Academic literature on the topic 'Caffeinated substances'

We verified whether caffeinated coffee consumption influenced the concentrations of prolactin (PRL) and oxidative stress parameters: total antioxidant status (TAS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (T-Bil), albumin (ALB), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP)—in blood sera obtained at 15, 60, and 120 minutes after caffeinated coffee intake, in relation to the fasting point. The study participants were 33 young, healthy, nonsmoking volunteers (15 men, 18 women) aged 19-29 years. PRL concentrations significantly decreased ( p < 0.05 ) after consumption, except at time point 15’ in men ( p > 0.05 ). In women, FRAP levels significantly increased over time, and significant changes were also observed for UA at 120’ and ALB at 15’. In men, significant changes were found for levels of AOPP at 15’, T-Bil and ALB at 15’, iron at 60’ and 120’, and calcium at 120’. There were no significant differences in the levels of other examined parameters between the defined time points. In conclusion, the substances contained in caffeinated coffee decrease the level of prolactin and may also have an impact on selected parameters of oxidative stress, which could be the basis of future research focused on the identification of new therapeutic targets.

Multiple studies have shown that the hippocampus is a major part of the limbic system of the brain. It has complex cyclic connections with other brain structures. The hippocampus is an area that stores the sensory information that is associated with effective programs of behavior. The projection of this region in the cortex creates a sense of emotional background, which is a factor of automatic extraction and evaluation of programs, in accordance with past experience, including programs got with a new consciousness. Neurons of hippocampus differ with a severe background activity. Up to 60% of neurons in the hippocampus are responding on the sensory stimulation. Electrical activity is a manifestation of complex shape analyzer processes in stimulating tissues. Changes in activity may indicate the occurrence of adaptive processes that are the result of stress- realizing and stress- limiting systems. One of the main roles in these systems plays hippocampus. The main neurotransmitters of synaptic stimulation in the hippocampus are glutamate. In the hippocampus under conditions of chronic stress are developing neurodegenerative processes in which primary importance belongs to prolonged changes in membrane potential of neurons that potentiate the action of glutamate on nerve cells. Balanced job of synaptic stimulation/inhibition and neurotransmitters systems is underlying the transmission, processing and storage of information in the hippocampus, as well as generating its rhythms, which is a kind of clock operating frequencies of the structure of the brain. Obviously, the various factors that affect the body from the outside can affect on recovery efficiency of electric shift of homeostasis. One of such factors are caffeinated substances, due to their inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase and interaction with the purine receptors, which ultimately leads to the predominance of stimulating in the brain. In addition, for many decades consumption of caffeinated products with neuro-stimulating properties have greatly increased. Leaders in this list remain coffee and tea. Today the well-known biological effects of caffeinated substances are investigated their chemical composition and process of the transformation in the body. The wide range of research is due to the high consumption of these substances. The environmental factors indirectly or directly, in combination or single affect health, and the caffeinated substances can go to one of the best in strength and impact performance. In neurochemical mechanism of stimulating effect of caffeine plays an important role its ability to bind to specific ("purine" or adenosine) receptors in the brain, the endogenous ligand for which is purine nucleoside – adenosine. The structural similarity of molecules of caffeine and adenosine contributes to this. Since adenosine is seen as a factor that reduces the stimulating processes in the brain, replacing its caffeine results in stimulative effect. Prolonged use of caffeine promotes the formation of new adenosine receptors and the effect of caffeine gradually decreases. However, the sudden cessation of caffeine consumption, adenosine covers all receptors that may lead to increased inhibition with symptoms of fatigue, sleepiness, depression. The relevance of this work is determined by the following observations. Activating mechanism of action of these substances is launching adaptive responses that represent the interaction stress-activating and stress-limiting systems. Energy shortage of the last one under these conditions can appear the cause of many neurodegenerative patalohiy. What may occur in terms of the electroencephalogramm. Electrical activity of the hippocampus, in turn, is one of the indicators of the functional state, which plays an important role in adaptive-compensatory reactions. Therefore, we can assume that prolonged consumption of caffeinated substances can lead to neurodegenerative changes that will show itself in terms of power on hippocampogramm. Therefore, the present study has to identify the dynamics of the bioelectrical activity of the hippocampus of rats under prolonged consumption of caffeinated substances. Experiments were carried out on non-linear white male rats. At the beginning rats were with weight 125–140 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of control animals (n = 20). The second group (n = 15) was presented by the animals feeded with pure caffeine in an amount of 150 mg/kg/day. Registration of electrohippocampogramm was performed in acute experiments in the subgroup of 3–5 animals every 2 weeks throughout the study, which lasted for 8 weeks. Background electrical activity of the hippocampus were recorded using standard electrophysiological complex equipment. Recordings started when the electrical activity of the hippocampus disappeared drugs spindle. Each animal spent 10–12 records for 1–2 minutes and then these records are digitally stored on a personal computer and processed using the application package consisting of "MathCAD 2001". Analyzed spectral power (mkV2) and normalized power (%) waves of background electrical activity of the hippocampus within common frequency bands. In the group of animals that continued to receive caffeine in its pure form at the beginning of experiment was observed desynchronization of rhythms in hippocampogramm that after 8 weeks of the study varied synchronization. The results may indicate that the effect of coffeine substances on neurophysiological parameters of electrical activity of the hippocampus of rats reflects one of the many lines of action of some form of nutritional stress, which mechanisms relate to the agreed work and limiting and activating systems of the brain over time.

Background: Sleep is important in maintenance of proper functioning of both mental and physical functions of human body. Studies have shown there is impact on the sleep parameters with the use of caffeine, cigarette and alcohol. As there is little availability of similar studies here in Nepal, we made an attempt to know the relation of consumption of such substances with the sleep quality and sleep parameters as per Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate students at BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan. Students were asked to complete a self- administered questionnaire to give information about demographic variables and habit of consumption of caffeinated beverages, cigarette and alcohol. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was utilized after the permission from authority to evaluate sleep quality. Results: Out of 350, almost half of the students (44.6%) had poor sleep quality. 40.8% students reported sleeping six hours or less per night and 10.1% used medications to sleep. 96% reported consuming caffeinated beverages, 20% consumed cigarettes and 38.3% consumed alcoholic beverages. There was significant association of poor sleep quality with the increased consumption caffeine, cigarette and alcohol (p<0.05). Conclusions: Poor sleep is prevalent among the undergraduate students of B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences and the consumption of caffeine, cigarette and alcohol is associated with increment in poor sleep quality among them. Keywords: Caffeinated beverages; pittsburgh sleep quality index

Excessive consumption of over-the-counter stimulants is associated with coronary vasospasm, thrombotic complications, and sudden cardiac death. Their effects on cerebrovascular physiology are not yet described in the neurointerventional literature. Patients are increasingly exposed to high levels of these vasoactive substances in the form of caffeinated energy drinks and specialty coffees. We report a case of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and severe, catheter-induced vasospasm during attempted endovascular repair of a ruptured anterior communicating artery (AComA) aneurysm in the setting of excessive energy drink consumption. We review the literature and alert clinicians to this potentially serious complication.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among pregnant women in Ethiopia.MethodInstitutional based cross-sectional study.SettingUniversity of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 415 pregnant women were recruited by using a systematic random sampling technique from 28 April 2020 to 12 June 2020.MeasurementThe desired data were collected through face-to-face interview technique by using validated questionnaires such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Oslo-3 and Abuse Assessment Screen. The data were analysed by using SPSS V.20. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors with poor sleep quality. Variables having a p value of less than 0.2 in the bivariate analysis were entered to the multivariable logistic regression. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, at 95% CI.ResultIn this study, 175 (42.2%) pregnant women had poor sleep quality. According to multivariable logistic regression, being first and third trimesters of gestational age (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.31, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.61 and aOR 3.45, 95% CI 2.05 to 5.79, respectively), consumption of caffeinated substances (aOR 2.96, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.52), having depression (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.76), having high perceived stress (aOR 5.39, 95% CI 1.96 to 14.79) and experience of intimate partner violence (aOR 5.57, 95% CI 2.19 to 14.68) were positive significant associated factors with poor sleep quality.Conclusion and recommendationThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women was relatively high. First and third trimesters, consumption of caffeinated substances, antenatal depression, high perceived stress and intimate partner violence were factors significantly associated with poor sleep quality. This result suggests that all pregnant women should be screened and treated for poor sleep quality during the first and third trimesters.

While caffeine ingestion is commonplace, there is a relative lack of research on normative standards of caffeine consumption. The present investigation surveyed two hundred and seventy students at a midwestern state university concerning their consumption of various caffeine products. The results of the investigation suggest that there is an identifiable group of individuals who use excessive amounts of caffeine. The survey has also identified several deleterious effects that may be related to caffeine use. The most important finding of the study was that roughly 75 percent of the individuals who use caffeinated products rarely sought information concerning the caffeine content of the products they were using nor did they attempt to avoid substances containing caffeine. Suggestions for education and prevention are offered.

Recent pharmacoepidemiologic studies suggest that pharmacological neuroenhancement (pNE) and mood enhancement are globally expanding phenomena with distinctly different regional characteristics. Sociocultural and regulatory aspects, as well as health policies, play a central role in addition to medical care and prescription practices. The users mainly display self-involved motivations related to cognitive enhancement, emotional stability, and adaptivity. Natural stimulants, as well as drugs, represent substance abuse groups. The latter comprise purines, methylxanthines, phenylethylamines, modafinil, nootropics, antidepressants but also benzodiazepines, β-adrenoceptor antagonists, and cannabis. Predominant pharmacodynamic target structures of these substances are the noradrenergic/dopaminergic and cholinergic receptor/transporter systems. Further targets comprise adenosine, serotonin, and glutamate receptors. Meta-analyses of randomized-controlled studies in healthy individuals show no or very limited verifiability of positive effects of pNE on attention, vigilance, learning, and memory. Only some members of the substance abuse groups, i.e., phenylethylamines and modafinil, display positive effects on attention and vigilance that are comparable to caffeinated drinks. However, the development of new antidementia drugs will increase the availability and the potential abuse of pNE. Social education, restrictive regulatory measures, and consistent medical prescription practices are essential to restrict the phenomenon of neuroenhancement with its social, medical, and ethical implications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the highly dynamic field of pharmacological neuroenhancement and elaborates the dramatic challenges for the medical, sociocultural, and ethical fundaments of society.

Cola beverages are often made available to competitors during endurance sporting events. This thesis describes a series of investigations examining the frequency and possible physiological consequences of cola beverage use by trained endurance athletes. An initial field study assessed the knowledge, prevalence and quantity of caffeine use by athletes competing at the 2005 Ironman® Triathlon World Championships. A large majority (89%) of athletes were planning on using a caffeinated substance immediately prior to or throughout the race and a similarly high proportion (78%) indicated that cola would be one source of this caffeine. Results also indicated a trend towards greater caffeine use in those athletes aware of its recent removal from the World Anti-Doping Agency’s (WADA) prohibited substances list. The first laboratory based study investigated the ergogenic impact of changing to a cola flavoured beverage during the later stages of an endurance cycling task as. Results demonstrated that changing to a cola flavoured, but ingredient matched beverage, or an alternative flavoured sports drink following prolonged exposure to one sports drink flavour did not affect subsequent cycling time trial performance, perception of effort or perceived ratings of gastrointestinal function. These findings suggest that flavour–mediated mechanisms do not coThe final laboratory study investigated the dose-response effects of 1.5 and 3 mg∙kg-1 body weight (BW) of caffeine on exogenous CHO oxidation, and performance during endurance exercise. Again, no significant time trial performance improvements were observed during either caffeine containing trial. Additionally, when glucose was consumed in sufficient amounts to optimise its gastrointestinal absorption the addition of caffeine at either low or moderate doses did not further enhance the subsequent oxidation of this CHO.ntribute to the ergogenic potential of cola beverages consumed throughout endurance-exercise.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Public Health
Griffith Health
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