Journal articles: 'Cadastral Map'

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Roić, Miodrag, Josip Križanović, and Doris Pivac. "An Approach to Resolve Inconsistencies of Data in the Cadastre." Land 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10010070.

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A cadastre, as one of the key registers of land administration, must be maintained to provide up-to-date land information. Before digitization, technical and alphanumerical datasets were maintained separately, leading to redundant data. This resulted in numerous inconsistencies between the cadastral map and the register, leading to the loss of integrity of these authoritative data. The fact that the cadastral map and the register are in the electronic form today does not guarantee their integrity and quality. The aim of this research was to develop a methodology for analyzing and resolving the inconsistencies between a cadastral map and a register, which were indicated by the differences found in the quality controls in cadastral map vectorization projects. A detailed analysis of the differences between the cadastral map and the register data resulted with systematization of causes and the sources of errors, which then led to the inconsistencies between the two cadastral datasets. The cadastral datasets required for such an analysis were scanned and georeferenced cadastral map sheets, vectorized cadastral map, and vectorization reports. The proposed methodology was tested on three cadastral municipalities in Croatia, namely Dol, Postira, and Stobreč. A detailed analysis of each individual inconsistency showed that the inconsistencies were caused not only by the maintenance errors but also by other processes that affected the cadastral datasets throughout their lifetime.

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Popov, Andriy. "LAND CADASTRE DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED." Geodesy and cartography 45, no. 3 (October 25, 2019): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/gac.2019.7121.

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Cadastral information is a key component for many land use functions and a core to the effective land markets, land use and sustainable development. These applications require up-to-date, reliable and complete data. This paper focuses on one aspect of land cadastre – identification of the objects of the cadastre. The characteristics and development of the existing cadastral system are discussed. We follow an empirical approach and propose an overview how and in what form the objects of state land cadastre are identified and registered in Ukraine. The paper analyses the problems associated with the plurality of the land cadastre objects. It is proposed to remove the registration numbers of the state land cadastre objects and new cadastral numbers of the land parcel from the legislation and return the legalization of the old cadastral number of the land parcel. The paper also underlines the necessity to consider the land parcel as a single object of the state land cadastre. Finally, it is proposed that the cadastral number of restrictions in the use of the land parcel will be an immense advantage in land registration and in visualisation the restrictions on the public cadastral map of Ukraine.

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Hashim, N. M., A. H. Omar, K. M. Omar, N. M. Abdullah, and M. H. M. Yatim. "CADASTRAL POSITIONING ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT: A CASE STUDY IN MALAYSIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W1 (September 30, 2016): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w1-265-2016.

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Cadastral map is a parcel-based information which is specifically designed to define the limitation of boundaries. In Malaysia, the cadastral map is under authority of the Department of Surveying and Mapping Malaysia (DSMM). With the growth of spatial based technology especially Geographical Information System (GIS), DSMM decided to modernize and reform its cadastral legacy datasets by generating an accurate digital based representation of cadastral parcels. These legacy databases usually are derived from paper parcel maps known as certified plan. The cadastral modernization will result in the new cadastral database no longer being based on single and static parcel paper maps, but on a global digital map. Despite the strict process of the cadastral modernization, this reform has raised unexpected queries that remain essential to be addressed. The main focus of this study is to review the issues that have been generated by this transition. The transformed cadastral database should be additionally treated to minimize inherent errors and to fit them to the new satellite based coordinate system with high positional accuracy. This review result will be applied as a foundation for investigation to study the systematic and effectiveness method for Positional Accuracy Improvement (PAI) in cadastral database modernization.

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Cvijetinovic, Z., M. Avramovic, and D. Mihajlovic. "Digital cadastral map as foundation of coordinate based cadastre of Serbia." Survey Review 47, no. 343 (September 23, 2014): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1752270614y.0000000131.

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Alwan, Imzahim, Noor Hamed, and Haifaa Husien. "Accuracy assessment of cadastral maps using high resolution aerial photos." MATEC Web of Conferences 162 (2018): 03025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816203025.

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A cadastral map is a map that shows the boundaries and ownership of land parcels. Some cadastral maps show additional details, such as survey district names, unique identifying numbers for parcels, certificate of title numbers, positions of existing structures, section or lot numbers and their respective areas, adjoining and adjacent street names, selected boundary dimensions and references to prior maps. In Iraq / Baghdad Governorate, the main problem is that the cadastral maps are georeferenced to a local geodetic datum known as Clark 1880 while the widely used reference system for navigation purpose (GPS and GNSS) and uses Word Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) as a base reference datum. The objective of this paper is to produce a cadastral map with scale 1:500 (metric scale) by using aerial photographs 2009 with high ground spatial resolution 10 cm reference WGS84 system. The accuracy assessment for the cadastral maps updating approach to urban large scale cadastral maps (1:500-1:1000) was ± 0.115 meters; which complies with the American Social for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Standards (ASPRS).

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Zeng, Zhen Hua. "The Primary Exploration for the Using of South CASS7.0 Mapping System Drawing Profile Map." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.26.

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Southern surveying and mapping instruments company CASS terrain, cadastral mapping software is based on AutoCAD platform technology of digital mapping data acquisition system. Widely used to terrain mapping, cadastral mapping, engineering survey three major areas of application, by using terrain mapping, cadastral mapping software of CASS7.0,the author explored a method about using terrain mapping, cadastral mapping software of CASS7.0 to drawing profile map, through the application for line project theoretical and practical research to achieve the desired effect, solved the problem by using terrain mapping, cadastral mapping software of CASS7.0.

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Bui, Quy Ngoc, Tuan Anh Pham, Quan Anh Duong, Hiep Van Pham, Kien Trung Tran, Tu Xuan Hoang, Dong Dai Nguyen, Duc Danh Nguyen, and Hung Viet Nguyen. "Research on application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in cadastral mapping of arable land." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2020.61(5).05.

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Cadastral maps are an important part of cadastral documents, they are legal component of land administration in local authorities. Traditionally, a cadastral map is established by using land surveying methods which can provide high accuracy as required. In recent years, the UAV devices are developed and can provide an accurately tool for cadastral mapping on arable lands. This paper presents an evaluation of UAV application in cadastral mapping in comparison with traditional surveying for arable land. The results show that using UAV images in the mapping of agricultural land can achieve ground accuracy of 1,7 cm and height accuracy of 0,6 cm; In addition, when comparing the average accuracy of the 30 plot vertices and the mean lengths from 29 pairs of edges between the newly created map from the UAV image data and the map provided by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Phu Tho province, respectively is: 0,181 m and: 0,051 m.

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Tykhenko, Olha, and Nataliia Bavrovska. "Cadastral data as a basis for rational use and protection of land." Baltic Surveying 13 (November 16, 2020): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.balticsurveying.2020.vol13.009.

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Without cadastral information, it is difficult to make any decisions about land. But in order for the system of state land cadastre to work effectively, it is necessary that the information in it is up-to-date, complete and reliable. The article analyzes in detail the existing legislative and regulatory acts and draws conclusions from the methodological principles of keeping the state land cadastre in the part concerning the consideration of factors of influence on the quality of land accounting. The status of agricultural land use was monitored and land conservation measures recommended. The authors have analyzed in detail the public information on the soil cover of Ukraine, which is displayed on the Public Cadastral Map of Ukraine. The necessity of enrichment of the cadastre with new information and indicators is investigated, which allows to solve a wider range of problems regarding the use of land as a spatial basis and the purpose of development of the multifunctional cadastre.

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Navratil, G., and V. Leopoldseder. "VISUALIZING THE QUALITY OF VECTUR FEATURES – A PROPOSAL FOR CADASTRAL MAPS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 12, 2017): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-537-2017.

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A well-known problem of geographical information is the communication of the quality level. It can be either done verbally / numerically or it can be done graphically. The graphical form is especially useful if the quality has a spatial variation because the spatial distribution is visualized as well. The problem of spatial variation of quality is an issue for cadastral maps. Non-experts cannot determine the quality at a specific location. Therefore a visual representation was tested for the Austrian cadastre. A map sheet was redesigned to give some indication of cadastral quality and presented to both experts and non-experts. The paper presents the result of the interviews.

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Liu, Mao Hua, Mao Han, and Ji Jin Wang. "The Research of Temporal Application Problems in Cadastral Information System." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 2293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2293.

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According to the time characteristic of the space data in Cadastral Management Information System of cadastral data description, implementation, operation, storage, query, analysis and display. On a regional map as the base map, virtual land registration data as the experimental data. Experiment system to a ground of temporal information query, parcel information recorded, and related functions such as database shows, and complete the cases of dynamic management of the region. Combined with dynamic time attribute, to show different time of spatial location and the change of attribute information. Through the establishment and improvement of experimental system, to display temporal information in the cadastral database highlighted,enrich the content of the cadastral data. It Is advantageous to the space-time evolution simulation of cadastral data, and provide technical support for the management and decision-making

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Liu, Fei, Wataru Ohyama, Tetsushi Wakabayashi, and Fumitaka Kimura. "Cadastral Map Assembling Using Generalized Hough Transformation." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 127, no. 11 (2007): 1894–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1894.

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Demidova, Polina, Olga Kolesnik, and Hasan Al Fatin. "3D Modelling in solution of cadastral and geodetic tasks." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 07014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016407014.

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The main purpose of this study is demonstrating possibilities of using 3D modelling in solving scientific and practical problems et the field of geodesy and cadastre. Increasing number of publications on this topic among Russian and foreign authors are shown. The article considers examples of creating three-dimensional models for the purposes of cadastre and geodesy. A 3D model of cadastral registration of a complex object (gas station) in the specialized software ArchiCad together with Google Earth is presented. The composition of each stage and data set of each “step” of cadastral works in relation to such objects in Russian Federation are proposed. The article considers shortcomings of legal regulation in relation to 3D cadastre at the present stage. In addition, three-dimensional models of the Dukan reservoir (Iraq), showing water levels at different times, were modelled. They based on digital data obtained from the digitized contour map. And it were used such software products like GlobalMapper, ArcMap and ArcScene. After analyzing the regulatory sources, conclusions about the lack of legal regulation in relation to the 3D cadastre in the Russian Federation were made.

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Poornima, A., R. Jagadeeswaran, Balaji Kannan, and R. Sivasamy. "Generating cadastral base for Kolathupalayam village in Tamil Nadu from high resolution LISS IV sensor data." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 2007–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1078.

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In the present study an attempt was made to generate cadastral base from high resolution satellite image (LISS IV) and to integrate with land use land cover information. The digital cadastral map with survey number for Kolathupalayam village in Erode district of Tamil Nadu was scanned, digitized and parcels were extracted. Similarly parcels or field boundaries were digitized and extracted from satellite image and were statistically compared by area. The area obtained from both the source through digitization correlated well with a pearson correlation of 0.87 and it was significant at 5 per cent. Thus, the area comparisons from both methods are significant indicating boundaries of individual fields generated from satellite image matched well with the one generated from cadastral map. The cadastral base generated from satellite image was overlaid on the classified image (level III output) to identify and generate land cover information against each survey number. Thus, the LISS IV data can be used for the identification and extraction of cadastral boundaries with good accuracy.

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Med, Michal, and Petr Souček. "Development and testing of INSPIRE themes Addresses (AD) and Administrative Units (AU) managed by COSMC." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 11 (December 28, 2013): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.11.6.

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Main content of this article is to describe implementing INSPIRE themes Addresses and Administrative Units in Czech Republic. Themes were implemented by Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre. Implementation contains developing GML files with data and designing its structure, developing and testing of INSPIRE services and preparing metadata for data and services. Besides harmonised INSPIRE themes COSMC manages also non-harmonised themes Cadastral map (KM) and Units eXtended (UX).

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Gagnon, Roy. "Cadastral plotting by similarity transformation." CISM journal 42, no. 2 (July 1988): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1988-0011.

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Cadastral maps generated from digitizing tabloids have too many sources of error to be reliable when plotted at large scales. To improve the 1:1000 cadastral map, three numerical methods were tested during twenty-seven mapping projects. The systems studied were: complex number similarity transformation, simultaneous similarity transformation, and iterative similarity transformation. There were several “human interface” difficulties with the computer routines but all of the programs were found to be reliable, and cost effective. All of the resulting cadastral maps are in daily use. Numerical transformation was found superior to digital methods of cadastral compilation.

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Zakir Najafova, Narmin. "PROCEDURE OF TENDENCY MAP ON THE BASIS OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM OF JALILABAD CADASTRY DISTRICT." SCIENTIFIC WORK 66, no. 05 (May 20, 2021): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/66/77-80.

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As the inclination increases, soil erosion and, in general, the process of erosion on the slopes intensifies, the moisture content of the soil and soil-forming rocks decreases, the growth of agricultural crops and pastures weakens, and productivity decreases. Taking all this into account, we have developed a slope map with degrees based on the digital elevation model of the Jalilabad cadastral region (DEM file). Slope study and mapping is one of the key measures to protect soils from erosion as well as to combat erosion. When the slope reaches 3-4°, the washing of the soil is even faster. It is not recommended to plow the fields when the slope is 8-10° and more. From this point of view, as a result of our research, the inclination of the Jalilabad cadastral region has been studied. The lowest inclination range in the study area is 0-20. Low inclination is observed mainly in the plains of Jalilabad cadastral region. As you ascend to the heights, there is an increase in inclination. Taking into account the propensity in agriculture can lead to high yields. Key words: Inclination, Slope, Erosion, Geographic Information System (GIS), ESRI, ArcGis

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Ojeda-Zújar, José, Pablo Fraile-Jurado, and José Álvarez-Francoso. "Sea level rise inundation risk assessment in residential cadastral parcels along the Mediterranean Andalusian coast." Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 47, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cig.4744.

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The general objective of this article is to present the methodological approach for the assessment of the inundation risks associated with the rise in the mean sea level for different models and scenarios of climatic change (IPCC, 2013 and Jevrejeva et al., 2012). The approach focuses on the assessment of the hazard, exposure and physical vulnerability of the built areas, especially the residential areas along the Mediterranean coast of Andalusia (Spain). For hazards calculation a set of tide gauges’ data and climatic scenarios were analyzed to obtain future sea levels for all the spectrum of probabilities. Further, a method is proposed for mapping the probability associated with each scenario using a 5 m cell size DTM. For exposure and vulnerability assessment of built up areas, especially for residential ones, the National Cadastre, which is the most detailed set of data, have been used. Modeling the original cadastral data in a spatial database management system and their analysis through SQL sentences have made possible to identify the cadastral parcels with residential use and associated variables (area, number of residential real estate units, constructed area below ground, etc..), being therefore the cadastral parcel the spatial reference unit for mapping. The overlay of cadastral parcels and the inundation hazard maps has allowed identifying the residential cadastral parcels exposed to each climatic scenario. A method is proposed for better identification of the number of real estate units in each cadastral parcel, assuming this number as the base for residential parcel vulnerability. Finally, the risk assessment is calculated as the product of the previous variables. For the dissemination of the inundation risk assessment results, a web application (geoviewer) was developed. Results show that for the more pessimistic scenario more than 24,000 exposed cadastral parcels would be affected. Out of that, 13,000 exposed residential cadastral parcels were identified and their hazards, exposure and vulnerability calculated in order to map the final inundation risk associated with future sea levels.

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Mothi Kumar, K. E., S. Singh, P. Attri, R. Kumar, A. Kumar, Sarika, R. S. Hooda, et al. "GIS based Cadastral level Forest Information System using World View-II data in Bir Hisar (Haryana)." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-605-2014.

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Identification and demarcation of Forest lands on the ground remains a major challenge in Forest administration and management. Cadastral forest mapping deals with forestlands boundary delineation and their associated characterization (forest/non forest). The present study is an application of high resolution World View-II data for digitization of Protected Forest boundary at cadastral level with integration of Records of Right (ROR) data. Cadastral vector data was generated by digitization of spatial data using scanned mussavies in ArcGIS environment. Ortho-images were created from World View-II digital stereo data with Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system with WGS 84 datum. Cadastral vector data of Bir Hisar (Hisar district, Haryana) and adjacent villages was spatially adjusted over ortho-image using ArcGIS software. Edge matching of village boundaries was done with respect to khasra boundaries of individual village. The notified forest grids were identified on ortho-image and grid vector data was extracted from georeferenced cadastral data. Cadastral forest boundary vectors were digitized from ortho-images. Accuracy of cadastral data was checked by comparison of randomly selected geo-coordinates points, tie lines and boundary measurements of randomly selected parcels generated from image data set with that of actual field measurements. Area comparison was done between cadastral map area, the image map area and RoR area. The area covered under Protected Forest was compared with ROR data and within an accuracy of less than 1 % from ROR area was accepted. The methodology presented in this paper is useful to update the cadastral forest maps. The produced GIS databases and large-scale Forest Maps may serve as a data foundation towards a land register of forests. The study introduces the use of very high resolution satellite data to develop a method for cadastral surveying through on - screen digitization in a less time as compared to the old fashioned cadastral parcel boundaries surveying method.

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Gopikrishnan, T., and S. S. Ramakrishnan. "Projection analysis for cadastral mapping." Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas 19, no. 4 (December 2013): 729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1982-217020130004000013.

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Maps are created for different purposes. Among the various types of maps, cadastral maps are created by cadastral surveying. Cadastral maps are used for management of land and land-related activities by Government organisations or other institutions in various countries. Cadastral map making is both an art and a science, and the data about a surveyed land parcel are collected and incorporated in cadastral maps. Technological development has resulted in the development of simple methods for cadastral mapping. The Indian cadastral system for the state of Tamil Nadu is described in this paper. The challenges of conversion while scanning conventional paper-based land records to make digital records are explained. The procedure for selecting an appropriate projection system for scanned digital conventional records is elaborated on. A statistical application for identifying the nature of the data is shown. An inverse ranking system is used to identify a suitable projection system. Projection research is important in cadastral mapping when digitally processing a large number of land records in a country. The described method is effective for identification of a suitable projection system.

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Kim, IL. "An Analysis on the Application of Cadastral Survey to World Geodetic System Transformed Cadastral Map." Journal of the Korean Cadastre Information Association 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46416/jkcia.2020.04.22.1.3.

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Moon, Jung-kyun, Seon-bong Yoo, Hong-gyoo Sohn, and Yonng-sun Cho. "Conflicting Maps: How Legal Perspectives Could Minimize Zoning Cancellation in Republic of Korea." Land 10, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030256.

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The purpose of this paper is to propose legal and policy enhancements that may prevent the cancellation of the legal force of zoning due to discord with the Korean Land Use Regulation Map (LURM) and secure legal stability. The legal force of zoning has been canceled because of the discordance of the LURM with past cadastral maps, and this has led to confusion regarding zoning decisions and even the postponement and cancellation of public projects. Here, the causes of LURM discordance and legal cancellation of zoning were identified and evaluated through judicial precedents. We found that improper use of data and adoption of tolerance caused the cancellations. To remedy these problems, we suggest the disclosure and application of cadastral computerized data instead of serial cadastral maps during LURM production activities to justify the legal adoption of allowable errors. We also recommend the widespread introduction of legal fiction for the rapid production of digital cadastral maps. Zoning cancellation could be minimized through such enhancements, and the map could allow people to visualize elements more conveniently. Moreover, this study aims to expand relevant legal mapping.

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Song, De Rui, Ke Cao, and Yu Hao. "The Implement of Parcel Sea Map Automatic Mapping Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 1891–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.1891.

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Parcel Sea Map mapping is currently implemented by manual, which causes the task tedious and error prone. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes an automatic mapping method for Parcel Sea Map. The boundary point data are basic mapping elements, which are obtained from sea cadastral survey. The mapping result can be demonstrated by two aspects: convex polygon and concave polygon. For convex polygon, well known left-turn and convex hull algorithms are adopted. For concave polygon, two algorithms are proposed. One is enumeration and the other is cutting algorithm. The above two mapping results can finally be determined by the inspector from sea cadastral survey. Experiments show that Parcel Sea Map automatic mapping can efficiently reduce the manual burden of present mapping.

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Takahashi, Yusuke, Liu Fei, Wataru Ohyama, Tetsushi Wakabayashi, and Fumitaka Kimura. "Direction Estimation Using Square Lattice and Cadastral Map Assembling." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 130, no. 12 (2010): 2150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.130.2150.

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Sharma, Gajendra, and Gopal Narayan Bhujel. "An Assessment on Cadastral Map Update Technologies in Nepal." Crisis and Emergency Management 13, no. 7 (July 30, 2017): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2017.13.7.133.

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Krupnik, A., and B. Shmutter. "Automated editing of data digitized from a cadastral map." CISM journal 46, no. 4 (January 1992): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1992-0037.

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Pierce, Margaret. "The cadastral map in the service of the state." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 17 (March 1, 1994): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp17.948.

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Kratochvílová, Anna, and Václav Petráš. "Quantum GIS plugin for Czech cadastral data." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 8 (October 14, 2012): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.8.7.

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This paper presents new Quantum GIS plugin for Czech cadastral data and its development. QGIS is a rapidly developing cross-platform desktop Geographic Information System (GIS) released under the GNU GPL. QGIS is written in C++, and uses the Qt library. The plugin is developed in C++, too. The new plugin can work with Czech cadastral data in the new Czech cadastral exchange data format called VFK (or NVF). Data are accessed through VFK driver of the OGR library. The plugin should facilitate the work with cadastral data by easy search and presenting well arranged information. Information is displayed in the way similar to web applications, thus the control is friendly and familiar for users. The plugin supports interaction with map using QGIS functionality and it is able to export various cadastral reports. This paper provides ideas which can be generalized to develop QGIS plugin dealing with specific data.

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Shmutter, B., and Y. Doytsher. "Matching a set of digitized cadastral maps." CISM journal 46, no. 3 (October 1992): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1992-0029.

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Errors inherent in the digitizing process inevitably lead to variations in the locations of boundaries of neighboring cadastral blocks. It then becomes necessary to adjust the digitized data to compensate for discrepancies and discontinuities in the digitized cadastral information. For this purpose it is proposed that a procedure commonly used in aerial triangulation be adopted. Each map is regarded as an equivalent to a single photograph and a set of neighboring maps as a photogrammetric block. A system of appropriate equations is formed to adjust the “block”. Points lying on boundaries of adjacent cadastral blocks are the substitute for the transfer and tie points used in photogrammetry, and traverse or trigpoints available on the maps constitute the control data. The results of this procedure are: “orientation” data for each map to transform its content to the state plane coordinate system and adjusted coordinates of points positioned on boundaries shared by neighboring maps.

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Čeh, Gielsdorf, Trobec, Krivic, and Lisec. "Improving the Positional Accuracy of Traditional Cadastral Index Maps with Membrane Adjustment in Slovenia." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080338.

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The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the improvement in positional accuracy (PAI) of cadastral boundary points’ coordinates through the adjustment of a large set of digital cadastral index maps of rural regions based on traditional Franciscan-origin maps of heterogeneous geometric quality. The distribution of residuals of local coordinates of reference points onto the as yet unconnected neighboring points is researched. In this article, we use the adjustment method based on neighborhood transformation with a mechanical membrane model deriving from Hooke’s Law and consider a general case study of a Slovenian traditional cadastral graphic database of various historical origins. The number of geometric errors in fieldbook information from outdated measurement technologies and inappropriate implementations of cadastral index map geometric maintenance reduces the number of complying datasets of relative geometry by 50%. Previous experiments in traditional cadastral index maps of rural regions, with triangle-based piecewise affine plane transformation (RMSE = 2.4 m), have been improved by the membrane method (RMSE = 1.0 m), based on tests at 623 control points. Positional accuracy improvement of cadastral geospatial data and the integration of geometric subsystems provided recognizable benefits for the future maintenance of a unique, integrated, centralized graphical cadastral subsystem, which is in the testing phase in Slovenia.

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Sapkota, Ram Kumar, and Ganesh Prasad Bhatta. "Technical Aspects of Digitization of Cadastral Maps." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 13 (March 13, 2017): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v13i0.16936.

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Mankinds of the 21st century are seeking for qualitative matters. They can't be satisfied only with the normal service; they expect value added service i.e. qualitative service. To cope the customer's satisfaction, almost all sectors are enhancing their performance and service delivery system using the information technology. Digitization of cadastral map is very essential for providing effective, reliable and qualitative cadastral services. Having the digitized cadastral maps and GIS database we can have a lot of advantages related to storage, management, retrieval, analysis, dissemination, update as well as IT enabled effective and reliable cadastral service delivery. In the present context of being scarcity of conventional instruments, ammonia paper and other accessories, it is crucial to enroll into this process and modernize land information in order to run with time, technology and international community.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -13, 2014, Page: 42-50

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Hashim, N. M., A. H. Omar, K. M. Omar, M. A. Abbas, M. A. Mustafar, and S. A. Sulaiman. "CADASTRAL POSITIONING ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT (PAI): A CASE STUDY OF PRE-REQUISITE DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W16 (October 1, 2019): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w16-255-2019.

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Abstract. Nowadays, there is an increasing need for comprehensive spatial data management especially digital cadastral database (DCDB). Previously, the cadastral database is in hard copy map, then converted into digital format and subsequently updated. Theoretically, these legacy datasets have relatively low positional accuracy caused by limitation of traditional measurement, adjustment technique and technology changes over time. With the growth of spatial based technology especially Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) the Positional Accuracy Improvement (PAI) to the legacy cadastral database is inevitable. PAI is the refining process of the geometry feature in a geospatial dataset through integration between legacy and higher accuracy dataset to improve its actual position. However, by merely integrating both datasets will lead to a distortion of the relative geometry. Thus, an organized method is required to minimize inherent errors in fitting to the new accurate dataset. The focus of this study is to design a comprehensive data preparation for legacy cadastral datasets improvement. The elements of datum traceability, cadastral error propagation and weightage setting in adjustment will be focused to achieve the targeted objective. The proposed result can be applied as a foundation for PAI approach in cadastral database modernization.

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Dubrovsky, Alexey, Tamara Vereshchaka, Pavel Batin, and Olesya Malygina. "Development of an approach to cadastral valuation of real estate in areas of possible manifestations of natural disasters and emergency situation." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 1 (2020): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-1-26-190-202.

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The article presents the results of studies on the adjustment of cadastral value using a new factor-the probability of an emergency or natural disaster. A new term, emergency geospatial, has been introduced for the spatial definition of an emergency. The analysis of the legal regime of lands subject to emergency situations is carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the legal definition of the geospatial boundary of the emergency situation and the impact of emergencies on real estate. The characteristic of emergency situations, as well as the probability of their occurrence is given. The connection between the emergency situation and the cadastral value of real estate is shown. The dependence of the value of real estate on their location in the geospatial probable emergency. The technological scheme of determination of cadastral value of real estate objects in the zone of manifestation of an emergency situation is developed. A geoinformation project was carried out on the territory of the city of Novosibirsk. The most probable emergencies are taken into account. The map of zones of possible manifestation of emergency situations is made. The comparison of the cost of real estate in emergency zones, with objects analogues, located outside the emergency zone. The values of the correction factor for adjusting the cadastral value are proposed. The map of distribution of correction factors for adjustment of cadastral value of real estate objects in zones of possible manifestation of emergency situations is made. Work on the adjustment of the cadastral value of real estate located in the areas of possible manifestations of emergency situations is promising. First, the zones must be taken into account in modern urban policy and as much as possible to protect real estate and the population from the manifestation of emergency situations. Secondly, the reduction of cadastral value and taxes will allow owners to invest in insurance funds and insure real estate.

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Nobajas, Alexandre, and Francesc Nadal. "From historical map to online 3D recreation: the 1861 cadastral map of Horta (Barcelona)." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 42, no. 3 (January 8, 2015): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2014.998285.

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KAZACHENKO, L., R. CHUBUKIN, and V. KAZACHENKO. "GIS-technologies in the creation of planned geodesic basics for developing a general plan of a population." Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 42, no. II (September 1, 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-2-42-67-75.

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Purpose. The application of geodetic measuring systems and geodetic software in creating a planned geodetic basis for establishing the boundaries of the settlement or expanding its boundaries requires a modern cartographic basis in digital form and created a master plan. Methodology. This is achieved through geodetic measurements and computer processing of their results. GIS technologies and remote sensing in this case help to solve the problem quickly, accurately, efficiently and with the least time and money. Old cartographic materials, according to which geodetic surveys were carried out and which served as a basis for obsolete, do not meet modern requirements for the creation of cartographic products. Therefore, there is a need to update cartographic materials in new digital formats and enter in the created database of the State Land and Urban Cadastre, ie to fill the state cadastral system with information layers. The created information layers of the Public cadastral map and the Digitals software simplify the solution of problems of geodesy, cartography and land management. Entering information into the databases of the State Geocadastre and Urban Cadastre requires the creation of modern digital cartographic materials and electronic documents. DBNs adopted in Ukraine dictate certain requirements for the creation and design of appropriate cartographic materials for the development of Master Plans of settlements. Results. Geodetic surveys were performed on the research territory by electronic measuring systems and the results of measurements in the software were processed. The constructed plan-height substantiation of the territory of the settlement made it possible to create a digital map (model) of the area – CMM in a very short time. Scientific novelty. Such Digital maps are the basis for the creation of various cartographic materials in electronic form and can serve various purposes of the national economy. Such digital maps with the help of GIS technologies can be the filling of electronic resources of different industries and serve to fill different types of information about certain objects, phenomena, ie to monitor the land. Practical significance. The result of the study was the creation of a digital map of the settlement and entry in the databases of the State Land and Urban Cadastre information about the boundaries and structure by developing appropriate urban and land management documentation.

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Shmutter, B., and Y. Doytsher. "COMPUTERIZED SOLUTION FOR LAND SUBDIVISION." Canadian Surveyor 41, no. 1 (March 1987): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcs-1987-0003.

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Various problems arise in the process of replanning a land settlement and preparing a new cadastral map. These concern the processing of data digitized from maps, the intersecting of layers of information, and the preparation of data for graphical display. A software system for solving these problems has been developed and an account of its main features and examples illustrating the solutions are presented. The system can be executed on small computers (personal computers for example), is efficient and elevates cadastral mapping to a high level of automation.

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Park, Seula, and Ahram Song. "Discrepancy Analysis for Detecting Candidate Parcels Requiring Update of Land Category in Cadastral Map Using Hyperspectral UAV Images: A Case Study in Jeonju, South Korea." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3 (January 21, 2020): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030354.

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The non-spatial information of cadastral maps must be repeatedly updated to monitor recent changes in land property and to detect illegal land registrations by tax evaders. Since non-spatial information, such as land category, is usually updated by field-based surveys, it is time-consuming and only a limited area can be updated at a time. Although land categories can be updated by remote sensing techniques, the update is typically performed through manual analysis, namely through a visually interpreted comparison between the newly generated land information and the existing cadastral maps. A cost-effective, fast alternative to the current surveying methods would improve the efficiency of land management. For this purpose, the present study analyzes the discrepancy between the existing cadastral map and the actual land use. Our proposed method operates in two steps. First, an up-to-date land cover map is generated from hyperspectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images. These images are effectively classified by a hybrid two- and three-dimensional convolutional neural network. Second, a discrepancy map, which contains the ratio of the area that is being used differently from the registered land use in each parcel, is constructed through a three-stage inconsistency comparison. As a case study, the proposed method was evaluated using hyperspectral UAV images acquired at two sites of Jeonju in South Korea. The overall classification accuracies of six land classes at Sites 1 and 2 were 99.93% and 99.75% and those at Sites 1 and 2 are 39.4% and 34.4%, respectively, which had discrepancy ratios of 50% or higher. Finally, discrepancy maps between the land cover maps and existing cadastral maps were generated and visualized. The method automatically reveals the inconsistent parcels requiring updates of their land category. Although the performance of the proposed method depends on the classification results obtained from UAV imagery, the method allows a flexible modification of the matching criteria between the land categories and land coverage. Therefore, it is generalizable to various cadastral systems and the discrepancy ratios will provide practical information and significantly reduce the time and effort for land monitoring and field surveying.

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Trystuła, Agnieszka, Małgorzata Dudzińska, and Ryszard Źróbek. "Evaluation of the Completeness of Spatial Data Infrastructure in the Context of Cadastral Data Sharing." Land 9, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9080272.

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The idea behind the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) project was to provide EU citizens with access to various types of information, including environmental protection and spatial management data. These resources can be viewed (Web Map Service—WMS) and downloaded (Web Feature Service—WFS) online. Cadastral datasets represent one of the 34 spatial data themes in the spatial data infrastructure (SDI). The functionality of the SDI has not yet been fully achieved due to the failure of the WMS and WFS network services. The aim of this article was to assess the completeness of the SDI containing cadastral datasets. The present study has practical implications. The proposed diagnostic tool supports an assessment of the completeness of SDI resources in seven diagnostic groups (technical and legal identifiers, the cadastral information profile, the WMS network service, the WFS network service, source cadastral databases, data validity, and WMS and WFS standardization). The developed assessment methodology enables the identification of websites that publish cadastral data through INSPIRE network services, as well as problematic websites, and it has high development potential. The results of the assessment should be used in the ongoing construction of the SDI. They can also be used to improve the quality of network services and their availability for end users.

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Parida, P. K., M. K. Sanabada, and S. Tripathi. "Cadastral Resurvey using High Resolution Satellite Ortho Image - challenges: A case study in Odisha, India." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-1165-2014.

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Advancements in satellite sensor technology enabling capturing of geometrically accurate images of earth's surface coupled with DGPS/ETS and GIS technology holds the capability of large scale mapping of land resources at cadastral level. High Resolution Satellite Images depict field bunds distinctly. Thus plot parcels are to be delineated from cloud free ortho-images and obscured/difficult areas are to be surveyed using DGPS and ETS. The vector datasets thus derived through RS/DGPS/ETS survey are to be integrated in GIS environment to generate the base cadastral vector datasets for further settlement/title confirmation activities. The objective of this paper is to illustrate the efficacy of a hybrid methodology employed in Pitambarpur Sasana village under Digapahandi Tahasil of Ganjam district, as a pilot project, particularly in Odisha scenario where the land parcel size is very small. One of the significant observations of the study is matching of Cadastral map area i.e. 315.454 Acres, the image map area i.e. 314.887 Acres and RoR area i.e. 313.815 Acre. It was revealed that 79 % of plots derived by high-tech survey method show acceptable level of accuracy despite the fact that the mode of area measurement by ground and automated method has significant variability. The variations are more in case of Government lands, Temple/Trust lands, Common Property Resources and plots near to river/nalas etc. The study indicates that the adopted technology can be extended to other districts and cadastral resurvey and updating work can be done for larger areas of the country using this methodology.

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Dönmez, Ş. Ö., and A. Tunc. "TRANSFORMATION METHODS FOR USING COMBINATION OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA AND CADASTRAL MAPS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 14, 2016): 587–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-587-2016.

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In order to examine using cadastral maps as base maps for aerial orthophotos, two different 2D transformation methods were applied between various coordinate systems. Study area was chosen from Kagithane district in Istanbul. The used data is an orthophoto (30 cm spatial resolution), and cadastral map (1:1000) taken from land office, containing the same region. Transformation methods are chosen as; 1st Order Polynomial Transformation and Helmert 2D Transformation within this study. The test points, used to determine the coefficients between the datums, were 26 common traverse points and the check points, used to compare the transformed coordinates to reliable true coordinates, were 10 common block corners. The transformation methods were applied using Matlab software. After applying the methods, residuals were calculated and compared between each transformation method in order to use cadastral maps as reliable vector data.

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Dönmez, Ş. Ö., and A. Tunc. "TRANSFORMATION METHODS FOR USING COMBINATION OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA AND CADASTRAL MAPS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 14, 2016): 587–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-587-2016.

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In order to examine using cadastral maps as base maps for aerial orthophotos, two different 2D transformation methods were applied between various coordinate systems. Study area was chosen from Kagithane district in Istanbul. The used data is an orthophoto (30 cm spatial resolution), and cadastral map (1:1000) taken from land office, containing the same region. Transformation methods are chosen as; 1st Order Polynomial Transformation and Helmert 2D Transformation within this study. The test points, used to determine the coefficients between the datums, were 26 common traverse points and the check points, used to compare the transformed coordinates to reliable true coordinates, were 10 common block corners. The transformation methods were applied using Matlab software. After applying the methods, residuals were calculated and compared between each transformation method in order to use cadastral maps as reliable vector data.

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Fukalová, Petra, and Hana Pokladníková. "Land use developmental trends in cadastral area Žabčice." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 2 (2010): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058020069.

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This article is focused on the land use development in the cadastral area Žabčice since the mid of the 20th century. Žabčice lies in South Moravia at a distance of less than 25 km south from Brno and its land area is 817 ha. This selected cadastre is part of University Agricultural Enterprise (UAE) Žabčice area and has been chosen because of the relevance for the MUAF in Brno. Dominant activity in this cadastral area is agriculture. The land use was evaluated from 1950’s to the present time.According to availability of suitable map underlays three basic time profiles (1953, 1990 and 2007) were chosen. For evaluation of land use development following materials were used: archival aerial photographs, ortophotos, basic and cadastral maps, archival documents. Field survey of selected area was also necessary. Thirteen land use categories have been identified as an outcome of interpretation of maps. These categories were compared by methods of comparative measurement of areas. The area of particular land use categories in landscape with regard to land area of whole model area in hectares and further their percentage representation were found out. Data processing and all analyses were done in GIS environment (software ArcGIS 9.1).In 2007 (compared with 1953) forest area had increased by about 1 %, orchards by 2 %, vineyards by 12 % and the increase of built-up and other areas by 8 % was also evident. The area of following categories decreased: arable land by 21 %, TTP by 2 %, garden by 1 %. The most significant trend in the cadastral Žabčice is decrease of arable land area recorded during the whole period. Other trends are following: the increase of vineyard areas, smaller increase of the orchard area and increase of built-up and other areas. In the context of political and socio-economic factors, non-forest vegetation was negatively marked. These changes correspond with changes in Czech Republic in the same time interval.

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Lee, Byoungkil, and Hong Gi Park. "Review of High Definition Road Map Utilization for Cadastral Resurvey Project." Journal of the Korean Cadastre Information Association 20, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46416/jkcia.2018.04.20.1.97.

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Shih, Tian-Yuan. "Least-Squares Solution for Dangling-Line Case in Cadastral-Map Resurvey." Journal of Surveying Engineering 121, no. 2 (May 1995): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9453(1995)121:2(53).

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Kanashin, N. V. "Experience of modern programs and geographic information systems application at formation of land parcels for constructing linear structures." Geodesy and Cartography 948, no. 6 (July 20, 2019): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-48-53.

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The formation of land parcels for the constructing of linear structures today is associated with a number of difficulties caused by the lack of regulatory documents for solving such problems, the location of sites in several cadastral districts with different coordinate systems and other causes. Therefore, their formation today is impossible without modern software, which would enable reducing the complexity of such work and eliminate errors in the final result. The author describes the experience of using modern programs for the formation of land parcels at constructing linear structures on the example of the designed Moscow – Kazan railway route. The ways of automated acquisition and processing geospatial information from the public cadastral map environment, vectorization of the obtained data and its processing in the environment of geographic information systems for solving applied tasks are shown. The article may be useful to design engineers, cadastral engineers, as well as all specialists in the field of geodesy and geoinformatics.

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Zakir qızı Nəcəfova, Nərmin Zakir qızı Nəcəfova. "Geographical distribution of land types and primary field research work in Jalilabad Cadastral District." NATURE AND SCIENCE 03, no. 01 (March 5, 2021): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/06/88-93.

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Factors influencing the formation of land cover of Jalilabad cadastral region are one of the reasons for the diversity of soil formation processes in the area. Intra-zonal soils are subject to the laws of vertical zoning due to changes in the height of the area due to its geographical distribution. Despite the fact that the Jalilabad cadastral region does not have a very large area, its separate parts are characterized by differences in bioclimatic and biogeochemical characteristics. The article shows the analysis and geographical coordinates of the main soil types formed in the Jalilabad cadastral region on the basis of a large-scale land map, depending on the soil-ecological conditions. In order to carry out comparative and ecological assessment of soils, we have made land plots in the study area. Currently, the cut samples are in the laboratory stage for physical and chemical analysis in accordance with the methodology. Key words: soil type, mechanical composition, soil structure, soil profile, GPS

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Zakir Najafova, Narmin. "Geographical distribution of land types and primary field research work in Jalilabad Cadastral District." NATURE AND SCIENCE 04, no. 05 (December 28, 2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/05/44-48.

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Factors influencing the formation of land cover of Jalilabad cadastral region are one of the reasons for the diversity of soil formation processes in the area. Intra-zonal soils are subject to the laws of vertical zoning due to changes in the height of the area due to its geographical distribution. Despite the fact that the Jalilabad cadastral region does not have a very large area, its separate parts are characterized by differences in bioclimatic and biogeochemical characteristics. The article shows the analysis and geographical coordinates of the main soil types formed in the Jalilabad cadastral region on the basis of a large-scale land map, depending on the soil-ecological conditions. In order to carry out comparative and ecological assessment of soils, we have made land plots in the study area. Currently, the cut samples are in the laboratory stage for physical and chemical analysis in accordance with the methodology. Key words: soil type, mechanical composition, soil structure, soil profile, GPS

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Gutiérrez Viñuales, M., E. Puch Sleive, and S. Chalabe. "EXPERIENCES IN CADASTRAL RESTITUTION AT A TOWN AFFECTED BY A NATURAL DISASTER. THE CASE OF VOLCAN, JUJUY PROVINCE, ARGENTINA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 4, 2019): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-343-2019.

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Abstract. The use of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) as a data acquisition tool for cadastral surveying has been used for several years. The processing software and an adequate workflow make this set a powerful tool to obtain quality information quickly in order to take decisions.This work shows the experience of using this tool and the results achieved in an urban area included in the Quebrada de Humahuaca (included in the list of World Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO) that was affected by a landslide and flooding in January of 2017. A precise and fast action was required to begin the reconstruction works of the houses that had to be demolished due to their high degree of affectation. In addition, a general update of the Cadastral Records of the town was required, which were analyzed individually from the information collected for the preparation of the Cadastral Map, the analysis of the previous cadastral information and a set of surveys carried out in each property. It includes an initial assessment of the problem, the work flow adopted, the results achieved, and a discussion of the problems detected in each phase of the work.

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Chio, Shih-Hong, and Cheng-Chu Chiang. "Feasibility Study Using UAV Aerial Photogrammetry for a Boundary Verification Survey of a Digitalized Cadastral Area in an Urban City of Taiwan." Remote Sensing 12, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12101682.

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In conducting land boundary verification surveys in digitalized cadastral areas in Taiwan, possible parcel points must be surveyed. These points are employed in the overlap analysis and map registration of possible parcel points and digitalized cadastral maps to identify the coordinates of parcel points. Based on the computed horizontal distance and angle between control points and parcel points, parcels are staked out using ground surveys. Most studies survey possible parcel points using ground surveys with, for example, total stations. Compared with ground surveys, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) aerial photogrammetry can provide more possible parcel points. Thus, an overlap analysis of digitalized cadastral maps, combined with the collection of possible parcel points, will be more comprehensive. In this study, a high-quality-medium format camera, with a 55 mm focal length, was carried on a rotary UAV to take images, with a 3 cm ground sampling distance (GSD), flying 300 m above the ground. The images were taken with an 80% end-lap and side-lap to increase the visibility of the terrain details for stereo-mapping. According to the test conducted in this study, UAV aerial photogrammetry can accurately provide supplementary control points and assist in the boundary verification of digitalized cadastral areas in Taiwan.

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Oh, Tae Seok, Yoon Soo Choi, and Su Ji Kim. "A Study on Improving Accuracy of Cadastral Overlapping Map in Railway Project." Journal of the Korean Society for Railway 21, no. 5 (June 30, 2018): 464–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7782/jksr.2018.21.5.464.

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Penninga, Friso, Edward Verbree, Wilko Quak, and Peter van Oosterom. "Construction of the Planar Partition Postal Code Map Based on Cadastral Registration." GeoInformatica 9, no. 2 (April 18, 2005): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10707-005-6430-3.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cadastral Map'

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