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1

Konchus, Boris, Oleg Yanchevskiy, Anatolii Belous, and Oleg V'yunov. "SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES CaCu3Ti4O12 WITH COLOSSAL VALUE OF THE DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 85, no. 6 (July 31, 2019): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/0041-6045.85.6.2019.77-86.

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Ceramic materials CaCu3Ti4O12 were synthesized by solid-phase reactions technique. The sequence of chemical reactions during the synthesis has been determined. Phase CaCu3Ti4O12 appears at 700 °C. At 800 – 900 °C, the intermediate phases CaTiO3, CuTiO3 and Ca3Ti2O7 are formed. Calcium and copper titanates, CaTiO3 and CuTiO3 interact to form CaCu3Ti4O12. Ca3Ti2O7 phase with pyrochlore structure is stable and prevent the formation of final product, CaCu3Ti4O12. A method for the synthesis of CaCu3Ti4O12 by solid-state reactions technique from previously synthesized CaTiO3 (at 1050 °С) and CuTiO3 (at 950 °С), taken in a molar ratio of 1:3, is proposed. This method give the possibility to avoid the appearance of an undesirable Ca3Ti2O7 phase with the pyrochlore structure and to reduce the content of free copper oxide to value less than 0.5 mol.%. In addition, instead of the copper oxide, which is usually used in solid-state reaction technique, the chemically more active form of the copper-containing reagent, CuCO3∙Cu(OН)2 were used. This reduce the synthesis time of the intermediate CuTiO3. The crystal structure, chemical composition, microstructure and electrophysical parameters of ceramics have been analyzed. The synthesized ceramics CaCu3Ti4O12 is cubic body-centered (space group Im-3) with the unit cell parameter a = 7.3932 Å, which agreed with the literature data. The calculated tolerance factor of CaCu3Ti4O12, t = 0.7626 is not sufficient for a stabilization of peroskite ABO3 structure; that is why the crystal structure of this compound contains 3 different cation sites: dodecahedral (Ca2+), octahedral (Ti4+), tetrahedral (Cu2+). At 1150 °C, the density of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic sintered has a maximum (90% of the theoretical density). At infra-low frequencies (10-3 Hz), the dielectric constant (e) reaches record values of 107, however, dielectric losses (tg d) up to 10 were observed. In the frequency range 10-3 - 105 Hz the value of ɛ exceeds 104; and at 105 Hz minimum of the dielectric losses (tg δ ~ 0.1) is observed. A comparative analysis of methods for the synthesis of CaCu3Ti4O12 shows that the synthesis conditions of material of the same chemical composition can be crucial in creating high dense ceramic with uniform grains, high dielectric constant and low dielectric losses in a wide frequency range.
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2

Masingboon, C., P. Thongbai, and S. Maensiri. "Giant Dielectric Response in Perovskite-Derivative CaCu3Ti4O12 Prepared by Polymerized Complex Method." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 2345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2345.

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Nano-sized powders of CaCu3Ti4O12 (crystallite size of 44, 58 and 71 nm) have been synthesized by a polymerized complex method, followed by calcination the synthesized precursor at 600, 700 and 800°C in air for 8h. The CaCu3Ti4O12 powders were then characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM. Sintering of the powders was conducted in air at 1100°C for 16h. The XRD results confirmed a typical perovskite CaCu3Ti4O12 structure in all the sintered ceramics, although the presence of a second phase of CaTiO3 was observed in the sample sintered using the powders calcined at 600°C. Microstructure of the sintered CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics was observed by SEM and the grain size of the materials evaluated with polished using the line intercept method were found to be ~ 10-20 μm. A giant frequency-dependent dielectric constant samples (ε ~10000-60000) with weakly temperature dependence and was observed in the all the samples. The highest dielectric constant of the material was found to be ~60000 (at 140-160°C, 100 Hz) in the sample sintered using the powders calcined at 700°C. The origin of the high permittivity observed in these CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics is attributed to the Maxwell-Wagner polarization mechanism.
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3

Kurniawan, Widodo Budi. "PENGUKURAN NILAI DIELEKTRIK MATERIAL CALCIUM COPPER TITANAT ( CaCu3Ti4O12) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROSKOPI IMPEDANSI TERKOMPUTERISASI." Jurnal Sains Dasar 6, no. 1 (May 22, 2017): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jsd.v6i1.13565.

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Telah dilakukan pengukuran tetapan dielektrik kompleks dan besarnya impedansi kapasitor pada material keramik Calcium Copper Titanate dengan struktur material CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) dengan kemurnian 99 % menggunakan metode spektroskopi impedansi terkomputerisasi dalam rentang frekuensi 5 kHz – 120 kHz. Tetapan dielektrik maksimum terukur pada sampel yang disintering dengan suhu 7000C yaitu 745 pada frekuensi 5 kHz dan besarnya impedansi kapasitor maksimum terjadi pada sampel CCTO non sintering yaitu 150434 Ω. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh frekuensi terhadap tetapan dielektrik kompleks dan impedansi kapasitor dari material yang diteliti. Kata kunci : spektroskopi impedansi, CaCu3Ti4O12, tetapan dielektrik kompleks dan impedansi kapasitor. MEASUREMENT OF THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT CALCIUM COPPER TITANATE (CaCu3Ti4O12) MATERIALS USING COMPUTERIZED IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY ABSTRACT The measurement of the complex dielectric constant and the magnitude of the capacitor impedances of the ceramic materials Calcium Copper Titanate CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) with purity of 99% has been done by using the method of computerized impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range 5 kHz - 120 kHz. The highest dielectric constant of the material was found to be 745 at 5 kHz in the sample sintered 7000C and the highest impedance of capacitor occured in CCTO sample non sintered that is 150434Ω. The results showed that complex dielectric constant and impedance of the capacitor of the material under study was frequency dependent. Keywords : impedance spectroscopy, CaCu3Ti4O12,complex dielectric constant and impedance of capacitor
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4

Ramírez, M. A., R. Parra, M. M. Reboredo, J. A. Varela, M. S. Castro, and L. Ramajo. "Elastic modulus and hardness of CaTiO3, CaCu3Ti4O12 and CaTiO3/CaCu3Ti4O12 mixture." Materials Letters 64, no. 10 (May 2010): 1226–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.02.058.

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5

Zhang, Yun Qiang, Li Qiu Su, Xiao Fei Wang, Hui Xian Wang, and Li Ben Li. "Study on the Dielectric Properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics by the Brickwork Layer Model." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.1056.

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A brickwork layer model was used to investigate the dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. It is equivalent to Debye model under the Maxwell- Wagner-type mechanism. Arrhenius relation could be obtained by the assumption that the grains in the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic are of semiconductivity. The dependence of the dielectric constant on the grain size and temperature were well fitted by the model.
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6

You, Jing Han, Qing Dong Chen, Wei Wei Ju, Li Ben Li, and Kai Chen. "Effects of the Replacement of Ti by Zr on the Dielectric Properties of CaCu3Ti4012 Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.118.

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CaCu3Ti4O12 and CaCu3Ti3.9Zr0.1O12 ceramics were prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method and the dielectric properties were investigated. Comparison of the results of the two samples examined indicated that the partial replacement of titanium by zirconium in the system CaCu3Ti4O12 may result in different changes of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss. For these experimental phenomena possible explanations and predictions also have been presented.
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7

Fang, Liang, Mingrong Shen, Jing Yang, and Zhenya Li. "Reduced dielectric loss and leakage current in CaCu3Ti4O12/SiO2/CaCu3Ti4O12 multilayered films." Solid State Communications 137, no. 7 (February 2006): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2005.12.004.

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8

Qin, Dake, Guozheng Liang, and Aijuan Gu. "CaCu3Ti4O12 electrospun fibre: A new form of CaCu3Ti4O12 and its dielectric property." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 549 (February 2013): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.09.083.

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9

You, Jing Han, Xiao Yang Gong, Tong Wei Li, Qing Dong Chen, and Li Ben Li. "Dielectric Properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.253.

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CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics were prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method and the dielectric properties were investigated, the activation energy and relaxation time factor of the samples were calculated. Debye relaxation theory was attempted to analyze the experimental datum, the static and high-frequency dielectric constants were obtained according to Cole-Cole spectra. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of CaCu3Ti4O12 were fitted by computer and the theoretical results nearly agree with experimental results.
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10

Luo, Feng Chao, Jin Liang He, Jun Hu, and Yuan Hua Lin. "Influence of Slight Bismuth Additive on the Properties of Calcium Copper Titanate Ceramic." Advanced Materials Research 105-106 (April 2010): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.105-106.274.

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The CaCu3Ti4O12 samples with slight amount of doped bismuth were prepared and tested in this research. No second phase with bismuth was found in the doped samples. It was inferred that the bismuth ions has entered the lattice and take the place of the calcium ions. The grain size was diminished with the increase of the bismuth content. The bismuth atoms can inhibit the grains from growing large, and it could be used to modify the microstructure of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic. The reduction of the grain size resulted in the decrease of the relative dielectric constant, according to the “internal barrier layer capacitance (IBLC)” theory. The impedance measurements showed that the doped samples have less conductivity and lower potential barrier at the grain boundaries, and the substitution of the bismuth ions on the calcium cites might be the reason for it. As a result of the lowered potential barrier, the non-ohmic I-V property of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic almost disappears in the doped ones.
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11

Chen, Kai, Chenxi Huang, Xirui Zhang, Yuanlie Yu, Kenny Lau, Wanbiao Hu, Qian Li, et al. "Negative magnetodielectric effect in CaCu3Ti4O12." Journal of Applied Physics 114, no. 23 (December 21, 2013): 234104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4851815.

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12

Delugas, P., P. Alippi, and V. Raineri. "Native point defects in CaCu3Ti4O12." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 8 (February 1, 2010): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/8/1/012015.

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13

Ke, Shanming, Haitao Huang, and Huiqing Fan. "Relaxor behavior in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Applied Physics Letters 89, no. 18 (October 30, 2006): 182904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2374682.

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14

Wang, C. C., and L. W. Zhang. "Surface-layer effect in CaCu3Ti4O12." Applied Physics Letters 88, no. 4 (January 23, 2006): 042906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2168495.

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15

Hutagalung, Sabar D., M. Ikhwan M. Ibrahim, and Zainal A. Ahmad. "Microwave assisted sintering of CaCu3Ti4O12." Ceramics International 34, no. 4 (May 2008): 939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2007.09.074.

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16

Luo, Xiao-jing, Chang-ping Yang, Xue-ping Song, Chang Huang, Rui-long Wang, Ling-fang Xu, and K. Bärner. "Voltage dependent capacitances in CaCu3Ti4O12." Journal of Applied Physics 109, no. 8 (April 15, 2011): 084113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3562180.

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17

Wan, Wei, Wenhua Tang, Meizhen Tao, Hailin Cao, Junrong Luo, Wen-xiang Yuan, and Tai Qiu. "Green gelcasting of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 31, no. 7 (February 20, 2020): 5360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03096-1.

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18

Srivastava, Anshuman, Pralay Maiti, Devendra Kumar, and Om Parkash. "Mechanical and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 and La doped CaCu3Ti4O12 poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites." Composites Science and Technology 93 (March 2014): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.12.025.

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19

Srivastava, Anshuman, Karun Kumar Jana, Pralay Maiti, Devendra Kumar, and Om Parkash. "Mechanical and Dielectric Behaviour of CaCu3Ti4O12 and Nb Doped CaCu3Ti4O12 Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composites." Journal of Composites 2014 (December 14, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/769379.

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PVDF has been reinforced with different amount of CaCu3Ti4-5x/4NbxO12 with x=0.05 powder prepared by solid state ceramic method. Composites were prepared by melt extrusion method. Phase composition was studied using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructural, dielectric, and mechanical properties have also been studied. These composites have Young’s modulus more than that of pure PVDF. Two dielectric relaxations, one at low frequency and the other at high frequency, have been observed in these composites. Dielectric relaxation at low frequencies is of Maxwell-Wagner type while the one observed at high frequency is due to hopping of electrons among different valent states of transition metal ions. Nature of dielectric relaxation has been analysed using H-N function.
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20

Srivastava, Anshuman, Karun Kumar Jana, Pralay Maiti, Devendra Kumar, and Om Parkash. "Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/ CaCu3Ti4O12 and La doped CaCu3Ti4O12 composites with improved dielectric and mechanical properties." Materials Research Bulletin 70 (October 2015): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.05.030.

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21

Qian, Chao, Tianwen Zhu, Weiwen Zheng, Runxin Bei, Siwei Liu, Dingshan Yu, Zhenguo Chi, Yi Zhang, and Jiarui Xu. "Improving Dielectric Properties and Thermostability of CaCu3Ti4O12/Polyimide Composites by Employing Surface Hydroxylated CaCu3Ti4O12 Particles." ACS Applied Polymer Materials 1, no. 6 (April 9, 2019): 1263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.9b00010.

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22

Yu, Hong Tao, Wen Bo Zhang, Jing Song Liu, Lin Hong Cao, and Han Xing Liu. "A Simple Model for Predicating Dielectric Constant of CaCu3Ti4O12-SrTiO3 Composite Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 689 (June 2011): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.689.24.

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In this work, we have proposed a simple model to predicte the dielectric constant of CaCu3Ti4O12-SrTiO3composite ceramics. The model has been established based on the analysis of composition and microstructure. Two different compositions in the composite ceramics correspond to two different grain sizes, large for CaCu3Ti4O12, and small for SrTiO3, which has been identified by the x-ray diffraction, the scanning electron microscope and the energy spectrum analysis. All specimens have been assumed to be the barrier layer dielectrics in the model, according to the complex impedance spectra. The dielectric constant of serial, parallel, and logarithmic mixture models has been discussed. Compared with the experimental results, the model shows the similar variation tendency as SrTiO3content increases.
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23

Ramajo, Leandro Alfredo, Miguel Angel Ramírez, Paulo Roberto Bueno, María Marta Reboredo, and Miriam Susana Castro. "Dielectric behaviour of CaCu3Ti4O12-epoxy composites." Materials Research 11, no. 1 (March 2008): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-14392008000100016.

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24

Li Sheng-Tao, Wang Hui, Lin Chun-Jiang, and Li Jian-Ying. "Dielectric modulus response of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic." Acta Physica Sinica 62, no. 8 (2013): 087701. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.62.087701.

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25

Calvert, Clair C., W. Mark Rainforth, Derek C. Sinclair, and Anthony R. West. "EELS characterisation of bulk CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Micron 37, no. 5 (July 2006): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2005.12.007.

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26

Schmidt, Rainer, Shubhra Pandey, Patrick Fiorenza, and Derek C. Sinclair. "Non-stoichiometry in “CaCu3Ti4O12” (CCTO) ceramics." RSC Advances 3, no. 34 (2013): 14580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra41319e.

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27

Wang, Chih-Ming, Kuo-Sheng Kao, Shih-Yuan Lin, Ying-Chung Chen, and Shang-Chih Weng. "Processing and properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 69, no. 2-3 (February 2008): 608–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.07.049.

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28

Tararam, R., I. K. Bdikin, N. Panwar, J. A. Varela, P. R. Bueno, and A. L. Kholkin. "Nanoscale electromechanical properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Journal of Applied Physics 110, no. 5 (September 2011): 052019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3623767.

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29

Ahmad, Mohamad M. "Giant dielectric constant in CaCu3Ti4O12 nanoceramics." Applied Physics Letters 102, no. 23 (June 10, 2013): 232908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4811154.

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30

Lu, Zhen-Ya, Xiao-Ming Li, and Jian-Qing Wu. "Voltage-Current Nonlinearity of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 95, no. 2 (December 23, 2011): 476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.05025.x.

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31

Chen, Wan Ping, Wang Xiang, Ming Sen Guo, Wen Chao You, Xing Zhong Zhao, and Helen Lai Wah Chan. "Hydrogen-induced degradation in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 422, no. 1-2 (September 2006): L9—L12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.12.013.

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32

Luo, X. J., S. Yang, X. R. Su, Y. Y. Zhu, Y. Wang, S. L. Tang, C. P. Yang, Y. S. Liu, and K. Bärner. "Deep trap states relaxation in CaCu3Ti4O12." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 814 (January 2020): 152185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152185.

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33

Liang, Fei, Yifei Zhao, Xizi Chen, Qianxing Wan, and Wenzhong Lü. "Dielectric Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene/CaCu3Ti4O12 Composites." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 34, no. 1 (February 2019): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-019-2034-x.

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34

Mohammadi, M., P. Alizadeh, and F. J. Clemens. "Synthesis of CaCu3Ti4O12 nanofibers by electrospinning." Ceramics International 41, no. 10 (December 2015): 13417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.07.130.

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35

Mitsugi, Masakazu, Shutaro Asanuma, Yoshiaki Uesu, Mamoru Fukunaga, Wataru Kobayashi, and Ichiro Terasaki. "Origin of colossal dielectric response of CaCu3Ti4O12 studied by using CaTiO3∕CaCu3Ti4O12∕CaTiO3 multilayer thin films." Applied Physics Letters 90, no. 24 (June 11, 2007): 242904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2748854.

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36

Yuan, Wen-Xiang, and S. K. Hark. "Investigation on the origin of the giant dielectric constant in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics through analyzing CaCu3Ti4O12–HfO2 composites." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 32, no. 2 (February 2012): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.09.021.

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37

de Carvalho, E., Marcelo Bertolete, Izabel Fernanda Machado, and E. N. S. Muccillo. "Effect of the Dwell Temperature on Spark Plasma Sintered CaCu3Ti4O12." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 982–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.982.

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Polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics were prepared by solid state reactions by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. In this study, the effects of the dwell temperature on structural, microstructural and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics have been investigated. Powder mixtures were calcined at 900°C for 18 h before SPS consolidation. The dwell temperatures were 850, 900, 915 and 930°C. Sintered pellets were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns show evidences of a single-phase perovskite-type structure. The calculated lattice parameter is 7.40 Å. The hydrostatic density increases slightly with increasing dwell temperature. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed a heterogeneous microstructure for all samples. The dielectric loss remains constant over a wide temperature range. The obtained permittivity is approximately 103 at 1 kHz. The increase of the dwell temperature is found to produce a brittle ceramic.
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38

He, Ying, Huai Wu Zhang, Yuan Xun Li, Wei Wei Ling, Yun Yan Wang, and Peng Liu. "Dielectric Properties of Li-Doped CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.251.

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CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics doped with 0-2.0 wt% Li2CO3 were prepared by the solid-state reaction, and their electric and dielectric properties were investigated. It is found that these ceramics had the properties of high dielectric constant and comparatively low dielectric loss. At the doping amount of 0.5 wt%, the dielectric constant is kept to be 105 with weak frequency dependence below 105 Hz, and its loss tangent (tan δ) is suppressed below 0.1 between 300 Hz-5 kHz (with the minimum value of 0.06 at 1 kHz from 218 K to 338 K). The impedance spectroscopy analysis confirms that the decrease of dielectric loss is mainly due to the increase of resistance in the grain boundary, which may be related to the influence of Ti4O7 secondary phase. Our result indicates that doping Li2CO3 is an efficient method to optimize the dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12.
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39

HAO, Wen-Tao, Jia-Liang ZHANG, Pan-Pan XU, En-Si CAO, and Hua PENG. "Dielectric Property of High Density CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics." Journal of Inorganic Materials 29, no. 1 (April 23, 2014): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1077.2014.13050.

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40

Wang, C. C., Y. J. Yan, L. W. Zhang, M. Y. Cui, G. L. Xie, and B. S. Cao. "Maxwell–Wagner relaxation in CaCu3Ti4O12/Ag composites." Scripta Materialia 54, no. 8 (April 2006): 1501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.047.

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41

Yang Yan and Li Sheng-Tao. "Microstructure and DC conduction properties of CaCu3Ti4O12." Acta Physica Sinica 58, no. 9 (2009): 6376. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.58.6376.

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42

Li, Tao, Jing Chen, Haiyang Dai, Dewei Liu, Huiwen Xiang, and Zhenping Chen. "Dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12–silicone rubber composites." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 26, no. 1 (October 19, 2014): 312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2401-5.

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43

Marchin, Loïc, Sophie Guillemet-Fritsch, and Bernard Durand. "Soft chemistry synthesis of the perovskite CaCu3Ti4O12." Progress in Solid State Chemistry 36, no. 1-2 (January 2008): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2007.10.001.

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44

Mohamed, Julie J., Sabar D. Hutagalung, M. Fadzil Ain, Karim Deraman, and Zainal A. Ahmad. "Microstructure and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic." Materials Letters 61, no. 8-9 (April 2007): 1835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2006.07.192.

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45

Xu, L. F., P. B. Qi, S. S. Chen, R. L. Wang, and C. P. Yang. "Dielectric properties of bismuth doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Materials Science and Engineering: B 177, no. 6 (April 2012): 494–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2012.02.001.

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46

Tararam, R., E. Joanni, R. Savu, P. R. Bueno, E. Longo, and J. A. Varela. "Resistive-Switching Behavior in Polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 Nanorods." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 3, no. 2 (January 18, 2011): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am101079g.

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Alippi, Paola, Vincenzo Fiorentini, and Alessio Filippetti. "Electronic Structure of Bulk and Defected CaCu3Ti4O12." ECS Transactions 3, no. 3 (December 21, 2019): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2355720.

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Get’man, E. I., S. N. Loboda, and M. A. Sidorkina. "CaCu3Ti4O12-Based materials with variable copper content." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 54, no. 3 (March 2009): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036023609030024.

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49

Shri Prakash, B., and K. B. R. Varma. "Ferroelectriclike and pyroelectric behavior of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics." Applied Physics Letters 90, no. 8 (February 19, 2007): 082903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2539724.

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50

Sławiński, Wojciech, Radosław Przeniosło, Dariusz Wardecki, Izabela Sosnowska, Adrian Hill, Andrew N. Fitch, and Mario Bieringer. "Dilemma on the crystal structure of CaCu3Ti4O12." Materials Research Express 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 016306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/1/1/016306.

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