Academic literature on the topic 'Cage fish farming. eng'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cage fish farming. eng"
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Skachkov, D. P., Yu A. Puhovski, and V. T. Orlov. "Seasonal dynamics of carp infection with Bothriocephalus sp. in cage farming under the new conditions." Russian Journal of Parasitology 12, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2018-12-1-45-51.
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The purpose of the research: is studying the seasonal dynamics of carp infection with Bothriocephalus sp. in cage farming under the new conditions (no discharge into the reservoir-cooler of warm water, wintering in cages under the ice). Materials and methods. To study the dynamics of contamination of carp yearlings with Bothriocephalus sp. In JSC Cherepetskaya fish farm is chosen 4 cage with fingerlings of carp. Monthly, from April to November 2017, the helminthological autopsy carried out on 10 yearlings carp from each tank to establish the extensiveness and intensity of infection of fish with Bothriocephalus sp. The content of soluble oxygen in water and measured the water temperature in the zone of location of the garden lines determined daily. After carrying out preventive treatments with microsal fish from all experimental cages were opened and the effectiveness of treatment was determined. Results and discussion. Carp are infected with Bothriocephalus sp. in April at 30-50%, in May there was a slight increase of the infection (40- 50%). After the first treatment with feed drug mixtures with microsal, a significant decrease in the infection of the fish with Bothriocephalus sp. occurred. In three cages 100% efficiency was obtained. In the cage No 21, the effectiveness of treatment was 75,0%. In June 2017, in the No. 21 cage, fish contamination increased till 20%. In the remaining three experimental cages, the fish did not infected. At the end of July, there was a sharp increase in the extensiveness and intensity of infection of fish by Bothriocephalus sp. - from 10 to 40% at an invasive rate from 1 to 2,25 cestodes per fish. In August, the extent of infection continued to grow and amounted to 30-60% for different experimental cages, the intensity of infection remained at the same level. On September 18, 2017, after the second treatment of fish with the therapeutic granulated mixed fodder with microsal, efficiency in cages No 5, No. 25 and No 36 was 100%. In the cage No 21, efficiency was 83,3%. In October and November 2017 there was an insignificant increase in fish infection by cestodes. The incidence of infection in October was 10% in the cage No 21, 20% and 10% in the cages 21 and 36 respectively. In the remaining experimental cages, the infection of fish with Bothriocephalus sp. is not established.
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Darzi, Golaghaei. "Nitrogen and phosphorus loading values in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming system in marine floating cage in the Southern Caspian Sea." Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology 10, no. 3 (2021): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2021.10.00313.
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The aim of this study was to determine the loaded amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the Rainbow trout farming system in the floating cage in the south of the Caspian Sea in 2018-2019. Two weight groups of fish (Group 1: 120g; Group 2: 300g) with 30,000 pieces were introduced to each floating cage. The offshore farm had three cages for group 1 (G1) and two cages for group 2 (G2). The fish culture period was 165 days and started in December and ended in May. At the end of the fish farming period, in groups 1 (G1) and 2 (G2), the weights were 780grams and 1450grams, respectively. The fish feed was semi-submerged extruded. The feed conversion ratio for G1 and G2 was determined 1.1 and 1, respectively. Fish survival rate was 95%. The consumption of fish feed in G1 and G2 was 21 tons and 33 tons, respectively in each cage. The N content of the feed was 6.4% and the amount of feed P was 1.25%. The amount of N and P in dry fish was 10% and 3.2%, respectively. The amount of N and P loaded per 21ton and 33ton of fish feed in G1 and G2 was 873.75 and 1292.6 kg N and 112.02 and 150.3kg P respectively. Also, the percentage of N and P in fish feed loaded in G1 and G2 was 65 and 61.2% N and 42.4 and 36.4% P, respectively. Therefore, in this marine farm, with the production of 149.34 tons of Rainbow trout, 5206.45kg N and 636.66kg P were loaded in the environment around the cage. These data are representing average conditions.
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Chu, Y. I., and C. M. Wang. "Hydrodynamic Response Analysis of Combined Spar Wind Turbine and Fish Cage for Offshore Fish Farms." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 09 (August 2020): 2050104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420501047.
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This paper is concerned with the hydrodynamic response of a novel offshore fish farm that combines a floating spar wind turbine and a fish cage (named as COSPAR for brevity). The open net steel cage is octagonal in shape with a partially porous wave fence at its top end to attenuate wave energy for a calm fish farming environment as well as to keep predators out. The deep draught spar is made from concrete for its bottom half and from steel for its top half. The spar carries a control unit and a 1[Formula: see text]MW wind turbine that provides the required power to operate the offshore salmon fish farm. The COSPAR fish cage has four catenary chains as mooring lines attached to mid length of the spar (outside the fish cage) so as to mitigate tension force in the mooring lines and to reduce the benthic footprint. ANSYS Design Modeler and Aqwa are used to perform the hydrodynamic response analysis of free-floating condition of COSPAR in the frequency domain and coupled analysis involving COSPAR and the mooring lines in the frequency domain and time domain. Environmental conditions, representing 5-year, 20-year and 50-year wave return periods with a constant current flow at an exposed fish farming site in Storm Bay of Tasmania, Australia, are adopted for the analyses. A comparison study is made against having a floating fish cage only (i.e. without the bottom half concrete of the spar) with four catenary chains attached to side vertical columns of the cage so that the fish cage behaves like a semi-submersible cage. Based on the comparison study, the COSPAR fish cage shows enhanced hydrodynamic responses in the following respects: (1) more stable motion responses in heave and pitch against wave and current forces, (2) less susceptible to the viscous damping when it is assumed by a linearized drag force of Morison elements in the frequency domain and (3) reduction of tension forces in the mooring lines. Interestingly, the pitch motion response of COSPAR fish cage in the frequency domain is in close agreement with the time domain result due to its greater pitching stiffness that reduces nonlinear effects from viscous drag and mooring interaction.
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YIGIT, M., B. CELIKKOL, M. BULUT, R. DWYER, J. DECEW, B. OZALP, S. YILMAZ, et al. "Monitoring of trace metals, biochemical composition and growth of Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne Risso, 1827) in offshore Copper alloy net cage." Mediterranean Marine Science 17, no. 2 (February 12, 2016): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1297.
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The study was conducted to assess trace metal contents, biochemical composition and growth performance of axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne Risso, 1827) cultured in a copper alloy mesh cage. A total of 400 axillary seabream (initial mean weight: 176.0±14.0 g), a new candidate species for the Mediterranean aquaculture, were stocked into a high-density polyethylene frame gravity cage and fed a commercial seabream diet for a period of 6 months. At the end of the feeding trial, fish reached a final weight of 264.8±16.8 g with a weight increase of 88.8 g and a feed conversion rate of 2.51. Overall, relative growth rate, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were satisfactory and comparable to the pelagic fishes such as gilthead seabream or European seabass, which are presently the main fish species for the Mediterranean aquaculture industry. Trace elements in fish grown in copper alloy net cages over a 6-month period showed satisfactory results, as the metal concentrations in fish tissues such as liver, skin, muscle and gills were below the reported upper limits for human consumption, indicating that copper alloy net is an acceptable and safe material for finfish cage aquaculture. Furthermore, from the growth performance data obtained in the present study, it can be concluded that axillary seabream showed potential for cage farming, and thus is a promising new candidate for the Mediterranean aquaculture industry.
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Farabi, SMV. "Investigation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) culture in marine floating cages in the Southern Caspian Sea." Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology 9, no. 6 (2020): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2020.09.00296.
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There is no long history of fish farming cages in the southern Caspian Sea. The rainbow trout is one of the most important fish raised in the last decade in this sea. The aim of this study was to determine the growth performance and survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in floating cages in the south of the Caspian Sea. In this study, circular polyethylene floating cages with a diameter of 20 meters and a net height of 8 meters were used. The cages were located at a depth of 32 meters in the sea and at a distance of 5.6km from the shore. This research was conducted in 2017-2018 in a marine farm in the central region of the southern Caspian Sea. The fish culture period was 165days from December to May of the following year. For each cage, 37400±570 fish weighing 110±28grams and a fork length of 19.9±1.9cm were introduced. After 165 days, the average weight of fish reached 1200±168g in the marine fish farm. But, the fish yield was supplied with a weight of 700g to the local market, from March and continued to June of the following year (1200g). Fish average daily growth (ADG:g/day) was 6.61±1.02. The value feed conversion ratio of fish and the condition factor was determined 1.03±0.07and 1.42±0.05respectively. The fish special growth rate (SGR:%day-1) was determined1.44±0.09.The fish survival rate (SR%) at the end of during culture wasdetermined95.6±1.07 in cages. The results showed that the growth performance of rainbow trout was suitable in the Caspian Sea's brackish water in floating cages.
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Roncarati, A., M. C. T. Meligrana, F. Laus, and A. Spaterna. "Quality Traits of Fillet of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) of Two Market Sizes Reared according to an “Antibiotic-Free” Approach." Journal of Food Quality 2019 (July 24, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2614235.
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Rearing of “antibiotic-free” fish is becoming one of the most important goals to be achieved in the near future. Strategies are going to be adopted to increase nonspecific immune system and biosecurity in fish farming. To show the quality traits of gilthead sea breams reared under a prescription of “antibiotic-free” (ABF), two different market sizes (R: about 350 g and M: about 490 g) were analysed at the end of the farming cycle performed in a floating cage plant in the Adriatic sea, in the Gulf of Valona (Albania). Proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined in April and June 2018. The omega-3 content demonstrated that the ABF samples collected according to the fish size and the harvest month can be defined as “rich in omega-3,” in compliance with the Annex to the Regulation (EC) n. 1924/2006, with a trend to increase in relation to fish growth.
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Cyrino, José Eurico Possebon, and Fernando Kubitza. "Diets for feed training peacock bass Cichla sp." Scientia Agricola 60, no. 4 (December 2003): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162003000400001.
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The use of prized, carnivorous fish species such as the peacock bass Cichla sp. in either intensive farming or sport fishing demand specific knowledge on feed conditioning strategies for those species. One thousand and fifteen 0.5-g fingerlings were trained for 7 days to feed on ground fish flesh (GF). Seven hundred and seventy six (76%) fish (0.63 ± 0.03 g) feeding on GF were stocked into twelve 0.03-m³ net cages (63 fish/cage) and submitted to gradual feed ingredient transition (GFIT) weaning technique. Moist pellets with 90, 80, 70 or 60% GF (GF-90, GF-80, GF-70 or GF-60, respectively) were offered during the first 4 days of GFIT. No fish accepted GF-00 at the end of GFIT. Fish started on GF-90 or GF-80 fed well until GF dietary levels dropped below 40%. To improve acceptance of pellets containing 30% or less GF, a second trial with four 0.03-m³ net cages stocked with 120, 0.5-g fish feeding on GF was designed. Fish fed on a sequence of moist pellets containing 90, 80, 70, 60, 50 or 40% GF for 3 days. Approximately 81% of the fish accepted GF-40; they were pooled and restocked into nine 0.03-m³ net cages and weaned to GF-00 with a sequence of diets containing 30, 20 and 10% GF plus: 1) a meat-flavored dry, commercial feed (MEAT); 2) a fish-flavored dry, commercial feed (FISH); or 3) MEAT plus 10% krill meal (KM). Fish accepted fish-flavored pellets better than meat-flavored pellets. Addition of 10% krill meal to a meat-flavored feed improved pellet acceptance, even when ground fish flesh comprised only 10% of the feed. However, no fish accepted GF-00 pellets at the end of this study.
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Edea, Géoffroy Olayèmi, Lambert Cloud Hinvi, Youssouf Abou, and Armand Bienvenu Gbangboche. "Growth and Body Development of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fattened in Floating Cages Based on Commercial Feed in Benin." Journal of Biology and Life Science 11, no. 1 (September 25, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v11i1.15259.
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This work evaluates the growth and body development of Oreochromis niloticus in floating cages in the Toho Lake of Benin. Thus, 6000 juvenile monosex male with an average initial weight of 8.87 ± 4.89 g and average initial total length of 7.87 ± 1.43 cm were randomly distributed in two floating cages (5 x 5 x 2.5 m3) at the stocking density of 3000 fish/cage. The fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation, three times daily, using 45-32% crude protein commercial pelleted floating feed Skretting®. The physico-chemical parameters of lake water recorded every 72 hours during the experiment were within the suitable ranges for fish culture and were as follows: temperature (27.78 ± 0.41 °C), pH (7.55 ± 0.22), dissolved oxygen (4.03 ± 0.96 mg/l), ammonium (0.31 ± 0.18 mg/l), nitrite (0.29 ± 0.07 mg/l) and nitrate (0.27 ± 0.12 mg/l). The variables studied at the end of the 215 days of rearing were as follows: final mean total length (26.61 ± 2.99 cm), final mean standard length (22.40 ± 2.74 cm), final mean predorsal length (6.93 ± 0.94 cm), final mean head length (3.45 ± 0.58 cm), final mean dorsal fin base length (13.55 ± 2.96 cm), final mean inter-orbital width (2.97 ± 0.37 cm), final mean body height (8.57 ± 1.56 cm) and final mean caudal peduncle height (3.27 ± 0.39 cm). The zootechnical growth parameters evaluated were as follows: survival rate (91.5%), final mean body weight (402.18 ± 137.05 g), average daily weight gain (1.83 ± 0.08 g), specific growth rate (0.77 ± 0.03%/day), feed conversion ratio (1.74 ± 0.09%) and protein efficiency ratio (1.62 ± 0.06). These results compared to the literature indicate interesting growth and body development and it would be important to promote in-cage farming of Oreochromis niloticus.
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Bhuiya, MSU, MM Karim, and SMA Hossain. "Study on integrated farming systems model development." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 12, no. 2 (July 12, 2016): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v12i2.28692.
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Study on Integrated Farming Systems Model Development was conducted by the Livelihood Improvement of Farming Community in Haor area through System approach Project of the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultral University, Mymensigh worked in Purbo Tethulia village of Moahjganj upazilla, Netrakona district from April 2010 to June 2013 with the financial assistance from the National Agricultural Technology Project, SPGR subproject, Bangladesh Agricultural Council with the following objectives i. Increase productivity of field crops, vegetables, livestock and fishes in a household through the use of appropriate technogies and techniques devised/developed/ designed/refined by the farmers for ensuring household food security and nutritional upliftment and raising income ii. Diversify enterprises, mobilize resources and intensify farming and non farming activities for in situ employment generation iii. Conserve farm environment through efficient mobilization and management of natural resource for sustainable production sysyems iv. Develop human resoures for capacity building of the participants and improve their livelihood through system approach. Research programme was finalized in the Bench Mark Survey Workshop. Farmer selection for different research acivities was done as per plan for defferent five components. The crop and agroforestry component conducted experiments both in the homestead land and crop land. In the homestead area, year round vegetables were intervened through community trial for three years. Production of timber trees like mahogany, lambu and fruit trees like mango, guave, jujube, litchi, lemon papaya and jackfruit was also practiced. Timber trees are now at growing stage and among the fruit trees some like papaya, jujube and lemon are at bearing stage. African dhaincha was introduced around homestead fallow/waste land to protect homestead area from wave thrust and to produce biomass fuel. Field trials on rice, vegetables, spices and oil crops were conducted to intensify and diversify the cropping pattern and as well as to utilize the fallow/ waste land of the research site. Under livestock component, experiments were conducted on rearing of egg producing hen, duck, fattening of animals, milching cow, artificial insemination and chemical evaluation of available feedstuffs. A continuous vaccination programme against common diseases of poultry was maintained throughout the study period. Farmers response was very positive towards the experimental results. In the fisheries component, experiment on cage culture in open water, perennial and seasonal pond culture, dry fish and pickle were conducted/done. Among the experiments cage culture in open water proved to be a promising technology and fish pickle was highly appreciated in panel test. For the rural hydrology and mechanization component four studies were conducted. The physico-chemical properties of farm land and homestead soils were determined. Additional application of sulphur and zinc fertilizers were found not required. Both the surface and groundwater characteristics were studied. The maximum flood water depth was found around 3.0 m at farm land. Irrigation facilities developed by installing a shallow tubewell (STW) resulted higher crop production and motivated farmers to install four new STWs by their own capital. All the households (462) of Purbo Tethulia were intervened from the project. The interventions were crop, vegetable, livestock, poultry and fish farming. It was observed that as the number of enterprises increased in the farming systems, the income also increased. The evidence also showed that the training of the beneficiaries increased their knowledge and skill.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 325-336, December 2014
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Chor, Wei Kang, Victor Charlie Andin, Chitra Devi Gopalakrishnan, Amierah Amer, Shaheera Mohamed, Hiroyoshi Matsumoto, and Leong Seng Lim. "A comparative analysis of the effect of low-cost fish and commercially compounded feed on growth performance and organoleptic quality of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) in cage farming in Kuala Penyu, Sabah, and nutritional costs." Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture (BJoMSA) 4, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/bjomsa.v4i1.2049.
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A 25-week feeding trial was conducted to assess the growth performance, organoleptic quality, and to estimate the viability of nourishing hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) with low-cost fish (LCF) and commercially compound feed (CCF). A group of 3600 juvenile fish (182g) were released in four sea cages and fed with either LCF or CCF in duplicate. At the end of the trial, the hybrid grouper provided LCF attained a significantly higher (P<0.05) final body weight (971.00±24.04g) than those fed with CCF (838.50±17.68g). While the estimated feed cost of hybrid grouper fed with LCF (RM7.84 ± 0.45) was lower than those fed with CCF (RM9.28 ± 0.37), no significant difference was found in the fish survival and there was no clear bias in consumer preferences for either fish fed with LCF or CCF (P>0.05). Although technicalities of fish fed with LCF suggest that LCF is more efficient than CCF, feeding LCF to high-value fish is an unsustainable practice as LCF is usually obtained through trawling – a destructive fishing method for the marine ecosystem. Therefore, feeding with CCF without the use of LCF as the source of protein for its fishmeal will contribute to sustainable aquaculture. In order to convince the local farmers in Sabah to adopt the practice of feeding CCF, future research should focus on completing the species-specific diet formulation to promote optimum growth, and find ways to reduce the CCF local selling price.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cage fish farming. eng"
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Alves, Rachel Cristina Prehl. "Monitoramento de características físico-químicas da água e taxas de sedimentação de tripton no Córrego da Arribada (Baixo Tietê-SP) relacionadas à piscicultura em tanques-rede /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86702.
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Orientador: Ana Eliza Baccarin LeonardoBanca: Abílio Lopes de Oliveira Neto
Banca: Antonio Fernando Monteiro Camargo
Resumo: A água é usada para os mais variados fins: abastecimento, irrigação, geração de energia elétrica, lazer, aqüicultura, local de despejo de efluentes domésticos e industriais, etc. No caso da aqüicultura, a criação em tanques-rede introduz diretamente no corpo d'água uma grande quantidade de matéria orgânica. Essa atividade pode contribuir para acelerar os processos de eutrofização do meio devido aos aportes de nutrientes e material em suspensão provenientes, principalmente, do excedente de alimento, fezes e excretas dos peixes. Estudos sobre os impactos causados por essa atividade podem fornecer dados para uma gestão ambiental que permita otimizar o uso múltiplo dos recursos hídricos sem que haja maiores danos ao ambiente aquático. Este trabalho procurou fazer uma caracterização limnológica e uma avaliação do impacto da criação em tanques-rede de tilápia (Orechromis sp.) no córrego da Arribada (Bacia do Baixo-Tietê), que é represado pelo reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Nova Avanhandava, no Rio Tietê, SP. A área destinada à piscicultura é de 4ha de espelho d'água e foi projetada para 200 tanques-rede com volume de 18m3 cada. Em sete pontos distribuídos estrategicamente na região onde foi instalado o sistema de cultivo foram analisados as seguintes variáveis: temperatura, concentração e saturação de oxigênio dissolvido, pH, transparência, e taxas de sedimentação de fósforo total, ortofosfato, nitrogênio amoniacal, nitrito, nitrato e material em suspensão por meio de câmaras de sedimentação. Os resultados mostraram mais padrões temporais que espaciais, com queda acentuada na concentração e saturação de oxigênio dissolvido e aumento nas taxas de sedimentação de fósforo total e nitrato. Apesar do impacto causado apresentar tendências preocupantes, concluiu-se que neste estudo de caso, a produção em tanques-rede é viável ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Water is used to multiple uses: water supply, irrigation, power generation, leisure, aquaculture, place of discharge of home and industrial wastes, etc. In aquaculture, cage fish farming releases a great amount of organic matter directly into the water body. This activity can accelerate the water eutrophication process due to the input of dissolved nutrients and suspended matter, mainly by diet wastes, feces and fish excreta. Studies about environmental impacts caused by this activity can provide a support for a better environmental management that allows the use of water resources without over degradation of the ecosystem. This work aimed to make a limnological characterization and evaluation of the environmental impact of cage culture of Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) in the stream of Arribada (Tietê river basin - Brazil). This stream is partially impounded by the reservoir of the hydroelectric power station of Nova Avanhandava. The culture is placed in an area of 4ha and it is planned the installation of 200 cages of 18 m3 each one. Till December 2004, there were 180 cages, each one with 1500 to 1800kg of fish production per harvest period. Seven sampling points were strategic placed in the area where was installed the cage fish farming to analise temperature, concentration and saturation of dissolved oxigen, pH, depth and total phosphorus, ortophosfate, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and susppended matter sedimentation ratios. The results have shown more temporal then spacial patterns, with drops in concentration and saturation of dissolved oxigen in water and increase of total phosphorus and nitrate sedimentation ratios. Despite of the warning tendences, we concluded that in this study of case, the impact caused by the activity, the cage fish farming is possible, since some precautions shall be taken to avoid degradation of the water body.
Mestre
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Alexandre, Juliana Sversut de 1984. "Taxa de alimentação e freqüência alimentar para surubins criados em tanque de rede : desempenho produtivo e digestibilidade de proteína /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96257.
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Orientador: Claudio Angelo AgostinhoBanca: Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
Banca: Dalton José Carneiro
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo de surubins criados em tanque-rede, alimentados com taxa de 4 e 8% do peso vivo e em três freqüências (6, 12 e 24 refeições diárias) no período noturno durante 47 dias. Foram utilizados pintados com 24,2g de peso médio, distribuídos em 18 tanques-rede de 1 m³ na densidade de 60 peixes/m³. Os tanques-rede foram distribuídos linearmente em um reservatório de 2000 m² com profundidade média de 2 metros e renovação diária de 60 litros/minuto. Foi utilizada uma ração comercial com 40% de PB e para o fornecimento foram utilizados alimentadores automáticos. Os índices zootécnicos avaliados foram: peso médio final (PMF), ganho de peso diário (GPD), ganho de peso total (GPT), conversão alimentar aparente (CAA) e comprimento padrão (CP). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e os dados analisados como fatorial de 3x2 com três repetições. Observou-se interação entre as taxas e freqüências utilizadas. Quando fornecida a taxa de 4% do peso vivo, a freqüência de 24 vezes gerou maior desempenho (P<0,05); no entanto, quando oferecida a taxa de 8% do PV, a freqüência de 12 vezes foi melhor. O fornecimento da taxa de 8% resultou em melhores ganhos, quando comparada a taxa de 4% do PV (P<0,05), para PMF, GPT, GPD e CP. A composição química do filé não foi influenciada pelos tratamentos. Conclui-se que o melhor desempenho produtivo foi gerado quando foi ofertado 8% do PV de ração em 12 refeições diárias e que estas variáveis (freqüência x taxa) são instrumentos valiosos para o desempenho desta espécie
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of surubins reared in cages, fed with a rate of 4 and 8% of body weight (BW) and in three frequencies (6, 12 and 24 meals a day) at night for 47 days. It was used pintado fishes with 24.2g of average weight, distributed in 18 cages of 1 m³ density of 60 fishes / m³. The cages were distributed linearly in a pond of 2000 m2 with an average depth of 2 meters and daily water renewal of 60 liters per minute. It was used a commercial feed with 40% crude protein (CP) and this feed was provided by automatic feeders. The animal science parameters were evaluated: final average weight (FAW), daily weight gain (DWG), total weight gain (TWG), apparent feed conversion ratio (AFCR) and standard length (SL). The experiment was conducted in a randomized design and the analyzed data as a 3x2 factorial design with three replications. Interaction was observed between the rates and frequencies. When it was given the rate of 4% BW, the frequency of 24 times generated higher performance (P <0.05), however, when it was offered a rate of 8% of BW, the frequency of 12 times was better. The supply rate of 8% resulted in improved the WG compared to a rate of 4% BW (P <0.05) for FAW, TWG, DWG and CP. The chemical composition of the fillet was not affected by treatments. It was concluded that the best performance was generated when it was offered 8% BW feed in 12 meals a day and that these variables (frequency x rate) are valuable tools for the performance of this kind
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Asmah, Ruby. "Development potential and financial viability of fish farming in Ghana." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/461.
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The potential for aquaculture development to make up for an annual 400,000mt shortfall in domestic fish supply was investigated. This involved an overview of the sector to determine its trends and operations and identifying strengths and constraints, a financial viability assessment of the sector, based on mode and levels of operation of existing farms, an assessment of the market and trade for cultured fish with a focus on Oreochromis niloticus, and finally, a GIS approach to update and reassess the potential for aquaculture development in Ghana. Data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources, the former, via fish farmer, dealers and consumer questionnaire surveys. Results of the study showed that interests in fish farming continue to grow with an overall annual average growth rate of 16% since 2000. The existing farms, 1300 in number were however very small with a mean farm size of 0.36ha and a median 0.06ha of which commercial farms accounted for less than 3%. Based on sizes, mode of operation and levels of input and output, five subsistence farm types were identified. Mean production from these pond-based farms ranged from 1436kg/ha/yr- to 4,423kg/ha/yr while that of a medium sized intensive commercial pond farm was 45,999kg/ha/yr. Commercial farming accounted for about 75% of 2006 aquaculture production. The main strength identified was the growing interest in both commercial and non-commercial fish farming and the main constraints were lack of quality seed, low levels of technical support and of knowledge in fish farming practices among non-commercial farmers. Net profits of commercial farms ranged from GH¢ 3,341 (US$3480)/ha/yr to GH¢ 51,444 (US$ 53,587)/ha/yr with payback from 1 to 4yrs, IRR at 35% to 105% and NPV from GH¢ 5,898 to GH¢ 236,412. By contrast, only two of the five non-commercial farm types made positive net returns ranging, from GH¢158 to GH¢1100/ha/yr, with minimum payback period of 14yrs, NPVs of less than 1 and the best IRR being just 4%, when initial capital requirements are full costed. Uncosted family labour inputs and negligible land opportunity costs improved viabilities for two farm types, where net returns/ha/yr increased by more than 50%, minimum payback dropped to 2 years, NPV from GH¢ 4839 to GH¢ 9330 and minimum IRR of 45%. Main constraints identified as affecting the profitability of subsistence farming were the relatively low prices of fish and the low levels of output which could be improved through better farming practices. From the market survey, a huge market potential for tilapia was identified with a current supply deficit of 41,000mt. The most preferred sizes by consumers and with potentially good market price for traders were those weighing at least 200g. For dealers, trading in cultured fish was found to be more profitable than trading wild capture tilapia because of lower wholesaler prices, gross profit margins were GH¢ 0.49/kg and GH¢ 0.25/kg respectively. Preference for tilapia was influenced by taste, availability, and its perceived health benefit. A key constraint to the sector was poor post-harvest handling and preservation of the fish resulting in shorter shelf life. From the GIS study, 2% (3,692 km2) of available land area was identified as very suitable for subsistence and about 0.2% (313.8km2) for commercial farming. A further 97.4% and 84.0% were identified as suitable for subsistence and commercial farming respectively. Areas with potential for cage culture were also identified, which were largely in the southern and mid-sections of the country. The overall conclusions are that based on natural resource requirements, market potential and financial viability, Ghana has the potential to totally make up the shortfall in domestic fish supply through aquaculture production. The current 400,000mt shortfall in domestic fish production can be achieved by 2020 by increasing overall aquaculture production by 60% per annum.
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Novaes, Alex Frederico de. "Volumes de tanques-rede na produção da tilápia-do-nilo : estudo de caso /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86682.
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Orientador: Maria Inez Espagnoli Geraldo MartinsBanca: João Donato Scorvo Filho
Banca: Teresa Cristina Ribeiro Dias Koberstein
Resumo: Nos últimos anos, a demanda pelo pescado tem aumentado significativamente. Atualmente, a pesca, que contribui com a maior parte deste produto, vem apresentando estagnação, ou ligeira queda na oferta em alguns anos como foi o caso de 2006. Em contrapartida, a aquicultura moderna, que passa por grandes avanços científicos e tecnológicos, vem suprindo esta deficiência no mercado. O Brasil, detentor de 12% de toda água doce mundial, deverá se tornar brevemente um grande produtor no cenário mundial. Um dos grandes diferenciais do país, além de possuir clima favorável, é a disponibilidade de grandes reservatórios, que tem sido aproveitado para o cultivo de peixes em tanques-rede. O presente estudo, desenvolvido em piscicultura comercial, no Reservatório de Furnas, curso médio do rio Grande, município de São José da Barra MG teve como objetivo comparar os principais indicadores zootécnicos e econômicos da tilapicultura em sistema super-intensivo (tanques-rede) em duas diferentes dimensões 6 e 18 m3. Foram utilizados 12.960 juvenis machos revertidos da tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Durante todo o período experimental, os peixes receberam ração extrusada especial para tilápias em cultivos super-intensivo e a oferta variou de acordo com a biomassa e temperatura da água, iniciando com 8% e decrescendo até 1%. Foram avaliados os seguintes índices zootécnicos: sobrevivência (%), peso médio (g), biomassa (kg), ganho de biomassa (kg), ganho em peso diário (g), conversão alimentar aparente e densidade (kg/m3). A análise econômica foi elaborada a partir da determinação do custo total de produção e do lucro de cada tratamento. Os dados deste estudo permitem concluir que, embora não diferindo nos principais indicadores zootécnicos, a produção de tilápias em tanques-rede de maior dimensão proporcionou menor custo total médio e maior rentabilidade
Abstract: In the past few years, demand for fish has increased significantly. At present, fishing, which contributes with the largest part of this product, has shown stagnation or slight falling in the offer in some years, as in the case of 2006. On the other hand, modern aquiculture, with technological and scientific improvement, has been supplying this deficit on the market. Brazil, with 12% of the world's fresh water, will probably become one of the greatest consumers soon. Besides the favorable weather, there is also the availability of large reservoirs, which has been used for the growing of fish in net cage. The present study, developed at Furnas reservoir, medium course of Grande river, in São José da Barra/MG, had as its aim compare the economic and zootechnic indicators of tilapiculture in super intensive system net cages in two different dimensions 6 and 18 m3. 12,960 reversed male juvenils from Nile tilapia were used (Oreochromis niloticus). During the experiment the fish received (extrusada) special ration for tilapia in super intensive culture and the offer varied according to the biomass and water temperature, beginning with 8% and decreasing until 1%. The following zootechnic indexes were evaluated: survival (%), average weight (g), biomass (kg), gain of biomass (kg), gain of daily weight (g), apparent nutritional conversion and density (kg/m3). The economic analysis was made after the determination of the total cost of the production and the profit of each treatment. The data in this study allows the conclusion that the production of tilapia in (net cages) of bigger dimension offered bigger rentability
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Faccioli, Claudemir Kuhn. "Estudos morfológicos e histoquímicos do tubo digestivo de Hemisorubim platyrhynchos (Valenciennes, 1840) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86660.
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Orientador: Carlos Alberto VicentiniBanca: Elyara Maria Pereira da Silva
Banca: Lilian Cristina Makino
Resumo: O conhecimento das características morfológicas do tubo digestivo, associado aos processos de digestão e absorção, é essencial para a compreensão da fisiologia e nutrição de peixes, auxiliando no planejamento de dietas para a criação e manejo de animais com potencial para piscicultura. Assim sendo, este trabalho descreveu o tubo digestivo de Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, por meio de estudos macroscópicos, histológicos, histoquímicos de mucossubstâncias e ultraestruturais (microscopia eletrônica de varredura e de transmissão). A estrutura do tubo digestivo de H. platyrhynchos é típica de peixes carnívoros, composta por esôfago curto e distensível, estômago volumoso e muscular e intestino curto, com pregas longitudinais que diminuem em direção à região posterior. O esôfago apresentou a camada mucosa revestida por epitélio estratificado pavimentoso, cujas células epiteliais em MET mostraram microssaliências digitiformes, além de "club cells" com citoplasma homogêneo e poucas organelas e células caliciformes com citoplasma repleto de grânulos de secreção. O estômago foi morfologicamente dividido em região cárdica, fúndica e pilórica, com camada mucosa composta por epitélio simples colunar (com mucossubstâncias apicais protetoras) e porção glandular bem desenvolvida nas regiões cárdica e fúndica. A região pilórica aglandular apresentou camada muscular espessa (esfíncter pilórico). O intestino apresentou epitélio simples colunar e células caliciformes aumentando em número na região posterior. As células secretoras apresentaram características morfológicas e histoquímicas distintas em cada segmento do tubo digestivo: células caliciformes esofágicas (muco neutro e ácido, carboxilado e sulfatado); células epiteliais gástricas (muco neutro); células caliciformes no intestino anterior, médio, posterior e células epiteliais na região retal (muco neutro e ácido, carboxilado e sulfatado)
Abstract: The knowledge of the morphological features of the digestive tract, associated with the digestion and absorption processes is essential for the understanding of fish nutrition and physiology, assisting in planning diets for the rearing and management of animals with potential for fish farming. Therefore, this paper describes the digestive tract of Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, by macroscopic, histological, histochemical of mucosubstances and ultrastructural studies (scanning and transmission electron microscopy). The structure of the digestive tract of H. platyrhynchos is typical of carnivorous fish, consisting of short and distensible esophagus, large and muscular stomach, and short intestine with longitudinal folds which decrease towards the posterior region. The esophagus presented the mucosa layer lined by stratified squamous epithelium, which epithelial cells in MET showed fingerprint-like microridges, "club cells" with homogeneous cytoplasm and few organelles and goblet cells filled with secretion granules. The stomach was morphologically divided into the region cardic, fundic and pyloric, with the mucosa layer composed of simple columnar epithelium (with protective mucosubstances apical) and well-developed glandular portion of the cardic and fundic regions. The aglandular pyloric region showed thick muscular layer (pyloric sphincter). The intestine showed simple columnar epithelium and goblet cells increasing in number in the posterior region. The secretory cells showed distinct morphological and histochemical features in each segment of the digestive tract: esophageal goblet cells (neutral and acid mucus, carboxylated and sulfated), gastric epithelial cells (mucus neutral), goblet cells in the anterior, middle and posterior intestine and epithelial cells in the rectal portion (neutral and acid mucus, carboxylated and sulfated)
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Oliva, Rafael Augusto [UNESP]. "Logística de suprimentos: uma análise das atividades entre produtores de tilápia e frigoríficos na UHE de Ilha Solteira/SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/147115.
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Esta dissertação teve o objetivo de analisar como a logística auxilia no processo de suprimento físico de tilápias, entre piscicultor e frigorífico, tendo como delimitação de estudo a UHE de Ilha Solteira/SP. Além disso, verificou-se quais fatores logísticos influenciam o manejo dessa espécie de peixe. As justificativas levam em conta o cenário atual com maior nível de concorrência entre as empresas e, nesse âmbito, a logística se destaca no planejamento e na condução articulada de uma empresa, independentemente de seu porte. A abordagem teórica da dissertação analisou os aspectos de dois temas: a logística e a piscicultura, contemplando suas características, classificações e conceitos. Dessa forma, no primeiro bloco teórico, foram abordados o sistema logístico e seus conceitos, bem como as definições e características aplicadas ao agronegócio. Além disso, foram realizadas a caracterização do transporte e a logística integrada no agronegócio, com relação a mecanismos de escoamento da produção. O segundo bloco teórico relacionou aspectos da piscicultura, quanto à sua origem e definição, com foco no sistema em tanques-rede e suas características. A metodologia utilizada contou com pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório, com a descrição das etapas da pesquisa, a caracterização da região de estudo e seus aspectos produtivos, a conceituação da ferramenta de busca e as formas de análise. No que tange à pesquisa de campo, entrevistas semiestruturadas entre piscicultores e frigoríficos serviram de base para um estudo múltiplo de caso. Evidenciou-se que as atividades e práticas envolvidas no suprimento físico de tilápias são realizadas com os cuidados devidos nas atividades de despesca, pesagem, carregamento, transporte e descarregamento, sempre com a finalidade de minimizar as perdas por mortalidade, principal fator de impacto na falta de qualidade da produção. Pôde-se identificar que o sistema logístico utilizado é dificultado pela ausência de sistemas de informação voltados ao acompanhamento de cargas e monitoramento remoto das condições dos peixes, a fim de potencializar a gestão da qualidade da tilápia que se destina ao abate.
This dissertation had the objective of analyzing how logistics helps in the process of tilapia physical supply between the fish producer and the fridge, and it has the Hydro-Power Complex from Ilha Solteira as the delimitation of this study. Besides that, it was verified which logistic factors influence the handling of this kind of fish. The reasons for this study take account the current scenario with a higher level of competitiveness between the enterprises and, in this context, logistics is important in the planning and in the articulated conduction of a company, independently of its size. The theoretical approach used in this dissertation analyzed the aspects of two themes: logistics and the fish-farming, showing their characteristics, classifications and definitions. Thus, in the first theoretical part, the logistic system and its concepts were addressed, and the conceptions and characteristics applied in agribusiness as well. In addition, the characterization of the transport and the logistics applied in agribusiness were done, related to the release mechanisms of the production. The second theoretical part related to the fish-farming aspects, about its origin and definition, with the focus on the net-tank system and its characteristics. The methodology used took into account a qualitative research with an exploratory study, with the description of the research stages, the characterization of the studied region and its productive aspects, the conceptualization of the search tool and the ways of analysis. In relation to the field research, semi structured interviews between the fish farmers and the fridges served as the basis to a multiple case study. It was verified that the activities and practices related to the physical supply of tilapia are made with the proper precautions in the fish removal, weighing, loading, transportation and unloading activities between the fish-farmer and the fridge, in order to minimize losses due to mortality, the main reason of lack of quality in the production. We could identify which the lack of the systems information aimed at the cargo tracking and the remote monitoring about the fish conditions, in order to enhance the quality management of the tilapia for slaughter, make the used logistic system more difficult.
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Farias, Renato Aparecido de. "A piscicultura como possível fator de mitigação aos riscos de contaminação mercurial através do consumo de peixes na região da Amazônia norte matogrossense /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100193.
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Resumo: A região amazônica foi alvo de intensa atividade garimpeira nas décadas de 80 e 90. Esta atividade vinculada à utilização intensiva de mercúrio no processo de amalgamação do ouro, gerou uma preocupação mundial com a região, uma vez que acidentes com mortes e seqüelas já ocorreram em países ao redor do mundo devido à exposição direta e indireta ao mercúrio A presença do mercúrio antropogênico no ambiente amazônico, com possíveis contaminações dos seus ecossistemas aquáticos, e conseqüente contaminação dos peixes preocupa, principalmente sendo estes, uma das principais vias de acesso aos seres humanos na exposição indireta ao metal. Esta preocupação aumenta ainda mais, uma vez que os peixes na Amazônia são a principal fonte protéica para ribeirinhos e pequenos produtores rurais. Assim se torna necessário, além da determinação dos níveis de mercúrio, a identificação de propostas práticas para mitigar os riscos a saúde das populações da região. Este estudo apresenta tópicos relacionados ao mercúrio na Amazônia brasileira, caracterizando seu ciclo biogeoquímico e a presença deste metal na biota aquática, enfocando inicialmente a contaminação de peixes por mercúrio nos ecossistemas naturais, e posteriormente insere a piscicultura, de sistemas semi intensivo e intensivo, como uma nova prática de mitigação para os possíveis danos a saúde humana, decorrente da ingestão de peixes. A inserção da piscicultura nesta temática, segue basicamente o conceito de que, uma vez bem manejada, a piscicultura limita os fatores da transformação do mercúrio metálico, quando presente no ambiente, para o metil mercúrio, a forma tóxica do metal e meio de entrada na cadeia trófica.Abstract: The amazonian region was the object of intensive gold explotaitaion in the 1980's and 90's. The intensive use of mercury in the amalgamation process became a worldwide concern as the aftereffects of direct and indirect mercury exposure were becoming apparent in other countries. The presence of anthropogenic mercury in the Amazonian environment, related to possible contamination of its aquatic ecosystems and imminent fish contamination, is an issue of high concern largely because food contamination is one of the main ways of human contamination. This concern increases due to the fact that amazonian fishes are the main protein source for the rural inhabitants. As such, it is necessary to determine the actual levels of mercury in the fishes and identify practical ways of mitigating health risks to the local population. This study exposes the problem of mercury contamination on fish in the Brazilian Amazon by describing mercury's biogeochemical cycle and its presence in the aquatic biota, initially focusing on the contamination of fish by mercury through bioaccumulation and biomagnification in natural ecosystems. The study finally proposes intensive and semi-intensive fish farming as a new activity to be taken into account to mitigate the harmful risks to human health due to ingestion of Amazonian fish. The rational of using fish farming as a mitigation activity is that once it is well managed, fish farming limits the transformation factors of mercury to its toxic form, metal mercury, and its pathway into the trophic chain.
Orientador: Roberto Goitein
Coorientadora: Sandra de Souza Hacon
Banca: Claudinei da Cruz
Banca: Alfredo Martins Paiva Filho
Banca: Augusto Shinyia Abe
Banca: Isabella Braz Cardone
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Borges, Ana Kleiber Pessoa. "Despoluição de águas superficiais e efluentes de piscicultura através de sistemas construídos de áreas alagadas (Constructed Wetland) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103934.
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Resumo: A disponibilidade de água no globo terrestre tende a estar comprometida devido à atividade antrópica desordenada. Grande proporção da água doce encontra-se muito prejudicada em decorrência da crescente poluição, que poderia ser minimizada pela ampliação de programas de investimentos na área de saneamento. O grande problema enfrentado pelos países do terceiro mundo e também por aqueles em desenvolvimento em relação ao saneamento, é o alto custo atual dos projetos e de suas implantações, envolvendo maior endividamento e remanejamento de recursos de outros setores, também considerados essenciais e prioritários, como saúde e educação. Trata-se do sistema construído de área alagada "Constructed Wetland" (CWs), que internacionalmente se expandiu nestas ultimas três décadas. O objetivo deste presente projeto foi verificar a eficácia deste tipo de sistema, em escala de laboratório, mantido em fluxo contínuo, vegetado com Eichhornia crassipes e/ou Pistia stratiotes em diferentes tempos de detecção hidráulica, no tratamento de águas superficiais contaminadas com esgotos domésticos, do Rio Corumbataí, município de Rio Claro, SP. A eficiência do sistema "CWs" variou com o tempo de tratamento e foi dependente do parâmetro estudado da água do rio Corumbataí. O CWs usado neste estudo mostrou-se eficiente para o tratamento da água do rio Corumbataí. O reator contendo E. crassipes foi mais eficiente para a remoção de poluentes da água que aquele com P. stratiotes. Verificou-se que o conhecimento prévio da composição do efluente a ser tratado é importante para o estabelecimento dos parâmetros a serem analisados, como também para definição do projeto de construção dos CWs. Além disso, tais características também contribuem para a definição do tempo de residência no intuito de se obter maior eficiência do tratamento utilizadoAbstract: The availability of water on Earth could be compromised due to the disordered human activity. Large proportion of the fresh water is damaged due to growing pollution, which could be minimized by increasing investments in area of sanitization. The major problem faced by the countries of the third world and also for those in development, in relation to the sanitation, it is the high cost of projects and their implantations that leads to increase the debt and consequently less resources for health and education. The possibility of conciliation of an efficient project with low cost has been developed intensely in Europe and in the United States, since 1970. This project is the Constructed Wetland (CWs) that is increasing its use internationally since three decades ago. The objective of this present project was to verify the effectiveness of this system in laboratory scale using vegetation with Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes and continuous flow in different times of hydraulic detention. The treatment was applied for superficial waters from river "Rio Corumbataí" located at Rio Claro - SP, and polluted by domestic sewers. The efficiency of the system "CWs" varied with the time of treatment and it was dependent of the analyzed parameter of the water from river Corumbataí. CWs used in this study were shown efficient for the treatment of the water from river Corumbataí. The reactor containing E. crassipes went more efficient for the removal of pollutant of the water rather than with P. stratiotes. It was verified that the previous knowledge of the composition of the effluent to be treated is important for establishment of the parameters to be analyzed, as well as for definition of the project based in construction of CWs. Besides, such characteristics also contribute to the definition of the residence time with intention of obtaining better efficiency for the chosen treatment
Orientador: Sâmia Maria Tauk-Tornisielo
Coorientador: Roberto Naves Domingos
Banca: Antonia Marli dos Santos
Banca: Carlos Renato Corso
Banca: Cassiana Maria Reganhan Coneglian
Banca: Plínio Barbosa de Camargo
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Alves, Rachel Cristina Prehl [UNESP]. "Monitoramento de características físico-químicas da água e taxas de sedimentação de tripton no Córrego da Arribada (Baixo Tietê-SP) relacionadas à piscicultura em tanques-rede." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86702.
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alves_rcp_me_jabo.pdf: 2216450 bytes, checksum: 3a9202bb2a67f1b43fa4f21f4c14b6ea (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A água é usada para os mais variados fins: abastecimento, irrigação, geração de energia elétrica, lazer, aqüicultura, local de despejo de efluentes domésticos e industriais, etc. No caso da aqüicultura, a criação em tanques-rede introduz diretamente no corpo d’água uma grande quantidade de matéria orgânica. Essa atividade pode contribuir para acelerar os processos de eutrofização do meio devido aos aportes de nutrientes e material em suspensão provenientes, principalmente, do excedente de alimento, fezes e excretas dos peixes. Estudos sobre os impactos causados por essa atividade podem fornecer dados para uma gestão ambiental que permita otimizar o uso múltiplo dos recursos hídricos sem que haja maiores danos ao ambiente aquático. Este trabalho procurou fazer uma caracterização limnológica e uma avaliação do impacto da criação em tanques-rede de tilápia (Orechromis sp.) no córrego da Arribada (Bacia do Baixo-Tietê), que é represado pelo reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Nova Avanhandava, no Rio Tietê, SP. A área destinada à piscicultura é de 4ha de espelho d’água e foi projetada para 200 tanques-rede com volume de 18m3 cada. Em sete pontos distribuídos estrategicamente na região onde foi instalado o sistema de cultivo foram analisados as seguintes variáveis: temperatura, concentração e saturação de oxigênio dissolvido, pH, transparência, e taxas de sedimentação de fósforo total, ortofosfato, nitrogênio amoniacal, nitrito, nitrato e material em suspensão por meio de câmaras de sedimentação. Os resultados mostraram mais padrões temporais que espaciais, com queda acentuada na concentração e saturação de oxigênio dissolvido e aumento nas taxas de sedimentação de fósforo total e nitrato. Apesar do impacto causado apresentar tendências preocupantes, concluiu-se que neste estudo de caso, a produção em tanques-rede é viável...
Water is used to multiple uses: water supply, irrigation, power generation, leisure, aquaculture, place of discharge of home and industrial wastes, etc. In aquaculture, cage fish farming releases a great amount of organic matter directly into the water body. This activity can accelerate the water eutrophication process due to the input of dissolved nutrients and suspended matter, mainly by diet wastes, feces and fish excreta. Studies about environmental impacts caused by this activity can provide a support for a better environmental management that allows the use of water resources without over degradation of the ecosystem. This work aimed to make a limnological characterization and evaluation of the environmental impact of cage culture of Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) in the stream of Arribada (Tietê river basin - Brazil). This stream is partially impounded by the reservoir of the hydroelectric power station of Nova Avanhandava. The culture is placed in an area of 4ha and it is planned the installation of 200 cages of 18 m3 each one. Till December 2004, there were 180 cages, each one with 1500 to 1800kg of fish production per harvest period. Seven sampling points were strategic placed in the area where was installed the cage fish farming to analise temperature, concentration and saturation of dissolved oxigen, pH, depth and total phosphorus, ortophosfate, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and susppended matter sedimentation ratios. The results have shown more temporal then spacial patterns, with drops in concentration and saturation of dissolved oxigen in water and increase of total phosphorus and nitrate sedimentation ratios. Despite of the warning tendences, we concluded that in this study of case, the impact caused by the activity, the cage fish farming is possible, since some precautions shall be taken to avoid degradation of the water body.
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Timpone, Ian Taibo. "Impacto dos programas da Secretaria Especial da Aquicultura e Pesca (SEAP) na competitividade da produção aquícola de Teodoro Sampaio e Santa Fé do Sul /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96547.
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Resumo: A Secretaria Especial de Aquicultura e Pesca (SEAP) foi criada para formulação de políticas e diretrizes voltadas ao desenvolvimento e o fomento da produção pesqueira e aquícola no Brasil, executando e avaliando medidas, programas e projetos de apoio ao desenvolvimento da pesca artesanal e industrial. Este estudo realiza uma análise das principais iniciativas estabelecidas pela SEAP a partir de sua criação em 2003 até o ano de 2007, classificando em nível nacional e por regiões brasileiras, os investimentos em capacitação, realização de eventos, logística, pesquisa e produção, considerando suas capacidades de alteração na competitividade aquícola. Analisa ainda a competitividade dos aquicultores das regiões de Teodoro Sampaio e de Santa Fé do Sul, estado de São Paulo, causadas pelas políticas e ações da SEAP nestas regiões. Foram aplicados questionários junto aos assentados e produtores que desenvolvem a atividade nestas regiões, incluindo os beneficiados pelos projetos de Unidades Demonstrativas concedido pela SEAP, identificando a adequação, eficiência e eficácia (técnica, produtiva e econômica) dos programas visando à adequação destas políticas aos produtores.Abstract: The Special Secretariat of Aquaculture and Fisheries (SEAP) was established to formulate policies and guidelines aimed at development and promotion of fisheries and aquaculture production in Brazil, running and evaluating measures, programs and projects to support the development of industrial and artesian fisheries. This study conducts an analysis of the key initiatives established by SEAP from its creation in 2003 until the year 2007, sorting at the national level and Brazilian regions, investments in training, development of events, logistics, research and production, considering their capacity for change in competitiveness aquaculture. It also examines the competitiveness of farmers in regions of Teodoro Sampaio and Santa Fé do Sul, state of São Paulo, caused by the policies and actions of SEAP in these regions. Questionnaires were applied with the settlers and producers who develop the activity in these regions, including the benefit of the projects implemented by SEAP demonstration units, identifying the adequacy, efficiency and effectiveness (technical, productive and cost) of programs to the adequacy of these policies to producers . by the impact and competitiveness of producers.
Orientador: José Gilberto de Souza
Coorientadora: Ana Claudia Gianini Borges
Banca: Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
Banca: Rose Meire Vidotti
Mestre
Books on the topic "Cage fish farming. eng"
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Hasan, Mohammad R. Transition from low-value fish to compound feeds in marine cage farming in Asia. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2012.
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Manan, Zulnaidah binti. The economic valuation of forest conservation benefits: Fisheries habitat, cage fish farming and recreational angling in Pahang. Kuala Lumpur: Forest Department Peninsular Malaysia, 2013.
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Beveridge, Malcolm C. M. Cage and Pen Fish Farming: Carrying Capacity Models and Environmental Impact (Fao Fisheries Technical Paper). Food & Agriculture Org, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Cage fish farming. eng"
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Lien, E. "Tension Leg Cage — A new net pen cage for fish farming." In Fish Farming Technology, 251–58. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077770-42.
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Guldberg, B., A. Kittelsen, M. Rye, and T. Åsgård. "Improved salmon production in large cage systems." In Fish Farming Technology, 241. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077770-40.
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Gunnarsson, J. "Bridgestone Hi-Seas fish cage: Design and documentation." In Fish Farming Technology, 199–201. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077770-33.
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Dunn, M., and K. Dalland. "Observing behaviour and growth using the Simrad FCM 160 fish cage monitoring system." In Fish Farming Technology, 269–74. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077770-45.
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Bjordal, Å., J. EJuell, T. Lindem, and A. Fernö. "Hydroacoustic monitoring and feeding control in cage rearing of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)." In Fish Farming Technology, 203–8. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077770-34.
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Rivera, Patricia, José Gallardo, Cristian Araneda, and Anti Vasemägi. "Sexual Maturation in Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): A Review." In Salmon Aquaculture [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99471.
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The sexual maturation of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar is a multifactorial process in which fish acquire somatic characteristics to reproduce. In salmon farming has been described a high variability in the trait age at maturation derived from wild reproductive strategies. Early maturation is a phenotype that generates serious economic repercussions on both, sea cage and on land-based aquaculture systems. In view of the challenges of this problem for the global salmon farming industry, it is essential to thoroughly understand the influencing factors of early and late maturation to find efficient alternatives for managing the phenomenon. This review briefly describes sexual maturation in S. salar, its variability in cultures, and the factors influencing the maturation age trait at the physiological, genetic and environmental levels. The control of early maturity through changes to the natural photoperiod and through the use of genetic markers are discussed.
Conference papers on the topic "Cage fish farming. eng"
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Kitazawa, Daisuke, Yoichi Mizukami, Makoto Kanehira, Youto Takeuchi, and Sho Ito. "Water Tank and Field Tests on the Performance of a Submergible Fish Cage for Farming Silver Salmon." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61631.
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Silver salmon is usually cultured around the eastern coast of Tohoku Region in Japan. The smolt of silver salmon begins to be cultured in a cage from November. Currently, the aquaculture of silver salmon is terminated until the end of July due to high water temperature since silver salmon will die in a few days if the diurnal minimum water temperature becomes 21 or 22°C. Live salmon cannot be obtained around August because wild salmon is captured from September or October. In the present study, a submergible cage using flexible tubes is proposed to farm silver salmon in deeper and cooler waters in August. The cage was submerged and floated up by ejecting air from and injecting air into the flexible tubes, respectively. The flexible tubes were inserted into the polyethylene pipes. First, water tank test using the 1/3.64 scaled model was carried out in the Ocean Engineering Basin, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo. The cage was submerged or floated up, changing the methods of air ejection or injection. The cage was submerged and floated up faster in case of two vents to increase the rate of air flow than in case of only one vent on flexible tubes. The submersion was also faster if the length of an injection tube between the vents and air compressor was shortened to reduce the pressure loss. However, the maximum inclination angle of the cage was determined by the diameter of the cage and the submerged depth, not depending on the methods of air injection or ejection. Similar results were observed in the field test. Consequently, silver salmon could be farmed in deeper and cooler waters until the middle of August. The inclination of the cage was not the problem for silver salmon, while it may have unfavorable effects on the other species through the deformation of netting. Hence, the methods to reduce the inclination of the cage in submerging or floating up operation should be considered and validated in field test in the future.
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Pal, Saptarshi, and Chengi Kuo. "Feasibility of Repurposing Offshore Decommissioned Gas Rigs into Fish Farms." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205446-ms.
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Abstract In the past 70 years the world has relied extensively for its energy needs based on hydrocarbons produced significantly offshore. In recent years many installations with fixed platforms and pipelines are reaching the end of their useful life and are required by law to be decommissioned and removed if an approved alternative use cannot be found. This process coincides with focus on decarbonization arising from global warming and climate change. The conventional way of decommissioning is to remove the structure and take it onshore for disposal. Such an activity costs around £28 million for smaller UKCS installations in the Southern North Sea. Possible alternative solutions include their use as a research-leisure complex and artificial reef. Such an approach would have less impact on the environment and it is therefore worthwhile to explore the feasibility of repurposing these decommissioned UKCS platforms. The paper begins by highlighting the background to UKCS offshore decommissioning and farming fish life-cycle. This is followed by a critical review of the three options of total and partial removals and leave-on-site. It is found that repurposing decommissioned platforms for aquaculture farm has not been given sufficient attention and thus offers scope for a project to explore the feasibility of such a solution. Existing offshore fish farming in various countries are examined before using a decision-making matrix to select the most suitable UKCS installation for conversion and this led to using a normally unattended gas platform for the case study. The focus for this paper is on design and operation of an unattended fish farm and its cost benefit analysis. The former covers fish cage selection, capacity calculation, fish handling procedures, fish feed characteristics, feed demand, designing feed logistics and storage system. The processing facilities are layout on two decks and power needs are generated using a hybrid system of diesel and Li-ion battery. The possibility of using renewable sources by connecting to wind energy grids was also considered. For the latter capital and operating expenditure, revenue generated and maintenance costs are estimated before performing net present value prediction of the profitability of the fish farm over 10 years with for example up to 8 cages and three discount rates. The main conclusions derived are: It is technically feasible to convert a decommissioned gas platform to a fish farm and the operation can be economic. However, liability transfer implications in a repurposed offshore decommissioned gas platforms to fish farms were not established to verify the project viability. The conversion of unattended offshore gas platforms in the UKCS to an automated offshore fish farm is a novel solution which has not been implemented in the North Sea before. The work will provide an economic and environmental friendly solution to decommissioning offshore platforms and provide with a possible profitable investment.
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Su, Biao, Karl-Johan Reite, Martin Føre, Karl Gunnar Aarsæther, Morten Omholt Alver, Per Christian Endresen, David Kristiansen, Joakim Haugen, Walter Caharija, and Andrei Tsarau. "A Multipurpose Framework for Modelling and Simulation of Marine Aquaculture Systems." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95414.
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Abstract Research within marine aquaculture has either focused on technology (e.g. farming structures, autonomous systems, harvesting and transport technologies) or biology (e.g. biomass control, feeding process, fish behavior and welfare). Here, we present a computational framework allowing the integrated analysis of these two aspects in a flexible and evolutive way. This framework is called FhSim which was originally developed for the modelling and simulation of fisheries operations and aquaculture structures, but its application domain has been continuously extended through different research projects. In this paper, we present the basic design principles and functionality of the FhSim framework with the focus on modelling and simulation of marine aquaculture systems. The basic theories and methods used for the modelling of open net cages, closed cages, fish behavior, feeding processes, and ROV operations in net cages are introduced, respectively. It is also shown how the technological and biological aspects of fish farming can be considered in a specialized or integrated analysis. Furthermore, approaches for combining numerical models with monitoring sensor data, techniques for real-time simulation of fish farming operations and the coupling of FhSim with other simulation programs are discussed.
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Gansel, Lars C., Thomas A. McClimans, and Dag Myrhaug. "Flow Around the Free Bottom of Fish Cages in a Uniform Flow With and Without Fouling." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79355.
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This paper explores the flow around fish cages in a uniform flow with the focus on the flow patterns close to the bottom of the models. Towing tests were conducted with six straight cylinders with the prosities 0%, 30%, 75%, 82% and 90%, two cylinders with an inclination of 12.5 degrees and the porosities 0% and 75% and two cylinders with an inclination of 25 degrees and the porosities 0% and 75%. The models all had a height-to-diameter ratio of 3 and were made from metal mesh. The Reynolds number was 5000 based on the diameter of the models and from 15 to 300 based on the diameter of individual strings of the mesh for all tests. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), a non-intrusive optical technique, was used to analyze the flow around the models in the plane of symmetry through the center of the cylinders. The porosities of 82%, 75% and 60% correspond to those of a clean fish cage netting in Norwegian Salmon farming with no fouling, light fouling and heavy fouling, respectively. The inclinations of 12.5 degrees and 25 degrees reflect the inclination of the net of a commercial fish cage in a slow and a fast current, respectively. The Reynolds number of the strings was within the range of Reynolds numbers occurring on fish cages along the Norwegian coast. The results from this study are discussed with respect to the flow around and through the same models at identical Reynolds numbers. It is shown that the inclination of the net cage and fouling of the netting have major effects on the flow pattern around fish cage. The flow around and through net cages defines the water exchange within fish cages and the distribution patterns of particles and nutrients released from a net-pen. The information provided in this study can be valuable for the fish farming industry, as the decrease of the porosity due to fouling, as well as the deformation of the netting of fish cages, can be controlled by fish farmers.
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Kitazawa, Daisuke, Hiroki Shimizu, and Yoichi Mizukami. "Tank Model Testing on the Fish Cage Installed in Variable Depths in Current and Waves." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11239.
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A fish cage should be submerged to reduce hydrodynamic forces from high waves if the fish cage is installed in an exposed sea area. Usually, the submergible fish cage is suspended from the framework at a fixed depth. The framework is set by floats and anchors at the middle position between water surface and the top surface of the submergible fish cage. The submergible fish cage will be used not only for reduction of hydrodynamic forces but for the other purposes such as choosing the best environment for cultured fishes in the vertical direction, and escaping from the flood with high-level nitrogen or turbidity, harmful algal blooming, and floating ices. In such cases, it is useful for the fish cage to be installed in variable depths. The purpose of the present study is to examine the safety of the fish cage installed in variable depths in current and waves by means of tank model testing. The mooring system consists of a fish cage and four floats. The vertical position of the fish cage is variable by adjusting the buoyancy of these floats. First, the drag of the fish cage was examined by towing test, and the results were compared with the drag estimated by the existing studies. The effects of interaction among twines, the angle of attack, wake, and the top and bottom nets were discussed. Then the fish cage was moored in the water tank, which has the length of 50 m and the width of 10 m. The tank model has a scale of 1/100 of the full-scale model of the fish cage used for tuna farming. The model was made according to Tauti’s similarity law. The water depth was set at 0.68 m by adjusting the position of the variable floor. The motion of the fish cage and four floats, and the tension of the mooring lines between the fish cage, floats, and anchors were measured by the underwater video camera and load cells, respectively. As a result, the drag of the fish cage could be estimated from the experimental results of the drag of a plane net since the results include the effect of interaction among twines. The effects of the angle of attack and the reduction in water current velocity inside the cage were also taken into account. The drag of the fish cage could be estimated well by the above method, while it was underestimated by 10% in comparison with the experimental data. In the water tank testing of the mooring system, the tension of the mooring line increased rapidly with the increase in water current velocity since the drag of the fish cage was proportional to the 1.8th power of water current velocity and increased due to the inclination of the fish cage. The increase in the tension due to wave-induced forces to the fish cage could be negligible when the fish cage was submerged. The safety and the design guideline of the mooring system should be assessed by the simulations using a numerical model, which is being developed by the authors. The experimental data obtained in the present study will be useful for the validation of the numerical model.
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Weiss, Carlos V. C., Omar Castellanos, Bárbara Ondiviela, José A. Juanes, and Raúl Guanche Garcia. "Development of a Tool to Identify Potential Zones for Offshore Aquaculture: A Global Case Study for Greater Amberjack." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77870.
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This paper presents an innovative tool to recognize potential zones for the development of offshore aquaculture activities from an expanded spatial perspective. The methodology — developed in the framework of the TEN-SHORES project (Development of new technologies in oceanic aquaculture RTC-2014-2485-5) — aims to identify optimal conditions for the growth of fish species and for cage resistance. The first step is based on the Delphi method and consists of the selection of variables according to their relevance to fish species and to the cage location. The selected variables were acquired from reanalysis models and remote sensing data (time series of 20–30 years). In the second step, an evaluation system was developed to estimate the percentage of time (on a 0-1 scale) that the selected variables remain in optimum conditions, for the fish and the cage, in the whole data series (grid of 0.25°). Suitability maps were generated according to the conditions for the fish species growth and to house a generic cage. The integration of these maps allows for the identification of potential zones (>0.7) for farming the Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili), highlighting unexploited offshore zones in South and North America, Oceania and in the Africa continent. The developed tool can be applied to large-scale studies of different aquaculture species, as well as to other types of marine uses.
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Gansel, Lars, Thomas A. McClimans, and Dag Myrhaug. "Average Flow Inside and Around Fish Cages With and Without Fouling in a Uniform Flow." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20481.
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The average flow field inside and around the bottom of porous cylinders in a uniform flow is explored using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Tests were conducted on six cylinders with porosities of 0%, 30%, 60%, 75%, 82% and 90% in a flume tank where the flow field inside and around the models is time averaged over 180 seconds. The models had a height-to-diameter ratio of 3 and were made from metal mesh. The Reynolds numbers ranged from 5,000 to 20,000 based on the diameter of the models and from 75 to 300 based on the diameter of individual strands of the mesh, which corresponds to the Reynolds numbers occurring at salmon fish cage netting used along the Norwegian coast. The porosities of 82%, 75% and 60% correspond to those of a fish cage netting in Norwegian Salmon farming with no, light and heavy biofouling, respectively. The results from this study are discussed with respect to the instantaneous flow field in and around the same cylinders at identical Reynolds numbers. The focus is on the effect of porosity on the ventilation inside the cages and the vertical transports within the near wake. It is shown that heavy fouling of aquacultural nettings can lead to internal circulation inside fish cages and therefore has the potential to reduce the ventilation of the net pens dramatically. The description of the time-averaged flow field inside and around porous cylinders can be used as benchmarks to validate and adjust numerical models of the flow past porous cylinders. The results from this study can be valuable also for the fish farming industry, as bio-fouling and the reduced porosity of fish cages can be monitored and controlled directly by fish farmers.
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Berstad, Are Johan, Harald Tronstad, Stein-Arne Sivertsen, and Endre Leite. "Enhancement of Design Criteria for Fish Farm Facilities Including Operations." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67451.
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A Norwegian Standard NS 9415 (NAS, 2003) has been introduced to the offshore fish farming industry in Norway. This is the first standard dealing with offshore fish farm facilities. The main objective of the standard is to reduce environmental pollution by fish escape. The work process leading to NS 9415 revealed the need for research work in several areas to enhance design criteria with the objective of having a consistent safety level through out the life cycle of a fish farm facility. This paper presents results from a government supported research project with the objective of enhancing criteria for design and operation of fish farm facilities. A case study of a fish farm facility representative for the majority of polyethylene based fish farms in Norway is presented and the sensitivity of such fish farms to variation in the mooring system is shown and discussed for design relevance. The sensitivity of net cage volume to current and weights is presented and discussed. Possible hazards from operational conditions are listed.
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Shim, Kyujin, Pascal Klebert, and Arne Fredheim. "Numerical Investigation of the Flow Through and Around a Net Cage." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79960.
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Structure and design of fish cages can be improved by the knowledge of the flow pattern around and inside the net cages. To address this problem, commercially available computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is used to analyze this problem by calculating the drag and the flow velocity distribution around cylinders with different porosities. The results of these simulations are compared with the data from experiments which have been previously published. Aquaculture cages are very large structures that consist mainly of netting, which can be approximated by small cylinders connected at knots. But due to the large number of these cylinders (millions for a single salmon farming cage), it is computationally expensive to model the exact geometry. Bio fouling is another factor which is of particular interest as fouled nets (lower porosity) can significantly reduce flow of well-oxygenated water reaching the fish during normal rearing conditions. Therefore the numerical approach used to simulate the flow through and around the net cage is to consider it as a circular cylinder with a porous jump boundary. Drag coefficient and flow pattern are compared with available experimental data. Vertical cylinders are used for this study. Different porosities have been used for the simulations as for the experiments (0%, 75%, 82% and 90% open area) in order to simulate the impact of the fouling on the load of the net structures and the flushing of the cage. The results show that a porous jump with a pressure drop proportional to velocity squared has the best agreement with measured data.
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Liao, Xiuli, Honghui Huang, Ming Dai, and Zhanhui Qi. "Chlorophyll-a predicting based on artificial neural network for marine cage fish farming area in dapeng cove in Daya Bay, South China Sea." In 2012 8th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2012.6234720.
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