at corresponding operating conditions and results were compared to ex

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Talviste, Rasmus, Kalev Erme, Peeter Paris, Jüri Raud, Toomas Plank, and Indrek Jõgi. "Effective ionization coefficient in mixtures of Ar and O₂ determined using the Townsend discharge." AIP Advances 12, no. 10 (2022): 105213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098014.

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Precise knowledge of the fundamental ionization properties of gases, such as the effective ionization coefficient, is crucial for discharges in mixtures of Ar:O2, which are significant for a wide range of plasma applications. This study determined the effective ionization coefficient in electronegative gas mixtures of Ar:O2 in the pressure range of 10–800 Torr and reduced electric field strength E/ N range of 40–1200 Td utilizing a steady-state non-self-sustaining Townsend discharge. The reduced effective ionization coefficient α e/ N increased with E/ N and decreased with increasing O2 conten

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Eves, Neil D., Stewart R. Petersen, and Richard L. Jones. "Effects of Helium and 40% O2 on Graded Exercise With Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 28, no. 6 (2003): 910–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h03-065.

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Maximal exercise performance is decreased when breathing from a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), owing to a ventilatory limitation imposed by the increased expiratory resistance. To test the hypothesis that decreasing the density of the breathing gas would improve maximal exercise performance, we studied 15 men during four graded exercise tests with the SCBA. Participants breathed a different gas mixture during each test: normoxia (NOX; 21% O2, 79% N2), hyperoxia (HOX; 40% O2, 60% N2), normoxic helium (HE-OX; 21% O2, 79% He), and hyperoxic helium (HE-HOX; 40% O2, 60% He). Compared to

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Wang, Yong, Danqing Huang, Jing Liu, Yaru Zhang, and Lian Zeng. "Alternative Environmentally Friendly Insulating Gases for SF6." Processes 7, no. 4 (2019): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7040216.

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Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) shows excellent insulation performance as an insulating gas. It is suitable for various climate conditions due to its low boiling point (−64 °C). Therefore, it has been widely used in power grid equipment. However, its global warming potential (GWP) is 23,500 times higher than that of CO2. Thus, it is imperative to find an environmentally friendly insulating gas with excellent insulation performance, lower GWP, and which is harmless to equipment and workers to replace SF6. In this review, four possible alternatives, including perfluorocarbons, trifluoroiodomethane, pe

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Kekul, Ozan. "Optimization of combustion and emission characteristics of coke oven gas doped ammonia/air mixture by colorless distributed combustion (CDC) technology." International Journal of Energy Studies 10, no. 2 (2025): 367–91. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1654845.

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This study’s motivation is to reduce the NO emissions of ammonia/air mixture, whose NO emissions are promoted by coke oven gas (COG) addition, by implementing the CDC technology. Within this scope, the effects of the CDC technology on the termal and emission characteristics of the COG/ammonia/air mixture were numerically investigated under the non-premixed combustion conditions. In order to perform a detailed investigation, the simulations were performed for the different operating conditions where the oxidizer inlet temperature (300 K or 600 K) and diluent type (N2 and CO2) were varied. Under

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