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Journal articles on the topic 'C7 Vertebra'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Proks, Pavel, Trude Maria Johansen, Ivana Nývltová, Dominik Komenda, Hana Černochová, and Massimo Vignoli. "Vertebral Formulae and Congenital Vertebral Anomalies in Guinea Pigs: A Retrospective Radiographic Study." Animals 11, no. 3 (2021): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030589.

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The objectives of this retrospective study of 240 guinea pigs (148 females and 92 males) were to determine the prevalence of different vertebral formulae and the type and anatomical localization of congenital vertebral anomalies (CVA). Radiographs of the cervical (C), thoracic (Th), lumbar (L), sacral (S), and caudal (Cd) part of the vertebral column were reviewed. Morphology and number of vertebrae in each segment of the vertebral column and type and localization of CVA were recorded. In 210/240 guinea pigs (87.50%) with normal vertebral morphology, nine vertebral formulae were found with con

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Siedlecki, Zygmunt, Kajetan Hadzik, Jakub Woźniak, Emilia Główczewska-Siedlecka, and Maciej Śniegocki. "Surgically Treated Fracture of the C7 Vertebra with Hangman’s Fracture Morphology in a 59-Year-Old Patient – Case Report." Journal of Neurological and Neurosurgical Nursing 14, no. 1 (2025): 43–46. https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2025.14.1.6.

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Introduction. Hangman’s fractures are a rare type of cervical spine injury, usually involving the C2 vertebra. However, in exceptional cases, they can affect other cervical vertebrae, including C7. Aim. In this paper, we present a case of an atypical fracture of the C7 vertebra with hangman’s fracture morphology and describe its surgical treatment. Case Report. We present the case of a 59-year-old male with a fracture of the C7 vertebra with a morphology resembling that of a hangman’s fracture, which typically occurs at the C2 vertebra. Hangman’s fractures most often result from hyperextension

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TUFAN, Azmi, and Murat CEL. "ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF FREE HAND C7 PEDICLE SCREWS IN POSTERIOR CERVICAL FIXATION." Annals of Medical Research 30, no. 8 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/annalsmedres.2023.06.142.

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Objective: Lateral mass screws are widely used for cervical vertebra fixation. The lateral mass of the C7 vertebra is small in volume. Therefore, the potential risks of biomechanical failure of screws applied to lateral masses makes the pedicle screw a better option for the C7 level. Although cervical pedicle screw application is thought to be a difficult and risky procedure in terms of neurovascular injury, it is actually a very safe method since the a.vertebralis does not pass through the C7 vertebra. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the technical details and screw accuracy of free hand p

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Zubov, Alexander D., Alexandra A. Berezhnaya, Larisa N. Antonova, and Andrey A. Zubov. "ULTRASOUND FEATURES OF CERVICAL SPINE IN HEALTHY PEOPLE." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 26, no. 2 (2019): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2019-26-2-42-49.

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Aim. In this research, we aimed to study echographic characteristics and normal sizes of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs of the cervical region in healthy individuals.Materials and methods. On the material of 45 healthy volunteers, normal echographic characteristics of the cervical spine were studied using Toshiba Aplio 500 and Toshiba Aplio XG (Japan) scanners equipped with 3.5–5.0 MHz convex sensors and 7.5–12.0 MHz linear sensors.Results. It is found that ultrasound examination from the anterior-lateral access to the right and left allows the C3–C7 vertebral body surfaces facing the

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Rakesh Ranjan, Md. Zahid Hussain, Soni Kumari, Vijay Kumar Singh, and Rashmi Prasad. "The morphology and incidence of the accessory foramen transversarium in human dried cervical vertebrae as well as their clinical significance in the Eastern Indian population." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 13, no. 8 (2022): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i8.43777.

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Background: A characteristic feature of the cervical vertebrae (C1–C7) is the presence of a foramen tranversarium on the transverse process. The cervical vertebrae are the smallest in size as compared to the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and are characterized by a foramen in each transverse process, which is not found in any other vertebra. Except for the seventh cervical vertebra, which transmits only the vertebral vein, this foramen transmits the vertebral artery, vein, and sympathetic nerves (a branch from the cervicothoracic ganglion) in all cervical vertebrae. Any deviation in the develop

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Baral, Yadu nath, Shrawan Kumar Thapa, Rudra Prasad Marasini, et al. "Morphometric Study of Sub Axial Cervical Spine Pedicles in Nepalese Population." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 20, no. 3 (2023): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v20i3.4282.

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Background: Mal-positioning of cervical screws risks neurovascular injury so, it is necessary to understand cervical pedicle morphology for pedicle screw fixation in the region. The risks of pedicle screw insertion in the cervical spine can be mitigated by a three-dimensional appreciation of pedicle anatomy. The study aims to determine the morphology of the sub axial cervical spine pedicles in Nepalese Population based on computerized tomography. Methods: A cross-sectional study using computerized tomography scans of the spine was made among the randomly selected 87 patients who had visited Na

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Dhakal, Arun, P. Adhikari, N. Ranjit, and D. Budhathoki. "Morphometry of Dry Sub Axial Vertebra: A Nepalese Study." Nepal Medical College Journal 23, no. 1 (2021): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v23i1.36228.

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There is paucity in literature describing the morphology of sub-axial vertebra of the local population. Available studies are limited to the body, intervertebral disk, spinal canal and Torg’s ratio of the cervical vertebra. Therefore, the present study aims to document various morphological parameters of sub axial vertebra. Sixty-four dry sub-axial vertebrae of the Nepalese population were studied using Vernier Calipers calibrated to 0.1 mm accuracy. Paired parameters of pedicle, lamina, uncinate process, the distance of the apex of the uncinate process to intervertebral foramen and foramen tr

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M, Lalit, Piplani S, and Piplani N. "Exploring the Anatomical and Clinical Perspectives of the Vertebra Prominens (C7)." Journal of Human Anatomy 8, no. 1 (2024): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.23880/jhua-16000207.

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The vertebra prominens is unique for its palpable prominence at the dorsum of the neck that serves as a key landmark in both clinical examinations and surgical procedures. Anatomical and morphometric aspects of the vertebra prominens also play a very important role in degenerative, traumatic and neoplastic diseases of the cervical spine and also as a reference point in surgery. This e-book “Exploring the Anatomical and Clinical Perspectives of the Vertebra Prominens” provides an in-depth analysis of its morphological and morphometric components. Dry bone specimens were utilized to measure vert

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9

Uygur, Saygi, Irmak Tekeli Barut, Efekan Doruk, et al. "Subaxial Cervical Vertebra Pedicle Anatomy: A Radiological Morphometric Study." Neurological Sciences and Neurophysiology 42, no. 2 (2025): 40–47. https://doi.org/10.4103/nsn.nsn_158_24.

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ABSTRACT Aim: This radiological morphometric study aimed to investigate the morphometry of the pedicles of subaxial cervical vertebrae (C3–C7) and emphasize the importance of preoperative planning to prevent complications during spinal surgery. Materials and Methods: Computed tomography scans of the subaxial cervical vertebrae of 40 patients without cervical pathology were morphometrically evaluated. Key parameters such as pedicle height, pedicle width, pedicle length, pedicle axial angle, pedicle sagittal angle, and vertebral foramen diameter were measured at each vertebral level (C3–C7). Sta

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Vialle, Emiliano, Luis Herrera, Luiz Roberto Vialle, and Luis Gomes. "FREE-HAND PLACEMENT OF C7 PEDICLE SCREWS: A CADAVERIC STUDY." Coluna/Columna 14, no. 4 (2015): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120151404152743.

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Objective : To evaluate the accuracy of free-hand pedicle screws placement at the seventh cervical vertebra. Methods : The authors have exposed the cervicothoracic junction of 9 adult cadavers (7 male and 2 female) preserved in formalin from the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez, city of Juliaca, Puno - Peru, locating the C7 vertebra based on anatomical parameters. According to previous publications, the entry point for the C7 pedicle was determined as 3-4mm lateral and 5-6mm superior to the center of the lateral mass, and the pedicle was drilled manually a

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ÖZANDAÇ POLAT, Sema, Mahmut OKSÜZLER, Fatma Yasemin ÖKSÜZLER, and Pınar GÖKER. "Radiological and anatomical evaluation of the cervical spinal cord, spinal canal, and intervertebral disc morphometry in healthy adults." Cukurova Medical Journal 48, no. 4 (2023): 1310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1367418.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the normal values of the cervical spinal cord, spinal canal, and intervertebral disc morphometry of healthy subjects in this study  Materials and Methods: Cervical magnetic resonance imaging of 83 healthy subjects were examined retrospectively. The anterior and posterior height of each cervical vertebra body, anterior and posterior height of each intervertebral disc between C3-T1, and spinal canal and cord diameters were measured. Additionally, the height ratios of the cervical vertebra body and intervertebral disc were calculated. Resu

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Satish, Kumar Harioudh, Gopal Tailor Krishna, V. Motagi Manjunath, Kumar L. Sarda Swapnil, and Rishi Prisha. "A Study of Presence of Accessory Foramina Transversaria in Dry Human Cervical Vertebrae." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 7 (2024): 1358–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13207270.

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<strong>Introduction</strong><strong>:</strong> Unique feature of cervical vertebra is the presence of foramen transversaria, which is present in the transverse process of the vertebra and transmits vertebral vessels and autonomic nerves. However sometimes there may be presence of accessory foramen usually seen behind the foramen transversaria knows as accessory foramen transversaria (AFT). The present study was aimed to find out the incidence of (AFT) and to study the morphometry of Accessory Foramina Transversaria in dry human cervical vertebrae. <strong>Methodology</strong><strong

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Jang, Gi Wuk, and Sung Hyun Noh. "Gorham-Stout Disease in a Middle-Aged Patient Treated by Posterior Lateral Fusion: A Case Report and Literature Review." Nerve 7, no. 2 (2021): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21129/nerve.2021.7.2.106.

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Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare progressive osteolytic disease with intraosseous lymphangiomatosis. A previously healthy 55-year-old woman presented with left leg hypoesthesia and upper back pain. k pain, back pain, and bilateral shoulder pain. In radiologic examination, there was an osteolytic lesion in T3, 4, 5, 6 vertebra. And a dislocation in the T3/4 vertebrae and a compression fracture in the T4 vertebra were founded. She was treated with posterolateral fusion (PLF) from C7 to T7. For 1 year, she had no specific symptoms but a new osteolytic lesion was found on thoracic T8 on 1 year

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Mridul, Tripathi, Kumar Sudele Dilip, and R. Choudhary Gunwant. "Study of Foramen Transversarium: A Morphological Variation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 12 (2024): 178–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14591349.

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<strong>Background:</strong> Foramen transversarium (FT) is the special foramen located on the cervical vertebrae’s left and right transverse processes (C1 to C7) containing the vertebral vessels and sympathetic plexus.<sup>1-3</sup> It is an important and noticeable feature of the cervical vertebrae that occupies the sympathetic fibers, vertebral vein (VV), and vertebral artery (VA). Foramen transversarium gives passage to vertebral artery, vertebral vein and sympathetic plexus from inferior cervical ganglion while C7 vertebra transmits only the vein. The vertebrae of the cerv

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Chaurasiya, A. K., Anil Dawar, Rajneesh Gour, and Kunal Vaidya. "Morphological study of cervical spinal body and vertebral body anatomy: CT scan based." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 5 (2021): 1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20211824.

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Background: The morphometery of the cervical spine vertebra is of clinical importance in traumatic, degenerative and inflammatory condition requiring surgery and instrumentation. The aim of this study was to determine the mid-sagittal, AP Transverse diameter, AP diameter of cervical vertebral body, surface area of canal and torg ratio at level C2 –C7.Methods: Study was performed in the department of general surgery, GMC and Hamidia Hospital Bhopal from January 2016 - June 2020 in 300 patients with clinically apparent cervical spondylosis and cervical spine injury belongs to central India of ag

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Ngankam, L., A. M. Fomin, A. B. Mikhalchuk, and E. V. Guseva. "Efficacy of spinal fusion in treatment of splintered fracture of the C6 vertebral body with spinal cord compression in an adolescent (case history)." Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery), no. 11 (November 27, 2023): 891–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2311-04.

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Fractures and dislocation fractures of C5‑Th1 vertebrae account for about 70 % of all spinal injuries. The article describes a case history of the successful treatment of the fractured C6 vertebra by means of spinal fusion with an autogenous bone. The SCT (spiral computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), performed for diagnostic purposes, showed a splintered fracture of the C6 vertebra with spinal cord compression and mild spinal cord swelling. The clinical picture indicated acute pain in the cervical spine, quadriplegia, and functional disorder of the pelvic organs caused by

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Neary, Casey P., William W. Bush, Deena M. Tiches, Amy C. Durham, and Patrick R. Gavin. "Synovial Myxoma in the Vertebral Column of a Dog: MRI Description and Surgical Removal." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 50, no. 3 (2014): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-5992.

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A 12 yr old castrated male mixed-breed dog presented with a 2 wk history of progressive tetraparesis. Neurologic deficits included a short-strided choppy gait in the thoracic limbs and a long-strided proprioceptive ataxia in the pelvic limbs. Withdrawal reflexes were decreased bilaterally in the thoracic limbs. Signs were consistent with a myelopathy of the caudal cervical/cranial thoracic spinal cord (i.e., the sixth cervical [C] vertebra to the second thoracic [T] vertebra). A mass associated with the C6–C7 articular facet on the left side was identified on MRI of the cervical spinal cord. T

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Jonathan, Ssebuggwawo, Wani Muzeyi, Erem Geoffrey, Waiswa Gonzaga, Ssekitooleko Badru, and Kajja Isaac. "Pedicle Morphometry of Subaxial Cervical Spine Using Computed Tomography Scans among Adult Ugandan Subpopulation." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2022 (March 1, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6351465.

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Background. Accurate placement of pedicle screws in the subaxial cervical spine requires precise understanding of vertebra anatomy. Little is known about the morphometric characteristics of the subaxial cervical pedicle in the Ugandan population. The objective of the study was to determine the morphometric dimensions of pedicles in the subaxial cervical spine among the adult Ugandan population. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study from March to November 2019 among adult Ugandans with a normal cervical CT scan at Nsambya hospital in Kampala. Eligible participants were consecutively rec

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Kung, Joseph S., William T. Tran, Ian Poon, et al. "Evaluation of the Efficacy of Rotational Corrections for Standard-Fractionation Head and Neck Image-Guided Radiotherapy." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 18 (January 1, 2019): 153303381985382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033819853824.

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Purpose: Modern linear accelerators are equipped with cone beam computed tomography and robotic couches that can correct for errors in the translational (X, Y, Z) and rotational (α, β, γ) axes prior to treatment delivery. Here, we compared the positional accuracy of 2 cone beam registration approaches: (1) employing translational shifts only in 3 degrees of freedom (X, Y, Z), versus; (2) using translational-rotational shifts in 6 degrees of freedom (X, Y, Z, α, β, γ). Methods: This retrospective study examined 140 interfraction cone beam images from 20 patients with head and neck cancer treate

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Gwachha, Sunita, and Birendra Raj Joshi. "Measurement of Space Available for Cord of Cervical Spine in MRI." Nepalese Journal of Radiology 12, no. 1 (2022): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v12i1.46795.

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Introduction: Cervical spinal stenosis has been established as a predisposing factor of cervical myelopathy and is associated with cord injury. Space available for the cord (SAC) can be used as an indicator of spinal stenosis. Methods: This study was performed on patients referred for MRI examinations of the cervical spine for various clinical indications to a tertiary centre in Nepal. Data were collected for a period of four months from January to April after IRB approval. Convenience sampling was employed and a total of 72 examinations were included. Data were obtained from the 1.5T Ma

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Moshkin, A. S., V. N. Nikolenko, and M. A. Khalilov. "The width of the cervical vertebral bodies and transverse foramina with regard to the course of vertebral arteries and degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine." Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2024): 51–64. https://doi.org/10.31549/2542-1174-2024-8-4-51-64.

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Introduction. The cervical spine has a high mobility and is prone to the development of degenerative and dystrophic changes (DDCH). Expanding the range of clinical diagnostic capabilities requires the active development of algorithms for specialized information analysis tools. Data on individual variability of the skeleton are in demand when planning minimal invasive surgical interventions. The comparison of such information with clinical practice data has become an important task for researchers. The study of anatomical variability is relevant in the search for more effective ways of performi

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Skriabin, E. G., A. N. Bukseev, P. B. Zotov, M. A. Akselrov, and A. A. Kurmangulov. "Uncomplicated fractures of the cervical vertebrae in children and adolescents." Genij Ortopedii 27, no. 6 (2021): 700–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-6-700-708.

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Introduction Various aspects of uncomplicated fractures of the cervical vertebrae in children and adolescents remain topical. Purpose To study incidence, character and type of uncomplicated fractures of the vertebrae of the cervical spine in children and adolescents. Materials and methods Out of 1000 children who had uncomplicated vertebral fractures, 27 (2.7 %) people were diagnosed with fractures at the cervical level. There were more boys among the injured – 77.77 % of the injured. 29.63 % of the patients were under the age of 12, and 70.37 % of – aged 12–17. Traditional methods for emergen

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Batir, Hande Nur Taşdemir, Hatice Güler, Burcu Kamaşak Arpaçay, İzzet Ökçesiz, Halil Dönmez, and Güven Kahriman. "Morphometric Analysis of Subaxial Cervical Vertebra Pedicles in the Turkish Population." Tomography 11, no. 7 (2025): 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography11070079.

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Background/Objectives: One of the surgical interventions applied in the cervical region is the pedicle screw method. The cervical pedicle screw is stronger than any other screw method; however, use of the cervical pedicle screw is limited due to the variability in the anatomy of the cervical vertebrae and the risks to the neurological and vascular structures in this region. This study aimed to determine the morphological features of subaxial cervical vertebrae of the adult Turkish population and to provide guidance for the pedicle screwing method. Methods: In our study, pedicle analyses were e

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Niloy Kumar Das and Urmimala Basu. "Morphological features and anatomical variations of the Foramen Transversarium in Cervical vertebrae: A study in Eastern Indian population." International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive 3, no. 2 (2022): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0156.

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Introduction: The foramina transversaria (FT) is a cardinal feature of the Cervical Vertebra. It transmits the vertebral vascular bundle (vertebral artery, and veins) and the sympathetic plexus which accompanies the vessels. Variations in number, size, shape & other morphological details of foramen transversarium give rise to neurological as well as hearing impairment. We in the index study, deliberated over the variations of FT as well as accessory FT. This in turn will help neurology surgeons as well as orthopedic surgeons while performing surgeries on the cervical spine. Objectives: Stu

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May-Davis, Sharon, Pamela Blades Eckelbarger, Diane Dzingle, and Elle Saber. "Characterization and Association of the Missing Ventral Tubercle(s) from the Sixth Cervical Vertebra and Transpositions on the Ventral Surface of the Seventh Cervical Vertebra in Modern Equus ferus caballus." Animals 14, no. 12 (2024): 1830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14121830.

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In recent years, equine complex vertebral malformation (ECVM) has been of concern in the equine community, with studies identifying numerous associative morphological variations. Here, we examine the morphological association between C6 and C7 for dependency in ECVM cases, where the partially absent ventral process of C6 transposes on the ventral surface of C7. A C6 ventral process presents two tubercles, one cranial (CrVT) and one caudal (CVT). In this study, the C6 osseous specimens (n = 85) demonstrated a partial or completely absent CVT (aCVT) graded 1–4 that often extended cranially creat

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Zhang, Ningyi, Sebastián Gómez-Lozano, Ross Armstrong, Hui Liu, and Alfonso Vargas-Macías. "External Load of Flamenco Zap-3 Footwork Test: Use of PlayerLoad Concept with Triaxial Accelerometry." Sensors 22, no. 13 (2022): 4847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22134847.

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The intense footwork required in flamenco dance may result in pain and injury. This study aimed to quantify the external load of the flamenco Zapateado-3 (Zap-3) footwork via triaxial accelerometry in the form of PlayerLoad (PL), comparing the difference in external loads at the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5), the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) and the dominant ankle (DA), and to explore whether the speed, position, axis and proficiency level of the flamenco dancer affected the external load. Twelve flamenco dancers, divided into professional and amateur groups, completed a 15-s Zap-3 footwork rou

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Rastegar, Khodakaram, Hasan Ghandhari, Ebrahim Ameri, and Farzam Mokarami. "Cervical Spondyloptosis in a Patient With Os Odontoideum: A Case Report." Journal of Research in Orthopedic Science 9, no. 1 (2022): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jrosj.9.1.167.2.

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A 30-year-old man presented to our clinic with progressive neck pain and dysphagia. He had been operated on for an atlantoaxial instability (os odontoideum) 7 years ago. Imaging studies revealed cervical spondyloptosis of C5-C6 and C7-T1; the neurologic examination was intact. It was decided to correct the deformity through a circumferential approach. Thus C5, C6, and C7 corpectomy, alongside anterior column reconstruction using titanium expandable cage, reinforced by posterior spinal instrumentation from occipital bone to T3 vertebra were resolved; his symptoms resolved completely following a

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Komarov, Mykhailo P., Oleksii S. Nekhlopochyn, Vadim V. Verbov, et al. "Chondroblastoma of the cervical-thoracic junction: global data and own experience." Ukrainian Neurosurgical Journal 29, no. 3 (2023): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25305/unj.277910.

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Chondroblastoma (CB) ‒ a rare benign tumor of the skeleton that is presented by proliferation of chondroblasts with islands of eosinophilic chondroid matrix. CB accounts for less than 1% of all bone neoplasms, while the spine is affected in only 1.4% of all CB cases. Publications devoted to CB of the spine are sporadic and therefore have a considerable scientific interest due to the rarity of the pathology. A clinical case of CB of the cervical-thoracic junction of a 38-year-old patient hospitalized to State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of U

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Zagorac, Slavisa, Aleksandar Lesic, Vesna Bumbasirevic, and Marko Bumbasirevic. "Overlooked dislocation of C6/C7 vertebra with minimal neurologic deficit." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 59, no. 3 (2012): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci1203101z.

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The beginning of 21 century was marked by an enormous increase in the number of traffic accidents, which led to an increasing number of multiple injured patients with associated injuries, especially injuries of cervical spine, because of its anatomical features. Even in the era of modern diagnostic procedures, cervical spine injuries are still often overlooked, especially in multiple injured patients and unconscious patients, and the consequences of undiagnosed injuries can be fatal. Very often there are ligamentous lesions, which can be detected only by using NMR, while the osteoarticular les

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CABRERA, GABRIELA ESTEFANÍA DELGADO, MARCELO GIACOMIN DA FONSECA, MAURO COSTA MORAIS TAVARES JUNIOR, RAPHAEL MARTUS MARCON, ALEXANDRE FOGAÇA CRISTANTE, and OLAVO BIRAGHI LETAIF. "TOMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF C7, T1 AND T2 VERTEBRAE ANATOMY IN CHILDREN." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 29, no. 3 (2021): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220212903238470.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and compare anatomical measurements of C7, T1 and T2 vertebrae in children from 3 to 12 years of age to provide useful epidemiological data for determining the safe anatomical margin for transpedicular and translaminar fixation with screws in this population. Methods: This observational retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 76 computed tomography scans obtained over 6 months, analyzing the following parameters: the angle of attack, length, thickness and diameter of the pedicle; and the angle of attack, length and thickness of the lamina. Results: The lam

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Zimmermann, Elisa, Katharina B. Ros, Christiane Pfarrer, and Ottmar Distl. "Historic Horse Family Displaying Malformations of the Cervicothoracic Junction and Their Connection to Modern German Warmblood Horses." Animals 13, no. 21 (2023): 3415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13213415.

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Malformations of the equine cervicothoracic junction affect the C6 and C7 cervical vertebrae, the T1 thoracic vertebra and in variable extent the first and second sternal ribs. To date, the clinical impact of this malformation, its prevalence and mode of inheritance in equine populations are not yet determined. We examined five skeletons for signs of malformation of the cervicothoracic junction, including three skeletons from widely used Thoroughbred stallions affected with the malformation and two skeletons serving as a comparison. The three affected historical horses were the Thoroughbred st

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Haimovich, Liad, Ofir Uri, Jacob Bickels, et al. "Bilateral traumatic C6-C7 facet dislocation with C6 spondyloptosis and large disk sequestration in a neurologically intact patient." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 8 (January 2020): 2050313X2092918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x20929189.

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Traumatic cervical spondyloptosis is an uncommon and severe form of facet joint dislocation that commonly leads to severe neurological damage. Decision making regarding the reduction and fixation technique is challenging, especially when a patient is neurologically intact, since an undiagnosed prolapsed disk at the involved level may lead to severe neurological consequences during reduction. A 24-year-old male was admitted after sustaining a severe direct axial blow to his head. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed an acute C6C7 fracture dislocation with spondylop

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Keskin, Fatih, Alaaddin Nayman, AliFahir Ozer, Ozan Babaoglu, Kalkan Erdal, and Fatih Erdi. "Radiological anatomy of the C7 vertebra: Clinical implications in spine surgery." Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine 6, no. 1 (2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-8237.151590.

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Gulsen, Salih, Cem Yilmaz, Tarkan Calisaneller, Hakan Caner, and Nur Altinors. "PREOPERATIVE FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE IN PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL VERTEBRA FRACTURE." Neurosurgery 64, no. 1 (2009): E191—E192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000336328.59216.08.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve may occur during surgical intervention to the anterior part of the neck. However, some disorders can lead to damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve before surgery. We report 2 cases of lower cervical vertebra fracture, leading to 1-sided injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. CLINICAL PRESENTATION One man and 1 woman with neck injuries were admitted to our hospital. The man had a C7–T1 dislocation fracture, and the woman had a C6–C7 dislocation fracture. Both patients had similar fractures and similar clinical presentations. The dis

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Macki, Mohamed, Timothy Chryssikos, Seth M. Meade, et al. "Multilevel Laminoplasty for CSM: Is C3 Laminectomy Better Than C3 Laminoplasty at the Superior Vertebra?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 24 (2023): 7594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12247594.

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Introduction: In a multilevel cervical laminoplasty operation for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), a partial or complete C3 laminectomy may be performed at the upper level instead of a C3 plated laminoplasty. It is unknown whether C3 technique above the laminoplasty affects loss of cervical lordosis or range of motion. Methods: Patients undergoing multilevel laminoplasty of the cervical spine (C3–C6/C7) at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on surgical technique at C3: C3–C6/C7 plated laminoplasty (“C3 laminoplas

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Xu, Liang, Xu Sun, Muyi Wang, et al. "Coronal imbalance after growing rod treatment in early-onset scoliosis: a minimum of 5 years’ follow-up." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 35, no. 2 (2021): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.10.spine201581.

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OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of coronal imbalance (CI) in patients with early-onset scoliosis (EOS) who underwent growing rod (GR) treatment. METHODS A consecutive series of 61 patients with EOS (25 boys and 36 girls, mean age 5.8 ± 1.7 years) who underwent GR treatment was retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative CI was defined as postoperative C7 translation on either side ≥ 20 mm. Patients were divided into an imbalanced and a balanced group. Coronal patterns were classified into three types: type A (C7 translation < 20 mm), type

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Gee, Christine, Alison Small, Kathleen Shorter, and Wendy Y. Brown. "A Radiographic Technique for Assessment of Morphologic Variations of the Equine Caudal Cervical Spine." Animals 10, no. 4 (2020): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040667.

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Equine Caudal Cervical Morphologic Variation (ECCMV) is a congenital malformation of the caudal cervical spine distinct from the more commonly recognized Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy (CVSM). The most common presentation of ECCMV is recognized on the sixth cervical vertebra (C6). In “normal” presentations, the transverse processes on the left and right sides have a caudal lamina projecting ventrally below the caudal vertebral body in a heel shape. With ECCMV, variations occur to the structure of the caudal ventral lamina on one or both sides of C6 and may include the seventh cervical

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Uehara, Masashi, Jun Takahashi, Hiroki Hirabayashi, et al. "Perforation Rates of Cervical Pedicle Screw Insertion by Disease and Vertebral Level." Open Orthopaedics Journal 4, no. 1 (2010): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001004010142.

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Background: Different perforation rates for cervical pedicle screws by disease are expected in relation to bone quality and pedicle morphology; however, no report comparing pedicle screw perforation rate by disease had previously been published. This study investigated the perforation rates of pedicle screws inserted to cervical pedicle by disease and vertebral level using a CT-based navigation system. Materials/Methods: Fifty-three patients who underwent cervical pedicle screw insertion using CT based navigation system were studied. Diseases included rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (24 cases), dest

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Tamas-Csaba, Sipos, Denes Lorand, Brinzaniuc Klara, Sipos Remus Sebastian, Raduly Gergo, and Pap Zsuzsanna. "Study of Spina Bifida Occulta Based on Age, Sex and Localization." ARS Medica Tomitana 25, no. 3 (2019): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2019-0020.

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Abstract Introduction: Spina bifida is a spine malformation that appears as an incomplete closure of the spine during development. Most frequently it involves lumbosacral vertebrae. There are two types of spina bifida: spina bifida aperta and spina bifida occulta. In most of the cases spina bifida occulta is asymptomatic, and it is identified by accident. Objectives: the aim of this study was to correlate localization of spina bifida occulta with age and sex of the patients. Materials and methods: Between July 2017 and January 2019 there have been 108 patients diagnosed with spina bifida occul

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Lalit, Monika, Sanjay Piplani, Jagdev S. Kullar, and Anupama Mahajan. "A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF BODY, LAMINA, SPINOUS PROCESS AND VERTEBRAL FORAMEN OF VERTEBRA PROMINENS (C7) IN NORTH INDIAN POPULATION: A CLINICO-ANATOMICAL APPROACH." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 7, no. 4.2 (2019): 7105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.315.

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Liu, Junhao, Wei Ji, Zucheng Huang, et al. "A Computed Tomography Study of the C7 Vertebra Screws Fixation in Children." SPINE 43, no. 24 (2018): E1437—E1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000002742.

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de Freitas, Roberto M., Atsushi Sasaki, Dimitry G. Sayenko, et al. "Selectivity and excitability of upper-limb muscle activation during cervical transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 131, no. 2 (2021): 746–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00132.2021.

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We examined selectivity and excitability of motor activation in multiple upper-limb muscles during cervical transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation with different cathode and anode configurations. Hand muscles were more activated when the cathode was configured over the T1 vertebra compared with C6 and C7 locations. Higher stimulation intensities were required to activate distal hand muscles than proximal arm muscles. Finally, configuration of anode over anterior neck elicited larger responses compared with other configurations.

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Zhao, Moxin, Nan Meng, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Chenxi Yu, Pengyu Lu, and Teng Zhang. "SpineHRformer: A Transformer-Based Deep Learning Model for Automatic Spine Deformity Assessment with Prospective Validation." Bioengineering 10, no. 11 (2023): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10111333.

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The Cobb angle (CA) serves as the principal method for assessing spinal deformity, but manual measurements of the CA are time-consuming and susceptible to inter- and intra-observer variability. While learning-based methods, such as SpineHRNet+, have demonstrated potential in automating CA measurement, their accuracy can be influenced by the severity of spinal deformity, image quality, relative position of rib and vertebrae, etc. Our aim is to create a reliable learning-based approach that provides consistent and highly accurate measurements of the CA from posteroanterior (PA) X-rays, surpassin

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Brown, A. A. "Using the anteroposterior diameter of C3-C7 spinal canals to assess cervical stenosis among Ghanaian males: An anatomical study." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy 22, no. 1 (2025): 39–43. https://doi.org/10.4314/jeca.v22i1.5.

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Background and aim: Cervical stenosis (CS) occurs when the size of the spinal canal is narrower in an individual than that of the general population. Individuals with CS may be asymptomatic or may present with a wide array of neurological symptoms. There however appears to be paucity of information on the AP canal diameter among Ghanaians. This study therefore, aimed at using the diameter of C3-C7 spinal canals to assess the presence of cervical stenosis in the Ghanaian male population. Material and Methods: The study was carried out using 110 dry cervical vertebrae which the author harvested

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Svoboda, Martin, Milan Chalupa, Karel Jelen, et al. "Load Measurement of the Cervical Vertebra C7 and the Head of Passengers of a Car While Driving across Uneven Terrain." Sensors 21, no. 11 (2021): 3849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113849.

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The article deals with the measurement of dynamic effects that are transmitted to the driver (passenger) when driving in a car over obstacles. The measurements were performed in a real environment on a defined track at different driving speeds and different distributions of obstacles on the road. The reaction of the human organism, respectively the load of the cervical vertebrae and the heads of the driver and passenger, was measured. Experimental measurements were performed for different variants of driving conditions on a 28-year-old and healthy man. The measurement’s main objective was to d

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Zeydan, Burcu, Xinyi Gu, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, et al. "Cervical spinal cord atrophy." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 5, no. 2 (2018): e435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000435.

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ObjectiveTo assess whether cervical spinal cord atrophy heralds the onset of progressive MS.MethodsWe studied 34 individuals with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) and 31 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) age matched to 25 patients within a year of onset of secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Two raters independently measured (twice per rater) the cervical spinal cord average segmental area (CASA) (mm2) of axial T2-weighted images between C2 and C7 landmarks. The midsagittal T2-weighted image from the end of C2 to the end of C7 vertebra was used to measure the cervical spine (c-spi

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Pinzon, Rizaldy Taslim, Gusti Agung Sinta Shakuntala, and Vanessa Veronica. "Tetraparese spastik akibat schwannoma servikal: sebuah laporan kasus." Intisari Sains Medis 13, no. 2 (2022): 576–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i2.1276.

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Introduction: Schwannoma is a benign nerve sheath tumor that occurs more frequently in the peripheral nervous system than in the central nervous system. Spinal schwannomas are most frequently found in the thoracic or lumbar regions but are uncommon in the cervical region. This paper describes a cervical schwannoma that is associated with spastic tetraparesis. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old man presented with the primary complaint of having difficulty moving his upper and lower limbs. The patient is fully conscious and has a temperature of 36.2°C, a respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute,

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Kahveci, Ceyda, and İsmail Malkoç. "Radiologic Investigation of the Presence of Accessory Transverse Foramen in Individuals Aged 21-60 Years Living in the Western Black Sea Region." Sağlık Bilimlerinde Değer 15, no. 2 (2025): 252–55. https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1617913.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to radiologically evaluate the occurrence of more than one for. transversarium, called accessory foramen transversarium (ATF), in individuals aged 21-60 years living in the Western Black Sea Region. Material and Methods: Personal information (name, last name and age) of the patients who participated in the study were not shared and confidentiality was taken as a basis. In the study, cervical vertebrae of 200 healthy individuals, 100 females and 100 males aged 21-60 years, were obtained retrospectively by Computed Tomography (CT) through the Hospital Imaging Archi

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Munakata, Ryo, Michihiko Koseki, Hiroki Oba, et al. "Selecting the C7-LIV Line Vertebra as the Upper Instrumented Vertebra for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Lenke Type 1A Curves." Spine 45, no. 17 (2020): 1239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000003509.

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Stepanenko, V. V., V. A. Shamanin, A. V. Trashin, and Yu A. Shulev. "Long-term results of treatment of a patient with basilar invagination complicated by distal kyphosis and compressive ischemic cervical myelopathy: a clinical case and a brief literature review." Russian Journal of Spine Surgery (Khirurgiya Pozvonochnika) 21, no. 1 (2024): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14531/ss2024.1.6-13.

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Objective. To present a clinical case of surgical correction of a craniovertebral anomaly complicated after 8 years by distal junctional kyphosis, stenosis, antelisthesis of the C5 vertebra and compressive ischemic cervical myelopathy in the C5–C6 segment.Material and Methods. When treating a 56-year-old patient with multiple anomalies of the craniovertebral region, differentiated surgical technologies were consistently used due to the development of late complications. The sequence and rationale for surgical decision making is described.Results. Initially, the patient underwent transoral deco

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