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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ca/K Plasma Ratio

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ca/K Plasma Ratio'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Ca/K Plasma Ratio"

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Fajda, Oleksandra I., Oleksandr V. Drach, Liliya G. Barylyak, and Walery Zukow. "Relationships between Ca/K plasma ratio and parameters of heart rate variability at patients with diathesis urica." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 6, no. 1 (2016): 295–301. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.45359.

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<strong>Fajda Oleksandra I., Drach Oleksandr V., Barylyak Liliya G., </strong><strong>Zukow W</strong><strong>alery. Relationships between Ca/K plasma ratio and parameters of heart rate variability at patients with diathesis urica. </strong><strong>Journal of Education, Health and Sport. </strong><strong>2016;6(1):295-301. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI</strong> <strong>http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.45359</strong> <strong>http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3368</strong> <strong>https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/710817</strong>       <strong>The journal has had 7 points in M

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JIANG, H. C., W. L. ZHANG, Z. C. CHEN, W. X. ZHANG та B. PENG. "EFFECTS OF OXYGEN CONTENT ON THE TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF La0.7Ca0.3MnO3-δ THIN FILMS". Surface Review and Letters 14, № 05 (2007): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x0701041x.

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We report the effects of oxygen content on the transport properties of La 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3-δ thin films grown epitaxially on LaAlO 3 (001) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The as-deposited thin films were annealed and treated by oxygen plasma to improve the oxygen content. We observe that the La 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3-δ films annealed at 850°C is highly oriented growth on (001) LAO substrate. However, the XRD patterns of the samples annealed at lower than 850°C show no distinct diffraction peaks. This evidence indicates that the samples annealed at lower than 850°C are still amorphous or nanoc

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Mourad, R. S. "Blood Biochemical Components and Progesterone Hormone on Day of Estrus in Crossbred Cattle in Egypt." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 23, no. 3 (2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v23i3.1855.

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Deficiencies or excess minerals such as P, Cu, and Zn are associated with subnormal fertility and anoestrus conditions in cows. This study was conducted in a veterinary unit in Menufiya, Egypt. Eighteen head of crossbred cows were randomly selected at random at estrus time (estrus group) and as a control 14 head of crossbred cows were selected from newly-calving dams at about 6-12 hours after calving (control group). The aim of this study was to use the components of biochemistry and progesterone hormone on estrus day of crossbreeding cattle in Egypt. The information from this study will be us

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Liu, Shanke, Cheng Han, and Jianming Liu. "Study of K-Feldspar and Lime Hydrothermal Reaction: Phase and Mechanism with Reaction Temperature and Increasing Ca/Si Ratio." Minerals 9, no. 1 (2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9010046.

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To elucidate the physicochemical properties of the artificial silicate composite material, K-feldspar and lime were reacted in mild hydrothermal conditions (different reaction temperatures and various K-feldspar/lime ratios). Formed phases were investigated using various techniques, such as X-ray powder diffraction, the Rietveld method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The analysis revealed that tobermorite, grossular (hydrogarnet), alpha-dicalcium silicate hydrate (α-C2SH), amorphous calcium silicate hydrate, potassium carbonate

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Xiaodi, Pi, Li Yeqing, Xie Xiting, and Xu Hongyong. "Correlation Analysis of Mineral Element Content and Sensory Quality of National Geographical Sign Product--Olecranon Peaches in Lianping." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 02035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125102035.

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Microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma astigmatism (ICP-AES) was used to analyze the contents of mineral elements (including K, P, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Cu, Mn, B, Zn, Se, Li) in 54 Olecranon Peaches collected from Shangping town, Lianping County. The obtained data was analyzed by Correlation analysis (CA), combined with fruit reducing sugar (RS%), sugar-acid ratio (S/A) and sensory scores. The results showed that in the tested samples, it had a significant positive correlation between S/A sugar-acid ratio and sensory evaluation. S/A was negatively correlated with P contents. The P contents

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Fisher, L. J., N. Dinn, R. M. Tait, and J. A. Shelford. "Effect of level of dietary potassium on the absorption and excretion of calcium and magnesium by lactating cows." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 74, no. 3 (1994): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas94-071.

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This study was undertaken with the objective of providing more basic information on the absorption and excretion of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) by lactating cows when high levels of potassium (K) are fed. Employing potassium carbonate as the source of supplemental K, total mixed rations were formulated to contain 1.6 (low), 3.1 (medium) and 4.6% (high) K. The three rations were fed to 15 Holstein cows in mid-lactation in a 3 × 3 Latin square experiment replicated five times. The experimental periods were 21 d in length. Blood, rumen and milk samples were obtained during the 2nd and 3rd wk

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Stojanovic, Branislav, Zdenka Stojanovic, Sonja Marjanovic, et al. "Canned meat products for members of the Serbian armed forces: Na, K, Ca, and Mg content and health risks/benefits." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 67, no. 4 (2022): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas2204415s.

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Macroelements such as Na, K, Ca, and Mg play a significant physiological role, and their inadequate intake has been linked to severe diseases, such as high blood pressure. Data on risk assessment for human health in Serbia, from the intake of these macroelements through the consumption of canned food, are minimal. Therefore, the content of Na, K, Ca, and Mg in five types of canned meat that members of the Serbian Armed Forces regularly use was examined. Macroelements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in cans of beef goulash, pork ragout, spam, liver pate, and meat

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HOSHIKAWA, KIYOFUSA, ITSURO TAMANOI, AKEMI NAKAMURA, MUTSUMI KACHI, KUNIO OOHASHI, and SHINJI MATSUMOTO. "POSSIBLE CHARACTERIZATION OF MOUSE STRAINS BY PLASMA ANALYSIS WITH PIXE." International Journal of PIXE 04, no. 02n03 (1994): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083594000131.

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We investigated the elemental composition of mouse blood plasma with PIXE method. We measured quantitative X-ray yields of S, Cl, K and Ca by changing sample volume from 1.25 to 15.0 µl to find the most profitable volume of plasma for elemental analysis. Linear relationships were confirmed between the applied volume (1.25~5.0 µl) and the counts of X-ray from each element. Some elements showed, however, saturated curves over 5.0 µl. Five μl was enough to analyze some important elements of blood plasma and used in the present analysis. We propose 5.0 µl as a standard amount of sample in plasma a

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Tajchman, Katarzyna, Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga, Francisco Ceacero, Monika Pecio, and Żaneta Steiner-Bogdaszewska. "Concentration of Macroelements and Trace Elements in Farmed Fallow Deer Antlers Depending on Age." Animals 12, no. 23 (2022): 3409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12233409.

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The mineral content of the antlers reflects the nutritional status and specific stage of bone growth in cervid males. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the concentration of Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se and Mo in three characteristic antler positions selected based on the observation of fights between males. These were compared between farmed fallow deer (Dama dama) of different ages. The mineral compositions of tissues were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The highest mean concentrations of macroelements (except K) were recorded in the you

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Waghmode, Sonali, Pamita Agarwal, Savita Hadakar, Nirma Bharati, Namrata Gaonkar, and Hitendra Ramesh Jain. "Comparative Study on Remineralization and Fluoride Release with Ercr: Ysgg Laser and Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 17, Suppl 2 (2025): S1147—S1148. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1403_24.

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ABSTRACT Background: Re-mineralizing potential (RMP) involves diffusion of calcium and phosphate (Ca and K) ions through pores of the carious surface and all F varnish release F but not at the same constant rate. Aim: To investigate and compare RMP and F release using 3 F varnish with their subgroups. Material and Method: In total, 135 samples were included which were assessed after 3 different varnish applications using 5% NaF with CPP-ACP, fTCP, and cXP, respectively, and treated with ErCr: YSGG, NTP, and control group respectively. Result: We found a significantly higher difference for anis

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ca/K Plasma Ratio"

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PUGINIER, EMMANUEL ANDRE. "Vers une standardisation encore plus poussee du temps de quick pour surveiller le traitement anticoagulant oral : inr (international normalized ratio) et plasma calibre : a propos d'une etude toulousaine." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31249.

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Kollander, Barbro. "Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry : Exploring the Limits of Different Sample Preparation Strategies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150861.

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This thesis describes two different sample preparation strategies for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and their ability regarding multi element quantification in complex samples. Sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility and accuracy were investigated. The aim was to increase the over all efficiency, the speed of analysis, and/or the sensitivity of the analytical method. The intention was to measure analytes with concentrations ranging from ng/g to mg/g simultaneously. The aim was additionally to study chemical and physical processes occurring during the sa

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LIN, BAO-SHENG, and 林保勝. "The quantity-intensity behavior and k-(Ca+Mg) activity ratio." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00029409242782614720.

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Books on the topic "Ca/K Plasma Ratio"

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Skiba, Grzegorz. Fizjologiczne, żywieniowe i genetyczne uwarunkowania właściwości kości rosnących świń. The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22358/mono_gs_2020.

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Bones are multifunctional passive organs of movement that supports soft tissue and directly attached muscles. They also protect internal organs and are a reserve of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Each bone is covered with periosteum, and the adjacent bone surfaces are covered by articular cartilage. Histologically, the bone is an organ composed of many different tissues. The main component is bone tissue (cortical and spongy) composed of a set of bone cells and intercellular substance (mineral and organic), it also contains fat, hematopoietic (bone marrow) and cartilaginous tissue. Bones a

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Book chapters on the topic "Ca/K Plasma Ratio"

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Al-Dousari, Ali, Fatin Al-Mutawaa, Hanan Al-Mansour, and Badreya Mandekar. "Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)." In Atlas of Fallen Dust in Kuwait. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66977-5_5.

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Abstract The crushed powder from defined dust particlesize fractions was analyzed using inductively coupled spectrometry plasma (ICP) for major and trace elements. The ICP was used for the determination of concentrations of trace elements and six major elements: (Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, and K) and five minor elements (Ba, Cr, V, Ti, and Pb). They are quoted in part per million (ppm). Maps showing high and low concentrations of ICPamong Kuwait.

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Donnelly, R. F., O. R. White, and W. C. Livingston. "The Solar Ca II K Index and the Mg II Core-To-Wing Ratio." In The Sun as a Variable Star: Solar and Stellar Irradiance Variations. Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0950-5_11.

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Sayar, M. Salih. "Crude Protein Content and the Other Forage Quality Traits in Some Annual Plant Species From Different Families and Assessments with Biplot and Correlation Analysis." In Alternative Protein Sources. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359289.2.

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High-quality forage in livestock feeding will significantly enhance both the yield and quality of animal products. In this respect, it is crucial to know in advance the forage quality traits to make the right choice. Accordingly, the research was fulfilled to determine forage crude protein content and the other forage quality traits in some annual plant species from different families. According to the variance analysis, it was determined that there were statistically highly significant (P<0.01) differences between the species in terms of all the of the examined traits, and the examined tra

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Fokina, Anastasiya K., Daria Kiseleva, and Nadezhda V. Cherednichenko. "Determination of Major (Ca, P) and Trace (Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Fe) Elements in Biogenic Apatite Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES)." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00925-0_7.

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Zhu, Yanbei. "Certified Reference Material of Trace Elements in Seawater, NMIJ CRM 7204-a." In Springer Oceanography. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-2520-8_16.

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Abstract A certified reference material (CRM) for the determination of trace elements in seawater samples was developed by the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) and coded as NMIJ CRM 7204-a, in which the concentrations of trace elements were elevated to facilitate the quality control in analysis for environment conservation purpose. It is a complement to CRMs aimed at quality control in natural seawater samples, e.g. NASS and CASS series by National Research Council of Canada, as well as GEOTRACES standards and reference materials. NMIJ CRM 7204-a was characterized for the analysis

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Aizawa, Tatsuhiko, Tomomi Shiratori, Tomoaki Yoshino, Yohei Suzuki, and Takafumi Komatsu. "Nitrogen Supersaturation of AISI316 Base Stainless Steels at 673 K and 623 K for Hardening and Microstructure Control." In Stainless Steels [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102387.

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The high-density plasma nitriding at 673 K and 623 K was employed to make 10% of nitrogen supersaturation on AISI316 base austenitic stainless steels. The processing parameters and nitrogen-hydrogen gas flow ratio were optimized to increase the yield of N2+ ion and NH-radical for efficient nitriding. The nitrided AISI316 specimens were prepared for multidimensional analysis to describe the fundamental features of low-temperature plasma nitriding. First, macroscopic evaluation revealed that nitrogen supersaturation induced the γ-lattice expansion and the higher nitrogen content than 4% of mass

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Sarafraz, Mohsen, Farid Christo, and Bernard Rolfe. "Green and Sustainable Chemical Looping Plasma Process for Ammonia and Hydrogen Production." In Energy Recovery [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104095.

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The overarching aim of this chapter is to propose a novel clean thermochemical process that harnesses thermal plasma technology to co-produce hydrogen and ammonia using a chemical looping process. The thermodynamic potential and feasibility of the process were demonstrated using a simulation of the system with aluminium and aluminium oxide as the oxygen and nitrogen carriers between the reactors. The effect of different operating parameters, such as feed ratio and temperature of the reactor, on the energetic performance of the process was investigated. Results showed that the nitridation and a

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Singh Jatav, Bheem. "Perspective Chapter: Numerical Simulation to Study Alfvén Waves." In Advancements in Fine Particle Plasmas [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1001433.

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This chapter presents the Alfvén waves self-interaction in approximately zero-β plasma (cold plasma), which is applicable to coronal heating. We consider thermal to magnetic pressure ratio β≈0 (cold plasma). When we consider magnetic field transverse perturbation in approximately zero-β plasma, the model dynamical equation of Alfvén wave self interaction turns out to be the modified Zakharov system equation. Numerical simulation has been carried out to study the effect of Alfvén wave self interaction and transverse perturbation, which results in the formation of magnetic field profile structur

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Tinker, Peter B., and Peter Nye. "Solute Interchange between Solid, Liquid, and Gas Phases in the Soil." In Solute Movement in the Rhizosphere. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195124927.003.0007.

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We noted in chapter 1 that the concentration of solute in the soil solution is buffered by solute adsorbed on the soil surfaces. We also show in chapter 4 that the overall mobility of ions is related to their amounts and mobilities in the solid and solution. In this chapter, we focus on the soil solution concentration, primarily to show how the factors controlling it can be incorporated in models of the growth of crops and the leaching of nutrients or pollutants, such as those described in chapters 10 and 11. We examine the general principles governing the interchange of solutes between all ph

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Stamler, Jeremiah, Martha L. Daviglus, Daniel B. Garside, et al. "Low-Risk Cardiovascular Status: Impact on Cardiovascular Mortality and Longevity." In Pediatric Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195150650.003.0003.

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Abstract Decades of research document conclusions and concepts about the natural his tory, etiology, and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Key relevant factors include: Multiple aspects of lifestyle, first and foremost dietary patterns high in several macronutrients (total, saturated, and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, salt, sugars), high in caloric density (concentrated calories from fats and refined carbohydrates), and relatively low in specific micronutrients (e.g., K, Mg, Ca, P, folate), fiber, and the ratio of essential nutrients to calories; excessive intake of alcohol, for a

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Conference papers on the topic "Ca/K Plasma Ratio"

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Poort, S. R., C. Krommenhoek-van Es, I. K. van der Linden, N. H. van Tilburg, and R. M. Bertina. "DEFECTS OF VITAMIN K-DEPENDENT FACTORS IN CA(11)-STABILI ZED STRUCTURE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644320.

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Vitamin K-dependent (anti)coagulation factors (factor II, VII, IX, X protein C and S) undergo a conformational transition upon binding of Ca(II), which is a prerequisite for their normal function. Abnormalities in these properties occur during vitamin K deficiency or treatment with anti vitamin K drugs and in some genetic variants of coagulation factors. Immunological assays utilizing antibodies against the Ca(II)-stabilized structure are useful to detect such abnormalities.Starting from specific rabbit antisera antibody populations specific for the Ca(II)-dependent conformation of factor II,

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van der Meer, F. J. M., N. H. van Tilburg, S. R. Poort, E. Briët, and R. M. Bertina. "IMMUNOLOGICAL ASSAYS FOR THE Ca(II)-DEPENDENT AND NONCa(II)-DEPENDENT CONFORMATIONS OFJtLUMAN PROTELN Z (PZ)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643818.

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Human PZ was purified using bariumcitrate absorption and elution, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography and gelfiltration on Sephadex G-200. The purified protein was used for the development of a specific rabbit antiserum, which could be used in a electroimmunoassay (EIA). Using immunoaffinity procedures, two populations of antibodies were isolated from the antiserum: one against the Ca(II)-dependent conformation of PZ(Ca(II)PZAg) and one against the nonCa(II)-dependent conformation (nonCa(II)PZAg). These antibody populations were used for the development of specific and highly sensitive immunoradiomet

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Tariq, Usman, Zuhaib Haider, Rafaqat Hussain, Kashif Tufail, and Jalil Ali. "LIBS analysis of hydroxyapatite extracted from bovine bone for Ca/P ratio measurements." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PLASMA SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS (ICPSA 2016). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4978845.

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Frayssinet, P., F. Tourenne, N. Rouquet, I. Primout, and D. Mathon. "Ca/P Ratio and Biocompatibility of Hydroxyapatite Coatings." In ITSC 1998, edited by Christian Coddet. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1998p1055.

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Abstract The decomposition of HA during plasma-spraying can lead to the appearance of calcium oxide (CaO) in the calcium phosphate coatings and an increase of the Ca/P ratio (&gt; 1.67). Rehydration can cause an increase in the pH of the extracellular fluids in close vicinity to the coating and rapid degradation of its thickness. Metal cylinders coated with HA were implanted in rabbit condyles for two months and analyzed by histology to evaluate the effect of the presence of CaO in the coatings during early implantation. Three groups of coatings containing different amounts of CaO: 0.2, 0.

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Gorgone, M., S. M. Nouraie, M. Finkelman та ін. "Relationship Between Plasma 1→3-β-D-Glucan Levels and Pulmonary Artery to Aorta Ratio in COPD Patients". У American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1229.

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Dowling, Karen M., Ateeq J. Suria, Yoonjin Won, et al. "Inductive Coupled Plasma Etching of High Aspect Ratio Silicon Carbide Microchannels for Localized Cooling." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48409.

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High aspect ratio microchannels using high thermal conductivity materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) have recently been explored to locally cool micro-scale power electronics that are prone to on-chip hot spot generation. Analytical and finite element modeling shows that SiC-based microchannels used for localized cooling should have high aspect ratio features (above 8:1) to obtain heat transfer coefficients (300 to 600 kW/m2·K) required to obtain gallium nitride (GaN) device channel temperatures below 100°C. This work presents experimental results of microfabricating high aspect ratio micro

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Cerchiara, R. R., H. A. Cook, P. E. Fischione, et al. "Automated Sample Preparation of Low-k Dielectrics for FESEM." In ISTFA 2005. ASM International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2005p0231.

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Abstract The SiLK resins, composed of aromatic hydrocarbons, are a family of highly cross-linked thermoset polymers with isotropic dielectric properties. Patterning of SiLK for high aspect ratio copper interconnects has depended on reactive ion etching with oxygen/nitrogen gas mixtures. Reactive ion etching is therefore also accomplished with reducing plasmas such as nitrogen/hydrogen. An additional plasma cleaning step can be inserted after the reactive ion etching (RIE) step, so that any residual contamination is removed prior to imaging or final sputter coating. Automated sample preparation

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Kryvenko, V., M. Wessendorf, J. I. Sznajder, W. Seeger, and I. Vadász. "Hypercapnia Impairs Endoplasmic Reticulum Function and Decreases Plasma Membrane Abundance of the Na,K-ATPase in Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Precision-Cut Lung Slices." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a2516.

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Lee, M. J., and J. H. Park. "Effect of slag composition on titanium distribution ratio between ferrosilicon melt and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag at 1773 K." In 12th International Conference of Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts (MOLTEN 2024) Proceedings. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62053/npon4744.

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Because the environmental problems are occurred by greenhouse gases such as CO2, the industries have tried to increase electric motor efficiency to reduce CO2 emissions. A core material of electric motor is high-silicon electrical steel. The ferrosilicon (FeSi) alloy, a raw material for the production of electrical steel, affects the electric properties of silicon steel. The main impurities such as Ca, Al and Ti make inclusions or precipitates that causes core loss. The slag treatment has been widely used to remove impurity elements. Thermodynamic principles for the refining of several impurit

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Stine, Wm Wren, and John E. Sparrow. "Influence Theory for Retinex Models." In Color Appearance. Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ca.1987.tua3.

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The color constancy problem is one of calculating reflectance values for surfaces under differing illuminants. Retinex theory (e.g., Land, 1986) states that relative receptor responses are used to recover surface reflectance after they have been normalized with respect to the responses of neighboring receptor responses. Specifically, a number of paths to the pixel in question are randomly chosen and the logarithm of the ratio of the pixel receptor's response to the geometric mean of the receptor responses over a large number of paths is used as the lightness value for the pixel in question. Sy

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