Journal articles: 'Cadmium sulfure'

1

Julien-Pouzol, M., and S. Jaulmes. "Redétermination de la Structure du Sulfure de Cadmium et de Germanium, Cd4GeS6." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 51, no. 10 (October 15, 1995): 1966–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270195003763.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Wang, Clifford L., Priya D. Maratukulam, Amy M. Lum, Douglas S. Clark, and J. D. Keasling. "Metabolic Engineering of an Aerobic Sulfate Reduction Pathway and Its Application to Precipitation of Cadmium on the Cell Surface." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 10 (October 1, 2000): 4497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.10.4497-4502.2000.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The conversion of sulfate to an excess of free sulfide requires stringent reductive conditions. Dissimilatory sulfate reduction is used in nature by sulfate-reducing bacteria for respiration and results in the conversion of sulfate to sulfide. However, this dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway is inhibited by oxygen and is thus limited to anaerobic environments. As an alternative, we have metabolically engineered a novel aerobic sulfate reduction pathway for the secretion of sulfides. The assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway was redirected to overproduce cysteine, and excess cysteine was converted to sulfide by cysteine desulfhydrase. As a potential application for this pathway, a bacterium was engineered with this pathway and was used to aerobically precipitate cadmium as cadmium sulfide, which was deposited on the cell surface. To maximize sulfide production and cadmium precipitation, the production of cysteine desulfhydrase was modulated to achieve an optimal balance between the production and degradation of cysteine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Blais, J. F., R. D. Tyagi, J. C. Auclair, and C. P. Huang. "Comparison of Acid and Microbial Leaching for Metal Removal from Municipal Sludge." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 1-2 (July 1, 1992): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0400.

Full text

Abstract:

The metal removal from municipal sewage sludge was studied by acid treatment and two microbial leaching processes in laboratory reactors. The leaching potential of the three processes tested were compared from results obtained on twenty-three sludges, and the influence of solids content and types of sludges was also investigated. The use of a microbial leaching process with elemental sulfur and or ferrous sulfate as substrate permits to reduce considerably the quantity of acid required for metal extraction with a reduction of 100 and 83% respectively. Bioleaching process with sulfur as substrate and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (bioreaction time of 5 days) was revealed to be better than the acid treatment process and microbial leaching with ferrous sulfate and iron-oxidizing bacteria (bioreaction time of 10 days) for solubilization of all metals tested. Microbial leaching process with ferrous sulfate as substrate permits a better solubilization of cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc than the acid tratment with sulfuric acid (1 day, at pH 1.5). However, the solubilization of aluminium, chromium, nickel and lead was less than acid leaching.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Lahariya, Vikas. "Study of Electroluminescence in Cadmium Sulfide Polymer Nanocomposite Films." Journal of Nano Research 49 (September 2017): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.49.181.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanocrystalline cadmium sulfide/Polyvinyl alcohol composite films were prepared by chemical route using Cadmium acetate and hydrogen sulfide gas as cadmium and sulfur source respectively. Poly vinyl Alcohal (PVA) used as polymer matrix. The initially loading of cadmium precursor influences the size as well as photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties of the Composite film. The films were characterized by X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and UV-Visible Absorption spectra. The X-ray Diffraction result showed that CdS nanocrystals embedded in polymer matrix were in a zinc blend cubic structure. The UV-Visible absorption spectra of composite film reveal the blue shift in the band gap energy with respect to CdS bulk (2.42eV) material owing to quantum confinement effect. The Photoluminescence emission spectra show the green light emission at 510 nm arising from the defects states due to excess of cadmium or sulfur anion vacancies. Electroluminescence study indicates enhanced emission with low turn on voltage for higher loading of cadmium in polymer matrix due to increased oscillator strength. When higher electric field is applied, light emission start due to acceleration collision mechanism by charge carries inside the composite film.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Sandoval Cárdenas, Diana Issell, Marlenne Gomez-Ramirez, Norma G. Rojas-Avelizapa, and Mónica Araceli Vidales-Hurtado. "Synthesis of Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles by Biomass of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici ." Journal of Nano Research 46 (March 2017): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.46.179.

Full text

Abstract:

This study describes extracellular biosynthesis of cadmium sulfide quantum dots by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Mycelia was incubated with a cadmium sulfate solution at 30°C and after 12 days the mixture became yellow, then the biomass was discarded through paper filtration. The filtrate containing extracellular cadmium sulfide quantum dots displayed increased UV-Vis absorption from 300 - 500 nm and fluorescence at 520 nm which was not shown when incubated without cadmium sulfide, thus indicating the presence of biologically synthesized quantum dots. Transmission electron microscope analysis of biologically synthesized quantum dots evinced individual 2 - 6 nm diameter circular nanoparticles of uniform size. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the presence of S and Cd. Additionally, this study showed the relevance in the use of positive and negative controls when evaluating the biosynthesis of CdS quantum dots using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrophotometry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Podborska, Agnieszka, and Konrad Szaciłowski. "Towards 'Computer-on-a-Particle' Devices: Optoelectronic 1:2 Demultiplexer Based on Nanostructured Cadmium Sulfide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 2 (2010): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch09440.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanocrystalline sulfur-doped cadmium sulfide (CdS) prepared by microwave synthesis was investigated. Photoelectrochemical and optical characteristics of sulfur-doped CdS exhibit the photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching effect. Depending on the wavelength and applied bias, the anodic and/or cathodic photocurrent was observed. The unusual behaviour of nanocrystalline CdS allowed the construction of a combinatorial logic system from this material.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Bang, Sang-Weon, Douglas S. Clark, and Jay D. Keasling. "Engineering Hydrogen Sulfide Production and Cadmium Removal by Expression of the Thiosulfate Reductase Gene (phsABC) from Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Escherichia coli." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 3939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.9.3939-3944.2000.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The thiosulfate reductase gene (phsABC) fromSalmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was expressed inEscherichia coli to overproduce hydrogen sulfide from thiosulfate for heavy metal removal (or precipitation). A 5.1-kb DNA fragment containing phsABC was inserted into the pMB1-based, high-copy, isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside-inducible expression vector pTrc99A and the RK2-based, medium-copy,m-toluate-inducible expression vector pJB866, resulting in plasmids pSB74 and pSB77. A 3.7-kb DNA fragment, excluding putative promoter and regulatory regions, was inserted into the same vectors, making plasmids pSB103 and pSB107. E. coli DH5α strains harboring the phsABC constructs showed higher thiosulfate reductase activity and produced significantly more sulfide than the control strains under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Among the four phsABC constructs, E. coli DH5α (pSB74) produced thiosulfate reductase at the highest level and removed the most cadmium from solution under anaerobic conditions: 98% of all concentrations up to 150 μM and 91% of 200 μM. In contrast, a negative control did not produce any measurable sulfide and removed very little cadmium from solution. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that the metal removed from solution precipitated as a complex of cadmium and sulfur, most likely cadmium sulfide.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Shew, C. F., and N. Kosaric. "Toxicity of Sulfite and Cadmium to Anaerobic Granular Sludge." Water Quality Research Journal 29, no. 4 (November 1, 1994): 581–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1994.037.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Toxicity of sulfite (Na2SO3) and cadmium (CdCl2) ions to anaerobic granular sludge was investigated in 1.2 litre bench-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors during process acclimation and shock load conditions. Minimal sulfite toxicity was observed under gradual and shock load conditions at sulfite concentrations of up to 1000 mg S/L if proper acclimation was allowed to occur. No long-term toxic effects were observed although the COD digestion rate was temporarily inhibited by shock load of sulfite. Scanning electron micrographs indicated that more sulfate-reducing bacteria were present in the granules developed in the reactors with sulfite supplement although rod-shaped Methanosaeta-like bacteria were still dominant. High bacterial growth rate was observed in the reactors which were supplied with the feed containing sulfite. The COD digestion rate was inhibited at a cadmium loading rate of 2.4 g Cd per day under both acclimation and shock load conditions. Acclimation did not seem to improve the bacteria to tolerate the toxicity of cadmium. The concentration of free cadmium was very low in the reactors under normal conditions, but increased rapidly when the COD digestion in the reactors ceased. The bacteria could not be reactivated after inhibited by cadmium. When reactors were operated at low specific COD loading rates, more inorganic precipitates were formed inside the granules which consequently settled faster.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Soltani, Nayereh, Elias Saion, Mohd Zobir Hussein, Robiah Bt Yunus, and Manizheh Navaseri. "Characterization of CdS Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Microwave-Assisted Polyol Method." Advanced Materials Research 667 (March 2013): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.667.122.

Full text

Abstract:

Synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles has been performed through the simple and rapid microwave-assisted polyol method, using cadmium chloride and thioacetamide as the cadmium and sulfur sources respectively. Attempts were made to control the size and crystallinity of the CdS nanoparticles by controlling microwave irradiation time and the initial molar ratio of the cadmium and sulfur sources. The structure of nanoparticles characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) was hexagonal. No peaks corresponding to impurities were detected, indicating the high purity of the product. The size of the prepared samples was calculated by Debye–Scherrer formula according to XRD spectra. The morphology of particles was observed in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images was spherical. The average size of nanoparticles was also estimated from these images. The optical absorption of CdS nanoparticles studied by UV-Visible spectroscopy showed a blue shift from bulk CdS due to quantum confinement. The size of nanoparticles was calculated by Brus formula according to UV-Visible spectrum and compared to XRD and TEM results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Shibata, Hiroomi, and Shigeki Kobayashi. "Characterization of a HMT2-like enzyme for sulfide oxidation from Pseudomonas putida." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w06-022.

Full text

Abstract:

The open reading frame pp0053, which has a high homology with the sequence of mitochondrial sulfide dehydrogenase (HMT2) conferring cadmium tolerance in fission yeast, was amplified from Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and expressed in Escherichia coli JM109(DE3). The isolated and purified PP0053-His showed absorption spectra typical of a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)–binding protein. The PP0053-His catalyzed a transfer of sulfide-sulfur to the thiophilic acceptor, cyanide, which decreased the Km value of the enzyme for sulfide oxidation and elevated the sulfide-dependent quinone reduction. Reaction of the enzyme with cyanide elicited a dose-dependent formation of a charge transfer band, and the FAD-cyanide adduct was supposed to work for a sulfur transfer. The pp0053 deletion from P. putida KT2440 led to activity declines of the intracellular catalase and ubiquinone-H2 oxidase. The sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase activity in P. putida KT2440 was attributable to the presence of pp0053, and the activity showed a close relevance to enzymatic activities related to sulfur assimilation.Key words: HMT2-like enzyme, pp0053, Pseudomonas putida, sulfide oxidation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Helbig, Kerstin, Cornelia Grosse, and Dietrich H. Nies. "Cadmium Toxicity in Glutathione Mutants of Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 15 (June 6, 2008): 5439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00272-08.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThe higher affinity of Cd2+for sulfur compounds than for nitrogen and oxygen led to the theoretical consideration that cadmium toxicity should result mainly from the binding of Cd2+to sulfide, thiol groups, and sulfur-rich complex compounds rather than from Cd2+replacement of transition-metal cations from nitrogen- or oxygen-rich biological compounds. This hypothesis was tested by usingEscherichia colifor a global transcriptome analysis of cells synthesizing glutathione (GSH; wild type), γ-glutamylcysteine (ΔgshBmutant), or neither of the two cellular thiols (ΔgshAmutant). The resulting data, some of which were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, were sorted using the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) orthology system, which groups genes hierarchically with respect to the cellular functions of their respective products. The main difference among the three strains concerned tryptophan biosynthesis, which was up-regulated in wild-type cells upon cadmium shock and strongly up-regulated in ΔgshAcells but repressed in ΔgshBcells containing γ-glutamylcysteine instead of GSH. Overall, however, all threeE. colistrains responded to cadmium shock similarly, with the up-regulation of genes involved in protein, disulfide bond, and oxidative damage repair; cysteine and iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis; the production of proteins containing sensitive iron-sulfur clusters; the storage of iron; and the detoxification of Cd2+by efflux. General energy conservation pathways and iron uptake were down-regulated. These findings indicated that the toxic action of Cd2+indeed results from the binding of the metal cation to sulfur, lending support to the hypothesis tested.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Gallardo-Benavente, Carla, Jessica L. Campo-Giraldo, Juan Castro-Severyn, Andrés Quiroz, and José M. Pérez-Donoso. "Genomics Insights into Pseudomonas sp. CG01: An Antarctic Cadmium-Resistant Strain Capable of Biosynthesizing CdS Nanoparticles Using Methionine as S-Source." Genes 12, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020187.

Full text

Abstract:

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. GC01, a cadmium-resistant Antarctic bacterium capable of biosynthesizing CdS fluorescent nanoparticles (quantum dots, QDs) employing a unique mechanism involving the production of methanethiol (MeSH) from methionine (Met). To explore the molecular/metabolic components involved in QDs biosynthesis, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis, searching for the genes related to cadmium resistance and sulfur metabolic pathways. The genome of Pseudomonas sp. GC01 has a 4,706,645 bp size with a 58.61% G+C content. Pseudomonas sp. GC01 possesses five genes related to cadmium transport/resistance, with three P-type ATPases (cadA, zntA, and pbrA) involved in Cd-secretion that could contribute to the extracellular biosynthesis of CdS QDs. Furthermore, it exhibits genes involved in sulfate assimilation, cysteine/methionine synthesis, and volatile sulfur compounds catabolic pathways. Regarding MeSH production from Met, Pseudomonas sp. GC01 lacks the genes E4.4.1.11 and megL for MeSH generation. Interestingly, despite the absence of these genes, Pseudomonas sp. GC01 produces high levels of MeSH. This is probably associated with the metC gene that also produces MeSH from Met in bacteria. This work is the first report of the potential genes involved in Cd resistance, sulfur metabolism, and the process of MeSH-dependent CdS QDs bioproduction in Pseudomonas spp. strains.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Zhang, Ya Hui, Xi Cheng, and Qing Wang. "The Synthesis of Cadmium Sulfide and Cadmium Selenide Nanostructures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.467.

Full text

Abstract:

Cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide have been the subject of considerable interest because of their potentialapplications in many fields. In this paper, the synthesis of cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide nanostructures is described. The Morphologies of as prepared cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide nanostructures are summarized. And the applications and prospects of cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide in this field also are analyzed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Wang, Rongfang, Xingming Wei, Pingfang Tao, Qinmin Wei, Pei Zhang, and Yiguang Tan. "Aqueous synthesis of thioglycollic acid-capped Tb3+-doped cadmium sulfur quantum dots." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 7 (December 28, 2016): 184798041668080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980416680809.

Full text

Abstract:

Cadmium sulfur nanocrystals doped with the rare earth ion Tb3+ were synthesized using an easy aqueous method. Powder X-ray diffraction was used for the crystallography analysis of the nanocrystals. Results showed that cadmium sulfur: Tb3+ quantum dots had a cubic crystal structure. Effects of the pH of the original solution and Tb3+-dopant amount on luminescence properties of cadmium sulfur quantum dots were also systematically investigated. The luminescence properties of cadmium sulfur quantum dots were further improved using an appropriate Tb3+-dopant amount.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Mohammad, Jamal F. "Effects of multi- Deposition on the structural and optical properties of CdS nanocrystalline thin film prepared by CBD technique." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 11, no. 20 (February 25, 2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v11i20.383.

Full text

Abstract:

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocrystalline thin films have been prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique on commercial glass substrates at 70ºC temperature. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) as a source of cadmium (Cd), thiourea (CS(NH2)2) as a source of sulfur and ammonia solution (NH4OH) were added to maintain the pH value of the solution at 10. The characterization of thin films was carried out through the structural and optical properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. A UV-VIS optical spectroscopy study was carried out to determine the band gap of the nanocrystalline CdS thin film and it showed a blue shift with respect to the bulk value (from 3.9 - 2.4eV). In present work effects of thickness on the structural and optical properties of CdS nanocrystalline thin films were discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Apykhtina, O. L., and K. P. Kozlov. "Micro- and macroelements content in rats` liver and kidneys after exposure to cadmium sulfide nanoparticles and cadmium chloride." Ukrainian Journal of Occupational Health 2017, no. 3 (September 29, 2017): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2017.03.060.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Goncharova, Darya A., Ivan N. Lapin, and Valery Svetlichnyi. "Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation of Metallic Cadmium Target in Presence Different Precursors." Advanced Materials Research 1085 (February 2015): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.182.

Full text

Abstract:

The special features of nanoparticles formation by laser ablation of volume metallic zinc targets in various solvents using sulfur precursors are studied. Semiconductor cadmium sulphide nanoparticles with average sizes 10–15 nm are synthesized by zinc ablation in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and thioacetamide, and their composition, structure, and optical properties are investigated. It is established that with the use of H2S, only CdS particles are formed in the medium.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Zhang, Ya Hui, and Qing Wang. "The New Progress of Cadmium Sulfide Synthesis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 142 (November 2011): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.142.83.

Full text

Abstract:

Cadmium sulfide has been the subject of considerable interest because of its potential applications in many fields. In this paper, the synthesis of Cadmium sulfide nanostructures is described. The Morphologies of as prepared Cadmium sulfide nanostructures are summarized. And the applications and prospects of Cadmium sulfide in this field also are analyzed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

LORYUENYONG, VORRADA, NOPPANUT RUANKUL, NATTAPON SUPSO, and PONGSATORN CHUNPADUNGSUK. "EFFECTS OF EXCESSIVE REACTANTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CADMIUM SULFIDE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION." International Journal of Nanoscience 07, no. 04n05 (August 2008): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x08005432.

Full text

Abstract:

Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized and grown on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition. The method involves the preparation of aqueous solutions containing cadmium chloride ( CdCl 2) and thiourea [ CS ( NH 2)2] as source materials for cadmium and sulfur components, respectively. Ammonium hydroxide ( NH 4 OH )–ammonium chloride ( NH 4 Cl ) solution was used as a complexing agent in this study. The hexagonal and cubic crystal structure of as-deposited CdS films, determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), is shown. The effects of Cd : S ratio variation on the surface morphology and optical properties of CdS films are also reported. The UV-vis transmission spectrum and SEM micrographs indicated that the Cd : S ratio in the aqueous solution had an impact on the band gap as well as the crystallite size and packing density of the CdS particles due to the quantum confinement effect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Pfaff, Gerhard. "Cadmium sulfide / selenide pigments." Physical Sciences Reviews 6, no. 6 (February 16, 2021): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psr-2020-0151.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Cadmium sulfide and selenide pigments (cadmium pigments) belong to the inorganic yellow, orange and red pigments. Cadmium sulfide pigments are based on the wurtzite lattice, where cadmium can be partially substituted by zinc or mercury and sulfide by selenide. Cadmium pigments are characterized by excellent optical and application characteristics in particular regarding brightness of shade, hiding power, tinting strength, and weather fastness. The declining use of cadmium-containing materials in the last decades is a result of the environmental discussion and the development of less problematic substitute products, especially of bismuth vanadate and high-value organic, temperature-stable yellow and red pigments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Speiser, D. M., D. F. Ortiz, L. Kreppel, G. Scheel, G. McDonald, and D. W. Ow. "Purine biosynthetic genes are required for cadmium tolerance in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5301.

Full text

Abstract:

Phytochelatins (PCs) are metal-chelating peptides produced in plants and some fungi in response to heavy metal exposure. A Cd-sensitive mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, defective in production of a PC-Cd-sulfide complex essential for metal tolerance, was found to harbor mutations in specific genes of the purine biosynthetic pathway. Genetic analysis of the link between metal complex accumulation and purine biosynthesis enzymes revealed that genetic lesions blocking two segments of the pathway, before and after the IMP branchpoint, are required to produce the Cd-sensitive phenotype. The biochemical functions of these two segments of the pathway are similar, and a model based on the alternate use of a sulfur analog substrate is presented. The novel participation of purine biosynthesis enzymes in the conversion of the PC-Cd complex to the PC-Cd-sulfide complex in the fission yeast raises an intriguing possibility that these same enzymes might have a role in sulfur metabolism in the fission yeast S. pombe, and perhaps in other biological systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Speiser, D. M., D. F. Ortiz, L. Kreppel, G. Scheel, G. McDonald, and D. W. Ow. "Purine biosynthetic genes are required for cadmium tolerance in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5301-5310.1992.

Full text

Abstract:

Phytochelatins (PCs) are metal-chelating peptides produced in plants and some fungi in response to heavy metal exposure. A Cd-sensitive mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, defective in production of a PC-Cd-sulfide complex essential for metal tolerance, was found to harbor mutations in specific genes of the purine biosynthetic pathway. Genetic analysis of the link between metal complex accumulation and purine biosynthesis enzymes revealed that genetic lesions blocking two segments of the pathway, before and after the IMP branchpoint, are required to produce the Cd-sensitive phenotype. The biochemical functions of these two segments of the pathway are similar, and a model based on the alternate use of a sulfur analog substrate is presented. The novel participation of purine biosynthesis enzymes in the conversion of the PC-Cd complex to the PC-Cd-sulfide complex in the fission yeast raises an intriguing possibility that these same enzymes might have a role in sulfur metabolism in the fission yeast S. pombe, and perhaps in other biological systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Zhang, Da Chao, Xiao Lai Liu, Da Ming Guan, Xiao Yi Xu, and Su Ying Wu. "Study on Treatment of Smelting Contaminated Acid by Evaporation Condensing Process." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.564.

Full text

Abstract:

Copper smelting gas producing sulfuric acid process produces contaminated acid which contains high concentration of fluorine, chlorine, arsenic and copper, zinc, lead, cadmium and other metals. The sulfide precipitation and lime neutralization methods have been used at present. Those methods have some deficiencies as which produces a lot of hazardous and unwieldy solid wastes, spends huge processing cost, reuse difficultly the water after treatment. In this paper, according to characteristics of this kind of smelting contaminated acid, evaporation condensing process and the feasibility of recycling arsenic, sulfuric acid and valuable metals were studied. Under the condition of atmospheric heating evaporation, this study explored the distribution characteristics of fluorine, chlorine, sulfate radical, arsenic in condensate and in concentrate and the crystallization removal rates of arsenic trioxide in concentrate at different temperatures and different enrichment ratios. The results show arsenic, fluorine and chloride have good removal rates from contaminated acid by evaporation condensing process. Temperature at 130°C, enrichment multiple in 6~7, the removal rate of arsenic, fluorine and chlorine reached 62%, 88%, 77%. The results also show evaporation condensing process has good application prospects to treat smelting contaminated acid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Skwierawska, M., L. Zawartka, A. Skwierawski, and A. Nogalska. " The effect of different sulfur doses and forms on changes of soil heavy metals." Plant, Soil and Environment 58, No. 3 (March 29, 2012): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/638/2011-pse.

Full text

Abstract:

A three-year field experiment was conducted in North-East Poland. Each year three sulfur fertilization rates in the form of sulphate (S-SO42–) and pure (S–S0) sulfur were applied: 40, 80, and 120 kg/ha. After the third year of the study, the application of sulfate and elemental sulfur decreased the zinc content of 0–40 and 40–80 cm soil layers, as compared with soil sampled before the experiment. Over the entire experimental period, sulfur fertilization had no significant effect on changes in the natural copper content of soil at a depth of 0–40 and 40–80 cm. Manganese concentrations remained at a similar level at a soil depth of 0–40 cm. The manganese content of the 40–80 cm soil layer was substantially lower than in the 0–40 cm horizon. An insignificant increase in the lead content of soil was observed. The applied doses of sulfate and elemental sulfur led to an increase in the cadmium content of soil depth of 0–40 cm. Sulfur fertilization contributed to a decrease in the nickel content of soil. The applied doses of sulfate and elemental sulfur exerted a stronger effect in the 0–40 cm soil layer than in the 40–80 cm horizon.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

de Livera, Jennifer, Mike J. McLaughlin, Douglas Beak, Ganga M. Hettiarachchi, and Jason Kirby. "Release of Dissolved Cadmium and Sulfur Nanoparticles from Oxidizing Sulfide Minerals." Soil Science Society of America Journal 75, no. 3 (May 2011): 842–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2010.0019.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Yamaguchi, Chisato, Soudthedlath Khamsalath, Yuki Takimoto, Akiko Suyama, Yuki Mori, Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu, and Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita. "SLIM1 Transcription Factor Promotes Sulfate Uptake and Distribution to Shoot, Along with Phytochelatin Accumulation, Under Cadmium Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plants 9, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9020163.

Full text

Abstract:

Sulfur (S) assimilation, which is initiated by sulfate uptake, generates cysteine, the substrate for glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatin (PC) synthesis. GSH and PC contribute to cadmium (Cd) detoxification by capturing it for sequestration. Although Cd exposure is known to induce the expression of S-assimilating enzyme genes, including sulfate transporters (SULTRs), mechanisms of their transcriptional regulation are not well understood. Transcription factor SLIM1 controls transcriptional changes during S deficiency (−S) in Arabidopsis thaliana. We examined the potential involvement of SLIM1 in inducing the S assimilation pathway and PC accumulation. Cd treatment reduced the shoot fresh weight in the sulfur limitation1 (slim1) mutant but not in the parental line (1;2PGN). Cd-induced increases of sulfate uptake and SULTR1;2 expressions were diminished in the slim1 mutant, suggesting that SLIM1 is involved in inducing sulfate uptake during Cd exposure. The GSH and PC levels were lower in slim1 than in the parental line, indicating that SLIM1 was required for increasing PC during Cd treatment. Hence, SLIM1 indirectly contributes to Cd tolerance of plants by inducing −S responses in the cell caused by depleting the GSH pool, which is consumed by enhanced PC synthesis and sequestration to the vacuole.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Xiaoyang Huang, Xiaoyang Huang, Shuwei Dai Shuwei Dai, Pengfei Xu Pengfei Xu, Yongmei Wang Yongmei Wang, Qing Yang Qing Yang, Yong Zhang Yong Zhang, and and Min Xiao and Min Xiao. "Resonant and nonresonant second-harmonic generation in a single cadmium sulfide nanowire." Chinese Optics Letters 15, no. 6 (2017): 061901–61904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201715.061901.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Ostapyuk, A. Y., and B. V. Gutyj. "Influence of cadmium loading on morphological parameters of blood of the Laying Hens." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 88 (September 8, 2018): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet8808.

Full text

Abstract:

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. The purpose of the work was to investigate the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight on the morphological parameters of blood of the Laying Hens. By the evaluation of the morphological analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of blood, it is possible to deem objectively about the functional state of the hematopoietic system of the body of the bird for cadmium loading. For research were formed three experimental groups: control group and two research groups. The control group chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with combined feed and drank water without cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups added cadmium sulfate for 30 days: the first group – 2 mg/kg body weight of cadmium sulfate, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight of cadmium sulfate. The conditions and microclimate parameters in the room for all keeping chickens groups were similar. Blood from Laying Hens was taken from the subclavian (axillary) vein in the following periods: before taking the drugs and cadmium sulfate, on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. Hematologic studies give an opportunity to study in detail the influence of cadmium on the body of chickens, on the basis of which a more correct development of the scheme of treatment and prevention of cadmium toxicity in poultry is possible. Drinking cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight contributed to a decrease in the number of erythrocytes to 2.69 ± 0.13 and 2.36 ± 0.14 T/l, a hemoglobin level of 86.61 ± 1.11 and 72.17 ± 0.73 g/l and an increase in the number of leukocytes to 34.9 ± 0.60 and 35.8 ± 0.66 g/l. Probable changes in morphological parameters are observed on the 21st day of the experiment in the second experimental group of Laying Hens, which were released cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. The hematocrit value represents the ratio between the formed elements and the blood plasma. After chickens drinking with cadmium sulfate at doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight, the hematocrit value gradually decreased. The hematocrit value was low in the second experimental group on day 21 of the experiment, where, respectively, it was 34.11 ± 0.63%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Monico, Letizia, Laura Cartechini, Francesca Rosi, Annalisa Chieli, Chiara Grazia, Steven De Meyer, Gert Nuyts, et al. "Probing the chemistry of CdS paints in The Scream by in situ noninvasive spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation x-ray techniques." Science Advances 6, no. 20 (May 2020): eaay3514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay3514.

Full text

Abstract:

The degradation of cadmium sulfide (CdS)–based oil paints is a phenomenon potentially threatening the iconic painting The Scream (ca. 1910) by Edvard Munch (Munch Museum, Oslo) that is still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of cadmium sulfate and sulfites as alteration products of the original CdS-based paint and explore the external circumstances and internal factors causing this transformation. Macroscale in situ noninvasive spectroscopy studies of the painting in combination with synchrotron-radiation x-ray microspectroscopy investigations of a microsample and artificially aged mock-ups show that moisture and mobile chlorine compounds are key factors for promoting the oxidation of CdS, while light (photodegradation) plays a less important role. Furthermore, under exposure to humidity, parallel/secondary reactions involving dissolution, migration through the paint, and recrystallization of water-soluble phases of the paint are associated with the formation of cadmium sulfates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Bamberg, K. M., W. T. Winter, and J. P. Nakas. "Removal of lead and cadmium by derivatized polysaccharides from Klebsiella oxytoca." Biofilms 1, no. 1 (January 2004): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479050504001085.

Full text

Abstract:

Extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) from Klebsiella oxytoca was chemically modified to increase net negative charge in order to expand the efficiency of metal binding. Chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) or a complex of dimethylformamide and sulfur trioxide (DMF–SO3) was used to introduce sulfate substituents onto the native polymer. Additionally, sequential treatment with divinylsulfone (DVS) and glycine or DVS and iminodiacetic acid (IDA) was used to introduce carboxyl residues. Native EPS exhibited a molecular mass distribution of 1500–1700 kDa and removed 38% and 19%, respectively, of lead and cadmium ions. Modification with CSA resulted in a reduction of molecular mass to 450–600 kDa and a removal from solution of lead and cadmium of 75% and 66%, respectively. Modification of EPS with the DMF–SO3 complex, while it did not affect the molecular mass of the polymer, resulted in decreased levels of lead and cadmium removal. Covalent substitution of EPS with DVS–glycine resulted in an increase of molecular mass to 3000 kDa and lead and cadmium removals of 46% and 47%, respectively. Modification of EPS with DVS–IDA increased molecular mass to 2200 kDa and demonstrated lead and cadmium removals of 57% each. Immobilization of native EPS and of the CSA and DVS–IDA modifications to oxirane–acrylic beads resulted in significant increases in metal binding per gram of bound polymer. This suggests a method for metal ion recovery using chelate desorption.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Gutyj, B., A. Ostapiuk, N. Kachmar, O. Stadnytska, O. Sobolev, V. Binkevych, N. V. Lutytska, et al. "The effect of cadmium loading on protein synthesis function and functional state of laying hens’ liver." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 3 (October 26, 2019): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_82.

Full text

Abstract:

In the article are considered issues related to the study of the effect of cadmium on the body of birds, in particular laying hens. The effect of cadmium sulfate at doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg body weight on protein synthesis function and functional state of the liver were investigated of cross-laying Hysex white hens, of 78 weeks old. Three groups of chickens were formed: two experimental and one control groups. The laying hens of the experimental groups were subjected to a cadmium load. Laying chickens of the first experimental group were given cadmium sulfate at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg body weight. Laying chickens of the second experimental group were given cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4.0 mg/kg body weight. Laying chickens in the control group were in the normal diet without cadmium. Increased activity of aminotransferases, in particular alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in their serum of hens, was observed during cadmium binge drinking in doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg body weight, respectively. These changes indicate a violation of the functional state of the liver of laying hens under conditions of cadmium load. In the study of protein synthesis of the liver of laying hens under conditions of cadmium loading, it was found that cadmium sulfate in the above doses contributed to a significant decrease in the level of total protein by 14, 21 and 30 days of the experiment. The reduction of total protein in the blood of laying hens was due to a decrease in the level of albumin, which in the second experimental group, respectively, decreased to 28.16 ± 0.75%, whereas in the first – 29.62 ± 0.98%. In the study of the level of globulins, it is possible to increase this indicator in both experimental groups of poultry for 21 days. Drinking with water cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4.0 mg/kg body weight was associated with a more likely decrease in total protein and albumin than drinking cadmium sulfate at a lower dose.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Shi, Wenguang, Wenzhe Liu, Chaofeng Ma, Yuhong Zhang, Shen Ding, Wenjian Yu, Shurong Deng, Jing Zhou, Hong Li, and Zhi-Bin Luo. "Dissecting MicroRNA–mRNA Regulatory Networks Underlying Sulfur Assimilation and Cadmium Accumulation in Poplar Leaves." Plant and Cell Physiology 61, no. 9 (July 17, 2020): 1614–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaa084.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The process of cadmium (Cd) accumulation and detoxification under different sulfur levels remains largely unknown in woody plants. To investigate the physiological and transcriptomic regulation mechanisms of poplars in response to different sulfate (S) supply levels and Cd exposure, we exposed Populus deltoides saplings to one of the low, moderate and high S levels together with either 0 or 50 µM Cd. Cd accumulation was decreased in low S-treated poplar leaves, and it tended to be increased in high S-supplied leaves under the Cd exposure condition. Sulfur nutrition was deficient in low S-supplied poplars, and it was improved in high S-treated leaves. Cd exposure resulted in lower sulfur level in the leaves supplied with moderate S, it exacerbated a Cd-induced sulfur decrease in low S-treated leaves and it caused a higher sulfur concentration in high S-supplied leaves. In line with the physiological changes, a number of mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in Cd accumulation and sulfur assimilation were identified and the miRNA–mRNA networks were dissected. In the networks, miR395 and miR399 members were identified as hub miRNAs and their targets were ATP sulfurylase 3 (ATPS3) and phosphate 2 (PHO2), respectively. These results suggest that Cd accumulation and sulfur assimilation are constrained by low and enhanced by high S supply, and Cd toxicity is aggravated by low and relieved by high S in poplar leaves, and that miRNA–mRNA regulatory networks play pivotal roles in sulfur-mediated Cd accumulation and detoxification in Cd-exposed poplars.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Mir, Iqbal R., Bilal A. Rather, Asim Masood, Arif Majid, Zebus Sehar, Naser A. Anjum, Adriano Sofo, Ilaria D’Ippolito, and Nafees A. Khan. "Soil Sulfur Sources Differentially Enhance Cadmium Tolerance in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)." Soil Systems 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems5020029.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of four soil-applied sulfur (100 mg S kg−1 soil (100S) and 200 mg S kg−1 soil (200S)) in different sources (elemental S, ammonium sulfate, gypsum or magnesium sulfate) in protecting mustard (Brassica juncea L. (Czern & Coss.)) from cadmium effects was studied. Based on the observed reduction in growth and photosynthesis in plants subjected to 100 and 200 mg Cd kg−1 soil, B. juncea cv. Giriraj was selected as the most Cd-tolerant among five cultivars (namely, Giriraj, RH-0749, Pusa Agrani, RH-406, and Pusa Tarak). Sulfur applied to soil mitigated the negative impact of Cd on sulfur assimilation, cell viability, and photosynthetic functions, with a lower lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS: hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, and superoxide anion, O2•−). Generally, added S caused higher activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase), contents of ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH); increases in the activities of their regenerating enzymes (dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase); as well as rises in S assimilation, biosynthesis of non-protein thiols (NPTs), and phytochelatins (PCs). Compared to the other S-sources tested, elemental S more prominently protected B. juncea cv. Giriraj against Cd-impacts by minimizing Cd-accumulation and its root-to-shoot translocation; decreasing cellular ROS and membrane damage, and improving Cd-chelation (NPTs and PCs), so strengthening the defense machinery against Cd. The results suggest the use of elemental S for favoring the growth and development of cultivated plants also in Cd-contaminated agricultural soils.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Nishimura, Jiro. "Influence of Thermally Created Sulfur Vacancies on Sublimation of Cadmium Sulfide Crystals." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 30, Part 1, No. 3 (March 15, 1991): 537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.30.537.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Myung, Noseung, Sunyoung Ham, Byunghyun Choi, Norma R. de Tacconi, and Krishnan Rajeshwar. "Electrosynthesis of cadmium sulfide on sulfur- or thiol-modified polycrystalline gold electrodes." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 574, no. 2 (January 2005): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.08.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lee, H. L., A. M. Issam, M. Belmahi, M. B. Assouar, H. Rinnert, and M. Alnot. "Synthesis and Characterizations of Bare CdS Nanocrystals Using Chemical Precipitation Method for Photoluminescence Application." Journal of Nanomaterials 2009 (2009): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/914501.

Full text

Abstract:

Bare cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocrystals were successfully synthesized by the thermolysis of a single-source organometallic precursor, cadmium chloride hemipentahydrate (CdCl2⋅2.5H2O) with thiourea in ethanol. The microstructure of the CdS samples was characterized using XRD, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD's results showed that there was a transformation from cubic to hexagonal crystalline phase when higher mass ofCdCl2⋅2.5H2Owas used. Further experimental with differentCd2+source showed ionCl−originated fromCdCl2⋅2.5H2Oattributed to this crystalline phase transformation. The UV-Visible analysis indicated that quantum confinement effect took place when compared to the bulk CdS. However, the photoluminescence experiments revealed that the red-light emission was observed in all samples. This finding could be ascribed to deep trap defects that were due to sulfur vacancies as suggested by XPS and also the fact that the bare CdS nanoparticles are in contact with each other as shown in the TEM images.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Seoane, A. I., A. M. Güerci, and F. N. Dulout. "Mechanisms involved in the induction of aneuploidy: the significance of chromosome loss." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 4 (December 2000): 1077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000400054.

Full text

Abstract:

The induction of aneuploidy by physical and chemical agents using different test systems was evaluated. The effect of X-rays, caffeine, acetaldehyde, ethanol, diethylstilbestrol, propionaldehyde, and chloral hydrate was studied by chromosome counting in Chinese hamster embryonic diploid cells. Aneugenic ability of cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate, potassium dichromate, chromium chloride, nickel chloride, and nickel sulfate was assessed by means of anaphase-telophase analysis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Chromosome counting in human fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line) was employed to evaluate the effect of cacodilic acid, cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate, and potassium dichromate. Finally, the induction of kinetochore-positive and kinetochore negative micronuclei by cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate, potassium dichromate, chromium chloride, and nickel chloride was studied using CREST antibodies. When the effect of different agents was determined by chromosome counting, an increase of hypoploid but not of hyperploid cells was observed. Anaphase-telophase analysis showed that metal salts increased the frequency of lagging chromosomes. This finding has been confirmed by the increment of kinetochore-positive micronuclei using CREST antibodies. Therefore, chromosome loss could be considered as the main cause of induced aneuploidy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Guo, Yiqiao, Yinan Zhang, Wenping Jian, Yanhua Yang, Yuhan Zhang, Haoyuan Tan, and Dong Jiang. "Preparation and performance of cadmium sulfide/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite materials." High Performance Polymers 32, no. 7 (February 13, 2020): 849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008320903796.

Full text

Abstract:

We report a kind of cadmium sulfide (CdS)/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) composite via in situ for the first time. It is a new type of nanocomposite possessing outstanding fluorescence property and thermostability. The SPEEK has the sulfonic radical side group and the degree of the sulfonation is 0.88. With the SPEEK dissolving in the N, N-dimethylformamide, cadmium acetate dihydrate (cadmium (Cd) source) was added to make the precursor for the reaction and then the thiourea (sulfur (S) source) was injected. We also investigated the effects of reaction time, the ratio of Cd/S, and the ratio of Cd/–SO3H. The ultraviolet–visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the property of the nanocomposite. The high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) was used to characterize the morphological of the composite. As the reaction time increases, the photoluminescence intensity declined and the fluorescence peak redshifted. When the reaction time was 1 min, the ratio of Cd/S was 1:2 and the ratio of Cd/–SO3H was 1:5, and the fluorescence properties of the nanocomposites were the best.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Kumaravel, Vignesh, Muhammad Imam, Ahmed Badreldin, Rama Chava, Jeong Do, Misook Kang, and Ahmed Abdel-Wahab. "Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production: Role of Sacrificial Reagents on the Activity of Oxide, Carbon, and Sulfide Catalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 3 (March 18, 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9030276.

Full text

Abstract:

Photocatalytic water splitting is a sustainable technology for the production of clean fuel in terms of hydrogen (H2). In the present study, hydrogen (H2) production efficiency of three promising photocatalysts (titania (TiO2-P25), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and cadmium sulfide (CdS)) was evaluated in detail using various sacrificial agents. The effect of most commonly used sacrificial agents in the recent years, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, lactic acid, glucose, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide/sodium sulfite mixture, and triethanolamine, were evaluated on TiO2-P25, g-C3N4, and CdS. H2 production experiments were carried out under simulated solar light irradiation in an immersion type photo-reactor. All the experiments were performed without any noble metal co-catalyst. Moreover, photolysis experiments were executed to study the H2 generation in the absence of a catalyst. The results were discussed specifically in terms of chemical reactions, pH of the reaction medium, hydroxyl groups, alpha hydrogen, and carbon chain length of sacrificial agents. The results revealed that glucose and glycerol are the most suitable sacrificial agents for an oxide photocatalyst. Triethanolamine is the ideal sacrificial agent for carbon and sulfide photocatalyst. A remarkable amount of H2 was produced from the photolysis of sodium sulfide and sodium sulfide/sodium sulfite mixture without any photocatalyst. The findings of this study would be highly beneficial for the selection of sacrificial agents for a particular photocatalyst.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Maksimov, Anatolii G., Arsenii D. Zavalishin, Maxim V. Abramov, and Alexander L. Tulupyev. "Chemoinformatics: Applications of Computer Science in the Analysis of Chemical Structures (on the Example of Cadmium Sulfide)." Computer tools in education, no. 4 (December 28, 2019): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2071-2340-2019-4-44-54.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is aimed at demonstrating the practical application of graph theory as a subsection of the theoretical foundations of computer science in solving one of the interdisciplinary problems — describing the structure of the cadmium sulfide molecule using methods and indices of chemoinformatics. The article presents the results of calculations of the atom-bond connectivity index (ABC), of the geometric and arithmetic index GA, of the generalized Randic index, GA5 and ABC4, of the Zagreb indices for the chemical graph of cadmium sulfide (CdS). Topological indices for cadmium sulfide are considered for the first time, although the task of calculating these indices is not new in itself. The relevance of the results is emphasized by the fact that cadmium sulfide is widely used in various fields, such as optoelectronics, photodetectors, photoresistors, etc.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Tojo, Fumiya, Manabu Ishizaki, Shigeru Kubota, Masato Kurihara, Fumihiko Hirose, and Bashir Ahmmad. "Histidine Decorated Nanoparticles of CdS for Highly Efficient H2 Production via Water Splitting." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 3738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143738.

Full text

Abstract:

Pure cadmium sulfide and histidine decorated cadmium sulfide nanocomposites are prepared by the hydrothermal or solvothermal method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that the particle sizes of pure cadmium sulfide (pu/CdS) and histidine decorated cadmium sulfide prepared by the hydrothermal method (hi/CdS) range from 0.75 to 3.0 μm. However, when a solvothermal method is used, the particle size of histidine decorated cadmium sulfide (so/CdS) ranges from 50 to 300 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that all samples (pu/CdS, hi/CdS and so/CdS) have a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure but so/CdS has a poor crystallinity compared to the others. The as-prepared samples are applied to photocatalytic hydrogen production via water splitting and the results show that the highest H2 evolution rate for pu/CdS and hi/CdS are 1250 and 1950 μmol·g−1·h−1, respectively. On the other hand, the so/CdS sample has a rate of 6020 μmol·g−1·h−1, which is about five times higher than that of the pu/CdS sample. The increased specific surface area of so/CdS nanoparticles and effective charge separation by histidine molecules are attributed to the improved H2 evolution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Venkat Kumar S, Sowmya B, Geetha R, Karpagambigai S, Jacquline Rosy P, Rajeshkumar S, and Lakshmi T. "Preparation of yeast mediated semiconductor nanoparticles by Candida albicans and its bactericidal potential against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i2.262.

Full text

Abstract:

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using microorganism is widely used in biological applications due to its eco-friendly nature and lower cost. The present study aimed to investigate the yeast, Candida albicans for the synthesis of nano cadmium sulfide is a semiconductor nanoparticle. The yeast synthesized nanoparticles tested for its spectroscopic and microscopic characters. The peak at 420 nm identified by UV-Vis spectrophotometer confirms the Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles synthesis preliminarily. Further, the nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction assay, scanning electron microscope, and elemental dispersive analysis. Finally, the synthesized Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles were tested for its antibacterial activity against disease-causing pathogens such as Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. The maximum zone of inhibition shows 15mm at the concentration of 100µl of CdS nanoparticle. Thus a promising antibacterial activity of yeast mediated synthesized Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles was described.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Mondon, François. "Electrochemical Deposition of Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films from Organic Solution: I . Sulfur Reduction and Cadmium‐Polysulfide Complex Formation." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 132, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2113830.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Adhikari, Sinchan, Supriya Ghosh, Ikbal Azahar, Ayan Adhikari, Arun K. Shaw, Saptarshi Konar, Sankhajit Roy, and Zahed Hossain. "Sulfate improves cadmium tolerance by limiting cadmium accumulation, modulation of sulfur metabolism and antioxidant defense system in maize." Environmental and Experimental Botany 153 (September 2018): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.05.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Anna, Vhadgal Gorakh. "Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Slim Film Grown by CBD Method." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 7 (July 21, 2020): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jul147.

Full text

Abstract:

Substance shower testimony strategy have been utilized to store Cadmium sulfide dainty film. The affect of the appropriate response temperature and PH is explored on this work. The introduction of CdS dainty film Cadmium Sulfate, Anomia, Thiourea and Double refined water is utilized as wellspring of material . Examining Electron microscopy (SEM ) is utilized for morphological attributes of CdS slender film. UV spectroscopy have been utilized for optical living arrangements of the CdS slender film .The band hole of CdS dainty film by methods for UV spectroscopy changed into 2.42 eV . The X-R diffraction investigation is affirmed that the CdS meager film were polycrystline with hexagonal shape the ideal direction of CdS slender film had been(002) and crystalline size 50nM .It changed into chose from the broadenings of corrousponding X-Ray diffraction tops by means of the utilization of Debye scherrer recipe.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Huang, Lijuan, Hans Chr Bruun Hansen, Huihui Wang, Jing Mu, Zijian Xie, Lifang Zheng, and Zhengyi Hu. "Effects of sulfate on cadmium uptake in wheat grown in paddy soil – pot experiment." Plant, Soil and Environment 65, No. 12 (December 19, 2019): 602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/558/2019-pse.

Full text

Abstract:

Rice-wheat rotation is common in China. Cadmium (Cd) and sulfur (S) are added to rice fields through various activities. The sulfur amendment has been recommended to control the uptake of Cd in rice. However, the effect of S on Cd uptake in winter wheat cultivated in paddy soil is rarely reported. A greenhouse pot experiment including two Cd levels (0, 10 mg Cd/kg, as CdCl2) combined with three S rates (0, 30, 60 mg S/kg, as Na2SO4) was performed to investigate the effect of S application on uptake and allocation of Cd in wheat cultivated in paddy soil. Cadmium concentrations in wheat grain significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 37% at 30 mg S/kg, and the percentage of Cd allocation to grain significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 7% at 60 mg S/kg compared with non-S addition treatment when wheat was grown in Cd-added soil. For the low Cd soil, a similar trend was seen, but Cd increases were insignificant for grain while significant (P < 0.05) for root at 60 mg S/kg. In conclusion, S fertiliser may promote Cd accumulation in wheat grain and should be considered when it is used for wheat in paddy soils.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Seifelnassr, Ahmed A. S., and Abdel-Zaher M. Abouzeid. "Exploitation of Bacterial Activities in Mineral Industry and Environmental Preservation: An Overview." Journal of Mining 2013 (December 29, 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/507168.

Full text

Abstract:

Since the identification and characterization of iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria in the 1940s, a rapid progress is being made in minerals engineering based on biological activities. Microorganisms can play a beneficial role in all facets of minerals processing, from mining to waste disposal and management. Some of the applications, such as biologically assisted leaching of copper sulfide ores, uranium ores, and biooxidation of refractory sulfide gold ores, are now established on the scale of commercial processes. A variety of other bioleaching opportunities exist for nickel, cobalt, cadmium, and zinc sulfide leaching. Recently, other uses of microorganisms are potentially possible. These include the bioleaching of nonsulfide ores, bioflotation, and bioflocculation of minerals, and bioremediation of toxic chemicals discharged from mineral engineering operations. These activities acquire considerable opportunities for further research and development in these areas. This paper is an attempt to provide a critical summary on the most important efforts in the area of bacterial activities in the mineral and mining industry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ostapyuk, A. Y., and B. V. Gutyj. "Influence of cadmium sulfate at different doses on the functional state of the liver of laying chicken." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 94 (July 30, 2019): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9419.

Full text

Abstract:

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. Absorbed cadmium accumulates in the liver as a complex with metallothionein. The purpose of the work was to find out the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg / kg of body weight on the functional state of the liver of chicken. For research, three groups of birds were formed: control and two experimental. The control group of chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with forage and were given water without introducing cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups for 30 days, added cadmium sulfate in doses: the first group – 2 mg/kg, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight. The conditions for keeping chickens and the microclimate parameters in the room for all bird groups were similar. Blood from the chickens was taken from the subclavian vein in periods: before the dasg was given and on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. It was determined that the presentation of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight of cows, which contributed to a violation of the functional state of the liver, as evidenced by the increased activity of aminotransferases in their blood serum. The activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase was higher in serum of blood of chickens in the second experimental group at 21st and 30th days of the experiment. The high activity of aminotransferases in the blood serum of chickens for cadmium loading indicates destructive processes in the liver that cause an increase in the release of aminotransaminases from cellular organelles in the blood of experimental poultry. Thus, the obtained results indicate an increase in destructive processes in the body of chickens for cadmium loading.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Tang, Jia Xi, Li Na Sun, Tie Heng Sun, and Hong Ling Zhang. "Research on the Arsenic and Cadmium-Fixing Effects of Ameliorant in Combined Contamination Soils." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2770–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2770.

Full text

Abstract:

This article studied the effects of chemical fixation with magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, ferrous sulfate+calcium oxide in situ on Arsenic and Cadmium combined contamination soils. The results indicate: Four agents have well fixation effects, and the fixation effect of ferrous sulfate and calcium oxide mix- restoration is the best. However, it increases the leaching toxicity of Cadmium; Aluminum oxide also has a certain fixation effect on Arsenic, but it strengthens the leaching toxicity of Cadmium in acidity condition; the fixation in situ effects of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide on Arsenic and Cadmium combined contamination soils, which dramatically decreases the leaching toxicity of Arsenic and Cadmium and makes two pollution elements co-stabilized.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

López, Israel, and Idalia Gómez. "Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles: Effect of Hydroxide Ion Concentration." MRS Proceedings 1617 (2013): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.1178.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTCadmium sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized by a microwave-assisted route in aqueous dispersion. The cadmium sulfide nanoparticles showed an average diameter around 5 nm and a cubic phase corresponding to hawleyite. The aqueous dispersions of the nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, luminescence analysis, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The addition of sodium hydroxide solutions at different concentrations causes a red-shift in the wavelength of the first excitonic absorption peak of the cadmium sulfide nanoparticles, indicating a reduction of the band gap energy. Besides, the intensity of the luminescence of the nanoparticle dispersions was increased. However, there is a threshold concentration of the hydroxide ion above which the precipitation of the cadmium sulfide nanoparticles occurs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Cadmium sulfure'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles