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1

Nelson, V. A. "Caddisflies International." Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 32, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/besa/32.3.180.

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2

Vučković, Ivan, Mladen Kučinić, Anđela Ćukušić, Marijana Vuković, Renata Ćuk, Svjetlana Stanić-Koštroman, Darko Cerjanec, and Mladen Plantak. "Biodiversity, DNA barcoding data and ecological traits of caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) in the catchment area of the Mediterranean karst River Cetina (Croatia)." Ecologica Montenegrina 44 (August 2, 2021): 69–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.44.10.

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The environmental and faunistic research conducted included defining the composition and distribution of caddisflies collected using ultraviolet (UV) light trap at 11 stations along the Cetina River, from the spring to the mouth, and also along its tributaries the Ruda River and the Grab River with two sampling stations each, and the Rumin River with one station. The research was conducted in the period from August 2004 until August 2005 on the Cetina and the Ruda rivers, and from April 2007 to September 2007 on the Grab and the Rumin rivers. A total of 71 caddisfly species and 10,048 individuals were recorded in the study area. Results of the composition and structure of caddisflies were processed with statistical methods using the NMDS analysis. There were differences in the composition of caddisflies in the upper, middle and lower reaches. The paper also presents some ecological features of caddisflies, such as seasonal dynamics and diversity of caddisflies communities. Results of this work contribute to faunistic and ecological knowledge of Croatian caddisflies.
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3

AMUSAN, BABATUNDE, and SYLVESTER OGBOGU. "Investigation into the Trichoptera fauna of the Opa Stream in Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria." Zoosymposia 10, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.10.1.8.

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The species composition and abundance of caddisflies in association with some water quality parameters (pH, water temperature and conductivity) in Opa Stream in Ile-Ife, Nigeria were investigated during October 2009–August 2010. One hundred and ninety adult caddisflies collected from the stream represent six species in six genera and three families. Hydropsychidae had three species, which is more than were found in other families. The caddisflies showed a relative mean abundance of 62% and 38.9% in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Caddisfly abundance was positively correlated with pH and conductivity but there was a negative relationship between water temperature and the abundance of caddisflies in the stream.
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4

KIMURA, GORO, and RYOICHI B. KURANISHI. "Effect of visible light sticks for collecting of adult caddisflies (Trichoptera): A preliminary field study." Zoosymposia 18, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.18.1.19.

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Local residents along the Uji River, Kyoto, Japan, may be exposed to seasonal invasions of adult caddisflies. Ultraviolet (UV)-blocking materials are believed to be an effective pest management tool because adult caddisflies are often attracted to light sources that emit large amounts of UV light. To clarify the effect of the visible spectrum, we collected adult caddisflies using blue, green, and yellow light sticks that did not emit UV light. Traps were operated from 18:30 (sunset: 18:22) on September 2, 2016 to 06:00 (sunrise, 05:31) on September 3, 2016. We collected 382 adults representing eight species of caddisflies. Green light sticks attracted the most numerous individuals (189 adults, seven species), followed by blue (134 adults, seven species), then yellow (59 adults, five species). Paduniella tanidai Nishimoto was the dominant species (331 adults). These results suggest that adult caddisflies are attracted not only to the UV spectrum but also the visible spectrum.
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5

Wallace, Ian. "The behaviour of recently-hatched caddis larvae from temporary water bodies in the British Isles." Contributions to Entomology 73, no. 2 (October 17, 2023): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/contrib.entomol.73.e109786.

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Caddisflies use four basic methods to ensure that newly-hatched larvae become aquatic insects. One is to lay the eggs underwater so larvae can start a free life immediately after hatching. Another method is to lay the eggs above water and the hatched larvae fall or wriggle into the water. Caddisflies from waters that dry out in summer often have a female diapause gradually becoming sexually mature and often do not lay their clutches until late summer or autumn, when rising water levels flood the eggs. The hatched larvae develop into pupae by March-May, from which adult caddisflies hatch again emergence beginning in spring. Some caddisflies from waters that dry out lay in summer and those eggs hatch soon after laying so it is as a larva that they survive the dry period.
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6

Melnitsky, Stanislav I., Vladimir D. Ivanov, Evgeny E. Perkovsky, and Dmitry V. Vasilenko. "Electroadicella unipetra sp. nov., a new fossil species of Leptoceridae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Eocene Rovno amber." Ecologica Montenegrina 72 (March 21, 2024): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.72.3.

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A new caddisflies species Electroadicella unipetra sp. nov. (Leptoceridae) is described and illustrated from Rovno amber (upper Eocene, 36 million years old). Now the family Leptoceridae is represented by five named species among 38 named species of caddisflies known from Rovno amber.
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7

Razo-González, María, Rodolfo Novelo-Gutiérrez, Gabriela Castaño-Meneses, and Juan Márquez. "Checklist of the caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Oaxaca, Mexico." Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 94 (November 7, 2023): e945275. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2023.94.5275.

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An updated checklist of the caddisflies from the State of Oaxaca, Mexico is presented, based primarily on a bibliographic review. Fourteen families, 44 genera and 216 species of caddisflies have been recorded, 38 (17.51%) of which are endemic, and 9 species are recorded for the first time from Oaxaca. For each species, we describe its geographic distribution, provide references with distribution records, and highlight those that are endemic to Oaxaca and Mexico. Although there has been a significant increase in taxonomic work on Mexican caddisflies, it is still necessary to continue studying the systematics, ecology, and biogeography of Trichoptera from Oaxaca, especially in poorly explored regions.
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8

Holzenthal, Ralph. "Caddisflies: the underwater architects." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 25, no. 1 (March 2006): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[263:br]2.0.co;2.

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9

Ross, Andrew J., and Emma Ross. "Caddisflies: The Underwater Architects." Ichnos 15, no. 1 (December 25, 2007): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10420940600865032.

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10

Wiggins, Glenn B. "Caddisflies: Architects Under Water." American Entomologist 53, no. 2 (2007): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ae/53.2.78.

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11

Dyer, Michelle. "Caddisflies in the Lake." Psychological Perspectives 65, no. 2 (April 3, 2022): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332925.2022.2119773.

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12

Sukatsheva, I. D., and N. D. Sinitshenkova. "A Review of the Triassic Caddisflies with a Description of New Species from the Middle–Upper Triassic of Kyrgyzstan." Палеонтологический журнал, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0031031x23010130.

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A review of all Triassic caddisflies is compiled and their stratigraphic and geographical distribution is discussed. New species of the caddisflies of the families Cladochoristidae: Cladochorista curta sp. nov. and Cladochoristella sola sp. nov., and Prorhyacophilidae: Prorhyacophila rara sp. nov. and P. batkenica sp. nov are described from the Dzhayloucho locality in Kyrgyzstan (Middle–Upper Triassic, Madygen Formation).
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13

Dragan, Sergey V. "Materials to the fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from streams and reservoirs of the Ergaki Natural Park (Western Sayan)." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 3 (November 20, 2020): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202093109.

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For a little more than a century, researchers have been studying the fauna of caddisflies of streams and lakes of the Ergaki Natural Park. The paper provides a brief overview of studies of the caddisfly fauna in the upper part of the Oya and Us rivers basin. Caddisflies were collected in the Ergaki Natural Park (Western Sayan) in the 2015 using different methods. Altogether, collections were made at 13 sampling sites in the springs, streams and lakes. A total of 17 species belonging to 14 genera and 7 families were collected. Oligotricha lapponica (Hagen, 1864) and Lenarchus sp. are new to the caddisfly fauna of Western Sayan. Five species, Rhyacophila kaltatica Levanidova, Schmid, 1977; R. retracta Martynov, 1914; O. lapponica; Molanna angustata Curtis, 1834 and Lenarchus sp. are added to the list of Trichoptera from Ergaki Natural Park which now comprises 66 species. The highest species richness was recorded for the Bolshoye Lake. For the first time, caddisflies have been listed for lakes Tushkanchik and Nizhnee Buibinskoe, one and three species, respectively. In the Nizhnyaya Buiba River and its tributaries, 8 species of caddisflies were found.
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14

Melnitsky, Stanislav I., Vladimir D. Ivanov, Evgeny E. Perkovsky, and Andrei A. Legalov. "The new species and two new records of Polycentropodidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Eocene Rovno amber." Ecologica Montenegrina 75 (June 17, 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.75.1.

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A new caddisflies species Holocentropus totuttotam sp. nov. and Nyctiophylax totaktoetak sp. nov. (Polycentropodidae) are described and illustrated from Rovno amber (Priabonian). Holocentropus atratus (Pictet, 1856) and Holocentropus vetustus (Germar, 1813) are recorded for Rovno amber for the first time. Now the family Polycentropodidae is represented by 23 named species among 42 named species of caddisflies known from Rovno amber. A list of fossil Trichoptera known from the Rovno amber is given.
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15

PROMWONG, WONGPHAN, and DECHA THAPANYA. "Monthly Diversity and Abundance of Caddisflies in Upstream and Downstream Areas of the Mae Ngat Somboonchol Dam, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand." Zoosymposia 14, no. 1 (July 15, 2019): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.14.1.10.

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The Mae Ngat Somboonchol Dam, located in Chiang Mai Province of northern Thailand, was constructed to serve the purposes of irrigation and electricity generation for the region. This hydroelectric dam is located on the Mae Ngat River, which is a tributary of the Ping River. The aim of this experiment was to study the diversity and abundance of the population of caddisflies in this river. Seven sampling sites, including 2 upstream and 5 downstream sites, were monitored monthly for adult male caddisflies using a light pan trap device over 1 year (June 2013 – May 2014). A total of 3,844 male specimens belonging to 16 families and 94 species were caught. However, the total abundance of caddisflies was higher at the upstream sampling sites than at the downstream sampling sites. The top three most abundant species found to be present in this river were Oecetis scutulata MARTYNOV, 1936, Setodes argentiguttatus GORDON & SCHMID, 1987 and Cheumatopsyche globosa ULMER, 1910, respectively. The species compositions of the upstream and downstream sites differed. 44 specimens of the species Trichoptera were represented exclusively at the upstream sites. Examples of this include Macrostemum fenestratum ALBARDA, 1887, Setodes endymion MALICKY & CHANTARAMONGKOL, 2000, Hydropsyche camillus MALICKY & CHANTARAMONGKOL, 2000 and Ecnomus jojachin MALICKY & CHANTARAMONGKOL, 1993. The 23 species exclusively represented in the downstream sites included Aethaloptera sexpunctata KOLENATI, 1859, Cheumatopsyche banksi MOSELY, 1942, Oecetis tripunctata FABRICIUS, 1793 and Ecnomus votticius MALICKY & CHANTARAMONGKOL, 1993. There were 50 newly recorded species while 18 species were absent when compared to a previous study from 2009. The diversity and abundance also differed during each month of collection. The highest numbers of trapped male caddisflies were found from April to May, which were 352 and 292, respectively. The upstream sites contained a higher number of caddisflies and a greater level of diversity than the downstream sites.
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16

SAMRAOUI, BOUDJÉMA, ZINEB BOUHALA, ANTONIO RUIZ GARCIA, JOAQUÍN MÁRQUEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, MANUEL FERRERAS-ROMERO, HAMED A. EL-SEREHY, and FARRAH SAMRAOUI. "Trichoptera and Plecoptera of the Seybouse River, northeast Algeria: Distribution, phenology and new records." Zootaxa 4845, no. 4 (September 4, 2020): 552–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4845.4.5.

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The stoneflies and caddisflies of North Africa are still poorly known as vast areas of Algeria have yet to be investigated. A survey of the macroinvertebrates of the Seybouse River, northeast Algeria, was carried out from July 2014 to December 2016. Three species of stoneflies (Capnopsis schilleri, Capnioneura petitpierreae, and Tyrrhenoleuctra tangerina) and five taxa of caddisflies (Mesophylax aspersus, Hydropsyche maroccana, H. resmineda, H. artax/lobata, and H. gr. pellucidula) were identified. All taxa are new records to the Seybouse River and seven of them are new to northeastern Algeria. A multivariate analysis indicated that the Hydropsychidae exhibited a clear longitudinal gradient along the Seybouse River while Mesophylax aspersus seemed adapted to species-poor, intermittent streams. Further investigations of the stoneflies and caddisflies may inform conservation efforts and will prove useful to monitor the Seybouse River and similarly threatened North African rivers and streams.
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17

Kjer, Karl M., Roger J. Blahnik, and Ralph W. Holzenthal. "Phylogeny of caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera)." Zoologica Scripta 31, no. 1 (February 2002): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0300-3256.2001.00079.x.

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18

McCabe, D. J., and J. L. Sykora. "Community structure of caddisflies along a temperate springbrook." Fundamental and Applied Limnology 148, no. 2 (April 14, 2000): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/148/2000/263.

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19

Bagge, Pauli. "Emergence and upstream flight of lotic mayflies and caddisflies (Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera) in a lake outlet, central Finland." Entomologica Fennica 6, no. 2-3 (September 1, 1995): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.83844.

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Temporal and spatial occurrence and upstream flight of lotic mayflies and caddisflies were studied by means of kick netting, slit traps and floating emergence traps in Lake Konnevesi and its outlet stream (Siikakoski), mainly in 1983. Twenty species of mayflies and 78 species of caddisflies were recorded. Clearly lotic mayflies in the material were Baetis subalpinus, Heptagenia sulphurea and Ephemerella mucronata, which occurred only in the stream samples. Females of lotic Baetis rhodani had a long distance upstream flight in the area and occurred frequently in the floating emergence traps especially in sandy littoral habitats of L. Konnevesi. Procloeon bifidum and Nixe joernensis, which in some regions occur mainly in streams, were frequently found in the stony littoral belt of L. Konnevesi. Most of the mayflies recorded in the area were univoltine, but Baetis rhodani and Centroptilum luteolum at least had two generations in 1983. Strictly lotic species among caddisflies were Ceratopsyche nevae, Hydropsyche saxonica, Halesus digitatus, Ceraclea perplexa, Ylodes detruncatus, Athripsodes commutatus and Hydroptila forcipata. These were mainly found in stream samples. A short distance upstream flight of females (c. 0.1-0.4 km) was observed in the populations of H. siltalai, Psychomyia pusilla and Oxyethira frici and a moderate distance flight (at least 0.6 km) by females of Hydropsyche pellucidula, Cheumatopsyche lepida and Polycentropus irroratus. The most abundant caddisflies of the stream Siikakoski (Brachycentrus subnubilus, Neureclipsis bimaculata, Rhyacophila nubila, Agapetus ochripes, Micrasema setiferum and Hydroptila cornuta) were frequently found also in floating emergence traps in the lake (3. 7 km from the rapids). Females of Brachycentrus, Neureclipsis and Rhyacophila favoured traps on sandy substrata while females of Hydroptila were usually found in the stony belt. In the trap material of Agapetus ochripes, males were more abundant than females. According to emergence data, all caddisflies recorded in the area were univoltine though the emerging period of several species such as Rhyacophila nubila and Neureclipsis bimaculata was long. Maximum emergence was observed in early June when brachycentrids were swarming and another peak in August when limnephilids and leptocerids were abundant.
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20

VSHIVKOVA, TATYANA, OLIVER FLINT, TOMIKO ITO, VLADIMIR IVANOV, RALPH HOLZENTHAL, STANISLAV MELNITSKY, WOLFRAM MEY, et al. "The List of Caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) collected in South Primorye during the symposium and post-symposium excursions of the XIV International Symposium on Trichoptera (5 and 8−13 July 2012)." Zoosymposia 10, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.10.1.7.

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A list of the caddisflies obtained during the 14th International Symposium on Trichoptera, 2−7 July 2012, Vladivostok, Russia, is presented. Imago and immature stages were collected in different places in South Primorye during the symposium (5 July 2012) and post-symposium excursions (8−13 July 2012). The list of collected caddisflies includes 98 species of 45 genera belonging to 22 families. The coordinates for collecting sites and photos of working moments of the expeditions are included as well as photos of some species made by expedition participants.
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21

AREFINA, TATYANA I. "Two new species and new records of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Far East of Russia." Zootaxa 1088, no. 1 (November 29, 2005): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1088.1.6.

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Two new species of caddisflies, Lype lubaretsi n. sp. (Psychomyiidae) and Molanna byssa n. sp. (Molannidae), are described and illustrated from Amurskaya Oblast, the Far East of Russia. Six species of caddisflies: Stenopsyche coreana (Kuwayama 1930) (Stenopsychidae), Psychomyiella cruciata Kumanski 1992 (Psychomyiidae), Brachypsyche schmidi Choe, Kumanski and Woo 1999 (Limnephilidae), Adicella longiramosa Yang and Morse 2000, Athripsodes ceracleoides Kumanski 1991 and Leptocerus biwae (Tsuda 1942) (Leptoceridae) are new records for the Russian caddisfly fauna. In addition, the male of A. longiramosa is reillustrated in light of the newly collected material and compared with the original description.
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22

Holzenthal, Ralph W., and Adolfo R. Calor. "Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies)." ZooKeys 654 (February 10, 2017): 1–566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.654.9516.

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23

Ivanov, V. D., S. I. Melnitsky, and E. E. Perkovsky. "Caddisflies from Cenozoic resins of Europe." Paleontological Journal 50, no. 5 (September 2016): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0031030116050063.

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24

ZHIVOGLYADOVA, LYUBOV L., and VYACHESLAV S. LABAY. "Caddisflies (Trichoptera) in benthic communities of southern Sakhalin rivers, Far East Russia." Zoosymposia 10, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.10.1.44.

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During one year we studied caddisfly assemblages in benthic macroinvertebrate communities of mountain (Frikena River) and piedmont (Partizanka River) reaches of the Lyutoga River Basin. For most of the year in the mountain reaches, the scraper Neophylax ussuriensis Martynov dominates. Maximum caddisfly density (403 ind./m2) and biomass (14,441 g/m2) was recorded in July before mass emergence of that dominant species. The density of caddisflies in the benthic community was more significant in November (32%), and caddisfly biomass was most significant in July (69%). In the piedmont reaches of Lyutoga River Basin in various seasons, Rhyacophila (Hyporhyacophila) sp., Hydatophylax sp., Hydropsyche orientalis Martynov, and Stenopsyche marmorata Navás dominated. Maximum density and biomass of caddisflies (451 ind./m2, 1,576 g/m2) were recorded in 5 September. The density of filterers H. orientalis and S. marmorata occurs in the salmon spawning season and seems to be correlated with the increased abundance of suspended organic substances in the water column as salmon spawn. In the piedmont reaches the role of caddisflies are the most significant in September (49% of total macroinvertebrate density and 56% of biomass).
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25

Gall, B. G., E. D. Brodie, and E. D. Brodie. "Survival and growth of the caddisfly Limnephilus flavastellus after predation on toxic eggs of the Rough-skinned Newt (Taricha granulosa)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, no. 6 (June 2011): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-015.

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The Rough-skinned Newt ( Taricha granulosa (Skilton, 1849)) possesses a powerful neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin, in the skin that is secondarily deposited in the ova. Although assumed to serve an antipredator function in the eggs, empirical evidence of the toxin’s role in preventing egg predation is lacking. In this study, we characterized the aquatic macroinvertebrate community at a location sympatric with extremely toxic newts and estimated the abundance of caddisflies. We tested aquatic macroinvertebrates sympatric with toxic newts for their capacity to consume the toxic eggs, and examined the propensity of egg predation and its effect on growth of the only known predator of newt eggs, caddisfly larvae. Limnephilid caddisfly larvae were the only invertebrate observed to consume substantial quantities of toxic newt eggs. Survival and growth of the caddisfly Limnephilus flavastellus Banks, 1918 continued when larvae consumed toxic eggs and did not differ from L. flavastellus that also had access to an alternative food source (detritus). Limnephilus flavastellus that had access to eggs + detritus consumed a similar number of eggs compared with those provided with eggs only. These results, combined with the abundance of caddisflies, suggest that caddisflies are important predators of eggs of T. granulosa.
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26

Perkovsky, E. E. "Rovno Amber Caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from Different Localities, with Information about three New Sites." Vestnik Zoologii 51, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2017-0003.

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Abstract The inventory of the trichopterofaunas of all Rovno amber sites is provided for the first time. Syninclusions of all Rovno amber caddisflies determined to the species level are also listed for the first time. At least 29 named species are known in Klesov, as compared with only 21 species recorded in Bitterfeld amber. Eocene caddisflies are recorded in Belarus and Zhitomir Region for the first time, and new sites of inclusions are revealed as well: Rechitsa in Belarus, Olevsk in Zhitomir Region, Kuchotskaya Volia in Rivne Region. Rechitsa yielded Erotesis bessylenon Melnitsky et Ivanov, 2016, the first undoubtedly new Eocene taxon described from Belarus. This paper is also the first to involve the data on Danish amber caddisflies in comparison of the faunas. Only five genera from four families (Wormaldia McLachlan, 1865, Archaeotinodes Ulmer, 1912, Lype McLachlan, 1878, Holocentropus McLachlan, 1878, and Plectrocnemia Stephens, 1836) are known from four European Lagerstätten: Baltic, Bitterfeld, Danish and Rovno amber. Archaeotinodes igneusaper Melnitsky, 2009 is mentioned for Rovno amber for the first time. Genera Allotrichia McLachlan, 1880 (Hydroptilidae) and Palaeocrunoecia Ulmer, 1912 (Lepidostomatidae) are excluded from the Rovno amber fauna.
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27

ZASYPKINA, IRINA A. "Current knowledge on caddisflies (Trichoptera) in northern Far East Russia." Zoosymposia 10, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 480–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.10.1.43.

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Results of caddisfly faunal investigations in the North Russian Far East (NRFE) are summarized based on literature and the author’s data. Up to now, 122 species from 50 genera of 17 families of caddisflies have been found within the territory under study. A general list of caddisflies and their data records in 11 collecting (distributional) areas are presented. New records for 6 species in NRFE are given and Rhyacophila mirabilis (Levanidova & Schmid 1993) is recorded for the first time from continental Asia. Former distributional data for 40 species are refined. The taxonomic diversity and zoogeographical composition of the fauna are analyzed. It is noted that family Limnephilidae predominates in the northern areas.
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28

SUKATSHEVA, IRINA D., and DMITRY V. VASSILENKO. "Caddisflies from Chernovskie Kopi (Jurassic/Cretaceous of Transbaikalia)." Zoosymposia 5, no. 1 (June 10, 2011): 434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.5.1.37.

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The Jurassic or Cretaceous insect fossil site Chernovskie Kopi (Siberia, Transbaikalia) has yielded a rich and diverse insect fossil assemblage dominated by caddisflies (Order Trichoptera). Imaginal caddisflies from this site belong to the families Phryganeidae, Dysoneuridae, Philorheithridae, and Calamoceratidae, and the larval cases represent mainly the formal genus Folindusia. The family Philorheithridae is recorded as fossil for the first time. A combination of unusual ecology related to volcanic environments with unexpected abundance of the so-called prophetic larval forms (those occurring for short time intervals well before the time of their normal appearance) resulted in high endemism of the adult assemblage as well as in occurrence of the cases characteristic of much younger caddis case assemblages.
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Hunter, Fiona F., and Tami M. Sadonoja. "Effects of temperature and predator:prey ratio on feeding rate in larvae of Atherix lantha Webb (Diptera: Athericidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 644–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-081.

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Predator:prey experiments were conducted in the laboratory using snipe fly (Atherix lantha Webb) larvae as predators and hydropsychid caddisflies (Cheumatopsyche spp.) as prey. The effects on feeding rate of two different temperature regimes (20 and 10 °C) and five different predator:prey ratios (3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3) were tested. The number of caddisflies consumed per A. lantha larva per day was significantly greater at 20 °C than at 10 °C for the 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 ratios (2×, 7×, and 2× greater, respectively). There were no significant differences between the 20 and 10 °C treatments at either the 3:1 or 1:3 ratio.
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30

KIMURA, GORO, YOSHIMORI MURAI, and TSUTOMU TANIKAWA. "Distribution and abundance of adult caddisflies (Trichoptera) in the vicinity of food and pharmaceutical factories." Zoosymposia 10, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.10.1.22.

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We investigated the abundance of adult caddisflies in the precincts of food and pharmaceutical factories. The objective of this study is to clarify the abundance of adult caddisflies from the cooling tower and catch basin by a light trap in the vicinity of food and pharmaceutical factories. In addition, to clarify the role of vegetation near factories for adult caddisflies, an investigation of the number of insects using vegetation was conducted with light traps. The light traps were operated in mid May−early June, end July−mid August, and mid−end October 2009. At St. 1, the highest number of hydroptilid adults was collected in cherry trees (64 individuals), followed by the cooling tower (38 individuals), and the catch basin (only one individual). On the other hand, the highest number of hydroptilid adults at St. 2 was collected in the catch basin (15 individuals), followed by cherry trees (7 individuals), and cooling tower (6 individuals). No hydroptilid adults were collected in the cooling tower and vegetation at St. 3. These results suggest that factories may be exposed to periodic invasions of adults from not only natural aquatic ecosystems, rivers and lakes, but also small man-made aquatic ecosystems, cooling towers and catch basins, in the vicinity of factories.
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SUKATSHEVA, IRINA D., and DMITRY V. VASSILENKO. "Mesozoic Trichoptera with reduced venation." Zoosymposia 10, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.10.1.37.

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The reduction of fore-wing venation by Mesozoic Trichoptera presumably occurred in two directions. The first, traditional direction was related to the decrease in size of their bodies, and it has been recorded for Trichoptera found in Cretaceous fossil resins. These insects are very small, they have a strongly reduced venation, which is more typical for Cenozoic or recent caddisflies than for the Cretaceous ones. Botosaneanu & Wichard (1983) described the family Taymyrelectronidae from Cretaceous resins from the Taymyr Peninsula, whose representatives had a common area free of any veins in their forewings other than DC, MC, and TC cells. The second direction is typical for primitive Trichoptera and does not concern the size of their bodies. Starting with the beginning of the Mesozoic, the Triassic and the Lower Jurassic, certain changes in the caddisflies’ morphology were noted. Thus, the reduction of veins occurred by their merging, desclerotization, disappearance, and formation of strange large bullas on R. The reduction occurred by the merging of veins, or their desclerotization or disappearance (e.g., loss of forks F1 and F4 in Dysoneuridae Sukatsheva 1968 and Baissoferidae Sukatsheva 1968). Among recent caddisflies, the Kokiriidae McFarlane 1964 are close to the Mesozoic ones because they do not have forks F1 and F4 in their forewings.
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32

Hunter, Fiona F., and Astrid K. Maier. "Feeding behaviour of predatory larvae of Atherix lantha Webb (Diptera: Athericidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-228.

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Larvae of Atherix lantha Webb (Diptera: Athericidae) are piercing – sucking predators. Predator–prey experiments were conducted in beakers containing gravel substrates and airstone-oxygenated water. The predator:prey ratio used in all experiments was 5:5. One prey type was tested at a time. Prey tested included large and small heptageniid mayflies, hyalellid amphipods, and hydropsychid caddisflies. The effect of predator size was examined using two size classes of A. lantha larvae. Large A. lantha consumed more mayflies than did small A. lantha. However, amphipod mortality was the same with large as with small A. lantha. The effect of prey size on predation success was tested using two size classes of mayflies. Statistically, small A. lantha fed on equal numbers of small and large mayflies, whereas large A. lantha consumed more large than small mayflies. Data for species-wise comparisons are only available for small A. lantha; according to our results, hydropsychid caddisflies (average mortality (m) = 0.5346) are more vulnerable to predation than are hyalellid amphipods (m = 0.2041) and heptageniid mayflies (m = 0.1135–0.1813). However, the mortality of large mayflies caused by large A. lantha larvae (m = 0.5375) is the same as that of caddisflies caused by small A. lantha larvae. Thus, the vulnerability of prey species depends, in part, on predator size.
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33

Strongman, D. B., and M. M. White. "New species and geographical distribution of trichomycetes (gut fungi) in a novel host, caddisfly (Trichoptera)." Botany 97, no. 10 (October 2019): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2019-0089.

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Trichomycetes are fungi and protists living in the guts of arthropods. Herbivorous insects in freshwater habitats commonly house these microbes, and there are over 300 species described. One very common group of aquatic insects occurring in most freshwater systems is caddisflies, belonging to the Order Trichoptera. Although these are potentially good hosts for trichomycetes, there has been little published on trichomycetes in this host and none have been described from caddisflies. We collected and dissected caddisfly larvae from multiple sites in Canada from 2001 to 2018 and describe five new species of trichomycetes from trichopteran larvae. Data are presented on the prevalence and seasonal variation of trichomycetes in caddisfly larvae at one site in Nova Scotia where multi-year collections were made.
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34

Moulton, Stephen R. "Catalog of the Neotropical caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera)." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 20, no. 1 (March 2001): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1468196.

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35

GÓRECKI, Krzysztof. "Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the Świętokrzyski National Park." Fragmenta Faunistica 59, no. 1 (2016): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/00159301ff2016.59.1.051.

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This faunistic study was carried out in the period 2008–2014 in the Natura 2000 Łysogóry (PLH260002) area, which is situated entirely in the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚPN). The study revealed the occurrence of 82 caddisfly species (Trichoptera). The insects were caught by light-trapping at 10 sites in the National Park and at one locality on its boundary. Five caddisfly species from the Polish Red List were found. Stenophylax vibex (Curtis, 1834), a rare species in Poland, has so far been found only in the ŚPN. Fifty-three species of caddisflies were found for the first time in the Świętokrzyski National Park, 19 of which are new to the Świętokrzyskie Mountains area. The study did not confirm the presence of sixteen species recorded previously but it has raised the total number of caddisfly species recorded in the Świetokrzyski National Park to 98.
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36

Viidalepp, Jaan, Henn Timm, and Juha Salokannel. "Estonian Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). An annotated checklist." Entomologica Fennica 21, no. 4 (August 15, 2019): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84531.

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Achecklist of 190 species of Estonian caddisflies is compiled based on literature and voucher material in collections at Estonian University of Life Sciences. 31 species are listed first time for the country while 159 taxa were referred to in literature. Two taxa are rejected as possible misidentifications (Diplectrona felix and Molanna submarginalis). 25 species are listed in Estonian Red Data book. Geographical distribution of Trichoptera both in Estonia and along the east shore of Baltic Sea is reviewed in brief.
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37

Winterbourn, Michael J. "Stable isotope analysis identifies morphologically indistinguishable caddisflies." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41, no. 4 (December 2007): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330709509930.

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38

Wells, Alice, and Wilfried Wichard. "Caddisflies of Dominican Amber VI. Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera)." Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 24, no. 1 (January 1989): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650528909360774.

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39

Williams, Nancy E. "The use of caddisflies (trichoptera) in palaeoecology." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90069-7.

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40

YOSHITOMI, TOMOYASU, NAOKI YAGINUMA, HIROYUKI ISO, TAKAHIRO ISHIKAWA, HITOSHI IMASEKI, and SHINO HOMMA-TAKEDA. "MERCURY DISTRIBUTION BY MICRO PIXE ANALYSIS IN STENOPSYCHE MARMORATA EXPOSED TO MERCURIC CHLORIDE." International Journal of PIXE 18, no. 01n02 (January 2008): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083508001363.

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Aquatic insects, such as caddisflies, are used as reference organisms for water pollution. The precise distribution of contaminated metals in the insect, however, remains unknown. In this study, we used micro PIXE analysis to examine mercury distribution in Stenopsyche marmorata, a typical caddisfly, exposed to mercuric chloride. The mercury level in the caddisflies after exposure to mercuric chloride at 1 mg/L for 5 days was 93.3 ± 25.0 μ g/g wet weight. Micro PIXE analysis also revealed a site-specific distribution of mercury in the insects. Mercury was high in the digestive tract, where it was localized in the basement membrane and the peritrophic membrane. Mercury was also detected in the tissue surrounding the digestive tract. Further examination of the tissue identified mercury in the fat body but not in the silk gland.
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41

DESIDÉRIO, GLEISON ROBSON, PATRIK BARCELOS-SILVA, WAGNER RAFAEL M. DE SOUZA, ANA MARIA PES, and CARLOS AUGUSTO S. DE AZEVÊDO. "Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Maranhão State, Northeast Region, Brazil: A new species, checklist, and new geographical records." Zootaxa 4221, no. 2 (January 17, 2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4221.2.1.

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In order to improve knowledge of Trichoptera diversity in Northeast Region, Brazil, we present here the first checklist of caddisflies from Maranhão State with a description of a new species and geographical records for the Northeast Region and for all of Brazil. Collections were made in 16 sites distributed in three municipalities of Maranhão State. A total of 54 caddisflies species, 26 genera and 10 families were recorded, including one new species of Leptoceridae, Triplectides maranhensis sp. nov., which is described and illustrated. All species listed here are recorded for the first time for the state, 23 of which are new records for the Northeast Region, as well as five new species for Brazil. These results increase the number of species reported from the Northeast Region from 167 to 221.
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42

MELNITSKY, STANISLAV I., and VLADIMIR D. IVANOV. "Three new caddisflies species of the fossil genus Archaeotinodes (Insecta: Trichoptera: Ecnomidae) from the Baltic Amber." Zootaxa 3635, no. 3 (March 27, 2013): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3635.3.5.

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Three new caddisflies species of the fossil genus Archaeotinodes: Archaeotinodes petropolitana sp. nov., Archaeotinodes regiomontana sp. nov., and Archaeotinodes rossica sp. nov. from the Baltic amber (Upper Eocene, 40 million years old), are described and illustrated.
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43

Cherchesova, S. K., M. I. Shapovalov, V. I. Mamaev, I. E. Dzhioeva, and A. V. Yakimov. "Freshwater Fauna of Invertebrates of the Northern Slopes of the Central Caucasus." BIO Web of Conferences 63 (2023): 07011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236307011.

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Data on the degree of knowledge on different groups of aquatic invertebrates on northern slopes of the Central Caucasus are given. It is shown that the best known groups are mayflies, stoneflies, odonates and caddisflies. Other groups have been studied to a much smaller degree. The estimated number of species in the study area is several hundreds. Secondary aquatic insect groups, such as those of the order Diptera, are the most speciose. Data on the degree of study of various groups of aquatic invertebrates on the northern slopes of the Central Caucasus are presented. It is shown that the most studied groups are mayflies, stoneflies, dragonflies and caddisflies. Other groups have been studied to a much lesser extent. The estimated number of species in the study area is several hundred. Minor groups of aquatic insects, such as the order Diptera, are more diverse.
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44

SOUZA, RAQUEL LIMA DE, VICTOR GOMES, and ADOLFO R. CALOR. "A new species of snail-case caddisflies (Trichoptera: Helicopsychidae) and new records of caddisflies from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil." Zootaxa 4227, no. 3 (February 3, 2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4227.3.3.

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A new species of Helicopsyche subgenus Feropsyche from Chapada Diamantina is diagnosed, described, and illustrated. Helicopsyche catoles n. sp. is easily distinguished from congeners by the following features: inferior appendages clavate, each bearing a posteroventral projection with 2-4 setae in lateral view, and tergum X with a notched apex and a short setal row along its length in dorsal view. Additionally, new records from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, are presented. A total of 31 species, including the new species, are recorded, belonging to 14 genera and 8 families. Two of these species constitute new records to Brazil (Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) succincta and Marilia misionensis) and another 10 of these species represent new records for Bahia [Chimarra (Curgia) hyoeides, Macronema hageni, M. partitum, Polyplectropus tragularius, Smicridea coronata, S. helenae, S. iguazu, S. jundiai, S. radula and Marilia major].
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45

Floyd, Michael A., John C. Morse, and J. Vaun McArthur. "Aquatic Insects of Upper Three Runs Creek, Savannah River Site, South Carolina. Part IV: Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the Lower Reaches2." Journal of Entomological Science 28, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-28.1.85.

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Ninety-three species of caddisflies, representing 14 families, were identified from collections obtained from two localities on Upper Three Runs Creek, Savannah River Site, Aiken County, South Carolina. Collections of adult caddisflies were made biweekly over a 1-yr period with ultraviolet light traps. The similarity index, Jaccard's Coefficient of Communities, showed that the two sites were over 78% similar with 73 species in common. Three species, Oxyethira setosa Denning, Triaenodes smithi Ross, and Nyctiophylax serratus Lago & Harris, are new distributional records for South Carolina. Two species of Triaenodes are new to science. Other species, which were considered to be endemic to the Upper Three Runs Creek drainage, rare outside of the drainage, or of limited distribution, included Cheumatopsyche richardsoni Gordon, Oxyethira dunhartonensis Kelley, Protoptila morettii Morse, Hydrophysche elissoma Ross, Triaenodes ochraceus (Betten and Mosely), Neotrichia falca Ross, Oecetis morsei Bueno-Soria, and Pycnopsyche virginica (Banks).
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46

Ušanović, Lejla, Dalila Destanović, Lejla Lasić, Jasna Hanjalić Kurtović, Filipe O. Costa, and Belma Kalamujić Stroil. "Status of the BOLD reference library of DNA barcodes of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Western Balkans." Periodicum Biologorum 124, no. 3-4 (May 5, 2023): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18054/pb.v124i3-4.24754.

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Background and purpose: Available data in research literature suggest that the Western Balkan countries hold a rich diversity of caddisflies. Assessment and biomonitoring of such rich diversity could be facilitated through DNA-based high-throughput approaches like DNA metabarcoding that depend on the availability of comprehensive reference libraries. Materials and methods: We assessed the status of the COI barcode sequence data for a total of 112 caddisflies species in the investigated region by determining the gaps in representative sequences in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) and examining the accuracy of available records using the Barcode, Audit and Grade System (BAGS). Results: Results revealed a considerable underrepresentation of surveyed geographic region in BOLD records for the target insect group. Moreover, the large majority of the species records were rated “discordant” (72.80% grade E), and only 15.20% were classified as “consolidated concordance or basal concordance” (3.20% grade A and 12.00% B). Approximately 3.20% of the records pertaining to species occurring in multiple BINs (Barcode Index Number) and 8.80% were poorly represented (i.e., less than three specimens, grade D). A fraction of the species graded discordant were deemed concordant after detailed inspection of individual data, decreasing by 14.07%. Conclusions: The assessment of the current state of BOLD entries indicated that DNA barcoding is still not widely applied in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia, emphasizing that Croatia has the most barcoded caddisflies species. The finding that available BOLD Trichopteran records for investigated countries were mainly graded as “discordant” indicates the need for better quality control of reference libraries.
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47

Górecki, Krzysztof. "First records of Oecismus monedula (Hagen, 1859) and Oecetis testacea Curtis, 1834 (Trichoptera) from Ukraine." Polish Journal of Entomology / Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 80, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10200-011-0036-x.

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First records of Oecismus monedula (Hagen, 1859) and Oecetis testacea Curtis, 1834 (Trichoptera) from Ukraine In Zakarpatie adults of two species of caddisflies new to the fauna of Ukraine were found: Oecismus monedula (Hagen, 1859) (Sericostomatidae) and Oecetis testacea Curtis, 1834 (Leptoceridae) (Trichoptera).
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48

Etnier, David A. "New Records of “Mountain Caddisflies” from Mississippi, USA." Entomological News 121, no. 5 (December 2010): 521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3157/021.121.0517.

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49

Evans, Ryan, Michael Floyd, David Etnier, Carl Cook, and Mark Vogel. "New Records of Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Kentucky." Entomological News 127, no. 2 (August 2017): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3157/021.127.0206.

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50

Uherkovich, Ákos, and Sára Nógrádi. "Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the Mecsek Mountains, South Hungary." Natura Somogyiensis, no. 9 (2006): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.24394/natsom.2006.9.289.

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The Mecsek Mountains, with a maximum of 680 m high elevations, are surrounded by low rolling countryside and lowlands. In this area 98 caddisfly species were found. An endemic taxon, Chaetopteryx rugulosa mecsekensis Nógrádi was also found here. Populations of some species have survived far from their continuous distribution area. The only Hungarian population of Plectrocnemia minima Klap. lives here, the population actually being endangered. The occurrence of this species shows zoogeographical connections with the Balkans, while the presence of two other species here (Synagapetus krawanyi Ulmer and Rhyacophila hirticornis McL.) represents their southeastemmost occurrence within their range in the Alpin area. Further eleven species have isolated occurrences as they do not live in the surrounding lowlands and low rolling countryside.
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