To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Calcareous red algae.
Journal articles on the topic 'Calcareous red algae'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Calcareous red algae.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Rajanikanth, A. "Rock building Cretaceous - Tertiary algae from India - an ecological perspective." Journal of Palaeosciences 40 (December 31, 1991): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1991.1790.
Full textAbstract:
Fossil benthonic photosynthetic algae capable of calcification contributed to the formation of Indian Cretaceous-Tertiary carbonate deposits. A comparative assessment of different marine calcareous algal assemblages known from various sedimentary basins and their ecological requirements have been highlighted. A comprehensive synthesis and retrospect of research on calcareous algae demonstrate extensive growth of green and red algae during Cretaceous-Tertiary times in India. The calcareous blue-green algae are feebly represented in the Cretaceous deposits and not recorded from the Tertiary deposits. Various ecological factors determined the distribution of different calcareous algal groups. An apparent extinction of calcareous algae is attributed to gaps in our knowledge and evolutionary changes.
2
Zakiryanov, I. G., V. A. Luchinina, and N. V. Sennikov. "MICROFACIES AND PALEOALGOLOGICAL COMPLEXES OF CARBONATES OF THE UPPER ORDOVICIAN TACHALOV SECTION (WEST OF GORNY ALTAI)." Geology and mineral resources of Siberia 2, no. 4 (2023): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20403/2078-0575-2023-4b-109-118.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents the study results of carbonaceous rocks and taxonomic diversity of the Upper Ordovician calcareous algae of the Tachalov section left half, located on the left side of the same-name creek in the central district of the Charysh-Inya structure-facies zone of Gorny Altai. Six microfacies are distinguished in rocks: algal-bacterial boundstones, crinoid mudstones, crinoid-algal wackestones, polybioclastic wackestones, crinoid-algal packstone-wackestones and crinoid-algal packstones. Calcareous algae of the following genera were recorded in limestones: Proaulopora Volgdin, 1934 (Ms), Girvanella Nicholson et Etheridge, 1878, Vermiporella Stolley, 1893, Apidium Stolley, 1896, Ortonella Garwood, 1914, Contexta Gnilovskaja, 1972, Halysis Høeg, 1932, Rothpletzella Wood, 1948. It is found, that during the formation of biohermal buildups in more active hydrodynamics, different groups of calcareous algae react either by increasing species diversity (like green algae) or by increasing the number of organisms of the same species (like red algae).
3
Shen, Yuefeng, and Fritz Neuweiler. "Taphocoenoses and diversification patterns of calcimicrobes and calcareous algae, Ordovician, Tarim Basin, China." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 7 (2016): 702–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0173.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the crucial role of epibenthic primary producers (cyanobacteria, green and red algae), no diversity curves for calcimicrobes and calcareous algae are available to assess the pyramiding paleoecology characterizing the Ordovician biodiversification episode. A total of 24 taxa of calcimicrobes and calcareous algae are identified from a Dapingian to lower Katian succession of carbonate sedimentary rocks exposed at the Leyayilitag ridge, Bachu Uplift, Tarim Basin, northwest China. Calcimicrobes (14 taxa), Dasycladales (seven taxa), Bryopsidales (one taxon), and Cyclocrinales (two taxa) contribute to five distinct taphocoenoses characterizing a suite of carbonate mounds. In stratigraphic order, these are calathid sponge mounds, algal calcimicrobial mounds, algal mounds, algal reefs, and calcimicrobial mounds. Within the lower Katian Belodina confluens Zone, the diversity increases substantially from around 5 to more than 20 taxa per 2 Ma. This increase in diversity is based on new calcimicrobes (Bija, Ortonella, Garwoodia, Hedstroemia, Rothpletzella, Phacelophyton, Rauserina) and the diversification of Dasycladales and Cyclocrinales. By comparison, the global diversity of calcimicrobes and calcareous algae (derived from literature data) started to increase earlier, namely within the late Darriwilian Pygodus serra Zone (offset of about 4 Ma). This offset might be due to the peculiar lithology of the Sandbian Tumuxiuke Formation (condensed section of red nodular limestones bounded by disconformities). However, a similar temporal offset is recorded for calathid sponge mounds; therefore, the Tarim tectonic microplate (Tarim Block) might display an endemic–anachronistic character. The diversity curves of Ordovician benthic primary producers (calcimicrobes, calcareous algae) are similar to those recorded by some fossil groups, in particular eleutherozoan echinoderms.
4
Sarkar, Suman, Amit K. Ghosh, and Madhav Kumar. "Recognition of algal rich facies from the Umlatdoh Limestone of Shella Formation, Jaintia Group, Meghalaya." Journal of Palaeosciences 60, no. (1-2) (2011): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2011.178.
Full textAbstract:
The carbonate rocks of the Shella Formation (Middle Eocene) belonging to the Jaintia Group in the Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya are represented by two sandstone units in alternation with three limestone units, viz. Lakadong Limestone, Umlatdoh Limestone and Prang Limestone respectively in chronological order. Umlatdoh Limestone, the middle limestone unit of Shella Formation is conformably underlain by the Lakadong Sandstone and overlain by Narpuh Sandstone. Samples from the Umlatdoh Limestone were collected from the outcrop on the Jowai-Badarpur Road, about 1 km southwest of Lumshnong. Calcareous algae have been recovered from four samples and two distinct facies have been recognized. One of the facies is dominated by non-geniculate coralline red algae and benthic foraminifera. The non-geniculate corallines are represented by Lithothamnion and Mesophyllum (Family Hapalidiaceae), Lithoporella (Family Corallinaceae) and Sporolithon (Family Sporolithaceae). The other facies is rich in calcareous green algae along with benthic foraminifera. The green algal genera belong to families Dasycladaceae, Udoteaceae and Halimedaceae. Previously, a green algal assemblage was recorded from the Umlatdoh Limestone Member of Shella Formation exposed in the low lying hills between Sutnga and Litang valleys of Jaintia Hills. However, this is the first report on the occurrence of non-geniculate coralline red algae from the Umlatdoh Limestone Member of the Shella Formation. Based on the algal-foraminiferal assemblages, interpretation has been made on the palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry.
5
Gusarova, Anastasiia D. "Calcareous algae and foraminifera of the microfaunistic horizon XIII (Visean stage) of the middle part of the central paraxial zone Dnipro-Donets Depression (Ukraine)." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 31, no. 2 (2022): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112222.
Full textAbstract:

 
 
 Visean deposits of exploration-production well 363 Yablunivs’ka contain predominantly carbonate and argillaceous rocks from the Prylutsʹkyy boundary (lower Visean). This study presents limestone microfacies and foraminiferal and calcareous algal associations of the paraxial zone in the Dnipro-Donets Depression. The foraminiferal association is represented by 26 genera, whereas the algal association is composed of 24 identified species and specimens in open nomenclature representative of 31 genera, including a new species, Atractyliopsis berezovia sp. nov., and a species of calcareous algae, which is first described for Dnieper-Donets Depression, Asphaltina cordillerensis. Fossil associations of calcareous algae characterize Palaeoberesella lahuseni – Exvotarisella index – Nanopora woodi zone, which correlated with the foraminiferal Uralodiscus rotundus and Paraarchaediscus koktjubensis. Green algae are predominant within the calcareous algae from carbonate deposits of the core No 3. This predominance indicates a warm and shallow-water sedimentation platform. Many archedicids indicates that the bottom substrate is represented by soft silt. Well-developed radiant layer of archaediscida indicates to the favorable habitat conditions. From the middle part of the layer, the role of red algae, whose thally has a crusty and leaf-like shape, as well as green Koninckopora sp. and Coeloporella sp., begins to grow quantitatively. This indicates an insignificant shallowing of the sedimentation basin. Visean limestones belong to the facies of the open marine platform, zone 7 (shallow undathem). According to the results of micropaleontological analysis the boundary of XIIIl and XIIIu microfaunistic subhorizon of Dnipro-Donets Basin identified at the depth of 4435.96 m. The foraminifera and algae representation is given at the 8 paleontological plates.
 
 
6
Kuss, J., and M. A. Conrad. "Calcareous algae from Cretaceous carbonates of Egypt, Sinai, and southern Jordan." Journal of Paleontology 65, no. 5 (1991): 869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000037847.
Full textAbstract:
Calcareous algae are frequent constituents in the shallow-marine limestone intercalations of late Aptian–Maastrichtian strata of the Eastern Desert of Egypt, the Sinai, and southern Jordan. A total of 18 species of green algae (among them 16 dasycladaceans withPraturlonella hammudain. comb. andPraturlonella jordanican. sp., two udoteaceans) and eight species of red algae (among them two gymnocodiaceans, three solenoporaceans, and one squamariacean) are described and compared with algae from several Tethyan occurrences. The stratigraphic distribution is calibrated by 10 assemblage-zones based on the associated foraminiferids and compared with 10 ammonite assemblage-zones.The algal contents vary within the different strata: their total contents and diversities increase from the late Aptian–Albian carbonates to the Cenomanian and decrease to the Turonian–Coniacian; no algae were proved in the Santonian–Campanian. The Maastrichtian occurrences are limited to one outcrop.
7
Matveeva, N., and R. Ivanova. "Early Asselian cyanobacteria and algae in the organogenic buildups of the section «Pisanyi Kamen’» (Un’ya River, Northern Urals)." Vestnik of geosciences, no. 12 (February 11, 2025): 26–36. https://doi.org/10.19110/geov.2024.12.3.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents the results of the study of the remains of cyanobacteria and calcareous algae of the Lower Permian organogenic buildups from the “Pisanyi Kamen’” section at the Un’ya River (Northern Urals). The microscopic study allowed extending taxonomic composition of Early Permian cyanobacteria and algae in the buildups: 3 genera of cyanobacteria, 12 genera of green algae, 2 genera of red algae and 4 genera of unclear systematic position were identified. It was revealed that representatives of green algae of the families Dasycladaceae and Cyclocrinaecae mainly participated in the formation of the first organogenic buildup, and algae of the Anchicodiaceae family participated in the second buildup. The established Asselian taxa of calcareous algae are cosmopolitan, therefore they may be important for the correlation of the Lower Permian West Ural sections.
8
Basso, Daniela. "Carbonate production by calcareous red algae and global change." Geodiversitas 34, no. 1 (2012): 13–33. https://doi.org/10.5252/g2012n1a2.
Full text
9
Sukhov, Oleh A., and Anastasiia D. Gusarova. "New data on red Visean calcareous algae of the Dnipro-Donetsk Depression: systematic composition and facial confinement." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 32, no. 2 (2023): 396–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112336.
Full textAbstract:

 
 
 As a result of the study of the core material of 540 thin sections from the boreholes of the northern marginal part and the paraxial part of the Dnieper-Donetsk Depression (DDD), a complex of fossil red calcareous algae including 14 species of 7 genera, as well as 2 species belonging to 2 genera identified for the first time for the Visean deposits of the DDD has been discovered. The studied carbonate deposits represent the Hlybokynskyi, Sukhynskyi, Stylskyi, Donetskyi and lower part of Mezhivskyi horizons of the Don-Dnipro Rift (DDR). It has been found that the greatest diversity of the taxonomic composition of fossil red calcareous algae in the DDD is observed in the deposits of the Sukhynskyi, Stylskyi and the most part of Donetskyi horizons, (XIII, XIIa, XII microfaunistic horizons of the DDD). It has been established that the limestones of the DDD paraxial zone dated to the uppermost Donetskyi and lower Mezhivskyi horizons (XI MFH of the DDD) are represented mainly by foraminiferous-polydetrital and algal wackestones, less often by wacke-packstones. The association of calcareous algae with dark ferruginous fragments indicatesthat the deposits formed in relatively deep conditions of the outer shelf. Carbonate sediments of the most part Stylskyi and Donetskyi horizons (XIIa, XII MFH of the DDD) of the northern marginal zone of the DDD are represented mainly by polydetrital wackestones, sometimes they are spicular, sometimes iron-bearing, which makes it possible to assume that these deposits, like the previous ones, belong to the relatively deep-water facies of the open platform, with moderate and reduced water circulation. Carbonate deposits of the Sukhynskyi and lowermost Stylskyi horizons (XIII MFH of the DDD) of the paraxial and northern rift side zones are represented mainly by polydetrital and fine-detrital-algal wackestones with remains of ostracods, mosses, spicules, brachiopod shells, fragments of Stacheaceae, green tubular algae of the family Palaeoberesellaceae Mamet et Roux. The predominance of green siphonocladal algae in the algal association indicates a calm hydrodynamic regime below the tide level as well as the depth of the basin, which mostly does not exceed 3-5 m, a small fluctuation in the depth of the sea basin, good illumination, and thermal conductivity of the sea basin. Carbonate deposits of the Hlybokynskyi horizon (XIV MFH of the DDD) exposed by the well 10 Skorobahatky in the northern marginal part of the DDD, are represented by organogenic, detritus-muddy packstones and wackestones with remains of bivalves, foraminifera, crinoids, ostracods, green, tubular algae of the family Palaeoberesellaceae Mamet et Roux with a transition in the upper part to sandy grainstone. This indicates that sediments were formed in the shallow water conditions under constant wave action, near the base of this action that led to the washout of clay mass.
 
 
10
Basso, Daniela. "Carbonate production by calcareous red algae and global change." Geodiversitas 34, no. 1 (2012): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2012n1a2.
Full text
11
Costa, Dimítri de Araújo, Marina Dolbeth, Martin Lindsey Christoffersen, Pamela Tatiana Zúñiga-Upegui, Márcia Venâncio, and Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena. "An Overview of Rhodoliths: Ecological Importance and Conservation Emergency." Life 13, no. 7 (2023): 1556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13071556.
Full textAbstract:
Red calcareous algae create bio-aggregations ecosystems constituted by carbonate calcium, with two main morphotypes: geniculate and non-geniculate structures (rhodoliths may form bio-encrustations on hard substrata or unattached nodules). This study presents a bibliographic review of the order Corallinales (specifically, rhodoliths), highlighting on morphology, ecology, diversity, related organisms, major anthropogenic influences on climate change and current conservation initiatives. These habitats are often widespread geographically and bathymetrically, occurring in the photic zone from the intertidal area to depths of 270 m. Due to its diverse morphology, this group offers a special biogenic environment that is favourable to epiphyte algae and a number of marine invertebrates. They also include holobiont microbiota made up of tiny eukaryotes, bacteria and viruses. The morphology of red calcareous algae and outside environmental conditions are thought to be the key forces regulating faunistic communities in algae reefs. The impacts of climate change, particularly those related to acidification, might substantially jeopardise the survival of the Corallinales. Despite the significance of these ecosystems, there are a number of anthropogenic stresses on them. Since there have been few attempts to conserve them, programs aimed at their conservation and management need to closely monitor their habitats, research the communities they are linked with and assess the effects they have on the environment.
12
Yiu, B. A., D. J. Booth, A. M. Fowler, and D. A. Feary. "Macroalgal resource use differences across age and size classes in the dominant temperate herbivorous fish Aplodactylus lophodon (Aplodactylidae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 4 (2019): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18086.
Full textAbstract:
Herbivorous fishes comprise a substantial proportion of temperate fish communities, although there is little understanding of their trophic resource use and whether this changes throughout post-settlement ontogeny. With increasing loss of macroalgal forests, understanding how temperate fishes use macroalgae will be vital in predicting future effects on temperate fish biodiversity. The Australian rock cale (Aplodactylus lophodon) is one of the most abundant herbivorous fish inhabiting shallow temperate south-eastern Australian reefs. We examined gastrointestinal contents throughout ontogeny and demonstrated that this species maintains a herbivorous diet through all life stages. Differences in algal taxa consumed were apparent through ontogeny, with the juvenile diet dominated by filamentous red and green algae and the adult diet dominated by brown and calcareous red algae. Relative gut length increased through ontogeny, potentially facilitating dietary transition to less digestible algae, but no concurrent increase in jaw power was observed. The results highlight the diversity of trophic resource use in a temperate marine herbivore, but the near-complete dominance of dietary algae throughout ontogeny indicates the reliance on primary producers across all life stages. Given the importance of fucoid resources in the adult diet, any loss of macroalgal forests within south-eastern Australia may affect foraging success and persistence.
13
Mohsin, Shatha, Abbas Mohammed, and Fahad Alnajm. "Microfossils (Foraminifera and Calcareous Algae) of the Yamama Formation, Southern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 1E (2022): 110–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.1e.10ms-2022-05-26.
Full textAbstract:
The Yamama Formation is one of the important reservoirs, in southern Iraq. This formation in all studied wells consists of limestone and dolomitic limestone. Microfacies analysis clarified that the formation represented a ramp, inner, middle and outer environments, seventy-one species are recorded, the main fossils are composed of many genera and species related to main groups such as foraminifera, calcareous algae, and stromatoporids with few occurrences of gastropods, bivalves, bryozoa, spiculites and Echinoderms. The study has recorded 6 genera of foraminifera and 11 genera (green algae), 3 species related to Salpingoporella sp., 2 genera related to red algae, 1genera related to Charophytes (nonmarine plants) for the first time in the Yamama Formation.
14
Cabrito, Andrea, Juan Silvia de, Hilmar Hinz, and Francesc Maynou. "Morphological insights into the three-dimensional complexity of rhodolith beds." Marine Biology 171 (May 3, 2024): 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-024-04437-y.
Full textAbstract:
The ecological importance of rhodolith beds stems from their role as structurally complex three-dimensional habitat formed by free-living red calcareous algae. Their structural singularity is due to the great variety of complex and branching morphologies exhibited by rhodoliths that create interstitial spaces and increase their surface area. This increases the ecological niches for cryptofauna and provide refuge for a high number of organisms, which is why rhodolith beds are considered biodiversity hotspots. In this work, we studied a rhodolith bed located in the Menorca Channel, formed by several species of red calcareous algae that exhibit a great variety of morphologies and form an extensive and heterogeneous habitat. This study explored the morphological diversity of the rhodolith bed, comparing the ‘Core Habitat’ (within the center of the bed with the highest densities of rhodoliths) with the boundaries or ‘Adjacent Habitat’ where rhodolith density was lower. Our results show that all rhodolith growth forms (branched, pralines and boxwork) in the Core Habitat had higher interstitial space and were larger than the ones from adjacent zones. Moreover, we explored the three-dimensional techniques to study the morphological characteristics that have historically been studied in two dimensions. This study contributes to the knowledge of morphological diversity in well-preserved rhodolith beds from continental shelves in the western Mediterranean Sea and reinforces the use of three-dimensional measurements, specifically the interstitial space of branched rhodoliths, to provide more accurate data on habitat complexity.
15
Gusarova, Anastasiia, and Andrij Matveyev. "Lower Carboniferous calcareous algae and foraminifera of the middle part of the central paraxial zone of the Dono-Dnieper Depression (Ukraine)." Visnyk of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, series Geology. Geography. Ecology, no. 55 (December 1, 2021): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-04.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Today, the boundary of the Upper Visean and Lower Visean substage of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin (DDB) remains controversial. The characteristic of associations of foraminifera and calcareous algae of Lower Carboniferous deposits in axial zone of the DDB were investigated. Analysis of previous publications. The Tournaisian-Visean stage is most studied in the riparian zones of the DDB, and the axial zone is much less studied. This is due to the deep occurrence of Visean rocks in this area, as well as, sometimes, the lack of Tournaisian deposits in a particular section. Materials and methods. The microfacies of carbonate rocks on the core materials of the borehole 203 Berezivs`ka. The algoflora fossil associations characterizes the algae zone Palaeoberesella lahuseni – Exvotarisella index – Nanopora woodi, which was compared with foraminifera zones Uralodiscus rotundus and Paraarchaediscus koktjubensis. Results and discussion. Lithology. The upper part of the section is dominated by pack-, grаn-packstones, which indicates the normal conditions of sedimentation and the development of depleted marine fauna. From the middle part of the section there are light layers of bioclastic waxstones, which indicates limited water circulation. In the lower part there is a high percentage of bioorganic detritus. Green algae and foraminifera paraturaminides play a significant role in the number of individuals. Micropaleontology. Describes the association of foraminifera, represented by individuals of 24 genera, the association of algae, represented by 35 species belonging to 25 genera, including 3 species of calcareous algae, which are described for the first time for DDB: Atractyliopsis cf. cumberlandensis, Nanopora undata and Exvotarisella maponi. Conclusions. A comparative analysis of the algae associations described in the paper with the coeval associations of the Urals, East European Platform (Russian Platform), Belgium, France and Lviv-Volyn basin. The foraminifera and algae representation is given at the 8 paleontological plates. As a result of stratigraphical and lithological studies, the following conclusions can be drawn. The section of Berezivska well is represented mainly by carbonate, as well as sand and clay rocks of the lower part of the Upper Visean substage (Tulian horizon) and the upper part of the Lower Visean substage (Bobrikovskian horizon). Microfacial analysis revealed a number of rocks in Visean The upper part of the section is dominated by pack-, grаn-packstones, which indicates the normal conditions of sedimentation and the development of depleted marine fauna. From the middle part of the section there are light layers of bioclastic waxstones, which indicates limited water circulation. In the lower part there is a high percentage of bioorganic detritus. Green algae and foraminifera paraturaminides play a significant role in the number of individuals. These deposits accumulated in the conditions of an open carbonate platform with normal sea conditions. Even lower there are large forms of red algae. The rocks turn into algae packstone and wak- packstone. Bioclastic material are represented by a few foraminiferal shells, fragments of exotarizel and a large number of various, partially rolled, biodetrite. These deposits accumulated in conditions close to the edge of the platform Describes the association of foraminifera, represented by individuals of 24 genera, the association of algae, represented by 35 species belonging to 25 genera, including 3 species of calcareous algae, which are described for the first time for DDB: Atractyliopsis cumberlandensis, Nanopora undata and Exvotarisella maponi. The large number of archedicides from the core №4 indicates that the bottom substrate was represented by soft silt, and their developed radiant layer indicates the most favourable conditions for their development. In the upper part of the section in the association of calcareous algae the number of individuals is dominated by green siphonocladian algae, which indicates a calm hydrodynamic regime below the tidal level, as well as the optimal depth of the basin, which does not exceed 3-5 m. Microfauna and algae of Late Visean, in comparison with the Early Visean, becomes taxonomically impoverished. Numerous archaedicides appear in the Late Visean carbonate deposits. Attention should be paid to Paraarchaediscus koktjubensis as a zonal form of the Tulian horizon. The Early Visean Association of calcareous algae of the axial zone of the DDD differs markedly from the single age association of the open Donbass by the absence of taxonomically diverse paleoberezelides, as well as a large number of large thallites of red algae.
16
Strain, Elisabeth M. A., and Craig R. Johnson. "Scale-dependent relationships between benthic habitat characteristics and abundances of blacklip abalone, Haliotis rubra (Leach)." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 11 (2010): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09211.
Full textAbstract:
Habitat characteristics can influence marine herbivore densities at a range of spatial scales. We examined the relationship between benthic habitat characteristics and adult blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) densities across local scales (0.0625–16 m2), at 2 depths, 4 sites and 2 locations, in Tasmania, Australia. Biotic characteristics that were highly correlated with abalone densities included cover of non-calcareous encrusting red algae (NERA), non-geniculate coralline algae (NCA), a matrix of filamentous algae and sediment, sessile invertebrates, and foliose red algae. The precision of relationships varied with spatial scale. At smaller scales (0.0625–0.25 m2), there was a positive relationship between NERA and ERA, and negative relationships between sediment matrix, sessile invertebrates and abalone densities. At the largest scale (16 m2), there was a positive relationship between NERA and abalone densities. Thus, for some biotic characteristics, the relationship between NERA and abalone densities may be scalable. There was very little variability between depths and sites; however, the optimal spatial scale differed between locations. Our results suggest a dynamic interplay between the behavioural responses of H. rubra to microhabitat and/or to abalone maintaining NERA free of algae, sediment, and sessile invertebrates. This approach could be used to describe the relationship between habitat characteristics and species densities at the optimal spatial scales.
17
Kashyap, Kumar, Sasidharan Venu, Samrat Kalita, S. Kripa, and Sreelakshmi Lakshmanan. "Coral Primary Polyp Settlement on Crustose Coralline Algae from India." Disaster Advances 17, no. 4 (2024): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/174da048052.
Full textAbstract:
Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are calcareous red algae belonging to the diverse group Rhodophyta. They are known to play numerous important ecological roles in the coral reef ecosystems such as various invertebrate larval settlement, cementing the reef together, participating effectively in primary productivity. One of the most important ecological roles these algae play, are the settlement and metamorphosis of coral larvae. Though lots of observations have been made on a juvenile coral being settled on CCA, there has not been any study on the initial settlement of coral larvae on CCA. The present study was carried out in the intertidal regions of South Andaman district. During intertidal survey, a single thin layered CCA was observed to house four different coral recruits which had settled and metamorphosed to form a single polyp coral.
18
Pitacco, Valentina, Moira Buršić, Ante Žunec, et al. "Polychaetes Associated with Calcareous Red Algae Corallina officinalis in the Northern Adriatic Sea." Diversity 17, no. 5 (2025): 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17050302.
Full textAbstract:
Polychaetes are important marine invertebrates that contribute to sediment bioturbation, nutrient recycling, and food web dynamics. This study examines the diversity and structure of the polychaete assemblages associated with the red algae Corallina officinalis in areas with different levels of anthropogenic pressures of the Northeastern Adriatic Sea. Sampling was performed in the intertidal zones. Altogether, 54 species from 13 families were found, with Syllidae being the most abundant. Polychaete richness, relative abundance and diversity at sampling locations with and without anthropogenic pressures showed no significant difference. Multivariate analyses revealed significant differences in species composition between sites under anthropogenic pressures and those without, with key species such as Sphaerosyllis pirifera, Syllis rosea, Syllis prolifera, Syllis gerundensis, and Platynereis dumerilii playing significant roles. Syllis rosea was the most abundant in locations without anthropogenic pressures, while S. pirifera was the most abundant in locations under anthropogenic pressures. These results suggest that while polychaete communities are resilient, anthropogenic pressures are causing shifts in species composition. This pattern is consistent with the results of related studies, indicating a broader ecological trend. The shifts observed here should raise concern among conservation ecologists, underscoring the importance of long-term monitoring to understand and mitigate the impacts of human activities on coastal ecosystems.
19
Siddhanta, Arup K., Sanjay Kumar, Gaurav K. Mehta, et al. "Cellulose Contents of Some Abundant Indian Seaweed Species." Natural Product Communications 8, no. 4 (2013): 1934578X1300800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1300800423.
Full textAbstract:
Crude cellulose as well as α- and β-celluloses were estimated in thirty-four seaweed species of fifteen orders of Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta of Indian waters. The greatest yields of crude cellulose and α-cellulose were obtained from Chaetomorpha aerea (approx. 20.0% and 18.5%, respectively), and of β-cellulose (approx. 3.1%) from Caulerpa imbricata. The lowest crude cellulose, and α-and β-contents were recorded for the calcareous red alga Liagora indica (approx. 0.90%, 0.70% and 0.10%, respectively). There was little variation in cellulose content among the brown algae, while wide variations in the yields were found in the green and red algae. The present work contributes to the repertoire of 67 Indian seaweed species studied to now for their cellulose contents in our laboratory. The combined studies highlight that Chaetomorpha aerea, Acrosiphonia orientalis, Caulerpa taxifolia, Sargassum tenerrimum, Hydroclathrus clathratus and Gelidiella acerosa possess relatively high (>10%) cellulose contents, which could be of potential utility.
20
Shadrin, A. N., and R. M. Ivanova. "The Shirokoe Place as a reference section of the upper Visean substage in the Upper Pechora basin (Unya river, Northern Urals)." LITHOSPHERE (Russia) 21, no. 2 (2021): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2021-21-2-207-221.
Full textAbstract:
Research subject. Carbonate rocks in the “Shirokoe Place” section (Unya River, Northern Urals). Material and methods. The work was based on a study of the composition and structural peculiarities of rocks and species diversities of forami- nifera and calcareous algae in the most important section of Upper Visean sediments in the lower reaches of the Unya river.Results. The rocks in the section are represented by bioclastic limestones, dolomites and various transition differences. The section features a wide presence of green Koninckopora, red Epistacheoides and Ungdarella algae. Less common are Palaeoberesella, Anthracoporella, Kamaena and Stacheoides. Fasciella is extremely rare, and Calcifolium is virtually absent. Foraminifera complexes are representative, but there are no zonal species Eostaffella tenebrosa (Venevsky horizon), genera Valvulinella (Tula horizon), Bradyina and Howchinia (Mikhailovsky and Venevsky horizons). Endothyranopsis, Janischewskina and Cribrospira are rare.Conclusions. The study of the species diversity of foraminifera and calcareous algae allowed us to clarify the stratigraphic division of the upper Visean sediments in the “Shirokoe Place” section. The Tula, Aleksinsky, Mikhailovsky and Venevsky horizons of the Upper Visean were reliably identified. The studied section can be used as a reference when creating stratigraphic schemes of Later Visean deposits for the Western subzone of the Upper Pechora transverse sinking of the Western folded zone of the Urals and adjacent areas of the PreUrals regional trough.
21
CHERNYSHEV, ALEXEI V., and NEONILA E. POLYAKOVA. "An integrative description of a new Cephalothrix species (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea) from the South China Sea." Zootaxa 4908, no. 4 (2021): 584–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4908.4.10.
Full textAbstract:
A new nemertean species of the genus Cephalothrix from intertidal calcareous red algae off the Vietnam coast is described based on histological sections, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and nucleotide sequences of three nuclear (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, H3) and two mitochondrial (COI, 16S rRNA) DNA fragments. Cephalothrix suni sp. nov. is characterized by a unique body colour pattern consisting of transverse brown on ventral body side. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Cephalotrichidae using a multigene approach has identified three clades for Cephalothrix: Cephalothrix, Procephalothrix, and interstitial cephalotrichids. The new species belongs to clade Procephalothrix sensu Chernyshev & Kajihara 2019 and a subclade of species with red, orange, or dark yellow anterior tip.
22
NEGREIROS, Andreia M. P., Rui SALES JÚNIOR, Francisco F. MAIA JÚNIOR, Rodolfo B. SILVA, José A. P. COSTA, and Erika V. MEDEIROS. "Lithothamnion calcareum Nanoparticles Increase Growth of Melon Plants." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 2 (2018): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha47111377.
Full textAbstract:
The application of alternative fertilizers to the soil in a sustainable way in order to supply nutrients to plants is important for growers and for the environment. Calcareous algae, Lithothamnion calcareum (Lit), is considered an alternative fertilizer because it is rich in nutrients, particularly magnesium and calcium, that are essential for plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different formulations, doses and fertilization intervals of L. calcareum on growth of melon plants. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of various formulations and doses of Lit on the growth of melon plants. The second experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of formulations and fertilization intervals of Lit. Formulations and doses of Lit had a significant effect on the efficiency in the development of melon plants. No impact was observed when using a concentrated suspension of Lit. However, four applications of Lit nanoparticle formulations every 7 days increased the growth of melon plants at doses close to 1 kg ha-1. We provide the first data related to beneficial effects on melon growth of L. calcareum, in different formulations, application intervals and doses, applied to red-yellow soil.
23
Bucur, Ioan I., and Iuliana Lazăr. "UPPER JURASSIC TO LOWERMOST CRETACEOUS MICROFOSSILS FROM THE HĂGHIMAŞ MOUNTAINS (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA)." Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, no. 19 (1) (August 21, 2022): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2023.01.02.
Full textAbstract:
The limestones of the Upper Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous from the Hăghimaş Mountains were studied in two sections from the upper part of the Fagu Oltului valley, a tributary of the Olt River. The lower part of the succession is remarkable for the rich brachiopod fauna contained in a red limestone buildup, documented previously as a stromatactis mud-mound. The mound consists of bioclastic wackestones and packstones with numerous brachiopods, crinoids, and sponges. The mud-mound is covered with intraclastic grainstones and fine-grained limestones with pelagic bivalves. The following lithological units pass into shallow water limestone with nerineid gastropods, calcareous algae and foraminifera, in a regressive sequence. The micropaleontological association identified in the Upper Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous limestones from Fagul Oltului includes calcareous algae, foraminifera, saccocomid crinoid fragments, annelid worm tubes, sponge fragments, rare calpionellids and microorganisms with an uncertain systematic position. The identified microfossils have a wide stratigraphic distribution. The most important stratigraphic landmarks are Trocholina conica (which does not extend younger than Kimmeridgian) and Calpionella alpina (which does not appear before the upper Tithonian). Based on the whole micropaleontological assemblage, the lower part of the succession (the skeletal mud-mound) can be ascribed to the Kimmeridgian – lower-middle Tithonian, and the upper part to the upper Tithonian – Berriasian.
24
Saito, K., H. Yabu, and J. Ishii. "Chromatographic Screening of Growth Inhibitors for Cladosporium herbarum in the Extracts of Calcareous Red Algae." Acta Biologica Hungarica 48, no. 2 (1997): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03543190.
Full text
25
Kadi, Achmad. "Karakteristik Makro Algae Berzat Kapur di Perairan Tanjung Sira Lombok-Barat." Biosfera 32, no. 1 (2015): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.1.295.
Full textAbstract:
Coastal waters of Tanjung Sira has calcareousalgae of the genus Halimeda limestone, Padina, Amphiroa, Galaxaura, Corallina, Hydrolithon, Mesophyllum, Peysonallia, Porolithon and Sporolithon. The substrate that used as habitat are sand, coarse sand, rocks and dead coral rubble. Calcium carbonate contained on calcareous algae fungsioning as adhesive and encrusting dead coral, shells of mollusks that have decayed and massive objects in the waters of the sea. The research aims was to determine the growth characteristics of calcareousalgae in the reef flats, local distribution, calcium carbonate contain and its contribution as a frame work coastal reef waters. The research method using transect (Buckland et al., 1993). Identification of the type of aragonite and calcite according to Cordero (1977). Analysis of calcium carbonate according to Hillis (1980). The results showed that the green and brown calcareousalgae found in the reef flats, has thallus and tubers. Red calcareousalgae grew as encrusting on dead reefs and massif substrate. There are 16 species of calcareous algae that found in reseach area, 10 species containing aragonite mineral and 6 species containing calcite mineral. The content of calcium carbonate on each species obtained 100-450 g/m² consists of aragonite and calcite minerals. Calcareousalgae contribute in the new formation of coral reef ecosystems. The other benefit of calcareaousalgae in the coastal waters is an additional food for herbivorous fish. The content of calcium carbonate on calcareousalgae species is used in pharmaceutical field as drug ingredients and supplements for humans.
26
Mikhaylova, T. A., A. D. Naumov, and D. A. Aristov. "Species composition and structure of macrophytobenthos in the lower part of the photic zone of the Kolvitsa inlet (Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea)." Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii 51 (2017): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2017.51.145.
Full textAbstract:
The Kolvitsa inlet of the Kandalaksha Bay is a poorly studied part of the White Sea. Sampling was carried out in intertidal and subtidal (using diving equipment) zones from 15 to 21 July 2016. Fifty species of macroalgae were found: 9 species of Chlorophyta, 18 species of Phaeophyceae, and 23 species of Rhodophyta. First records of Choreocolax polysiphoniae and Coccotylus hartzii in the Kandalaksha Bay are reported. The red algal zone at the Kolvitsa inlet extends at the depths from 7 to 17–18 m. Zonation and phytocoenoses with high species richness at the red algal belt were discovered. Community of Odonthalia dentata inhabits the depth of 7–8 m and includes 31 species of seaweeds with their average biomass 282.1 ± 37.6 g/m2; the height of vegetation is 20 cm; Coccotylus truncatus and Polysiphonia stricta are subdominants. Community of C. truncatus inhabits the depths from 8–9 to 11–12 m and includes 35 species of seaweeds with their average biomass 157.4 ± 92.2 g/m2; the height of vegetation is 10 cm; P. stricta, O. dentata and Phycodrys rubens are subdominants. Community of C. truncatus and P. rubens inhabits the depths from 11–12 to 14–15 m and includes 26 species of seaweeds with their average biomass 41.9 ± 1.1 g/m2; the height of vegetation is 5–6 cm; Euthora cristata is a subdominant. Few species of red cortical calcareous algae inhabit the depths from 15 to 18 m. Thirty two epiphytic algae were found. Secondary holdfasts on the erect filaments of Polysiphonia stricta were detected as a specific adaptation for attachment to basiphytes. Most of the epiphytes grow on three species mainly. C. truncatus may be considered as consorcium forming inside the phytocoenoses of the lower part of the photic zone because the biomass of its epiphytes is comparable with that of seaweeds on the ground in the same community.
27
Hing, Lee Siang, Kesaven Bhubalan, Peck Ying Tan, and Rohaida Mat Husain. "Composition of Ballast Water from Ships Arriving at Kertih Port, Malaysia with Observations on Port and Offshore Waters, and Notes on Settlement Patterns of Fouling Organisms." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 35, no. 1-2 (2018): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.478.
Full textAbstract:
We investigated plankton composition and water quality of ballast water from seven international ships docked at Kertih Port, Malaysia. Coscinodiscophyceae and cyanobacteria were the dominant phytoplankton found in ballast water samples, whereas copepod nauplii, Oithona sp., Microstella sp. and Paracalanus sp. were the dominant zooplankton. The densities for both phytoplankton and zooplankton in ships’ ballast and port waters were higher than those of offshore samples. All water quality parameters (except Cr) of port samples were within the safety levels prescribed for ports, oil and gas fields (Class 3) by the Malaysia Marine Water Quality Criteria Standard. The study of fouling organisms using PVC panels revealed that brown algae covered 87–95% of the panels’ surface area but they were subsequently succeeded by barnacles, bivalves and red encrusting algae. Barnacle recruitment, however, was greatly influenced by crab predation which left behind a high percentage cover of barnacle bases as calcareous deposits on panels.
28
Bucur, Ioan I., Wolfang Kiessling, and Roberto A. Scasso. "Re-description and neotypification of Archamphiroa jurassica Steinmann 1930, a calcareous red alga from the Jurassic of Argentina." Journal of Paleontology 83, no. 6 (2009): 962–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/09-052.1.
Full textAbstract:
Archamphiroa jurassica was described by Steinmann (1930) from carbonate deposits of the Cordillera de los Andes in Mendoza, central Argentina (Arroyo Negro, confluent of Malargüe River), assigned to the Callovian stage. Based on the general morphology and the internal structure of the identified fragments, Steinmann considered them to belong to the coralline algae. Comparisons made with some fossil and extant corallines species led him to the conclusion that Archamphiroa jurassica closely resembles some species of the extant genus Amphiroa.
29
Mercurio, Maria, Giuseppe Corriero, Guadalupe Anahi Giménez, Marco Dadamo, and Cataldo Pierri. "Preliminary Assessment of Macrobenthos Associated with Red Coral Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758) Populations in the Northeastern Ionian Sea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 10 (2024): 1825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12101825.
Full textAbstract:
The taxonomic composition, structure, and distribution patterns of the macrobenthos associated with Corallium rubrum were studied along the coast of Taranto (Ionian Sea), together with the main features of their red coral population. Underwater video transects were performed by professional divers at three sites in correspondence with coralligenous formations at depths from 50 to 65 m. The results revealed a patchy distribution of red coral, with colonies predominantly located in cavities on sub-vertical cliffs and large boulders. Biometric analysis indicated that young colonies predominated at all sites, while older colonies were lacking, likely because of illegal harvesting. The lower density values were recorded at S1, while S2 and S3 presented higher values. A total of 76 taxa were recorded. S1, the shallowest site, showed a prevalence of calcareous algae, while S2 and S3 showed a greater abundance of filter-feeding invertebrates (Porifera and Cnidaria) with the highest presence of Porifera at S3. The results emphasize the heterogeneity of the macrobenthos together with the high vulnerability of the red coral population, highlighting the necessity of site-specific conservation strategies to contribute to the conservation and management of benthic ecosystems in the northern Ionian Sea.
30
Castagner, Ariane, André Desrochers, and Denis Lavoie. "An unusual sponge – microbe – synsedimentary cement framework in a Late Ordovician reef, Southampton Island (Nunavut, Canada)." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 8 (2016): 815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0244.
Full textAbstract:
A large, resistant buildup at the top of the Upper Ordovician (Hirnantian?) Red Head Rapids Formation on Southampton Island (Nunavut, Arctic Canada) is dominated by massive boundstone and cementstone facies. These massive facies have more in common with the sponge–microbial reefs that dominated worldwide in the Early Ordovician, including the following primary components: early calcified sponge material, microbial elements, and synsedimentary cement. A close spatial relationship between sponge and microbial framework elements suggests that a poorly preserved decaying sponge framework provided substrates for the attachment and development of microbes and that the microbes played essential roles as reef consolidators. Centimetre-scale colonial metazoans are present and locally intergrown with the sponge and microbial components. Other mound-dwelling invertebrates or calcareous algae are rare. Although altered now to calcite, cement fabrics suggest that aragonite was ubiquitous as seafloor precipitate. Prior to its subaerial exposure in the latest Ordovician, the Red Head Rapids Formation buildup developed on the margin of a shallow-marine evaporative epicratonic basin where a diverse community of reef-building metazoans was unable to flourish.
31
Ries, J. B. "Review: geological and experimental evidence for secular variation in seawater Mg/Ca (calcite-aragonite seas) and its effects on marine biological calcification." Biogeosciences 7, no. 9 (2010): 2795–849. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-2795-2010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Synchronized transitions in the polymorph mineralogy of the major reef-building and sediment-producing calcareous marine organisms and abiotic CaCO3 precipitates (ooids, marine cements) throughout Phanerozoic time are believed to have been caused by tectonically induced variations in the Mg/Ca ratio of seawater (molar Mg/Ca>2="aragonite seas", <2="calcite seas"). Here, I assess the geological evidence in support of secular variation in seawater Mg/Ca and its effects on marine calcifiers, and review a series of recent experiments that investigate the effects of seawater Mg/Ca (1.0–5.2) on extant representatives of calcifying taxa that have experienced variations in this ionic ratio of seawater throughout the geologic past. Secular variation in seawater Mg/Ca is supported by synchronized secular variations in (1) the ionic composition of fluid inclusions in primary marine halite, (2) the mineralogies of late stage marine evaporites, abiogenic carbonates, and reef- and sediment-forming marine calcifiers, (3) the Mg/Ca ratios of fossil echinoderms, molluscs, rugose corals, and abiogenic carbonates, (4) global rates of tectonism that drive the exchange of Mg2+ and Ca2+ along zones of ocean crust production, and (5) additional proxies of seawater Mg/Ca including Sr/Mg ratios of abiogenic carbonates, Sr/Ca ratios of biogenic carbonates, and Br concentrations in marine halite. Laboratory experiments have revealed that aragonite-secreting bryopsidalean algae and scleractinian corals and calcite-secreting coccolithophores exhibit higher rates of calcification and growth in experimental seawaters formulated with seawater Mg/Ca ratios that favor their skeletal mineral. These results support the assertion that seawater Mg/Ca played an important role in determining which hypercalcifying marine organisms were the major reef-builders and sediment-producers throughout Earth history. The observation that primary production increased along with calcification within the bryopsidalean and coccolithophorid algae in mineralogically favorable seawater is consistent with the hypothesis that calcification promotes photosynthesis within some species of these algae through the liberation of CO2. The experiments also revealed that aragonite-secreting bryopsidalean algae and scleractinian corals, and bacterial biofilms that secrete a mixture of aragonite and high Mg calcite, began secreting an increased proportion of their calcium carbonate as the calcite polymorph in the lower-Mg/Ca experimental seawaters. Furthermore, the Mg/Ca ratio of calcite secreted by the coccolithophores, coralline red algae, reef-dwelling animals (crustacea, urchins, calcareous tube worms), bacterial biofilms, scleractinian corals, and bryopsidalean algae declined with reductions in seawater Mg/Ca. Notably, Mg fractionation in autotrophic organisms was more strongly influenced by changes in seawater Mg/Ca than in heterotrophic organisms, a probable consequence of autotrophic organisms inducing a less controlled mode of calcification simply through the removal of CO2 via photosynthesis. These results indicate that biomineralogical control can be partially overridden by ambient seawater Mg/Ca and suggest that modern aragonite-secreting organisms may have secreted a mixture of aragonite and low Mg calcite, and that modern high Mg calcite-secreting organisms probably secreted low Mg calcite, in calcite seas of the past. These effects of seawater Mg/Ca on the polymorph mineralogy and calcite Mg/Ca ratio of calcareous skeletons should be accounted for in thermal-chemical reconstructions of seawater that are based upon skeletal Mg/Ca. Lastly, by identifying how marine calcifiers respond to changes in seawater Mg/Ca and absolute Ca2+ concentration, this work should enhance our interpretation of parallel studies investigating the effects of anthropogenic CO2-induced ocean acidification on marine calcification.
32
Aguirre, Julio, Juan I. Baceta, and Juan C. Braga. "Recovery of marine primary producers after the Cretaceous–Tertiary mass extinction: Paleocene calcareous red algae from the Iberian Peninsula." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 249, no. 3-4 (2007): 393–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.02.009.
Full text
33
Dos Santos, André Souza, Pablo Riul, Ana Claudia Dos Santos Brasil, and Martin Lindsey Christoffersen. "Encrusting Sabellariidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) in rhodolith beds, with description of a new species of Sabellaria from the Brazilian coast." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91, no. 2 (2010): 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410000780.
Full textAbstract:
Rhodoliths or maërl are calcareous nodules of coralline red algae growing unattached to the substrata. They sustain a high biodiversity, being one of the most important marine benthic environments dominated by macrophytes. Sabellariidae are tube-dwelling filter feeding marine polychaetes that build their tubes by secreting cement from their thoracic glands. Some species are solitary, while others build tubes together, forming large aggregates. This study analyses Sabellariidae collected in rhodolith beds along the subtidal zone of the coast of João Pessoa and Cabedelo, Paraíba, north-eastern Brazil. A total of 100 individuals of six species were identified. Four are reported for the first time for the north-east coast of Brazil: Phragmatopoma caudata Mörch (1863), Sabellaria bella Grube (1870), Sabellaria nanella Chamberlin (1919), and Sabellaria wilsoni Lana & Gruet (1989). The first occurrence of Sabellaria pectinata Fauvel (1923) along the western Atlantic is provided as well as the description of a new species of the genus Sabellaria.
34
Nash, Merinda C., Sophie Martin, and Jean-Pierre Gattuso. "Mineralogical response of the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga <i>Lithophyllum cabiochae</i> to near-future ocean acidification and warming." Biogeosciences 13, no. 21 (2016): 5937–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5937-2016.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Red calcareous coralline algae are thought to be among the organisms most vulnerable to ocean acidification due to the high solubility of their magnesium calcite skeleton. Although skeletal mineralogy is proposed to change as CO2 and temperature continue to rise, there is currently very little information available on the response of coralline algal carbonate mineralogy to near-future changes in pCO2 and temperature. Here we present results from a 1-year controlled laboratory experiment to test mineralogical responses to pCO2 and temperature in the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga (CCA) Lithophyllum cabiochae. Our results show that Mg incorporation is mainly constrained by temperature (+1 mol % MgCO3 for an increase of 3 °C), and there was no response to pCO2. This suggests that L. cabiochae thalli have the ability to buffer their calcifying medium against ocean acidification, thereby enabling them to continue to deposit magnesium calcite with a significant mol % MgCO3 under elevated pCO2. Analyses of CCA dissolution chips showed a decrease in Mg content after 1 year for all treatments, but this was affected neither by pCO2 nor by temperature. Our findings suggest that biological processes exert a strong control on calcification on magnesium calcite and that CCA may be more resilient under rising CO2 than previously thought. However, previously demonstrated increased skeletal dissolution with ocean acidification will still have major consequences for the stability and maintenance of Mediterranean coralligenous habitats.
35
Piazza, Giulia, Valentina A. Bracchi, Antonio Langone, Agostino N. Meroni, and Daniela Basso. "Growth rate rather than temperature affects the B∕Ca ratio in the calcareous red alga <i>Lithothamnion corallioides</i>." Biogeosciences 19, no. 4 (2022): 1047–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1047-2022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The B/Ca ratio in calcareous marine species is informative of past seawater CO32- concentrations, but scarce data exist on B/Ca in coralline algae. Recent studies suggest influences of temperature and growth rates on B/Ca, the effect of which could be critical for the reconstructions of surface ocean pH and atmospheric pCO2. In this paper, we present the first laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of Mg, Sr, Li, and B in the coralline alga Lithothamnion corallioides collected from different geographic settings and depths across the Mediterranean Sea and in the Atlantic Ocean. We produced the first data on putative temperature proxies (Mg/Ca, Li/Ca, Sr/Ca, Mg/Li) and B/Ca in a coralline algal species grown in different basins from across the photic zone (12, 40, 45, and 66 m depth). We tested the B/Ca correlation with temperature proxies and growth rates in order to evaluate their possible effect on B incorporation. Our results suggested a growth rate influence on B/Ca, which was evident in the sample with the lowest growth rate of 0.10 mm yr−1 (Pontian Isl., Italy; 66 m depth) and in Elba (Italy; 45 m depth), where the algal growth rate was the highest (0.14 mm yr−1). At these two sites, the measured B/Ca was the lowest at 462.8 ± 49.2 µmol mol−1 and the highest at 757.7 ± 75.5 µmol mol−1, respectively. A positive correlation between B/Ca and temperature proxies was found only in the shallowest sample from Morlaix (Atlantic coast of France; 12 m depth), where the amplitude of temperature variation (ΔT) was the highest (8.9 ∘C). Still, fluctuations in B/Ca did not mirror yearly seasonal temperature oscillations as for Mg/Ca, Li/Ca, and Sr/Ca. We concluded that growth rates, triggered by the different ΔT and light availability across depth, affect the B incorporation in L. corallioides.
36
Costa, Dimítri, Levente-Péter Kolcsár, Marina Dolbeth, et al. "Marine invertebrates associated with rhodoliths/maërl beds from northeast Brazil (State of Paraíba)." Biodiversity Data Journal 9 (July 21, 2021): e62736. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e62736.
Full textAbstract:
Marine invertebrates are a group of animals characterized by the absence of a backbone, living in the oceanic zone around the world, being remarkably common associated with rhodolith/maërl beds (non-geniculated red corallinaceous algae). A total of 59 species were identified, belonging to six phyla (Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Sipuncula, Mollusca, Arthropoda, and Echinodermata), of which 52 are considered here as new records. The annelids (Class Polychaeta) were the most representative taxa in Miramar and Seixas beaches, while molluscs were mostly found in Maceió Beach.This is the first study that include an identification guide, diagnostic features and distribution patterns worldwide and local (including new records) of the marine invertebrate fauna associated with rhodolith beds in Northeast Brazil (State of Paraíba). Sampling were performed in 2018, at low tide in the intertidal to shallow subtidal zones (1.5 and 4.0m depth), in the Miramar, Seixas and Maceió beaches. Of all the identified species, 18 are new records for the Seixas, and all identified species for Miramar and Maceió beaches are new occurrences. This work proposes to contribute to the knowledge of marine invertebrates in Northeast Brazil, providing support for future environmental studies.
37
Vannucci, Grazia, Michele Piazza, Patrizia Fravega, and Claudia Consigliere. "New data and comparisons on red calcareous algae and larger Foraminifera assemblages from Gassino Formation (Eocene; Monferrato and Torino Hill, NW Italy)." Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano 147 (June 12, 2006): 183–200. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13510904.
Full text
38
Vannucci, Grazia, Michele Piazza, Patrizia Fravega, and Claudia Consigliere. "New data and comparisons on red calcareous algae and larger Foraminifera assemblages from Gassino Formation (Eocene; Monferrato and Torino Hill, NW Italy)." Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano 147 (June 7, 2006): 183–200. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13510904.
Full text
39
GUZMAN, HECTOR M., CARLOS A. GUEVARA, and ODALISCA BREEDY. "Distribution, diversity, and conservation of coral reefs and coral communities in the largest marine protected area of Pacific Panama (Coiba Island)." Environmental Conservation 31, no. 2 (2004): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892904001250.
Full textAbstract:
Sampling scale and lack of attention to taxa other than scleractinian corals have limited the capacity to protect coral reefs and coral communities in Pacific Panama. The distribution of coral habitats (live coral cover) and their species richness in the largest marine protected area of Panama, the Coiba National Park (270 125 ha), is described using quadrat transects and manta tows. The species richness of scleractinian corals and octocorals was lower in coral reefs than in coral communities, and a close relationship between richness and live coral cover was observed only in coral communities. The distribution of high live coral cover in coral communities overlapped with areas of high coral species richness. Average live coral cover in communities was 64%, compared to 28% in reefs, whereas algae cover was 30% and 49%, respectively. Twenty-two coral and 34 octocoral species were observed, many only now detected in Panama as endemic or new species. Analysis of satellite imagery showed 80% of terrestrial habitats were mostly primary forest, and coral reefs and coral communities covered 1700 ha, about 2% of marine habitats. Shallow marine environments (< 20 m) had up to 60% calcareous red algae cover (rhodolite beds). Based on the distribution of live coral cover and species richness, three conservation units were identified as priority, with the southern and northernmost sides of the marine protected area as the most significant. These three areas encompass most of the rare and endemic species or populations, as well as species previously regarded as endangered.
40
GUERRIERO, A., M. D'AMBROSIO, and F. PIETRA. "ChemInform Abstract: Novel Hydroxyicosatetraenoic and Hydroxyicosapentaenoic Acids and a 13- Oxo Analog. Isolation from a Mixture of the Calcareous Red Algae Lithothamnion corallioides and Lithothamnion calcareum of Brittany Waters." ChemInform 22, no. 9 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199109338.
Full text
41
MECCA, SILVIA, EDOARDO CASOLI, GIANDOMENICO ARDIZZONE, and MARIA CRISTINA GAMBI. "Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO2 vent systems of Ischia (Italy)." Mediterranean Marine Science 21, no. 1 (2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.20795.
Full textAbstract:
Morphological features of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and its epiphyte community were studied in three acidified stations located in two CO2 vents systems and one control station under normal pH conditions off the island of Ischia (Italy) to highlight the possible effects of ocean acidification. Plant phenology was analyzed every two months for a year cycle (June 2016–April 2017), while epiphytes were studied in the period of highest development of both the leaf canopy and the epiphytic community (June, August, and October 2016). The shoot density of Posidonia beds in the acidified stations of the studied sites was significantly higher than that in the control area. Significant differences in the mean leaf length according to the pH condition, month, and the interaction of these two factors were observed (PERMANOVA); the mean leaf width differed also among pH conditions and months. We recorded lower leaf lengths and widths in the acidified stations in all the considered months, compared to those in the control station. These differences are consistent with the higher impact of grazing by the herbivorous fish Sarpa salpa observed on the leaves in the acidified stations. However, the overall leaf surface available for epiphytes was similar among stations because of the higher shoot density under ocean acidification conditions. Overall, the composition and structure of the epiphytic community on the Posidonia leaves showed significant differences in relation to acidification: in both acidified sites, all the calcareous forms, both encrusting red algae (Corallinales) and animals (bryozoans, foraminiferans, and spirorbids), disappeared or were strongly reduced, in favor of encrusting or erect fleshy algae, and non-calcifying invertebrates (hydrozoans, tunicates) which dominated the assemblage. Coralline algae are early species in the epiphytic colonization of P. oceanica and therefore their absence can further modify the pattern of leaf colonization by other species. Therefore, the changes found in the epiphyte community in low pH areas could have potential cascading effects on the seagrass trophic network and the functioning of the system.
42
Martinuš, Maja, Karmen Fio, Kristina Pikelj, and Šimun Aščić. "Middle Miocene warm-temperate carbonates of Central Paratethys (Mt. Zrinska Gora, Croatia): paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on bryozoans, coralline red algae, foraminifera, and calcareous nannoplankton." Facies 59, no. 3 (2012): 481–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10347-012-0327-z.
Full text
43
Ahmed M. Muftah. "Petrographical and Paleontological Characterizations of the Quaternary Calcarenites along the Coastline of NE-Libya." Scientific Journal of University of Benghazi 33, no. 1 (2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37376/sjuob.v33i1.311.
Full textAbstract:
Quaternary calcarenites deposits can be traced sporadically along the Mediterranean coastlines including Libya, Tunisia, Italy, Malta and Cyprus. Quaternary calcarenites are cropping out at local places in Al Jabal al Akhdar forming the coastal rocks, few hundred meters above sea level. This paper aimed to describe and classify the Quaternary (Pleistocene and Holocene) calcarenites of Al Jabal al Akhdar based on the depositional texture and the manifested sedimentary structures. Four rocky beach localities are subjected to sampling for this study namely, Garyounis, Al Haniyah, Al Hammamah and Susah. They are mainly composed of marine deposited at more or less various water depths. The concerned calcarenites displayed an alternating band of soft and hard white to creamy, planar to festoon trough large scale cross bedded with local occurrences of root casts and land snails. The bioclasts are represented by small benthic foraminifers of miliolids, rotalids and textularids as well as ostracodes, echinoderm remains, mollusks and calcareous red algae. The calcarenite in the studied localities showed wide range of facies distribution on both lateral and vertical sense in terms of biofacies and lithofacies, the calcarenite grains in Susah region is bounded by calcite bridges filled fractured. However, the calcarenite in Garyounis area is characterized by the presence of highly molluskan shells concentration such as Cardium, with intercalated marls and clays enriched with Ostrea.
44
Abdulsamad, E. O., and Mansour M. Elbabour. "Juliana Lake: A Wetland in an Urban Environment1." Libyan Journal of Science &Technology 7, no. 2 (2022): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37376/ljst.v7i2.2241.
Full textAbstract:
Of all the remaining natural habitats of Benghazi’s urban area (NE Libya), perhaps the most threatened are its karst lakes and coastal salt marshes (locally known as Sebkha). Juliana Lake stands out as one example of a fragile ecosystem that is steadily shrinking and exposed to dredging, infilling and, consequently, possible damage to its aquatic organisms, and the inevitable loss of its renowned biodiversity. Several 19th & 20th–century traveller’s sketches and maps, soil maps, photographs and satellite images provide the bases for change in the size and magnitude of the lake and its adjacent areas over time. Assessment of the sediment composition and texture of material accumulating at the bottom of the lake reveals mixtures of Sebkha sediments such as salty clay, silt, and clayey sand, while sediments at the surface and around the lake are represented by quite soft whitish to yellowish and scattered patchy limestones of unknown affinity. Terra-rossa and Quaternary caliche are present also, but calcarenites cover considerable part of the studied area. The bio-micro components of these sediments are described and a number of small-sized benthic foraminifera have been identified. Macrofauna, which are primarily presented by recent benthic seashells belonging to phylum mollusca, have also been investigated and several species have been identified to the species level wherever possible. Other calcareous biotic components are predominantly shell fragments of molluscs, echinoderms and calcareous coralline red algae. It is concluded that the distribution, diversity and abundance of the total benthic organisms recovered in this survey reflect the habitat's richness in nutrients and consequently providing important food source for fish, birds, and mammals. It is argued that environmentally based planning strategies can preserve the fragile landscapes of Benghazi and, furthermore, ensure a more sustainable form of future urban development. In this context, urban planners should review routine urban planning practices affecting Juliana wetland and other natural landscapes of Benghazi, and adjust them to integrate nature into the urban scene of current and future development plans.
45
Nilssen, Ingunn, Francisco dos Santos, Ricardo Coutinho, et al. "Assessing the potential impact of water-based drill cuttings on deep-water calcareous red algae using species specific impact categories and measured oceanographic and discharge data." Marine Environmental Research 112 (December 2015): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.09.008.
Full text
46
Adeleye, Adekeye Olabisi, Ogundipe Olumide, Adeoye James Adejimi, Adeyilola Adedoyin, Samuel Olukayode, and Akande Samuel Olusegun. "Paleoenvironments and Hydrocarbon Potential of Upper Cretaceous Shales in Agbabu-1 Well, Dahomey Basin – Insight from Geochemistry and Foraminifera Paleontology." European Scientific Journal ESJ 17, no. 43 (2021): 194–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n43p194.
Full textAbstract:
Upper Cretaceous shales partially exposed in the northern fringes of the Dahomey Basin are well developed in the subsurface in Southwestern part of the basin where Agbau-1 well is sited. These shales were evaluated in respect to their paleoenvironments and potentials for hydrocarbon using foraminiferal assemblages, biomarkers and Rock Eval pyrolysis studies. The dominance of benthonic foraminifera species suggests a shallow marine environment and high percentage of calcareous to arenaceous benthic www.eujournal.org 195 foraminifera indicate high water salinity and hypersline environment. Dysoxic oxygen condition is also prevalent probably because most of the benthic foraminifera recovered are epifauna that live in a reduced oxygen condition. 1.90 wt%, 244 mgHC/gTOC and 429℃ average values of total organic carbon, hydrogen index and Tmax reveal that the Upper Cretaceous shales have relatively fair to good organic matter, predominantly Type II-III kerogen and currently immature. Though three is a trend of an increase in maturity down the hole. All the steranes have uniform distributions (C27>C28>C29), suggesting a relatively higher input from the marine red algae and a low level of land plant contribution to the source organic matter. Pristane/phytane ratios and C29/C27 steranes confirmed the organic matter type to be a Type II/III and anoxic source rock depositional condition as well as a reducing diagenetic system in the sediment water column. The Upper Cretaceous shales in Dahomey Basin can be targeted for exploration as an unconventional petroleum resource.
47
Basso, Daniela, Giulia Piazza, and Valentina Alice Bracchi. "Calcification traits for cryptic species identification: Insights into coralline biomineralization." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (2022): e0273505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273505.
Full textAbstract:
Calcareous red algae are foundation species and ecosystem engineers with a global distribution. The principles governing their calcification pathways are still debated and the morphological characters are frequently unreliable for species segregation, as shown by molecular genetics. The recent description of the new species Lithophyllum pseudoracemus, previously undetected and morphologically confused with Lithophyllum racemus, offered a challenging opportunity to test the effectiveness of microanatomy and ultrastructural calcification traits as tools for the identification of these two species, for integrative taxonomy. High resolution SEM images of molecularly identified samples showed that the different size of the perithallial cells and the features of the asexual conceptacle chambers may contribute to the separation of the two species. The two species share the same crystallite morphology in the primary and secondary cell-wall calcification, as previously described in other species belonging to the same clade. However, the perithallial secondary calcification was significantly thicker in L. racemus than in L. pseudoracemus. We described a granular calcified layer in the innermost part of the cell wall, as a putative precursor phase in the biomineralization and formation of the secondary calcification. The hypothesis of different pathways for the formation of the primary and secondary calcification is supported by the observed cell elongation associated with thicker and higher Mg/Ca primary calcification, the inverse correlation of primary and secondary calcification thickness, and the absence of primary calcification in the newly formed wall cutting off an epithallial cell from the meristem.
48
Abdelhamid, Sarah, Götz B. Reinicke, Rebecca Klaus, Johannes Höhn, Osama S. Saad, and Görres Grenzdörffer. "Red Sea Coral Reef Monitoring Site in Sudan after 39 Years Reveals Stagnant Reef Growth, Continuity and Change." Diversity 16, no. 7 (2024): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16070379.
Full textAbstract:
Coral reefs off the coast of the Republic of Sudan are still considered to be among the most pristine reefs in the central Red Sea. The complex coastal fringing reefs, offshore banks, and shoals of Dungonab Bay in the north and Sanganeb atoll situated further to the south, about 23 km off the Sudanese mainland coast, were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2016. Due to their remote location and limited access, monitoring of the status of the reefs has been sporadic. Here, we present the results of a repeated large area photomosaic survey (5 m × 5 m plots) on the Sanganeb atoll, first established and surveyed in 1980, and revisited in 1991 and most recently in 2019. The 2019 survey recovered and reinstated the four original monitoring plots. Evaluation of photographic and video records from one photomosaic plot on the seaward slope of the atoll revealed general continuity of the overall community structure and composition over 39 years. Individual colonies of Echinopora gemmacea and Lobophyllia erythraea were recorded in the exact same positions as in the 1980 and 1991 plots. The genera Acropora and Pocillopora remain dominant, although in altered proportions. Shifts in composition were detected at the species level (e.g., increase in Pocillopora verrucosa, Stylophora pistillata, Acropora hemprichii, Dipsastraea pallida, and Echinopora gemmacea, decrease in Acropora cytherea and A. superba), in addition to changes in the extent of uncolonized substrate (e.g., increase from 43.9% in 1980 to 52.2% in 2019), and other scleractinian, hydrozoan, and soft coral living cover. While the temporal resolution only includes three sampling events over 39 years (1980, 1991, 2019), this study presents one of the longest time series of benthic community surveys available for the entire Red Sea. A semi-quantitative estimate of vertical reef growth in the studied test plot indicates a reduction in net accretion rates of more than 80%, from 2.27 to 2.72 cm/yr between 1980 and 1991 to 0.28–0.42 cm/yr between 1991 and 2019. We carefully conclude that the changes observed in the coral community in the plot in 2019 (Acropora–Pocillopora shift, increase in Montipora and calcareous algae) are representative of impacts at the community level, including rising sea surface temperatures and recent bleaching events.
49
Spiridonov, Vassily A., Ulyana V. Simakova, Sergey E. Anosov, Anna K. Zalota, and Vitaly A. Timofeev. "Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae)." Zoosystematics and Evolution 96, no. 2 (2020): 609–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342.
Full textAbstract:
Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880), described from the Black Sea, was ignored in the regional faunal accounts for more than a century, although it was recognised in the Mediterranean. Instead, M. longirostris (Fabricius, 1775) and M. rostrata (Linnaeus, 1761) were frequently listed for the Black Sea. We selected a lectotype and redescribed the species on the basis of the type series from the Crimean Peninsula and the new material collected in the Black Sea. Historical and new collections, as well as the analysis of publications, indicate that M. czernjawskii is the only Macropodia species occurring in the Black Sea. Molecular barcode (COI gene marker) data show that M. czernjawskii is a species well-diverged from other studied species of the group. Furthermore, M. parva van Noort &amp; Adema, 1985 has very low genetic distances from M. rostrata and M. longipes A. Milne-Edwards &amp; Bouvier, 1899 is indistinguishable from M. tenuirostris (Leach, 1814), using COI sequences. The respective synonimisations, supported by morphological data, are proposed. M. czernjawskii is a Black Sea – Mediterranean endemic occurring also in the neighbouring Atlantic coastal zone of the Iberian Peninsula and occupying shallower depth, compared to other Mediterranean species of Macropodia. As an upper subtidal inshore species, it is particularly specialised in self-decoration and stimulates abundant epibiosis, providing masking and protection. The bulk of epibiosis consists of algae and cyanobacteria. Amongst the 25 autotrophic eukaryote taxa, identified to the lowest possible level, green chlorophytes Cladophora sp. and calcareous rhodophytes Corallinales gen. sp. were most commonly recorded. Non-indigenous red alga Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, first officially recorded at the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea in 2015, was present in the epibiosis of M. czernjawskii in Crimea as early as 2011.
50
Spiridonov, Vassily A., Ulyana V. Simakova, Sergey E. Anosov, Anna K. Zalota, and Vitaly A. Timofeev. "Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae)." Zoosystematics and Evolution 96, no. (2) (2020): 609–35. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342.
Full textAbstract:
Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880), described from the Black Sea, was ignored in the regional faunal accounts for more than a century, although it was recognised in the Mediterranean. Instead, M. longirostris (Fabricius, 1775) and M. rostrata (Linnaeus, 1761) were frequently listed for the Black Sea. We selected a lectotype and redescribed the species on the basis of the type series from the Crimean Peninsula and the new material collected in the Black Sea. Historical and new collections, as well as the analysis of publications, indicate that M. czernjawskii is the only Macropodia species occurring in the Black Sea. Molecular barcode (COI gene marker) data show that M. czernjawskii is a species well-diverged from other studied species of the group. Furthermore, M. parva van Noort & Adema, 1985 has very low genetic distances from M. rostrata and M. longipes A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1899 is indistinguishable from M. tenuirostris (Leach, 1814), using COI sequences. The respective synonimisations, supported by morphological data, are proposed. M. czernjawskii is a Black Sea – Mediterranean endemic occurring also in the neighbouring Atlantic coastal zone of the Iberian Peninsula and occupying shallower depth, compared to other Mediterranean species of Macropodia. As an upper subtidal inshore species, it is particularly specialised in self-decoration and stimulates abundant epibiosis, providing masking and protection. The bulk of epibiosis consists of algae and cyanobacteria. Amongst the 25 autotrophic eukaryote taxa, identified to the lowest possible level, green chlorophytes Cladophora sp. and calcareous rhodophytes Corallinales gen. sp. were most commonly recorded. Non-indigenous red alga Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, first officially recorded at the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea in 2015, was present in the epibiosis of M. czernjawskii in Crimea as early as 2011.