Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cadmium cations

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cadmium cations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Cadmium cations"

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Bolanle-Ojo, Tope O., Abiodun D. Joshua, Opeyemi A. Agbo-Adediran, et al. "Exchange Characteristics of Lead, Zinc, and Cadmium in Selected Tropical Soils." International Journal of Agronomy 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/428569.

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Conducting binary-exchange experiments is a common way to identify cationic preferences of exchangeable phases in soil. Cation exchange reactions and thermodynamic studies of Pb2+/Ca2+, Cd2+/Ca2+, and Zn2+/Ca2+were carried out on three surface (0–30 cm) soil samples from Adamawa and Niger States in Nigeria using the batch method. The physicochemical properties studies of the soils showed that the soils have neutral pH values, low organic matter contents, low exchangeable bases, and low effective cation exchange capacity (mean: 3.27 cmolc kg−1) but relatively high base saturations (≫50%) with a
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Lu, Yang, Wei-Qiang Liao, and Xiu-Ni Hua. "A new two-dimensional polymeric cadmium(II) complex containing dicyanamide bridging ligands." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 73, no. 11 (2017): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229617013614.

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As part of an exploration of new coordination polymers, a cadmium-dicyanamide complex, namely poly[benzyltriethylammonium [tri-μ-dicyanamido-κ6 N 1:N 5-cadmium(II)]], {(C13H22N)[Cd(C2N3)3]} n , has been synthesized by the reaction of benzyltriethylammonium bromide, cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate and sodium dicyanamide in aqueous solution, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature. In the crystal structure, each CdII cation is coordinated by six nitrile N atoms from six anionic dicyanamide (dca) ligands to furnish a slightly distorted octahedral geometry. Neighbour
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Mamedova, G. A. "THE ION-EXCHANGE PROPERTIES OF NATURAL ZEOLITE MORDENITE." Fine Chemical Technologies 11, no. 1 (2016): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2016-11-1-29-33.

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The cation exchange properties of mordenite (a Nakhchivan natural zeolite) were studied. Ion exchange of the original cations - sodium, potassium and calcium - by magnesium, strontium, cadmium, zinc and nickel cations was carried out. It was found that in the case of Zn cations cation exchange occurs readily at a high speed and the maximum value of the degree of exchange. A low value of the degree of cation exchange is observed for Mg. This is due to the large hydration shell of magnesium, which adversely affects the cation exchange. High values of the exchange rate of Na+ cations have already
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Bouchene, Rafika, Sofiane Bouacida, Fadila Berrah, and Thierry Roisnel. "A simple hydrated salt with a complex hydrogen-bonding network: tetrakis(5-amino-3-carboxy-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ium) hexachloridocadmate(II) tetrahydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 70, no. 7 (2014): 672–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229614012819.

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In the title cadmium chloride salt, (C3H5N4O2)4[CdCl6]·4H2O, the asymmetric unit comprises two N-protonated 5-amino-3-carboxy-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ium cations, half a [CdCl6]4−anion and two molecules of water. The Cd2+cation is located on a centre of inversion and is coordinated by six chloride anions, forming a distorted octahedron. In the crystal structure, alternating layers of cations and anions are arranged along the [101] direction, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular networkviaa combination of hydrogen-bonding and aromatic stacking interactions.
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Marshall, Wayne E., Lynda H. Wartelle, and Danny E. Akin. "Flax shive as a source of activated carbon for metals remediation." BioResources 2, no. 1 (2007): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.2.1.82-90.

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Flax shive constitutes about 70% of the flax stem and has limited use. Because shive is a lignocellulosic by-product, it can potentially be pyrolyzed and activated to produce an activated carbon. The objective of this study was to create an activated carbon from flax shive by chemical activation in order to achieve significant binding of selected divalent cations (cadmium, calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc). Shive carbons activated by exposure to phosphoric acid and com-pressed air showed greater binding of cadmium, copper, nickel or zinc than a sulfuric acid-activated flax shive carbon
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Anton, Andreas, Cornelia Große, Jana Reißmann, Thomas Pribyl, and Dietrich H. Nies. "CzcD Is a Heavy Metal Ion Transporter Involved in Regulation of Heavy Metal Resistance in Ralstonia sp. Strain CH34." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 22 (1999): 6876–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.22.6876-6881.1999.

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ABSTRACT The Czc system of Ralstonia sp. strain CH34 mediates resistance to cobalt, zinc, and cadmium through ion efflux catalyzed by the CzcCB2A cation-proton antiporter. The CzcD protein is involved in the regulation of the Czc system. It is a membrane-bound protein with at least four transmembrane α-helices and is a member of a subfamily of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein family, which occurs in all three domains of life. The deletion ofczcD in a Ralstonia sp. led to partially constitutive expression of the Czc system due to an increased transcription of the structural czcCBA
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Aly, H. M., and A. A. M. Daifullah. "Potential Use of Bagasse Pith for the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Metals." Adsorption Science & Technology 16, no. 1 (1998): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749801600105.

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Bagasse pith was tested for its ability to remove cadmium and lead ions from aqueous solutions under two modes of operation, i.e. in batch systems and continuous flow systems. Time dependency experiments showed a very rapid adsorption of these cations by bagasse pith. Thus, 62% of cadmium ions and 84% of lead ions were taken up by the bagasse pith at pH 6 and ca. 99% of each cation was recovered by treatment of the pith with 0.1 M HCl. The breakthrough capacity, Q0.5, the number of theoretical plates and the theoretical plate height were calculated. The capacity of bagasse pith was found to be
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Dimowa, Louiza, and Yana Tzvetanova. "Powder XRD Study of Changes of Cd2+ Modified Clinoptilolite at Different Stages of the Ion Exchange Process." Minerals 11, no. 10 (2021): 1130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11101130.

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Cadmium exchange on clinoptilolite is performed and structurally studied for different durations of the ion exchange process (2 h, 24 h, 72 h, 168 h, 12 days, 22 days) at room temperature and 90 °C. The distribution of Cd2+ ions in all samples is elucidated after exchange on clinoptilolite using powder XRD data processed by Rietveld structural software. Clinoptilolite is not selective for cadmium cations, but at 90 °C the exchange is ~2.5 cations per unit cell. At RT it reaches ~1.25 cations per unit cell being twice as low. The obtained maximum exchanged sample for 22 days 90 °C was structura
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Khoshbouy, Reza, Rico Lejiu, Fumitake Takahashi, and Kunio Yoshikawa. "Effect of acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process of tree branches using nitric acid on cadmium adsorption." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 03033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186703033.

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Application of acid in HTC process has been confirmed to have effect on hydrochar properties related to its adsorption capacity. Woody materials (tree branches) were used to investigate the relation of nitric acid addition in HTC process on the hydrochar surface properties and its adsorption mechanism toward cadmium in water solution. Tree branches were processed at 200-260 °C mixed with water and nitric acid (HNO3) at ratio 0-50% to hydrochar mass and held for holding time of 30, 105 and 180 minutes. Batch adsorption test was conducted by mixing the hydrochars with cadmium solution at 100 ppm
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Cacho, Frantisek, Lukas Lauko, Alena Manova, Jan Dzurov, and Ernest Beinrohr. "Sequential Determination of Total Arsenic and Cadmium in Concentrated Cadmium Sulphate Solutions by Flow-Through Stripping Chronopotentiometry after Online Cation Exchanger Separation." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/814983.

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Flow-through stripping chronopotentiometry with a gold wire electrode was used for the determination of total arsenic and cadmium in cadmium sulphate solutions for cadmium production. The analysis is based on the online separation of arsenic as arsenate anion from cadmium cations by means of a cation exchanger. On measuring arsenate in the effluent, the trapped cadmium is eluted by sodium chloride solution and determined in a small segment of the effluent by making use of the same electrode. The elaborated protocol enables a full automatic measurement of both species in the same sample solutio
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cadmium cations"

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Sandrin, Todd Ryan. "Naphthalene biodegradation in a cadmium cocontaminated system: Effects of rhamnolipid, pH, and divalent cations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289199.

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Forty percent of hazardous waste sites on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Priority List (NPL) are cocontaminated with organic and metal pollutants. Conventional approaches to remediating these sites are costly and often ineffective. Bioremediation is a promising, cost-effective alternative but metal toxicity at cocontaminated sites may limit its efficacy. The research described in this dissertation provides two new possible approaches to enhance the bioremediation of cocontaminated environments and sheds light on the relationship between metal concentration and inhibition o
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Souchon, Vincent. "Ingénierie moléculaire et fluorescence pour la reconnaissance de cations toxiques." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00255005.

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Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre du programme Toxicologie Nucléaire Environnementale dont l'objectif est d'étudier les effets sur le vivant de différents métaux lourds ou radionucléides issus de l'industrie nucléaire. En particulier, il concerne la conception de nouvelles sondes fluorescentes pour la détection sélective de Pb2+, Cd2+ et Cs+ en milieu biologique. Plusieurs calixarènes azotés fluorescents ont été synthétisés et étudiés pour la détection du plomb. L'un d'entre eux a pu être utilisé dans des conditions proches du milieu biologique. La synthèse de nouveaux composés porta
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El, Majzoub El Sabagh Abir. "Evaluation de ligands tétraazamacrocycliques porteurs de groupements benzimidazole pour le dosage de cations." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/sciences/2008REIMS024.pdf.

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L’objectif poursuivi au cours de ce travail est de développer des nouvelles sondes fluorescentes et de mettre à profit leurs propriétés en fluorescence pour titrer les cations, en particulier le Zn2+. Les ligands développés dans ce but sont des cyclen et cyclam monoN-fonctionnalisés par un groupement méthylbenzimidazole ainsi qu’un cyclen diN-fonctionnalisé par ce même groupement. Dans le cas des complexes de cyclen et cyclam monoN-fonctionnalisés, la présence d’atomes coordinants exomacrocycliques augmente la stabilité des complexes des métaux de transitions étudiés. Pour chacun des ligands m
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Watthage, Suneth C. "Solution-Processed Fabrication of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites & Back Interface Engineering of Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1512390043951256.

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Barbier, Frédérique. "Rétention du plomb(II) et du cadmium(II) par une barrière argileuse : transferts métalliques et influence de la complexation." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10256.

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La mise en decharge sans traitement prealable est la methode d'elimination des dechets solides la plus ancienne et la plus repandue. L'ecoulement des eaux de ruissellement conduit alors a la formation de lixiviats contenant des polluants mineraux et organiques. Les textes reglementaires imposent d'impermeabiliser les fonds de decharges par une double barriere afin d'eviter la contamination des sous-sols par ces lixiviats. La premiere barriere, active, est constituee d'un systeme de drains et d'une geomembrane. La seconde, passive, est constituee d'une couche d'argile impermeable permettant de
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Сердюк, Василь Олексійович, Василий Алексеевич Сердюк та Vasil OleksIyovich Serdyuk. "Мембранні електрохімічні пристрої в процесах регенерації гальванічних розчинів". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86159.

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Дисертація присвячена розробці науково-практичних засад удосконалення процесів регенерації гальванічних технологічних розчинів за допомогою методу мембранного електролізу. Проведено аналітичний огляд науково-технічної інформації щодо областей застосування та умов роботи мембранних електрохімічних пристроїв. На базі аналізу наукових джерел показано ефективність методу мембранного електролізу у процесах очищення водних розчинів від шкідливих та отруйних речовин. Показано, що підвищення якості та терміну роботи технологічних хромовмісних гальванічних ванн можливо завдяки роботі мембранних
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Ipci, Irem. "Investigation Of Cadmium Removal Mechanisms By Clinoptilolite." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611358/index.pdf.

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Clinoptilolite is a natural zeolite which can be used favorably in heavy metal removal. The main mechanisms for metal removal via clinoptilolite are adsorption and ion exchange. Several sources propose to keep the normality constant to obtain equilibrium isotherms for ion exchange systems, while many studies use constant sorbent mass with varying normalities of the sorbate. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevailing mechanisms of clinoptilolite during cadmium removal and the impact of the methodology for obtaining equilibrium isotherms. Batch Cd2+ removal experiments were co
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Booker, Nicholas Anthony. "Removal of cadmium from wet process phosphoric acid by cation exchange." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47365.

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Mellott, Alayna N. "Divalent Metal Cation Entry and Cytotoxicity in Jurkat T Cells: Role of TRPM7 Channels." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1597319673881729.

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Magee, Chad Leroy Keller S. W. "The synthesis and characterization of 1,1'-disubstituted ferrocene imine Schiff base ligand systems for use as potential environmental heavy metal cationic sensors." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/7117.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb. 23, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dr. Steven W. Keller, Dissertation Supervisor. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cadmium cations"

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Yu, T. R., and H. Y. Sun. "Specific Adsorption of Cations." In Chemistry of Variable Charge Soils. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097450.003.0008.

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In the adsorption of cations by soils, except for the electrostatic force discussed in Chapter 3, specific forces between the surface of soil particles and the cations may sometimes be involved. The adsorption caused by these specific forces is called specific adsorption. Apparently, this adsorption would be related to both the nature of the cations and the surface properties of the soil. Generally speaking, various oxides are the principal materials responsible for specific adsorption of cations in soils. Variable charge soils contain large amounts of iron and aluminum oxides. At the same tim
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Wu, Wen-Chia, Chung-Sung Yang, and Yan Xu. "Twist Tetrahedral-Tilting Structure Built from Photoluminescent Cadmium Chalcogenide Clusters." In Advanced Functional Materials. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92066.

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The newly synthesized cadmium chalcogenide ternary cluster is composed by six [S3Se]2− tetrahedron units, coordinated with six Cd2+ cations. The potential cavity, calculated by the PLATON program, occupied 38.1% of crystal cell volume. The charge of unit cell is neutral. Therefore, the unit cell formula is determinate as [Cd6S18Se6]. Two strong solid-state luminescence peaks, centered at 450 nm and 498 nm, were observed from the ternary [Cd6S18Se6] clusters by λ = 370 nm radiation. The 450 nm peak is due to the porosity property of cadmium chalcogenide clusters. However, the 498 nm peak has no
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Chate, Prashant A., and Dattatray J. Sathe. "DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF ZnSe BASED SOLAR CELLS." In Futuristic Trends in Renewable & Sustainable Energy Volume 3 Book 2. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bars2p1ch13.

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Direct wide band gap zinc selenide (ZnSe) would be a perfect match for solar cell devices. In photoelectrochemical cells, Znse is act as n-type photoelectrode. Electrolytes, redox couple, solvent, ionic liquids, cations and additives decide the efficiency of the devices. ZnSe is appropriate passivation substance to generate a type II core or shell arrangement for CdSe/cadmium sulphie quantum dots There are some benefits related with ZnSe heterojunction based solar cells above silicon homojunction
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"Soil Pollution by Cadmium in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Global Industrial Impacts of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7116-6.ch011.

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In this chapter, the sources and toxikinetics of cadmium (Cd) in soils of sub-Saharan Africa were identified and discussed. The metal was found to be toxic in soils due to its high mobility and ability to replace divalent cations of near similar or similar physicochemical characteristics. Natural sources of the heavy metal include its carbonate, sulfide, and selenide ores. Anthropic sources include the mining and smelting of gold, tin, and cobalt among other metals mainly by artisans, manufacturing of Cd-nickel batteries and resultant wastes laden with the metal and agricultural additives such
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Tsugawa J.K., Boscov M.E.G., and Oliveira E. "Solubilization and diffusion of metallic cations from a tropical residual soil in a acidic environment." In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. IOS Press, 2005. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-656-9-2339.

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This paper presents a study of solubilization and reverse diffusion of metallic cations in a tropical residual soil caused by contact with acidic solutions, aiming to assess the influence of these phenomena in the retention of heavy metals. Reverse diffusion tests were carried out to investigate the efficiency of the extractor i.e. solutions of HCl and HNO3in distilled water at pH 1, and the influence of the procedure of extractor application on the solubilization process (3Vvat once of in three steps of 1Vv, Vv= void volume of the soil specimen). Ten elements were investigated: Al, As, Ca, Cd
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Massa Ismaël, Bamba, and Sorho Siaka. "The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants." In The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104088.

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In view of the growing threat of trace metals to human health, this work set itself the objective of documenting the toxicity of the trace metals most in contact with humans on human health through food. Thus, this study revealed that organic matter, pH and CEC are the main soil parameters that influence the passage of trace metals from soil to plants. The study also revealed that agriculture, industry and road traffic contribute greatly to the input of trace metals into the environment. Regarding the mechanisms of toxicity, the study showed that chromium VI and copper manifested their toxicit
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Rangreez, Tauseef Ahmad, Rizwana Mobin, Hamida-Tun-Nisa Chisti, Rafia Bashir, and Tabassum Ara. "Advanced Water Treatment Systems and Their Applications." In Advanced Treatment Techniques for Industrial Wastewater. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5754-8.ch001.

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The chapter gives an idea about water as a life-sustaining medium and the sources of its pollution along with the deteriorating effects of over burdening of natural resources and the effect of various heavy metal ions discharged into the water bodies on human health and wellbeing. Several human diseases and disorders that are caused due to intake of water polluted by toxic heavy metal ions are also listed. The need and urgency in determination and removal of heavy metal ions from the water sources in order to release load on aquifers by making water safe for reuse is emphasized. The procedure
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Onyestyák, G., and D. Kalló. "Catalytic behavior of Cd-clinoptilolite prepared by introduction of cadmium metal onto cationic sites." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(02)80262-2.

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Schweitzer, George K., and Lester L. Pesterfield. "The Zn Group." In The Aqueous Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195393354.003.0019.

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The elements of this group (zinc Zn, cadmium Cd, mercury Hg) all exhibit a II oxidation state in aqueous systems, and Hg also shows a I oxidation state as indicated by the unusual cation Hg2+2. None of the elements shows oxidation states greater than II, which indicates that the d electrons are not involved. Within the group Zn and Cd resemble each other more closely than Cd and Hg. This is especially evident in the nobility of Hg (E˚ positive for Zn and Cd, negative for Hg), the lack of an Hg hydroxide, the thermal instability of HgO, and the greater stabilities of many Hg complexes as compar
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Conference papers on the topic "Cadmium cations"

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Nasr-El-Din, H. A., A. Y. Al-Humaidan, B. A. Fadhel, and R. Saleh. "Effect of Acid Additives on the Efficiency of Dissolving Iron Sulfide Scale." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00439.

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Abstract Iron sulfide scale causes many operational problems in the oil industry. For example, accumulation of iron sulfide particles around the wellbore area can result in loss of injectivity or productivity of the wells. Hydrochloric acid can be used to remove some iron sulfide deposits. However, this process produces hydrogen sulfide; a toxic and corrosive gas. In addition, hydrogen sulfide reacts with ferric ions and precipitates elemental sulfur. Elemental sulfur is insoluble in acids, practically impossible to dissolve, corrosive, and can damage the formation. Hydrogen sulfide reacts wit
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OPITZ, JÖRG, BERT STEGEMANN, BERNHARD KAISER, and KLAUS RADEMANN. "ZINC AND CADMIUM DOPED RARE GAS CLUSTER CATIONS." In Proceedings of the International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793805_0068.

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Irawan, Chairul, Meilana Dharma Putra, Iryanti F. Nata, et al. "Removal of Cadmium from Aqueous Solution Using Composite Nanostructure Natural Zircon and Magnetite Particles (Fe3O4@ZrO2) as an Adsorbent." In 4th International Seminar on Fundamental and Application of Chemical Engineering. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-oep9oi.

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The potential of zircon minerals in Indonesia as valuable adsorbent materials has not been properly developed. Seeing its high potential as an excellent adsorbent for anions/cations in water treatment and industrial wastewater, the raw zircon minerals into zircon oxides which will later be composited with magnetic nanoparticles using one-pot solvothermal processes (Fe3O4@ZrO2). Cadmium is one of the most substances heavy metals toxic at lower concentrations. It is used in many industries, including textiles, paint, and dyes. In drinking water and industrial wastewater, the permissible concentr
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Khazaradze, Natia, and Khatuna Omiadze. "Study of Dmanisi Mineral Water." In Multidisciplinary International Scientific Conference: „Sustainable Development: Modern Trends and Challenges“. Kutaisi University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.52244/c.2024.11.31.

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The object of study is the mineral water "Dmanisi" in the municipality of Dmanisi. Although water has been used for centuries to treat kidney diseases, it was studied by us for the first time. Sampling water in different seasons were studied by chemical, microbiological and physico-chemical methods: Study of chemical composition: (determination of pH, hardness, Na+ and K+ by flame emission spectrometry (ISO 9964-3:2010); Sstudy of anions and cations by ion-exchange chromatography: ISO 9964-3:2010, ISO 10304-1:2007 , ISO 10523:2010); Determination of heavy metals: plasma-emission and plasma-emi
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Kubicki, Dominik, Daniel Prochowicz, Albert Hofstetter, Shaik Zakeeruddin, Michael Grätzel, and Lyndon Emsley. "Cadmium Doping: Incorporation and Phase Segregation in Mixed-Cation and Mixed-Halide Lead Perovskites from Solid-State NMR." In 11th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics. Fundació Scito, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2019.154.

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