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Journal articles on the topic 'Caecium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Egger, Christina, Timea P. Neusser, Jon Norenburg, Francesca Leasi, Barbara Buge, Angelo Vannozzi, Regina L. Cunha, Cymon J. Cox, and Katharina M. Jörger. "Uncovering the shell game with barcodes: diversity of meiofaunal Caecidae snails (Truncatelloidea, Caenogastropoda) from Central America." ZooKeys 968 (September 16, 2020): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.

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Caecidae is a species-rich family of microsnails with a worldwide distribution. Typical for many groups of gastropods, caecid taxonomy is largely based on overt shell characters. However, identification of species using shell characteristics is problematic due to their rather uniform, tubular shells, the presence of different growth stages, and a high degree of intraspecific variability. In the present study, a first integrative approach to caecid taxonomy is provided using light-microscopic investigation with microsculptural analyses and multi-marker barcoding, in conjunction with molecular species delineation analyses (ABGD, haplotype networks, GMYC, and bPTP). In total 132 specimens of Caecum and Meioceras collected during several sampling trips to Central America were analyzed and delineated into a minimum of 19 species to discuss putative synonyms, and supplement the original descriptions. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest Meioceras nitidum and M. cubitatum should be reclassified as Caecum, and the genus Meioceras might present a junior synonym of Caecum. Meiofaunal caecids morphologically resembling C. glabrum from the Northeast Atlantic are a complex of cryptic species with independent evolutionary origins, likely associated with multiple habitat shifts to the mesopsammic environment. Caecum invisibile Egger & Jörger, sp. nov. is formally described based on molecular diagnostic characters. This first integrative approach towards the taxonomy of Caecidae increases the known diversity, reveals the need for a reclassification of the genus Caecum and serves as a starting point for a barcoding library of the family, thereby enabling further reliable identifications of these taxonomically challenging microsnails in future studies.

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2

Radha, Manoj Kumar, Sunil Puri, Ashok Pundir, Sneh Punia Bangar, Sushil Changan, Poonam Choudhary, et al. "Evaluation of Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Mineral Composition of Selected Medicinal Plants for Therapeutic Uses from Cold Desert of Western Himalaya." Plants 10, no. 7 (July 13, 2021): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071429.

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The aim of this study was to determine the elemental and nutritive values of leaf parts of 10 selected wild medicinal plants, Acer pictum, Acer caecium, Betula utilis, Oxalis corniculata, Euphorbia pilosa, Heracleum lanatum, Urtica dioica, Berberis lycium, Berberis asiaticaand, and Quercus ilex, collected from the high hills of the Chitkul range in district Kinnaur, Western Himalaya. The nutritional characteristics of medicinal plant species were analyzed by using muffle furnace and micro-Kjeldahl methods, and the mineral content in plants was analyzed through atomic absorption spectrometry. The highest percentage of used value was reported in Betula utilis (0.42) and the lowest in Quercus ilex (0.17). In this study, it was found that new generations are not much interested in traditional knowledge of ethnomedicinal plants due to modernization in society. Therefore, there is an urgent need to document ethnomedicinal plants along with their phytochemical and minerals analysis in study sites. It was found that rural people in western Himalaya are dependent on wild medicinal plants, and certain steps must be taken to conserve these plants from extinction in the cold desert of Himalayan region. They are an alternative source of medicine because they contain saponin, alkaloid, and flavonoid etc. as well as minerals. The leaves used for analysis possesses good mineral content, such as Na, N, K, P, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ca, Mg, and S. Hence, in the current study it was observed that medicinal plants are not only used for therapeutic purposes, but they can also be used as nutritional supplements.

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3

Thomas-Gibson, Siwan. "The caecum or not the caecum?" European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 20, no. 6 (June 2008): 500–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/meg.0b013e3282f519a2.

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4

TUNIO, MUTAHIR ALI, MANSOOR RAFI, and ALTAF HUSSAIN HASHMI. "CARCINOMA CAECUM." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 01 (March 10, 2011): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.01.1886.

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Most of patients with colorectal carcinoma end up with colostomies and ileostomies. Different complications are described pertinent to ileostomies. We are presenting a very rare presentation of ileostomy, the metastasis from mucinous adenocarcinoma of caecum, without ileostomy dysfunction, local bleeding as presenting complaint along with a ileostomy growth.

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5

RAINES, BRET K. "A Rosetta Stone for eastern Pacific Caecidae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda)." Zootaxa 4827, no. 1 (August 11, 2020): 1–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4827.1.1.

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Nearly one hundred names have been proposed for Caecidae within the eastern Pacific. For the first time a comprehensive review of the extant members of Caecidae has been completed for this region. During this twelve year long deciphering effort, tens of thousands of specimens from Alaska to Chile were examined. All known type material was studied and whenever possible has been illustrated herein. Whenever possible the descriptions include details of each growth stage from the protoconch through to the final adult stage. Then, the growth stages have been reconstructed to show what the caecid might have looked like, if it had not discarded its previous stages. In doing so, a better understanding of the growth morphology is provided for each species. In addition, this effort shows that not only the apertures of late subadult stages can appear different from their adult stage, but there can also be multiple differences in the varices. The resulting product is a taxonomic resource for Caecidae identification and growth morphology. Forty-three species are treated herein. Neotypes have been designated for Caecum glabriforme, C. semilaeve and C. subaustrale, and a lectotype has been designated for C. mirificum. Five species are described as new to science, plus one replacement name: Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov., C. draperi sp. nov., C. shaskyi sp. nov., C. galapagoense sp. nov. and C. spiculum sp. nov. and C. adamsi nom. nov.

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6

VINCENT, PJ, and SALIL SINGH. "ENTEROLITHS IN CAECUM." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 54, no. 3 (July 1998): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30559-2.

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7

Atta, Jabeen, Abdul Ghafoor Dalwani, Zubair Ahmed Yousfani, M. Siddique Khurram, Roohi Bano, Jamrose Durrani, and Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah. "CARCINOMA OF CAECUM;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 01 (January 18, 2017): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.01.408.

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Objectives: To determine the frequency, clinical presentation and managementstrategies for carcinoma of caecum among pathologies in right iliac fossa excludinggynaecological disorders at Liaquat university hospital Hyderabad / Jamshoro. Study Design:Cross sectional multi-disciplinary study. Period: Thirty months. Setting: Liaquat UniversityHospital Hyderabad / Jamshoro. Patients and Methods: All the patients presented with GIsymptoms, intestinal obstruction, and appendicitis or had mass in the right iliac fossa wereselected and recruited and further evaluated for existence of carcinoma of caecum andpreceded for management strategies. The data was analyzed in SPSS 16 and the frequencyand percentage was calculated and the level of significance was p-value ≤0.05. Results: Total50 patients were diagnosed as caecum cancer during thirty months study period. The cancerof caecum was common in older age group. The mean age ± SD for whole population andmale as well as female gender was 67.53±6.98, 66.32±8.75 and 65.34±5.96 and of fifty cases,thirty two (64%) were males and eighteen (36%) were females respectively. The commonpresentation identified was mass in right iliac fossa in 28 patients (p=0.03) while the commonoperative procedure performed was ileotransverse anastomosis with right hemicolectomy in 34patients which is non-significant in relation to age (p=0.7) whereas it was significant in contextto gender (p=0.04) respectively. Conclusion: The common presentations for carcinoma ofcaecum detected was right iliac fossa mass while the predominant age, gender and operativeprocedure performed were seventy plus years, male gender population and Ileotransverseanastamosis with right hemicolectomy.

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8

Ren, Hao, Wilfried Vahjen, Temesgen Dadi, Eva-Maria Saliu, Farshad Goodarzi Boroojeni, and Jürgen Zentek. "Synergistic Effects of Probiotics and Phytobiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota in Young Broiler Chicken." Microorganisms 7, no. 12 (December 11, 2019): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7120684.

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Probiotics and phytobiotics have been studied as in-feed antibiotic alternatives for decades, yet there are no studies on their possible symbiotic effects. In the present study, newly hatched chickens were fed with feeds supplemented either with host-specific Lactobacillus strains (L. agilis and L. salivarius), commercial phytobiotics, or combinations of both. After 13 days of life, crops and caecums were analyzed for bacterial composition (16S rDNA sequencing, qPCR) and activity (bacterial metabolites). Crop and caecum samples were also used to study the ex vivo survival of a broiler-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli strain. In the crop, combinations of probiotics and phytobiotics, but not their single application, increased the dominance of lactobacilli. The single application of phytobiotics reduced the metabolite concentrations in the crop, but certain combinations synergistically upregulated the metabolites. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the caecal microbiota were less pronounced than in the crop. Acetate concentrations were significantly lower for phytobiotics or the L. agilis probiotic strain compared to the control group, but the L. salivarius probiotic showed significantly higher acetate concentrations alone or in combination with one phytobiotic. The synergistic effects on the reduction of the ex vivo survival of an ESBL producing E. coli strain in crop or caecum contents were also observed for most combinations. This study shows the beneficial synergistic effects of probiotics and phytobiotics on the intestinal bacterial composition and their metabolic activity in young broilers. The reduced survival of potentially problematic bacteria, such as ESBL-producing E. coli further indicates that combinations of probiotics and phytobiotics may lead to a more enhanced functionality than their individual supplementation.

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9

Liu, B. Y., Z. Y. Wang, H. R. Wang, P. Hu, D. Xu, and Q. Wang. "Molecular profiling of bacterial species in the geese cecum." Czech Journal of Animal Science 56, No. 4 (April 5, 2011): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1433-cjas.

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The purpose of this study was to analyse the microbial diversity in the caecum of geese using a 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) clone library approach. A total of 160 clones and 124 clones were sequenced and phylogenetically analysed from the contents and mucosa of the caecum of Yang Zhou geese, respectively. The result indicated that there was a rich variety of bacteria in the caecum contents. Forty-six operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on a 98% similarity criterion were classified in the contents of goose caecum, as compared to 29 OTUs based on a 97% similarity criterion in the mucosa of goose caecum. The sequences were assigned to 7 and 5 groups in the contents and mucosa of goose caecum, respectively. Contents of goose caecum were dominantly occupied by Clostridia-related species (58.7%) with other abundant sequences being related to Bacteroidetes (26.9%) and Erysipelotrichi (11.2%). Gammaproteobacteria (59.6%) and Clostridia (20.1%) were predominant in the mucosa of goose caecum.

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10

Schmidt-Lauber, M. "Optimale Reinigung des Caecum." coloproctology 35, no. 6 (October 25, 2013): 395–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00053-013-0397-6.

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11

Naik, Shilpa, and Sangeeta M. "ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF CAECUM AND APPENDIX: A CADAVERIC STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 3.1 (July 31, 2017): 4036–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.177.

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12

Uysal, Murat, Serdar Savaş Gül, Serhat Karaman, Ufuk Tas, Hilal Irmak Sapmaz, Funda Uysal, Kursad Aytekin, and Mehmet Kemal Tümer. "Caecum location in laboratory rats and mice: an anatomical and radiological study." Laboratory Animals 51, no. 3 (July 4, 2016): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677216658916.

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Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection is the most frequently used method for implementing parenteral therapies in rats and mice. Whether the caecum is located in the right caudal quadrant or left caudal quadrant in the abdominal cavity is not clear. For that reason, we have developed a method for identifying the location of the caecum in rats and mice and thus revealed the most reliable location for i.p. injection in these animals. Two hundred Wistar albino rats and 100 BALB/c mice were used. The location of the caecum was determined by revealing the intra-abdominal organs immediately following euthanasia, photographing the organs, and archiving the images. Both digital photographic images and computed tomographic (CT) sections were analysed in terms of caecum morphology and location. In both rats and mice, the caecum was most commonly located on the animal’s left side. It was less frequently located on the right side or in the centre. The caecum was typically comma-shaped, but it was round or S-shaped in some animals. The direction of rotation of the caecum from the basis to the apex was mostly counterclockwise. Additionally, the apex showed a tendency to be evenly centred. This study demonstrated that the caecum was mostly located on the animal’s left side; and for that reason, the most suitable location for i.p. injection in these animals was understood to be the right caudal quadrant. Furthermore, when we compared the CT images and autopsy findings, the caecum did not change location in the abdominal cavity postmortem.

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13

K. C., Naren Karthik, Dhinesh Kumar N., Boopathi Subbarayan, and Tirou Aroul T. "Acute appendicitis in mobile ceacum: a diagnostic dilemma: a case report." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 4225. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20205388.

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Acute appendicitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, physical examination and results of laboratory tests. The position of the appendix can vary considerably, both in relation to the caecum and because of the inconsistent position of the caecum itself. Acute appendicitis in a mobile caecum can pose a diagnostic dilemma which can lead to delay in appropriate treatment. In this case report, we present a 21 year old male with acute appendicitis and surgically proven to be acute appendicitis in a mobile caecum.

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14

Banerjee, Arindom, I. Anil Kumar, Arunabha Tapadar, and M. Pranay. "Morphological Variations in the Anatomy of Caecum and Appendix - A Cadaveric Study." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 01, no. 01 (January 2012): 030–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401654.

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Abstract Background : Appendicitis is one of the most common clinical conditions that require emergency surgery. Variations in anatomical location of appendix can result in different clinical presentations. Anatomical and topographical variations of the caecum are also known to occur. Anatomical variations in caecum have been observed along with the appendix in this study. Aims: To study the variations in the size, shape, position and arterial supply of the caecum and appendix in individuals of different sex and age, a thorough knowledge of which will aid surgeons in performing various abdominal operations in adults and children. Material and methods: The study was carried out on 25 adult cadavers over a period of 3 years. The anatomy of caecum and appendix was studied in detail. Results : The normal position of caecum and appendix in adult cadavers was found to be in the right iliac fossa. In all specimens the shape of caecum was adult (ampullary) type and it was supplied normally in all cases from a branch of the superior mesenteric artery. The appendix was found in the retro-caecal position in majority of cases with a complete meso-appendix in four and an additional blood supply via the artery of Sesachalam was found in two cases. Conclusions: Vermiform appendix is characterized by variability of its location and morphology. The ultimate position of the appendix is influenced by the changes in position and shape which the caecum undergoes during development and growth. The present study observed the appendix and caecum to be found in their normal positions in majority of cases. The average length of caecum and appendix was found to be more in males as compared with females. Appendicitis is one of the most common diseases that need emergency surgery. Variations in anatomical position cause different clinical presentations. A thorough knowledge of normal anatomy and variations of the caecum and appendix is very important to the surgeon performing abdominal operations in adults, children and infants as it helps them to make optimal diagnosis of various pathological conditions related to these organs and treat accordingly.

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15

Yıldırım, Arda, Yüksel Aksoy, Nuh Ocak, and Zafer Ulutaş. "Some Gastrointestinal Tract Characteristics of Karayaka Ram Lambs Slaughtered at Different Weights." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/379023.

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Thirty-one Karayaka ram lambs were slaughtered at different body weights (30n=7, 35n=6, 40n=7, 45n=6, and 50n=5 kg of body weight at fast) to evaluate the growth of their gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characteristics, to determine the relationship among slaughter body weight (SBW) and empty body weight (EBW), whole GIT and segments, and the influence of slaughter weight on the pH of rumen, jejunum, and cecal contents. The effects of the SBW on GIT weightP<0.05, stomachP<0.001, and intestineP<0.05, the body lengthP<0.001and caecumP<0.05, and the relative weights of GITP<0.05, stomachP<0.001, and intestineP<0.001were linear whereas that for the length of intestine were quadratic. The effect of SBW were quadraticP<0.05on ratios of stomach to GIT weight and intestine length to intestine weight and rumen pH while, for the intestine to GIT weight ratioP<0.001and caecum pHP<0.05, this effect was linear. The results indicated that for all parameters studied, with the exception of intestinal length and cecal pH, linear relationships were observed with SBW indicating steady growth rates for these tissues.

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16

CHENDE, Adriana, Cristian MARTONOS, Adrian Florin GAL, Vasile RUS, Viorel MICLĂUȘ, Dalma PIVARIU, Ion VLASIUC, Sanda ANDREI, and Aurel DAMIAN. "Anatomical, Histological and Histochemical Features of the Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) Caecum." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 78, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2020.0015.

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In this study, the caecum of five guinea pigs was anatomically, histologically, and histochemically analyzed. From an anatomical point of view, it has been proved that the caecum in guinea pigs occupies the caudal segment of the abdominal cavity and consists of three parts: the ampullary portion, the body of the caecum, and the apex of the caecum, without a caecal appendix. In our histological analysis, we observed that the caecum has a simple structure, and the cecal mucosal glands are rare and contain, in addition to enterocytes, a small number of goblet cells, which are better represented in the deep part of the glands. Histochemically it has been observed that goblet cells are PAS and Alcian blue positive, which shows that they secrete both neutral and acidic mucins. The intensity of these two histochemical reactions is similar to that of goblet cells from other intestinal segments, proving that they are typical goblet cells. The large volume of the caecum suggests that this is an important section for the digestion process, although the relatively simple structure of the caecal mucosa suggests that the digestion here is not preponderant, but only complements the intestinal one.

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17

Kadam, Sheela D., Priya P. Roy, Doshi Megha A, Kadam Ankur D, and Mohite Hema. "MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF VERMIFORM APPENDIX AND CAECUM: A CADAVERIC STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 2.3 (June 30, 2017): 3983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.234.

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18

Toprak, Huseyin, Mehmet Bilgin, Musa Atay, and Ercan Kocakoc. "Diagnosis of Appendicitis in Patients with Abnormal Position of the Appendix due to Mobile Caecum." Case Reports in Surgery 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/921382.

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Acute appendicitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of signs, symptoms, clinical history, physical examination, and results of laboratory tests.The position of the appendix can vary considerably, both in relation to the caecum and because of the inconsistent position of the caecum itself, and may cause variable clinical symptoms. We present the CT findings of surgically proven acute appendicitis associated with atypically located caecum in two patients.

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19

Nićiforovic, D., A. Spasic, I. Turkalj, and F. M. Vanhoenacker. "Toothpick perforation of the caecum." Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology 97, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/jbr-btr.9.

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20

Vander, K. O., and V. I. Lupaltsov. "Focal necrosis of the caecum." Surgery of Ukraine, no. 1 (May 17, 2018): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/su2018195.

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21

Davies, M. E., and R. W. Bingham. "Spirochaetes in the equine caecum." Research in Veterinary Science 39, no. 1 (July 1985): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-5288(18)31780-6.

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22

WILKINSON, N., A. CAIRNS, E. W. BENBOW, P. DONNAI, and C. H. BUCKLEY. "Dermoid cyst of the caecum." Histopathology 29, no. 2 (August 1996): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1996.d01-489.x.

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23

Margovsky, A., and D. A. Grieve. "Cocaine-induced isolated caecum necrosis." ANZ Journal of Surgery 71, no. 5 (May 11, 2001): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1622.2001.02113.x.

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24

Mzoughi, Z., H. Zaafouri, A. Ben Maamer, and A. Cherif. "Lipome sous-séreux du caecum." Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie 6, no. 1 (November 17, 2011): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12157-011-0344-5.

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25

Snipes, RL, H. Snipes, and FN Carrick. "Surface Enlargement in the Large-Intestine of the Koala (Phascolarctos-Cinereus) - Morphometric Parameters." Australian Journal of Zoology 41, no. 4 (1993): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9930393.

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Morphometric data are presented for various parameters of the large intestine of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). For the first time, empirical values are provided that substantiate the morphologically obvious enormous development of the caecum and proximal colon in this herbivorous marsupial. By use of a computer-aided planimeter the basal or ground surface areas of the caecum and colon were determined. On paraffin-embedded material the surface enlargement of the mucosa due to microscopically visible folds or plicae was measured. This is expressed in the form of a surface-enlargement factor which was multiplied by the basal surface areas to give total surface areas. The basal surface areas (with percentage of entire intestine in parentheses) are: caecum, 890.6 cm2 (32.0%); colon, 1434.8 cm2 (51.5%); and entire (large and small) intestine, 2785.0 cm2. In the caecum and proximal colon of the koala, 8-14 longitudinal folds augment the surface area enormously. Basal areas plus that additional area afforded by the folds amount to: caecum, 3659.8 (45.9%); colon, 3854.0 (48.3%); and entire intestine, 7973.4 cm2. Respective total areas (surface enlargement factor x basal area) are: caecum, 10 979.5 cm2 (44.9%); colon, 9808.5 cm2 (40.1%); and entire intestine, 24 464.7 cm2 (= 2.4 m2).

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26

Kobeniak, N. N. "MORPHOLOGY OF THE CAECUM IN LABORATORY ANIMALS IN HEALTH: SPECIES COMPARISON." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 20, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.2.134.

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In recent decades, the prevalence of gastrointestinal diseases has increased thus posing the immediate, both therapeutic and surgical treatment. It brings forth a problem of searching new and improving existing approaches and techniques for correcting the above-mentioned diseases. Preclinical studies in this area are conducted exclusively on laboratory animals and peculiarities of the morphological features of their organs are of great importance when comparing with the human morphology. The methodology used in the study included histological, morphometric and statistical techniques; biopsy samples of caecum taken from 5 rabbits were investigated. We assessed the correctness of the trait distribution by each of the variations, the mean values for each trait studied, standard errors and standard deviations. The significance of the difference of values between independent micrometric values in the normal trait distribution was determined by Student's criterion. The paper describes the main morphological characteristics of the caecum in rabbits and compared the findings obtained with similar structures of the human caecum. The caecum of rabbits, as of humans, has four layers: mucous, submucosal, muscular and serous. The mucous membrane consists of the epithelial layer located on the basement membrane and the muscular plate and contains cellular elements. The submucosa is composed of loose fibrous connective tissue, which contains collagen and reticular fibres, elements of diffuse lymphoid tissue, blood vessels, and nerve endings. The muscular and serous membranes are quite similar to the human caecum. Thus, the optic light microscopy has demonstrated the morphology of the caecum in rabbits is similar to that in the human caecum.

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Savithri, P. "Subhepatic caecum and appendix - a rare variant in an adult male cadaver." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 02, no. 02 (April 2013): 093–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401707.

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AbstractIn unusual cases of malrotation or incomplete rotation of caecum , the appendix is not located in the lower right quadrant. When the caecum is high [subhepatic caecum] the appendix is located in the right hypochondriac region and the pain in these cases is located there, not in the lower right quadrant. In this position , the symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis may mimic acute cholecystitis, diagnosis in such cases is a great diagnostic challenge. The author observed this less frequent anomaly in a middle aged male cadaver. After opening the abdomen while tracing peritoneal reflections abnormality was identified. The caecum and appendix were present in relation with inferior surface of liver. Embryologically, the caecal swelling appears as a small conical dilation of the caudal limb of primitive intestinal loop and it is the last part of the gut to reenter the abdominal cavity. It is temporarily located in the right upper quadrant directly below the right lobe of liver. From here it descends into the right iliac fossa. The failure to descend leads to subhepatic caecum.

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28

Rolet, Gauthier, Alexander Ziegler, and Chantal De Ridder. "Presence of a seawater-filled caecum in Echinocardium cordatum (Echinoidea: Spatangoida)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 2 (August 31, 2011): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315411001433.

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Heart urchins (Echinoidea: Spatangoida) are considered infaunal, deposit feeding sea urchins that utilize the surrounding sediment as a source of nutrients. Sediment occupies most of the digestive tract lumen but never enters the gastric caecum, a prominent structure that is filled with a transparent fluid. The aim of this study was to shed light on the nature of the fluid found inside the gastric caecum of a well-studied spatangoid species, Echinocardium cordatum. Our conclusions are based on a three-step-approach: firstly, by following the movement of dyed seawater from the mouth up to the caecal lumen; secondly, by comparing the osmolarity of various body fluids; and thirdly, by describing the particulate content of the gastric caecum. In addition, we employed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to reveal the absence of sediment within the gastric caecum. Our osmolarity measurements show that the coelomic fluid is significantly more concentrated than the caecal fluid, which in turn has an osmolarity similar to seawater. MRI reveals that the gastric caecum, in contrast to the rest of the digestive tract, is always devoid of sediment. Light and electron microscopy observations reveal the presence of a variety of detrital particles suspended in the caecal fluid that are identical to those occurring in seawater sampled over the seafloor. We argue that the fluid filling the gastric caecum must be predominantly seawater, and we propose a scenario that explains seawater circulation in E. cordatum. In this context, the gastric caecum could act as an internal trap for suspended particulate organic matter. We hypothesize that spatangoid sea urchins could have adopted internal suspension feeding as a secondary feeding mode in addition to deposit feeding.

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Nuchhi, Ashwini Balasaheb, Sandhya Vikas Yatagiri, Patil B G, and Bannur B M. "STUDY OF ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF CAECUM AND APPENDIX: A CADAVERIC STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 3.1 (July 31, 2017): 4158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.272.

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Dauksiene, Agila, Modestas Ruzauskas, Romas Gruzauskas, Paulina Zavistanaviciute, Vytaute Starkute, Vita Lele, Dovile Klupsaite, Jolita Klementaviciute, and Elena Bartkiene. "A Comparison Study of the Caecum Microbial Profiles, Productivity and Production Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Supplements Based on Medium Chain Fatty and Organic Acids." Animals 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2021): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030610.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and organic acids (OAs) supplements on the caecum microbial profiles, productivity and production quality characteristics of broiler chickens (BCs). BC (900 chicks) were attributed to three groups: (i) control; (ii) MCFAs group (BCs fed with feed supplemented with MCFAs); (iii) OAs group (BCs fed with feed supplemented with OAs). Broilers were slaughtered at the end of the trial (42 days old), and the caecum microbial profiles, productivity and production quality characteristics were analysed. Supplementation with OAs resulted in a more appropriate environment in the caecum for beneficial microorganisms than with a diet supplemented with MCFAs. This was supported by data on the presence of higher amounts and an increased species variety of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) in the caecum of birds. The above-mentioned changes of the caecum microbiota led to significantly higher villus height (p = 0.003) of the OAs broiler group and significantly lower crypt depth (p = 0.037). Notwithstanding the significant increase of acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, and valeric acids that were established in caecum samples from the MCFAs group, better parameters of broiler production performance (higher body weight and lower mortality) and carcass traits (higher both thigh and shin muscles with skin and bone weight; both shin muscles without skin and bone weight; abdominal fat yield) were found in the OAs-treated group. For chemical, physical and technological characteristics of breast meat samples, increased yellowness and water holding capacity by 14.7% and 2.3%, respectively, were found in MCFAs group samples. A more appropriate environment in the caecum for beneficial microorganisms could be obtained when BCs were fed with OAs supplement, comparing to MCFAs, and these positive changes were associated with higher efficiency of poultry production.

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Ma, Teng, Guobin Chang, Rong Chen, Zhongwei Sheng, Aiqin Dai, Fei Zhai, Jianchao Li, et al. "Identification of Key Genes in the Response toSalmonella enterica Enteritidis,Salmonella enterica Pullorum, and Poly(I:C) in Chicken Spleen and Caecum." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/154946.

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Salmonella enterica Enteritidis(S. Enteritidis) andSalmonella enterica Pullorum(S. pullorum) are regarded as a threat to poultry production. This study’s aim is to characterize the expression profiles in response to three different challenges and to identify infection-related genes in the chicken spleen and caecum. Groups of the Chinese chicken breed Langshan were challenged with eitherS. Enteritidis,S. pullorum, or poly(I:C). The concentrations of cytokines and antibodies and theSalmonellacolonization level of the caecum and liver were detected in each group at 7 days postinfection. Expression microarray experiments were conducted using mRNA isolated from both spleen and caecum. Crucial differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with immunity were identified. Four DEGs were identified in spleen of all three challenge groups (RBM16, FAH, SOX5, and RBM9) and different four genes in caecum (SOUL, FCN2, ANLN, and ACSL1). Expression profiles were clearly different among the three challenged groups. Genes enriched in the spleen of birds infected withS. pullorumwere enriched in lymphocyte proliferation related pathways, but the enriched genes in the caecum of the same group were primarily enriched in innate immunity or antibacterial responses. The DEGs that appear across all three challenge groups might represent global response factors for different pathogens.

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Yildar, Murat, Omer Faruk Ozkan, Kasım Caglayan, Faruk Ozkul, Faruk Cavdar, and İsmail Saygın. "An Unusual Cause of Right Lower Quadrant Pain: The Caecum Diverticulitis." Case Reports in Surgery 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/789397.

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Purpose. In the study presented, preoperative examinations and surgical methods were discussed along with literature, regarding two cases who were operated with the prediagnosis of acute appendicitis and for whom caecum diverticulitis was determined.Case 1. 21 years old male patient who had applied to hospital with complaint of abdominal pain, underwent an operation with a prediagnosis of acute appendicitis. Right hemicolectomy was performed with mass perioperatively determined in caecum. Histopathological examination revealed necrosis and inflammation in diverticulum wall.Case 2. 36 years old female patient applied to emergency department with abdominal pain and underwent an operation with a prediagnosis of acute appendicitis. Appendectomy and diverticulectomy were performed for whom inflame diverticula in caecum was determined perioperatively. Histopathological examination was revealed acute inflammation in diverticulum wall.Conclusion. Although solitary caecum diverticulitis is a rarely encountered disease, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of right lower abdomen pain.

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Forsythe, S. J., and D. S. Parker. "Urea turnover and transfer to the digestive tract in the rabbit." British Journal of Nutrition 53, no. 1 (January 1985): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850022.

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1. 14C and 15N isotopes of urea were infused intravenously into rabbits for 6–8 h in order to measure urea synthesis and the extent of degradation in the digestive tract. The results indicate that 0.62 of the urea flux was excreted in the urine and that re-incorporation of urea-N following hydrolysis in the gut represented 0.3 of the urea synthesis rate.2. Sampling of metabolites from the caecum by dialysis provided an opportunity to assess the contribution of urea-N to the caecal ammonia pool. This contribution is calculated to be 0.25 of caecal ammonia turnover.3. Infusion of a urease (EC 3. 5. 1. 5) inhibitor during a continuous infusion of [14C]urea into the caecum permitted the measurement of urea turnover within the caecum.4. Results obtained for urea entry into the caecum are contrasted with the measured urea degradation rate in the gut.

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34

U. Ali, U., and M. F. Wajdi. "Pemanfaatan Bakteri Selulolitik Sekum Kelinci dengan Aras Konsentrasi Koloni dan Waktu Inkubasi untuk Fermentasi Limbah Agroindustri Lokal dalam Pakan Kelinci." Sains Peternakan 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.12.2.94-100.

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This study aims to isolation, characterization and create a culture of cellulolytic bacteria from<br />the caecum of rabbits to fermentation local agro-industry waste CSO (skin coconut meat, soybean seed coat and onggok) into quality feed products and palatable as a commercial feedstuff substitute for optimization performance of rabbit. The materials of study are rabbit caecum, culture media and waste CSO. The study methods is descriptive of isolation, characterization and creation of caecum cellulolytic bacterial culture, continued experiments using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial 3 x 5 fermentation of cellulolytic bacteria colonies concentration (Ci = 10 CFU / g DM, C2 = 108 CFU / g DM, C3 = 109 CFU / g DM) and a long incubation (Ii = 2 days, I2 = 4 days , I3 = 6 days , I4 = 8 days, I5 = 10 days). The results show that cellulolytic bacteria strongest from epithelial wall of caecum are gram-positive, do not form spores, catalase negative and bacillus. The nutrient content of waste CSO: CP 10.11%; CF 20.99%; EE 31.52%; NDF 33.42%, ADF 21,35% and cellulose 11.97% so need to be fermented. Treatment of bacterial colonies concentration and long Pemanfaatan Bakteri Selulolitik ... (Ali dan Wadjdi) incubation in fermentation CSO partially lowered OM, EE, CF, NDF, ADF and cellulose, but increase the CP. Treatment interaction increases CP and other nutrients down not significant. Effective treatment interaction concentration 108 CFU / g DM and long incubation 8 days with CP 11.55%; CF 17.34%; EE 31.29%; NDF 28.23% ; ADF 18:33% and cellulose 8.89%. In conclusion, the strongest rabbit caecum cellulolytic bacteria from the epithelial wall of the caecum are gram positive, not sporulating, catalase negative and formed bacillus. Nutrient content of the best CSOF at K2I8<br />treatment with CP increased 14.36% and other nutrients down: CF 17.39%; EE 0.73%; NDF 15.53% and cellulose.25.74%. Suggested fermentation effectiveness CSO waste can use the caecum cellulolytic bacteria concentration of 10 CFU / g DM material and incubation time of 8 days.<br />Keywords: CSO waste, fermentation, nutrient content.

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35

U. Ali, U., and M. F. Wajdi. "Pemanfaatan Bakteri Selulolitik Sekum Kelinci dengan Aras Konsentrasi Koloni dan Waktu Inkubasi untuk Fermentasi Limbah Agroindustri Lokal dalam Pakan Kelinci." Sains Peternakan 13, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v12i2.4780.

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This study aims to isolation, characterization and create a culture of cellulolytic bacteria from<br />the caecum of rabbits to fermentation local agro-industry waste CSO (skin coconut meat, soybean seed coat and onggok) into quality feed products and palatable as a commercial feedstuff substitute for optimization performance of rabbit. The materials of study are rabbit caecum, culture media and waste CSO. The study methods is descriptive of isolation, characterization and creation of caecum cellulolytic bacterial culture, continued experiments using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial 3 x 5 fermentation of cellulolytic bacteria colonies concentration (Ci = 10 CFU / g DM, C2 = 108 CFU / g DM, C3 = 109 CFU / g DM) and a long incubation (Ii = 2 days, I2 = 4 days , I3 = 6 days , I4 = 8 days, I5 = 10 days). The results show that cellulolytic bacteria strongest from epithelial wall of caecum are gram-positive, do not form spores, catalase negative and bacillus. The nutrient content of waste CSO: CP 10.11%; CF 20.99%; EE 31.52%; NDF 33.42%, ADF 21,35% and cellulose 11.97% so need to be fermented. Treatment of bacterial colonies concentration and long Pemanfaatan Bakteri Selulolitik ... (Ali dan Wadjdi) incubation in fermentation CSO partially lowered OM, EE, CF, NDF, ADF and cellulose, but increase the CP. Treatment interaction increases CP and other nutrients down not significant. Effective treatment interaction concentration 108 CFU / g DM and long incubation 8 days with CP 11.55%; CF 17.34%; EE 31.29%; NDF 28.23% ; ADF 18:33% and cellulose 8.89%. In conclusion, the strongest rabbit caecum cellulolytic bacteria from the epithelial wall of the caecum are gram positive, not sporulating, catalase negative and formed bacillus. Nutrient content of the best CSOF at K2I8<br />treatment with CP increased 14.36% and other nutrients down: CF 17.39%; EE 0.73%; NDF 15.53% and cellulose.25.74%. Suggested fermentation effectiveness CSO waste can use the caecum cellulolytic bacteria concentration of 10 CFU / g DM material and incubation time of 8 days.<br />Keywords: CSO waste, fermentation, nutrient content.

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36

Potter, Alison, and Vas Kamath. "A dermoid cyst of the caecum." Pathology 50 (February 2018): S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2017.12.220.

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37

Hill, W. C. Osman, and R. E. Rewell. "The caecum of monotremes and marsupials." Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 28, no. 2 (July 7, 2010): 185–240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1954.tb00234.x.

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38

Verma, Rashmi, Sally Osborn, and Kieran Horgan. "Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma of Caecum Causing Intussusception." Case Reports in Surgery 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/714126.

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Malignant transformation of endometriosis is rare and is usually seen in ovarian endometriosis. The colon and rectum are the most common sites for extragonadal endometriosis, and although serosal involvement is commonly seen, mucosal involvement is rare. Malignant transformation of endometriosis is a rare but a well-known complication of endometriosis. We report an unusual presentation of endometrioid adenocarcinoma with lymph node metastasis, arising from endometriosis in the caecal wall and causing ileocaecal intussusception. The patient presented with sudden onset of abdominal pain with features suggestive of acute appendicitis. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed an ileocaecal intussusception. Conversion to open surgery confirmed a caecal mass causing ileocaecal intussusception, and a radical right hemicolectomy was performed. Histology revealed endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising in a focus of endometriosis in the muscularis propria and involving the mucosa, with one regional metastatic lymph node.

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39

Vasil´ev, A. V., E. V. Shafeev, and E. R. Olevskaya. "Foreign body of the caecum cupula." Endoskopicheskaya khirurgiya 23, no. 3 (2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/endoskop201723341-42.

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40

Armstrong, C. P., Z. Ahsan, G. Hinchley, D. L. Prothero, and A. J. M. Brodribb. "Appendicectomy and carcinoma of the caecum." British Journal of Surgery 76, no. 10 (October 1989): 1049–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800761022.

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41

Marco, Maria L., Theodorus H. F. Peters, Roger S. Bongers, Douwe Molenaar, Saskia van Hemert, Justin L. Sonnenburg, Jeffrey I. Gordon, and Michiel Kleerebezem. "Lifestyle ofLactobacillus plantarumin the mouse caecum." Environmental Microbiology 11, no. 10 (October 2009): 2747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02001.x.

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42

Yilmaz, Özkan, Remzi Kiziltan, Vedat Bayrak, Sebahattin Çelik, and Iskan Çalli. "Uncommon Caecum Diverticulitis Mimicking Acute Appendicitis." Case Reports in Surgery 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5427980.

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Diverticulum of the cecum is a rarely seen reason of acute abdomen and it is difficult to be distinguished from appendicitis. The diagnosis is generally made during operation. We have presented this case in order to remember that it is a disease which should be kept in mind in cases of right lower quadrant pain.

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43

Tagliabue, F., B. Pozzi, E. Dainese, G. Confalonieri, and M. Costa. "Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the caecum." Colorectal Disease 12, no. 2 (February 2010): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1318.2008.01724.x.

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44

Tutar, Onur, Sedat Giray Kandemirli, Duzgun Yildirim, Emine Sebnem Memis, and Selim Bakan. "Vein of foramen caecum: imaging findings." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 38, no. 5 (October 12, 2015): 615–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-015-1570-0.

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Bohn-Sarmiento, Uriel, José C. Rivero-Vera, David Aguiar-Bujanda, Miguel A. Cabrera Santana, and José Aguiar-Morales. "Primary Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the caecum." Clinical and Translational Oncology 8, no. 6 (June 2006): 450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12094-006-0200-z.

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Stumpff, Friederike, David Manneck, and Holger Martens. "Unravelling the secrets of the caecum." Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 471, no. 7 (June 13, 2019): 925–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-019-02292-1.

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47

Zhong, H., Z. Liu, M. Liang, Q. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Luo, J. Sun, C. Zhang, Q. Li, and C. Wang. "Effects of supplementing geese with green sweet sorghum stalks on microbiota in segments of the gastrointestinal tract." South African Journal of Animal Science 50, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v50i3.9.

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To explore the effects of supplementing a basal diet with green sweet sorghum stalks on the gut microbiota in geese, one hundred and twenty 28 day old geese were divided into two groups. Group 1 was fed a basal diet and group 2 was fed 92% of the same basal diet with green sweet sorghum stalks ad libitum for 42 days. Three male geese from each group were killed at 70 days old, four gastrointestinal tract segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and caecum) were collected, and the hypervariable V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. There were obvious changes of microbiome in the caecum compared with the other three intestinal segments after green sweet sorghum stalks were added to the diet. Group 2 had significantly higher alpha diversity in the caecum compared with group 1 (P <0.05). The phyla of bacterial communities in the caecum differed. Group 2 had more abundant Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, but Proteobacteria were more abundant in group 1. At genus level, Bacteroides was more prevalent in group 2, as were Prevotella and YRC22 (P <0.05). Functional analysis revealed that the carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, endocrine system and digestive system metabolic pathways were overrepresented in group 2. In conclusion, caecal microbes might play an important role in digesting green sweet sorghum stalks in geese.Keywords: caecum, goose, microbiome, microbial diversity

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Thakur, Brijesh, Sanjeev Kishore, Aparna Bhardwaj, and Sandip Kudesia. "Diffuse Intestinal Submucosal Lipomatosis with Incidental Epidermal Inclusion Cyst of Caecum Clinically Masquerading as Carcinoma Caecum." Rare Tumors 6, no. 3 (August 4, 2014): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/rt.2014.5380.

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Gilbert, John D., and Roger W. Byard. "Lethal phlegmonous colitis." Medicine, Science and the Law 58, no. 3 (May 21, 2018): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802418778165.

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A 52-year-old man died soon after admission to hospital with a severe metabolic acidosis and likely sepsis. He had a past history of alcohol abuse with withdrawal seizures. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed thickened bowel loops but no obvious ischaemic changes, and a blood culture yielded a pure growth of Escherichia coli. At autopsy, the liver showed well-established micro-nodular cirrhosis with steatosis. The peritoneal cavity contained 200 mL of turbid yellow-brown fluid, and the caecum and ascending colon were unusually thickened. Microscopy of the caecum and ascending colon showed oedema, with a florid submucosal acute inflammatory infiltrate and large numbers of rod-shaped bacilli typical of phlegmonous colitis. This rare acute infectious condition predominately involves the caecum and ascending colon and is associated with liver cirrhosis. It should therefore always be considered at autopsy in individuals with cirrhosis, with careful examination and microscopic sampling of the caecum and proximal ascending colon, including ancillary blood/fluid bacterial cultures if the condition is suspected based on the macroscopic findings and/or history.

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Cappai, Maria Grazia, Petra Wolf, Walter Pinna, Peter Rust, and Josef Kamphues. "Pre-Caecal Disappearance of Starch and Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) Content in Digesta of Caecum of Growing Pigs Fed with Ripe Hulled Shredded Acorns in Their Diet." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110508.

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Physical properties and chemical composition of caecum chyme, with particular regard to starch pre-caecal disappearance and volatile fatty acid (VFA, C2-C5) content, were determined in 16 growing pigs fed raw acorns in the diet. Pigs were singly housed and divided into two experimental feeding groups (each n = 8). The control group was fed a conventional complete diet for pigs (pelleted; 890 g dry matter (DM)/kg, 435 g starch/kg DM, based on cereals and soybean extraction meal). The acorn-fed group was offered a combined diet, 70% of ripe whole shredded acorns (695 g DM/kg, 447 g starch/kg DM) and 30% of the control diet. After one week, all 16 animals were slaughtered, and contents of the caudal ileum and caecum were analyzed for dry matter, crude ash, and starch. Fresh caecum chyme was analyzed for VFA content and molar proportion of acetic, propionic, n-butyric, n-valeric acid were determined. VFA per kg of organic matter (OM) in the caecum differed significantly between groups (p = 0.047). Pre-caecal disappearance (pCD) of acorn native starch turned out to be high (>95%). Estimated VFA content in caecum in the acorn combined diet resulted in 8.72 g per kg of OM, and the relationship based on molar proportion between acetic:propionic:n-butyric:n-valeric acid was 1:0.2:0.1:0.04, which pointed to higher proportions of n-valeric acid when hulled shredded acorns are fed to pigs.

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